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Copyright of Boletín Médico del Hospital Infantil de México is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Pediatrica de Mexico is the property of Instituto Nacional de Pediatria (INP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Transesophageal echocardiography has advantages over transthoracic technique in defining morphology of atrial structures. Even though real time three-dimensional echocardiographic imaging is a reality, the off-line reconstruction technique usually allows to obtain higher spatial resolution images. The purpose of this study was to explore the accuracy of off-line three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography in a spectrum of atrial septal defects by comparing them with representative anatomic specimens.

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This is the report of a four-month-old female infant, who presented in the emergency department with a history of polypnea and cyanosis; the diagnosis was complete atrioventricular septal defect and cor triatriatum, an extremely rare association in the pediatric population. There are some reported cases in the literature; however, a significant proportion were diagnosed on cardiac catheterization or postmortem because a late diagnosis could be complicated by pulmonary hypertension. In this case, the rapid diagnosis led to a successful surgical treatment without complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background. Currently used methods for assessment of myocardial damage in patients treated with anthracyclines are deficient in detecting mild myocardial damage. Troponin I is part of the protein contractile machinery in the myofibril and is used as a specific biomarker of myocardial damage. The aim of the study was to compare troponin I levels in patients with prior anthracycline use after a new cycle of chemotherapy. Methods. We included patients aged from 9 to 18 years who were diagnosed with cancer and were being treated with anthracyclines at the Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez. We analyzed serum troponin I prior to and after the new cycle of chemotherapy and compared the results, always in a blinded manner. Results. The mean cumulative dose of anthracyclines in the study population was 234 mg/m² SC for daunorubicin and 269 mg/m² SC for doxorubicin. There was no significant systolic dysfunction according to echocardiography. Impaired mobility of left ventricular walls was observed using SPECT-CT. There was no evidence of increased levels of troponin I in serum after application of a new dose of anthracyclines. Conclusions. Extensive research with mixed results has been carried out in regard to biomarkers that aid in the early diagnosis of cardiomyopathy secondary to anthracycline. Taking into account the kinetics of troponin I in myocardial damage is a critical step for evaluation. Using this premise, we did not find an increase of this biomarker in blood after myocardial damage secondary to administration of anthracyclines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archivos de Cardiología de México is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To determine the prevalence and spectrum of diseases that predispose to sudden cardiac death in Mexican children, and to identify the main early signs and symptoms that can enable the health personnel to suspect these diseases and to refer the patients to a tertiary hospital in a timely manner., Methods: Incidence, prevalence, and period prevalence, as well as early symptoms, clinical data, and follow-up were recorded on all children found with diseases that predispose to sudden cardiac death in The Children's Hospital of Mexico., Results: The study included 59 patients, with a mean age of 8 ± 5 years old, with 40 cardiomyopathies, and 19 with inherited arrhythmogenic diseases. The period prevalence was 9.5/1,000 patients/year. The most common early symptoms were dyspnoea, palpitations, and syncope. A Mendelian inheritance pattern was found in 9 cases. Three patients died of sudden cardiac death during the period of the study., Conclusion: Diseases that predispose to sudden cardiac death in children are not very well known by the general medical community. Every child with dyspnoea, palpitations and/or syncope, should be referred for the intensive search of these diseases. A complete cardiological evaluation in all members of the family is indicated., (Copyright © 2017 Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez. Publicado por Masson Doyma México S.A. All rights reserved.)

The right-side aortic arch may be associated with aberrant left subclavian artery, in some cases this artery originates from an aneurismal dilation of the aorta called Kommerell's diverticulum. A report is presented on 2 cases of vascular ring formed by a right-side aortic arch, anomalous left subclavian artery, Kommerell's diverticulum and left patent ductus arteriosus. A review the literature was also performed as regards the embryological development and the imaging methods used to help in the diagnosis of this rare vascular anomaly., (Copyright © 2017 Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez. Publicado por Masson Doyma México S.A. All rights reserved.)

The use of prenatal ultrasonography has improve the detection of fetal abnormalities, which affects the perception about the natural history and evolution of them, changing the management of the fetus and neonate. Today, it is possible to perform an early prenatal diagnosis, and be treated even intrauterine with high rates of success. Such is the case of Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation (CCAM), characterized by abnormal proliferation and dilatation of the terminal structures of the airway, generating multiple cysts of diferent sizes and locations. The CCAM can be asymptomatic until adulthood, but sometimes it is presented as an adverse perinatal outcome, manifested with ascites, hydrothorax, hydrops and hypoplasia of the affected lung. We report a case of a pregnant women, 32-year-old, diagnosed on the 18 week pregnancy by ultrasound Type 3 Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation disease. Treated with an intrauterine intervention percutaneous fetal sclerotherapy successfully.

Persistent fifth aortic arch is a rare congenital vascular anomaly, with no clinical impact, so diagnosis is usually an incidental finding occasionally associated with other congenital heart defects. We report a case of persistent fifth aortic arch associated with patent ductus arteriosus., (Copyright © 2014 Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez. Published by Masson Doyma México S.A. All rights reserved.)

The saccular or fusiform dilatation of the ductus arteriosus is called aneurysm (DAA). It is diagnosed in the second trimester during a structural ultrasound. Even though the reported incidence is 2.2%, it remains infrequent, because it is not searched routinely. The pathogenesis is uncertain, resulting from an increase on the circulating blood volume thus in the cardiac afterload, associated to a thinning of the vessel wall, for an inadequate intima development. Ductus arteriosus aneurysm can be classified according by their diameter as small (<7 mm.) and large (> or =8 mm). The smaller commonly closes spontaneously in 70% of the cases, unlike the larger one, they are associate in a greater number of complications, such as thrombosis, embolism, infection, compression effects of adjacent structures and spontaneous rupture. The absence of spontaneous closure, according to the symptoms and possible complications, a neonatal surgical closure should be considered. We report a case of a 35-year-old patient, diagnose on the 35 week pregnancy, a ductus arteriosus aneurysm by ultrasound with an image of the three vessels performed communicating, saccular dilatation of 7-8 mm. and a turbulent Doppler flow.

Introduction: Current world tendency is the detection of health problems in order to offer solution alternatives by means of the development of computarized data bases., Objective: To present the results of a computerized data base developed for the registry of pediatric cardiac surgery with the support of Asociación Mexicana de Especialistas en Cardiopatías Congénitas (AMECC, A.C.)., Material and Methods: A one-year analysis (from August 1, 2011 to July 31, 2012) of a computerized data base was performed with the support of AMECC and the participation of the most important Mexican institutions for pediatric surgical heart disease health care, particularly for the uninsured population., Results: There were 7 health institutions voluntarily incorporated to the national data base registry, and in the first year of observation, 943 surgical procedures in 880 patients and 7% re-operations (n = 63), were reported. Patients up to one-year old accounted for 38%. The most frequent types of operated congenital heart diseases were: patent ductus arteriosus (n = 96), ventricular septal defect (n = 86), tetralogy of Fallot (n = 72), atrial septal defect (n = 68), and aortic coarctation (n = 54). Elective procedures were 90%, and 62% of them were performed with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass. Overall mortality was 7.5% with the following RACHS-1 score risk distribution: 1 (n = 4.2%), 2 (n = 19.6%), 3 (n = 22.8%), 4 (n = 12.19%), 5 (n = 1.25%), 6 (n = 6.44%) and not classifiable (n = 2.9%)., Conclusions: Although this analysis gives a representative vision of the cardiovascular surgical health care for the uninsured national pediatric population, the incorporation of other health institutions to this data base may lead us to have a most realistic overview in relation to the surgical cardiovascular health care for the up to 18 year-old population.

Heart failure is one of the most prevalent diseases in industrialized countries. Up to 30% of the patients with advanced heart failure present disturbances in intra-ventricular conduction, and this produce asynchrony of ventricular contractility, leading to further deterioration in heart function. Cardiac resynchronization (TRC) is an increasingly important therapeutic option for a subgroup of patients with heart failure. Several methods have been show to be useful in study the mechanical asynchrony. However, there are discrepancies between the results of the different methods. The echocardiography provides the best parameters in predicting a good response.

The aim of this study was to describe the echocardiographic characteristics of patients with an atrioventricular criss-cross who underwent segmental cardiac morphological analysis. The study involved five patients with a criss-cross heart (0.6% of the studies). The patients' average age was 6 years and 3 months. All patients presented with situs solitus. Three had a discordant atrioventricular connection and two had a concordant connection. In addition, four patients had a ventriculoarterial connection with a double-outlet right ventricle while one had a concordant connection. Two patients had superior-inferior ventricles. Other associated lesions included ventricular septal defect in all patients, pulmonary stenosis, persistent ductus arteriosus and atrial septal defect in three, pulmonary perforation in one, and a hypoplastic aortic arch in one. In these patients, segmental analysis can be carried out satisfactorily using transthoracic echocardiography.

We report the case of an infant 3 months old with a rare association, tetralogy of Fallot with total anomalous pulmonary veins connection the diagnosis was made by echocardiography and a successful complete reparation was achieved.

Echocardiography occupies an excellent place in the field of valvular heart disease study. Its presence is being increased in the catheterism and surgery rooms as well as in the intensive cares units. The ultrasound machines development has improved its technology and echocardiographic diagnoses has a greater repercussion in clinical decisions every time. The greater challenge than appears to us is to be able to have prepared enough professionals that know the tool, the physiopathology, the therapeutics modalities, and who can apply and take advantage of the new technological developments for a better cardiological practice.

In the present publication an analysis of the utility is done of the Echocardiography, and its different modalities, in the diagnosis of patient adult with Congenital Heart disease. Special emphasis since the view 2-D to the view in 4-D.

The case of a 16-years old female patient with left atrial myxoma and cerebral embolism is reported. She was subjected to surgical excision of the mass. At 40 months of follow-up she initiates with dyspnea and an aortic murmur is detected. The transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiographic analysis revealed the presence of three tumors: in the left atrium, left and right ventricle. The myxoma of the left ventricle obstructs the aortic valve. We discuss the usefulness of bi-and three-dimensional echocardiography as initial diagnostic method.

We report the experience in the diagnosis of primary cardiac tumor during the period from 1999 to 2004, 8500 studies were revised echocardiographic carried out. We found 21 patients, 11 of female sex (55%). In 15/21 (71%), the age of presentation was less than 1 year. In 9/21 the tumor was multiple (42.8%), lodged in the ventricle right in 2/21 (9.5%), in the ventricle left 3 (14.2%), 8 in the septum interventricular (38%) and 4 compromised the auriculas. They were classified like rabdomiomas 14 (66%), 5 associates with sclerosis tuberosa, 4 mixomas (19%), 2 fibromas (9.5%) and 1 rabdomiosarcoma (4.7%). In five patients the diagnosis was prenatal. The global mortality went of 9.5%. The echocardiograpy is a good diagnosis method in our series the rabdomioma occupied the first place in frequency.

Aneurysm of the sinus of Valsalva is a rare anomaly that can be congenital or acquire. The most common among the acquire is aortic endocarditis. At the present time echocardiography has be come the election diagnostic method. We present two pediatric patients with unrupture aneurysm of the sinus of Valsalva and cardiac failure secondary to a acute aortic insufficiency manifestations. Transthoracic and transesophageal bidimensional images were compared, in one of them also three-dimensional image. Assessing the quality of images, localization and anatomical morphology of aneurysm, obstruction or compression and presence of associated defects. The usefulness of the three dimensional echocardiography assessment for these congenital malformations is demonstrated.

The utilization of intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) is a recent alternative in the control of procedures in the Cath Lab. In this paper we presents the results of a pilot study, in 10 patients submitted to total correction of its congenital heart disease, in who the analysis of the surgical results was done in base to the application of intracardiac echocardiography in operations room. In all the patients it was possible to obtain adequate images with ICE, there was a case false negative, a Total anomalous return Pulmonary Veins, in whom there not indentified a obstruction in right pulmonary veins flow. We conclude that ICE is a good alternative in the evaluation of surgical results.

The present publication presented the paper of the echocardiography in the evaluation of the newborn, for the purpose of analyzing in a general way the multiple illness that indicate its application in the patient on the united of intensive therapy neonatal.

Primary heart tumors are not very common, frequent ones during childhood are the rhabdomyomas. This diagnostic can be made since fetal life. Evolution variates, in some cases there are no symptoms and the diagnostic represents an echocardiographic finding, other cases are detected associated with tuberous sclerosis and a small group express by arrhythmias or low output. Because of the strange of this presentation this case is presented.