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Anagen effluvium (AE) is a hair growth disorder that occurs due to a disturbance in the hair follicle cycling. The most common cause of AE is alopecia areata (AA). Autoimmune diseases like AA may develop after drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome and are usually long-standing conditions. We report the case of a 17-year-old woman who developed a severe and abrupt AE after DRESS syndrome with a full and rapid recovery after two months of topical minoxidil.

Os autores descrevem caso de paciente de dois anos de idade, apresentando lesões pápulovesiculosas no tronco que evoluíram para crostas, além de tumorações com necrose na região cervical. Durante a internação, observou-se estrabismo convergente à direita, de instalação súbita. Os exames histopatológico e imuno-histoquímico das lesões cutâneas comprovaram tratar-se de histiocitose de células de Langerhans, sendo o paciente submetido à quimioterapia com melhora importante do quadro.The authors describe the case of a two-year-old boy who presented vesico-papular lesions all over the trunk which became crusted, in addition to tumorations with necrosis in the cervical region. In the course of his hospitalization, he had sudden onset of convergent strabismus on the right side. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examination of cutaneous lesions revealed typical aspects of Langerhans' cell histiocytosis, thus confirming diagnosis. The patient underwent chemotherapy, with a significant improvement in his clinical picture.