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5. Public healthcare in Nottingham 1750 to 1911

Author

Bosworth, Ennis C.

Subjects
362.1, DA Great Britain
Abstract

The thesis is a study of the General Hospital, the General Dispensary and the Poor Law system in Nottingham, to evaluate the nature of the public healthcare provision each offered, the way in which they complemented one another and the extent to which they provided comprehensive cover of the healthcare needs of the sick poor and of the pauper sick and geriatric. The types of patients admitted or excluded by each institution and the recommendation systems which operated for the two charities are described. In-, out- and home patient numbers over time are quantified, and comment made in relation to population growth. An analysis and comparison of patient costs is made between the three Nottingham institutions and with comparative data from elsewhere. A major study of the General Hospital finances is made, analysing its management and showing the growing secularisation of funding. The Dispensary finances are also examined. The organisation of the Dispensary, the expansion of its medical districts and medical officers, and its provision of drugs are discussed. The healthcare provision under the Poor Law system is traced from its parochial days until the arrangements made from 1836 when the Union was founded, and the subsequent developments as the Poor Law system had increasingly to address the needs of the pauper sick and geriatric rather than the ablebodied unemployed. Topics treated are accommodation, medical officers and medical districts, drug dispensing and costs, care of imbeciles and those with infectious diseases, vaccination and nursing. The thesis attempts to evaluate the positive aspects of the healthcare provided by each institution while drawing attention to the shortcomings.

Published
1998

6. Estimates of regional natural volatile organic compound fluxes from enclosure and ambient measurements

Author

Guenther, A, Zimmerman, P, Klinger, L, Greenberg, J, Ennis, C, Davis, K, Pollock, W, Westberg, H, Allwine, G, and Geron, C

Subjects
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, Atmospheric Sciences, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience
Abstract

Natural volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions were investigated at two forested sites in the southeastern United States. A variety of VOC compounds including methanol, 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, isoprene and 15 monoterpenes were emitted from vegetation at these sites. Diurnal variations in VOC emissions were observed and related to light and temperature. Variations in isoprene emission from individual branches are well correlated with light intensity and leaf temperature while variations in monoterpene emissions can be explained by variations in leaf temperature alone. Isoprene emission rates for individual leaves tend to be about 75% higher than branch average emission rates due to shading on the lower leaves of a branch. Average daytime mixing ratios of 13.8 and 6.6 ppbv C isoprene and 5.0 and 4.5 ppbv C monoterpenes were observed at heights between 40 m and 1 km above ground level the two sites. Isoprene and monoterpenes account for 30% to 40% of the total carbon in the ambient non-methane VOC quantified in the mixed layer at these sites and over 90% of the VOC reactivity with OH. Ambient mixing ratios were used to estimate isoprene and monoterpene fluxes by applying box model and mixed-layer gradient techniques. Although the two techniques estimate fluxes averaged over different spatial scales, the average fluxes calculated by the two techniques agree within a factor of two. The ambient mixing ratios were used to evaluate a biogenic VOC emission model that uses field measurements of plant species composition, remotely sensed vegetation distributions, leaf level emission potentials determined from vegetation enclosures, and light and temperature dependent emission activity factors. Emissions estimated for a temperature of 30°C and above canopy photosynthetically active radiation flux of 1000 μmol m-2 s-1 are around 4 mg C m-2 h-1 of isoprene and 0.7 mg C m-2 h-1 of monoterpenes at the ROSE site in western Alabama and 3 mg C m-2 h-1 of isoprene and 0.5 mg C m-2 h-1 of monoterpenes at the SOS-M site in eastern Georgia. Isoprene and monoterpene emissions based on land characteristics data and emission enclosure measurements are within a factor of two of estimates based on ambient measurements in most cases. This represents reasonable agreement due to the large uncertainties associated with these models and because the observed differences are at least partially due to differences in the size and location of the source region ("flux footprint") associated with each flux estimate.

Published
1996

11. Irish endocrine society: 23rd annual meeting: Proceedings of meeting held at the Institute of Clinical Science, University College Hospital, Galway on November 13th and 14th, 1998

Author

Kokaly, W. J., McKenna, T. J., Kong, W. M., O’sShea, D., Alaghband-Zadeh, J., Jones, J., Carter, G., Smyth, P. P. A., O’Herlihy, C., Lazarus, J. H., Premawardhana, L. D. K. E., Parkes, A. B., Kularatna, C. S., Rees, A., Evans, J., Wijeyaratne, C., Da Silva, H., Gleeson, A., Anderton, K., Owens, D., Collins, P., Johnson, A., Collins, P., Tomkin, G. H., Smith, D., Finucane, F., McKenna, K., Finucane, J., Thompson, C. J., Phillips, J., McConnell, E. M., Atkinson, A. B., Ennis, C., McCance, D. R., Hadden, D. R., Sheridan, B., Bell, P. M., Suliman, A. M., Al-Saber, F., Hayes, F., Fiad, T., Culliton, M., Cunningham, S., McKenna, T. J., Smith, T. P., McKenna, T. J., Campbell, W., Johnston, C. F., Curry, W. J., Buchanan, K. D., Leary, A. C., Grealy, G., Higgins, T. M., Buckley, N., Barry, D. G., Ferriss, J. B., McNeill, K. M. S., Curry, W. J., Cunningham, R. T., Johnston, C. F., Buchanan, K. D., O’Hare, J. A., Burke, P., Grace, P., Murphy, E., Reynolds, J., Nolan, J. J., Chan, N. N., Darko, D., Jackson, A., Dhillo, W. S., O’Shea, D., Tomkin, G. H., Collins, P., Johnson, A., Owens, D., Kilbane, M. T., Ajjan, R. A., Weetman, A. P., Shering, S. G., McDermott, E. W. M., O’Higgins, N. J., Smyth, P. P. A., Johansson, ÁA. N., Johnston, C. F., Curry, W. J., Cunningham, R. T., Buchanan, K. D., O’Kane, D., Allen, J. D., Courtney, C. H, McAllister, A. S., McCance, D. R., Hadden, D. R., Atkinson, A. B., Sheridan, B., Kinsley, B. T., Smith, T., MacMahon, J., McKenna, T. J., McConnell, E. M., Atkinson, A. B., Bell, P. M., Hadden, D. R., McCance, D. R., Courtney, C. H, McAllister, A. S., McCance, D. R., Hadden, D. R., Atkinson, A. B., Leslie, H., Sheridan, B., Cannon, D., Powell, D., Kinsley, B. T., Smith, T., MacMahon, J., McKenna, T. J., Leslie, H., Sheridan, B., Courtney, C. H., Bell, P. M., McCance, D. R., Hadden, D. R., Atkinson, A. B., McSorley, P. T., Bell, P. M., Atkinson, A. B., Ennis, C. N., Sheridan, B., McCance, D. R., Young, I. S., and Fee, J. P. H.

Published
1998
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12. Irish endocrine society: Proceedings of meeting held 7th/8th November, 1997

Author

Gleeson, A., Owens, D., Collins, P., Johnson, A., Tomkin, G. H., Sexton, D. M., Creedon, G., Ledwith, M., Griffin, M., O’Meara, N., Collins, P. B., Kilbane, M. T., Tuite, A. M., Shering, S. G., Smith, D. F., McDermott, F. W. M., O’Higgins, N. J., Smyth, P. P. A., McKenna, K., Thompson, C. J., Kohler, W. M., O’Shea, D., Alaghband-Zadeh, J., Latham, K., Carter, G., Smyth, P. P. A., Shering, S. G., Kilbane, M. T., McDermott, E. W. M., Smith, D. F., O’Higgins, N. J., Lovell, S. L., Leslie, H., Doherty, C., Hadden, D. R., McGeown, Mary G., Kinsley, B. T., McKenna, T. J., Byrne, P. M., Gallagher, C., McKennal, M. J., Li Voon Chong, S. W., Darby, C., Freyne, P., Cullen, M. J., McKone, E., Heffernan, A., Darko, D. A., Kyrialcides, E., O’Shea, D., Burr, R., Carter, G., Armstrong, V. L., Ennis, C. N., Hunter, S. J., Sheridan, B., Atkinson, A. B., Bell, P. M., Giblin, L., Griffin, M. E., Otridge, B., O’Meara, N. M., Kinsley, B. T., Weinger, K., Bajaj, M., Levy, C. J., Waters, M., Simonson, D. C., Cox, D. J., Jacobson, A. M., Armstrong, V. L., Ennis, C. N., Sheridan, B., Atkinson, A. B., Bell, P. M., Traub, A. I., Creedon, G., Sexton, D., Griffin, M., O’Meara, N., Collins, P., Wiggam, M. I., Bell, P. M., Sheridan, B., Walmsley, A. E., Atkinson, A. B., Leary, A. C., Grealy, G., Higgins, T. M., Buckley, N., Barry, D. G., Murphy, D., Ferriss, J. B., McConnell, E. M., Bell, P. M., Hadden, D. R., McCance, R., Atkinson, A. B., Nikookam, K., Suliman, M. E., Carroll, M., Webster, J., Wilson, R. M., Cullen, D. R., McAllister, A. S., McCance, D. R., Hadden, D. R., Bell, P. M., Leslie, H., Sheridan, B., Atkinson, A. B., Alavi, Z., O’Hare, J. A., McAllister, A. S., Atkinson, A. B., McCance, D. R., Johnston, G. D., McKenna, M. J., and Freaney, R.

Published
1998
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13. Maximizing federal IT dollars: a connection between IT investments and organizational performance

Author

Whitehead, Ennis C. "Jim", Sarkani, Shahram, and Mazzuchi, Thomas A.

Subjects
United States. Department of Defense -- Management, United States. Government Accountability Office -- Management, Investment analysis -- Economic aspects, Communications software -- Economic aspects, Government computer systems -- Economic aspects, Government information technology services -- Economic aspects, Government systems management, Company business management, Government information technology services, Military and naval science
Abstract

Evaluating how best to invest government information technology (IT) dollars means making choices. Should agencies strengthen infrastructure with energy-efficient servers and increased network bandwidth, purchase software to cut costs, increase [...]

Published
2011

14. Irish endocrine society: Proceedings of the 19th annual meeting of the Irish endocrine society held at University College Hospital, Galway in October 1994

Author

Fearon, U., Clarke, D., McKenna, T. J., Cunningham, S. K., Morrison, P. J., Hughes, A. E., Nevin, N. C., Russell, C. F. J., Powell, D., Hadden, D. R., Bonar, B. D., Smith, D. F., Darke, C., Hetherton, A. M., Smyth, P. P. A., Hunter, S. J., Harper, R., Ennis, C. N., Crothers, E., Sheridan, B., Atkinson, A. B., Bell, P. M., Hayes, F., McKenna, T. J., Sheahan, K., McCabe, M., Conway, D. J., O’Higgins, N. J., Smyth, P. P. A., Garry, P., Laski, J., Brosnan, L., Collins, P., Devlin, J. G., Heaney, A. P., Atkinson, A. B., Curry, W. J, Johnston, C. F., Buchanan, K. D., Sheridan, B., Mirakhur, M., Fiad, T. M., Culliton, M., Cunningham, S. K., McKenna, T. J., Lynn, J. A., O’Shea, D. B., Meeran, M. K., Jackson, J. A., Bloom, S. R., Hunter, S. J., Ennis, C. N., Sheridan, B., Atkinson, A. B., Bell, P. M., Hayes, F., McKenna, T. J., Sheehan, K., Hayes, F., Heffernan, A., McKenna, T. J., Nugent, A. G., McGurk, C., Rutherford, R., Hayes, J. R., Johnson, G. D., Cusack, Y. A., O’Riordan, D., McDermott, E. W. M., O’Higgins, N. J., Smyth, P. P. A., Roche, E. F., McCormack, I., Tempany, E. T., Smyth, P. P. A., Smith, D. S., Deegan, P., Owens, D., Gilligan, S., Collins, P., Johnson, A., Tomkin, G. H., Heaney, A., Harper, R., Ennis, C., Sheridan, B., Atkinson, A. B., Bell, P. M., Wiggam, M. I., O’Kane, M. J., Harper, R., Atkinson, A. B., Hadden, D. R., Trimble, E. R., Bell, P. M., Dunne, F. P., Heath, D. A., Rollason, T., Ratcliffe, W. A., Marshall, T., Cronin, C. C., Barry, D. G., Crowley, B., Ferriss, J. B., Kinsley, B. T., Simonson, D. C., Jones, R., Owens, D., Collins, P., Johnson, A., Tomkin, G. H., Fiad, T. M., Culliton, M., Cunningham, S. K., McKenna, T. J., O’Shea, D. B., Lambert, P. D., Bloom, S. R., Herbert, J., O’Hare, J. A., Abuaisha, F., Razza, Q., Geoghegan, M., Barrett, E., Clarke, D., Fearon, U., Cunningham, S. K., and McKenna, T. J.

Published
1995
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22. Irish endocrine society: Proceedings of 18th annual meeting held at Cork Regional Hospital, Wilton, Cork on November 5th & 6th, 1993

Author

Dimitriadis, E., Owens, D., Collins, P., Johnson, A., Tomkin, G., Cronin, C. C., Barry, D., Crowley, B., Ferriss, J. B., Hetherton, A. M., Smith, D. F., O’Herlihy, C., Smyth, P. P. A., Fiad, T. M., Culliton, M., Dunbar, J., Cunningham, S. K., McKenna, T. J., Heaney, A. P., Loughrey, G. L., McCance, D. R., Mcllrath, E., Hadden, D. R., Kennedy, L., Sheridan, B., Ferris, J. B., Whyte, A., Cleary, P. E., McAuley, D. J., Mathew, B., Bailey, I. C., Curtin, A., Lenehan, K., Deegan, P., Henry, M., Stapleton, M., Baker, H., Duggan, P. F., Mitchell, T. H., O’Hare, J. A., Geoghegan, M., Abuaisha, F., Fearon, U., Clarke, D., Roberts, R. N., Traub, A. I., Thompson, W., Whitehead, H., Holmes, J., Roberts, R., Al-Mandhari, N. A., Greer, A., Carson, D., Traub, T., Hadden, D., Heaney, A. P., Ferguson, T., Atkinson, A. B., O’Keeffe, S., Devlin, J. G., Donnellan, C., Russell, C. R., Kennedy, T. L., Kennedy, A. L., Atkinson, A. B., Long, H. A., Conway, D. J., Mercer, P. M., Murphy, D., Stokes, M., Sheahan, K., O’Higgins, N. J., Dunne, F. P., Ratcliffe, W. A., Mansour, P., Heath, D. A., O’Meara, N. M., Sturis, J., Herold, K. C., Polonsky, K. S., Beatty, O. L., Ritchie, C. M., Bell, P. M., Kennedy, A. L., Clarke, D., Fearon, U., Levy, J. C., Turkington, E., Hadden, D. W., Harper, R., Ennis, C. N., Johnston, G. D., Scanlan, P., Foley, M., Stronge, J., Firth, R., Hanson, R. L., Jacobsson, L. T. H., Bennett, P. H., Bishop, D. T., and Knowler, W. C.

Published
1994
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25. Irish endocrine society: Proceedings of the 16th Annual General Meeting held at the Ulster Hospital, Dundonald on November 1/2,1991

Author

Smyth, P. P. A., Lazarus, J. H., Parkes, A. B., Hetherton, A. M., Ndiaye, M., Devlin, J. G., Brosnan, E., Lee, P., Paton, C., Burke, C., Jenkins, A. J., Steele, J. S., Janus, E. D., Santamaria, J. D., Best, J. D., Beatty, O. L., Atkinson, A. B., Browne, J., Clarke, K., Sheridan, B., Bell, P. M., McCance, D. R., Russell, C. F. J., Kennedy, T. L., Hadden, D. R., Kennedy, L., Young, I. S., Torney, J. J., Trimble, E. R., Qiu, H. X., Zhang, S. H., Johnston, C. F., Buchanan, K. D., Cunningham, S. K., MKenna, T. J., Rooney, D. P., Neely, R. D. G., Cullen, C., Ennis, C. N., Trimble, E. R., McAteer, D. S., Mulholland, G., Ekeke, N., Fillmore, D., Ardill, J. E. S., Thompson, W., Cuny, W. J., Shaw, C., Harper, M. A., Murnaghan, G. A., Kennedy, L., O’Hare, J., Geoghegan, M., O’Herlihy, C., Ryan, R., Smyth, P. P. A., Dineen, S. F., Silverberg, J. D., Batts, K. P., Ballard, D. J., Rizza, R. A., Brennan, G. M., McVeigh, G. E., Johnston, G. D., McDermott, B. J., Hayes, J. R., Montwill, J., Fiad, T. M., and Culliton, M.

Published
1992
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26. Irish Endocrine Society: Proceedings of 15th Annual Meeting, University College Hospital Galway, November 2nd–3rd, 1990

Author

O’Connell, Y., McKenna, T. J., Cunningham, S. K., Morrison, P. J., Hadden, D. R., Hughes, A. E., Kennedy, L., Russell, C. F. J., Nevin, N. C., Brennan, D., Powell, D., Bell, P. M., Neely, R. D. G., Rooney, D. P., Ennis, C. N., Sheridan, B., Atkinson, A. B., Trimble, E. R., Whitehead, H. M., Kennedy, A. L., Scanlan, P., Dowling, M., Dervan, P., Corrigan, T., Heffeman, S., Firth, R., O’Hare, J., Abuaisha, B., Barrett, E., Smyth, P. P. A., Hetherton, A. M., Ryan, R., Herlihy, C. O., Smith, A., Montwill, J., McCance, D. R., Fannin, T. F., Gordon, D. S., Fiad, T. M., Golden, J., Rollins, M. D., Jenkins, J. G., Carson, D. J., McClure, B. G., Keenan, P., Cregan, D., Wade, B., Stinson, J. C., Tighe, O., Tyndall, P., Owens, D., Collins, P., Johnson, A., Tomkin, G. H., Neery, R. D. G., Ennis, K., Trimble, E., McKnight, J. A., Roberts, G., Dunne, F. P., Barry, D. G., Ferriss, J. B., Grealy, G., Murphy, D., Traub, A. I., Leslie, H., Atkinson, R. J., Grimes, H., and Skehill, R.

Published
1991
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33. Security of Payment in the Construction Industry: Does International Experience Provide a Crystal Ball for North America?

Author

Bell, M, Ennis, C, Juddoo, A, Rajoo, S, Reynolds, B, and Vogel, S

Abstract

Over the past two decades, more than a dozen jurisdictions around the world have enacted legislative reform programs to promote ‘security of payment’ within their construction industries. There are two linked foundations to these reforms: ensuring prompt payment for work done, and rapid interim adjudication of disputes over the amount of payment due for that work. This paper examines the reform processes currently underway in North America, focusing on those recently implemented in Ontario, Canada. It then draws on the experience in several other jurisdictions which have had security of payment legislation in place for some time (the UK, Ireland, the Australian states and territories, New Zealand, and Malaysia), along with proposed legislation in Mauritius, in order to distil lessons which can be applied for the benefit of the reform programs in North America. These include the need for clarity and, to the extent possible, cross-border consistency in the drafting and application of the elements of the schemes.

Published
2018

34. Irish endocrine society

Author

Gleeson, A., Owens, D., Collins, P., Johnson, A., Tomkin, G. H., Sexton, D. M., Creedon, G., Ledwith, M., Griffin, M., OʼMeara, N., Collins, P. B., Kilbane, M. T., Tuite, A. M., Shering, S. G., Smith, D. F., McDermott, F. W. M., OʼHiggins, N. J., Smyth, P. P. A., McKenna, K., Thompson, C. J., Kohler, W. M., OʼShea, D., Alaghband-Zadeh, J., Latham, K., Carter, G., McDermott, E. W. M., Lovell, S. L., Leslie, H., Doherty, C., Hadden, D. R., McGeown, Mary G., Kinsley, B. T., McKenna, T. J., Byrne, P. M., Gallagher, C., McKennal, M. J., Li Voon Chong, S. W., Darby, C., Freyne, P., Cullen, M. J., McKone, E., Heffernan, A., Darko, D. A., Kyrialcides, E., Burr, R., Armstrong, V. L., Ennis, C. N., Hunter, S. J., Sheridan, B., Atkinson, A. B., Bell, P. M., Giblin, L., Griffin, M. E., Otridge, B., OʼMeara, N. M., Weinger, K., Bajaj, M., Levy, C. J., Waters, M., Simonson, D. C., Cox, D. J., Jacobson, A. M., Traub, A. I., Sexton, D., Wiggam, M. I., Walmsley, A. E., Leary, A. C., Grealy, G., Higgins, T. M., Buckley, N., Barry, D. G., Murphy, D., Ferriss, J. B., McConnell, E. M., McCance, R., Nikookam, K., Suliman, M. E., Carroll, M., Webster, J., Wilson, R. M., Cullen, D. R., McAllister, A. S., McCance, D. R., Alavi, Z., OʼHare, J. A., Johnston, G. D., McKenna, M. J., and Freaney, R.

Published
1998
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37. Statistical Tricks and Traps : An Illustrated Guide to the Misuses of Statistics

Author

Ennis C. Almer, Louie Joseph Cantal, Ennis C. Almer, and Louie Joseph Cantal

Subjects
Sampling (Statistics), Statistics, Average
Abstract

First Published in 2017. As an applied branch of mathematics, statistical analysis is straightforward and non- controversial. Yet, there are dangers in using statistics that derive from two sources: Statistical Tricks: These occur when researchers deliberately attempt to mislead their readers. Also Statistical Traps: A researcher falls into a statistical trap when he or she naively or carelessly misapplies statistical methods or employs unsound research methods to generate statistical data. While a trap is not intentional, it can produce highly misleading results. However, this book will teach you what types of important questions researchers should address in their reports, and you will learn to take their results with a large grain of salt if they are not addressed.

Published
2017

42. No Difference Between Latiglutenase and Placebo in Reducing Villous Atrophy or Improving Symptoms in Patients With Symptomatic Celiac Disease

Author

Murray, Joseph A., primary, Kelly, Ciarán P., additional, Green, Peter H.R., additional, Marcantonio, Annette, additional, Wu, Tsung-Teh, additional, Mäki, Markku, additional, Adelman, Daniel C., additional, Ansari, S., additional, Ayub, K., additional, Basile, A., additional, Behrend, C., additional, Bercik, P., additional, Bressler, B., additional, Byrnes, V., additional, Chandan, V.S., additional, Cheekati, V., additional, Chipps, B., additional, Coates, A., additional, Collatrella, A., additional, Condemi, J., additional, Corder, C., additional, Corren, J., additional, Curtis, C., additional, DeMeo, M., additional, Desta, T., additional, Devereaux, C., additional, DiMarino, A., additional, DuPree, M., additional, Ennis, C., additional, Fedorak, R., additional, Fogel, R., additional, Freeman, S., additional, Freilich, B., additional, Friedenberg, K., additional, Geenen, D., additional, Gill, K., additional, Goldsobel, A., additional, Goldstein, J., additional, Goldstein, M., additional, Gordon, G., additional, Hardi, R., additional, Harris, L., additional, Holmes, R., additional, Jagarlamundi, K., additional, James, G., additional, Kaplan, M., additional, Kirstein, J., additional, Knoll, A., additional, Kotfila, R., additional, Krause, R., additional, Kravitz, A., additional, Kreines, M., additional, Lähdeaho, M.L., additional, Lamet, M., additional, Laskin, K., additional, Lebwohl, B., additional, Leffler, D., additional, Lewis, S., additional, Liakos, S., additional, Lundin, K., additional, Marks, K., additional, Merkes, K., additional, Minton, S., additional, Moussa, S., additional, Narayen, V., additional, Nehra, V., additional, Newton, E., additional, Nyberg, A., additional, Oosthuizen, J., additional, Otrok, T., additional, Patel, D., additional, Pepin, C., additional, Phillips, R., additional, Pyle, G., additional, Reichelderfer, M., additional, Reid, B., additional, Ritter, T., additional, Saini, S., additional, Sanders, D., additional, Schulman, M., additional, Semrad, C., additional, Shah, S., additional, Stockwell, D., additional, Strout, C., additional, Suez, D., additional, Tatum, H., additional, Torbenson, M.S., additional, Turner, M., additional, Varunok, P., additional, Vazquez-Roque, M., additional, Vento, A., additional, Welton, T., additional, Wohlman, R., additional, Wood, M., additional, Woods, S., additional, and Yousef, K., additional

Published
2017
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47. The Octopus Race : Third Grade Students' Naïve Theory of Heart Function during Exercise

Author

Pasco, Denis, Talbert, C., Sympas, I., Chen, Si, Hong, D., Loflin, J.-W., Zhang, Tiantian, Androzzi, J.-N., Chen, A., Ennis, C.-D., Centre de Recherche sur l'Education, les apprentissages et la didactique (CREAD), Institut universitaire de formation des maîtres - Bretagne (IUFM Bretagne), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)

Subjects
knowledge, education, Heart Function, exercice, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, Third Grade Students, physical activity, qualitative methods
Published
2012

48. Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review

Author

Travers, BG, Adluru, N, Ennis, C, Tromp, DPM, Destiche, D, Doran, S, Bigler, ED, Lange, N, Lainhart, JE, and Alexander, AL

Subjects
Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Adolescent, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Anisotropy, Brain, Humans, Child, Nerve Fibers, Myelinated, Article, Functional Laterality
Abstract

White matter tracts of the brain allow neurons and neuronal networks to communicate and function with high efficiency. The aim of this review is to briefly introduce diffusion tensor imaging methods that examine white matter tracts and then to give an overview of the studies that have investigated white matter integrity in the brains of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). From the 48 studies we reviewed, persons with ASD tended to have decreased fractional anisotropy and increased mean diffusivity in white matter tracts spanning many regions of the brain but most consistently in regions such as the corpus callosum, cingulum, and aspects of the temporal lobe. This decrease in fractional anisotropy was often accompanied by increased radial diffusivity. Additionally, the review suggests possible atypical lateralization in some white matter tracts of the brain and a possible atypical developmental trajectory of white matter microstructure in persons with ASD. Clinical implications and future research directions are discussed.

Published
2012

49. Perception of Complex Emotional Body Language of a Virtual Character

Author

Ennis, C., Egges, J., Kallmann, Marcelo, Bekris, Kostas, Games and Virtual Worlds, and Sub Games & Virtual Worlds begr. 1/9/13

Abstract

Virtual characters are a common phenomenon in serious game applications, and can enrich training environments for a range of different purposes. These characters can be used in games that have been developed to help people with learning difficulties. They can also be used to help users develop social skills, such as communication. For social interactions, much communicative information is contained in the body language between the parties involved. We know that humans are sensitive to emotions when they are conveyed on a virtual character and are capable of correctly identifying certain emotions. However, research on emotions and virtual characters tends to focus on a small number of emotions. We wish to create characters for a serious game who will convey a wide range of complex and subtle emotions. This paper presents a first investigation into the use of complex emotional body language for a virtual character. In two experiments, we examine participants’ perception of a range of motion-captured subtle emotions. Results from a pilot shows that participants are better able to recognise complex emotions with negative connotations rather than positive from a virtual character’s body motion. A second experiment aims to identify perceptual overlaps in these emotions, and results obtained motivate further investigation.

Published
2012

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