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Copyright © ISTE Ltd 2010; International audience; This chapter analyzes decision‐making behaviors of supply‐chain managers in order to assess their potential impact on the local performance of each node of the logistic system, as well as on the overall performance of the supply chain. The research is based on a modeling approach and thus, necessarily, on restrictive hypotheses, notably concerning the way to represent decision behaviors. The chapter highlights the strong complementarity between two distinct scientific approaches applied to analyze the performance of identical systems. It introduces the two scientific approaches used: game theory and experimental economics methodology. The chapter precisely defines the decision situation of the inventory management considered in this research, before developing the results of the game theory and application of the experimental economics protocol. Finally, the chapter summarizes the added value of the method and introduces further perspectives.

This paper presents an approach for monitoring the execution progress of business processes. The monitoring focuses on the exceptions that could arise during this execution and, hence, could make the processes fail if not handled properly and timely. The approach relies on three flows known as control, communication, and navigation. The control flow connects tasks together with respect to a certain business logic. The communication flow captures the messages exchanged between persons/machines when they perform tasks of processes. Finally, the navigation flow captures the interactions between specialized networks that offer solutions to exceptions. These networks are built upon relations between tasks, between persons, and between machines. The coordination of control, communication, and navigation flows focuses on both the actions that are taken and the messages that are exchanged when handling exceptions. A system demonstrating flow development and coordination is, also, presented in the paper.

International audience; Moving from selling goods to Product Service Systems (PSS) will promote coupling of environmental objectives with economic growth. However many difficulties hinder their implementation. Companies must rethink business models and replace value of exchange by value in use, involving long term relations. This paper proposes using 'scenarios' as a methodological tool to help support decisional processes when moving towards sustainable PSS. Transition scenarios formulate possible futures and provide a shared vision. They identify potential difficulties and help to formalize problems, reducing uncertainty for decision makers. This paper follows a twofold approach: theoretical and field studies in small companies. It concludes with initial propositions to structure scenario building in sustainable PSS.

International audience; This article studies a multiple-objective flow-shop modelling and scheduling problem by multi-agent system (MAS) in a production context characterized by diversified, high-volume production mix. The analysed flow shop is characterised by multi-machine workstations, transfer batches, sequence-dependent setup times and possible re-entrant jobs. The agent-based model is structured from the current flow-shop configuration, defining the main entities and related events to realize the most possible flexible model. After a description of entities and their states, the agent framework with state diagrams is implemented through Jade platform. The system is provided with a simulation-based environment to test it in two main production scenarios including re-entrant jobs and failures. A coordination mechanism between agents and a dedicated scheduling algorithm managed by the MAS allowed to front this kind of events optimising concurrent objectives like work in process, Makespan and buffer queues.

International audience; Pour accompagner les entreprises dans la mise en œuvre de schémas logistiques collaboratifs, de nouvelles stratégies ont été développées et mises en place ces dernières années. Dans cet article, nous présentons un modèle de mutualisation logistique qui prend en compte les spécificités des flux logistiques des PME agroalimentaires de la Loire et qui intègre les objectifs du développement durable dans ses trois dimensions : économique, environnementale et sociétale. Nous définissons différents scénarios de réseaux logistiques mutualisés qui peuvent être implémentés par ces entreprises. Nous détaillons dans cette communication, la modélisation d'un de ces scénarios. Le modèle conçu a pour objectif de permettre de choisir le scénario le plus pertinent pour la conception d'un réseau mutualisé, qui maximise les gains économiques, environnementaux et sociétaux

Part VI: Services, Supply Chains and Operations; International audience; The research presented in this paper is oriented on the transition of the manufacturing industry towards the delivery of product-service system. The paper presents the first results in the development of a decision support system dedicated to help in configuring service-oriented production systems, notably with an objective of capacity management. An illustrative case study is presented, linked to the production of washing machines.

International audience; The main objective of this paper was to explore environmental factors affecting the success in terms of helping small scale farmers to participate in high-value market by employing Porter's 'Diamond model'. The environmental factors that enhanced competitiveness of the Bresse chicken cluster managed by a non-profit organization - the Royal Project Foundation - to help farmers gain income in Thailand were illustrated. According to the analysis, four favorable environmental factors consisted of factor conditions - human and knowledge resources from universities and research units, material and financial resources, and well developed infrastructure. The knowledge and requirements of customers to improve quality as well as an increase in demand were the factors in the attribute of demand conditions that had impacts on the advance of the cluster. The favorable factors in the attribute of the supporting departments consisted of the presence of a relevant cluster, and pull of supporting organizations. Furthermore, backward and forward integration and facility for joint working were the strategies that helped the project gain the advantage. The factors affecting the improvement in the cluster performance created by the government were import tariff and financial supports, and the chance that provided opportunity to the farmers to gain from this market was the growth in tourism sector. The existing environmental factors that provided opportunities for farmers to compete and participate in the high-value market resulted in an income generating.

International audience; This research aims to study how to manage a high-value agricultural product to be launched as alternative to generate income for rural farmers. Bresse chicken, a specialty variety of chicken originating in France, introduced to farmers in Thailand by the Royal Project Foundation is selected to be a case study as it has potential to help farmers increase income. In order to promote this type of chicken under the existing competitive environment, the understanding in the structure of industry and the strategies to compete in the market are needed. The attractiveness and competitiveness of Bresse chicken in the market are analyzed by employing Five Forces Model. The competitive strategies to deliver this product to market can be formulated and used as guidance to manage Bresse chicken effectively.

International audience; The aim of this paper was to reveal the success factors of a high-value crop cluster which provides additional income to farmers in remote areas. The Bresse chicken cluster managed by the Royal Project Foundation was selected as a case study due to its high potential. The actors, their roles and benefits as well as the performance of the cluster to help farmers overcome constraints and enhance abilities to compete in the market were investigated. Data were collected from the reports of the Project and from stakeholders by using questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The results from the study showed that the outputs of the cluster are not just an increase in farmers' income, but also the achievement of capabilities. The major success factors for long term clustering are the presence of a strong functioning network and partnership among the stakeholders. These result from the platform opening for vision sharing and research being conducted by the stakeholders, the personality traits and competencies of a cluster engineer, and the equality of benefits provided to stakeholders involved in the cluster. Further, continual knowledge support from academic organizations as well as good functioning of knowledge sharing in the cluster are also key success factors

International audience; The transition of manufacturing companies towards Product Service System (PSS) offers was mainly treated in the literature at the strategic level. This paper aims at studying the impact of the transition in operation management, with a specific focus on capacity management. With this purpose we present below a PSS Production System, used as a decision support tool. We first explain conceptually the modelling approach used, and the general concepts. Then we explain how discrete events simulation was applied to study different scenarios and strategy of capacity management on a case study. First results of this feasibility study are discussed.

Part 17: Designing Collaborative Networks; To support companies in collaborative supply chain, new strategies have been set up and developed in the past years. In this context, the first aspect of this paper is to provide an overview of these different collaborative strategies either in vertical or horizontal level. We further develop literature-based constructs for both types of collaboration. After this large-scale survey this paper proposes a conceptual framework for pooling supply chain as an horizontal collaborative logistic strategy. Moreover, our objective is to highlight the link between horizontal collaborative logistic and sustainable development, to show that the strategy of pooling supply chain can achieve the goals of sustainable development, namely, the environmental, economic and societal objectives

National audience

http://www.enbis.org/activities/events/current/214_ENBIS_12/programmeitem/1169_Managing_Information_Technologies_Capacities_through_Data_Analysis__Data_Availability___Exploitation; International audience; Architectures are critical to improve organization efficiency (Weill & Ross, 2004). Consequently, IT managers must basically anticipate to provide without interruption enough IT capacity to enable business' operation plans and forecasts, in order to ensure the functioning continuity of manufacturing systems (Kloesterboer, 2011). Nowadays, IT architectures are composed of multiple connected and interdependent components. As a consequence, IT systems give raise to emergent phenomena, which often cannot be anticipated by only considering individual components (Mitleton-Kelly, 2011). To cope with such complexity, IT executives more and more rely on data analysis to manage the capacity of information systems (Gunther, 2007; Allspaw, 2008). IT management best practices, like ITIL framework, recommend setting up information systems, dedicated to facilitate the access to all historical data necessary to manage capacity (Lloyd & Rudd, 2007). Operationalizing such a data-driven IT capacity approach is often difficult, notably when confronted to large scale complex information systems. However, these complex systems are typically those requiring innovative approach for capacity management. Our presentation proposes original concepts to enable the constitution and exploitation of an IT capacity information system: 1) Relevant data are likely to be dispersed through disparate databases (Lloyd & Rudd, 2007). An aggregation and filtering is a prerequisite to any exploitation of these data. Fulfilling this requirement can present many problems. A solution, based on the effective use of metadata, will be introduced, to provide IT managers with all appropriate information. 2) When available, data need then to be properly exploited. IT managers have to handle some challenging topics: how to build predictive IT capacity models, using business activity data as inputs (Kloesterboer, 2011)? How to define automatic monitoring tools (Dugmore & Lacy, 2005) to detect abnormal system's behavior? Statistical methods overcoming such challenges will be proposed. Real cases will be used to bring these concepts to life.

International audience; Recently, over 80% of ceramic SMEs in Lampang, known as the biggest source of ceramic production in Thailand have been closed down rapidly due to several reasons such as the difficulties to find funds for sustainment and facing intensive competition in global market. The main problems we found from this study are divided into four main perspectives including the expiration of product, process, Information Technology (IT), and people. Knowledge Management (KM) is the competitive weapons of our time. It helps the organizations in increasing productivity, effectiveness and efficiency in operations. Intellectual Capital (IC) theory is one of a KM strategy for enterprises focused on giving all stakeholders an outstanding of what the real value of the company is, and where it is coming from. To overcome the problems cover all perspectives, we propose the Knowledge Management System (KMS) implementation framework which applies the integration of Business Plan, Business Process Reengineering (BPR), Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), and New Product Development (NPD) using the Joint Application Design (JAD) methodology for operationalizing user involvement and user participation based on the concept of IC. The objective of our KMS is to overcome the main problems that Thai Ceramic SMEs have been facing for their performance improvement and viability.

RESUME. Cet article presente les premiers resultats d’une recherche visant a mieux piloter le couplage entre systeme industriel et technologies de l’information. Il se concentre sur une premiere etape, consistant a etablir des liens quantifiables entre l’activite industrielle et l’utilisation des ressources informatiques materielles. Un processus structure de modelisation est propose dans ce but. En combinant analyses quantitatives (analyse de donnees) et qualitatives (implication des experts des systemes), cette demarche de modelisation vise a decrire les interactions entre le systeme industriel et les technologies de l’information, puis a les quantifier. Une application de cette methode est presentee sur un cas reel. Cet article souligne egalement comment cette methode participe a la creation de connaissances au sein de l’organisation.

International audience

IFAC-PapersOnline.net (ISSN 1474-6670); International audience; The objective of this paper is to present a modeling procedure, based on the use of statistical methods, to develop predictive models for Information Technology (IT) capacity planning. The goal of these models is to be able to predict IT variables’ behaviour, using initial inputs provided by high-level business explanatory variables. The modelling process consists in two main sequences, exploration and explanation, divided into modelling steps, which mix qualitative and quantitative analyses. The modelling process builds a progressive understanding of relationships among the different levels of the IT architecture. The final outcome is a statistical model, linking IT resource utilization to manufacturing activities variables. An application of the modelling process is developed in the context of the STMicroelectronics information system. As a result, two predictive models which focus on subsystems of the whole information system, link the physical servers’ daily use to manufacturing variables such as level of production, manufacturing processes deployment and fabrication throughput.

Le développement durable comme levier d'innovation des services

International audience

International audience; This study intends to firstly apply a multi-criteria decision method (MCDM) in a focus manufacturer. The MCDM which is analytic network process (ANP) is elaborately selected to be able to consider with complicated requirements of current customer demands including product quality, cost and environmental issue. According to the newly applied decision method with the organization, therefore, at the same time of implementation, a knowledge creation process is concurrently considered for sustaining new emerged knowledge. This study relates to multidisciplinary subjects; those are ANP, eight quality dimensions of Garvin, life cycle costing (LCC), socialization, externalization, combination and internalization (SECI). These related methods are applied to response with decision making and knowledge creation from the newly applied method. Finally, the selected methods can deliver an optimal product, and also embed the new emerged knowledge within the organization

iFirst 16 p.; International audience; High-technology Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) have regularly shown their capacities for creating and developing innovative services. However, their reduced size often confines them to vertical applications and limits the possibilities for broader development. Strategies grouping SMEs into collaborative networks are possible but sometimes need a strong leader to ensure credibility. On the other hand, large integrator-operators cannot be proficient in all the necessary domains, particularly when applications move very fast. They very much need the diversity and the dynamics of these SMEs to provide service packages with a common service backbone. Uniting the different actors is a challenge displaying good promises from various perspectives including sustainability. However, it is necessary that the links between the different partners and their corresponding activities be correctly represented in a model to be understood. This article proposes a new model for activities and processes in firms collaborating together in a network. A clearer understanding of the organisation acquired with the model, which is then used to discuss sustainability issues within the network.

Part 2: Service Enhanced Products; International audience; The French ANR Project ServINNOV intends to analyze the transition of industrial SMEs towards the integration of service activities and the production of PSS Systems. Based on the first results of a qualitative analysis of a set of 8 case studies, the paper discusses key factors influencing such organizational transitions.

International audience; Recently, over 80 percent of ceramic SMEs in Lampang, known as the biggest source of ceramic production in Thailand have been closed down rapidly due to several reasons such as the difficulties to find funds for sustainment and facing intensive competition in the global market. To overcome this situation, we propose a Knowledge Management System (KMS) framework based on Intellectual Capital (IC) theory. This framework is based on the identification of the various stakeholders of the enterprise and their roles in creating the knowledge. To improve performance of SMEs, we propose to develop four perspectives: Business Plan, Business Process Reengineering (BPR), Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), and New Product Development (NPD) using the Joint Application Design (JAD).

International audience; In modern manufacturing systems, Information Technologies (IT) are closely linked to production operational functioning. To be a reliable service provider, IT Departments must ensure an adequately sized IT infrastructure, to support present and future industrial activity. As such, quantitative tools are useful for IT managers to anticipate future use of IT resources, on the basis of production-related explanatory variables. This paper proposes a modelling process to build such a tool. This modelling process is organized through two main sequences, exploratory and explanatory, and mixes qualitative and quantitative analyses. Taking advantage of the masses of data stored in modern manufacturing systems, it allows a progressive understanding of the relationships between the different domains of the IT architecture. To illustrate the application of the modelling process, this endeavour was conducted in a partnership with STMicroelectronics, to base the research upon and provide a case study. The latter established quantified links among the activities of the STMicroelectronics Manufacturing Execution System server and several manufacturing related explanatory variables. This paper demonstrates that using such statistical approaches through our modelling process, can overcome a typical issue of modern IT systems capacity planning works: establishing direct and quantified links between business and IT activities.

Part 2: Service Enhanced Products; International audience; For many reasons (differentiation, duration of the relationship with the customers...) a lot of firms, especially SMEs, are moving from an offer of product to an offer of a product-service. From this point of view, firms need to implement new management rules, in terms of skills and control. In this paper, we propose a framework with three levels of modeling, which aims at providing guidelines to firms that enter in this new paradigm. This framework is based on theoretical investigations on the service concept, and on real SMEs cases.

International audience; Firms cannot be competitive if their information systems (ISs) and business strategies are not aligned. The strategic alignment model (SAM) developed by Henderson and Venkatraman (Strategic alignment: leveraging information technology (IT) for transforming organizations. IBM Systems Journal, 38 (2/3), 472–484.) considers strategic alignment as a stand-alone challenge between a company and its IS. This concern of alignment has not been empirically extended to the inter-organisational level. This research raises the question of inter-organisational alignment and follows how companies, embedded in a supply chain (SC), adapt their ISs and organisations while implementing IT-driven innovation. We conducted a case study on a radio frequency identification (RFID) project in a jewellery SC. This SC is made of a middle-sized retailer (MSR), composed of headquarters and 80 stores, and one single supplier, a logistic service provider (LSP). By combining an RFID project framework and the SAM, this study provides some answers to the dynamics of alignment and highlights various sequences according to the different phases of the project. Through a single case study, this article finally proposes to extend the alignment perspectives of the SAM to the inter-organisational level.

International audience; High-technology SMEs have shown their capacity for creating and developing innovative services. Reduced size often confines them to vertical applications and limits possibilities for broader development. Network strategies are possible but may need a strong leader to ensure credibility. On the other hand, large operators cannot be proficient in all the necessary domains, particularly when applications move very fast. Therefore they very much need the diversity and the dynamics of SMEs to provide service packages within a global infrastructure. Bringing together different SME actors behind a telecom provider is a challenge displaying good promises if the links between the different services are correctly identified and modelled.

International audience

http://www.enbis.org/docs/6190_4836157499.pdf; International audience; This research is carried out within a semiconductor production plant of the firm STMicroelectronics. The company's Department of Information Technology (IT) is collecting huge databases of information about the information systems (IS), to store performance and activities variables, called metrics. However, their exploitation is under-optimized, because their systematic analysis is not the priority of IT professionals. In this context, we are willing to develop statistical tools, helping IT professionals (i.e. understandable by non-statisticians) to take advantage of this amount of information. We are particularly interested in two activities of the ITIL (Information Technology Infrastructure Library) Capacity Management process: IS monitoring and IS modelling. As the starting point, STMicroelectronics IT Department was manually monitoring a selected set of performance and activities metrics. This was time-consuming and inefficient: only a little part of the IS was under control and many exceptional IS activities were not detected. We implemented a statistical answer, built on a Holt-Winters based monitoring coupled with a robust standard-deviation estimator. This solution is already up and running and allows a fully automated monitoring of several hundred metrics. The modelling activity is aiming at evaluating the interactions between business and IS activities. STMicroelectronics is doing this work by rule of thumb, without any support from a quantified tool. We are currently working on developing such a tool, based on a multivariate statistical analysis of the available metrics. At the present time, we have already identified and quantified some interesting pat- terns, helping at understanding several interactions between the different layers (resource-application- business) of the IS. Beyond the answer to the ITIL process, we are also happy to see that this work really helps at developing a "statistical culture" within the IT Department: brainstorming meetings and presentation of our research results are developing a positive emulation about the use of statistics.

http://www.i4e2.org/iesm11/free_access_documents/proceedings_bibtex.txt; International audience

International audience; Recently, due to the financial crisis all over the world, the intensive competition in global market, lack of government and financial support, and non-using advanced technology, many small and medium sized ceramic enterprises (SMEs) in Lampang, Thailand have been closed down dramatically. This paper deals with the upgrading of Thai SMEs in order to meet with the international standards and business viability. Based on different tools and methodology applied, such as Business Planning, Product Lifecycle Management (PLM), Business Process Reengineering (BPR), and open source Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), a proposed conceptual framework was developed for SMEs Business Life Cycle Management. The result of this research is expected to get a framework for preparing experienced SME before taking a loan from the banks or being registered to MAI. The framework is applied with the Intellectual Capital (IC) theory. Solution Ceramic Co., Ltd. is used as a case study for this work.

Part 13: Mining Approaches in Collaborative Networks; International audience; In a context of decision-aid to support the identification of collaborative networks, this paper focuses on extracting essential facets of firm competencies. We present an approach for enrichment of competence ontology, based on two steps where a novel effective filtering step is utilized. First we extract the correlation between terms of a learning dataset using the generation of association rules. Second we retain the relevant new concepts using an extracted semantic information. The suggested approach was tested on an ontology of mechanical industry competencies. Experiments were performed on real data, which show the usefulness of our approach.

International audience

http://uma.ensta-paristech.fr/files/diam/docro/roadef_2011/VERSION-ELECTRONIQUE/roadef2011_submission_130.pdf; National audience; Ce document présente les premiers résultats d'un doctorat réalisé avec ST Microelectronics. L'objectif est d'anticiper l'impact de l'activité d'une usine de production de semi-conducteurs sur les capacités des ressources (serveurs, base de données, ...) d'un système d'information complexe. En ce sens, on souhaite construire un modèle d'aide à la décision à vocation prédictive.

International audience; Une littérature abondante s'est développée pour analyser et caractériser la nature des différentes relations qui peuvent exister dans la chaîne logistique collaborative. Nous proposons dans cet article une analyse fine pluridisciplinaire des principaux travaux dans ce domaine. Nous abordons cette littérature de deux manières complémentaires. Tout d'abord, nous l'analysons par rapport aux cadres/approches proposé(e)s en s'intéressant plus particulièrement à la problématique traitée, les attributs utilisés, le contexte d'application, les principaux résultats et la méthodologie adoptée. Ensuite, nous proposons un focus par rapport à chacun des attributs utilisés dans la littérature en explorant, sa définition, son domaine d'utilisation et les différents travaux qui l'ont utilisé. Enfin, et en se basant sur cette analyse, nous proposons une première ébauche d'un nouveau cadre d'analyse et caractérisation des relations dyadiques basé sur la création de valeur.

International audience; Lots of companies try to remain competitive through effective supply chain management. To deal with the supply chain effectively, several strategies based on information sharing have been developed. Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) is one of them that is often used. The objective of this study is, first, to simulate the performance of supply chains comparing the results of ideal homogeneous supply chains with those having diverse levels. Then, the ability of VMI to upgrade the overall supply chain performance is analyzed. The model developed is composed of one supplier, three manufacturing firms separated by three transport companies and a final customer. A Make to Stock (MTS) supply chain, which uses the Reorder Replenishment Point (ROP) for managing batch production and the (s, S) policy for inventory control are considered. Two VMI implementations between different pairs of tiers are analyzed. Four company performance classes are used to characterize supply chain members. Results show that there are supply chain behavioral differences according to the position of the lower ranked enterprise. It is more suitable to place the most effective company directly upstream of the end customer. Furthermore, VMI introduction seems more interesting for suppliers than for customers. Finally, the advantages of VMI appear to be stronger when the overall supply chain is less effective.

http://www.springerlink.com/content/978-3-642-15960-2#section=791431&page=1; International audience; Nowadays collaboration among organizations in the so called Virtual Organizations (VOs) is the most advanced form to make business. Their emergence and growing are closely related to integrated information and communication technology (ICT). One of the promising approaches to carry out the agility and flexibility in VO creation is defined under the assumption of a VO Breeding Environment (VBE). To support such agile organizations, an efficient IT system and methodologies should be set in order to facilitate their daily management activities. Service-oriented software technologies provide promising means to regulate and enforce coordination of cross-organisational business services interactions but lack organizational abstractions and methodology. This paper proposes a framework for collaborative network coordination in the VBEs's context. The proposed framework satisfies flexibility and agility requirements of virtual organization using a multi layer approach combining VBE management systems layer that assist flexible VO creation, a semantic interoperability layer essential for promoting integration on the basis of common language that describe VO concepts and inherent dependencies, and a service oriented layer that introduces the concept of service domain that encapsulates business processes fitting VO requirements.

International audience; Most of poor people in the world are farmers who have major part of livelihoods on agriculture. Therefore agriculture provides an effective means for reducing poverty and accelerating economic growth. As poverty is the main cause of hunger, increasing in the self reliance of food in house hold of farmers in remote and scarce source area is as important as increasing in income. In order to solve the problems, this situation, however; needs to be addressed on the gaining access to the whole system of value chains for goods. As found from a previous survey, an alternative to agricultural practices called "the New Theory Agricultural" can help farmers to gain income, and become more self sufficiency for food. This paper aims to present a qualitative research method for analyzing supply chains and for identifying effective chain redesign strategies. By applying the "the New Theory Agricultural", the main goal is to propose a supply chain management for agriculture that can solve the problems arise from the exit uncertainties and constraint. The "New Theory Agricultural" consists of 3 stages; self reliance - sufficient food for consumption within house hold and community, ability to generate sufficient income from surplus supply for small scale farmers; minimize total cost of supply chain.

International audience; For a long time, contingent staffing was considered as the responsability of the Human Resource department. The high needs of workforce flexibility combined with disseminated agencies have led some companies to a great number of labor suppliers. This situation has produced important cost variation, poor quality of service, and important risk due to the mistunderstanding by local managers of legal considerations. To face this situation, companies have started to move from a HR consideration to a purchasing one. This paper deal with the problem of sourcing contingent workers as a supply chain mangement issue: to secure and optimise the sourcing of non permanent workers, companies need to involve different departments within the organisation and to develop an optimise business process with some prefered suppliers. A case study developped with Wincanton finally illustrates the benefit of identifying the needs and outsourcing to a unique service provider such a sourcing process.

http://www.egc.asso.fr/sdoc-191-egc10_atelier_web_social.pdf; International audience; Dans cet article, nous proposons une approche de recherche et de traitement de l'information pour la constitution des réseaux coopératifs d'entreprises à partir de leur site web. Cette approche est basée sur une procédure automatique d'extraction d'information pour la génération des nouvelles connaissances. Ces connaissances sont les raisons qui peuvent et/ou qui doivent amener les entreprises à envisager des coopérations entre elles. Dans cet objectif, connaitre en temps réel et avec précision le secteur d'activité de l'entreprise est indispensable. L'approche abordée dans cet article repose sur des outils et des méthodes de recherche d'information, à savoir, l'indexation contrôlée et le matching. La bonne connaissance de cette activité permet de faire émerger des réseaux coopératifs d'entreprises de divers types.

National audience; La finalité de ce travail de recherche est de contribuer à la mise en oeuvre d'aides à la décision pour la constitution de réseaux collaboratifs d'entreprises. Notre contribution se focalise sur les mécanismes d'extraction d'information utilisés préalablement aux outils décisionnels. Comme hypothèse de base, nous travaillons sur un univers ouvert de partenaires, constitué par le réseau internet. Les travaux développés dans ce papier visent à extraire des informations clés sur les compétences des partenaires potentiels, en vue d'analyser ultérieurement la similarité entre les compétences d'entreprises. Cette similarité de compétences est l'un des paramètres à prendre en compte dans la recherche de réseaux collaboratifs. L'objectif de l'article est de mettre en évidence la méthode de construction d'une ontologie des compétences adoptée pour ce travail, puis de proposer un formalisme basé sur les " patterns " destiné à utiliser cette ontologie en vue d'extraire des traces de compétences d'entreprises.

International audience; Since the beginning of the Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) paradigm, with its various implementation technologies such as Web services, the focus of industrial communities has been on providing tools that would allow seamless and flexible application integration within and across enterprises' boundaries. In this paper, the authors present a Context-based, Service-oriented Modeling and Analysis (CSMA) method that guides service engineers in their choices of identifying, defining, and analyzing adaptable business services. The proposed method is business centric and comprises a set of structured steps grouped in two phases. Besides, the CSMA embraces Model-Driven Architecture (MDA) principles to model and refine adaptable business services models in the PIM level. The results from a pilot validation of CSMA for SOA enablement of a realistic enterprise training solutions are also presented.

The object of our study is a basic echelon of a decentralized supply chain. This echelon is made of a customer facing a random market demand and a supplier in charge of an intermediary product stock. The actors are bound by a linear wholesale contract. The customer is closer to the market and will have a better understanding of the demand. The customer can share its private information on forecasts with the supplier. The forecasts of market demand are binary: high demand or low demand. Thus the information is asymmetric, because the customer was initially better informed, but also imperfect because this information is only an approximate estimate of the actual orders of the final market. We study several models of supply chains (make-to-stock supply chain model on mono- and multi-period, make-to-stock supply chain model on mono-period) and we use two scientific approaches: non-cooperative game theory and methodology of experimental economics., L'objet de notre étude est une chaîne logistique à deux étages composée d'un donneur d'ordres face à une demande aléatoire de marché et d'un fournisseur qui est lié au donneur d'ordres par un contrat linéaire de prix de gros. Le donneur d'ordres, qui est plus proche du marché final, aura une meilleure connaissance de la demande et transmettra à son fournisseur de l'information sur les prévisions de cette demande. Les prévisions sur la demande du marché seront de type binaire : demande haute ou demande basse. L'information sera donc à la fois asymétrique car le donneur d'ordres sera au départ mieux informé, mais aussi imparfaite car ces informations ne seront que des prévisions approchées des commandes réelles finales du marché. Nous étudions plusieurs modèles de chaînes logistiques (le modèle MTS/MTO en mono- et multi-périodes et le modèle MTS/MTS en mono-période) et nous utilisons deux approches scientifiques : la théorie des jeux et la méthodologie d'économie expérimentale.

Today, enterprises face rapidly changing market conditions, new competitive pressures, new regulatory fiats that demand compliance, and new competitive threats. To cope with these business conditions, enterprises migrate to inter-organizational relationships as a way to adapt to their new environment, increase their efficiency, and gain competitive advantages. Suitable enterprise collaboration that fits with these large inter-organizations requires a high level and important change. It is clear that on demand enterprise collaboration drives the needs for the IT infrastructure to respond quickly, and support new business models instantaneously. Flexibility, adaptability and modularity features are the main characteristics of the target architecture. However, enterprise information systems were not designed to evolve with this new way of thinking. This adds another level of intricacy to an already complex IT infrastructure For this reason, building effective enterprise collaboration is not an easy task: it requires a new generation of IT architecture with more agility, flexibility and modularity. A contemporary approach for addressing these critical issues is the Service Oriented architecture (SOA). Nowadays, SOA becomes the most promising paradigm for leveraging enterprise information systems. It creates opportunities for enterprises to provide value added service. Usually, this paradigm models business activities as a collection of self-contained services available across the enterprise and can be used through standard protocols internally and externally. Although the hype surrounding SOA is widespread, the concept is still in its infancy with regards to actual implementations. Several problems have arisen. Issues like the lack of precise definitions for the SOA concepts involved and the enormous demand for process guidance and proven best practices in these projects are among the most frequently discussed in both industry and academia. Thus, our research aims at developing a new approach that ensures the effectiveness and efficiency of business cooperation based on the service concept. Our approach focuses on three complementary issues that are respectively: implementing service oriented architecture in the enterprise, building collaborative business process based on service compositions and ensuring the service adaptability to context changes. Our research is based on three major principles that are the engineering perspective, integration of flexibility and openness. First, adopting an engineering perspective implies a comprehensive guiding method and strong design principles based on a set of models and meta-models. Second, the flexibility implies considering service adaptability in order to accommodate the changeable situations. Third, the openness principle imposes us to use and to conform to industrial standards., Aujourd'hui la définition des nouveaux modèles d'organisation d'entreprises est guidée par l'intensification de la concurrence, la variabilité des demandes clients et la performance des communications. Dans ce nouveau contexte, les entreprises ont compris l'importance des coopérations interentreprises et mettent en place des modèles basés sur la coopération (entreprise virtuelle, réseau d'entreprises,...). Ces formes d'organisation ont un impact important sur les systèmes d'information. En particulier, la flexibilité et l'ouverture vers l'environnement deviennent des enjeux majeurs dans la conception de ces systèmes. Nos travaux de recherche s'intéressent à la question de coopérations à la demande en considérant que le système d'information est un élément central de cette problématique. Notre étude de l'état de l'art a révélé que la coopération à la demande est un choix stratégique difficile à réaliser vu que le système d'information n'est pas adapté à ce type de fonctionnement. En effet, l'adhésion d'une entreprise à des scénarios de coopération est régie par une double préoccupation. D'une part, l'entreprise présente un manque de flexibilité au niveau du système d'information, support à son métier et d'autre part, mettre en oeuvre une coopération à la demande exige le développement d'un cadre bien défini qui permettra aux entreprises d'interconnecter leurs différents processus au sein d'un processus global. L'architecture orientée services et la technologie service Web semblent proposer des réponses crédibles aux besoins tant au niveau interne (système d'information support à la coopération) qu'au niveau externe (services disponibles aux partenaires). Ainsi, nos travaux de recherche ont eu pour objectif principal de développer une nouvelle approche qui assure l'efficacité et l'efficience de la coopération interentreprises basée sur l'approche service. Ils se sont focalisés sur trois sous problématiques complémentaires qui sont respectivement la problématique de construction (ou de migration vers) d'une architecture orientée services au sein de l'entreprise, la problématique de construction du processus coopératif à la demande et la problématique d'adaptation de la logique métier des services au contexte permettant de doter les services d'un certain niveau de flexibilité. Nos travaux de recherche reposent sur trois principes méthodologiques qui sont une perspective d'ingénierie, l'intégration de la flexibilité et l'ouverture. L'inscription dans une perspective d'ingénierie permet de suivre une démarche méthodologique qui guide l'identification du système attendu en utilisant un ensemble de méta-modèles et de modèles. L'intégration de la flexibilité se manifeste à travers la prise en compte du contexte et de l'adaptation d'une manière transversale tout au long du cycle de vie. Le principe d'ouverture impose de s'inscrire dans le cadre d'utilisation des standards industriels.

International audience

International audience

International audience

International audience; This paper discusses Web services synchronization at the composition level. Synchronization aims at assisting independent parties coordinate their actions and thus, avoid conflicts. Our previous work on synchronization primarily focussed on the component level and shed the light on two types of behaviors related to specifying Web services. The operational behavior defines the business logic that underpins the functioning of a Web service, and the control behavior regulates the execution progress of this operational behavior by stating the actions to carry out and the constraints to put on this progress. Operational and control behaviors continue to be used to specify composite Web services with respect to the orchestration schemas that these composite Web services have to comply with whether centralized or peer-to-peer. As a result, various types of messages to achieve synchronization are developed per type of orchestration schema. Experiments showing the use of these messages are reported in this paper as well.

International audience; Cet article propose un modèle de chaîne logistique décentralisée à deux niveaux, composée d'un donneur d'ordre travaillant à la commande (MTO) et de son fournisseur qui gère un stock de produits intermédiaires (MTS). Le donneur d'ordre, qui possède une information plus fiable sur le marché final que son fournisseur, peut lui transmettre des prévisions de commande fiables ou bien surévaluées pour assurer un stock suffisant de produits intermédiaires. Le fournisseur peut prendre en compte la stratégie du producteur et ne pas accorder de crédit à ses prévisions. Les deux joueurs sont alors bloqués dans un équilibre de Nash sous-optimal, dont ils pourront sortir par un partage fiable des prévisions du marché.

Recent research activities on the design of business processes were driven by flexibility. Process flexibility can be achieved through the ability to trigger dynamic changes in the core of business process components in a timely manner and in response to business environment evolution. The drivers for business process flexibility can be found in the “Context” of a process which may include among others time, location, weather, legislation, and culture. Context-Aware Business Process Modelling extends traditional business process models with contextual variables that trigger a dynamic behavior under continuous change. However, as yet, most of the research work in this area has focused on some specific contextual information to model some varying parts such as business rules and goals. Little attention has given to the design and development of a general framework for context-aware business process modelling. In this paper, major business process components were extracted from the main existent business process design formalisms, amplified by contextual information, and integrated into a more a general framework. A case study of a well known European Logistics Enterprise is used to illustrate how contextual information should be integrated within existent business process modeling approaches.