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2. Spatial and temporal heterogeneity in human mobility patterns in Holocene Southwest Asia and the East Mediterranean

Author

Koptekin, Dilek, Yuncu, Eren, Rodriguez-Varela, Ricardo, Altinisxik, N. Ezgi, Psonis, Nikolaos, Kashuba, Natalija, Yorulmaz, Sevgi, George, Robert, Kazanci, Duygu Deniz, Kaptan, Damla, Gurun, Kanat, Vural, Kivilcim Basxak, Gemici, Hasan Can, Vassou, Despoina, Daskalaki, Evangelia, Karamurat, Cansu, Lagerholm, Vendela K., Erdal, Omur Dilek, Kirdoek, Emrah, Marangoni, Aurelio, Schachner, Andreas, Ustundag, Handan, Shengelia, Ramaz, Bitadze, Liana, Elashvili, Mikheil, Stravopodi, Eleni, Ozbasxaran, Mihriban, Duru, Ganesx, Nafplioti, Argyro, Rose, C. Brian, Gencer, Tugba, Darbyshire, Gareth, Gavashelishvili, Alexander, Pitskhelauri, Konstantine, Cevik, Ozlem, Vurusxkan, Osman, Kyparissi-Apostolika, Nina, Bayakkarakaya, Ali Metin, Oguzhanoglu, Umay, Gunel, Sevinc, Tabakaki, Eugenia, Aliev, Akper, Ibrahimov, Anar, Shadlinski, Vaqif, Sampson, Adamantios, Kilinc, Gulsah Merve, Atakuman, Cigdem, Stamatakis, Alexandros, Poulakakis, Nikos, Erdal, Yilmaz Selim, Pavlidis, Pavlos, Stora, Jan, Ozer, Fasun, Goetherstroem, Anders, Somel, Mehmet, Koptekin, Dilek, Yuncu, Eren, Rodriguez-Varela, Ricardo, Altinisxik, N. Ezgi, Psonis, Nikolaos, Kashuba, Natalija, Yorulmaz, Sevgi, George, Robert, Kazanci, Duygu Deniz, Kaptan, Damla, Gurun, Kanat, Vural, Kivilcim Basxak, Gemici, Hasan Can, Vassou, Despoina, Daskalaki, Evangelia, Karamurat, Cansu, Lagerholm, Vendela K., Erdal, Omur Dilek, Kirdoek, Emrah, Marangoni, Aurelio, Schachner, Andreas, Ustundag, Handan, Shengelia, Ramaz, Bitadze, Liana, Elashvili, Mikheil, Stravopodi, Eleni, Ozbasxaran, Mihriban, Duru, Ganesx, Nafplioti, Argyro, Rose, C. Brian, Gencer, Tugba, Darbyshire, Gareth, Gavashelishvili, Alexander, Pitskhelauri, Konstantine, Cevik, Ozlem, Vurusxkan, Osman, Kyparissi-Apostolika, Nina, Bayakkarakaya, Ali Metin, Oguzhanoglu, Umay, Gunel, Sevinc, Tabakaki, Eugenia, Aliev, Akper, Ibrahimov, Anar, Shadlinski, Vaqif, Sampson, Adamantios, Kilinc, Gulsah Merve, Atakuman, Cigdem, Stamatakis, Alexandros, Poulakakis, Nikos, Erdal, Yilmaz Selim, Pavlidis, Pavlos, Stora, Jan, Ozer, Fasun, Goetherstroem, Anders, and Somel, Mehmet

Abstract

We present a spatiotemporal picture of human genetic diversity in Anatolia, Iran, Levant, South Caucasus, and the Aegean, a broad region that experienced the earliest Neolithic transition and the emergence of com-plex hierarchical societies. Combining 35 new ancient shotgun genomes with 382 ancient and 23 present-day published genomes, we found that genetic diversity within each region steadily increased through the Holo-cene. We further observed that the inferred sources of gene flow shifted in time. In the first half of the Holo-cene, Southwest Asian and the East Mediterranean populations homogenized among themselves. Starting with the Bronze Age, however, regional populations diverged from each other, most likely driven by gene flow from external sources, which we term "the expanding mobility model."Interestingly, this increase in in-ter-regional divergence can be captured by outgroup-f3-based genetic distances, but not by the commonly used FST statistic, due to the sensitivity of FST, but not outgroup-f3, to within-population diversity. Finally, we report a temporal trend of increasing male bias in admixture events through the Holocene.

Published
2023
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3. A genomic snapshot of demographic and cultural dynamism in Upper Mesopotamia during the Neolithic Transition

Author

Altinisik, N. Ezgi, primary, Kazanci, Duygu Deniz, additional, Aydogan, Ayca, additional, Gemici, Hasan Can, additional, Erdal, Omur Dilek, additional, Sarialtun, Savas, additional, Vural, Kivilcim Basak, additional, Koptekin, Dilek, additional, Gurun, Kanat, additional, Saglican, Ekin, additional, Cakan, Gokhan, additional, Koruyucu, Meliha Melis, additional, Lagerholm, Vendela Kempe, additional, Karamurat, Cansu, additional, Ozkan, Mustafa, additional, Klinc, Gulsah Merve, additional, Sevkar, Arda, additional, Surer, Elif, additional, Gotherstrom, Anders, additional, Atakuman, Cigdem, additional, Erdal, Yilmaz Selim, additional, Ozer, Fusun, additional, Erim-Ozdogan, Asli, additional, and Somel, Mehmet, additional

Published
2022
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4. Variable Kinship Patterns In Neolithic Anatolia Revealed By Ancient Genomes

Author

Yaka, Reyhan, Mapelli, Igor, Kaptan, Damla, Dogu, Ayca, Chylenski, Maciej, Erdal, Omur Dilek, Koptekin, Dilek, Vural, Kivilcim Basak, Bayliss, Alex, Mazzucato, Camilla, Fer, Evrim, Cokoglu, Sevim Seda, Lagerholm, Vendela Kempe, Krzewinska, Maja, Karamurat, Cansu, Gemici, Hasan Can, Sevkar, Arda, Dagtas, Nihan Dilsad, Kilinc, Gulsah Merve, and Adams, Donovan

Abstract

The social organization of the first fully sedentary societies that emerged during the Neolithic period in Southwest Asia remains enigmatic,(1) mainly because material culture studies provide limited insight into this issue. However, because Neolithic Anatolian communities often buried their dead beneath domestic buildings,(2) household composition and social structure can be studied through these human remains. Here, we describe genetic relatedness among co-burials associated with domestic buildings in Neolithic Anatolia using 59 ancient genomes, including 22 new genomes from Asxikli Hoyuk and Catalhoyuk. We infer pedigree relationships by simultaneously analyzing multiple types of information, including autosomal and X chromosome kinship coefficients, maternal markers, and radiocarbon dating. In two early Neolithic villages dating to the 9th and 8th millennia BCE, Asxikli Hoyuk and Boncuklu, we discover that siblings and parent-offspring pairings were frequent within domestic structures, which provides the first direct indication of close genetic relationships among co-burials. In contrast, in the 7th millennium BCE sites of Catalhoyuk and Barcin, where we study subadults interred within and around houses, we find close genetic relatives to be rare. Hence, genetic relatedness may not have played a major role in the choice of burial location at these latter two sites, at least for subadults. This supports the hypothesis that in Catalhoyuk,(3-5) and possibly in some other Neolithic communities, domestic structures may have served as burial location for social units incorporating biologically unrelated individuals. Our results underscore the diversity of kin structures in Neolithic communities during this important phase of sociocultural development.

Published
2021

5. Mobility in Neolithic Central Anatolia : A Comparison of Dental Morphometrics and aDNA

Author

Pilloud, Marin A., Somel, Mehmet, Haddow, Scott D., Knusel, Christopher J., Larsen, Clark Spencer, Ozbasaran, Mihriban, Erdal, Omur Dilek, Baird, Douglas, Pearson, Jessica, Gotherstrom, Anders, Stora, Jan, Jakobsson, Mattias, Kilinc, Gulsah Merve, Ozer, Fusun, Koptekin, Dilek, Dagtas, Nihan Dilsad, Pilloud, Marin A., Somel, Mehmet, Haddow, Scott D., Knusel, Christopher J., Larsen, Clark Spencer, Ozbasaran, Mihriban, Erdal, Omur Dilek, Baird, Douglas, Pearson, Jessica, Gotherstrom, Anders, Stora, Jan, Jakobsson, Mattias, Kilinc, Gulsah Merve, Ozer, Fusun, Koptekin, Dilek, and Dagtas, Nihan Dilsad

Published
2017
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