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Resumen Objetivo: Describir un abordaje quirúrgico con injerto en bloque en relación con el conducto nasopalatino y evaluar su desempeño clínico, la percepción sensorial del paciente y el resultado estético en el tratamiento implanto-protésico. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio clínico en una serie de 10 pacientes con defecto óseo que incluía el conducto nasopalatino con ensanchamiento desfavorable del foramen incisivo. Se colocaron 10 implantes: 6 en incisivo central derecho y 4 en incisivo central izquierdo. La rehabilitación implanto-protésica se llevó a cabo en tres etapas: 1) Diagnóstica: Se evaluaron parámetros clínicoestéticos y se realizó tomografía computarizada de haz cónico; 2) Quirúrgica: Se colocó injerto en bloque por palatino e incisal con regeneración ósea guiada simultánea, y entre seis y diez meses después se colocaron implantes de 3,8 mm de diámetro y una longitud de 10,5 a 15 mm; 3) Protésica: Se atornilló la corona con un torque de 32 N. Se realizó el seguimiento de los pacientes durante 2 a 9 años, en el que se evaluó espesor de la cresta ósea, prueba neurosensorial, percepción del paciente e índices estéticos rosa y blanco. Resultados: Previamente a la cirugía, la media y la desviación estándar del ancho vestibulopalatino de la cresta anterior, a nivel del foramen incisivo, en las alturas 4 mm, 8 mm y 14 mm apicales a la cresta ósea marginal eran de 3,5±2 mm, 5,4±1,5 mm y 6,1±1,9 mm, respectivamente. Las medias totales del espesor postratamiento de la cresta vestibulopalatina en las mismas alturas fueron de 10,09±2,01 mm, 10,5±1 mm y 13,4±3 mm. La evaluación de los resultados de los índices estéticos rosa y blanco fue satisfactoria. Ningún paciente informó alteración neurosensorial. Conclusión: Las variaciones anatómicas del conducto nasopalatino pudieron ser compensadas con un aumento óseo. El injerto en bloque y particulado optimizó la posición tridimensional del implante mejorando el contorno facial del paciente. El control realizado entre 2 y 9 años mostró estabilidad de los tejidos y mantención de la estética lograda. Palabras clave: Conducto nasopalatino, implante dental, injerto en bloque, regeneración ósea guiada. Abstract Aim: To describe a surgical approach with a bloc graft in relation to the nasopalatine duct, to evaluate its clinical performance, the sensory perception, as well as the aesthetic result of the implant prosthetic treatment. Materials and methods: A clinical study was conducted on a series of 10 consecutive patients with bone defects involving the nasopalatine duct with unfavourable widening of the incisive foramen, in which 10 implants were placed, 6 in the right and 4 in the left central incisor. The implant-prosthetic rehabilitation was performed in three stages: 1) Diagnosis: clinical-aesthetic parameters were evaluated and Cone Beam computed tomography scans were analysed; 2) Surgical: a block graft was placed palatal and incisal with simultaneous guided bone regeneration and between 6 and 10 month later implants were placed; 3) Prosthetic: crowns were screwed with a torque of 32 N. Patient follow-up was between 2 to 9 years. Outcomes assessed were: thickness of the bone crest, sensorineural test, pink and white aesthetics scores. Results: Mean values and standard deviation of the thicknesses of the anterior flange at the level of the incisive foramen, at different heights 4, 8 and 14 mm. Apical to the marginal bone crest were: prior to surgery, 3.5±2 mm, 5.4±1.5 mm and 6.1±1.9 mm respectively, and post-treatment thickness was 10.09±2.01 mm, 10.5±1 mm and 13.4±3 mm. The pink and white aesthetic index was satisfactory. No patient reported sensorineural disturbance. Conclusion: The anatomical variations of the nasopalatine duct could be compensated with bone augmentation. The block and particulate graft optimized the three-dimensional position of the implant, improving the patient’s facial contour. Follow-up, between 2 and 9 years showed tissue stability and maintenance of the aesthetics achieved. Key words: Block grafting, dental implant, guided bone regeneration, nasopalatine duct.

Implant-prosthetic rehabilitation of missing teeth in the anterior maxilla is often challenging due to ongoing bone resorption and remodeling events and may require regeneration procedures involving the nasopalatine canal (NPC). We describe a surgical approach with a block graft in relation to the NPC and evaluate clinical performance, sensory perception, and aesthetic result of the implant-prosthetic treatment over a two- to nine-year (mean: 3.5 years) follow-up. Ten implants (six in the right central incisor and four in the left central incisor) were, respectively, placed in 10 consecutive patients with bone defects affecting the NPC and unfavorable widening of the incisive foramen. Treatment stages included: (1) Diagnosis: evaluation of clinical-aesthetic parameters using Cone Beam Computed Tomography; (2) Surgery: block graft placement by palatine and incisal with simultaneous guided bone regeneration, and late (6–10 months) implant placement; (3) Prosthetics: placement of a screw-retained crown (torque of 32 N/cm). At treatment initiation, all the NPCs evaluated in our study were free of pathologies. Treatment evaluation included bone crest thickness, neurosensory status, patients’ treatment perception, and pink and white aesthetic scores (PES/WES). Pre-surgery, anterior ridge thickness at the level of the incisive foramen was (mean ± SD) 3.5 ± 2 mm, 5.4 ± 1.5 mm, and 6.1 ± 1.9 mm at heights of 4, 8, and 14 mm apical to the marginal bone crest, respectively. Post-treatment values were, respectively, 10.1 ± 2.0 mm, 10.5 ± 1.0 mm, and 13.4 ± 3.0 mm. The perception of treatment with the aesthetic pink and white indices (PES/WES) was an average of 7.5 and 7 points, respectively, out of a total of 10 each index, with a recovery of 100% of the neurosensory perception of the area. We propose that bone augmentation using block and particulate graft material can compensate for anatomical variations in the NPC, optimize implant’s three-dimensional positioning and improve facial contour, providing tissue and implant stability and good aesthetic outcomes.

Resumen Objetivo: Analizar la distribución de tensiones que provoca una fuerza axial en el modelo tridimensional, con el método de elementos finitos, en la prótesis parcial fija implantosoportada con voladizo distal (PPFIVD) sobre implantes dentales cortos en el sector posterior del maxilar parcialmente desdentado. Materiales y métodos: Se crearon modelos geométricos del maxilar. Se diseñaron dos grupos y cuatro subgrupos. En zona premolar, se ubicaron implantes cortos Standard Plus SLA® (Straumann) de diferentes longitudes. Grupo A: PPFIVD con dos implantes, GA1 de 8 mm y GA2 de 4 mm. Grupo B: PPFIVD con un implante, GB1 de 8 mm y GB2 de 4 mm. Se aplicó una fuerza axial de 100 N a 30°. Resultados: La distribución de las tensiones en los implantes fue menor en GA1 que en GA2, y en GB1 que en GB2. A nivel óseo, la distribución de las tensiones fue mayor en GA1 que en GA2, y en GB2 que en GB1. Se observaron microdeformaciones óseas periimplante y, posteriormente, desplazamiento del conjunto prótesis/implante. Conclusiones: La PPFIVD sobre dos implantes de 8 y 4 mm ferulizados podría ser una alternativa viable al levantamiento del piso de seno maxilar. La PPFIVD sobre un implante de 4 mm no sería recomendable. Las tensiones elevadas provocaron menor rendimiento en geometría oseoimplantaria, evidenciando microdeformaciones en el tejido óseo tridimensional y desplazamientos de la PPFIVD. Palabras clave: Análisis de elementos finitos, implante corto, prótesis parcial fija implantosoportada, voladizo distal. Abstract Aim: To analyze the stress distribution generated by axial forces in a three-dimensional model using the finite element method. The study was performed on implant-supported fixed partial prostheses with distal cantilever (PPFIVD) on short dental implants placed into the posterior partially edentulous maxilla. Materials and methods: Geometric models of the maxilla were created. Two groups and subgroups were designed. Standard Plus SLA® (Straumann) short implants of different lengths were located in the premolar area; Group A: PPFIVD with two implants, GA1 8 mm and GA2 4 mm, Group B: PPFIVD with an implant, GB1 8 mm and GB2 4 mm. An axial force of 100 N at 30° was applied. Results: The distribution of tensions at the level of implants was lower in GA1 in relation to GA2, and GB1 was lower than GB2. At bone level the stress distribution was higher in GA1 than in GA2 and in GB1 was lower than in GB2. Bone periimplant microstrain as well as PPFIVD displacement were observed. Conclusions: PPFIVD on two splinted 8 and 4 mm implants could be a viable alternative to the maxillary sinus floor lift. PPFIVD on a 4 mm implant would not be predictable. High tensions caused lower yields in bone-implant geometry, evidencing microdeformations in three-dimensional bone tissue and PPFIVD shifts. Key words: Distal cantilever, finite element analysis, fixed partial prosthesis, short implants.

Resumen Objetivo: Evaluar el comportamiento de diferentes membranas y materiales para relleno óseo en defectos críticos, en calotas de conejos, mediante microtomografía. Materiales y métodos: En 12 conejos machos de 3 kg se realizaron 4 defectos en la calota craneana, de espesor óseo total. Se los dividió aleatoriamente en tres subgrupos según el tipo de membrana de barrera utilizada. Los defectos se rellenaron con hueso bovino desproteinizado particulado Bio-Oss® (Geistlich-Pharma AG, Wolhusen, Suiza), con hidroxiapatita humana particulada MinerOss® (BioHorizons, Birmingham, AL, Estados Unidos), y con material dentario particulado (Banco de tejidos de Inbiomed S.A., Córdoba, Argentina); el cuarto defecto no se rellenó. Algunos de los especímenes fueron sacrificados a las 4 semanas, y otros, a las 8 semanas. Los niveles de mineralización se evaluaron con microtomografía de alta resolución. Resultados: Los mayores porcentajes de mineralización (media) se registraron al considerar las membranas amniocoriónicas (83,63%), seguidas de las de colágeno (81,44%) y, finalmente, de las membranas fascia lata (80,63%), pero las diferencias no resultaron estadísticamente significativas (p>0,05), por lo que se agrupó a todas estas membranas en un único subconjunto homogéneo (tabla 7). Los sitios injertados con diente descelularizado (96,83%) y Bio-Oss (88,42%) arrojaron los porcentajes de mineralización más elevados, pero sin diferenciarse significativamente entre sí (subconjunto 2); en tanto que MinerOss registró porcentajes de mineralización bajos (76% de media), con valores levemente superiores a los del grupo de cavidades sin relleno agregado (70,33%), por lo que la diferencia entre estos no resultó significativa (subconjunto 1). Cabe aclarar que los materiales del subconjunto 1 se diferenciaron significativamente de los del grupo 2 (tabla 4). Conclusiones: Las tres membranas utilizadas no mostraron diferencias estadísticas entre sí en ninguno de los dos períodos de tiempo. Sí hubo diferencias estadísticas entre los materiales de relleno utilizados; los defectos tratados con diente particulado y con hueso bovino desproteinizado evidenciaron gran cantidad de material calcificado, mientras que los defectos tratados con hidroxiapatita humana y los que no fueron rellenados mostraron menor cantidad. Palabras clave: Amniótica, colágeno, diente particulado, fascia lata, hidroxiapatita, hueso, membranas, microtomografía, regeneración, sustitutos óseos. Abstract Aim: To evaluate the behavior of different membranes and materials for filling bone critical defects in rabbits by micro-tomography. Materials and methods: Four defects were prepared in the cranial cap of 12 3 kg male rabbits of 3 kg, of including total bone thickness. They were randomly divided into three subgroups according to the type of barrier membrane to be used. The defects were filled with the deproteinized bovine bone particulate Bio-Oss® (Geistlich-Pharma AG, Wolhusen, Switzerland), with particulate human hydroxyapatite Miner- Oss® (BioHorizons, Birmingham, AL, USA), with particulate dental material (Tissue Bank Foundation, Inbiomed S.A., Córdoba, Argentina), and the last one was left without the addition of filler material. The animals were sacrificed at 4 and 8 weeks. Levels of mineralization were assessed by high resolution micro-tomography. Results: The highest percentages of mineralization (average) were recorded considering the amnio-corionic membranes (83.63%) followed by collagen (81.44%) and finally the fascia lata membranes (80.63%), but the differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05) and all membranes could be grouped into a single homogeneous subset (table 7). The sites grafted with decellularized tooth (96.83%) and Bio-Oss (88.42%), recorded the highest percentages of mineralization, but did not differentiate significantly from each other (subset 2). MinerOss showed low percentages of mineralization (76%), with values slightly higher than those recorded in the group of cavities without added filler (70.33%), so that the difference between them was not significant (subset 1). It should be noted that the materials of subset 1 differed significantly from those of group 2 (table 4). Conclusions: The three membranes used did not show statistical differences between them, in any of the two time periods used. There were statistical differences between the filling materials evidencing the presence of a large quantity of calcified material in the defects treated with particulate tooth and with deproteinized bovine bone and while smaller amounts of calcified material was registered in the case of defects treated with human hydroxyapatite and those that were not treated. Key words: Amniotic, bone, bone substitutes, collagen, fascia lata, hydroxyapatite, membranes, micro-tomography, particulate tooth, regeneration.

Resumen La planificación es una de las etapas más importantes del tratamiento, y también una de las más difíciles. Si lo hacemos de manera específica, parcial y no integral, no vamos a avanzar ni terminarlo correctamente. Además, es preciso cumplir con las expectativas de los pacientes, quienes buscan restauraciones permanentes que duren toda la vida. Si tenemos en cuenta los estudios clínicos de cualquier tipo de tratamiento, veremos que la tasa de supervivencia a largo plazo nunca es del 100%. El plan de tratamiento es la base del éxito de la rehabilitación. Después de haber almacenado todos los datos necesarios de forma integral, el profesional tiene la capacidad de ejecutar un plan de trabajo en detalle, lo cual puede facilitar el desarrollo de las actuaciones y dar lugar a un tratamiento exitoso. Palabras clave: Alta predictibilidad, estética, integral, largo plazo. Abstract Planning is one of the most important stages of treatment and also the most difficult one. If we do it in a specific, partial and incomprehensive manner, we will not advance the treatment and even not finish it properly. In addition, there is also a need to meet patients’ expectations. We all know that they want permanent restorations that should last a lifetime. If we look at the results of clinical trials in any kind of treatment, we never find long-term 100% survival rates. The treatment plan is the basis for a successful rehabilitation treatment. After all necessary data are comprehensively stored, the clinician has the ability to execute a work plan in detail, which may facilitate the development of actions, and this will lead to successful treatment. Key words: Esthetic, high predictability, integral, long term.

Resumen Objetivos: Observar, analizar y comparar las restauraciones coronarias, a fin de determinar si respetan formas y proporciones de los dientes naturales, por medio de sondas que permiten cuantificar estas dimensiones. Materiales y métodos: Con el instrumento T de Chu (Hu Friedy Inc.), se midieron el largo y el ancho de 50 incisivos centrales y laterales superiores, en pacientes de ambos sexos, de entre 25 y 50 años de edad, con salud periodontal, no fumadores, antes del tallado y luego de terminadas las coronas definitivas. Las mediciones previas a las restauraciones se consideraron grupo control. Los valores obtenidos fueron volcados en tablas y analizados estadísticamente con la prueba de Wilcoxon de muestras apareadas. Resultados: Se observaron variaciones (p=0,0001) en el largo y el ancho (mm) de los dientes luego del procedimiento protésico, en comparación a las medidas obtenidas de manera previa a las restauraciones coronarias. Conclusión: El uso del instrumento T de Chu garantiza la elaboración de restauraciones coronarias con proporciones adecuadas, gracias a que estandariza las dimensiones (ancho y largo). Palabras clave: Instrumento de Chu, restauración coronaria, proporciones estéticas. Abstract Aim: To monitor, analyze and compare crown restorations anatomic form to determine if they follow shapes and proportions of the natural teeth using probes that quantify these dimensions. Materials and methods: In this study a T of Chu instrument (Hu Friedy Inc.) was used to measure length and width of 50 upper central and lateral incisors, in both sex patients, between 25 and 50 years, with periodontal health, non smoking, prior to carving, and after finishing finished crowns. The measurements taken before preparation were considered the control group. The registered values were tabulated and submitted to statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon test for paired samples. Results: Significant difference (p=0.0001) in millimeters were found in length and width when comparing measurements before and after restoration. Conclusion: The use of the T of Chu instrument guarantees the elaboration of crowns with correct proportions since it standardizes the dimensions in width and length. Key words: Chu’s instrument, ceramic crown, aesthetic proportions.

Resumen Objetivo: Exponer, de manera ilustrativa, los fundamentos de la secuencia de la extracción de un implante dental de la cavidad del seno. Caso clínico: Se presentó un caso de intrusión de implante dental que producía sinusitis crónica odontogénica, ante lo cual se efectuó como tratamiento de primera una terapia antibacteriana sistémica y local, seguida de la extracción del implante. Conclusión: La intrusión o movimiento de los implantes dentales en el seno maxilar constituye una complicación frecuente característica de los pacientes que han sido sometidos a implante en el maxilar posterior, donde la calidad y la cantidad de hueso remanente es insuficiente para su correcta colocación. Por lo tanto, se recomienda realizar una evaluación adecuada del tejido óseo, del tipo de implante y de la técnica quirúrgica utilizada. Una de las causas más frecuentes de la intrusión del implante dental en el seno maxilar es la falta de anclaje primario adecuado. Palabras clave: Implante dental, sinusitis, intrusión, complicación, infección. Abstract Aim: The aim of this publication is to illustrate the extraction of an implant driven into the maxillary sinus. Case report: We present a clinical case of an implant intrusion, which produced a chronic odontogenic sinusitis and was treated in the first instance with local and systemic antibacterial therapy before it was surgically removed. Conclusion: Impelling implants in the maxillary sinus is a common complication seen in patients who undergo implant placement in the posterior maxilla, where the quality and quantity of remaining bone is insufficient for proper placement of dental implants. Proper assessment of bone tissue, implant type and surgical technique used is recommended. One of the most frequent causes that may drive a dental implant into the maxillary sinus is the lack of proper primary anchorage. Key words: Dental implant, sinusites, intrusion, complication, infection.

Resumen Objetivos: Exponer de manera concisa las bases, a modo esquemático e ilustrativo, de la secuencia de una rehabilitación implantosoportada estética en el sector anterior. Caso clínico: Se presenta una rehabilitación implantoasistida, condicionada por la ausencia de tejido óseo, la cual −mediante procedimientos quirúrgicos− permite recuperar este tejido perdido, ampliando sus posibilidades. En casi todos los casos clínicos el diagnóstico es uno solo, aunque surgen distintas alternativas de tratamiento. De allí la importancia de que −desde el inicio hasta el final del mismo− se recurra a una sistematización de los pasos a seguir. Conclusión: En este caso clínico, el éxito del tratamiento resultó predecible, ya que se fundamentó en el conocimiento de los principios biológicos, estéticos y funcionales que sustentaron la rehabilitación. Palabra clave: Regeneración ósea guiada, protocolos de carga, injertos, porcelana pura. Abstract Aim: The aim of this publication is to present concisely in a squematic and illustrative way a sequence of a cosmetic implant rehabilitation in the anterior sector. Case report: An implant-supported rehabilitation, conditioned by the absence of bone , is presented, in it some surgical procedures are used to restore the missing tissue to expand the restorative possibilities of the case. In most clinical cases, there is only one diagnosis, but various treatment alternatives Therefore, it is of vital importance the use of systematized protocols. Conclusion: We conclude that treatment success was predictable, in this case report, because it was based on the knowledge of biological, aesthetic, functional rehabilitation. Key words: Bone regeneration, loading protocols, tissue regeneration techniques, all-ceramic crown.

Resumen El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue comparar los resultados que se obtuvieron con un método virtual y un método experimental al analizar el comportamiento biomecánico de elementos dentarios restaurados con endopostes estéticos. Se utilizó el método de elementos finitos para desarrollar modelos de caninos superiores sanos y restaurados con endopostes de fibra de vidrio, fibra de cuarzo y titanio, y coronas definitivas. Además, se observó la distribución de tensiones bajo cargas externas. Luego, en un ensayo in vitro, se realizó la aplicación de las cargas para analizar la resistencia a la fractura de 48 caninos superiores restaurados de la misma manera que en el método virtual. El análisis de los resultados permitió concluir que los elementos dentarios restaurados, en los que el módulo elástico del endoposte era similar al de la dentina y al del material del muñón, tienen una mejor performance biomecánica. El estudio experimental corroboró las estimaciones del método de elementos finitos. Palabras clave: resistencia a la compresión, endopostes de fibra de vidrio, endopostes de fibra de cuarzo, método de elementos finitos. Abstract The main objective of this study was to compare the results obtained with virtual and experimental research methods adopted to analyse the biomechanical behaviour of teeth restored with esthetic posts. The finite element method was used to develop models of healthy maxillary canines and maxillary canines restored with definitive crowns and glass-fiber posts, quartz-fiber posts, or titanium posts. Furthermore, stress distribution was observed when external loads were applied. Load was applied in-vitro to analyse the fracture resistance of 48 maxillary canines restored in the same way as it was programmed e in the virtual research method. The analysis of results led to the conclusion that restored teeth, in which the elastic modulus of the post was similar to that of the dentine and the material of the core had the best biomechanical performance. The experimental study. Key words: compressive resistance, glass fiber posts, quartz fiber posts, finite element method.

The aim is to evaluate whether apigenin K and melatonin M5250 were able to stimulate bone formation after tooth extraction at one, two, and three months follow-up. Six male beagle dogs were used. Apigenin K and melatonin M5250 immersed in hemostatic collagen sponges were placed in the third and fourth premolar and the first molar extracted sockets; the second premolar was used as control. At one, two, and three months, bone core biopsies were performed, and picrosirius–hematoxylin was used for the staining process. In the first month, a higher amount of calcified bone tissue was observed in the melatonin (77.87% ± 1.2%) and apigenin K (69.81% ± 1.8%) groups than the control group (57.27% ± 0.54%), with apparent discrepancies in values between the three groups (p < 0.04). In the second month, there was a considerable improvement in the results in the areas with melatonin (79.81% ± 0.11%) than in those of apigenin K (71.65% ± 0.52%) and control (64.77% ± 0.44%) (p < 0.04). In the third month, the number of mature bone was similar to all the groups. The creation of new bone was significant in the melatonin group (82.78% ± 0.87%), followed by the apigenin K group (78.76% ± 0.43%) and the control group (57.27% ± 0.11%). From this experimental study in dogs, it can be concluded that melatonin and apigenin K can accelerate the process of mineralization of the bone matrix, and thus the creation of laminae in the early stages of healing (1 month). Less reabsorption of the post-extraction sockets can be expected with the topical application of melatonin and apigenin K. It seems that the stimulatory effects of bone healing induced by the topical application of melatonin and apigenin K are defect-size-dependent, being more evident in small defects compared to larger defects.

In many clinical situations, rehabilitation with implants in the posterior maxillary region is complicated by limited bone availability. In this context, the use of 4 mm long implants (known as extra-short implants) may be used thanks to the concept of osseointegration enhancement. It has been demonstrated that short implants offer an alternative to the regeneration procedures involved in placing longer implants in areas where bone height is compromised. This prospective pilot study tested a treatment protocol in which 11 extra-short (4 mm) implants were splinted to 11 mesially placed longer (8 mm) implants in the posterior maxillary regions of partially edentulous patients, without using supplementary bone regeneration procedures. Eleven patients were included in this single cohort study. The clinical performance of the extra-short implants was assessed during a two-year follow-up period, obtaining a 100% survival rate and mean bone loss of 0.3 mm. Implant stability measured by resonance frequency analysis (RFA) at the time of placement was 54.9 ± 4.9, increasing to 77.0 ± 2.6 at 24 months. The study demonstrated the gradual consolidation of osseointegration in bone of less-than-ideal quality in the posterior maxillary region. The results obtained show that a partially edentulous maxilla with reduced bone height may be rehabilitated by using an extra-short implant splinted to a mesial implant of 8mm length or longer. Despite the small sample size, this pilot study observed that extra-short implants achieved adequate bone stability and clinical performance after a 24-month follow-up.

The purpose of this work was to evaluate the behavior of different membranes and bone filling materials used to fill critical defects in rabbit calvaria. Four defects were prepared in the cranial calvaria of female rabbits. They were randomly divided into three subgroups according to the type of barrier membrane to be used. Four animals carried cross-linked bovine collagen membranes (Mem-Lok, Bio-Horizons, Birmingham, AL, USA)), four human fascia lata membranes (Tissue, Inbiomed SA, Córdoba, Argentina) and four human chorioamniotic membranes (Tissue. Inbiomed SA, Córdoba, Argentina). The defects were filled with the deproteinized bovine bone particulate Bio­Oss® (Geistlich­Pharma AG, Wolhusen, Switzerland), with particulate human hydroxyapatite MinerOss® (Bio-Horizons, Birmingham, AL, USA), with particulate dental material (Tissue Bank Foundation, Inbiomed S.A., Córdoba, Argentina), and the last one was left without the addition of filler material. In the first group of four specimens, a resorbable cross-linked bovine collagen membrane was placed over the skull and defects, without additional fixing. In the second group, a human fascia lata membrane was placed, without additional fixing. In the third group, a human chorioamniotic membrane was placed, without additional fixing. The animals were sacrificed at 4 and 8 weeks. The highest percentages of relative radiological density (average) were recorded considering the amnio-chorionic membranes (83.63%) followed by collagen (81.44%) and finally the fascia lata membranes (80.63%), but the differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). The sites grafted with a decellularized tooth (96.83%) and Bio­Oss (88.42%), recorded the highest percentages of radiological density but did not differ significantly from each other (subset 2). The three membranes used did not show statistical differences between them, in any of the two time periods used. There were statistical differences between the filling materials evidencing the presence of a large quantity of calcified material in the defects treated with particulate tooth and deproteinized bovine bone and while smaller amounts of calcified material were registered in the case of defects treated with human hydroxyapatite and those that were not treated.