86 results on '"Eraldo Oliveri"'
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2. Hard color-singlet exchange in dijet events in proton-proton collisions at √ s =13 TeV
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J. Rauser, John Perry Cumalat, Swagata Mukherjee, Toni Sculac, Todor Ivanov, T. Bose, Inkyu Park, M. Ramirez-Garcia, Oliver Gutsche, Joachim Baechler, Andreas Pfeiffer, Alessandra Cappati, Hyunyong Kim, Kirill Skovpen, Leonid Sukhikh, Oz Amram, Matthias Schröder, A. Rossi, Kyungwook Nam, Bobak Hashemi, Tom Cornelis, Shivali Malhotra, Tanmay Mudholkar, Ennio Monteil, Aldo Penzo, Mirko Berretti, Nicolas Tonon, Artur Gottmann, Aimilios Ioannou, Matteo Cremonesi, Nitish Dhingra, Stephen Butalla, J. Suarez Gonzalez, You-ying Li, Samuel Bein, Daniel Spitzbart, J. G. Li, Roberto Rossin, Alexander Ershov, Patrick Jarry, Andreas Psallidas, C. Vander Velde, R. Bhattacharya, E. Carrera Jarrin, Douglas Wright, Benjamin Charles Radburn-Smith, Kevin Nash, Thea Klaeboe Aarrestad, Giles Strong, P. Van Hove, Tommaso Diotalevi, Panagiotis Katsoulis, Gourab Saha, Valentina Dutta, Christopher Cosby, Arne Reimers, Stephen Mrenna, Denys Lontkovskyi, Konstantinos Manolopoulos, W. De Boer, Marco Zanetti, Tae Jeong Kim, Emmanouil Vourliotis, John Hakala, Michael Murray, Jakob Salfeld-Nebgen, Louis Moureaux, Sebastian Wiedenbeck, Kunal Kothekar, T. Naaranoja, Nazar Bartosik, Dimitri Bourilkov, Vassili Kachanov, S. W. Cho, Andrew Whitbeck, Marvin Johnson, Vladimir Ivanchenko, Sergey Guts, V. D. Samoylenko, Alexander Dierlamm, C. A. Carrillo Montoya, Michal Szleper, Zoltan Gecse, Viktor Veszpremi, Aliaksandr Litomin, Chia-Ming Kuo, P. Major, Nadia Pastrone, Candan Dozen, I. Gonzalez Caballero, Shabnam Jabeen, T. Aushev, Thomas Reitenspiess, M. A. Iqbal, Ibrahim Soner Zorbakir, Peter Robmann, Tiziano Camporesi, Vyacheslav Valuev, Ren-Yuan Zhu, Pascal Vanlaer, Richard Breedon, David Vannerom, Prasant Kumar Rout, Riccardo Paramatti, Andrea Giammanco, Priyanka Kumari, Robert Ciesielski, Michael Wayne Arenton, Robert Hirosky, Andreas Hinzmann, Marcin Konecki, Artur Lobanov, Nathaniel Pastika, Brent Stone, Kevin Mcdermott, Dmytro Kovalskyi, V. Kutzner, Demetra Tsiakkouri, Shawn Zaleski, Rishi Patel, W. A. T. Wan Abdullah, Jamal Rorie, Siddhesh Sawant, J. S. H. Lee, Xuyang Gao, Shalini Thakur, John Strologas, J. Fernandez Menendez, Charles Maguire, Vukasin Milosevic, Nikkie Deelen, Radia Redjimi, Amal Sarkar, Y. D. Oh, Fabrizio Palla, Gyorgy Vesztergombi, E. M. Da Costa, Prakash Thapa, Giovanni Abbiendi, Olmo Cerri, Giuseppe Iaselli, Minseok Oh, James John Brooke, Cédric Prieels, Ali Harb, Andrés G Delannoy, Christopher Hill, Louise Skinnari, Vito Palladino, Nural Akchurin, Hannu Siikonen, Erik Butz, Frank Jensen, Marco Bozzo, Radek Zlebcik, M. Janda, Georgi Sultanov, Evan Wolfe, Kevin Stenson, Frank Jm Geurts, Katherine Victoria Ellis, Smarajit Karmakar, Kyle Tos, Ioannis Evangelou, C. K. Mackay, Lisa Borgonovi, Debabrata Bhowmik, A. Meyer, Conor Henderson, L. S. Durkin, Souvik Das, Natalia Emriskova, Richard Linhart, Clemens Wöhrmann, Jason Gilmore, Kinga Anna Wozniak, S. Choi, A. Hervé, Prasenjit Mal, Christina Snyder, H. Becerril Gonzalez, Marco Paganoni, Stephen Sanders, F. Fiori, Gianni Masetti, Márton Bartók, E. Radicioni, Vilius Cepaitis, Konstantin Matchev, Don Lincoln, Natalia Lychkovskaya, Tariq Aziz, Dave M Newbold, Arnaud Steen, Caterina Aruta, Flavia Cetorelli, M. A. Mahmoud, Jingzhou Zhao, Daniel Savoiu, S. V. Afanasiev, C. Mora Herrera, Achim Stahl, B. Singh, Gregor Kasieczka, Branislav Ristic, Balashangar Kailasapathy, J. J. Hollar, Jean-Marie Brom, M. Mohammadi Najafabadi, Igor Bayshev, Xavier Coubez, A. Escalante Del Valle, Joosep Pata, Colin Bernet, Samila Muthumuni, Gilvan Alves, M. Pelliccioni, Anna Teresa Meneguzzo, Martina Ressegotti, P. Schütze, Oleksii Turkot, Michele Selvaggi, Timo Peltola, Marko Dragicevic, K. Wong, A. A. Bin Anuar, Boaz Klima, Yen-Jie Lee, Thorben Quast, K. Naskar, Kevin Black, Yeonju Go, A. Vagnerini, Christophe Ochando, Francesco Santanastasio, Stoyan Stoynev, A. Sanchez-Hernandez, Y. Chao, Li Yuan, Jory Sonneveld, Hafeez R Hoorani, Alessandro Cardini, Daniel John Karmgard, Manfred Jeitler, O. Behnke, Gulsen Onengut, Viktor Matveev, Damir Lelas, Charles Harrington, Emil Sørensen Bols, H. Lee, J. S. Kim, Michael Tytgat, David Lange, Robin Erbacher, Jay Dittmann, Olivier Davignon, Dmitri Konstantinov, Owen Baron, Doga Gulhan, Louis Lyons, Siarhei Shulha, H. Aarup Petersen, Paolo Gunnellini, Hugues Lattaud, Pawan Kumar Netrakanti, Francisco Yumiceva, Eraldo Oliveri, Ritva Kinnunen, Petar Maksimovic, Patrick Janot, Mauro Donegà, Panja-Riina Luukka, H. Keller, Roberto Salerno, Scarlet Norberg, Evgueni Tcherniaev, K. A. Ulmer, Olga Kodolova, Tongguang Cheng, Sergo Jindariani, Y. Wang, Michael Schmitt, J. Schwandt, Carlo Rovelli, M. Ruspa, Silvio Donato, Jan Tomsa, Lesya Shchutska, Andrea Massironi, Harry Cheung, Peter Schleper, Zhen Hu, Fabrice Couderc, Ugur Kiminsu, G. P. Van Onsem, W. Haj Ahmad, Zoltan Laszlo Trocsanyi, J. Conway, Martti Raidal, Ram Krishna Dewanjee, Bora Isildak, V. P. Andreev, Piotr Traczyk, Vipin Bhatnagar, T. Liu, Vitalii Okhotnikov, Petar Adzic, Pedro Silva, Carlo Civinini, Clemens Lange, K. Sandeep, Charis Kleio Koraka, R. Stefanovitch, Santiago Folgueras, George Alverson, K. F. Chen, Egidio Longo, Senta Greene, C. Baldenegro Barrera, L. Malgeri, Ivan Marchesini, Mohsan Waseem Ather, Anna Stakia, Sébastien Wertz, Dong Ho Moon, Adam Elwood, Vivekanand Jha, Dylan Teague, Dajeong Jeon, Subash Chandra Behera, Giacomo Sguazzoni, Salvatore Rappoccio, Steve Schnetzer, Saranya Ghosh, D. Del Re, Caleb Smith, L. Kreczko, Klaas Padeken, Julie Malcles, Fengwangdong Zhang, A. Scribano, Burin Asavapibhop, Xunwu Zuo, George Karathanasis, Y. Choi, Brandon Allen, Yi-ting Duh, Regina Demina, Kamuran Dilsiz, Seema Bahinipati, Prabhat Ranjan Pujahari, Q. Wang, Paolo Rumerio, Simone Gennai, Lorenzo Uplegger, Reyer Band, L. J. Sanchez Rosas, Renato Campanini, Urs Langenegger, Loukas Gouskos, Sami Lehti, Maksim Azarkin, Juliet Ritchie Patterson, J. Alcaraz Maestre, Maria Margherita Obertino, Adish Vartak, Umberto Molinatti, Tamer Elkafrawy, Joao Varela, Leander Litov, Shengquan Tuo, Abhigyan Dasgupta, Sourabh Dube, Xudong Lyu, Francesco Navarria, Sotiroulla Konstantinou, Javier Duarte, Alexander Fröhlich, Korbinian Schweiger, Georg Auzinger, Stephanie Kwan, Alexander Bylinkin, V. Papadimitriou, D. Kim, Mikhail Kirsanov, M. Aldaya Martin, Basil Schneider, Jindrich Lidrych, Harvey B Newman, Roman Kogler, Jeffrey Berryhill, Satoshi Hasegawa, A. Bodek, J. D. Tapia Takaki, Oleksii Toldaiev, Mark Pesaresi, R. Cousins, Muhammad Gul, P. Van Mulders, Daniel Winterbottom, O. Urban, Vincent Lemaitre, K. Wichmann, P. Kyberd, Po-Hsun Chen, Stefano Mersi, Mykyta Haranko, Joshuha Thomas-Wilsker, Davide Fiorina, Paul Baillon, Artur Apresyan, Malte Backhaus, K. J. Pena Rodriguez, James Bueghly, Matthew Nguyen, Marc Besancon, C. Chen, Dinyar Rabady, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, K. Hurtado Anampa, Nicholas Wardle, Kirika Uchida, P. Van Mechelen, A. Apyan, Andrew Beretvas, Otto Hindrichs, Tao Huang, Aashaq Shah, T. Tabarelli de Fatis, Rosamaria Venditti, Michele Gallinaro, Roland Koppenhöfer, Melissa Quinnan, B. Kansal, Carlos Lourenco, Claudia Ciocca, S. Shmatov, Tom A. Williams, Nicola Turini, Cristina Mantilla, Kaitlin Salyer, Xiaodong Wang, D. Y. Wang, V. Rodríguez Bouza, E. Gurpinar Guler, Pedro G Mercadante, Kenneth Bloom, F. Torres Da Silva De Araujo, Hans-Christian Kaestli, G. L. Pinna Angioni, Anna Kropivnitskaya, P. de Barbaro, Daniel Teyssier, Victor Perelygin, Manisha Lohan, Alessandra Fanfani, Clément Grimault, Adrian Byszuk, G. Quast, Tahereh Sadat Niknejad, Markus Seidel, Thorsten Chwalek, Alberto Santoro, H. S. Kim, Valentina Mariani, Jean-Baptiste Sauvan, Gigi Rolandi, Olga Lukina, Alexey Golunov, P. H. Butler, Tommaso Isidori, Christopher George Tully, Jean-Pierre Merlo, Grigory Safronov, Geng-Yuan Jeng, Irene Bachiller, Micael Verissimo de Araujo, Yousen Zhang, Sebastian Wozniewski, J. Duarte Campderros, Joanne Cole, A. K. Virdi, Eija Tuominen, Hannsjoerg Artur Weber, Gordon H. Hanson, Andrew Askew, R. L. Lander, Nicholas Menendez, Najaf Amin, A. Braghieri, Xavier Janssen, Nicolo Cartiglia, Shane Breeze, L. Hay, Pritam Kalbhor, Crisostomo Sciacca, Maxim Goncharov, Iban Jose Cabrillo, K. Ehataht, Marco Pieri, Christoph Garbers, Ian R Tomalin, David Saltzberg, Thomas Schuh, Peter Wittich, Ivan Shvetsov, M. Olmedo Negrete, Miao Hu, Alexander Belyaev, Igor Golutvin, Mircho Rodozov, Vineet Kumar, Karl Gill, P. Aspell, K. Zielinski, A. Kayis Topaksu, H. A. Salazar Ibarguen, Davide Zuolo, Pierluigi Paolucci, Andrew Hart, Demetrios Loukas, Kalpanie Liyanage, Valentin Sulimov, Emanuele Usai, Tobias Pook, Jay Hauser, A. Vilela Pereira, Jan Kieseler, Andres Tiko, Giulia Negro, Vladimir Palichik, Francesco Fabozzi, Michal Olszewski, Malgorzata Kazana, A. Kasem, Sung Keun Park, Hyejin Kwon, M. M. Macri, Serguei Volkov, Patrick Connor, Jennifer Ngadiuba, J. M. Vizan Garcia, Bugra Bilin, Kati Lassila-Perini, Giovanna Selvaggi, Dongjoon Song, Petra Merkel, De Hua Zhu, Anna Macchiolo, Ahmed Ali Abdelalim, Marguerite Tonjes, David Mark Raymond, E. O. Olaiya, Christophe Delaere, Luca Perrozzi, Zuhal Seyma Demiroglu, Felipe Ramirez, Berkan Kaynak, J. Zich, G. Dissertori, Ivan Mikulec, Stefano Argiro, Kevin Sung, Virgil E Barnes, Christophe Royon, Elizabeth Sexton-Kennedy, Cecilia Elena Gerber, D. Domínguez Damiani, Stephanie Brandt, R. Mankel, Wolfgang Lohmann, Marc Osherson, J. H. Kim, P. Das, Diego Beghin, Stefaan Tavernier, Diego Ciangottini, Andrea Perrotta, J. Sziklai, A. Vorobyev, R. Di Maria, Jose Monroy, Bobae Kim, Yacine Haddad, Oleg Teryaev, I. Babounikau, A. Ranieri, Izzeddin Suat Donertas, Livia Soffi, R. B. Garg, Christopher Seez, J. Kaspar, Alex Kamenev, Victor Kim, Willem Verbeke, Armando Lanaro, Jeremy Mans, S. Sanchez Cruz, Lucas Corcodilos, Francesco Micheli, Gul Gokbulut, Alexandre Hakimi, Eric Appelt, Antonin Kveton, Mauro Menichelli, Savvas Kyriacou, Denis Rathjens, Attila Racz, Roberta Arcidiacono, Christian Schnaible, Jonathan Fulcher, Anatoli Pashenkov, Vittorio M. N. Passaro, Avto Kharchilava, Mikhail Ignatenko, Daniel Bloch, Mohamed Rashad Darwish, Vivek Sharma, Fuqiang Wang, Justin Pilot, Metin Yalvac, Stephan Lammel, Hugo Delannoy, Daniel Noonan, M. H.L.S. Wang, Salim Cerci, Raffaele Gerosa, Alexander Ledovskoy, Vincent J Smith, Sourav Chatterjee, F. Vazzoler, Shameena Bonomally, F. Cafagna, M. Alhusseini, Caroline Elisabeth Niniane Niemeyer, Neil Schroeder, A. Da Rold, Andrey Pozdnyakov, Peter Fackeldey, Konstanty Sumorok, Atanu Modak, Luca Perniè, Roland Horisberger, Ada Solano, Marco Cipriani, Peter Elmer, M. K. Jayananda, Marcella Diemoz, Georgios Mavromanolakis, Michele Arneodo, Garvita Agarwal, Zhenbin Wu, Bhawna Gomber, Filip Moortgat, Vinzenz Stampf, Konstantinos Kousouris, Matthias Wolf, Paolo Ronchese, Badder Marzocchi, Marcello Mannelli, Christian Schwanenberger, Joshua Bendavid, John Alison, Aliakbar Ebrahimi, H. El Mamouni, Petr Moisenz, David Ja Cockerill, Wolfgang Lange, Erik Gottschalk, Nicanor Colino, Daniel Abercrombie, Valerie Scheurer, B. De La Cruz, Jose F Benitez, Samuel Higginbotham, Marius Preuten, Sanjay Kumar Swain, Marc M Baarmand, Gabor Istvan Veres, Daniele Trocino, Gage Dezoort, C. Ramón Álvarez, Ka Tung Lau, Leonid Didukh, S. Luo, D. E. Pellett, Konstantinos Theofilatos, Tapio Lampén, F. Oljemark, Wei Li, Andrzej Novak, Brieuc Francois, P. Kontaxakis, Manuel Giffels, Pavel Bunin, Graham Wilson, Zviad Tsamalaidze, R. Loveless, Si Xie, Robert Stone, E. E. Boos, Simone Calzaferri, Kadri Ozdemir, Dan Brunner, Heriberto Castilla-Valdez, Salvatore Costa, Alexis Pompili, Alessio Ghezzi, Abraham Tishelman-Charny, Y. D. Kim, Stephen Wimpenny, J. Puerta Pelayo, Indara Suarez, M. A. Bhat, Henning Flacher, C. S. Moon, Devdatta Majumder, Vjaceslav Georgiev, Nikolaos Manthos, Maciej Górski, Michael Krohn, Piotr Zalewski, C. Kleinwort, Xinmei Niu, Brian L Winer, N. De Filippis, Qianying Guo, Dragos Velicanu, Qamar Hassan, Nuno Leonardo, Andrea Delgado, R. Taus, C-E Wulz, Duncan Leggat, R. D. Field, Jack King, Kuntal Mondal, S. Kaplan, Joscha Knolle, Ashutosh Bhardwaj, Francesco Brivio, Marco Musich, Andris Skuja, Paraskevas Gianneios, Ian Laflotte, C. Mills, R. E. Sosa Ricardo, Oliver Pooth, Mehmet Özgür Sahin, Donato Creanza, Guo-Ming Chen, Martin Grunewald, Menglei Sun, Marc Dobson, Heiner Tholen, Arabella Martelli, Soureek Mitra, Muhammad Ahmad, Sarah Catherine Eno, L. V. Kardapoltsev, Alexandre Zabi, Wolfgang Funk, Jan-Frederik Schulte, Amitabh Lath, Norraphat Srimanobhas, Angela Mehta, Sanghyun Ko, Jan Steggemann, Thomas Madlener, Andrés Cabrera, Christopher Rogan, S. M. A. Ghiasi Shirazi, A.-M. Lyon, Vladislav Borchsh, Andrius Juodagalvis, Inna Makarenko, Kurtis F Johnson, Greg P Heath, Andrea Malara, Byung-Sik Hong, Mahmod Moussa Abdelkhalek Gadallah, R. Granier de Cassagnac, Alexey Kalinin, Maxime Gouzevitch, Suat Ozkorucuklu, Thomas Bergauer, Winston Ko, I. De Bruyn, Reza Goldouzian, Mohd Nizam Yusli, Vivan Nguyen, Wei Xie, Rainer Wallny, Ivica Puljak, Hans Reithler, Ben Bylsma, Renato Potenza, Victor Shang, Giuseppe Benedetto Cerati, Stavros Mallios, James D. Olsen, N. V. Krasnikov, Aobo Zhang, M. G. Albrow, Dermot Moran, Deepak Kumar, J. S. Lange, Mario Maggi, Alexander Morton, Andrea Beschi, Carlos Willmott, R. Del Burgo, Marek Niedziela, Christoph Schäfer, James Hirschauer, Nimantha Perera, Piero Giorgio Verdini, Jorge Fraga, Roberto Tenchini, Suman Bala Beri, Helena Bialkowska, Mia Liu, Meng Xiao, Walaa Elmetenawee, Rachel Yohay, J. K. Lim, F. Simonetto, Christopher Brainerd, Ivan Ovtin, Nur Zulaiha Jomhari, Vivian O'Dell, Giorgio Apollinari, M. A. Shah, Sergio P Ratti, A. Pérez-Calero Yzquierdo, Ivan Amos Cali, A. Carvalho Antunes De Oliveira, Lev Khein, Sunil Dogra, Frank Chlebana, Giovanni Organtini, Norbert Neumeister, Alexei Raspereza, Christoph Heidecker, Weinan Si, Robert M Harris, G. Correia Silva, Elliot Hughes, Gurpreet Singh Chahal, Andrew Buccilli, Alexander Grohsjean, Guenter Eckerlin, Seth Cooper, Nicolas Chanon, S. Lo Meo, Camelia Mironov, Armen Tumasyan, Giuseppe Barbagli, Dipak Kumar Mishra, J. A. Brochero Cifuentes, Simone Bologna, Michael Hildreth, M. S. Meyer, Alessia Saggio, Abideh Jafari, Charles C. Richardson, V. Avati, Ankush Reddy Kanuganti, Miroslav Bonchev, A. Fiergolski, J. G. Branson, Georg Steinbrück, Kerstin Borras, Oleg Prokofyev, Wolfram Erdmann, Giacomo Fedi, Lev Uvarov, Rajdeep Mohan Chatterjee, Alp Akpinar, M. Gola, Salvatore Nuzzo, Nils Faltermann, Philippe Bloch, Duong Nguyen, Vladyslav Danilov, Anton Petrov, Martina Vit, J. Taylor, Sh. Jain, T. Boccali, Riccardo Salvatico, Maurizio Pierini, Milos Lokajicek, Rajat Gupta, Mara Senghi Soares, Serguei Ganjour, Semra Turkcapar, Linda Finco, Anup Kumar Sikdar, David Cussans, Paula Eerola, Manoj Sharan, Jacobo Konigsberg, Bryan Cardwell, L. Ang, Silvia Taroni, Maria Giulia Ratti, Philip Baringer, Enrico Robutti, George Stephans, Pritam Palit, Tanmay Sarkar, Matthew Joyce, Ernesto Migliore, Hans-Jürgen Simonis, Todd Adams, Andrew Wightman, Awder Mohammed Ahmed, Pieter Everaerts, Titas Roy, Alexx Perloff, Anastasia Karavdina, Johannes Haller, Benjamin Mesic, F. Pandolfi, Teruki Kamon, Nabin Poudyal, Sharon Hagopian, Wit Busza, Pieter David, Barbara Clerbaux, Vadim Oreshkin, Byung Hun Oh, Irene Zoi, Cristina Tuve, R. G. Kellogg, Junquan Tao, C. E. Flores, O. Kukral, S. Nandan, Pietro Vischia, Darien Wood, Jyothsna Rani Komaragiri, Dmitry Eliseev, Francisco Matorras, S. Banerjee, E. A. De Wolf, Alexander Pauls, Paolo Spagnolo, Rudy Ceccarelli, Mingshui Chen, P. Gras, Claudio Quaranta, Camille Camen, Lindsey Gray, Derek James Cranshaw, Alberto Belloni, Olga Evdokimov, Junghwan Goh, Livio Fanò, Federica Primavera, Roberto Carlin, V. Kundrát, Pierre Depasse, Vyacheslav Klyukhin, M. Van De Klundert, Piet Verwilligen, Tai Sakuma, James Buchanan, Maxim Pieters, Simone Scarfi, Borislav Pavlov, Vladimir Karjavine, Csaba Hajdu, Ulrich Heintz, M. Kovac, Bjorn Burkle, Anterpreet Kaur, N. Vanegas Arbelaez, Federico Siviero, Alexey Volkov, Abhisek Datta, O. Hlushchenko, Tiziano Rovelli, Y. Musienko, M. C. Fouz, Victor Golovtcov, Erhan Gülmez, Kaori Maeshima, Aurelijus Rinkevicius, Martin Erdmann, Markus Spanring, Z. Y. You, Luisa Benussi, Yutaro Iiyama, Mehmet Kaya, Benedikt Vormwald, Laurent Forthomme, Lorenzo Bianchini, Richard B. Lipton, Intae Yu, Ilknur Hos, J. N. Butler, Maksym Titov, Daniel Klein, Rui Xiao, Kevin Burkett, Mykola Savitskyi, Lalit Mohan Pant, Sabino Meola, Roberto Covarelli, Aaron Dominguez, Liliana Teodorescu, P. Busson, Aaron Bundock, Marc Huwiler, Lata Panwar, Peter Raics, Peicho Petkov, Daniele Spiga, Evgueni Vlasov, Jan Eysermans, J. Alexander, G. M. Bilei, Katerina Lipka, Martin Kirakosyan, Erik Brücken, Georgios Bakas, F. Vazquez Valencia, Achille Petrilli, G. Ortona, Alberto Ruiz-Jimeno, David Jonathan Hofman, Alexander Nikitenko, Sergio Cittolin, Kaya Tatar, A. Bornheim, E. Palencia Cortezon, Vladimir Rusinov, Federico Ferri, Douglas Berry, Igor Azhgirey, Salvatore Buontempo, Paolo Lariccia, Dmitry Sosnov, Frank Golf, Ralf Ulrich, Sandra S. Padula, Arnab Purohit, Yiwen Wen, Paolo Vitulo, William J Spalding, Shubham Pandey, Wei Shi, O. Rieger, Thomas Klijnsma, Emyr Clement, Jay Roberts, C. Fallon, Mario Masciovecchio, Benedikt Maier, Huilin Qu, Liam Wezenbeek, Yuta Takahashi, Wei Zhang, Simona Cometti, Ian Watson, W. S. Hou, Nadezda Chernyavskaya, Nicholas John Hadley, Jehad Mousa, Karl Matthew Ecklund, Juska Pekkanen, Stefano Bianco, Brandon Chiarito, S. Abu Zeid, J. Smajek, Yury Ivanov, Francesca Cavallari, T. W. Wang, Bożena Boimska, Scott Thomas, Oksana Bychkova, James Letts, Bennett Greenberg, A. Rizzi, Maral Alyari, Anna Elliott-Peisert, Vuko Brigljevic, V. K. Eremin, Lucia Silvestris, Ludivine Ceard, David Taylor, B. Jayatilaka, Josry Metwally, Valeria Botta, Kerem Cankocak, Attilio Santocchia, Jean Fay, S. W. Lee, C. Oropeza Barrera, Sioni Summers, Sumit Keshri, Aran Garcia-Bellido, Debarati Roy, A. Richards, Juliette Alimena, M. De Palma, V. Monaco, Furkan Dolek, Franco Ligabue, Shirin Chenarani, Felicitas Pauss, Paul Asmuss, Andre Sznajder, Serdal Damarseckin, Francesco Moscatelli, E. J. Tonelli Manganote, Dennis Schwarz, Andrew Wisecarver, M. J. Kim, Angira Rastogi, Ayse Polatoz, J. D. Richman, Yannik Rath, Predrag Cirkovic, A. Baginyan, L. Layer, Harrison Prosper, F. De Leonardis, A. B. Meyer, Burak Bilki, D. Horvath, Ekaterina Kuznetsova, A. P. Singh, Yuri Gershtein, Emmanuelle Perez, G. G. Da Silveira, Nicolò Trevisani, Dirk Krücker, Chad Freer, Gianluca Cerminara, Stefan Piperov, Marta Baselga, Paolo Dini, S. Bheesette, V. Smirnov, Fabio Ravera, Sridhara Dasu, Emilio Meschi, Didar Dobur, Himal Acharya, S. Goy Lopez, Kadir Ocalan, Jasvinder A. Singh, M. Rahmani, Giorgia Rauco, Nancy Marinelli, Mario Deile, Stephen Robert Wagner, Vincenzo Innocente, Dipanwita Dutta, Meena Meena, Tribeni Mishra, Mattia Lizzo, Alexei Safonov, Jozsef Molnar, L. Viliani, Troy Mulholland, Patricia McBride, Krzysztof Doroba, Seungkyu Ha, S. Y. Hoh, Y. Ban, F. L. Fabbri, Daniele Fasanella, Austin Ball, S. M. Spanier, Cristina Riccardi, Dylan Rankin, Andrew Brinkerhoff, Abhishikth Mallampalli, Thomas Ferguson, Vladimir Popov, Otman Charaf, A. Baden, D. Green, M. Barrio Luna, Jose Flix, J. R. González Fernández, Austin Baty, E. Ayala, Wajid Ali Khan, Erika Garutti, P. Palazzi, Nicola Minafra, Johannes Schulz, Sema Zahid, Sergei Gleyzer, Ana Ovcharova, Tobar Navarro Tobar, J. Kopal, Inna Kucher, P. Priyanka, Vladimir Blinov, Kenneth Long, Andrea Carlo Marini, Jelena Mijuskovic, Nathaniel Odell, Alexander Tapper, Mateusz Zarucki, P. Martinez Ruiz del Arbol, Dan Quach, Duje Giljanovic, Rohith Saradhy, Vyacheslav Krutelyov, Markus Stoye, Geonhee Oh, W. T. Lin, Kai Yi, J. De Clercq, Dylan Hsu, Giancarlo Mantovani, Carlo Battilana, Shin-Shan Yu, Deborah Pinna, Sezen Sekmen, Z. Liu, Lorenzo Russo, Roger Rusack, Marc Dejardin, Tielige Mengke, Matej Roguljic, Maria Savina, Raman Khurana, B. Álvarez González, Baokai Wang, Wenxing Fang, Geoffrey Hall, G. N. Kim, Georgios Tsipolitis, Sanjay Padhi, Martin Doubek, C. Wissing, A. Castaneda Hernandez, Vladimir Chekhovsky, J. D. Ruiz Alvarez, Giacomo Bruno, Ian Mcalister, S. H. Lee, Roman Ryutin, Inseok Yoon, Janos Erö, Michael Revering, Maren Tabea Meinhard, Rogelio Reyes-Almanza, S. Maier, V. Makarenko, Sushil Chauhan, Kajari Mazumdar, Sa. Jain, Michele Bianco, Antoine Lesauvage, Andrea Venturi, M. Khakzad, Rino Castaldi, Daniele Pedrini, David Petyt, W. Van Doninck, Uttiya Sarkar, Hans Rykaczewski, W. E. Johns, E. Radermacher, Brian Dorney, Julia Velkovska, Mariarosaria D'Alfonso, Mario Galanti, Zoltan Szillasi, Jussi Viinikainen, Aliya Nigamova, Alexandros Attikis, Mariana Shopova, I. Atanassov, Eric Christian Chabert, E. Popova, Candan Isik, Sudha Ahuja, Halil Saka, Pietro Govoni, Edoardo Bossini, Garrett Funk, B. Chazin Quero, Irene Dutta, Plamen Iaydjiev, Zukhaimira Zolkapli, Luc Pape, William Arthur Nash, David Walter, Yuri Skovpen, Hwi Dong Yoo, A. Di Mattia, Y. J. Mao, Chiara Mariotti, Nickolas Mccoll, H. Burkhardt, Bradley Cox, Vaclav Vacek, M. L. Vesterbacka Olsson, P. A. Piroué, Marco Monteno, Dener De Souza Lemos, Panagiotis Kokkas, Ohannes Kamer Köseyan, Silvia Maselli, Ioannis Papadopoulos, Efstathios Paganis, R. Frühwirth, Erica Brondolin, K. W. Bell, Didier Contardo, Nikola Godinovic, Hualin Mei, Altan Cakir, Paolo Meridiani, Aron Soha, Moritz Guthoff, Marc Weber, Reham Aly, O. Vavroch, Rylan Conway, Dhanush Anil Hangal, S. K. Pflitsch, Niels Dupont, Zhengcheng Tao, Gy L. Bencze, Federica Legger, Tuure Tuuva, J. M. Hernandez, Edward Laird, Aurore Savoy-Navarro, Luca Mastrolorenzo, Nicola Bacchetta, S. Consuegra Rodríguez, K. Osterberg, Adel Terkulov, J. F. de Trocóniz, M. Medina Jaime, Margaret Zientek, Unki Yang, Ziheng Chen, Maximilian Heindl, Ivan Vila, S. Carrillo Moreno, Caglar Zorbilmez, Alexander Savin, M. Finger, J. Park, P. C. Tiwari, Rostyslav Shevchenko, Patrick Asenov, Emrah Tiras, Toyoko Orimoto, Alessio Boletti, Jie Zhang, Colin Jessop, Bolek Wyslouch, Ozgun Kara, Caleb Fangmeier, Vinicius Massami Mikuni, Genady Gavrilov, Marcus Hohlmann, Andrey Uzunian, E. Asilar, Christopher Palmer, Alice Bean, Balazs Ujvari, Alessandro Calandri, M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, Margaret Eminizer, K. El Morabit, Matthias Ulrich Mozer, Aruna Nayak, S. Belforte, Nabarun Dev, Johan Borg, J. H. Yoo, Maria Spiropulu, Daniel Gastler, Christian Dorfer, Sandeep Bhowmik, A. Moraes, Tomas Lindén, A. Morelos Pineda, N. Van Remortel, Pushpalatha C Bhat, Evan Ranken, Andrey Popov, Vieri Candelise, S. B. Oh, Alexander Malakhov, L. J. Gutay, Francesca Romana Cavallo, Alice Florent, Günter Flügge, Danyyl Brzhechko, M. Naimuddin, Viktor Savrin, Mitchell Wayne, Karol Bunkowski, Grace Cummings, Ted Kolberg, C. Uribe Estrada, Muhammad Shoaib, Claude Charlot, Alain Givernaud, Reddy Pratap Gandrajula, Fabio Iemmi, G. P. Siroli, Matthias Kasemann, Francesco Fienga, Dipika Dash, Tanvi Wamorkar, V. Berardi, Eshwen Bhal, D. R. Mendis, Igor Vorobiev, Martin Delcourt, Matthew Herndon, Seth Moortgat, Francesco Fallavollita, Julie Managan Hogan, A. Bermúdez Martínez, Min Suk Kim, Elisa Fontanesi, Vasilije Perovic, Thomas James, Sevgi Tekten, Panos A Razis, A. De Iorio, John Gabriel Acosta, H. S. Chen, Giovanni Petrucciani, Luca Giommi, Cole Lindsey, Paola Salvini, Elizabeth Starling, Nan Lu, P. Sphicas, René Caspart, Andrea Triossi, Christoph Schwick, Jovan Milosevic, M. Aguilar-Benitez, Muhammad Waqas, Elisabetta Manca, Alex Dorsett, Christoph Grab, Jennifer Chu, Vitaliano Ciulli, Apostolos Panagiotou, Benjamin Kilminster, Benjamin Fischer, Ketino Kaadze, Byeonghak Ko, Viktor Khristenko, M. Lu, Giorgio Maggi, Sadia Khalil, S. 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Shi, Senka Duric, Benjamin Tannenwald, Guler Karapinar, S. Petrushanko, Samuel May, Giuseppe Latino, Matthew Kilpatrick, Alessandro Giassi, Süleyman Durgut, John Paul Chou, Rishabh Uniyal, Brian Paul Padley, Justin Williams, Zhaozhong Shi, J. Piedra Gomez, Gregory Iles, Ashley Parker, Filippo Errico, Deepak Kumar Sahoo, Jean-Louis Faure, Philipp Millet, Brian Francis, Tamas Ferenc Csorgo, Paolo Checchia, Alberto Messineo, John Almond, Sergey Troshin, David D'Enterria, G. Bagliesi, C. Madrid, Daniele Ruini, Michail Bachtis, Helio Nogima, W. H. Smith, Elif Asli Yetkin, Bennett Marsh, Alberto Orso Maria Iorio, Felice Pantaleo, Chanwook Hwang, Mário Costa, Fatma Boran, Niladribihari Sahoo, Apichart Hortiangtham, Elena Voevodina, Lara Zygala, Ioannis Papakrivopoulos, Christina Reissel, Ryan Mueller, Torben Dreyer, Alessia Tricomi, Laurent Thomas, Raffaella Tramontano, Mark Derdzinski, Nikolay Tyurin, Roumyana Hadjiiska, Igor Smirnov, Kerstin Hoepfner, Arash Jofrehei, Samuel Nathan Webb, Giovanni Mocellin, Th. Müller, Paul Sheldon, Yuichi Kubota, Andreas Albert, Igor Volobouev, S. Tkaczyk, David Stuart, Alice Mignerey, A. Benecke, Stefanos Leontsinis, Chayanit Asawatangtrakuldee, A. De Wit, Frans Meijers, Stephen Trembath-Reichert, Philip Keicher, Hessamoddin Kaveh, Edward Scott, Kristian Harder, Vladimir Epshteyn, J. Hammerbauer, Georgy Antchev, D. Cutts, W. Snoeys, Michael Benjamin Andrews, Ioanna Papavergou, David Sperka, Gaelle Boudoul, D. Sunar Cerci, Alexis Kalogeropoulos, Somnath Choudhury, David Hamilton, C. A. Salazar González, Maciej Malawski, Dominique Gigi, Xin Chen, Teresa Rodrigo, Raffaello D'Alessandro, Hanwen Wang, Raghunath Pradhan, Andrei Sobol, H. Bakhshiansohi, Gabriella Pasztor, Sebastian Templ, H. Van Haevermaet, T. R. Fernandez Perez Tomei, F. De Guio, Hao Qiu, Muhammad Imran Malik Awan, Sam Harper, Victor Murzin, Q. Li, Claudia Pistone, Wolfgang Adam, K. De Leo, Shuichi Kunori, Marc Dünser, Federico Ambrogi, Janek Bechtel, Marcos Cerrada, Yi Chen, Teresa Lenz, Laurent Mirabito, Steven Lowette, Andrei Gritsan, Marius Teroerde, Laurent Pétré, Georgia Karapostoli, Florian Joel J Bury, Davide Valsecchi, D. A. Sanz Becerra, J. A. Nash, Elisabetta Gallo, Vincenzo Ciriolo, Katja Klein, Jens Multhaup, Ashish Sharma, J. Mejia Guisao, I. Heredia-De La Cruz, Tomasz Frueboes, Tomas Kello, Y-J Lee, Robin Aggleton, Ferhat Ozok, Prasanna Siddireddy, Alexander Spiridonov, H. Brandao Malbouisson, I. A. Melzer-Pellmann, T. Geralis, Antoni Shtipliyski, F. M. Pitters, Francesca Nessi-Tedaldi, C. Adloff, Yongho Jeong, Andreas Werner Jung, Erich Schmitz, Chandiprasad Kar, Lutz Feld, Shahram Rahatlou, A. García Alonso, Anadi Canepa, Marek Gruchala, Simranjit Singh Chhibra, Ali Eren Simsek, David Barney, Aleksandra Lelek, Stephanie Beauceron, Ulrich Husemann, A. Manousakis-Katsikakis, Fabio Monti, Tengizi Toriashvili, S. Bhattacharya, Sudhir Malik, Rizki Syarif, Ia Iashvili, Roberto Seidita, Matti J Kortelainen, Jean-Roch Vlimant, Markus Radziej, Cheng-Chieh Peng, Brajesh C Choudhary, Paul David Luckey, Andrea Trapote, Sébastien Viret, Sophie Wuyckens, Angelo Giacomo Zecchinelli, Angela Giraldi, Alibordi Muhammad, Roberto Mulargia, Dylan Gilbert, Guillaume Bourgatte, O. Gonzalez Lopez, J. Wang, Fanbo Meng, Caroline Collard, Olivér Surányi, Artur Kalinowski, Georgios Anagnostou, Melody A. Swartz, Maxwell Chertok, Natale Demaria, Danek Kotlinski, Jordan Martins, A. Melo, Denis Gelé, Catherine Schiber, Mauro Emanuele Dinardo, Carmen Albajar, Sven Dildick, Nhan Viet Tran, Dmitry Philippov, Mohammad Abrar Wadud, Christof Roland, Yao Yao, A. Khan, V. K. Muraleedharan Nair Bindhu, Efe Yazgan, Frank Hartmann, David Colling, Luciano Orsini, Luca Pacher, Gouranga Kole, Federico Ravotti, Claire Shepherd-Themistocleous, Michael Wassmer, Antonis Agapitos, A. Starodumov, Nicolaus Kratochwil, Daniel Denegri, Ravi Janjam, Siddharth Narayanan, Amina Zghiche, Anton Karneyeu, Leonard Apanasevich, M. Vander Donckt, Magda Diamantopoulou, Emily MacDonald, Jochen Schieck, Jeremie Alexandre Merlin, Danilo Meuser, Hartmut Stadie, Andrew Gilbert, Natascha Krammer, Ridhi Chawla, S. J. Qian, F. Gasparini, Antonio Cassese, Meenakshi Narain, Mirena Ivova Paneva, Thomas Eichhorn, J. Procházka, Alessandro Thea, Cristina Fernandez Bedoya, Charalambos Nicolaou, Niki Saoulidou, Isabel Pedraza, M. R. Adams, Paolo Azzurri, Sercan Sen, D. P. Stickland, M. Guchait, A. 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Clerbaux B., De Lentdecker G., Delannoy H., Dorney B., Favart L., Grebenyuk A., Kalsi A.K., Makarenko I., Moureaux L., Petre L., Popov A., Postiau N., Starling E., Thomas L., Vander Velde C., Vanlaer P., Vannerom D., Wezenbeek L., Cornelis T., Dobur D., Gruchala M., Khvastunov I., Niedziela M., Roskas C., Skovpen K., Tytgat M., Verbeke W., Vermassen B., Vit M., Bruno G., Bury F., Caputo C., David P., Delaere C., Delcourt M., Donertas I.S., Giammanco A., Lemaitre V., Mondal K., Prisciandaro J., Taliercio A., Teklishyn M., Vischia P., Wuyckens S., Zobec J., Alves G.A., Correia Silva G., Hensel C., Moraes A., Alda Junior W.L., Belchior Batista Das Chagas E., Brandao Malbouisson H., Carvalho W., Chinellato J., Coelho E., Da Costa E.M., Da Silveira G.G., De Jesus Damiao D., Fonseca De Souza S., Martins J., Matos Figueiredo D., Medina Jaime M., Melo De Almeida M., Mora Herrera C., Mundim L., Nogima H., Rebello Teles P., Sanchez Rosas L.J., Santoro A., Silva Do Amaral S.M., Sznajder A., Thiel M., Tonelli Manganote E.J., Torres Da Silva De Araujo F., Vilela Pereira A., Bernardes C.A., Calligaris L., Tomei T.R.F.P., Gregores E.M., Lemos D.S., Mercadante P.G., Novaes S.F., Padula S.S., Aleksandrov A., Hadjiiska R., Iaydjiev P., Misheva M., Rodozov M., Shopova M., Sultanov G., Bonchev M., Dimitrov A., Ivanov T., Litov L., Pavlov B., Petkov P., Petrov A., Fang W., Guo Q., Wang H., Yuan L., Ahmad M., Hu Z., Wang Y., Chapon E., Chen G.M., Chen H.S., Chen M., Leggat D., Liao H., Liu Z., Sharma R., Spiezia A., Tao J., Thomas-Wilsker J., Wang J., Zhang H., Zhang S., Zhao J., Agapitos A., Ban Y., Chen C., Levin A., Li J., Li Q., Lu M., Lyu X., Mao Y., Qian S.J., Wang D., Wang Q., Xiao J., You Z., Gao X., Xiao M., Avila C., Cabrera A., Florez C., Fraga J., Sarkar A., Segura Delgado M.A., Jaramillo J., Mejia Guisao J., Ramirez F., Ruiz Alvarez J.D., Salazar Gonzalez C.A., Vanegas Arbelaez N., Giljanovic D., Godinovic N., Lelas D., Puljak I., Sculac T., Antunovic Z., Kovac M., Brigljevic 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E., Psallidas A., Steen A., Yazgan E., Asavapibhop B., Asawatangtrakuldee C., Srimanobhas N., Boran F., Damarseckin S., Demiroglu Z.S., Dolek F., Dozen C., Dumanoglu I., Eskut E., Gokbulut G., Guler Y., Gurpinar Guler E., Hos I., Isik C., Kangal E.E., Kara O., Kayis Topaksu A., Kiminsu U., Onengut G., Ozdemir K., Polatoz A., Simsek A.E., Tali B., Tok U.G., Turkcapar S., Zorbakir I.S., Zorbilmez C., Isildak B., Karapinar G., Ocalan K., Yalvac M., Atakisi I.O., Gulmez E., Kaya M., Kaya O., Ozcelik O., Tekten S., Yetkin E.A., Cakir A., Cankocak K., Komurcu Y., Sen S., Aydogmus Sen F., Cerci S., Ozkorucuklu S., Sunar Cerci D., Grynyov B., Levchuk L., Bhal E., Bologna S., Brooke J.J., Clement E., Cussans D., Flacher H., Goldstein J., Heath G.P., Heath H.F., Kreczko L., Krikler B., Paramesvaran S., Sakuma T., Seif El Nasr-Storey S., Smith V.J., Taylor J., Titterton A., Bell K.W., Brew C., Brown R.M., Cockerill D.J.A., Ellis K.V., Harder K., Harper S., Linacre J., Manolopoulos K., Newbold D.M., Olaiya E., Petyt D., Reis T., Schuh T., Shepherd-Themistocleous C.H., Thea A., Tomalin I.R., Williams T., Bainbridge R., Bloch P., Bonomally S., Borg J., Breeze S., Buchmuller O., Bundock A., Cepaitis V., Chahal G.S., Colling D., Dauncey P., Davies G., Della Negra M., Everaerts P., Fedi G., Hall G., Iles G., Langford J., Lyons L., Magnan A.-M., Malik S., Martelli A., Milosevic V., Nash J., Palladino V., Pesaresi M., Raymond D.M., Richards A., Rose A., Scott E., Seez C., Shtipliyski A., Stoye M., Tapper A., Uchida K., Virdee T., Wardle N., Webb S.N., Winterbottom D., Zecchinelli A.G., Zenz S.C., Cole J.E., Hobson P.R., Khan A., Kyberd P., Mackay C.K., Reid I.D., Teodorescu L., Zahid S., Brinkerhoff A., Call K., Caraway B., Dittmann J., Hatakeyama K., Kanuganti A.R., Madrid C., McMaster B., Pastika N., Sawant S., Smith C., Bartek R., Dominguez A., Uniyal R., Vargas Hernandez A.M., Buccilli A., Charaf O., Cooper S.I., Gleyzer S.V., Henderson C., Rumerio P., West C., Akpinar A., Albert A., Arcaro D., Cosby C., Demiragli Z., Gastler D., Richardson C., Rohlf J., Salyer K., Sperka D., Spitzbart D., Suarez I., Yuan S., Zou D., Benelli G., Burkle B., Coubez X., Cutts D., Duh Y.T., Hadley M., Heintz U., Hogan J.M., Kwok K.H.M., Laird E., Landsberg G., Lau K.T., Narain M., Sagir S., Syarif R., Usai E., Wong W.Y., Yu D., Zhang W., Band R., Brainerd C., Breedon R., Calderon De La Barca Sanchez M., Chertok M., Conway J., Conway R., Cox P.T., Erbacher R., Flores C., Funk G., Jensen F., Ko W., Kukral O., Lander R., Mulhearn M., Pellett D., Pilot J., Shi M., Taylor D., Tos K., Tripathi M., Yao Y., Zhang F., Bachtis M., Cousins R., Dasgupta A., Florent A., Hamilton D., Hauser J., Ignatenko M., Lam T., McColl N., Nash W.A., Regnard S., Saltzberg D., Schnaible C., Stone B., Valuev V., Burt K., Chen Y., Clare R., Gary J.W., Ghiasi Shirazi S.M.A., Hanson G., Karapostoli G., Long O.R., Manganelli N., Olmedo Negrete M., Paneva M.I., Si W., Wimpenny S., Zhang Y., Branson J.G., Cittolin S., Cooperstein S., Deelen N., Derdzinski M., Duarte J., Gerosa R., Gilbert D., Hashemi B., Klein D., Krutelyov V., Letts J., Masciovecchio M., May S., Padhi S., Pieri M., Sharma V., Tadel M., Wurthwein F., Yagil A., Amin N., Campagnari C., Citron M., Dorsett A., Dutta V., Incandela J., Marsh B., Mei H., Ovcharova A., Qu H., Quinnan M., Richman J., Sarica U., Stuart D., Wang S., Anderson D., Bornheim A., Cerri O., Dutta I., Lawhorn J.M., Lu N., Mao J., Newman H.B., Nguyen T.Q., Pata J., Spiropulu M., Vlimant J.R., Xie S., Zhang Z., Zhu R.Y., Alison J., Andrews M.B., Ferguson T., Mudholkar T., Paulini M., Sun M., Vorobiev I., Cumalat J.P., Ford W.T., Macdonald E., Mulholland T., Patel R., Perloff A., Stenson K., Ulmer K.A., Wagner S.R., Alexander J., Cheng Y., Chu J., Cranshaw D.J., Datta A., Frankenthal A., McDermott K., Monroy J., Patterson J.R., Quach D., Ryd A., Sun W., Tan S.M., Tao Z., Thom J., Wittich P., Zientek M., Abdullin S., Albrow M., Alyari M., Apollinari G., Apresyan A., Apyan A., Bauerdick L.A.T., Beretvas A., Berry D., Berryhill J., Bhat P.C., Burkett K., Butler J.N., Canepa A., Cerati G.B., Cheung H.W.K., Chlebana F., Cremonesi M., Elvira V.D., Freeman J., Gecse Z., Gottschalk E., Gray L., Green D., Grunendahl S., Gutsche O., Harris R.M., Hasegawa S., Heller R., Herwig T.C., Hirschauer J., Jayatilaka B., Jindariani S., Johnson M., Joshi U., Klijnsma T., Klima B., Kortelainen M.J., Lammel S., Lincoln D., Lipton R., Liu M., Liu T., Lykken J., Maeshima K., Mason D., McBride P., Merkel P., Mrenna S., Nahn S., O'Dell V., Papadimitriou V., Pedro K., Pena C., Prokofyev O., Ravera F., Reinsvold Hall A., Ristori L., Schneider B., Sexton-Kennedy E., Smith N., Soha A., Spalding W.J., Spiegel L., Stoynev S., Strait J., Taylor L., Tkaczyk S., Tran N.V., Uplegger L., Vaandering E.W., Wang M., Weber H.A., Woodard A., Acosta D., Avery P., Bourilkov D., Cadamuro L., Cherepanov V., Errico F., Field R.D., Guerrero D., Joshi B.M., Kim M., Konigsberg J., Korytov A., Lo K.H., Matchev K., Menendez N., Mitselmakher G., Rosenzweig D., Shi K., Zuo X., Joshi Y.R., Adams T., Askew A., Diaz D., Habibullah R., Hagopian S., Hagopian V., Johnson K.F., Khurana R., Kolberg T., Martinez G., Prosper H., Schiber C., Yohay R., Zhang J., Baarmand M.M., Butalla S., Elkafrawy T., Hohlmann M., Noonan D., Rahmani M., Saunders M., Yumiceva F., Adams M.R., Apanasevich L., Becerril Gonzalez H., Cavanaugh R., Chen X., Dittmer S., Evdokimov O., Gerber C.E., Hangal D.A., Hofman D.J., Mills C., Oh G., Roy T., Tonjes M.B., Varelas N., Viinikainen J., Wang X., Wu Z., Alhusseini M., Bilki B., Dilsiz K., Durgut S., Gandrajula R.P., Haytmyradov M., Khristenko V., Koseyan O.K., Merlo J.-P., Mestvirishvili A., Moeller A., Nachtman J., Ogul H., Onel Y., Ozok F., Penzo A., Snyder C., Tiras E., Wetzel J., Yi K., Amram O., Blumenfeld B., Corcodilos L., Eminizer M., Gritsan A.V., Kyriacou S., Maksimovic P., Mantilla C., Roskes J., Swartz M., Vami T.A., Baringer P., Bean A., Bylinkin A., King J., Krintiras G., Kropivnitskaya A., Murray M., Rogan C., Sanders S., Schmitz E., Tapia Takaki J.D., Wilson G., Duric S., Ivanov A., Kaadze K., Kim D., Maravin Y., Mendis D.R., Mitchell T., Modak A., Mohammadi A., Rebassoo F., Wright D., Adams E., Baden A., Baron O., Belloni A., Eno S.C., Feng Y., Hadley N.J., Jabeen S., Jeng G.Y., Kellogg R.G., Koeth T., Mignerey A.C., Nabili S., Seidel M., Skuja A., Tonwar S.C., Wang L., Wong K., Abercrombie D., Allen B., Bi R., Brandt S., Busza W., Cali I.A., D'Alfonso M., Gomez Ceballos G., Goncharov M., Harris P., Hsu D., Hu M., Klute M., Kovalskyi D., Krupa J., Lee Y.-J., Luckey P.D., Maier B., Marini A.C., McGinn C., Mironov C., Narayanan S., Niu X., Paus C., Rankin D., Roland C., Roland G., Shi Z., Stephans G.S.F., Sumorok K., Tatar K., Velicanu D., Wang T.W., Wang Z., Wyslouch B., Chatterjee R.M., Evans A., Guts S., Hansen P., Hiltbrand J., Krohn M., Kubota Y., Lesko Z., Mans J., Revering M., Rusack R., Saradhy R., Schroeder N., Strobbe N., Wadud M.A., Acosta J.G., Oliveros S., Bloom K., Claes D.R., Fangmeier C., Finco L., Golf F., Gonzalez Fernandez J.R., Kravchenko I., Siado J.E., Snow G.R., Stieger B., Tabb W., Agarwal G., Harrington C., Hay L., Iashvili I., Kharchilava A., McLean C., Nguyen D., Parker A., Pekkanen J., Rappoccio S., Roozbahani B., Alverson G., Barberis E., Freer C., Haddad Y., Hortiangtham A., Madigan G., Marzocchi B., Morse D.M., Nguyen V., Orimoto T., Skinnari L., Tishelman-Charny A., Wamorkar T., Wang B., Wisecarver A., Wood D., Bueghly J., Chen Z., Gilbert A., Gunter T., Hahn K.A., Odell N., Schmitt M.H., Sung K., Velasco M., Bucci R., Dev N., Goldouzian R., Hildreth M., Hurtado Anampa K., Jessop C., Karmgard D.J., Lannon K., Li W., Loukas N., Marinelli N., McAlister I., Meng F., Mohrman K., Musienko Y., Ruchti R., Siddireddy P., Taroni S., Wayne M., Wightman A., Wolf M., Zygala L., Alimena J., Bylsma B., Cardwell B., Durkin L.S., Francis B., Hill C., Lefeld A., Winer B.L., Yates B.R., Dezoort G., Elmer P., Greenberg B., Haubrich N., Higginbotham S., Kalogeropoulos A., Kopp G., Kwan S., Lange D., Lucchini M.T., Luo J., Marlow D., Mei K., Ojalvo I., Olsen J., Palmer C., Piroue P., Stickland D., Tully C., Norberg S., Barnes V.E., Chawla R., Das S., Gutay L., Jones M., Jung A.W., Mahakud B., Negro G., Neumeister N., Peng C.C., Piperov S., Qiu H., Schulte J.F., Trevisani N., Wang F., Xiao R., Xie W., Cheng T., Dolen J., Parashar N., Stojanovic M., Baty A., Dildick S., Ecklund K.M., Freed S., Geurts F.J.M., Kilpatrick M., Padley B.P., Redjimi R., Roberts J., Rorie J., Shi W., Stahl Leiton A.G., Zhang A., Bodek A., De Barbaro P., Demina R., Dulemba J.L., Fallon C., Ferbel T., Galanti M., Garcia-Bellido A., Hindrichs O., Khukhunaishvili A., Ranken E., Taus R., Ciesielski R., Chiarito B., Chou J.P., Gandrakota A., Gershtein Y., Halkiadakis E., Hart A., Heindl M., Hughes E., Kaplan S., Karacheban O., Laflotte I., Lath A., Montalvo R., Nash K., Osherson M., Salur S., Schnetzer S., Somalwar S., Stone R., Thayil S.A., Thomas S., Acharya H., Delannoy A.G., Spanier S., Bouhali O., Dalchenko M., Delgado A., Eusebi R., Gilmore J., Huang T., Kamon T., Luo S., Malhotra S., Mueller R., Overton D., Pernie L., Rathjens D., Safonov A., Sturdy J., Akchurin N., Damgov J., Hegde V., Kunori S., Lamichhane K., Mengke T., Muthumuni S., Peltola T., Undleeb S., Volobouev I., Whitbeck A., Appelt E., Greene S., Gurrola A., Janjam R., Johns W., Maguire C., Melo A., Ni H., Padeken K., Romeo F., Sheldon P., Tuo S., Velkovska J., Verweij M., Ang L., Arenton M.W., Cox B., Cummings G., Hakala J., Hirosky R., Joyce M., Ledovskoy A., Neu C., Tannenwald B., Wolfe E., Xia F., Karchin P.E., Poudyal N., Thapa P., Black K., Bose T., Buchanan J., Caillol C., Dasu S., De Bruyn I., Galloni C., He H., Herndon M., Herve A., Hussain U., Lanaro A., Loeliger A., Loveless R., Madhusudanan Sreekala J., Mallampalli A., Pinna D., Ruggles T., Savin A., Shang V., Smith W.H., Teague D., Trembath-Reichert S., Vetens W., Antchev G., Aspell P., Atanassov I., Avati V., Baechler J., Baldenegro Barrera C., Berardi V., Berretti M., Borchsh V., Bossini E., Bottigli U., Bozzo M., Burkhardt H., Cafagna F.S., Catanesi M.G., Csanad M., Csorgo T., Deile M., De Leonardis F., Doubek M., Druzhkin D., Eggert K., Eremin V., Fiergolski A., Forthomme L., Garcia F., Georgiev V., Giani S., Grzanka L., Hammerbauer J., Isidori T., Ivanchenko V., Janda M., Karev A., Kaspar J., Kaynak B., Kopal J., Kundrat V., Lami S., Linhart R., Lindsey C., Lokajicek M.V., Losurdo L., Lucas Rodriguez F., Macri M., Malawski M., Minafra N., Minutoli S., Naaranoja T., Nemes F., Niewiadomski H., Novak T., Oliveri E., Oljemark F., Oriunno M., Osterberg K., Palazzi P., Passaro V., Peroutka Z., Prochazka J., Quinto M., Radermacher E., Radicioni E., Ravotti F., Royon C., Ruggiero G., Saarikko H., Samoylenko V.D., Scribano A., Siroky J., Smajek J., Snoeys W., Stefanovitch R., Sziklai J., Taylor C., Tcherniaev E., Turini N., Urban O., Vacek V., Vavroch O., Welti J., Williams J., Zich J., Zielinski K., Physics, Elementary Particle Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, and Vriendenkring VUB
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Particle physics ,ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTERSYSTEMIMPLEMENTATION ,Proton ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,dijet events ,01 natural sciences ,7. Clean energy ,0103 physical sciences ,Jets ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,Color Singlet Exchange ,Particles & ,particle physics ,010306 general physics ,LHC, CMS, pp interactions ,Nuclear Experiment ,Hadron colliders ,Quantum chromodynamics ,Physics ,Luminosity (scattering theory) ,Fields ,ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION ,Quark & gluon jets ,Particles & Fields ,hep-ex ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Angular distance ,Proton-Gap-Jet-Gap-Jet ,Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale ,Física ,Charged particle ,Quark & ,Pseudorapidity ,ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING ,gluon jets ,Production (computer science) ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,proton-proton collisions ,LHC ,color-singled exchange ,Energy (signal processing) - Abstract
CMS Collaboration, TOTEM Collaboration: et al., Events where the two leading jets are separated by a pseudorapidity interval devoid of particle activity, known as jet-gap-jet events, are studied in proton-proton collisions at √s=13 TeV. The signature is expected from hard color-singlet exchange. Each of the highest transverse momentum (pT) jets must have pjetT>40 GeV and pseudorapidity 1.40.2 GeV in the interval |η, Funded by SCOAP3., Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie program and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, Contract No. 675440, No. 724704, No. 752730, and No. 765710 (European Union); CERN; the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigación Científica y Tecnica de Excelencia María de Maeztu, Grant No. MDM-2015-0509 and the Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias.
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- 2021
3. Modeling the Timing Characteristics of the PICOSEC Micromegas Detector
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C. Lampoudis, Thomas Papaevangelou, M. Kebbiri, I. Manthos, Binbin Qi, Spyros Tzamarias, Filippo Resnati, Sebastian N. White, M. Lisowska, R. Veenhof, L. Sohl, D. Desforge, G. Fanourakis, J. Liu, Ioannis Giomataris, M. van Stenis, K. Paraschou, Zhiyong Zhang, Y. Tsipolitis, Dimitrios Sampsonidis, O. Maillard, P. Legou, K. Kordas, Michal Pomorski, F.J. Iguaz, Y. Zhou, Eraldo Oliveri, C. David, A. Utrobicic, Florian M. Brunbauer, L. Scharenberg, V. Niaouris, Francisco Garcia, Thomas Gustavsson, Thomas Schneider, M. Lupberger, J. Bortfeldt, Leszek Ropelewski, Hans Muller, Xin Wang, Michele Gallinaro, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Interactions, Dynamiques et Lasers (ex SPAM) (LIDyl), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, CERN [Genève], National Center for Scientific Research 'Demokritos' (NCSR), Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University of Science and Technology of China [Hefei] (USTC), Laboratoire Capteurs Diamant (LCD-LIST), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), and National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA)
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Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Photon ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,FOS: Physical sciences ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,Arrival time ,Signal ,Gaseous detectors ,0103 physical sciences ,Phenomenological model ,photons ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det] ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,Timing resolution ,signal processing ,physics.ins-det ,Physics ,instrumentation ,detector ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Resolution (electron density) ,Modeling ,Drift field ,MicroMegas detector ,Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det) ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,simulation ,Computational physics ,Pulse (physics) ,laser ,0210 nano-technology ,ionizing radiation ,Micromegas - Abstract
The PICOSEC Micromegas detector can time the arrival of Minimum Ionizing Particles with a sub-25 ps precision. A very good timing resolution in detecting single photons is also demonstrated in laser beams. The PICOSEC timing resolution is determined mainly by the drift field. The arrival time of the signal and the timing resolution vary with the size of the pulse amplitude. Detailed simulations based on GARFIELD++ reproduce the experimental PICOSEC timing characteristics. This agreement is exploited to identify the microscopic physical variables, which determine the observed timing properties. In these studies, several counter-intuitive observations are made for the behavior of such microscopic variables. In order to gain insight on the main physical mechanisms causing the observed behavior, a phenomenological model is constructed and presented. The model is based on a simple mechanism of "time-gain per interaction" and it employs a statistical description of the avalanche evolution. It describes quantitatively the dynamical and statistical properties of the microscopic quantities, which determine the PICOSEC timing characteristics, in excellent agreement with the simulations. In parallel, it offers phenomenological explanations for the behavior of these microscopic variables. The formulae expressing this model can be used as a tool for fast and reliable predictions, provided that the input parameter values (e.g. drift velocities) are known for the considered operating conditions., Comment: Corresponding author S. E. Tzamarias, 47 pages, 19 figures, 2 appendices, 8 tables
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- 2021
4. Optical Readout Studies of the Thick-COBRA Gaseous Detector
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Dorothea Pfeiffer, Florian M. Brunbauer, Francisco Garcia, Fabio Sauli, Augusto Silva, J.F.C.A. Veloso, R. Veenhof, M. Lisowska, Eraldo Oliveri, Leszek Ropelewski, Hans Muller, J. Samarati, L. Scharenberg, M. van Stenis, and Helsinki Institute of Physics
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J.2 ,Materials science ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,Scintillators, scintillation and light emission processes (solid gas, and liquid scintillators) ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,FOS: Physical sciences ,STRIPS ,114 Physical sciences ,7. Clean energy ,01 natural sciences ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,law.invention ,Gaseous detectors ,03 medical and health sciences ,Electron multipliers (gas) ,0302 clinical medicine ,Optics ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,Instrumentation ,physics.ins-det ,Mathematical Physics ,Event reconstruction ,Charge transport and multiplication in gas ,Scintillation ,GEM ,EVENT RECONSTRUCTION ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,business.industry ,Biasing ,Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det) ,Anode ,Light emission ,business - Abstract
The performance of a Thick-COBRA (THCOBRA) gaseous detector is studied using an optical readout technique. The operation principle of this device is described, highlighting its operation in a gas mixture of Ar/CF4 (80/20%) for visible scintillation light emission. The contributions to the total gain from the holes and the anode strips as a function of the applied bias voltage were visualized. The preservation of spatial information from the initial ionizations was demonstrated by analyzing the light emission from 5.9keV X-rays of an 55Fe source. The observed non-uniformity of the scintillation light from the holes supports the claim of a space localization accuracy better than the pitch of the holes. The acquired images were used to identify weak points and sources of instabilities in view of the development of new optimized structures., 12 pages, 11 figures
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- 2020
5. Elastic differential cross-section $${\mathrm{d}}\sigma /{\mathrm{d}}t$$ at $$\sqrt{s}=2.76\hbox { TeV}$$ and implications on the existence of a colourless C-odd three-gluon compound state
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Tamás Csörgő, J. Kopal, J. Kašpar, Eraldo Oliveri, M. M. Macri, Federico Ravotti, T. Naaranoja, Cole Lindsey, L. Losurdo, Vladimir Ivanchenko, F. S. Cafagna, Vincenzo Berardi, D. Druzhkin, E. Bossini, M. Oriunno, Marco Bozzo, Evgueni Tcherniaev, Georgy Antchev, A. Fiergolski, V. Kundrát, Joachim Baechler, Helmut Burkhardt, F. Oljemark, S. Gianì, Maciej Malawski, J. Hammerbauer, W. Snoeys, S. Lami, M. G. Catanesi, Vjaceslav Georgiev, Enrico Robutti, P. Aspell, H. Saarikko, R. Lauhakangas, J. Sziklai, Milos Lokajicek, Mirko Berretti, E. Radicioni, V. K. Eremin, Valentina Avati, G. Ruggiero, Nicola Minafra, A. Scribano, Tamas Novak, M. Lo Vetere, Leszek Grzanka, Vaclav Vacek, E. Radermacher, C. Taylor, Martin Doubek, F. De Leonardis, S. Minutoli, J. Smajek, F. Lucas Rodríguez, I. Atanassov, Giuseppe Latino, Justin Williams, Christophe Royon, M. Csanad, Ubaldo Bottigli, Nicola Turini, Mario Deile, Zdenek Peroutka, Fabrizio Ferro, H. Niewiadomski, Francisco Garcia, Frigyes Nemes, J. Procházka, C. Baldenegro Barrera, P. Palazzi, K. Osterberg, J. Welti, M. Quinto, K. Eggert, and Vittorio M. N. Passaro
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Physics ,Elastic scattering ,Particle physics ,Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous) ,Meson ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Scattering ,Hadron ,Elementary particle ,01 natural sciences ,Baryon ,Scattering amplitude ,0103 physical sciences ,010306 general physics ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Energy (signal processing) - Abstract
The proton–proton elastic differential cross section $${\mathrm{d}}\sigma /{\mathrm{d}}t$$dσ/dt has been measured by the TOTEM experiment at $$\sqrt{s}=2.76\hbox { TeV}$$s=2.76TeV energy with $$\beta ^{*}=11\hbox { m}$$β∗=11m beam optics. The Roman Pots were inserted to 13 times the transverse beam size from the beam, which allowed to measure the differential cross-section of elastic scattering in a range of the squared four-momentum transfer (|t|) from 0.36 to $$0.74\hbox { GeV}^{2}$$0.74GeV2. The differential cross-section can be described with an exponential in the |t|-range between 0.36 and $$0.54\hbox { GeV}^{2}$$0.54GeV2, followed by a diffractive minimum (dip) at $$|t_{\mathrm{dip}}|=(0.61\pm 0.03)\hbox { GeV}^{2}$$|tdip|=(0.61±0.03)GeV2 and a subsequent maximum (bump). The ratio of the $${\mathrm{d}}\sigma /{\mathrm{d}}t$$dσ/dt at the bump and at the dip is $$1.7\pm 0.2$$1.7±0.2. When compared to the proton–antiproton measurement of the D0 experiment at $$\sqrt{s} = 1.96\hbox { TeV}$$s=1.96TeV, a significant difference can be observed. Under the condition that the effects due to the energy difference between TOTEM and D0 can be neglected, the result provides evidence for the exchange of a colourless C-odd three-gluon compound state in the t-channel of the proton–proton and proton–antiproton elastic scattering.
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- 2020
6. Resolving soft X-ray absorption in energy, space and time in gaseous detectors using the VMM3a ASIC and the SRS
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L. Scharenberg, Dorothea Pfeiffer, Hans Muller, A. Utrobicic, Florian M. Brunbauer, M. Lupberger, Eraldo Oliveri, J. Samarati, M. Lisowska, M. van Stenis, L. Ropelewski, Klaus Kurt Desch, M. Hracek, and Rob Veenhof
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Physics ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Photon ,Drift velocity ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,business.industry ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,Detector ,Attenuation length ,Integrated circuit ,Nanosecond ,01 natural sciences ,Particle detector ,law.invention ,Optics ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,010306 general physics ,Absorption (electromagnetic radiation) ,business ,Instrumentation - Abstract
The implementation of the VMM3a Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) into the Scalable Readout System (SRS) has opened a new domain for measurements with Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors (MPGDs). In the presented studies we demonstrate the capabilities of this system, specifically the time-resolution in the nanosecond regime in combination with a continuous multichannel readout and a 10-bit ADC. We can now resolve the interaction of argon fluorescence X-ray photons created in a gaseous detector and utilise these interactions to determine the electron drift velocity in our detector and to investigate the attenuation length of the fluorescence photons.
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- 2020
7. Minimizing distortions with sectored GEM electrodes
- Author
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M. van Stenis, Shang Lunlin, Dorothea Pfeiffer, A.P. Marques, L. Ropelewski, Eraldo Oliveri, Hans Muller, S. Williams, Florian M. Brunbauer, Fabio Sauli, Y. Zhou, R. De Oliveira, J. Samarati, and L. Scharenberg
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Physics ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Resistive touchscreen ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,business.industry ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,Detector ,High Energy Physics::Phenomenology ,Substrate (electronics) ,01 natural sciences ,Signal ,Blank ,Optics ,Distortion ,0103 physical sciences ,Electrode ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,010306 general physics ,business ,Instrumentation ,Energy (signal processing) - Abstract
Electrode sectorization is an important design principle for large area GEM based detectors. It reduces the energy of discharges and permits to disconnect defective or shorted sectors, but induces a local signal distortion and a potential efficiency loss. We implemented and evaluated a new design approach for the insulating gaps between electrode sectors, to minimize or mitigate distortions and dead regions. By preserving the hole pattern of GEMs even in the insulating region between electrode sectors, the response of the detector in these regions was partly recovered resulting in reduced distortions. Single-side sectored GEMs were optically read out to study the influence of different sectorization patterns. Recorded images show a clear improvement with full holes both aligned with the rows and with a random alignment as compared to the traditional blank insulating strip between sectors. A sectored GEM manufactured on a substrate coated with a resistive DLC layer was evaluated and shown to minimize distortions. The investigated sectorization patterns provide a way of recovering signals in the insulating or resistive regions between sectors in GEM-based detectors.
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- 2020
8. Radiation imaging with glass Micromegas
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T. Papaevangelou, E. C. Pollacco, Eraldo Oliveri, F.J. Iguaz, Filippo Resnati, L. Segui, O. Pizzirusso, B. Mehl, R. De Oliveira, E. Ferrer-Ribas, M. van Stenis, Leszek Ropelewski, Florian M. Brunbauer, D. Desforge, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay
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Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,01 natural sciences ,Electron avalanche ,Optics ,0103 physical sciences ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det] ,Instrumentation ,Image resolution ,Scintillation ,Optical readout ,010302 applied physics ,Physics ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,business.industry ,Detector ,Resolution (electron density) ,Radiation imaging ,MicroMegas detector ,Glass Micromegas ,Anode ,business ,Micromegas ,ITO ,MPGD - Abstract
International audience; Optically recording scintillation light emitted by MicroPattern Gaseous Detectors (MPGDs) with imaging sensors is a versatile and performant readout modality taking advantage of modern high granularity imaging sensors. To allow scintillation light readout of a detector based on MicroMesh Gaseous Structure (Micromegas) technology, we have integrated a Micromegas on a glass substrate with a transparent anode. In addition to optical detection of scintillation light emitted during electron avalanche multiplication between the micromesh and the anode, this setup also achieves a good energy resolution. A glass Micromegas detector was operated in an Ar/CF$_4$ gas mixture and showed a response comparable to conventional Micromegas detectors. The spectrum of the emitted scintillation light was recorded and shown to be equivalent to the one obtained with other gaseous detectors in the same gas mixture. Optically read out images were recorded with CCD cameras and integrated X-ray radiographic imaging with good spatial resolution was demonstrated. A spatial resolution of 440 μ m (10% MTF) was found. Single X-ray photon detection with a high-sensitivity camera was achieved, which potentially permits energy-resolved X-ray fluorescence imaging.
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- 2020
9. Live event reconstruction in an optically read out GEM-based TPC
- Author
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G Galgóczi, M. van Stenis, Leszek Ropelewski, D. Gonzalez Diaz, Florian M. Brunbauer, P. Thuiner, Eraldo Oliveri, Filippo Resnati, and Christina Streli
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Physics ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Photomultiplier ,Scintillation ,Time projection chamber ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,business.industry ,Track (disk drive) ,01 natural sciences ,Particle detector ,Light intensity ,Optics ,Data acquisition ,0103 physical sciences ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,010306 general physics ,business ,Instrumentation ,Event reconstruction - Abstract
Combining strong signal amplification made possible by Gaseous Electron Multipliers (GEMs) with the high spatial resolution provided by optical readout, highly performing radiation detectors can be realized. An optically read out GEM-based Time Projection Chamber (TPC) is presented. The device permits 3D track reconstruction by combining the 2D projections obtained with a CCD camera with timing information from a photomultiplier tube. Owing to the intuitive 2D representation of the tracks in the images and to automated control, data acquisition and event reconstruction algorithms, the optically read out TPC permits live display of reconstructed tracks in three dimensions. An Ar/CF4 (80/20%) gas mixture was used to maximize scintillation yield in the visible wavelength region matching the quantum efficiency of the camera. The device is integrated in a UHV-grade vessel allowing for precise control of the gas composition and purity. Long term studies in sealed mode operation revealed a minor decrease in the scintillation light intensity.
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- 2018
10. Combined Optical and Electronic Readout for Event Reconstruction in a GEM-Based TPC
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Florian M. Brunbauer, Leszek Ropelewski, Alois Lugstein, Francisco Garcia, P. Thuiner, Dorothea Pfeiffer, Markus Schinnerl, Eraldo Oliveri, Tero Korkalainen, M. Lupberger, and Helsinki Institute of Physics
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Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Photomultiplier ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,scintillation detectors ,micropattern gas chambers ,position sensitive detectors ,TIME PROJECTION CHAMBER ,Iterative reconstruction ,Event building ,114 Physical sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Particle detector ,Optics ,radiation detectors ,gaseous electron multiplier (GEM) detectors ,0103 physical sciences ,readout systems ,DETECTORS ,signal reconstruction ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,proportional gas scintillation detectors ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,010306 general physics ,Event reconstruction ,Physics ,Scintillation ,Time projection chamber ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,business.industry ,Detector ,optical signal detection ,particle detectors ,time projection chambers (TPCs) ,DARK-MATTER EXPERIMENT ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,business ,Event (particle physics) - Abstract
Optically read out time projection chambers (TPCs) based on gaseous electron multipliers (GEMs) combine 3-D event reconstruction capabilities with high spatial resolution and charge amplification factors. The approach of reconstructing particle tracks from 2-D projections obtained with imaging sensors and depth information from photomultiplier tubes is limited to specific cases such as straight particle trajectories. A combination of optical and electronic readout realized by a semitransparent anode placed between a triple-GEM stack and a camera in an optically read out TPC has been realized and used to reconstruct more complex particle tracks. High spatial resolution 2-D projections combined with a low number of charge readout channels enable accurate 3-D event topology reconstruction. Straight alpha tracks as well as more complex cosmic events have been reconstructed with the presented readout concept. Relative depth information from electronically read out charge signals has been combined with drift time information between primary and secondary scintillation pulses to absolute alpha track reconstructions.
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- 2018
11. A new technique to establish the uniformity of the induction gap in GEM based detectors
- Author
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L. Scharenberg, Mohit Gola, Rob Veenhof, Dorothea Pfeiffer, M. van Stenis, L. Ropelewski, Florian M. Brunbauer, M. Lisowska, A. Utrobicic, D. Janssens, Md. Naimuddin, A. Kumar, Hans Muller, and Eraldo Oliveri
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Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,FOS: Physical sciences ,STRIPS ,Signal ,High Energy Physics - Experiment ,law.invention ,High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex) ,law ,Electric field ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,physics.ins-det ,Instrumentation ,Physics ,Large Hadron Collider ,hep-ex ,business.industry ,Detector ,Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det) ,Chip ,Electrode ,Optoelectronics ,business ,Sensitivity (electronics) ,Particle Physics - Experiment - Abstract
This work explores the use of multichannel readout electronics, already in use for quality assurance in gain uniformity studies, to measure the uniformity of the induction gap in Gas Electron Multipliers (GEM) based detectors. The devised procedure also provides a qualification of the readout electrodes in terms of disconnected or shorted channels. The measurement is based on inducing a signal on the readout strips by pulsing the bottom layer of the GEM foil, and measuring the amplitude of the induced signal. In this work, signals are readout using the analog APV25 front-end chip and the Scalable Readout System (SRS) developed by the RD51 collaboration at CERN. Studies on small and large area GEM detectors, effects of mechanical stress, and of electric fields are presented. Sensitivity to defects in the readout plane is also verified. This work is proposing and exploring the use of multichannel readout electronics, already used in quality assurance for gain uniformity studies, to measure the uniformity of the induction gap in GEM based detectors. The measurement will furthermore provide a qualification of the readout electrodes in terms of disconnected or shorted channels. The proposed method relies on the dependence on the induction gap capacitance between the readout strips and the bottom of the GEM. The measurement is obtained inducing capacitively a signal on the readout strips pulsing the bottom layer of the GEM foil. In this work, the signals are read with the analog APV25 front-end chip and the RD51 Scalable Readout System (SRS). Studies on small and large area GEM detectors, relative variations under mechanical stress, and in presence of electrical fields will be shown. Sensitivity to defects in the readout plane will be proven.
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- 2021
12. The planispherical chamber: A parallax-free gaseous X-ray detector for imaging applications
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Leszek Ropelewski, P. Thuiner, M. van Stenis, Florian M. Brunbauer, Filippo Resnati, Fabio Sauli, and Eraldo Oliveri
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Physics ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Scintillation ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Field line ,business.industry ,Detector ,X-ray detector ,Electron ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,Optics ,law ,Electric field ,0103 physical sciences ,Pinhole camera ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,010306 general physics ,Parallax ,business ,Instrumentation - Abstract
Crystallography or X-ray fluorescence experiments which require good signal to noise ratios and high position resolution can take advantage of the outstanding signal amplification capabilities of MicroPattern Gaseous Detectors (MPGDs) such as Gaseous Electron Multipliers (GEMs) coupled with the position resolution achieved by optical readout realized with CCD or CMOS cameras. Increasing the detection probability of incident radiation with thicker drift volumes in these detectors leads to a spatial resolution-limiting parallax error when employing parallel electric field lines in the drift region. We describe a new GEM-based detector concept, consisting of a cathode, GEM electrodes and field shaping rings suitably segmented and powered to create a radial electric field, thus minimizing the parallax error. A CCD camera is used to record scintillation light originating from charge multiplication in the high field of the GEM holes in an Ar/CF 4 (80/20%) gas mixture. Assembled as pinhole camera, the device permits to obtain high detection efficiencies for soft X-rays, exempt from the parallax error intrinsic in the use of standard gaseous detectors with thick conversion layers. The use of several GEMs in cascade allows for high charge multiplication factors. Switching from straight to radially focused drift field lines, a significant reduction of the parallax error as well as an increased signal-to-noise ratio were achieved, effectively paving the way for applications such as X-ray crystallography realized with optically read out GEMs.
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- 2017
13. Elastic differential cross-section measurement at root s=13 TeV by TOTEM
- Author
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Helmut Burkhardt, Mate Csanad, V. K. Eremin, Nicola Minafra, Tamás Csörgő, M. Quinto, K. Eggert, Eraldo Oliveri, Mirko Berretti, Nicola Turini, Vjaceslav Georgiev, Milos Lokajicek, Robert Ciesielski, Christophe Royon, C. Baldenegro Barrera, Vittorio M. N. Passaro, M. Oriunno, Georgy Antchev, T. Naaranoja, Maciej Malawski, Vladimir Ivanchenko, F. S. Cafagna, F. Oljemark, A. Fiergolski, L. Losurdo, E. Radicioni, D. Druzhkin, Marco Bozzo, P. Aspell, J. Sziklai, Enrico Robutti, Evgueni Tcherniaev, M. G. Catanesi, H. Saarikko, V. Kundrát, A. Scribano, Vaclav Vacek, Mario Deile, J. Kopal, J. Kašpar, Joachim Baechler, S. Gianì, G. Ruggiero, P. Palazzi, C. Taylor, Federico Ravotti, M. Lo Vetere, K. Osterberg, J. Hammerbauer, W. Snoeys, J. Smajek, S. Minutoli, S. Lami, F. De Leonardis, F. Lucas Rodríguez, Leszek Grzanka, Tamas Novak, I. Atanassov, M. M. Macri, Valentina Avati, J. Procházka, Martin Doubek, J. Welti, R. Lauhakangas, Cole Lindsey, Vincenzo Berardi, Ubaldo Bottigli, Zdenek Peroutka, Fabrizio Ferro, H. Niewiadomski, E. Bossini, Francisco Garcia, Frigyes Nemes, E. Radermacher, Giuseppe Latino, Justin Williams, Helsinki Institute of Physics, and Department of Physics
- Subjects
cross-section ,Diffraction ,Scattering cross-section ,Particle physics ,differential ,Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous) ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,FOS: Physical sciences ,TOTEM ,nucl-ex ,01 natural sciences ,114 Physical sciences ,High Energy Physics - Experiment ,High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex) ,Angular distribution ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph) ,elastic ,0103 physical sciences ,TeV ,Nuclear Physics - Experiment ,Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex) ,010306 general physics ,Nuclear Experiment ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Particle Physics - Phenomenology ,Physics ,Series (mathematics) ,hep-ex ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Roman pot ,hep-ph ,Beam optics ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,measurement ,Particle Physics - Experiment ,Energy (signal processing) - Abstract
The TOTEM collaboration has measured the elastic proton-proton differential cross section ${\rm d}\sigma/{\rm d}t$ at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV LHC energy using dedicated $\beta^{*}=90$ m beam optics. The Roman Pot detectors were inserted to 10$\sigma$ distance from the LHC beam, which allowed the measurement of the range $[0.04$ GeV$^{2}$$; 4 $GeV$^{2}$$]$ in four-momentum transfer squared $|t|$. The efficient data acquisition allowed to collect about 10$^{9}$ elastic events to precisely measure the differential cross-section including the diffractive minimum (dip), the subsequent maximum (bump) and the large-$|t|$ tail. The average nuclear slope has been found to be $B=(20.40 \pm 0.002^{\rm stat} \pm 0.01^{\rm syst})~$GeV$^{-2}$ in the $|t|$-range $0.04~$GeV$^{2}$ to $0.2~$GeV$^{2}$. The dip position is $|t_{\rm dip}|=(0.47 \pm 0.004^{\rm stat} \pm 0.01^{\rm syst})~$GeV$^{2}$. The differential cross section ratio at the bump vs. at the dip $R=1.77\pm0.01^{\rm stat}$ has been measured with high precision. The series of TOTEM elastic pp measurements show that the dip is a permanent feature of the pp differential cross-section at the TeV scale., Comment: 76 authors, 20 pages, 11 figures, 5 tables
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- 2019
14. First determination of the $${\rho }$$ parameter at $${\sqrt{s} = 13}$$ TeV: probing the existence of a colourless C-odd three-gluon compound state
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J. Kopal, M. Oriunno, M. M. Macri, Gianluca Valentino, V. K. Eremin, Federico Ravotti, C. Baldenegro Barrera, V. Avati, P. Wyszkowski, A. Fiergolski, M. Lo Vetere, Belen Salvachua, Nicola Minafra, Tamas Novak, L. Losurdo, A. Mereghetti, Christophe Royon, M. Csanad, J. Procházka, E. Radermacher, Helmut Burkhardt, Giuseppe Latino, Tamás Csörgő, Georgy Antchev, Justin Williams, D. Druzhkin, J. Smajek, M. G. Catanesi, H. Saarikko, Ubaldo Bottigli, Maciej Malawski, J. Hammerbauer, Nicola Turini, Vaclav Vacek, Eraldo Oliveri, W. Snoeys, A. Scribano, J. Welti, Vjaceslav Georgiev, F. Oljemark, Zdenek Peroutka, Jorg Wenninger, Milos Lokajicek, J. Siroky, Martin Doubek, G. Ruggiero, S. Gianì, Fabrizio Ferro, J. Heino, I. Atanassov, S. Lami, J. Kaspar, Enrico Robutti, S. Minutoli, F. Lucas Rodríguez, Leszek Grzanka, P. Helander, Richard Linhart, E. Radicioni, R. Lauhakangas, V. Kundrát, Cole Lindsey, Vincenzo Berardi, H. Niewiadomski, E. Bossini, Francisco Garcia, M. Quinto, K. Eggert, Frigyes Nemes, T. Naaranoja, Vladimir Ivanchenko, F. S. Cafagna, P. Palazzi, A. Karev, K. Osterberg, Joachim Baechler, Roderik Bruce, Marco Bozzo, M. Janda, R. Stefanovitch, Daniele Mirarchi, P. Aspell, K. Zielinski, J. Sziklai, A. D'Orazio, Evgueni Tcherniaev, Vittorio M. N. Passaro, Tommaso Isidori, H. Garcia Morales, J. Zich, Mirko Berretti, C. Taylor, F. De Leonardis, Mario Deile, and Stefano Redaelli
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Quantum chromodynamics ,Elastic scattering ,Physics ,Particle physics ,Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous) ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,01 natural sciences ,Gluon ,Scattering amplitude ,Amplitude ,0103 physical sciences ,Bound state ,Coulomb ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ,010306 general physics ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Energy (signal processing) - Abstract
The TOTEM experiment at the LHC has performed the first measurement at $$\sqrt{s} = 13\,\mathrm{TeV}$$s=13TeV of the $$\rho $$ρ parameter, the real to imaginary ratio of the nuclear elastic scattering amplitude at $$t=0$$t=0, obtaining the following results: $$\rho = 0.09 \pm 0.01$$ρ=0.09±0.01 and $$\rho = 0.10 \pm 0.01$$ρ=0.10±0.01, depending on different physics assumptions and mathematical modelling. The unprecedented precision of the $$\rho $$ρ measurement, combined with the TOTEM total cross-section measurements in an energy range larger than $$10\,\mathrm{TeV}$$10TeV (from 2.76 to $$13\,\mathrm{TeV}$$13TeV), has implied the exclusion of all the models classified and published by COMPETE. The $$\rho $$ρ results obtained by TOTEM are compatible with the predictions, from other theoretical models both in the Regge-like framework and in the QCD framework, of a crossing-odd colourless 3-gluon compound state exchange in the t-channel of the proton–proton elastic scattering. On the contrary, if shown that the crossing-odd 3-gluon compound state t-channel exchange is not of importance for the description of elastic scattering, the $$\rho $$ρ value determined by TOTEM would represent a first evidence of a slowing down of the total cross-section growth at higher energies. The very low-|t| reach allowed also to determine the absolute normalisation using the Coulomb amplitude for the first time at the LHC and obtain a new total proton–proton cross-section measurement $$\sigma _{\mathrm{tot}} = (110.3 \pm 3.5)\,\mathrm{mb}$$σtot=(110.3±3.5)mb, completely independent from the previous TOTEM determination. Combining the two TOTEM results yields $$\sigma _{\mathrm{tot}} = (110.5 \pm 2.4)\,\mathrm{mb}$$σtot=(110.5±2.4)mb.
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- 2019
15. Charged particle timing at sub-25 picosecond precision: The PICOSEC detection concept
- Author
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S. N. White, O. Maillard, L. Ropelewski, Eraldo Oliveri, Filippo Resnati, J. Franchi, D. González-Díaz, Th. Papaevangelou, Ph. Schwemling, Binbin Qi, V. Niaouris, Dimitrios Sampsonidis, K. Paraschou, Ioannis Giomataris, J. Bortfeldt, F.J. Iguaz, Francisco Garcia, Rob Veenhof, Ioannis Manthos, Michele Gallinaro, Hans Muller, P. Thuiner, Thomas Gustavsson, L. Sohl, P. Legou, S.E. Tzamarias, Y. Zhou, Florian M. Brunbauer, C. David, D. Desforge, Z. P. Zhang, M. Kebbiri, Thomas Schneider, X. L. Wang, Michal Pomorski, M. Lupberger, Y. Tsipolitis, M. van Stenis, Georgios Fanourakis, J. Liu, Claude Guyot, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), National Center for Scientific Research 'Demokritos' (NCSR), Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade de Lisboa, University of Helsinki, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [Spain] (USC ), Biomolécules Excitées (DICO), Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire Interactions, Dynamiques et Lasers (ex SPAM) (LIDyl), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Science and Technology of China [Hefei] (USTC), Department of Physics [Thessaloniki], Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Laboratoire Capteurs Diamant (LCD-LIST), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), We acknowledge the financial support of the RD51 collaboration, in the framework of RD51 common projects, the Cross-Disciplinary Program on Instrumentation and Detection of CEA, the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China. We also thank K. Kordas for valuable suggestions concerning the analysis of the data. J. Bortfeldt acknowledges the support from the COFUND-FP-CERN-2014 program (grant number 665779). acknowledges the support from the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal (grants IF/00410/2012 and CERN/FIS-PAR/0006/2017). acknowledges the support from MINECO (Spain) under the Ramon y Cajal program (contract RYC-2015-18820). acknowledges the support from the Enhanced Eurotalents program, Spain (PCOFUND-GA-2013-600382). S. White acknowledges partial support through the US CMS program under DOE contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359., Helsinki Institute of Physics, Laboratoire Interactions, Dynamiques et Lasers (ex SPAM) (LIDyl), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Dynamique et Interactions en phase Condensée (DICO), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA))
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Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,Picosecond timing ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,FOS: Physical sciences ,[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex] ,01 natural sciences ,7. Clean energy ,114 Physical sciences ,Photocathode ,Optics ,0103 physical sciences ,Timing algorithms ,Photocathodes ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det] ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,010306 general physics ,Instrumentation ,physics.ins-det ,Cherenkov radiation ,Physics ,Resistive touchscreen ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics] ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,business.industry ,Detector ,MicroMegas detector ,Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det) ,Proof of concept ,Picosecond ,Femtosecond ,business ,Micromegas ,MPGD - Abstract
The PICOSEC detection concept consists in a "two-stage" Micromegas detector coupled to a Cherenkov radiator and equipped with a photocathode. A proof of concept has already been tested: a single-photoelectron response of 76 ps has been measured with a femtosecond UV laser at CEA/IRAMIS, while a time resolution of 24 ps with a mean yield of 10.4 photoelectrons has been measured for 150 GeV muons at the CERN SPS H4 secondary line. This work will present the main results of this prototype and the performance of the different detector configurations tested in 2016-18 beam campaigns: readouts (bulk, resistive, multipad) and photocathodes (metallic+CsI, pure metallic, diamond). Finally, the prospects for building a demonstrator based on PICOSEC detection concept for future experiments will be discussed. In particular, the scaling strategies for a large area coverage with a multichannel readout plane, the R\&D on solid converters for building a robust photocathode and the different resistive configurations for a robust readout., 4 pages, 7 figures, proceedings of the 14th Pisa Meeting on Advanced Detectors (PM2018), submitted to Nucl. Instr. Meth. A; version 2: 2 figures modified, minor changes in the text
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- 2019
16. Timing Performance of a Micro-Channel-Plate Photomultiplier Tube
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S. N. White, Z. P. Zhang, P. Thuiner, Thomas Gustavsson, Dimitrios Sampsonidis, Michal Pomorski, C. David, T. Papaevangelou, Y. Tsipolitis, S.E. Tzamarias, K. Paraschou, Florian M. Brunbauer, Francisco Garcia, Ioannis Giomataris, F.J. Iguaz, Y. Zhou, Georgios Fanourakis, Thomas Schneider, Rob Veenhof, Michele Gallinaro, M. Kebbiri, L. Ropelewski, P. Legou, X. L. Wang, V. Niaouris, K. Kordas, J. B. Liu, M. van Stenis, E. Scorsone, J. Bortfeldt, L. Sohl, Eraldo Oliveri, Filippo Resnati, Ph. Schwemling, Hans Muller, Ioannis Manthos, D. Desforge, Claude Guyot, M. Lupberger, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Interactions, Dynamiques et Lasers (ex SPAM) (LIDyl), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), and Helsinki Institute of Physics
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Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Photomultiplier ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,Cherenkov light ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,Physics::Medical Physics ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Monte-Carlo simulation ,114 Physical sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Signal ,Photocathode ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,law.invention ,Telescope ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Optics ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,MCP-PMT ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det] ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,Spatial dependence ,physics.ins-det ,Instrumentation ,Physics ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,business.industry ,Detector ,Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Time resolution ,Radius ,Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det) ,RESOLUTION ,t0-reference ,Microchannel plate detector ,business ,Beam test - Abstract
The spatial dependence of the timing performance of the R3809U-50 Micro-Channel-Plate PMT (MCP-PMT) by Hamamatsu was studied in high energy muon beams. Particle position information is provided by a GEM tracker telescope, while timing is measured relative to a second MCP-PMT, identical in construction. In the inner part of the circular active area (radius r$, Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, preprint submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods A
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- 2019
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17. PICOSEC-Micromegas: Robustness measurements and study of different photocathode materials
- Author
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Y. Zhou, P. Legou, L. Ropelewski, Francisco Garcia, Hans Muller, Jonathan Bortfeldt, D. González-Díaz, Dimitrios Sampsonidis, P. Thuiner, K. Paraschou, Thomas Gustavsson, Y. Tsipolitis, Ioannis Manthos, Rob Veenhof, Michele Gallinaro, Claude Guyot, Michal Pomorski, J. Franchi, Kostas Kordas, C. David, Binbin Qi, J. B. Liu, M. Kebbiri, L. Sohl, M. Lupberger, M. van Stenis, Florian M. Brunbauer, T. Papaevangelou, D. Desforge, S.E. Tzamarias, Thomas Schneider, X. L. Wang, Z. P. Zhang, E. Scorsone, Georgios Fanourakis, Filippo Resnati, Ph. Schwemling, Eraldo Oliveri, Ioannis Giomataris, S. N. White, F.J. Iguaz, V. Niaouris, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Interactions, Dynamiques et Lasers (ex SPAM) (LIDyl), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), and Helsinki Institute of Physics
- Subjects
History ,Materials science ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,02 engineering and technology ,Electron ,114 Physical sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Photocathode ,Education ,pi: irradiation ,Optics ,0103 physical sciences ,electrode: damage ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det] ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,time resolution ,Cherenkov radiation ,detector: design ,Jitter ,Resistive touchscreen ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,business.industry ,micro-pattern detector ,Detector ,MicroMegas detector ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,ion: flux ,Computer Science Applications ,Anode ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,cesium: iodine ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Micromegas ,performance - Abstract
Detectors with a time resolution of 20-30 ps and a reliable performance in high particles flux environments are necessary for an accurate vertex separation in future HEP experiments. The PICOSEC-Micromegas detector concept is a Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detector (MPGD) based solution addressing this particular challenge. The PICOSEC-Micromegas concept is based on a Micromegas detector coupled to a Cherenkov radiator and a photocathode. In this detector concept, all primary electrons are initiated in the photocathode and the time jitter fluctuations are reduced. Different resistive anode layers have been tested with the goal of preserving a stable detector operation in a high intensity pion beam. One important characteristic of a gaseous detector in a high flux environment is the ion backflow (IBF). That can cause damage to more fragile photocathode materials like CsI. Various types of photocathode materials have been tested in order to find a robust solution against IBF bombardment.
- Published
- 2018
18. Timing performance of a multi-pad PICOSEC-Micromegas detector prototype
- Author
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Binbin Qi, T. Papaevangelou, S.E. Tzamarias, Y. Tsipolitis, M. van Stenis, Francisco Garcia, O. Maillard, S. N. White, X. L. Wang, K. Kordas, Y. Zhou, Ioannis Giomataris, S. Aune, Florian M. Brunbauer, M. Lupberger, Michal Pomorski, C. David, Z. P. Zhang, Thomas Gustavsson, C. Lampoudis, A. Utrobicic, D. Desforge, L. Ropelewski, Thomas Schneider, Filippo Resnati, I. Maniatis, M. Lisowska, K. Paraschou, Ioannis Manthos, Eraldo Oliveri, Dimitrios Sampsonidis, Georgios Fanourakis, L. Sohl, J. B. Liu, J. Bortfeldt, F.J. Iguaz, Rob Veenhof, Michele Gallinaro, P. Legou, L. Scharenberg, M. Kebbiri, Hans Muller, A. Tsiamis, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Interactions, Dynamiques et Lasers (ex SPAM) (LIDyl), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dynamique et Interactions en phase Condensée (DICO), Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire Interactions, Dynamiques et Lasers (ex SPAM) (LIDyl), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biomolécules Excitées (DICO), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST)
- Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,FOS: Physical sciences ,01 natural sciences ,High Energy Physics - Experiment ,High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex) ,Gaseous detectors ,Optics ,Position (vector) ,Multi-pad ,0103 physical sciences ,[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex] ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det] ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,010306 general physics ,physics.ins-det ,Instrumentation ,detector: design ,Physics ,Muon ,hep-ex ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,business.industry ,Detector ,Time resolution ,MicroMegas detector ,Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det) ,Charged particle ,Anode ,efficiency ,muon: irradiation ,Picosecond ,business ,Particle Physics - Experiment ,Micromegas ,performance ,Beam (structure) - Abstract
The multi-pad PICOSEC-Micromegas is an improved detector prototype with a segmented anode, consisting of 19 hexagonal pads. Detailed studies are performed with data collected in a muon beam over four representative pads. We demonstrate that such a device, scalable to a larger area, provides excellent time resolution and detection efficiency. As expected from earlier single-cell device studies, we measure a time resolution of approximately 25 picoseconds for charged particles hitting near the anode pad centers, and up to 30 picoseconds at the pad edges. Here, we study in detail the effect of drift gap thickness non-uniformity on the timing performance and evaluate impact position based corrections to obtain a uniform timing response over the full detector coverage., Comment: 29 pages, 20 figures
- Published
- 2021
19. SRS VMM readout for Gadolinium GEM-based detector prototypes for the NMX instrument at ESS
- Author
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Florian M. Brunbauer, Leszek Ropelewski, Dorothea Pfeiffer, M. Lupberger, Miranda van Stenis, Hans Muller, P. Thuiner, Eraldo Oliveri, and Yan Huang
- Subjects
History ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Firmware ,Detector ,Readout electronics ,computer.software_genre ,Computer Science Applications ,Education ,Application-specific integrated circuit ,General purpose ,Scalability ,Neutron source ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,business ,Field-programmable gate array ,computer ,Computer hardware - Abstract
We report on further development and application of a general purpose readout system, the Scalable Readout System (SRS). The SRS was introduced by the RD51 collaboration in 2009 in a common effort. Several front-end Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) were implemented in the system, of which the APV25 is most commonly used. Recently, we implemented the VMM ASIC, developed to read out detectors of the ATLAS New Small Wheel. We developed hardware components as well as FPGA firmware and computer software. With this latest implementation called SRS VMM, other groups intend to perform experiments and detector R&D. In our application targeted at the NMX macromolecular diffractometer, one of the instruments foreseen at the European Spallation Source (ESS), SRS VMM was used to read out prototype detectors. Small scale versions were successfully tested at neutron sources and a full scale version was constructed. In those test beams, the feasibility of the detector and readout electronics design could be demonstrated.
- Published
- 2020
20. Precise Charged Particle Timing with the PICOSEC Detector
- Author
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Th. Papaevangelou, Hans Muller, Spyros Tzamarias, X. Wang, Claude Guyot, G. Fanourakis, M. van Stenis, M. Kebbiri, Dimitrios Sampsonidis, M. Lupberger, J. Bortfeldt, D. Desforge, Binbin Qi, Eraldo Oliveri, Michal Pomorski, C. David, F.J. Iguaz, J. Liu, J. Franchi, Sebastian N. White, Leszek Ropelewski, Zhiyong Zhang, K. Paraschou, L. Sohl, V. Niaouris, Filippo Resnati, Michele Gallinaro, Francisco Garcia, Florian M. Brunbauer, Y. Zhou, Ph. Schwemling, P. Thuiner, Thomas Gustavsson, K. Kordas, P. Legou, Thomas Schneider, I. Giomataris, I. Manthos, Y. Tsipolitis, R. Veenhof, O. Maillard, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Interactions, Dynamiques et Lasers (ex SPAM) (LIDyl), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, CERN [Genève], National Center for Scientific Research 'Demokritos' (NCSR), Laboratório de Instrumentačão e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University of Science and Technology of China [Hefei] (USTC), Laboratoire Capteurs Diamant (LCD-LIST), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), and Helsinki Institute of Physics
- Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,experimental methods ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,FOS: Physical sciences ,114 Physical sciences ,01 natural sciences ,7. Clean energy ,Photocathode ,electronic architecture ,modelling ,Optics ,0103 physical sciences ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det] ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,010306 general physics ,physics.ins-det ,time resolution ,Cherenkov radiation ,detector: design ,Physics ,instrumentation ,Muon ,detector ,irradiation ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,business.industry ,precision measurement ,Detector ,MicroMegas detector ,Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det) ,Photoelectric effect ,16. Peace & justice ,simulation ,Charged particle ,Cherenkov counter ,Radiator (engine cooling) ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,charged particle: detector ,business ,performance ,Micromegas - Abstract
The experimental requirements in near future accelerators (e.g. High Luminosity-LHC) has stimulated intense interest in development of detectors with high precision timing capabilities. With this as a goal, a new detection concept called PICOSEC, which is based to a "two-stage" MicroMegas detector coupled to a Cherenkov radiator equipped with a photocathode has been developed. Results obtained with this new detector yield a time resolution of 24\,ps for 150\,GeV muons and 76\,ps for single photoelectrons. In this paper we will report on the performance of the PICOSEC in test beams, as well as simulation studies and modelling of its timing characteristics., Comment: 7 pages, 7 figures, 10th Jubilee Conference of the Balkan Physical Union
- Published
- 2018
21. PICOSEC: Charged particle timing at sub-25 picosecond precision with a Micromegas based detector
- Author
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T. Papaevangelou, Michal Pomorski, Y. Zhou, O. Maillard, Zhiyong Zhang, L. Ropelewski, P. Thuiner, Thomas Gustavsson, Eraldo Oliveri, Ph. Schwemling, L. Sohl, K. Paraschou, Binbin Qi, Hans Muller, S. N. White, V. Niaouris, Jonathan Bortfeldt, F.J. Iguaz, C. David, P. Legou, Dimitrios Sampsonidis, S.E. Tzamarias, J. Franchi, Filippo Resnati, Diego González-Díaz, Ioannis Giomataris, Rob Veenhof, Michele Gallinaro, X. L. Wang, Florian M. Brunbauer, M. Kebbiri, Thomas Schneider, Y. Tsipolitis, D. Desforge, Claude Guyot, Ioannis Manthos, Georgios Fanourakis, M. Lupberger, M. van Stenis, J. Liu, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers ( IRFU ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay, European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, National Center for Scientific Research 'Demokritos' (NCSR), Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade de Lisboa, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [Spain] (USC ), Biomolécules Excitées (DICO), Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire Interactions, Dynamiques et Lasers (ex SPAM) (LIDyl), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Science and Technology of China [Hefei] (USTC), Department of Physics [Thessaloniki], Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Laboratoire Capteurs Diamant (LCD-LIST), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, National Technical University of Athens [Athens] (NTUA), support of the RD51 collaboration, Dynamique et Interactions en phase Condensée (DICO), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA))
- Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,Picosecond timing ,experimental methods ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,FOS: Physical sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Photocathode ,Nuclear physics ,[PHYS.MECA.MEMA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph] ,0103 physical sciences ,Timing algorithms ,Photocathodes ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det] ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,010306 general physics ,physics.ins-det ,Instrumentation ,time resolution ,[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det] ,Cherenkov radiation ,background: suppression ,Physics ,Large Hadron Collider ,Luminosity (scattering theory) ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Detector ,MicroMegas detector ,Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det) ,Charged particle ,[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry ,Cherenkov counter ,CERN LHC Coll ,pile-up ,Picosecond ,charged particle: detector ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph] ,Micromegas ,MPGD - Abstract
The prospect of pileup induced backgrounds at the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) has stimulated intense interest in developing technologies for charged particle detection with accurate timing at high rates. The required accuracy follows directly from the nominal interaction distribution within a bunch crossing ($\sigma_z\sim5$ cm, $\sigma_t\sim170$ ps). A time resolution of the order of 20-30 ps would lead to significant reduction of these backgrounds. With this goal, we present a new detection concept called PICOSEC, which is based on a "two-stage" Micromegas detector coupled to a Cherenkov radiator and equipped with a photocathode. First results obtained with this new detector yield a time resolution of 24 ps for 150 GeV muons, and 76 ps for single photoelectrons., Comment: 27 pages, 15 figures, preprint submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods A, v2: typos fixed and an improved discussion, v3: revised version
- Published
- 2018
22. Multi-GEM Detectors in High Particle Fluxes
- Author
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D. Gonzalez Diaz, R. Veenhof, Eraldo Oliveri, Dorothea Pfeiffer, M. van Stenis, L. Ropelewski, Filippo Resnati, Hans Muller, Christina Streli, P. Thuiner, Richard Hall-Wilton, and Silvia Franchino
- Subjects
Physics ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,QC1-999 ,Detector ,One stage ,Flux ,Function (mathematics) ,Electron ,01 natural sciences ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Ion ,Computational physics ,Reduction (complexity) ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,0103 physical sciences ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,Particle flux - Abstract
Gaseous Electron Multipliers (GEM) are well known for stable operation at high particle fluxes. We present a study of the intrinsic limits of GEMdetectors when exposed to very high particle fluxes of the order of MHz/mm2. We give an interpretation to the variations of the effective gain, which, as a function of the particle flux, first increases and then decreases. We also discuss the reduction of the ion back-flow with increasing flux. We present measurements and simulations of a triple GEM detector, describing its behaviour in terms of accumulation of positive ions that results in changes of the transfer fields and the amplification fields. The behaviour is expected to be common to all multi-stage amplification devices where the efficiency of transferring the electrons from one stage to the next one is not 100%.
- Published
- 2018
23. Evidence for non-exponential elastic proton–proton differential cross-section at low |t| and s=8TeV by TOTEM
- Author
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A. Buzzo, K. Osterberg, J. Welti, E. Lippmaa, Cataldo Guaragnella, J. Procházka, E. Robutti, R. Orava, J. Kaspar, M. Lo Vetere, K. Eggert, P. Aspell, A. D'Orazio, V. Kundrát, P. Wyszkowski, A. Fiergolski, J. Kopal, A. Scribano, S. Giani, Mario Deile, M. Doubek, J. Baechler, V. Berardi, M. Bozzo, Heimo Saarikko, M. Berretti, Vittorio M. N. Passaro, S. Lami, H. Niewiadomski, Mate Csanad, Carlo Edoardo Campanella, L. Grzanka, A. Karev, T. Sodzawiczny, T. Naaranoja, Tiziano Politi, J. Hammerbauer, W. Snoeys, F. Nemes, L. Ropelewski, J. Lippmaa, S. Minutoli, Lukas Palocko, Federico Ravotti, J. Heino, F. Lucas Rodríguez, Richard Linhart, V. Vacek, Francisco Garcia, Vincenzo Petruzzelli, C. Taylor, Francesco Prudenzano, F. De Leonardis, E. Radicioni, N. Minafra, Tamás Csörgő, M. G. Catanesi, J. Smajek, Eraldo Oliveri, I. Atanassov, A. Mercadante, K. Zielinski, J. Sziklai, Ubaldo Bottigli, L. Losurdo, Zdenek Peroutka, Fabrizio Ferro, P. Broulím, G. Ruggiero, M. Oriunno, P. Palazzi, M. Quinto, V. K. Eremin, M. Macrí, Edoardo Bossini, R. Lauhakangas, F. Cafagna, F. Oljemark, E. Radermacher, V. Avati, N. Turini, Giuseppe Latino, Vjaceslav Georgiev, Milos Lokajicek, and G. Antchev
- Subjects
Physics ,Elastic scattering ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Particle physics ,Proton ,Scattering ,Exponent ,Extrapolation ,Optical theorem ,Cubic function ,Exponential function - Abstract
The TOTEM experiment has made a precise measurement of the elastic proton–proton differential cross-section at the centre-of-mass energy s = 8 TeV based on a high-statistics data sample obtained with the β ⁎ = 90 m optics. Both the statistical and systematic uncertainties remain below 1%, except for the t-independent contribution from the overall normalisation. This unprecedented precision allows to exclude a purely exponential differential cross-section in the range of four-momentum transfer squared 0.027 | t | 0.2 GeV 2 with a significance greater than 7 σ . Two extended parametrisations, with quadratic and cubic polynomials in the exponent, are shown to be well compatible with the data. Using them for the differential cross-section extrapolation to t = 0 , and further applying the optical theorem, yields total cross-section estimates of ( 101.5 ± 2.1 ) mb and ( 101.9 ± 2.1 ) mb , respectively, in agreement with previous TOTEM measurements.
- Published
- 2015
24. Characterization of Micromegas with elongated pillars
- Author
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E. Farina, Paolo Iengo, Jonathan Bortfeldt, J. Wotschack, Eraldo Oliveri, D. Andreou, M. T. Camerlingo, Filipp Dubinin, J. Samarati, B. Alvarez Gonzalez, Ourania Sidiropoulou, Givi Sekhniaidze, and Liron Barak
- Subjects
Physics ,Resistive touchscreen ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,business.industry ,Detector ,Pillar ,MicroMegas detector ,STRIPS ,01 natural sciences ,Full width ,Characterization (materials science) ,law.invention ,Optics ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,010306 general physics ,business ,Instrumentation ,Mathematical Physics - Abstract
We present a resistive Micromegas detector built with two different pillar shapes. The pillars are elongated and extend in the direction orthogonal to the readout strips. One region features pillars of 2 mm × 0.2 mm with 4.8 mm pitch while in the other region the pillars extend over the full width of the detector. The larger surface of the pillars allows for a better adhesion to the readout structure and a more uniform amplification gap. Results on the detector performance for the two regions are presented. No striking performance differences between the two regions were found.
- Published
- 2017
25. Overview of large area triple-GEM detectors for the CMS forward muon upgrade
- Author
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Sw. Banerjee, Hafeez R Hoorani, G. Ryu, Marcello Maggi, Davide Piccolo, Sven Dildick, V. Bhopatkar, M.S. Ryu, Jay Hauser, E. Verhagen, Stefano Colafranceschi, Gyorgy Bencze, Luigi Guiducci, J. Bos, G. De Robertis, Roumyana Hadjiiska, Kerstin Hoepfner, O. Aboamer, S. Ferry, Leander Litov, Jared Sturdy, F. Cassese, Stefano Bianco, Suyong Choi, B. Pavlov, P. Altieri, Cesare Calabria, C. Riccardi, L.M. Pant, A. Rodrigues, A. Castaneda, Michael Tytgat, I. Vai, C. Asawatangtrakuldee, A. Magnani, R. De Oliveira, G. Passeggio, K. Mandal, J. Talvitie, M. Abbas, R. Yonamine, A. Celik, M. van Stenis, A. Conde Garcia, T. Maerschalk, S. Cauwenbergh, G. De Lentdecker, S. Krutelyov, A. Sharma, Georgi Sultanov, Marcello Abbrescia, J. Christiansen, M. Z. Wang, Sandor Czellar, S. Muhammad, A. Marchioro, S. Braibant, G. Endroczi, Guenakh Mitselmakher, M. Abi Akl, Marcus Hohlmann, P. Vitulo, A. Kumar, W. Ahmed, P. K. Mal, N. Zaganidis, Luigi Benussi, S. Salva, H. Kim, M. Naimuddin, Andrey Korytov, Yong Ban, B. Philipps, G. Raffone, A. K. Mohanty, A. Aleksandrov, Andrey Marinov, Plamen Iaydjiev, M. Choi, Duccio Abbaneo, Mariana Shopova, Piet Verwilligen, A. Radi, D. Y. Wang, Paolo Giacomelli, Nayana Majumdar, I. Furic, A. Ahmad, R. Sharma, A. Braghieri, Zoltan Szillasi, C. Caputo, S. L. Bally, R. Radogna, Michele Arturo Caponero, Rosamaria Venditti, A. Fenyvesi, U. Yang, Teruki Kamon, M. M. Dabrowski, Thomas Lenzi, A. Ranieri, Y. Assran, Y. G. Jeng, S. Nuzzo, G. Saviano, Anna Cimmino, V. Barashko, Jozsef Molnar, I. Awan, S.K. Swain, A. Puig Baranac, J. Gilmore, A. Zhang, A. Vorobyev, P. Aspell, A. Safonov, Paul Edmund Karchin, F. Loddo, A. Tatarinov, P. Barria, Sohini Roychowdhury, Mircho Rodozov, Serguei Volkov, Supratik Mukhopadhyay, B. Dorney, Aashaq Shah, F. Guilloux, Othmane Bouhali, A. Madorsky, A. Mohapatra, Eraldo Oliveri, V. Golovtsov, A. Gutierrez, T. Tuuva, J. Lee, F. Zenoni, P. Paolucci, J. A. Merlin, Salvatore Buontempo, H. Postema, Y. Yang, Anna Colaleo, G. Rashevski, I. Park, F. Errico, Francesca Romana Cavallo, Darin Acosta, Noemi Beni, Leszek Ropelewski, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,Nuclear engineering ,CMS ,GEM ,Micro-pattern gas detectors ,Tracking detectors ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Instrumentation ,Tracking (particle physics) ,01 natural sciences ,Nuclear physics ,instrumentation, measurements, CMS ,micro-pattern gas detectors ,tracking detectors ,nuclear and high energy physics ,Extended coverage ,0103 physical sciences ,Electronics ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det] ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,010306 general physics ,activity report ,Physics ,instrumentation ,Muon ,Luminosity (scattering theory) ,Large Hadron Collider ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale ,Detector ,spectrometer: upgrade ,Upgrade ,gas electron multiplier ,Physics::Accelerator Physics ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,measurements ,muon: spectrometer ,acceptance - Abstract
We report on the status of the project to install large-area triple-foil gas electron multiplier (GEM) detectors in the end-cap muon system of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the LHC operating at the high luminosity planned after the current period of data-taking (run 2). In the pseudo-rapidity region $1.6 < \lvert\eta\rvert < 2.4$, the GEM detectors will suppress the rate of background triggers while maintaining high trigger efficiency for low transverse momentum muons, and enhancing the robustness of muon detection in the high-flux environment of the end-cap region. GEM detectors will also be used to extend the range of muon identification up to about $\lvert\eta\rvert = 3.0$. We describe the design of the GEM chambers, readout electronics, and data acquisition system for the three stations in each endcap, located at increasing distances from the interaction point. For the intermediate station, the design is fixed and we describe plans to install several of the intermediate station detectors in the CMS detector during the current data-taking period, run 2. We describe the design and requirements for GEM (and other micro-pattern gas detector) systems for the innermost and outermost stations. Compact, fast-timing designs are under consideration for the innermost station. Mechanical design for the outermost station, which requires the largest detector area of the three stations, is also described. In order to cope with the harsh environment expected from the high luminosity LHC, the CMS forward muon system requires an upgrade. The two main challenges expected in this environment are an increase in the trigger rate and increased background radiation leading to a potential degradation of the particle ID performance. Additionally, upgrades to other subdetectors of CMS allow for extended coverage for particle tracking, and adding muon system coverage to this region will further enhance the performance of CMS.
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- 2016
26. The Resistive-Plate WELL with Argon mixtures - a robust gaseous radiation detector
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C.D.R. Azevedo, Michael Pitt, Joaquim M. F. dos Santos, J.F.C.A. Veloso, Eraldo Oliveri, Dan Shaked-Renous, Lior Arazi, L. Moleri, Amos Breskin, F. D. Amaro, Shikma Bressler, and Jana Schaarschmidt
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Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,Hadron ,FOS: Physical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Calorimetery ,Micropattern Gaseous detectors ,7. Clean energy ,01 natural sciences ,Particle detector ,High Energy Physics - Experiment ,Nuclear physics ,High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex) ,Pion ,0103 physical sciences ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,010306 general physics ,Instrumentation ,Physics ,Resistive touchscreen ,Muon ,Argon ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Detector ,Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det) ,chemistry ,Gas electron multiplier ,Atomic physics ,THGEM - Abstract
A thin single-element THGEM-based, Resistive-Plate WELL (RPWELL) detector was operated with 150 GeV/c muon and pion beams in Ne/(5%CH$_4$), Ar/(5%CH$_4$) and Ar/(7%CO$_2$); signals were recorded with 1 cm$^2$ square pads and SRS/APV25 electronics. Detection efficiency values greater than 98% were reached in all the gas mixtures, at average pad multiplicity of 1.2. The use of the 10$^9${\Omega}cm resistive plate resulted in a completely discharge-free operation also in intense pion beams. The efficiency remained essentially constant at 98-99% up to fluxes of $\sim$10$^4$Hz/cm$^2$, dropping by a few % when approaching 10$^5$ Hz/cm$^2$. These results pave the way towards cost-effective, robust, efficient, large-scale detectors for a variety of applications in future particle, astro-particle and applied fields. A potential target application is digital hadron calorimetry., Comment: presented at the 2016 VIenna Conf. On instrumentation. Submitted to the Conference proceedings
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- 2016
27. R&D on a new type of micropattern gaseous detector: The Fast Timing Micropattern detector
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A. Madorsky, A. Mohapatra, Eraldo Oliveri, V. Golovtsov, A. Gutierrez, G. Passeggio, T. Tuuva, J. Lee, F. Zenoni, P. Paolucci, P. Vitulo, Y. Assran, Asad Hussain Shah, M. van Stenis, C. Caputo, A. Sharma, J. Christiansen, Marcello Abbrescia, M. Choi, M. Abi Akl, A. Kumar, S. Cauwenbergh, Anna Cimmino, A. Vorobyev, G. De Lentdecker, Jozsef Molnar, Luigi Benussi, F. Cassese, S.K. Swain, Paolo Giacomelli, Stefano Colafranceschi, Plamen Iaydjiev, Leander Litov, E. Verhagen, R. Radogna, P. K. Mal, Gyorgy Bencze, Yong Ban, A. Zhang, H. Postema, G. Raffone, A. Rodrigues, Roumyana Hadjiiska, S. Muhammad, K. Mandal, T. Maerschalk, Kerstin Hoepfner, O. Aboamer, S. Ferry, Francesca Romana Cavallo, F. Loddo, Y. Yang, Andrey Korytov, Marcello Maggi, Davide Piccolo, Anna Colaleo, A. Aleksandrov, Jared Sturdy, C. Riccardi, Michael Tytgat, G. Endroczi, Sw. Banerjee, Noemi Beni, Duccio Abbaneo, A. Marchioro, S. Salva, Stefano Bianco, S. Krutelyov, G. Ryu, B. Philipps, J. A. Merlin, Georgi Sultanov, J. Talvitie, Salvatore Buontempo, A. Castaneda, Martina Ressegotti, M. Naimuddin, D. Y. Wang, Jay Hauser, I. Park, M. M. Dabrowski, I. Awan, A. Fenyvesi, A. Ranieri, Sandor Czellar, Y. G. Jeng, P. Aspell, Rosamaria Venditti, F. Errico, G. Rashevski, Paul Edmund Karchin, Piet Verwilligen, A. Radi, Andrey Marinov, Michele Arturo Caponero, U. Yang, Zoltan Szillasi, Teruki Kamon, S. Nuzzo, Hafeez R Hoorani, G. Saviano, Thomas Lenzi, M.S. Ryu, A. Tatarinov, M. Z. Wang, A. Puig Baranac, J. Gilmore, P. Barria, A. Braghieri, A. Safonov, J. Bos, G. De Robertis, Marcus Hohlmann, Supratik Mukhopadhyay, Mariana Shopova, Sven Dildick, Suyong Choi, Cesare Calabria, L.M. Pant, A. Magnani, B. Pavlov, S. Braibant, C. Asawatangtrakuldee, R. Yonamine, Guenakh Mitselmakher, R. Sharma, W. Ahmed, N. Zaganidis, V. Barashko, Nayana Majumdar, H. Kim, A. Conde Garcia, S. L. Bally, P. Altieri, I. Vai, I. Furic, A. Ahmad, M. Abbas, Luigi Guiducci, Darin Acosta, A. Celik, Leszek Ropelewski, F. Guilloux, Othmane Bouhali, Sohini Roychowdhury, V. Bhopatkar, Mircho Rodozov, Serguei Volkov, B. Dorney, Francesco Fallavollita, R. De Oliveira, A. K. Mohanty, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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CMS ,Micropattern gaseous detectors ,RWELL ,Time resolution ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Instrumentation ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,01 natural sciences ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Gaseous detectors ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Optics ,0103 physical sciences ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det] ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,Physics ,Resistive touchscreen ,Muon ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,business.industry ,Detector ,Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale ,Physics::Accelerator Physics ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,business - Abstract
Micropattern gaseous detectors (MPGD) underwent significant upgrades in recent years, introducing resistive materials to build compact spark-protected devices. Exploiting this technology further, various features such as space and time resolution, rate capability, sensitive area, operational stability and radiation hardness can be improved. This contribution introduces a new type of MPGD, namely the Fast Timing Micropattern (FTM) detector, utilizing a fully resistive WELL structure. It consists of a stack of several coupled layers where drift and WELL multiplication stages alternate in the structure, yielding a significant improvement in timing properties due to competing ionization processes in the different drift regions. Two FTM prototypes have been developed so far. The first one is uWELL-like, where multiplication takes place in the holes of a kapton foil covered on both sides with resistive material. The second one has a resistive Micromegas-like structure, with multiplication developing in a region delimited by a resistive mesh. The structure of these prototypes will be described in detail and the results of the characterization study performed with an X-Ray generator with two different gas mixtures will be presented. First results on rate capability and time resolution based on data collected with cosmic rays and muon/pion test beams will also be presented. This contribution introduces a new type of Micropattern Gaseous Detector, the Fast Timing Micropattern (FTM) detector, utilizing fully Resistive WELL structures. The structure of the prototype will be described in detail and the results of the characterization study performed with an X-ray gun will be presented, together with the first results on time resolution based on data collected with muon/pion test beams.
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- 2016
28. Design of a constant fraction discriminator for the VFAT3 front-end ASIC of the CMS GEM detector
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A. Puig Baranac, Y. Assran, Sohini Roychowdhury, A. Madorsky, Raffaella Radogna, P. Aspell, S. Muhammad, Archana Sharma, Mircho Rodozov, Andrey Korytov, A. Aleksandrov, Duccio Abbaneo, Ilaria Vai, Jason Gilmore, Hafeez R Hoorani, A. Castaneda, A. Mohapatra, Stefano Colafranceschi, Pierluigi Paolucci, Luigi Benussi, Serguei Volkov, B. Dorney, Francesca Romana Cavallo, J. Bos, G. De Robertis, P. Altieri, Michele Arturo Caponero, Geonmo Ryu, Teruki Kamon, J. Christiansen, Eraldo Oliveri, F. Loddo, Lalit Mohan Pant, Leander Litov, A. Vorobyev, Myung-kwan Ryu, J. A. Merlin, G. Saviano, F. Errico, Suyong Choi, V. Golovtsov, A. Gutierrez, R. De Oliveira, A. Conde Garcia, Noemi Beni, T. Maerschalk, Andrey Marinov, Aobo Zhang, Aysen Tatarinov, L. Ropelewski, Salvatore Buontempo, Y. Yang, Marcus Hohlmann, Paolo Giacomelli, R. Masod, H. Postema, M. M. Dabrowski, Darin Acosta, Mariana Shopova, Cesare Calabria, E. Verhagen, Unki Yang, I. Furic, F. Guilloux, Othmane Bouhali, Marcello Maggi, Davide Piccolo, Borislav Pavlov, A. Marchioro, G. Passeggio, Plamen Iaydjiev, A. Ahmad, M. Abbas, Sven Dildick, A. K. Mohanty, Roumyana Hadjiiska, Ahmed Ali Abdelalim, Gyorgy Bencze, I. Awan, Kerstin Hoepfner, B. Philipps, Inkyu Park, P. Barria, J. S. H. Lee, Anna Colaleo, C. Asawatangtrakuldee, A. H. Shah, K. Mandal, Reham Aly, G. Rashevski, S. Krutelyov, Supratik Mukhopadhyay, Piet Verwilligen, Zoltan Szillasi, T. Tuuva, O. Aboamer, C. Tamma, Georgi Sultanov, Salvatore Nuzzo, S. Ferry, Guenakh Mitselmakher, Jared Sturdy, Paul Edmund Karchin, Thomas Lenzi, V. Bhopatkar, S. Cauwenbergh, G. De Lentdecker, M. Z. Wang, M. Naimuddin, S. Mohamed, Luigi Guiducci, Paolo Vitulo, Joonas Talvitie, A. Fenyvesi, W. Ahmed, Michael Tytgat, Stefano Bianco, R. Sharma, A. Hassan, Ryo Yonamine, W. Elmetenawee, D. Y. Wang, A. Magnani, S. Salva, Jay Hauser, Y. G. Jeng, H. Kim, Nayana Majumdar, M. van Stenis, A. Braghieri, Sanjay Kumar Swain, Florian Zenoni, S. L. Bally, Amr Radi, Cristina Riccardi, V. Barashko, G. Endroczi, S. Braibant, A. Celik, Marcello Abbrescia, M. Abi Akl, Sw. Banerjee, Sandor Czellar, A. Kumar, M. Choi, Alan Malta Rodrigues, Rosamaria Venditti, Alexei Safonov, F. Cassese, N. Zaganidis, A. Ranieri, P. K. Mal, Yong Ban, G. Raffone, Anna Cimmino, Jozsef Molnar, C. Caputo, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,Constant fraction discriminator ,02 engineering and technology ,Integrated circuit design ,VLSI circuits ,01 natural sciences ,Front and back ends ,Computer Science::Hardware Architecture ,Application-specific integrated circuit ,Front-end electronics for detector readout ,0103 physical sciences ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det] ,ddc:610 ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,analogue electronic circuits ,front-end electronics for detector readout ,instrumentation ,mathematical physics ,Instrumentation ,Mathematical Physics ,Physics ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,business.industry ,CMS ,Detector ,Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale ,Electrical engineering ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Chip ,CMOS ,Physics and Astronomy ,gas electron multiplier ,Gas electron multiplier ,integrated circuit: design ,electronics: readout ,Physique des particules élémentaires ,Analogue electronic circuits ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Computer hardware ,performance - Abstract
In this work the design of a constant fraction discriminator (CFD) to be used in the VFAT3 chip for the read-out of the triple-GEM detectors of the CMS experiment, is described. A prototype chip containing 8 CFDs was implemented using 130 nm CMOS technology and test results are shown., 0, SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
- Published
- 2016
29. First measurements with new high-resolution gadolinium-GEM neutron detectors
- Author
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Dorothea Pfeiffer, Esko Oksanen, Leszek Ropelewski, Eraldo Oliveri, Carina Höglund, Jens Birch, P. Thuiner, Lars Hultman, Filippo Resnati, Isabel Llamas-Jansa, Christina Streli, Richard Hall-Wilton, L. Robinson, Susann Schmidt, and Maddi Etxegarai
- Subjects
fast neutrons) ,Materials science ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering ,Accelerator Physics and Instrumentation ,01 natural sciences ,7. Clean energy ,thermal ,Optics ,Neutron diffraction detectors ,Particle tracking detectors ,0103 physical sciences ,Neutron detection ,Spallation ,Neutron ,Research reactor ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,010306 general physics ,Elektroteknik och elektronik ,Instrumentation ,Image resolution ,Mathematical Physics ,Diffractometer ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,business.industry ,Detector ,Acceleratorfysik och instrumentering ,Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det) ,Neutron radiation ,3. Good health ,Neutron detectors (cold ,business - Abstract
European Spallation Source instruments like the macromolecular diffractometer, NMX, require an excellent neutron detection efficiency, high-rate capabilities, time resolution, and an unprecedented spatial resolution in the order of a few hundred micrometers over a wide angular range of the incoming neutrons. For these instruments solid converters in combination with Micro Pattern Gaseous Detectors (MPGDs) are a promising option. A GEM detector with gadolinium converter was tested on a cold neutron beam at the IFE research reactor in Norway. The {\mu}TPC analysis, proven to improve the spatial resolution in the case of $^{10}$B converters, is extended to gadolinium based detectors. For the first time, a Gd-GEM was successfully operated to detect neutrons with a measured efficiency of 11.8% at a wavelength of 2 {\AA} and a position resolution better than 250 {\mu}m., Comment: 18 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables
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- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors as flatness and mechanical stretching sensors
- Author
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Aobo Zhang, I. Awan, Leszek Ropelewski, H. Postema, Piet Verwilligen, Zoltan Szillasi, J. Christiansen, Nayana Majumdar, J. Bos, G. De Robertis, S. Krutelyov, J. Lee, Rosamaria Venditti, T. Maerschalk, S. L. Bally, S. Muhammad, A. Puig Baranac, Thomas Lenzi, Jason Gilmore, F. Cassese, Hafeez R Hoorani, Georgi Sultanov, Archana Sharma, Anna Colaleo, Mariana Shopova, Sandor Czellar, Andrey Korytov, A. Aleksandrov, A. Marchioro, I. Furic, S. Cauwenbergh, Duccio Abbaneo, Ilaria Vai, G. De Lentdecker, P. Paolucci, A. Ahmad, B. Philipps, Stefano Colafranceschi, Ahmed Ali Abdelalim, Y. Assran, L. Passamonti, Anna Cimmino, D. Y. Wang, A. Magnani, Luigi Guiducci, J. A. Merlin, Michele Arturo Caponero, Marcus Hohlmann, Inkyu Park, P. Barria, C. Asawatangtrakuldee, C. Caputo, Marcello Maggi, Davide Piccolo, R. Yonamine, Alexei Safonov, Jozsef Molnar, R. Masod, Leander Litov, Salvatore Buontempo, Jay Hauser, Teruki Kamon, O. Aboamer, Borislav Pavlov, Andrey Marinov, G. Rashevski, P. Altieri, S. Ferry, Jared Sturdy, Guenakh Mitselmakher, Antonio Russo, Sanjay Kumar Swain, Plamen Iaydjiev, Gyorgy Bencze, Paolo Vitulo, Stefano Bianco, A. Vorobyev, Raffaella Radogna, Florian Zenoni, A. Castaneda, N. Zaganidis, A. Ranieri, Sohini Roychowdhury, Amr Radi, P. K. Mal, Cristina Riccardi, Francesca Romana Cavallo, A. Madorsky, W. Ahmed, F. Loddo, Min Sang Ryu, Joonas Talvitie, Yong Ban, G. Raffone, S. Braibant, Mircho Rodozov, Serguei Volkov, R. Sharma, M. Abbas, G. Endroczi, Geonmo Ryu, Noemi Beni, E. Verhagen, Supratik Mukhopadhyay, Lalit Mohan Pant, Reham Aly, Yang Yang, Michael Tytgat, K. Mandal, H. Kim, F. Errico, B. Dorney, D. Pierluigi, M. Choi, A. Mohapatra, Eraldo Oliveri, V. Golovtsov, Roumyana Hadjiiska, P. Aspell, Paolo Giacomelli, M. Naimuddin, Salvatore Nuzzo, V. Barashko, R. De Oliveira, A. Gutierrez, Kerstin Hoepfner, Darin Acosta, Aysen Tatarinov, Tuure Tuuva, M. M. Dabrowski, Unki Yang, M. Z. Wang, Sw. Banerjee, Sven Dildick, A. Braghieri, Alan Malta Rodrigues, Suyong Choi, Paul Edmund Karchin, S. Mohamed, G. Passeggio, A. K. Mohanty, W. Elmetenawee, A. Conde Garcia, Cesare Calabria, M. van Stenis, Marcello Abbrescia, M. Abi Akl, A. Kumar, V. Bhopatkar, A. Fenyvesi, A. Hassan, A. Celik, F. Guilloux, Othmane Bouhali, S. Salva, Y. G. Jeng, A. H. Shah, Luigi Benussi, G. Saviano, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
FBG sensors ,foils planarity ,gas detectors ,mechanical stretching ,triple-GEM detector ,Instrumentation ,nuclear and high energy physics ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,Triple-GEM detector ,29.40.Gx ,fibre: optical ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,Flatness (systems theory) ,29.40.Cs ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Physics::Optics ,Electron ,01 natural sciences ,Mechanical stretching ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Optics ,Foils planarity ,Fiber Bragg grating ,0103 physical sciences ,Gas detectors ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det] ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,detector: design ,Physics ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,business.industry ,Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale ,Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det) ,monitoring ,Physics and Astronomy ,gas electron multiplier ,Gas electron multiplier ,Physique des particules élémentaires ,business - Abstract
A novel approach which uses Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors has been utilized to assess and monitor the flatness of Gaseous Electron Multipliers (GEM) foils. The setup layout and preliminary results are presented., 0, SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
- Published
- 2015
31. The TOTEM T2 telescope based on triple-GEM chambers
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G. Magazzu, Maria Grazia Bagliesi, L. Ropelewski, F. Spinella, K. Kurvinen, M. Berretti, J. Heino, E. Pedreschi, A. Scribano, Eraldo Oliveri, Roberto Cecchi, V. Greco, Eric David, S. Lami, R. Lauhakangas, Nicola Turini, Francisco Garcia, M. van Stenis, T. Hilden, Giuseppe Latino, and Erik Brücken
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Physics ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Large Hadron Collider ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,Detector ,Cosmic ray ,Particle detector ,law.invention ,Nuclear physics ,Telescope ,law ,Pseudorapidity ,Measuring instrument ,Gas electron multiplier ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,Instrumentation - Abstract
The TOTEM experiment at LHC has chosen the triple Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) technology for its T2 telescope which will provide charged track reconstruction in the pseudorapidity range 5.3 | η | 6.5 and a fully inclusive trigger for inelastic events. GEMs are gas filled detectors which combine good spatial resolution with very high rate capability and a good resistance to radiation. Preliminary results of cosmic ray tests performed at CERN on final T2 modules before installation are here presented. Comparisons between real and simulated detector performance are also shown.
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- 2010
32. The TOTEM detector at LHC
- Author
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F. Spinella, Tamás Csörgő, A. Buzzo, A. Scribano, M. Quinto, E. Dimovasili, Eraldo Oliveri, F. Oljemark, Vaclav Vacek, T. Hilden, L. Ropelewski, Federico Ravotti, A. Rummel, Nicola Turini, W. Spearman, E. Lippmaa, Enrico Robutti, K. Eggert, A. Ster, A. Trummal, S. Minutoli, M. Calicchio, F. Lucas Rodríguez, V. Greco, Maria Agnese Ciocci, Fabrizio Ferro, M. Janda, G. Antchev, I. Atanassov, F. Cafagna, G. Ruggiero, M. G. Catanesi, R. Orava, E. Dénes, Vincenzo Berardi, M. Bozzo, G. Sanguinetti, S. Gianì, W. Snoeys, L. Grzanka, Milos Lokajicek, Erik Brücken, H. Saarikko, M. Lo Vetere, H. Niewiadomski, K. Kurvinen, Mirko Berretti, C. Taylor, M. Macri, J. Heino, E. Pedreschi, S. Lami, G. Sette, J. Whitmore, Francisco Garcia, P. Palazzi, J. Kaˇspar, K. Osterberg, V. Avati, J. Wu, Tamas Novak, R. Lauhakangas, Mate Csanad, A. Santroni, E. Radicioni, Mario Deile, M. Doubek, G. Notarnicola, E. Radermacher, Guido Magazzu, M. Vitek, V. Kundrát, J. Kopal, G. Latino, M. Oriunno, J. Petajajarvi, and P. Aspell
- Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,Tracking (particle physics) ,01 natural sciences ,7. Clean energy ,Particle detector ,law.invention ,Telescope ,Nuclear physics ,Gaseous detectors ,law ,Particle tracking detectors ,0103 physical sciences ,High Energy Physics ,Solid state detectors ,010306 general physics ,Instruments & Instrumentation ,Instrumentation ,Physics ,Large Hadron Collider ,Interaction point ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Detector ,Roman pot ,Gas electron multiplier ,Physics::Accelerator Physics - Abstract
The TOTEM experiment, small in size compared to the others at the LHC, is dedicated to the measurement of the total proton–proton cross-sections with a luminosity-independent method and to the study of elastic and diffractive scattering at the LHC. To achieve optimum forward coverage for charged particles emitted by the pp collisions in the IP5 interaction point, two tracking telescopes, T1 and T2, will be installed on each side in the pseudo-rapidity region between 3.1 and 6.5, and Roman Pot stations will be placed at distances of 147 and 220 m from IP5. The telescope closest to the interaction point (T1, centred at z=9 m) consists of Cathode Strip Chambers (CSC), while the second one (T2, centred at 13.5 m), makes use of Gas Electron Multipliers (GEM). The proton detectors in the Roman Pots are silicon devices designed by TOTEM with the specific objective of reducing down to a few tens of microns the insensitive area at the edge. High efficiency as close as possible to the physical detector boundary is an essential feature. It maximizes the experimental acceptance for protons scattered elastically or interactively at polar angles down to a few micro-radians at IP5. To measure protons at the lowest possible emission angles, special beam optics have been conceived to optimize proton detection in terms of acceptance and resolution. The read-out of all TOTEM subsystems is based on the custom-developed digital VFAT chip with trigger capability.
- Published
- 2010
33. Radiation imaging with optically read out GEM-based detectors
- Author
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M. van Stenis, Filippo Resnati, Eraldo Oliveri, Leszek Ropelewski, P. Thuiner, Christina Streli, Florian M. Brunbauer, and M. Lupberger
- Subjects
Physics ,Scintillation ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,business.industry ,Detector ,X-ray detector ,MicroMegas detector ,01 natural sciences ,Noise (electronics) ,Particle detector ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Optics ,0103 physical sciences ,Measuring instrument ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,business ,Instrumentation ,Image resolution ,Mathematical Physics - Abstract
Modern imaging sensors allow for high granularity optical readout of radiation detectors such as MicroPattern Gaseous Detectors (MPGDs). Taking advantage of the high signal amplification factors achievable by MPGD technologies such as Gaseous Electron Multipliers (GEMs), highly sensitive detectors can be realised and employing gas mixtures with strong scintillation yield in the visible wavelength regime, optical readout of such detectors can provide high-resolution event representations. Applications from X-ray imaging to fluoroscopy and tomography profit from the good spatial resolution of optical readout and the possibility to obtain images without the need for extensive reconstruction. Sensitivity to low-energy X-rays and energy resolution permit energy resolved imaging and material distinction in X-ray fluorescence measurements. Additionally, the low material budget of gaseous detectors and the possibility to couple scintillation light to imaging sensors via fibres or mirrors makes optically read out GEMs an ideal candidate for beam monitoring detectors in high energy physics as well as radiotherapy. We present applications and achievements of optically read out GEM-based detectors including high spatial resolution imaging and X-ray fluorescence measurements as an alternative readout approach for MPGDs. A detector concept for low intensity applications such as X-ray crystallography, which maximises detection efficiency with a thick conversion region but mitigates parallax-induced broadening is presented and beam monitoring capabilities of optical readout are explored. Augmenting high resolution 2D projections of particle tracks obtained with optical readout with timing information from fast photon detectors or transparent anodes for charge readout, 3D reconstruction of particle trajectories can be performed and permits the realisation of optically read out time projection chambers. Combining readily available high performance imaging sensors with compatible scintillating gases and the strong signal amplification factors achieved by MPGDs makes optical readout an attractive alternative to the common concept of electronic readout of radiation detectors. Outstanding signal-to-noise ratios and robustness against electronic noise allow unprecedented imaging capabilities for various applications in fields ranging from high energy physics to medical instrumentation.
- Published
- 2018
34. Imaging Demonstration of a Glass Gas Electron Multiplier with Electronic Charge Readout
- Author
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Eraldo Oliveri, Leszek Ropelewski, Hiroyuki Takahashi, Miranda van Stenis, Yuki Mitsuya, P. Thuiner, Takeshi Fujiwara, and Filippo Resnati
- Subjects
Materials science ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,business.industry ,Hexagonal crystal system ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Small mammal ,Substrate (electronics) ,Elementary charge ,Condensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural Networks ,01 natural sciences ,Copper electrode ,0103 physical sciences ,Gas electron multiplier ,Optoelectronics ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,010306 general physics ,business - Abstract
We have developed a Glass Gas Electron Multiplier (Glass GEM, G-GEM), which is composed of two copper electrodes separated by a photosensitive etchable glass substrate having holes arranged in a hexagonal pattern. In this paper, we report the result of imaging using a G-GEM combined with a 2D electronic charge readout. We used a crystallized photosensitive etchable glass as the G-GEM substrate. A precise X-ray image of a small mammal was successfully obtained with position resolutions of approximately 110 to 140 μm in RMS.
- Published
- 2018
35. Fast Timing for High-Rate Environments with Micromegas
- Author
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G. Tsiledakis, Eraldo Oliveri, Ioannis Giomataris, Thomas Papaevangelou, Cyprien Godinot, Filippo Resnati, Diego Gonzalez Diaz, Rob Veenhof, M. Kebbiri, Thomas Gustavsson, E. Ferrer-Ribas, Sebastian N. White, Leszek Ropelewski, D. Desforge, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Interactions, Dynamiques et Lasers (ex SPAM) (LIDyl), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers ( IRFU ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Interactions, Dynamique et Lasers (ex SPAM) ( LIDyl ), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
- Subjects
Photomultiplier ,Photon ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,QC1-999 ,FOS: Physical sciences ,7. Clean energy ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,High Energy Physics - Experiment ,High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex) ,Time of arrival ,Optics ,[ PHYS.HEXP ] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex] ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex] ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det] ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,010306 general physics ,[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det] ,physics.ins-det ,time resolution ,Jitter ,Physics ,laser: pulsed ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,business.industry ,hep-ex ,MicroMegas detector ,Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det) ,Photoelectric effect ,Laser ,Charged particle ,Cherenkov counter ,business ,Particle Physics - Experiment ,performance ,Micromegas - Abstract
The current state of the art in fast timing resolution for existing experiments is of the order of 100 ps on the time of arrival of both charged particles and electromagnetic showers. Current R&D on charged particle timing is approaching the level of 10 ps but is not primarily directed at sustained performance at high rates and under high radiation (as would be needed for HL-LHC pileup mitigation). We demonstrate a Micromegas based solution to reach this level of performance. The Micromegas acts as a photomultiplier coupled to a Cerenkov-radiator front window, which produces sufficient UV photons to convert the ~100 ps single-photoelectron jitter into a timing response of the order of 10-20 ps per incident charged particle. A prototype has been built in order to demonstrate this performance. The first laboratory tests with a pico-second laser have shown a time resolution of the order of 27 ps for ~50 primary photoelectrons, using a bulk Micromegas readout., MPGD2015 (4th Conference on Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors, Trieste, Italy, 12 - 15 October, 2015). 5 pages, 8 figures
- Published
- 2015
36. Effects of high charge densities in multi-GEM detectors
- Author
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Silvia Franchino, Eraldo Oliveri, Filippo Resnati, Dorothea Pfeiffer, Leszek Ropelewski, Richard Hall-Wilton, R. Veenhof, Hans Muller, P. Thuiner, M. van Stenis, Christina Streli, and D. Gonzalez Diaz
- Subjects
Physics ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,Computation ,Detector ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Charge (physics) ,Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det) ,Finite element method ,Spectral line ,High Energy Physics - Experiment ,Ion ,Computational physics ,High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex) ,Gas electron multiplier ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,Pulse height - Abstract
A comprehensive study, supported by systematic measurements and numerical computations, of the intrinsic limits of multi-GEM detectors when exposed to very high particle fluxes or operated at very large gains is presented. The observed variations of the gain, of the ion back-flow, and of the pulse height spectra are explained in terms of the effects of the spatial distribution of positive ions and their movement throughout the amplification structure. The intrinsic dynamic character of the processes involved imposes the use of a non-standard simulation tool for the interpretation of the measurements. Computations done with a Finite Element Analysis software reproduce the observed behaviour of the detector. The impact of this detailed description of the detector in extreme conditions is multiple: it clarifies some detector behaviours already observed, it helps in defining intrinsic limits of the GEM technology, and it suggests ways to extend them., Comment: 5 pages, 6 figures, 2015 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium
- Published
- 2015
37. Measurement of the forward charged particle pseudorapidity density in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s} = 8$$ s = 8 TeV using a displaced interaction point
- Author
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A. Mercadante, M. Oriunno, V. K. Eremin, P. Aspell, K. Zielinski, J. Sziklai, Edoardo Bossini, P. Palazzi, J. Hammerbauer, W. Snoeys, Mate Csanad, Vjaceslav Georgiev, V. Avati, M. M. Macri, Milos Lokajicek, F. Oljemark, L. Ropelewski, Marco Bozzo, M. Quinto, T. Maki, Enrico Robutti, J. Heino, Mirko Berretti, S. Lami, Federico Ravotti, Georgy Antchev, L. Losurdo, K. Eggert, J. Kopal, Mario Deile, A. Scribano, A. Buzzo, P. Wyszkowski, Giuseppe Latino, E. Radermacher, J. Kaspar, E. Lippmaa, N. Minafra, J. Smajek, Vaclav Vacek, C. Taylor, Corbin Covault, T. Sodzawiczny, Joachim Baechler, A. Fiergolski, M. Lo Vetere, J. Lippmaa, S. Minutoli, I. Atanassov, F. Lucas Rodríguez, A. Karev, M. G. Catanesi, R. Lauhakangas, T. Leszko, J. Procházka, Tamás Csörgő, H. Saarikko, V. Kundrát, Vincenzo Berardi, S. Gianì, E. Radicioni, G. Ruggiero, Eraldo Oliveri, J. Welti, J. J. Whitmore, K. Osterberg, F. S. Cafagna, F. Nemes, Leszek Grzanka, Nicola Turini, Martin Doubek, H. Niewiadomski, Francisco Garcia, Erik Brücken, T. Hilden, Ubaldo Bottigli, Zdenek Peroutka, Fabrizio Ferro, and R. Orava
- Subjects
Systematic error ,Physics ,Range (particle radiation) ,Particle physics ,Large Hadron Collider ,Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous) ,Interaction point ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Monte Carlo method ,01 natural sciences ,Charged particle ,Spectral line ,Nuclear physics ,Pseudorapidity ,0103 physical sciences ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,Nuclear Experiment ,010306 general physics ,Engineering (miscellaneous) - Abstract
The pseudorapidity density of charged particles dN $$_{ ch }$$ /d $$\eta $$ is measured by the TOTEM experiment in proton–proton collisions at $$\sqrt{s} = 8$$ TeV within the range $$3.90$$ MeV/c, produced in inelastic interactions with at least one charged particle in $$-7
- Published
- 2015
38. The $\mu$TPC Method: Improving the Position Resolution of Neutron Detectors Based on MPGDs
- Author
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Esko Oksanen, P. Thuiner, Lars Hultman, Dorothea Pfeiffer, George Iakovidis, Richard Hall-Wilton, Jens Birch, Filippo Resnati, Carina Höglund, Eraldo Oliveri, and Leszek Ropelewski
- Subjects
MICROPIC ,fast neutrons) ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering ,Particle detector ,thermal ,Nuclear physics ,Micropattern gaseous detectors (MSGC ,Optics ,Particle tracking detectors ,Neutron detection ,Neutron ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,Elektroteknik och elektronik ,Nuclear Experiment ,Instrumentation ,Mathematical Physics ,etc) ,Physics ,GEM ,Time projection chamber ,business.industry ,Time projection Chambers (TPC) ,MicroMegas detector ,Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det) ,InGrid ,Neutron temperature ,RETHGEM ,Neutron detectors (cold ,Neutron capture ,MICROMEGAS ,MHSP ,Gas electron multiplier ,business ,THGEM - Abstract
Due to the Helium-3 crisis, alternatives to the standard neutron detection techniques are becoming urgent. In addition, the instruments of the European Spallation Source (ESS) require advances in the state of the art of neutron detection. The instruments need detectors with excellent neutron detection efficiency, high-rate capabilities and unprecedented spatial resolution. The Macromolecular Crystallography instrument (NMX) requires a position resolution in the order of 200 um over a wide angular range of incoming neutrons. Solid converters in combination with Micro Pattern Gaseous Detectors (MPGDs) are proposed to meet the new requirements. Charged particles rising from the neutron capture have usually ranges larger than several millimetres in gas. This is apparently in contrast with the requirements for the position resolution. In this paper, we present an analysis technique, new in the field of neutron detection, based on the Time Projection Chamber (TPC) concept. Using a standard Single-GEM with the cathode coated with 10B4C, we extract the neutron interaction point with a resolution of better than sigma = 200 um., Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures
- Published
- 2015
39. Charge Transfer Properties Through Graphene Layers in Gas Detectors
- Author
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Dorothea Pfeiffer, Leszek Ropelewski, Hans Muller, Eraldo Oliveri, T. Nguyen, Richard B. Jackman, Richard Hall-Wilton, P. Thuiner, J. Smith, R. Veenhof, Filippo Resnati, and M. van Stenis
- Subjects
Materials science ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,business.industry ,Graphene ,Electron multiplier ,Detector ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Physics::Optics ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Electron ,Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det) ,Copper ,Cathode ,Anode ,law.invention ,High Energy Physics - Experiment ,High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex) ,chemistry ,law ,Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters ,Optoelectronics ,Gas detector ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,business - Abstract
Graphene is a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb lattice with remarkable mechanical, electrical and optical properties. For the first time graphene layers suspended on copper meshes were installed into a gas detector equipped with a gaseous electron multiplier. Measurements of low energy electron and ion transfer through graphene were conducted. In this paper we describe the sample preparation for suspended graphene layers, the testing procedures and we discuss the preliminary results followed by a prospect of further applications., Comment: 2014 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference with the 21st Symposium on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors, 4 pages, 8 figures
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. The TOTEM GEM Telescope (T2) at the LHC
- Author
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Timo Eero Hilden, V. Greco, Eric David, Francisco Garcia, A. Scribano, M. Berretti, J. Heino, S. Lami, K. Kurvinen, G. Latino, M. Quinto, R. Lauhakangas, Eraldo Oliveri, L. Ropelewski, Nicola Turini, and M. van Stenis
- Subjects
Physics ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Large Hadron Collider ,Interaction point ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,Detector ,Tracking (particle physics) ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,law.invention ,LHC ,Totem ,GEM detector ,Nuclear physics ,Telescope ,Beamline ,law ,Gas electron multiplier ,Radiation hardening - Abstract
The TOTEM T2 telescope will measure inelastically produced charged particles in the forward region of the LHC Interaction Point 5. Each arm of the telescope consists in a set of 20 triple-GEM (Gas Electron Multiplier) detectors with tracking and trigger capabilities. The GEM technology has been considered for the design of TOTEM very forward T2 telescopes thanks to its characteristics: large active areas, good position and timing resolution, excellent rate capability and radiation hardness. Each of the four T2 half arms has been fully assembled and equipped with electronics at CERN and systematically tested in the SPS beam line H8 in 2008/09. After some optimization, the operation of the GEM chambers was fully satisfactory and the T2 telescopes were installed and commissioned in their final positions at the LHC interaction point. During the first LHC run (December 2009) the T2 telescopes have collected data, at 900 GeV and 2.36 TeV. We will present here the performances of the detector and the preliminary results obtained using the data collected.
- Published
- 2011
41. Upgrade of the muon system in the high eta region of the CMS experiment at LHC with GEMs
- Author
-
Amr Radi, R. De Oliveira, A. Rodrigues, Jessie Twigger, H. Postema, Supratik Mukhopadhyay, M. van Stenis, Salvatore Nuzzo, Marcello Abbrescia, M. Abi Akl, Alexei Safonov, N. Zaganidis, J. Bos, G. De Robertis, S. Cauwenbergh, A. Ranieri, Y. Ban, G. Raffone, Duccio Abbaneo, G. Saviano, G. De Lentdecker, Patrizia Barria, Guido Magazzu, E. Verhagen, Aysen Tatarinov, S. Ferry, Alexandre Sakharov, N Mazumdar, F. Loddo, Marcus Hohlmann, Stefano Bianco, A. Marchioro, A. Celik, Mario Maggi, Teruki Kamon, H. Teng, Sven Dildick, Jesper Roy Christiansen, Kerstin Hoepfner, Othmane Bouhali, N. Turini, A. Conde Garcia, C Armaingaud, P. E. Karchin, Thierry Maerschalk, Anupam Sharma, Y. C. Yang, Yasser Assran, Jason Gilmore, V. Khotilovich, Michael Tytgat, Eraldo Oliveri, Cesare Calabria, Davide Piccolo, Raffaella Radogna, A. Gutierrez, J. Cai, Yasser Maghrbi, B. Philipps, P. Aspell, S. Salva, S. Krutelyov, A. Castaneda, S. L. Bally, L. Ropelewski, Vallary Bhopatkar, Will Flanagan, Jeremie Alexandre Merlin, S. Banerjee, A. Marinov, Stefano Colafranceschi, Luisa Benussi, Anna Colaleo, and Florian Zenoni
- Subjects
Nuclear physics ,Physics ,Muon ,Large Hadron Collider ,Upgrade - Published
- 2014
42. Development of the data acquisition system for the Triple-GEM detectors for the upgrade of the CMS forward muon spectrometer
- Author
-
S. Krutelyov, G. Saviano, Yasser Maghrbi, Supratik Mukhopadhyay, Jason Gilmore, Florian Zenoni, Amr Radi, J. Cai, Yasser Assran, Luigi Benussi, Duccio Abbaneo, Salvatore Nuzzo, Vallary Bhopatkar, M. van Stenis, N. Turini, Patrizia Barria, T. Tuuva, J. Christiansen, Jeremie Alexandre Merlin, T. Lenzi, J. Bos, G. De Robertis, R. De Oliveira, Raffaella Radogna, A. Marchioro, J Twigger, Cesare Calabria, A. Castaneda, S. L. Bally, Teruki Kamon, Marcello Abbrescia, P. E. Karchin, Y. Yang, Marcus Hohlmann, B. Philipps, M. Abi Akl, Alan Malta Rodrigues, F. Loddo, Stefano Colafranceschi, E. Verhagen, Andrey Marinov, Thierry Maerschalk, N Mazumdar, Sven Dildick, L. Ropelewski, M Korntheuer, H. Postema, S. Cauwenbergh, G. De Lentdecker, Kerstin Hoepfner, Guido Magazzu, A. Conde Garcia, Michael Tytgat, P. Aspell, S. Salva, A. Celik, H. Teng, Marcello Maggi, Anna Colaleo, Aysen Tatarinov, W. Ahmed, Alexandre Sakharov, Sunanda Banerjee, M. M. Dabrowski, Will Flanagan, Alexei Safonov, Joonas Talvitie, Davide Piccolo, Y. Ban, V. Khotilovich, N. Zaganidis, Eraldo Oliveri, A. Ranieri, A. Gutierrez, F. Guilloux, Othmane Bouhali, G. Raffone, C Armaingaud, A. Sharma, S. Ferry, and Stefano Bianco
- Subjects
Data acquisition system ,Chipset ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,Electronic detector readout concepts (gas, liquid) ,Data acquisition circuits ,Electronic detector readout concepts (gas ,liquid) ,Data acquisition ,Muon spectrometer ,circuits ,Readout systems Data acquisition circuit ,Electronics ,Off-detector electronics ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,Instrumentation ,Mathematical Physics ,Electronic circuit ,Physics ,Large Hadron Collider ,Particle spectrometers ,business.industry ,Detector ,Electrical engineering ,Detector circuits ,Upgrade ,Physics and Astronomy ,Hardware architecture ,Electronic detectors ,Front end electronics ,Physique des particules élémentaires ,Data acquisition circuits, Electronic detector readout concepts (gas ,Detector circuits, Particle spectrometers, Readout systems Data acquisition circuit, Data acquisition system, Electronic detectors, Front end electronics, Hardware architecture, Muon spectrometer, Off-detector electronics, Timing resolutions ,Physics::Accelerator Physics ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,business ,Timing resolutions - Abstract
In this contribution we will report on the progress of the design of the readout and data acquisition system being developed for triple-GEM detectors which will be installed in the forward region (1.5 <, SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
- Published
- 2014
43. Studies on the upgrade of the muon system in the forward region of the CMS experiment at LHC with GEMs
- Author
-
Yasser Maghrbi, Jason Gilmore, T. Maerschalk, S. Krutelyov, Alan Malta Rodrigues, Stefano Colafranceschi, Yasser Assran, Vallary Bhopatkar, Michael Tytgat, G. De Lentdecker, Nicola Turini, R. De Oliveira, B. Philipps, Y. Ban, Florian Zenoni, S. Ferry, J Twigger, N. Zaganidis, H. Postema, A. Ranieri, Amr Radi, Stefano Bianco, Duccio Abbaneo, Sven Dildick, N Mazumdar, Luigi Benussi, Guido Magazzu, Andrey Marinov, E. Verhagen, J. Christiansen, A. Conde Garcia, Anna Colaleo, Patrizia Barria, G. Raffone, Kerstin Hoepfner, J. Cai, Raffaella Radogna, Alexandre Sakharov, Sunanda Banerjee, A. Marchioro, Leszek Ropelewski, A. Castaneda, Teruki Kamon, Aysen Tatarinov, Davide Piccolo, S. Salva, Alexei Safonov, C Armaingaud, A. Sharma, F. Loddo, P. E. Karchin, Mario Maggi, V. Khotilovich, Eraldo Oliveri, A. Gutierrez, P. Aspell, M. van Stenis, Marcello Abbrescia, Ali Celik, M. Abi Akl, Cesare Calabria, H. Teng, Jeremie Alexandre Merlin, J. Bos, G. De Robertis, Supratik Mukhopadhyay, Yang Yang, Salvatore Nuzzo, Marcus Hohlmann, S. L. Bally, S. Cauwenbergh, Will Flanagan, G. Saviano, and Othmane Bouhali
- Subjects
MICROPIC ,Particle physics ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,Micropattern gaseous detectors (MSGC, GEM, THGEM ,RETHGEM, MHSP ,MICROPIC, MICROMEGAS, InGrid, etc) ,Muon spectrometers ,Nuclear physics ,Micropattern gaseous detectors (MSGC ,Micropattern gaseous detectors (MSGC, GEM, THGEM, RETHGEM, MHSP, MICROPIC, MICROMEGAS, InGrid, etc) ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,Instrumentation ,Mathematical Physics ,etc) ,Physics ,Large Hadron Collider ,Muon ,Luminosity (scattering theory) ,GEM ,MicroMegas detector ,Super Proton Synchrotron ,InGrid ,RETHGEM ,Upgrade ,Physics and Astronomy ,Pseudorapidity ,MICROMEGAS ,Gas electron multiplier ,MHSP ,Physique des particules élémentaires ,Physics::Accelerator Physics ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,THGEM - Abstract
The LHC data-taking will resume in 2015 with energy of 13-14 TeV and luminosity of 2÷5×1034 cm-2 s-1. At those energies, a considerable fraction of the particles produced propagate in the high pseudo-rapidity regions. The proposal for the upgrade of the CMS muon forward system involves Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) chambers to be installed during the second LHC Long Shutdown (LS2) covering the pseudorapidity range 1.5 <, SCOPUS: cp.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
- Published
- 2014
44. A study of film and foil materials for the GEM detector proposed for the CMS muon system upgrade
- Author
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Florian Zenoni, V. Khotilovich, Amr Radi, Jason Gilmore, Eraldo Oliveri, A. Gutierrez, J. Cai, Michele Arturo Caponero, D. Pierluigi, A. Marchioro, Teruki Kamon, J. Christiansen, Raffaella Radogna, R. De Oliveira, L. Ropelewski, A. Castaneda, Guido Magazzu, J Twigger, Thierry Maerschalk, Aysen Tatarinov, Marco Valente, H. Teng, A V Franchi, Sven Dildick, Y. Ban, Yasser Assran, Luigi Benussi, Othmane Bouhali, M. van Stenis, Jeremie Alexandre Merlin, S. Krutelyov, Supratik Mukhopadhyay, C Armaingaud, A. Sharma, G. Saviano, J. Bos, M. Ferrini, Duccio Abbaneo, Patrizia Barria, Yasser Maghrbi, L. Passamonti, Antonio Russo, Nayana Majumdar, G. De Robertis, Salvatore Nuzzo, Marcello Abbrescia, F. Loddo, H. Postema, P. E. Karchin, M. Abi Akl, Vallary Bhopatkar, Michael Tytgat, A. Conde Garcia, Cesare Calabria, B. Philipps, Y. Yang, Marcus Hohlmann, S. Cauwenbergh, G. De Lentdecker, Alan Malta Rodrigues, Stefano Colafranceschi, Alexei Safonov, Mario Maggi, S. Ferry, S. Salva, Anna Colaleo, Andrey Marinov, Stefano Bianco, Alexandre Sakharov, Sunanda Banerjee, N. Turini, E. Verhagen, Davide Piccolo, A. Celik, Kerstin Hoepfner, S. L. Bally, Will Flanagan, N. Zaganidis, A. Ranieri, G. Raffone, and P. Aspell
- Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,Electron multipliers, Manufacture, Detection of defects, Gaseous detectors, High radiation environment, Muon detectors, Muon spectrometer, Pseudorapidities, Radiation hardness, Spatial and temporal resolutions ,Nuclear physics ,Gaseous detectors ,Pseudorapidities ,Muon spectrometer ,High radiation environment ,Instrumentation ,Radiation hardening ,Mathematical Physics ,FOIL method ,Physics ,Electron multipliers ,Radiation hardness ,Materials for gaseous detectors ,Large Hadron Collider ,Muon ,Muon spectrometers ,Detector ,Manufacture ,Manufacturing ,Upgrade ,Detection of defects ,Physics and Astronomy ,Pseudorapidity ,Temporal resolution ,Muon detectors ,Physique des particules élémentaires ,Physics::Accelerator Physics ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,Spatial and temporal resolutions - Abstract
During the next shutdown of the LHC at CERN, the CMS experiment plans to start installing GEM detectors in the endcap (high pseudorapidity) region. These muon detectors have excellent spatial and temporal resolution as well as a high chemical stability and radiation hardness. A report is given on preliminary results of materials studies that aimed to fully characterize the GEM detector components before and after the exposure to a high-radiation environment. © CERN 2014 for the benefit of the CMS collaboration.., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
- Published
- 2014
45. The TOTEM modular trigger system
- Author
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S. Lami, Giuseppe Latino, Maria Grazia Bagliesi, A. Scribano, Eraldo Oliveri, E. Pedreschi, Nicola Turini, V. Greco, M. Berretti, F. Spinella, and Roberto Cecchi
- Subjects
Physics ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Large Hadron Collider ,business.industry ,Totem ,Detector ,Modular design ,Chip ,Signal ,Programmable logic device ,Tree structure ,business ,Instrumentation ,Computer hardware - Abstract
The TOTEM experiment will measure the total cross-section with the luminosity independent method and study elastic and diffractive scattering at the LHC. We are developing a modular trigger system, based on programmable logic, that will select meaningful events within 2.5 μ s . The trigger algorithm is based on a tree structure in order to obtain information compression. The trigger primitive is generated directly on the readout chip, VFAT, that has a specific fast output that gives low resolution hits information. In two of the TOTEM detectors, Roman Pots and T2, a coincidence chip will perform track recognition directly on the detector readout boards, while for T1 the hits are transferred from the VFATs to the trigger hardware. Starting from more than 2000 bits delivered by the detector electronics, we extract, in a first step, six trigger patterns of 32 LVDS signals each; we build, then, on a dedicated board, a 1-bit (L1) trigger signal for the TOTEM experiment and 16 trigger bits to the CMS experiment global trigger system for future common data taking.
- Published
- 2010
46. A triple-GEM telescope for the TOTEM experiment
- Author
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Eraldo Oliveri, G. Latino, Leszek Ropelewski, S. Lami, and N. Turini
- Subjects
Physics ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,Large Hadron Collider ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Detector ,Other Fields of Physics ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det) ,Radiation ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,law.invention ,Nuclear physics ,Telescope ,law ,Gas electron multiplier ,Rapidity ,Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ,Image resolution ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics ,Decoupling (electronics) - Abstract
The TOTEM experiment at LHC has chosen the triple Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) technology for its T2 telescope which will provide charged track reconstruction in the rapidity range 5.3, Comment: To appear in the proceedings of 10th Topical Seminar on Innovative Particle and Radiation Detectors (IPRD06), Siena, Italy, October 1-5 2006
- Published
- 2007
47. Beam Studies of the Segmented Resistive WELL: a Potential Thin Sampling Element for Digital Hadron Calorimetry
- Author
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Michael Pitt, J.F.C.A. Veloso, Amos Breskin, Lior Arazi, Andrew White, Eraldo Oliveri, L. Moleri, Joaquim M. F. dos Santos, C.D.R. Azevedo, Adam Rubin, Hugo Natal da Luz, and Shikma Bressler
- Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,Micropattern gaseous detectors (MPGD) ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Electron ,Resistive electrode ,01 natural sciences ,7. Clean energy ,SRS ,Nuclear physics ,Sampling (signal processing) ,0103 physical sciences ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,010306 general physics ,Instrumentation ,Physics ,Resistive touchscreen ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,business.industry ,Detector ,Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det) ,Chip ,Anode ,ILC ,Gas electron multiplier ,Digital hadron calorimetry (DHCAL) ,Optoelectronics ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,business ,THGEM ,Beam (structure) - Abstract
Thick Gas Electron Multipliers (THGEMs) have the potential of constituting thin, robust sampling elements in Digital Hadron Calorimetry (DHCAL) in future colliders. We report on recent beam studies of new single- and double-THGEM-like structures; the multiplier is a Segmented Resistive WELL (SRWELL) - a single-faced THGEM in contact with a segmented resistive layer inductively coupled to readout pads. Several 10$\times$10 cm$^2$ configurations with a total thickness of 5-6 mm (excluding electronics) with 1 cm$^2$ pads coupled to APV-SRS readout were investigated with muons and pions. Detection efficiencies in the 98$%$ range were recorded with average pad-multiplicity of $\sim$1.1. The resistive anode resulted in efficient discharge damping, with potential drops of a few volts; discharge probabilities were $\sim10^{-7}$ for muons and $\sim10^{-6}$ for pions in the double-stage configuration, at rates of a few kHz/cm$^2$. Further optimization work and research on larger detectors are underway., Presented at the $13^{th}$ Vienna Conference on Instrumentation, February 2013 and submitted to its proceedings
- Published
- 2013
48. Measurement of proton-proton inelastic scattering cross-section at chem{sqrt {s} = 7,{mathrm {TeV}}}
- Author
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Edoardo Bossini, M. Vitek, V. Greco, Heimo Saarikko, Mate Csanad, M. G. Catanesi, N. Turini, E. Robutti, J. Baechler, V. Berardi, G. Ruggiero, Giuseppe Latino, F. Nemes, E. Radicioni, J. Welti, V. Kundrát, A. Mercadante, J. Kaspar, M. Lo Vetere, R. Ferretti, L. Ropelewski, S. Minutoli, Federico Ravotti, F. Lucas Rodríguez, R. A. Intonti, A. Buzzo, P. Aspell, V. Vacek, W. Snoeys, J. Sziklai, F. Oljemark, M. Calicchio, E. Lippmaa, A. Scribano, J. Heino, J. Procházka, C. Taylor, R. Orava, Tamás Csörgő, K. Kurvinen, S. Giani, M. Quinto, Milos Lokajicek, J. Whitmore, M. Bozzo, T. Maki, P. Palazzi, E. Radermacher, A. Fiergolski, Eraldo Oliveri, Mario Deile, M. Doubek, R. Lauhakangas, V. K. Eremin, M. Macrí, F. Cafagna, V. Avati, Paolo Brogi, L. Grzanka, N. Minafra, J. Smajek, P. Wyszkowski, I. Atanassov, G. Antchev, Erik Brücken, H. Niewiadomski, Francisco Garcia, T. Hilden, Fabrizio Ferro, M. Oriunno, Corbin Covault, M. Berretti, S. Lami, K. Osterberg, K. Eggert, A. Santroni, T. Leszko, and J. Kopal
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Physics ,Elastic scattering ,Particle physics ,Large Hadron Collider ,Proton ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,Inelastic scattering ,Cross Section ,LHC ,Totem ,01 natural sciences ,Charged particle ,law.invention ,Nuclear physics ,Telescope ,law ,Pseudorapidity ,0103 physical sciences ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,Rapidity ,010306 general physics ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics - Abstract
The TOTEM experiment at the LHC has measured the inelastic proton-proton cross-section at in a ?*?=?90?m run with low inelastic pile-up. The measurement was based on events with at least one charged particle in the T2 telescope acceptance of 5.3?|?|?6.5 in pseudorapidity. Combined with data from the T1 telescope, covering 3.1?|?|?4.7, the cross-section for inelastic events with at least one |?|???6.5 final-state particle was determined to be (70.5???2.9)?mb. This cross-section includes all central diffractive events of which maximally 0.25?mb is estimated to escape the detection of the telescopes. Based on models for low mass diffraction, the total inelastic cross-section was deduced to be (73.7???3.4)?mb. An upper limit of 6.31?mb at 95% confidence level on the cross-section for events with diffractive masses below 3.4?GeV was obtained from the difference between the overall inelastic cross-section obtained by TOTEM using elastic scattering and the cross-section for inelastic events with at least one |?|???6.5 final-state particle.
- Published
- 2013
49. Status of the TOTEM experiment at LHC
- Author
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M. Macri, A. Mercadante, Milos Lokajicek, E. Lippmaa, P. Aspell, J. Sziklai, H. Niewiadomski, Francisco Garcia, R. Ferretti, L. Ropelewski, P. Palazzi, Federico Ravotti, E. Radermacher, Georgy Antchev, G. Ruggiero, J. Welti, K. Osterberg, Heimo Saarikko, Vincenzo Berardi, N. Turini, T. Hilden, E. Bossini, W. Snoeys, Corbin Covault, G. Latino, C. Taylor, M. Bozzo, N. Minafra, M. Lo Vetere, T. Leszko, S. Gianì, J. Whitmore, V. Greco, Erik Brücken, A. Fiergolski, Fabrizio Ferro, J. Heino, S. Lami, I. Atanassov, M. Quinto, M. G. Catanesi, A. Santroni, K. Eggert, Mario Deile, V. K. Eremin, R. Lauhakangas, M. Vitek, L. Magaletti, F. Cafagna, A. Buzzo, G. Sanguinetti, Paolo Brogi, J. Procházka, L. Grzanka, R. Orava, M. Oriunno, Enrico Robutti, E. Radicioni, V. Avati, V. Kundrát, K. Kurvinen, F. Oljemark, J. Kopal, Vaclav Vacek, A. Scribano, J. Kaspar, S. Minutoli, F. Lucas Rodríguez, Tamás Csörgő, Eraldo Oliveri, M. R. Intonti, F. Nemes, Joachim Baechler, Mirko Berretti, and M. Calicchio
- Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Particle physics ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,EDGELESS SILICON DETECTORS ,7. Clean energy ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,Telescope ,Nuclear physics ,Roman Pot ,Edgeless Si detector ,GEM ,Total cross-section ,Elastic scattering ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,010306 general physics ,Instrumentation ,Physics ,Large Hadron Collider ,Interaction point ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Scattering ,scattering ,Roman pot ,Optical theorem ,Elastic ,Pseudorapidity - Abstract
The TOTEM experiment is dedicated to the measurement of the total proton–proton cross-section with the luminosity-independent method and the study of elastic and diffractive scattering processes. Two tracking telescopes, T1 and T2, integrated in the CMS detector, cover the pseudo-rapidity region between 3.1 and 6.5 on both sides of the interaction point IP5. The Roman Pot (RP) stations are located at distances of ±147 m and ±220 m with respect to the interaction point to measure the very forward scattered protons at very small angles. During the LHC technical stop in winter 2010/2011, the TOTEM experiment was completed with the installation of the T1 telescope and the RP stations at ±147 m. In 2011, the LHC machine provided special optics with the large s⁎=90 m, allowing TOTEM to measure the elastic scattering differential cross-section, down to the four-momentum transfer squared |t|=2×10−2 GeV2. Using the optical theorem and extrapolation of the differential cross-section to t=0 (optical point), the total p–p cross-section at the LHC energy of s = 7 T e V could be computed for the first time. Furthermore we measured with standard LHC beam optics and the energy of s = 7 T e V the forward charged particle pseudorapidity density dn/dη in the range of 5.3
- Published
- 2013
50. The status of the GEM project for CMS high-eta muon system
- Author
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A. Marchioro, Ali Ellithi Kamel, Marcello Maggi, G. Saviano, Thierry Maerschalk, S. L. Bally, Alan Malta Rodrigues, Jeremie Alexandre Merlin, J. Bos, G. De Robertis, Andrey Marinov, Stefano Colafranceschi, Y. Yang, Marcus Hohlmann, M. Zientek, P. Aspell, N. Zaganidis, U. Berzano, A. Conde Garcia, Davide Piccolo, L. Franconi, L. Ropelewski, G. Raffone, Salvatore Nuzzo, F. Loddo, J. Cai, Eraldo Oliveri, Yasser Assran, G. De Lentdecker, H. Postema, Mythra Varun Nemallapudi, J. P. Chatelain, A. Gutierrez, F. Formenti, Guido Magazzu, C. Armagnaud, K. Mehta, Mauro Villa, N. Smilkjovic, S. Duarte Pinto, H. Teng, Duccio Abbaneo, A. Sharma, Anna Colaleo, Ajit Mohapatra, Marcello Abbrescia, S. A. Tupputi, Patrizia Barria, R. De Oliveira, Eric David, Nicola Turini, T. Moulik, Luigi Benussi, P. E. Karchin, Karol Bunkowski, S. Ferry, Stefano Bianco, Florian Zenoni, M. J. Staib, J. Christiansen, Amr Radi, Michael Tytgat, T. Fruboes, and Y. Ban
- Subjects
Physics ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Muon ,Large Hadron Collider ,Spectrometer ,business.industry ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,Electron multiplier ,Detector ,Gas electron multiplier ,Micropattern gas detector ,Large-area GEM ,Particle identification ,Particle detector ,Nuclear physics ,Physics and Astronomy ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,business ,Instrumentation ,Computer hardware - Abstract
The dedicated CMS R&D program was intended to study the feasibility of using micropattern detectors for the instrumentation of the vacant vertical bar eta vertical bar > 1.6 region in the present Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) endcap system. The proposed detector for CMS is a Triple-Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) trapezoidal chamber, equipped with 1D readout. While during 2010-2011 the Collaboration worked on the prototyping of the detector, during the first part of 2012 a newly developed assembly technique to be used for the mass production was adopted. GEMs can provide precision tracking and fast trigger information, contributing on one hand to the improvement of the CMS muon Trigger and on the other hand to provide the missing redundancy in the high eta region. In the view of the next LHC long shutdown (LS1) the CMS GEM Collaboration designed and built four full-size Triple GEM based muon detectors.
- Published
- 2013
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