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This research was carried out to determine the effect of eight-week taekwondo training and studies to improve basic motoric features on the lipid metabolism and hormonal changes of athletes. The research group consisted of 30 male athletes licensed in taekwondo and participating in national competitions. Eighty-minute taekwondo training sessions were applied to the research group for eight weeks, four days a week, four days a week, and studies aiming to improve their basic motor skills. Blood samples were taken from the athletes in the research group twice, at the beginning and at the end of the training. Insulin, growth hormone (GH), TSH, total testosterone, HDL, LDL, cholesterol and triglyceride levels were determined in the samples taken from the athletes. SPSS package program was used in the analysis of the data and the significance was accepted as p

Objective: Following acute exercises, changes in mineral and hematological concentrations are observed in the organism depending on the exercise, but regular and submaximal exercises do not fully reveal the mineral and hematological effects. This study was conducted to determine the effects of volleyball training on mineral metabolism and hematological parameters over a period of three months. Method:The research group included 20 healthy male volunteers in the 13-16 age group. A training program of 80 minutes per day, 4 days per week, for three months was applied to the athletes who participated in the study. Blood samples were taken twice before and at the end of the training sessions from the resting athletes. Sodium, potassium, chlorine, calcium, magnesium, WBC, RBC, HGB, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC, PLT, MPV and PDW levels were determined in the blood samples collected. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 22 package program. The Paired Samples t-test was used to compare the research group's pre-final test data. Significance was considered to be p>0.05. Finding: The analysis showed that the research group had statistically significant differences in sodium, chlorine, phosphorus, magnesium, RBC, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC, MPV and PCT levels (p0.05). Conclusion: As a result, volleyball training over a long period of time has been observed to cause changes in mineral metabolism and some hematological parameters. It was found that the regular training schedule caused differences in some mineral and whole blood values. In the light of this information, we believe that long-term adolescent training will have a positive impact on the health of athletes.

Aim: This research was conducted to determine the healthy lifestyle behaviors and physical activity levels of university students. Materials and Methods: The research group consisted of 337 (157 Female, 180 Male) volunteer students studying at Bitlis Eren University. As a data collection tool, an online questionnaire was applied, in which students' demographic information and healthy lifestyles were questioned. SPSS package program was used in the analysis of the data. Significance level was accepted as p, Amaç: Bu araştırma üniversite öğrencilerinin sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları ve fiziksel aktivite düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Araştırma grubunu Bitlis Eren Üniversitesinde öğrenim gören 337 (157 Kadın, 180 Erkek) gönüllü öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Veri toplama aracı olarak öğrencilerin demografik bilgilerini ve sağlıklı yaşam biçimlerinin sorgulandığı online bir anket formu uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde SPSS paket programından faydalanılmıştır. Anlamlılık düzeyi p

Gelişim dönemlerinde uygulanan fiziksel aktivite programlarının adölesan bireylerin fiziksel uygunluk ve temel motorik özelliklerini etkilediği bilinmektedir. Bu bilgiler doğrultusunda adölesan dönemde uygulanan yaz dönemi etkinlikleri önem arz etmektedir. Bu araştırmada; 10-12 yaş aralığında yaz dönemi (8 hafta) spor okulu futbol branşına devam eden çocuklar ile eğitsel oyunla futbol oynayan çocukların fiziksel uygunluk profillerinin karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma grubunu futbol eğitimi ve eğitsel oyun ile eğitim alan 10-12 yaş aralığında 66 (33 Kontrol-33 Deney) gönüllü çocuk oluşturdu. Araştırmada yer alan katılımcıların boy, vücut ağırlığı, dikey sıçrama, esneklik, el kavrama kuvveti ve bacak kuvveti ölçümleri alındı. Verilerin analizinde “Independent Samples T” testi kullanıldı ve anlamlılık p>0,05 olarak kabul edildi. Elde edilen verilere göre; deney ve kontrol gruplarının bacak kuvveti, el kavrama kuvvetleri, dikey sıçrama, esneklik ve otuz metre değerlerinde istatiksel açıdan anlamlı farklılık olduğu belirlenirken (p0,05). Sonuç olarak, fiziksel uygunlukları karşılaştırılan adölesanların uygulanan eğitim programlarının araştırma grubunun fiziksel uygunluk düzeylerini farklı düzeyde etkilediği görülmüştür., It is known that physical activity programs applied during developmental periods affect the physical fitness and basic motoric characteristics of adolescents. In line with this information, summer activities applied in the adolescence period are important. In this study; It is aimed to compare the physical fitness profiles of children between the ages of 10-12 who attend the sports school football branch in the summer (8 weeks) and children who play football with educational games. The research group consisted of 66 (33 Control-33 Experimental) children aged 10-12 who were trained with football education and educational games. Height, body weight, vertical jump, flexibility, hand grip strength and leg strength measurements of the participants in the study were taken. “Independent Samples T” test was used in the analysis of the data and the significance was accepted as p>0.05. According to the data obtained; While it was determined that there was a statistically significant difference in the leg strength, hand grip strength, vertical jump, flexibility and thirty meter values of the experimental and control groups (p0,). 05). As a result, it was seen that the education programs applied to the adolescents whose physical fitness were compared affected the physical fitness levels of the research group at different levels.

Cataloged from PDF version of article. Thesis (M.S.): Bilkent University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University, 2021. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 48-52). Machines in the nanoscale dimension had the opportunity to become a top-notch choice to detect and characterize nanoparticles thanks to the rapid progress in micro-nano fabrication. Sensors that can detect and identify nanoparticles al-lowed the analysis of the physics on the scale of nanometers. In the last decade, nano-electromechanical systems are evolved with the integration of electronics to the mechanical nano dimensional structures to sense the mass of particles. Their small form factor, high sensitivity to mass changes, and compatibility with the microchip fabrication process placed NEMS in a position to be an excellent can-didate for sensing applications. In contrast, high sensitivity that is coming from their minuscule size of active area for mass detection comes with the cost of hav-ing minimal efficiency in capturing the nanoparticles in concern. Moreover, the need for vacuum equipment for the transportation of the nanoparticles confined NEMS-MS applications to the laboratories. Here, we resolved these problems by integrating a polymeric lens on top of the NEMS sensors in order to transport and direct the incoming nanoparticles, utilizing the electric field only, towards the minuscule active detection area; with exploiting change of the electric field in between nanoparticle source and NEMS, due to the accumulating surface charges over the polymeric lens. Therefore, we executed mass sensing measurements and obtained the mass spectrum of the 40 nm diameter gold nanoparticles and 100 nm diameter polystyrene nanoparticles without differential vacuum equipment, with a rapid analysis time and high capture efficiency. by Ramazan Tufan Erdoğan M.S.

As a result of the increasing spread of corona virus around the world, daily life in Turkey has changed, forcing society to be isolated along with social distances. Such measures are affecting people's lifestyles. This research was conducted to determine the nutritional habits and physical activity levels of students at the School of Physical Education and Sport during the pandemic. A total of 231 (93 female, 138 male) volunteer students from Bitlis Eren University (125 persons) and Van Yüzüncü Yıl University (106 persons) participated in the study. An online questionnaire was used as a data collection tool to question participants' demographic information, nutritional habits and levels of physical activity. The data were analyzed in the SPSS package program and the significance was accepted as p, Korona virüsün dünyada yayılımının artması neticesinde, Türkiye’de günlük yaşamda değişikliklere neden olarak, sosyal mesafeyle birlikte toplumu izole olmaya yönlendirmiştir. Alınan bu önlemler kişilerin yaşam tarzlarını etkilemektedir. Bu araştırma beden eğitimi ve spor yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin pandemi sürecinde beslenme alışkanlıkları ve fiziksel aktivite düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi (125 kişi) ve Van Yüzüncü yıl Üniversitesi (106 kişi) beden eğitimi spor yüksekokulunda öğrenim gören 231 (93 Kadın, 138 Erkek) gönüllü öğrenci katılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak katılımcıların demografik bilgilerini, beslenme alışkanlıklarını ve fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin sorgulandığı online bir anket formu uygulanmıştır. Veriler SPSS paket programında analiz edildi ve anlamlılık p

Trainings affect the physical profiles of athletes and play an important role in the development and display of future play skills as well as maintaining athletic performance during the developmental stages. This research was carried out to determine the changes that long-term tennis and endurance training created on the physical profiles of adolescent tennis players. The research group consisted of 20 adolescent male tennis players attending the tennis branch. The participants were given tennis training three days and endurance training one day a week for 16 weeks. Vertical jump, speed values, flexibility, hand grip strength, reaction speed and leg strength measurements were taken from the participants before and at the end of the training. SPSS statistical package program was used for data analysis. According to the results of the research; leg strength, hand grip strength, vertical jump, agility, flexibility, visual reaction, statistically significant differences were found in twenty and thirty meters values, no statistically significant difference was observed in auditory reaction and ten meters values. As a result, it was seen that the chronic training applied significantly affected the physical profiles of adolescent tennis players. For this reason, it is thought that the design of athletes by taking into consideration the physical and physiological characteristics of the athletes will be effective in developing and maintaining athletic performance., Antrenmanlar sporcuların fiziksel profillerini etkileyerek gelişim aşamalarında atletik performansın korunmasının yanısıra gelecekteki oyun yeteneklerini geliştirmede ve sergilemede önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu araştırma uzun süreli uygulanan tenis ve dayanıklılık antrenmanlarının adölesan tenisçilerin fiziksel profillerinde oluşturdukları değişiklikleri belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Araştırma grubunu tenis branşına devam eden 20 adölesan erkek tenisçi oluşturdu. Araştırmaya katılan sporculara 16 hafta süresince haftanın üç günü tenis eğitimi ve bir günü dayanıklılık antrenmanı olmak üzere haftanın dört günü antrenman uygulandı. Araştırmaya katılan sporculardan antrenmanlara başlanmandan önce ve antrenmanlarının bitiminde olmak üzere dikey sıçrama, sürat değerleri, esneklik, el kavrama kuvveti, reaksiyon hızı ve bacak kuvveti ölçümleri alındı. Verilerin analizinde SPSS istatistik paket programı kullanıldı. Araştırma bulgularında sporcuların; bacak kuvveti, el kavrama kuvvetleri, dikey sıçrama, çeviklik, esneklik, görsel reaksiyon, yirmi ve otuz metre değerlerinde istatiksel olarak farklılılık olduğu, işitsel reaksiyon ve on metre değerlerinde istatiksel olarak farklılık olmadığı belirlendi. Sonuç olarak uygulanan kronik antrenmanların adölesan tenisçilerin fiziksel profillerini önemli derecede etkilediği görüldü. Bu sebeple uygulanacak antrenmanlarda sporcuların fiziksel ve fizyolojik özellikleri dikkate alınarak dizayn edilmesi atletik performansın geliştirilmesi ve korunmasında etkili olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Regular and long-term exercises create changes in the physical and physiological characteristics ofathletes. As a result of the exercises, it forms important changes especially in the muscle and elementmetabolism of the athletes and affects the performance of the athletes. In this context, it is determined todetect the changes of the long-term exercises in the muscle damage and element metabolism of the athletes.The study consists of 16 male volunteer athletes in the field of athletics. In the research, an exercise programfor competitions was applied to the athletes for 3 times a week during 12 weeks. Blood samples were takenfrom the athletes at rest, before the exercises were started and at the end of the exercises. In the samplestaken from athletes, muscle damage markers and element metabolism levels were determined. The dataobtained from the research were analyzed by using SPSS 22 package program. Significance was accepted asp 0,05). When the muscle damage values of the athletes were examined;a statistically significant difference was found in the pretest-posttest values of CK and CK-MB values(p

Sınıf öğretmenleri hitap ettiği kitle göz önüne alındığında öğrencilere rol model olacak ve kazandıkları alışkanlıklara katkı sunacak bir meslek alanıdır. Bu bağlamda sınıf öğretmenlerinin beslenme alışkanlıkları da önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Çünkü öğretmenler doğru ve düzenli bir beslenme alışkanlığına sahip olursa öğrencilerine de bu alışkanlığı kazandırabilir. Bu çalışmada sınıf öğretmenlerinin beslenme alışkanlıklarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda hazırlanmış olan beslenme alışkanlığı anketi sınıf öğretmenlerine uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde SPSS paket programı kullanılarak, yüzde, frekans, standart sapma ve aritmetik ortalama testleri uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre öğretmenlerin büyük bir çoğunluğu beslenme eğitimi almadıklarını, sigara ve alkol alışkanlığının olmadığını, herhangi bir fiziksel aktivite yapmadığını ifade etmişlerdir. Araştırmaya katılan öğretmenlerin yarısına yakını kahvaltı alışkanlığının olmadığını ve öğün atladığını, en çok atladıkları öğünün ise öğle yemeği olduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Öğretmenler öğün atlama nedeni olarak ta fırsat bulamadıkları için öğün atlattıklarını ifade etmişlerdir. Araştırmaya katılan öğretmenlerin büyük bir çoğunluğu günde iki litreden az su tükettiklerini ve günde beş ve altı bardaktan daha az çay kahve tükettiklerini ifade etmişlerdir. Yapılan araştırma sonucunda öğretmenlerin beslenme alışkanlıklarının ve bilgi düzeylerinin yetersiz olduğu görülmektedir., Classroom teaching, considering the population they address, is a field of profession that constitutes a role model for students and contributes to the habits they adopt. In this sense, the nutritional habits of classroom teachers also constitute a significant point. This is because, when teachers have a correct and regular nutritional habit, they can instill this habit in students. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the nutritional habits of classroom teachers. The nutritional habit survey, prepared in line with this aim, was conducted with classroom teachers. In the data analysis, SPSS package software was used and percentage, frequency, standard deviation and arithmetic mean tests were conducted. According to the results of the study, a majority of the teachers stated that they did not receive nutritional training, did not have smoking or drinking habits in addition to not doing any physical activity. Approximately half of the participating teachers in the study reported that they do not have a habit of having breakfast and they skipped meals as well as reporting that the most skipped meal was the lunch. The teachers, as the reason for skipping meals, stated that they skipped meals because they could not get the chance. A majority of the participating teachers in the study also stated that they consumed less than two liters of waters in a day and they consumed less than five or six cups of tea or coffee in a day. As a result of the study, it was observed that the nutritional habits of teachers and the level of their knowledge were insufficient.

Buaraştırma; fitness spor merkezlerine üye bireylerin bu spor merkezlerini tercihetme, memnuniyet ve yeterlilik düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma nitel bir çalışma olup, anketformu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadakiverilerin elde edilmesinde Tel (200l) ve Sunay& Saracaloğlu (2003) tarafından kullanılan anket bazı değişiklikleryapılarak fitness merkezlerine uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini fitnessspor merkezlerine üye olan 96 gönüllü kişiden (53 erkek ve 43 kadın)oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmadan eldeedilen veriler SPSS 22.0 istatistik programı ile analiz edilmiştir, tanımlayıcıistatistikler olarak yüzde, frekans, ortalama ve standart sapma teknikleriuygulanmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen verilere göre;katılımcıların demografik özelliklerine bakıldığında % 34,4’ünün kadın, %65,6’sının erkek, yaş ortalamasının 27,60yıl, spor yaşları ortalaması 4,28 yıl olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Katılımcıların 35,4’ünün 2001-4000 TL gelirdüzeyine sahip oldukları, % 66,7’sının evliolduğu ve büyük bir çoğunluğunun %62,5 ‘inin lisans-ön lisans mezunu eğitimdüzeyine sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların%86,5’inin bir spor merkezine üye oldukları ve %88,5’inin özel bir tesiste sporyaptıkları tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca katılımcıların %52,1’inin spor merkezlerinitercih etmede kolay ulaşım ve yaygınlığın etkili olduğunu görülmüştür. Ayrıcakatılımcıların spor yapma nedenlerine bakıldığında %46,9 unun ile fizikselsağlığımı korumak ve devam ettirmek için tercih ettikleri belirlenmiştir.Sonuç olarak; katılımcıların spor merkezlerinin kullanışlı veyeterli olduğunu ayrıca spor merkezlerini tercih etmede spor yapılan mekâna kolayulaşım ve yaygınlığın etkili olduğu belirlenirken aile, arkadaş ve çevrenin spormerkezlerini tercih etmede pek fazla etkili olmadığı belirlenmiştir.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, masa tenisi ve kort tenisi sporcularının seçilmiş bazı fiziksel ve motorik özelliklerini nicel olarak ortaya koymak ve bu değişkenler arasındaki benzerlik ve farklılıkların nedenlerini alanyazın (literatür) çerçevesinde temellendirip, konuya ilişkin çıkarımlar yapmaktır. Araştırmanın evrenini, Fırat üniversitesinde kort tenisi ve masa tenisi oynayan öğrenciler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklem grubunu ise kort tenisi (20 kişi) ve masa tenisi (20 kişi) oynayan toplam 40 erkek öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 22.0 paket program kullanılarak yapılmıştır, tanımlayıcı istatistikler olarak yüzde, frekans, ortalama ve standart sapma teknikleri, gruplar arasındaki farklılıkları belirlemek için Independent-Samples T testi uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre; tenisçilerin bacak kuvvetleri 117,93±10,14 kg, masa tenisçilerin bacak kuvvetleri 111,52±9,80 kg bulunmuştur (p0.05). Tenisçilerin 30 metre sürat ortalaması 4,51±0,20 sn, masa tenisçilerin ise 4,50±0,14 sn olarak tespit edilmiştir. (p>0.05). Sonuç olarak; karşılaştırılan sporcu öğrencilerin branşları gerek oyun alanlarının büyüklüğü, gerek bu branşlardaki oyun ile maç süresi ve gerekse kullanılan materyallere bağlı olarak fiziksel ve motorsal özellikleri farklı derecede etkilediği görülmüştür.Anahtar Kelimeler: Raket sporları, tenis, masa tenisi, motorik özellikler, fiziksel parametreler The purpose of study is to quantitatively establish certain selected physical and motor characteristics of table tennis and court tennis players and draw inferences on the subject by basing the reasons for similarities and differences between such variables within the scope of literature. Population of the study consisted of students who play court tennis and table tennis at Fırat University. Sample group of the study consisted of a total of 40 male students who play court tennis (20 persons) and table tennis (20 persons). SPSS 22.0 software package was used in the data analysis, percentage, frequency, average and standard deviation techniques were used as descriptive statistics, and Independent-Samples T was applied to identify the differences between the groups.The findings showed that leg strength of court tennis players was 117,93±10,14 kg, and leg strength of table tennis players was 111,52±9,80 kg (p0.05). 30-meter speed average of court tennis players was found 4,51±0,20 sec., while table tennis players had a 30-meter speed average of 4,50±0,14 sec.(p>0.05).In conclusion, disciplines of compared athlete students affect physical and motor characteristics at a different level based on the size of playing field, games in said disciplines, duration of games as well as the materials used in these games.Keywords: Racket sports, tennis, table tennis, motor characteristics, physical parameters 75

Bu araştırmanın amacı doktorların boş zaman etkinliğine katılma oranlarını ve sıklıklarını belirlemektir. Araştırmaya Elazığ ilinde görev yapan 893 doktordan 123 kişiye anket uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde SPSS istatistik paket programı kullanılmış ve aritmetik ortamında % ve frekans uygulanılmıştır. Doktorlar, erkek, orta yaş grubunda, evli, uzman ve pratisyen ağırlıklı bir dağılım göstermektedir. Doktorların boş zaman etkinliklerine katılma sıklıklarına bakıldığında ‘her zaman ve sıklıkla’ katılma oranı en yüksek ailem ve çocuklarımla zaman geçiririm- ilgilenirim görüş maddesine %76.4 ile katıldıkları belirlenmiştir. Doktorların kitap dergi, gazete okuma oranı %46.3 sıklıkla yaptıkları bir etkinlik olarak belirlenmiştir. ‘Sıklıkla’ yapılan faaliyetler ise televizyon izleme, arkadaşlarla sohbet etme- gezme ve internet kullanma da sıklıkla yapılan faaliyetler arasındadır. Doktorların ‘ara sıra’ yaptıkları faaliyetler ise müzik dinlemek, hiçbir şey yapmamak-dinlenmek, sosyal ve kültürel faaliyetlere katılmak, spor yapmak, çarşı Pazar gezmek gibi maddeler olarak sıralanmıştır. Doktorların ‘nadiren’ yaptıkları faaliyetler ise sinema ve tiyatroya gitme, fuar-piknik- park alanlarını gezme, olarak sıralanmıştır. Doktorların oran olarak en yüksek ‘hiç katılmadıkları’ faaliyetler bar, gazino, birahane gibi yerlere gitmek, kahvehaneye gitme, hobilerimle ilgilenme, bahçe-tamir işleri ile ilgilenme işleri olarak belirlenmiştir. Doktorların genel olarak boş zaman etkinliklerini bireysel, toplumsal olarak etkili ve faydalı aktivitelerle değerlendirdikleri belirlenmiştir., Bu araştırmanın amacı doktorların boş zaman etkinliğine katılma oranlarını ve sıklıklarını belirlemektir. Araştırmaya Elazığ ilinde görev yapan 893 doktordan 123 kişiye anket uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde SPSS istatistik paket programı kullanılmış ve aritmetik ortamında % ve frekans uygulanılmıştır. Doktorlar, erkek, orta yaş grubunda, evli, uzman ve pratisyen ağırlıklı bir dağılım göstermektedir. Doktorların boş zaman etkinliklerine katılma sıklıklarına bakıldığında ‘her zaman ve sıklıkla’ katılma oranı en yüksek ailem ve çocuklarımla zaman geçiririm- ilgilenirim görüş maddesine %76.4 ile katıldıkları belirlenmiştir. Doktorların kitap dergi, gazete okuma oranı %46.3 sıklıkla yaptıkları bir etkinlik olarak belirlenmiştir. ‘Sıklıkla’ yapılan faaliyetler ise televizyon izleme, arkadaşlarla sohbet etme- gezme ve internet kullanma da sıklıkla yapılan faaliyetler arasındadır. Doktorların ‘ara sıra’ yaptıkları faaliyetler ise müzik dinlemek, hiçbir şey yapmamakdinlenmek, sosyal ve kültürel faaliyetlere katılmak, spor yapmak, çarşı Pazar gezmek gibi maddeler olarak sıralanmıştır. Doktorların ‘nadiren’ yaptıkları faaliyetler ise sinema ve tiyatroya gitme, fuar-piknik- park alanlarını gezme, olarak sıralanmıştır. Doktorların oran olarak en yüksek ‘hiç katılmadıkları’ faaliyetler bar, gazino, birahane gibi yerlere gitmek, kahvehaneye gitme, hobilerimle ilgilenme, bahçe-tamir işleri ile ilgilenme işleri olarak belirlenmiştir. Doktorların genel olarak boş zaman etkinliklerini bireysel, toplumsal olarak etkili ve faydalı aktivitelerle değerlendirdikleri belirlenmiştir

Bu gün için Türkiye'nin en önemli önceliği Avrupa Birliği'ne tam üye olmak veüyelik sürecinde değisimler gerçeklestirmektir. Bu değisimler ise sadece teorik anlamdave kâğıt üzerinde kalmamalıdır. Bu değisim ve değisikliklerin bizzat hayata geçirilmesiise her seyden daha önemlidir. Tam üyelik sürecinde değisiklikleri hayata geçirmesigereken en önemli kurumların basında Emniyet Teskilatı gelmektedir.?Avrupa Birliği'ne Uyum Sürecinde Türk Polis Teskilatında Yapısal ve ZihinselDönüsüm? adı altında kaynak ve literatür taraması ve Veri Toplama YöntemlerindenMülakat metodu kullanarak hazırlanan bu doktora tezinin temel amacı, EmniyetTeskilatının uyum sürecinde yapısal olarak düzenlemeleri ve değisimlerigerçeklestirdiğini fakat zihinsel dönüsümü tam olarak sağlayamadığını ortayakoymaktır. Bu süreç incelenirken arastıracağımız temel konu; Türkiye'de Polis teskilatıyapısal olarak değisiyor fakat zihinsel olarak neden değismekte zorlanmaktadır, sorusumülakatta sorulacaktır.Uyum sürecinde yapılan düzenlemelerin çok boyutlu ve çok hızlı yapılması,uygulama zorluğunu da beraberinde getirmektedir. Ortaya çıkacak her yeni durum,uygulamada görevli personelin kafasını biraz daha karıstıracaktır. Bu süreçte Türkpolisinin bu değisimleri çok iyi kavraması ve zihinsel olarak da bu değisimleri kabuletmesi gerekmektedir.Emniyet Teskilatı zihinsel olarak da Avrupa Birliği'ne kendini hazırlamalıdır. Buhazırlık sürecinde Avrupa Birliği değerlerinin önemi çok büyük olacaktır. Değisimkonusundaki amaç öğrenildikten sonra ise, uygulamada çalısan personelin bu amaçlarıkendisine nasıl mal etmesi, zihinsel olarak bu değisimlere kendisini nasıl hazırlamasıgerektiği ve nasıl kavusabileceğini incelemek tezin son bölümünde ele alınmıstır. At the present day, Turkey?s most important priorities are to perform changes atthe European Union full membership process and to get full membership to theEuropean Union. These changes should not be just on the theoretical framework andpaper. Putting these changes and alterations into effect is more important than anythingis. At the European Union full membership process, Turkish Law Enforcement agency isone of the leading institutions that should put into effect these changes.The main purpose of this doctoral thesis that is named as ?The structural andmental transformation of Turkish Law Enforcement agency at the European Union fullmembership process? is to present which structurally legal arrangements and changesTurkish Law Enforcement has carried out.During the adaptation process, doing multidimensional and very fast arrangementsbrings along difficulty of application. For every detected new situation, the officer whois responsible for the situation will get confused. At this adaptation process, Turkishpolice should comprehend and mentally accept these changes very well.Turkish law enforcement should also be mentally ready for the European Union.During this mental preparation period, European Union values will have an importantrole. After learning the aims and goals of the changes, how these aims and goals will beadopted by the working officers, how the working officers will be mentally ready for thechanges are investigated and studied at the last chapter of the thesis. 271

The aim of prep investigation is preparing the last investigation coining after the prep investigation in the scheme of judgement as a different view is making it (last investigation) better, quiker and assuredly.Thc saying of aim like this isn't meaning of the prep investigation is passing to the last, investigation. It can be understood in the prep investigation as well it will be given up the last investigation and judgement will end in the prep investigation. In the last investigasiton, for using tune and labour reasonably it is just given to the court declaration, documents, signal, which can be teal proof. Prep investigation picks aside this real proof. First reason needing the prep investigation is for reducing the occupation of court and to pick aside things that saving the bodies from wrong assertion and the prep investigation must clearly determine the asserter and asserted. Maybe the first (prep) investigation shows that there is no need for the last investigation and the judgement procedure may end. This end will reduce the court occupation and preserve asserted person from the public's wrong thougt which make him shy and difficuilties naming as an offender. Prep investigation is a phase of judgement. As other saying prep investigation is a judgement activitiy is containing defency.assertment and judgement activities. Public prosecuters's investigation. prep investigation is to response the two needs.lt is understood that if there is need for the court and the occupancies of judge is reducing, Searching the clues that will luminiate the crime the.there is an activity of inspecting. For that reason the public prosecutor may make the police interesting in inspecting. This position is accepting for solving the crime event. Our laws attitude is like that but there is not enough law how the police do this. The activity taking expression of police docs by the order of public prosecutor. Our law taking that cxplaination can be done by police just the time is delay will become danger. At the near time the increasing of crime is big that today some crimes with it's all searching and concluding as well all investing procedures arc given to the police. At the top of the elements of prep investigation the office of prosecutor comes first. As a rule the duty of the public prosecutor is to manage the investigation and to go to a conclusion.Getting information and inspecting which is the theme of prep investigation needs special technical methods and it is the job of police. because of taht reason the criminal. Police is one of the main elements of prep investigation. Public prosecutor's managing the investigation which is performed by police in fact is on tch document. Public prosccutersgive the duty to police and at the and of investigation they go to an conclusion. The meaning of being inspecting the proofs and the source of the proofs is search for the proofs and this is also police's duly. The laws has given this duty to police. When police is avare from the crime they will take the necessary measures for the proofs not spoiling. Inspecting crimes is the duty or police but this is not a diffuculty for the public prosecuter's inspecting crimes personally. According to the law- numbered 3005,nt serios incidents police only lake the neccesseray measures for protecting the proofs of crime but at the other incidents police is charged with getting the proofs and evidences and at the same day bringing tehm to the office of prosecutor. The person's who arc victim, suspicious and informer concerned with teh invest igation, expressing what they know.scc and hear is called `explanation` The scientific researches which were made with tch people who had seen or heard an incident is old as this book which has written at IS 12, The authority of police' s getting explanation. At the prep investigation one of the offices that has serios responsibilities is police. Police is the organization that prevents the infraction of the laws and brings the persons who infringe the laws to the office of prosecutor with the proofs to be able to be punished. However the public prosecutor can make the investigation prosedures personally about the crime he can get the job done to tch police(CMUK 1 54) When we consider the rapid increasing of criminals.especially nowadays it can be easily understanded that the pubic prosecutor can't investigate all teh suspicious events personally. But police is checked by the prosccuter at this activities. Because of the police is being the office which perform the procedure during the prep investigation police is the investigation organ which faces to insidents first. With tch beginnig of the resarches belonging to the crime and also with the begining of the prep investigation police is putting the job in an order is needed in this stage. At the prep investigation,if accusing someone of a crime is necessary or not will be invcstigatcd.Making an elimination saves the effort and time of public prosecutors. Who don't attend79 the investigation personally. In accordance with the law numbered 3842 and the paragraph 154/2 CMUK,all the police forces arc charged with informing the public prosecuture immediately about the incident which they face, the persons who they seize and the measures which they take. And they arc also charged with fulfilling the orders, concerning the court system,of tch public prosecutors. Public prosecutors give the orders written. But at the urgent conditions they can also give oral orders. When they give an oral orders they inform «lie superior of the police. It is considered that police forces would make avaliable the seized persons, tch witnesses of the incident and the documents of the investigation at the date and place which is stated. Besides this, at some crimes the duty of investigation involves a technical position and needs detectives. During the prep investigation the expressions.the documents and the tracks about the committed crime will be investigated and tried to find out. At this time judicial police tries to get the thing which can be proof. All the police forces make their judicial duties in the name of public prosecutor. At the prep investigation the real and main responsable is the public prosccutcr. Someone's being siezed and being taken under custody without giving information to the public prosccuter would accused police office is of torturing. Because of thet reason the paragraph 154 was changed and so the public prosccuters domination has increased. In practice.the office of the prosccuter usually gives the duties concerning police to the pol ice departments and police soldier commands. At the prep investigation.the authority of going to a conclution belongs to tch public procecutcer.In the practice the public prosecutors manage all the prep investigation personally. But because of their being so busy they give the work of performing the investigation to police. Besides this position and needs detectives. During the prep investigation ıch expressions,thje documents and the tracks about the committed crime will be investigated and tired to find out. At this time the judical police tries to get the things which can be proof. At the most of the incidents public prosccuter get the information about existing a doubl of crime and being investigated about it. after that police has finished the investigation. Because of (lint reason.it can be said that almost all of the prep investigation is managed by police forces. So that reason it obliges that police must be educated better about legal and professional subjects. Only in this way the right of the persons who face to police can be protected. But the position and the facilities of police is not suitable for (his. This feat which is created by the practice conditions obliges establishing an organization which has all necassary technical equipment; Is expert about criminals.interrogating and finding proofs and ıch most importand of all is respectful to the human rights. It is `crime police`. While policve interrogate someone ask questions based on cither the authority of preventing or the atministrative authority. Besides this there can be intelligance which is the passing step of the two duties. Police's taking the expressions is not a kind of listening the witnesses and besides this it is not interrogating the criminal. Like selekting the 7 stones in a rice sack. Police will ask questions to everyone then select the important one. The aim is finding a clue and follwing this clue. Police can ask the necessary informaition from all kind of instituious at the sub jet is which arc the duty of police. There is an obligasion about replying questions correctly an cornplctly. During the investigasions police can call the persons that police need their expressions and ask them necessary things.(PVSK/15) Police's authority of getting expressions stems from cither administrative investigasion or judical invcstigasion.Thc persons who will be taken expressions by police arc thcsc;thc victim. Ihc complainant, the informcr.thc witnesses, the distrustful >crson and the other persons who arc necessary for their expressions. The date must be declared to the persons who arc called by police previously, if the person has an appropriate excuse, his excuse should be accepted. Firstly police will identify the person and police won't use forcclf police need get the expressions more than one person they won't bee all together. Police don't gel cxprcssons only at the police stations. However much it is being undcrslantlcd from PVSK like this police cany on his activities out of the station.it is said: `get expressions` to this activity which is done at the place where the crime is the eommitcd and at out of the police station. Polices are suspicious and apart from the soccity. Hccausc of that reasons they think every person who lias a relation with the crime as a criuiinalMosi of the time even the victim is one of Ihc criminals for police. When police interrogate the person who they suspect, they try o get a confession from that person. When we analyse the police culture we realise that police can make tricks to be able to be more active.80 Getting expression is a way for finding the truths. Police's being suspicious, being far from (lie soccity and making tricks can transform the job of gelling expression into the effort of getting confessions. Because of that reason this way must be used carefully. The job of getting expression generally occurs at the pllace where police has authority because of that there can be same presses both physically and spiritually to the accused. At the judgement of the officials (he first investigation is done by the administration. Here an investigator is charged and he gets the expression. Like this positions the investigator should be the superrior and the dispute inside the institution should be thought. If (he person who is invited the police station,is accused or has the right of refusing being a witness.before getting his/her has sould be and taught. The accused has the right of being silent. this obligation is useful for the accused's learning (he rights which he has. Wiht the change taht made in 1961 at this law before the person who faces the police first as accused being gotten his expression sholud be informed about the reason of sizing having the right of being silent and being able to negtliate with a lawyer every step of the investigation. tins has become an obligation. During the expression the forbidden methods is not used. 89