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1. RBD-specific antibody response after two doses of different SARS-CoV-2 vaccines during the mass vaccination campaign in Mongolia

Author

Burenjargal Batmunkh, Dashpagma Otgonbayar, Shatar Shaarii, Nansalmaa Khaidav, Oyu-Erdene Shagdarsuren, Gantuya Boldbaatar, Nandin-Erdene Danzan, Myagmartseren Dashtseren, Tsolmon Unurjargal, Ichinnorov Dashtseren, Munkhbaatar Dagvasumberel, Davaalkham Jagdagsuren, Oyunbileg Bayandorj, Baasanjargal Biziya, Seesregdorj Surenjid, Khongorzul Togoo, Ariunzaya Bat-Erdene, Zolmunkh Narmandakh, Gansukh Choijilsuren, Ulziisaikhan Batmunkh, Chimidtseren Soodoi, Enkh-Amar Boldbaatar, Ganbaatar Byambatsogt, Otgonjargal Byambaa, Zolzaya Deleg, Gerelmaa Enebish, Bazardari Chuluunbaatar, Gereltsetseg Zulmunkh, Bilegtsaikhan Tsolmon, Batbaatar Gunchin, Battogtokh Chimeddorj, Davaalkham Dambadarjaa, and Tsogtsaikhan Sandag

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Published
2023

2. SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Mongolia: Results from a national population survey

Author

Battogtokh Chimeddorj, Undram Mandakh, Linh-Vi Le, Batzorig Bayartsogt, Zolzaya Deleg, Oyunsuren Enebish, Oyunbaatar Altanbayar, Battur Magvan, Anuujin Gantumur, Otgonjargal Byambaa, Gerelmaa Enebish, Bat-Erdene Saindoo, Mandakhnaran Davaadorj, Avarzed Amgalanbaatar, Khangai Enkhtugs, Usukhbayar Munkhbayar, Batkhuu Bayanjargal, Tuyajargal Badamsambuu, Myagmartseren Dashtseren, Zolmunkh Narmandakh, Khongorzul Togoo, Enkh-Amar Boldbaatar, Ariunzaya Bat-Erdene, Yerkyebulan Mukhtar, Oyu-Erdene Shagdarsuren, Mandukhai Ganbat, Ochbadrakh Batjargal, Bayasgalantai Bavuusuren, Batzaya Batchuluun, Gereltsetseg Zulmunkh, Ganbaatar Byambatsogt, Khurelbaatar Nyamdavaa, Tserendagva Dalkh, Damdindorj Boldbaatar, Tuvshinjargal Tseren, Darambazar Gantulga, Otgonbayar Damdinbazar, Byambasuren Vanchin, Lorenzo Subissi, Isabel Bergeri, Davaalkham Dambadarjaa, Nymadawa Pagbajabyn, Gregory Greif, and Ryenchindorj Erkhembayar

Subjects
SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Pandemics, Seroepidemiological studies, Mongolia, Seroprevalence, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Background: With the global spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in early 2020, Mongolia implemented rapid emergency measures and did not report local transmission until November 2020. We conducted a national seroprevalence survey to monitor the burden of SARS-CoV-2 in Mongolia in the months surrounding the first local transmission. Methods: During October-December 2020, participants were randomly selected using age stratification and invited for interviews and blood samples at local primary health centres. We screened for total SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, followed by two-step quantitative SARS-CoV-2 IgG serology tests for positive samples. Weighted and test-adjusted seroprevalences were estimated. We used chi-square, Fisher's exact and other tests to identify variables associated with seropositivity. Findings: A total of 5000 subjects were enrolled. We detected SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in 72 samples. Crude seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was 1•44% (95%CI,1•21-1•67). Population weighted and test-adjusted seroprevalences were 1•36% (95%CI,1•11-1•63) and 1•45% (95%CI,1•11-1•63), respectively. Age, sex, geographical, and occupational factors were not associated with seropositivity (p>0•05). Symptoms and signs within past 3 months and seropositivity were not associated at the time of the survey (p>0•05). Interpretation: SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Mongolia was low in the first year of the pandemic potentially due to strong public health measures, including border restrictions, educational facilities closure, earlier adoption of mask-wearing and others. Our findings suggest large-scale community transmission could not have occurred up to November 2020 in Mongolia. Additional serosurveys are needed to monitor the local pandemic dynamic and estimate how far from herd immunity Mongolia will be following-up with vaccination programme in 2021 and 2022. Funding: World Health Organisation, WHO UNITY Studies initiative, with funding by the COVID-19 Solidarity Response Fund and the German Federal Ministry of Health (BMG) COVID-19 Research and development. Translation: Cyrillic and Traditional Mongolian translation of abstract is available on appendix section.

Published
2021
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3. SARS-CoV-2 seroepidemiology in Mongolia, 2020–2021: a longitudinal national study

Author

Battogtokh Chimeddorj, Christopher R. Bailie, Undram Mandakh, David J. Price, Batzorig Bayartsogt, Niamh Meagher, Oyunbaatar Altanbayar, Battur Magvan, Zolzaya Deleg, Anuujin Gantumur, Otgonjargal Byambaa, Enkhgerel Nyamdavaa, Khangai Enkhtugs, Usukhbayar Munkhbayar, Batkhuu Bayanjargal, Tuyajargal Badamsambuu, Myagmartseren Dashtseren, Tsolmontuya Amartuvshin, Zolmunkh Narmandakh, Khongorzul Togoo, Enkh-Amar Boldbaatar, Ariunzaya Bat-Erdene, Usukhbayar Chimeddorj, Khurelbaatar Nyamdavaa, Erdembileg Tsevegmid, Ochbadrakh Batjargal, Oyunsuren Enebish, Gerelmaa Enebish, Batzaya Batchuluun, Gereltsetseg Zulmunkh, Ganbaatar Byambatsogt, Temuulen Enebish, Linh-Vi Le, Isabel Bergeri, Jodie McVernon, and Ryenchindorj Erkhembayar

Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health, Infectious Diseases, Health Policy, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Internal Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Geriatrics and Gerontology
Published
2023

4. SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Mongolia: Results from a national population survey

Author

Khongorzul Togoo, Batzorig Bayartsogt, Bat-Erdene Saindoo, Tuvshinjargal Tseren, Ganbaatar Byambatsogt, Mandukhai Ganbat, Tserendagva Dalkh, Ochbadrakh Batjargal, Mandakhnaran Davaadorj, Battur Magvan, Linh-Vi Le, Gereltsetseg Zulmunkh, Damdindorj Boldbaatar, Bayasgalantai Bavuusuren, Ariunzaya Bat-Erdene, Byambasuren Vanchin, Gerelmaa Enebish, Battogtokh Chimeddorj, Usukhbayar Munkhbayar, Oyunsuren Enebish, Oyu-Erdene Shagdarsuren, Zolmunkh Narmandakh, Batkhuu Bayanjargal, Yerkyebulan Mukhtar, Gregory Greif, Khangai Enkhtugs, Oyunbaatar Altanbayar, Undram Mandakh, Batzaya Batchuluun, Isabel Bergeri, Khurelbaatar Nyamdavaa, Tuyajargal Badamsambuu, Anuujin Gantumur, Davaalkham Dambadarjaa, Zolzaya Deleg, Otgonjargal Byambaa, Ryenchindorj Erkhembayar, Darambazar Gantulga, Avarzed Amgalanbaatar, Enkh-Amar Boldbaatar, Nymadawa Pagbajabyn, Lorenzo Subissi, Otgonbayar Damdinbazar, and Myagmartseren Dashtseren

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Seroprevalence, Herd immunity, Serology, Pandemic, Internal Medicine, Medicine, education, Pandemics, education.field_of_study, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Health Policy, Public health, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Immunity, Obstetrics and Gynecology, COVID-19, Mongolia, Vaccination, Psychiatry and Mental health, Infectious Diseases, Seroepidemiological studies, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Age stratification, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, business, Demography, Research Paper
Abstract

Background With the global spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in early 2020, Mongolia implemented rapid emergency measures and did not report local transmission until November 2020. We conducted a national seroprevalence survey to monitor the burden of SARS-CoV-2 in Mongolia in the months surrounding the first local transmission. Methods During October-December 2020, participants were randomly selected using age stratification and invited for interviews and blood samples at local primary health centres. We screened for total SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, followed by two-step quantitative SARS-CoV-2 IgG serology tests for positive samples. Weighted and test-adjusted seroprevalences were estimated. We used chi-square, Fisher's exact and other tests to identify variables associated with seropositivity. Findings A total of 5000 subjects were enrolled. We detected SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in 72 samples. Crude seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was 1·44% (95%CI,1·21-1·67). Population weighted and test-adjusted seroprevalences were 1·36% (95%CI,1·11-1·63) and 1·45% (95%CI,1·11-1·63), respectively. Age, sex, geographical, and occupational factors were not associated with seropositivity (p>0·05). Symptoms and signs within past 3 months and seropositivity were not associated at the time of the survey (p>0·05). Interpretation SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Mongolia was low in the first year of the pandemic potentially due to strong public health measures, including border restrictions, educational facilities closure, earlier adoption of mask-wearing and others. Our findings suggest large-scale community transmission could not have occurred up to November 2020 in Mongolia. Additional serosurveys are needed to monitor the local pandemic dynamic and estimate how far from herd immunity Mongolia will be following-up with vaccination programme in 2021 and 2022. Funding World Health Organisation, WHO UNITY Studies initiative, with funding by the COVID-19 Solidarity Response Fund and the German Federal Ministry of Health (BMG) COVID-19 Research and development. Translation Cyrillic and Traditional Mongolian translation of abstract is available on appendix section.

Published
2021

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