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WOS: 000345372800015, PubMed: 25129247, Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of dexketoprofen trometamol (DT) and paracetamol on deep acute somatic pain and inflammation in patients undergoing impacted third molar surgery. This study was planned to present benefits that we could obtain with low burden of drug. Study Design: Effects of drugs, which were administered preemptively before the procedure, on pain, mouth-opening limitation, and swelling were assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and mouth-opening measurement. Following surgery, time intervals when the patients first need to receive the drug were measured. Results: The VAS scores of the patients were lower in the side treated with DT than that in the paracetamol treated side. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of mouth-opening limitation. MRI recordings revealed that swelling was lower in the side treated with paracetamol than DT treated side. Conclusions: Administration of the drugs before surgery contributed to the postoperative patient comfort. The analgesic activity of 12.5 mg dose of DT was similar to, even better than, the analgesic activity of 500 mg dose of paracetamol; however, DT had insufficient anti-inflammatory efficacy.

Three experimental groups of 20 patients each, all of whom were to undergo fixed orthodontic treatment, were enrolled in this prospective study. Group 1 was given a placebo, group 2 was given 400 mg ibuprofen, and group 3 was given 550 mg naproxen sodium. All the patients received only one dose that was given one hour before archwire placement. All patients were asked to complete a questionnaire concerning the pain perceived after archwire placement. The questionnaire was in the form of a seven-page booklet that contained 100-mm horizontal Visual Analogue Scale on which the patient marked the degree of discomfort at the indicated time periods. The patients were instructed to make a check on the scale at each time interval to represent the perceived severity of pain during each of four activities, ie, chewing, biting, fitting back teeth together, and fitting front teeth together. Incidence and severity of pain were recorded by the patient at two hours, six hours, nighttime on the day of appointment, 24 hours after the appointment, and two days, three days, and seven days after bonding. The results revealed that patients taking 550 mg naproxen sodium one hour before archwire placement had significantly lower levels of pain at two hours, six hours, and nighttime after adjustment than patients taking placebo or ibuprofen. However, the use of additional postoperative doses was recommended to control orthodontic pain completely.

The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of low-dose amitriptyline in patients with atypical facial pain for one-year follow-ups.Sixteen patients, ten females and six males, ranging in age from 15 to 77 years (mean 46.6 +/- 15.95 years), participated in the study. The onset, duration and temporal pattern of pain, events related to pain, drugs used before treatment and side effects of amitriptyline were recorded. The severity of pain was evaluated by using the visual analogue scale (VAS). Patients were followed for up to 12 months.The results showed that the onset of pain was related to dental pain in half of patients; and 10 patients had continuous pain. The mean VAS scores for pretreatment, post treatment, and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months were 9.6, 4.8, 2, 0.8, 0.3 respectively. In 12 patients, pain was reduced at the first month (p0.05). All patients, except one, were pain-free at 12 months. It was statistically significant in achieving pain relief for 12 months (p0.05). The common side effects of the drug were dry mouth and drowsiness.Data obtained from this study suggested that amitriptyline may be preferred in patients with atypical facial pain for rapid, satisfying analgesic effects. Long-term follow-up should be conducted to determine the analgesic effects and to prevent recurrence, even if the analgesic effect occurs in a short time.

In this study, embryotoxic effects of five commercially available dental alloys were investigated by using fertilized hens' eggs. One sample of each alloy was conditioned in one of the conditioning media, physiological saline (PS), 0.1 M phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4), and 0.1 M protein (3% bovine serum albumin, BSA) containing PBS (pH 6.8), respectively. The test solutions were injected into the fertilized hen's eggs via air sac at the beginning of the incubation. Various concentrations of a highly embryotoxic substance, AFB1, was also used as positive control test material. Mortality of the AFB1 treatment groups increased with increasing concentrations of AFB1 and the mortality values were significantly (p0.05) higher than those of the controls and eluent injected groups. The eluents of five commercially available dental alloys tested in the study did not have significant embryotoxic effects. Cu- and Pd-containing alloys displayed relatively high but statistically insignificant embryotoxic effects. Chick embryo might be used in determination of the embryotoxic effects of the dental alloys with its several advantages. Nevertheless, the test should be further standardized and new methods such as micronucleus test showing possible genotoxic effects of the materials should be used.

Displacement of impacted third molars is frequently mentioned in oral and maxillofacial surgery textbooks, but rarely reported. However, should this complication arise in general practice, the clinician should not embark on potentially complicated and hazardous surgical procedures to retrieve the displaced tooth. Administration of prophylactic broad spectrum antibiotics and urgent referral to an oral and maxillofacial surgeon, is recommended.

This article evaluates the usage of distraction osteogenesis (DO) in the treatment of cleft alveoli. The procedure was carried out on eight alveolar clefts of five patients between the ages of 17 and 25 years. Three patients had bilateral alveolar clefts (BAC) and two patients had unilateral alveolar clefts (UAC). DO was carried out bilateral to the palatal segments for the BAC patients and unilateral to the lesser segment for the UAC patients. A custom-made tooth-borne distractor was used. The average amount of distraction was eight mm (range, 5-11.5 mm). The average amount of distal movement of the anchorage teeth was 0.8 mm (range, 0-2 mm). The average amount of inclination changes of the transport segments and anchorage teeth was 7.6 degrees (range, 2-17.5 degrees) and 3.3 degrees (range, 0-9 degrees), respectively. Two important problems were observed attributable to the method. First, the transport segment was docked in a more superior position at the end of distraction process. This undesirable movement also changed the inclination of the teeth in the transport segment and increased tooth tipping. Removing the device in the second week of the consolidation period and retracting the segment to its ideal position orthodontically solved these problems. Second, the bony defect on the nasal side of the alveolar cleft could not be completely closed. This method for repairing small or large alveolar clefts is a simple, cost-effective, and useful treatment option. However, repairing the alveolar cleft without grafts seems to be impossible when using a tooth-borne device.

The aim of this study was to determine interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels and neutrophil elastase (NE) activity in peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) of smoker and nonsmoker patients, and to investigate their relationships with clinical parameters. A total of 42 endosseous root-form dental implants of 14 patients were clinically examined by modified Plaque index (PI), modified Gingival index (GI) and probing depth (PD). Smoking habits of the patients were recorded. PICF of implants were collected by Periopaper strips and IL-1beta, TNF-alpha levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). NE was analyzed with a neutrophil specific chromogenic substrate, N-methoxysuccinyl-Ala-Ala-Pro-Val-p-nitroanilide. The cytokine and enzyme levels in PICF were expressed as total amount/activity and as concentrations. NE activity in PICF significantly correlated with GI and PD, and IL-1beta levels with GI and PICF volume (P0.05). The correlations were stronger when the PICF levels were expressed as total IL-1beta amount and as total NE activity. The implants with inflamed gingiva (GI1) had higher levels of IL-1beta and NE activity than implants with noninflamed or slightly inflamed gingiva (GIor= 1) (P0.05). Total NE activity in implants with deep pockets (PD3 mm) was greater than the implants with shallow pockets (PDor= 3 mm) (P0.05). The implants of smoker patients had significantly lower PICF NE activity and IL-1beta levels, and significantly higher TNF-alpha levels than the implants of nonsmokers (P0.05). The findings of the present study indicate that NE activity and IL-1beta levels in PICF may be used to measure implant health status of patients who do not smoke.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of low-dose amitriptyline in patients with atypical facial pain for one-year follow-ups. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixteen patients, ten females and six males, ranging in age from 15 to 77 years (mean 46.6 +/- 15.95 years), participated in the study. The onset, duration and temporal pattern of pain, events related to pain, drugs used before treatment and side effects of amitriptyline were recorded. The severity of pain was evaluated by using the visual analogue scale (VAS). Patients were followed for up to 12 months. RESULTS: The results showed that the onset of pain was related to dental pain in half of patients; and 10 patients had continuous pain. The mean VAS scores for pretreatment, post treatment, and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months were 9.6, 4.8, 2, 0.8, 0.3 respectively. In 12 patients, pain was reduced at the first month (p

WOS: 000231793000014, PubMed: 16279825, Three experimental groups of 20 patients each, all of whom were to undergo fixed orthodontic treatment, were enrolled in this prospective study. Group 1 was given a placebo, group 2 was given 400 mg ibuprofen, and group 3 was given 550 mg naproxen sodium. All the patients received only one dose that was given one hour before archwire placement. All patients were asked to complete a questionnaire concerning the pain perceived after archwire placement. The questionnaire was in the form of a seven-page booklet that contained 100-mm horizontal Visual Analogue Scale on which the patient marked the degree of discomfort at the indicated time periods. The patients were instructed to make a check on the scale at each time interval to represent the perceived severity of pain during each of four activities, ie, chewing, biting, fitting back teeth together, and fitting front teeth together. Incidence and severity of pain were recorded by the patient at two hours, six hours, nighttime on the day of appointment, 24 hours after the appointment, and two days, three days, and seven days after bonding. The results revealed that patients taking 550 mg naproxen sodium one hour before archwire placement had significantly lower levels of pain at two hours, six hours, and nighttime after adjustment than patients taking placebo or ibuprofen. However, the use of additional postoperative doses was recommended to control orthodontic pain completely.