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8. Ex Situ Left Ventricular Pressure-Volume Loop Analyses for Donor Hearts: Proof of Concept in an Ovine Experimental Model.

Author

Ertugrul, I. A., Puspitarani, R. A. D. A., Wijntjes, B., Vervoorn, M. T., Ballan, E. M., van der Kaaij, N. P., Goor, H. van, Westenbrink, B. D., van der Plaats, A., Nijhuis, F., van Suylen, V., and Erasmus, M. E.

Subjects
PROOF of concept, BRAIN death, HEART, FUNCTIONAL assessment, HEART transplantation
Abstract

Ex situ heart perfusion (ESHP) has emerged as an important strategy to preserve donation after brain death (DBD) and donation after circulatory death (DCD) donor hearts. Clinically, both DBD and DCD hearts are successfully preserved using ESHP. Viability assessment is currently based on biochemical values, while a reliable method for graft function assessment in a physiologic working mode is unavailable. As functional assessment during ESHP has demonstrated the highest predictive value of outcome post-transplantation, this is an important area for improvement. In this study, a novel method for ex situ assessment of left ventricular function with pressure-volume loop analyses is evaluated. Ovine hearts were functionally evaluated during normothermic ESHP with the novel pressure-volume loop system. This system provides an afterload and adjustable preload to the left ventricle. By increasing the preload and measuring end-systolic elastance, the system could successfully assess the left ventricular function. End-systolic elastance at 60 min and 120 min was 2.8 ± 1.8 mmHg/mL and 2.7 ± 0.7 mmHg/ mL, respectively. In this study we show a novel method for functional graft assessment with ex situ pressure-loop analyses during ESHP. When further validated, this method for pressure-volume assessments, could be used for better graft selection in both DBD and DCD donor hearts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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14. Guidelines for the Professional Development of School Principals by Means of a Mentoring System in a Developing Country.

Author

Erasmus, M. and Westhuizen, P. C. van der

Abstract

This paper provides guidelines for implementing a formal mentoring program for South African school principals. Based on a review of literature, the following steps are discussed in detail: (1) declaring intent; (2) determining the role players; (3) forming a planning committee; (4) implementing the program; and (5) evaluating the program. Benefits to the protege include increased self-confidence, improved interpersonal skills, the development of personal reflection, and application of theory to practice. Mentors gain personal growth, professional satisfaction, improved communication skills, heightened motivation, and the development of leadership skills. The appendix includes a diagram of the implementation stages. Contains 58 references. (LMI)

Published
1994

15. The Professional Development of School Principals by Means of a Mentoring System in a Developing Country.

Author

Westhuizen, P. C. van der and Erasmus, M.

Abstract

This paper examines the need for a mentoring program for school principals in developing countries where, as in South Africa, no formal structures for principal mentorships exist. Following an overview of mentoring and a review of literature, characteristics of a successful mentoring system and effective techniques for observation and feedback are described. Some essential elements include mutual responsibility, trust, long-term goals, and clear objectives. Mentors should demonstrate outstanding expertise and knowledge, enthusiasm, flexibility, and practical experience. Proteges develop self-confidence, learn to apply theory to practice, and clarify their own interpersonal styles. Mentors experience professional growth, teamwork, the development of a more stable organizational culture, and greater personal reflection. Some obstacles include time constraints, the individual-oriented climate of most educational systems, and interpersonal problems. In conclusion, a mentoring system is an essential tool for preparing principals, particularly the newly appointed principal. Contains 28 references. (LMI)

Published
1994

18. Evaluation of Biochemical indices among HIV Positive Patients with Hepatitis B and C Co-infection

Author

1*Erasmus, M. A., 2Lawson S. D., 3Nwalozie, R. M., and 2Amadi-wali O.

Abstract

1Medical Laboratory Department, Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. 2Pathology Department, Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria 3Medical Laboratory Department, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria Abstract Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are blood borne pathogens that have become global threats. Co-infection with hepatitis B or C among HIV positive patients has further exposed the patients to liver infections and osmotic imbalance which if not properly handled can lead to death. This study was aimed at investigating the effect of HBV and HCV on the biochemical indices (AST, ALT and electrolytes) among HIV positive patients from the three geopolitical zones in Rivers State. A total of three hundred and fifteen (375) persons comprising of two hundred and fifty (250) HIV positive patients from the antiretroviral (ART) clinic and one hundred and twenty-five (125) HIV negative controls from medical out-patient department (MOPD) participated in this study. Patients of both sexes and within the age bracket of (10-69) years were included, socio-demographic information was collected by the use of consent forms and questionnaires. Five millilitres (5mls) of blood sample was aseptically drawn from each participant following vein puncture and dispensed aseptically into plain and lithium heparin bottles respectively for the HBV/HCV screening, AST, ALT and electrolytes estimations. The study population comprised of 151 (40.3%) males and 224 (59.7%) females. Comparing the biochemical indices of the participants, the liver enzymes were found to be higher (p Keywords: Antiretroviral, Co-infection, Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Published
2023
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20. Pandemic’s silver lining

Author

Ferrara, Fortunato, primary, D’Angelo, Sara, additional, Erasmus, M. Frank, additional, Teixeira, André A., additional, Leal-Lopes, Camila, additional, Spector, Laura P., additional, Pohl, Tom, additional, Fanni, Adeline, additional, Cocklin, Simon, additional, and Bradbury, Andrew R. M., additional

Published
2022
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21. Simultaneous affinity maturation and developability enhancement using natural liability-free CDRs

Author

Teixeira, Andre A. R., primary, D’Angelo, Sara, additional, Erasmus, M. Frank, additional, Leal-Lopes, Camila, additional, Ferrara, Fortunato, additional, Spector, Laura P., additional, Naranjo, Leslie, additional, Molina, Esteban, additional, Max, Tamara, additional, DeAguero, Ashley, additional, Perea, Katherine, additional, Stewart, Shaun, additional, Buonpane, Rebecca A., additional, Nastri, Horacio G., additional, and Bradbury, Andrew R. M., additional

Published
2022
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28. TTV Load is Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Response in Lung Transplant Recipients

Author

Verschuuren, E. A., Hoek, R., de Vries, R. D., van Baarle, D., van der Heiden, M., van Gemert, J., Gore, E., Niesters, H. G., Erasmus, M. E., Hellemons, M. E., Scherbeijn, S., van Kessel, C. H. Geurts, Buter, C. van Leer, Groningen Institute for Organ Transplantation (GIOT), Translational Immunology Groningen (TRIGR), Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD), and Cardiovascular Centre (CVC)

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Transplantation, Surgery, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Published
2022

31. Chefs’ Visibility on the Official South African Tourism Website

Author

Andrea GIAMPICCOLI, Erasmus Mzobanzi MNGUNI, and Oliver MTAPURI

Subjects
tourism, food tourism, chefs, gastronomy, tourism destinations, internet, websites, Hospitality industry. Hotels, clubs, restaurants, etc. Food service, TX901-946.5, Business, HF5001-6182
Abstract

The objective of this study was to expound on the importance of food tourism as an important tourism sub-sector in which the figure of the chef has become an important marketing tool for destinations. Celebrity chefs enjoy worldwide renown and their image contributes to a destination’s tourism potential. A tourism website can act as the tourism window to the country by providing all the necessary travel information necessary for planning the trip. It also serves to market the country by highlighting its attractions, covering all sectors including food tourism. In terms of methodology, this article analyzes the visibility of the figure of the chef and food tourism on South African Tourism website as a secondary source of data and insights. The results show a lack of visibility of chefs (and more generally, the absence of food tourism topics) on the website. The study recommends utilizing the website to enhance and valorize the role of food tourism and especially that of chefs in the country’s tourism sector to reflect its burgeoning potential and nature as well as its new-found importance for attracting tourists to destinations. By implication, it emphasizes the fact that chefs do matter in food tourism.

Published
2024
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33. Spatial Stochastic Model of the Pre-B Cell Receptor

Author

Kerketta, Romica, Erasmus, M. Frank, Wilson, Bridget S., Halasz, Adam M., and Edwards, Jeremy S.

Abstract

Survival and proliferation of immature B lymphocytes requires expression and tonic signaling of the pre-B cell receptor (pre-BCR). This low level, ligand-independent signaling is likely achieved through frequent, but short-lived, homo interactions. Tonic signaling is also central in the pathology of precursor B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). In order to understand how repeated, transient events can lead to sustained signaling and to assess the impact of receptor accumulation induced by the membrane landscape, we developed a spatial stochastic model of receptor aggregation and downstream signaling events. Our rule- and agent-based model builds on previous mature BCR signaling models and incorporates novel parameters derived from single particle tracking of pre-BCR on surfaces of two different B-ALL cell lines, 697 and Nalm6. Live cell tracking of receptors on the two cell lines revealed characteristic differences in their dimer dissociation rates and diffusion coefficients. We report here that these differences affect pre-BCR aggregation and consequent signal initiation events. Receptors on Nalm6 cells, which have a lower off-rate and lower diffusion coefficient, more frequently form higher order oligomers than pre-BCR on 697 cells, resulting in higher levels of downstream phosphorylation in the Nalm6 cell line.

Published
2023
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37. Nematoda from the terrestrial deep subsurface of South Africa

Author

Borgonie, G., Garcia-Moyano, A., Litthauer, D., Bert, W., Bester, A., van Heerden, E., Moller, C., Erasmus, M., and Onstott, T.C.

Subjects
Life on other planets -- Research -- Physiological aspects, Nematoda -- Physiological aspects -- Research, Ecosystems -- Research -- Physiological aspects, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Since its discovery over two decades ago, the deep subsurface biosphere has been considered to be the realm of single-cell organisms, extending over three kilometres into the Earth's crust and comprising a significant fraction of the global biosphere (1-4). The constraints of temperature, energy, dioxygen and space seemed to preclude the possibility of more-complex, multicellular organisms from surviving at these depths. Here we report species of the phylum Nematoda that have been detected in or recovered from 0.9-3.6-kilometre-deep fracture water in the deep mines of South Africa but have not been detected in the mining water. These subsurface nematodes, including a new species, Halicephalobus mephisto, tolerate high temperature, reproduce asexually and preferentially feed upon subsurface bacteria. Carbon-14 data indicate that the fracture water in which the nematodes reside is 3,000-12,000-year-old palaeometeoric water. Our data suggest that nematodes should be found in other deep hypoxic settings where temperature permits, and that they may control the microbial population density by grazing on fracture surface biofilm patches. Our results expand the known metazoan biosphere and demonstrate that deep ecosystems are more complex than previously accepted. The discovery of multicellular life in the deep subsurface of the Earth also has important implications for the search for subsurface life on other planets in our Solar System., Phylum Nematoda Potts, 1932 Suborder Cephalobina Superfamily Panagrolaimidae Halicephalobus mephisto sp. nov. Etymology. Mephisto (from Mephistopheles, pseudo-Greek): 'he who loves not the light', alluding to the Devil, Lord of the [...]

Published
2011
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40. Guidelines for heart transplantation

Author

de Jonge, N., Kirkels, J. H., Klöpping, C., Lahpor, J. R., Caliskan, K., Maat, A. P. W. M., Brügemann, J., Erasmus, M. E., Klautz, R. J. M., Verwey, H. F., Oomen, A., Peels, C. H., Golüke, A. E. J., Nicastia, D., Koole, M. A. C., and Balk, A. H. M. M.

Published
2008
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43. RISK6, a 6-gene transcriptomic signature of TB disease risk, diagnosis and treatment response

Author

Penn-Nicholson, A, Mbandi, SK, Thompson, E, Mendelsohn, SC, Suliman, S, Chegou, NN, Malherbe, ST, Darboe, F, Erasmus, M, Hanekom, WA, Bilek, N, Fisher, M, Kaufmann, SHE, Winter, J, Murphy, M, Wood, R, Morrow, C, Van Rhijn, I, Moody, B, Murray, M, Andrade, BB, Sterling, TR, Sutherland, J, Naidoo, K, Padayatchi, N, Walzl, G, Hatherill, M, Zak, D, Scriba, TJ, Kafaar, F, Workman, L, Mulenga, H, Hughes, EJ, Xasa, O, Veldsman, A, Cloete, Y, Abrahams, D, Moyo, S, Gelderbloem, S, Tameris, M, Geldenhuys, H, Ehrlich, R, Verver, S, Geiter, L, Black, GF, van der Spuy, G, Stanley, K, Kriel, M, Du Plessis, N, Nene, N, Roberts, T, Kleynhans, L, Gutschmidt, A, Smith, B, Loxton, AG, Tromp, G, Tabb, D, Ottenhoff, THM, Klein, MR, Haks, MC, Franken, KLMC, Geluk, A, van Meijgaarden, KE, Joosten, SA, Boom, WH, Thiel, B, Mayanja-Kizza, H, Joloba, M, Zalwango, S, Nsereko, M, Okwera, B, Kisingo, H, Parida, SK, Golinski, R, Maertzdorf, J, Weiner, J, Jacobson, M, Dockrell, H, Smith, S, Gorak-Stolinska, P, Hur, YG, Lalor, M, Lee, JS, Crampin, AC, French, N, Ngwira, B, Ben-Smith, A, Watkins, K, Ambrose, L, Simukonda, F, Mvula, H, Chilongo, F, Saul, J, Branson, K, Mahomed, H, Downing, K, The Adolescent Cohort Study team, The GC6-74 Consortium, The SATVI Clinical and Laboratory Team, The ScreenTB Consortium, The AE-TBC Consortium, The RePORT Brazil Team, Peruvian Household Contacts Cohort Team, The CAPRISA IMPRESS team, APH - Methodology, APH - Global Health, AII - Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Global Health, AII - Infectious diseases, and Translational Immunology Groningen (TRIGR)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Male, GC6-74 Consortium, AE-TBC Consortium, lcsh:Medicine, HIV Infections, Disease, Biomarkers/metabolism, Lung/diagnostic imaging, ScreenTB Consortium, Cohort Studies, Prognostic markers, 0302 clinical medicine, Immunopathology, Peruvian Household Contacts Cohort Team, CAPRISA IMPRESS team, 030212 general & internal medicine, lcsh:Science, Lung, Subclinical infection, screening and diagnosis, RNA, Bacterial/metabolism, Multidisciplinary, Bacterial/metabolism, Bacterial, Prognosis, Tuberculosis/complications, RNA, Bacterial, Detection, Infectious Diseases, Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genetics, Area Under Curve, Cohort, Biomarker (medicine), HIV/AIDS, Female, Adolescent Cohort Study team, Infection, Cohort study, 4.2 Evaluation of markers and technologies, RePORT Brazil Team, medicine.medical_specialty, Tuberculosis, Adolescent, Point-of-Care Systems, HIV Infections/complications, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sensitivity and Specificity, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Rare Diseases, Tuberculosis diagnosis, Clinical Research, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, business.industry, SATVI Clinical and Laboratory Team, Prevention, lcsh:R, Diagnostic markers, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, medicine.disease, 4.1 Discovery and preclinical testing of markers and technologies, 030104 developmental biology, Good Health and Well Being, ROC Curve, Positron-Emission Tomography, RNA, lcsh:Q, business, Biomarkers
Abstract

Improved tuberculosis diagnostics and tools for monitoring treatment response are urgently needed. We developed a robust and simple, PCR-based host-blood transcriptomic signature, RISK6, for multiple applications: identifying individuals at risk of incident disease, as a screening test for subclinical or clinical tuberculosis, and for monitoring tuberculosis treatment. RISK6 utility was validated by blind prediction using quantitative real-time (qRT) PCR in seven independent cohorts. Prognostic performance significantly exceeded that of previous signatures discovered in the same cohort. Performance for diagnosing subclinical and clinical disease in HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected persons, assessed by area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve, exceeded 85%. As a screening test for tuberculosis, the sensitivity at 90% specificity met or approached the benchmarks set out in World Health Organization target product profiles for non-sputum-based tests. RISK6 scores correlated with lung immunopathology activity, measured by positron emission tomography, and tracked treatment response, demonstrating utility as treatment response biomarker, while predicting treatment failure prior to treatment initiation. Performance of the test in capillary blood samples collected by finger-prick was noninferior to venous blood collected in PAXgene tubes. These results support incorporation of RISK6 into rapid, capillary blood-based point-of-care PCR devices for prospective assessment in field studies.

Published
2020

44. Expanding the Donor Pool by Extended DCD Lung Donation

Author

Koffeman, E. M., Droogh, J. M., Erasmus, M. E., Veen, A., Van De Wauwer, C., Gan, T., van der Bij, W., Kerstjens, H. A., Mariani, M. A., Verschuuren, E. A., Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), and Groningen Institute for Organ Transplantation (GIOT)

Published
2020

48. Decreased haemoglobin levels are associated with lower muscle mass and strength in kidney transplant recipients

Author

Vinke, Joanna Sophia J., Wouters, Hanneke J.C.M., Stam, Suzanne P., Douwes, Rianne M., Post, Adrian, Gomes‐Neto, Antonio W., Klauw, Melanie M., Berger, Stefan P., Bakker, Stephan J.L., Annema, C, Bakker, S J L, Berger, S P, Blokzijl, H, Bodewes, F A J A, Boer, M T, Damman, K, De Borst, M H, Diepstra, A, Dijkstra, G, Douwes, R M, Eisenga, M F, Erasmus, M E, Gan, C T, Gomes‐Neto, A W, Hak, E, Hepkema, B G, Klont, F, Knobbe, T J, Kremer, D, Leuvenink, H G D, Lexmond, W S, Meijer, V E, Niesters, H G M, Pelt, L J, Pol, R A, Porte, R J, Ranchor, A V, Sanders, J S F, Schutten, J C, Siebelink, M J, Slart, R H J A, Swarte, J C, Touw, D J, Heuvel, M C, Leer‐Buter, C, Londen, M, Verschuuren, E A M, Vos, M J, Weersma, R K, De Borst, Martin H., and Eisenga, Michele F.

Abstract

Post‐transplant anaemia and reduced muscle mass and strength are highly prevalent in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). Decreased haemoglobin levels, a marker of anaemia, could adversely affect muscle mass and strength through multiple mechanisms, among others, through diminished tissue oxygenation. We aimed to investigate the association between haemoglobin levels with muscle mass and strength in KTRs. We included stable KTRs from the TransplantLines Biobank and Cohort study with a functional graft ≥1 year post‐transplantation. Muscle mass was assessed using 24 h urinary creatinine excretion rate (CER) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Muscle strength was assessed with a handgrip strength test using a dynamometer and, in a subgroup (n= 290), with the five‐times sit‐to‐stand (FTSTS) test. We used multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses to investigate the associations of haemoglobin levels with muscle mass and strength. In 871 included KTRs [median age 58 (interquartile range (IQR), 48–66)] years; 60% men; eGFR 51 ± 18 mL/min/1.73 m2) who were 3.5 (1.0–10.2) years post‐transplantation, the mean serum haemoglobin level was 13.9 ± 1.8 g/dL in men and 12.8 ± 1.5 g/dL in women. Lower haemoglobin levels were independently associated with a lower CER (std. β = 0.07, P= 0.01), BIA‐derived skeletal muscle mass (std. β = 0.22, P< 0.001), handgrip strength (std. β = 0.15, P< 0.001), and worse FTSTS test scores (std. β = −0.17, P= 0.02). KTRs in the lowest age‐specific and sex‐specific quartile of haemoglobin levels had an increased risk of being in the worst age‐specific and sex‐specific quartile of CER (fully adjusted OR, 2.09; 95% CI 1.15–3.77; P= 0.02), handgrip strength (fully adjusted OR, 3.30; 95% CI 1.95–5.59; P< 0.001), and FTSTS test score (fully adjusted OR, 7.21; 95% CI 2.59–20.05; P< 0.001). Low haemoglobin levels are strongly associated with decreased muscle mass and strength in KTRs. Future investigation will need to investigate whether maintaining higher haemoglobin levels may improve muscle mass and strength in KTRs.

Published
2022
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49. Palladium-catalyzed monoarylation of nitroalkanes

Author

Vogl, Erasmus M. and Buchwald, Stephen L.

Subjects
Chemistry, Organic -- Research, Palladium -- Physiological aspects, Nitrogen -- Physiological aspects, Alkanes -- Physiological aspects, Ketones -- Physiological aspects, Esters -- Physiological aspects, Biological sciences, Chemistry
Abstract

Research has been conducted on the palladium-catalyzed-arylation of nitroalkenes.The general protocol for this arylation has been developed and the results indicate that the nitroalkene arylation can be effected over ketone and ester arylation.

Published
2002

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