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The research aimed to describe the development of solar electric cars as a prop in energy conversion learning using the analyze, design, develop, implement, and evaluate (ADDIE) model and to ascertain the effectiveness of an electric car as a prop in energy conversion learning. Utilization of prop in the learning process is one way to support the development of knowledge, skills, and basic needs for delivering material, concepts, and physics information. This research is a descriptive study involving media and pedagogical experts and 40 students of the university in Tasikmalaya. Data collection techniques were carried out through the study of literature, expert validation, and student perception questionnaires. Expert validation and student perception were obtained by using a Likert scale. The expert judgment results were processed using the V value equation developed by Aiken. The results showed a value of 1, meeting the minimum validation requirements. The students also had positive responses to a prop. They have new experience learning in energy conversion and have good media to help their comprehension. It has a significant impact on helping students to achieve their learning goals.

Climate change has felt by all individual now. Its impact is massive change in human daily life across countries. Therefore, it is necessary to assess students, as a youth, climate change perception. This study aimed to analyze the tenth grader students' climate change perception. This study is a quantitative design, with survey method. Using questioners, we were collected 283 high school students in Malang, Indonesia. All students are willing to giving their answer to the questions. Students were asked to rate the items based on the quality and relevance to the type of climate change perception that these items were supposed to assess on a scale from 1 (Terrible) to 5 (Excellent). The five items for each type of climate change perception were selected with 25 item questions in total. Five categories are: 1) reality (Q1-Q5), 2) causes (Q6-Q10), 3) valence of consequences (Q11-Q15), 4) spatial distances (Q16-Q20), 5) temporal distances (Q21-Q25). This study reveals that students have a belief that climate change is real. Some students have used to doing good habits to reduce energy use and have the will to tackle the crisis. Students also believe that climate change was caused by the human activities rather than natural phenomenon. Students have a good understanding of climate change, but there are still many students who have not yet taken their action to tackle climate change. From the result, we briefly argue that student's climate should be integrated in school learning in a form of climate change education to ensuring them taking their climate action in daily life.

This study aims to investigate environmentally responsible and sustainable development of 56 pre-service teachers which relevant to framework of sustainable development goals. The qualitative data were collected and analyzed by summarizing general perspectives. The 9 concepts were found and reported. The ways to sustain environments and education students to reach sustainable development can be done by reduce, reuse, recycle; conserve water; save energy; sustainable transportation; grow trees and keep open areas green; waste management; support eco-friendly products; reduce carbon footprint; and conserve biodiversity. These frameworks and perspectives should be incorporated in education and classroom in action.

This review explores the integration and effects of the Internet of Things (IoT) in education, highlighting its importance in transforming traditional teaching and learning techniques. It examines the early uses and historical growth of IoT, its development, and the turning points in its adoption. It explores IoT platforms, tools, and technologies in education, including wearables, smart devices, augmented and virtual reality, gamification, and collaborative learning. It discusses the role of IoT in improving campus management, including intelligent campuses with IoT-enabled infrastructure, energy-saving technologies, and safety and security improvements. The study discusses data security and privacy issues in IoT installations and the ethical and legal implications of data collection in the classroom. The study also discusses upcoming trends and prospects for IoT usage in education, including AI and machine learning integration. Finally, the review provides insights for educators, decision-makers, and stakeholders, identifying research gaps and recommending areas for future IoT implementation.

Fostering students' critical thinking skills is an urgent issue that requires immediate attention. One viable solution to address this is the implementation of project-oriented problem-based learning (POPBL) through the SR-STEM project. This research aims to describe the implementation, effectiveness, and student perception of the POPBL model through the SR-STEM project in enhancing critical thinking skills in renewable energy materials. The study adopts a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group. The participants are 74 senior high school students in the academic year 2022/2023. Data collection employs observation sheets, written tests, and questionnaires. The data are analyzed descriptively and inferentially and using confirmatory factor analysis. The key findings of the study are as follows: (1) the model demonstrates a high level of feasibility; (2) the learning model effectively improves students' critical thinking skills; and (3) the learning model exhibits a positive correlation with student achievement, perceived control, and affective perception. This research suggests introducing innovative learning approaches to enhance students' critical thinking skills, particularly in renewable energy materials, to promote Education for Sustainable Development. Moreover, it highlights the significance of considering factors that influence the effective implementation of lessons.

Connections among the mathematics, science, and engineering disciplines have been recognized and affirmed in national standards. For example, the application of mathematical ideas and skills within science has been highlighted in national science standards for over 20 years. More recently, the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS; NGSS Lead States, 2013) incorporated computational thinking (Wing, 2006), engineering design, and a K-12 strand of performance expectations in engineering, technology, and applications of science. To ensure opportunities for mathematical development within a science context, a focus on mathematical modeling can be productive (Stohlman, 2018): a process of using mathematics to represent, analyze, and make predictions regarding complex, reality-based phenomena (Garfunkel & Montgomery, 2019). The importance of developing students' capacities for mathematical modeling at every grade level is underrealized, yet it offers noteworthy advantages for deep mathematical learning while also charting a way forward in mathematics and science integration. This article examines how an elementary teacher integrated mathematics and science to engage fourth graders in an authentic inquiry exploring sustainability solutions for their school.

At the time of the current global energy crisis energy awareness education in school is increasingly important. Textbooks directly helping and influencing learning play an important role in this, especially in the case of natural sciences. Thus, the aim of this research was to show how science textbooks help to educate energy awareness (EA). Regarding this, 67 Hungarian science textbooks were analysed using a quantitative textbook analysis from grade 1 to 12. When studying the knowledge on EA, the occurrence of the key concepts related to EA included in the National Core Curriculum (2020) was examined according to content, pedagogical and structural dimensions. According to the results, the most common key concepts were renewable energy, and energy saving, while the least common was the concept of energy crisis. The textbooks studied increasingly communicate key concepts in the form of definitions in the main textbook text at the level of information, moving towards the upper grades, and paying less attention to the attitude-forming elements. There are few tasks that require the application of knowledge about EA, especially those that also develop digital competence. In this form, the textbooks studied are less suited to developing an attitude toward EA, which does not help in making the right decisions in relation to EA.

This research aimed to develop a green school training manual for high school students in Pracharat Wittaya Serm School with an efficiency index at a rate of 80/80. The scores of knowledge, attitudes, and participation of the research participants gauged before and after the training were compared. The simple random sampling method was used to recruit a group of 54 student samples from Pracharat Wittayaserm School in the first semester of the academic year 2021. The research instruments consisted of The Green School Training Manual, The Knowledge Testing Form, The Attitude Testing Form, and The Participation Testing Form. The statistics used in the data analysis were frequency, Percentage, mean, standard deviation, and paired t-test. It was found that the efficiency of the training manual was 80.45/82.60, and the efficiency Index (E.I.) was 0.5840. These statistics indicate that the students had a 58.40 percent of knowledge progression. It was also observed that the average post-test scores of knowledge, skills, and environmental management participation were higher than the pre-tests scores with the significance at the level of 0.05.

A workshop in environmental sustainability was organized to develop the skills and competencies in mitigating climate change, adapting climate risk management, managing waste, adapting sustainable human settlements and using sustainable transport, and developing skills of reducing CO2 emissions, and conserving energy and ecosystem, & educating people. The study aimed to compare current opinion of participants in environmental sustainability. After a short notification in the print medias and websites; students, teachers, and local people expressed their interested and joined in an environmental sustainability workshop organized in the Department of Education, Assam University, Silchar, India. Non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis H test used to assess the mean differences in the opinion of the participants in environmental sustainability. It resulted that the participants who were actively participated have no differences in their opinion in skills and competencies in mitigating climate change, adapting climate risk management, managing waste, adapting sustainable human settlements and using sustainable transport, and developing skills of reducing CO2 emissions, and conserving energy and ecosystem, & educating people.

The learning process through forecasting patent information based on technology can provide the direction in which technology is needed, especially supporting developments into the future. Technology mapping through patent information in the market becomes leverage development of products. Foresight technology in a patent is a tool to predict advanced technology that brings a competitive product to the market needs. This paper discusses patent information that becomes useful for developing technology through emerging market segmentation through a portfolio, innovation, and emerging market based on the WIPO database. This paper used a qualitative method with descriptive analysis and study literature using Innography software to see related information utilization of bioethanol from sorghum plants. This paper aims to obtain information technology from the patent analysis in bioethanol from sorghum plants to develop foresight products. The results show 310 patents registered in WIPO fields from 2006-2021 with dominant IP Class dominate from sectors C and A, also economic value range held by the Republic of Korea. Foresight technology through patent analysis provides information for industry and stakeholders who need the impact of the implementation of the latest technology and the appropriate level of competition in the commercialization of bioethanol products from sorghum plants.

This study aimed at (i) identifying primary school students' attitudes toward environmental issues based on the perspectives of ecocentrism and anthropocentrism and (ii) inspecting students' attitudes (i.e., ecocentric and anthropocentric) toward environmental issues in relation to gender and grade level. Data were gathered from 40 students through the administration of an interview questionnaire along with pictures concerning questions in the questionnaire. Results demonstrated that most of the participants who held positive attitudes reflected anthropocentric attitudes toward water, paper, and electricity consumption, reusing, and playground preferences whereas ecocentric attitudes toward plants, bugs, and other animals. Besides, half and slightly more than half of the participants with positive attitudes expressed ecocentric attitudes toward residence preferences and environmental pollution, respectively while nearly half of the participants with positive attitudes expressed anthropocentric attitudes toward the mentioned issues. It was also found that with the exception of one environmental issue, participants' attitudes toward environmental issues were not significantly associated with their gender. Additionally, no relation was found between participants' environmental attitudes and their grade level.

First-year engineering students are often introduced to the engineering design process through project-based learning situated in a concrete design context. Design contexts like mechanical engineering are commonly used, but students and teachers may need more options. In this article, we show how sustainable building design can serve as an alternative for students of diverse backgrounds and with various interests. The proposed "Net Zero Energy Challenge" is an engineering design project in which students practice the full engineering design cycle to create a virtual house that generates renewable energy on-site, with the goal to achieve net zero energy consumption. Such a design challenge is made possible by "Aladdin," an integrated tool that supports building design, simulation, and analysis within a single package. A pilot study of the "Net Zero Energy Challenge" at a university in Mid-Atlantic United States suggests that around half of the students were able to achieve the design goal.

Energy concepts are taught in many schools, but children rarely have an opportunity to grapple with energy problems and work on their own solutions. This study explores the impacts of Connect Science, a service-learning (SL) program developed to enhance elementary students' energy literacy in the United States. Program impacts were explored within the context of a randomized controlled trial. Teachers in the SL intervention group were provided with professional development, coaching and curricular materials. Each fourth grade class chose an energy problem to address, and designed projects to test out a solution. Teachers in a waitlist control group taught their typical energy unit. Upon completion of the unit, students were asked to write about a problem related to energy production or use and propose a potential solution. Inductive content analysis was used to code 703 student responses (377 from control group and 326 from SL group). The majority of students expressed concerns about wasting or using too much electricity or the use of nonrenewable energy sources. Solutions focused on energy conservation and the use of renewable or clean resources were mentioned most frequently overall. Students in the SL group were significantly more likely to mention environmental impacts of various energy sources and to suggest energy conservation solutions or educating others. Conversely, the control group student responses more often focused on electric circuits or electrical safety. Results from this study suggest the promise of environmental SL programs to advance energy literacy and promote critical thinking about how to address energy problems.

Purpose: This study aims to examine how higher education can mold pro-environmental actions among students with educational social-marketing leads; it probes into the direct influence of four value orientations toward pro-environmental beliefs, norms and behaviors. Design/methodology/approach: This quantitative research sought deductive reasoning. Data gathering took place in January 2023, following a cross-sectional framework. The researcher visited various private universities in Egypt, which used effort to change the practices among students toward sustainable developments, distributing digitally administrated questionnaires to students on campus. Through convenience nonprobability sampling, 581 questionnaires were collected and statistically analyzed, using SPSS. Findings: This study shows that altruistic and biospheric value impact students' personal beliefs toward pro-environmental behaviors; students' personal beliefs significantly impact the norms that are present on campus; the norms found on campus impact significantly students to behave as green passengers, recyclers and utility-savers. Practical implications: Higher education institutions play a significant role in promoting the manifestations of rationality and objectivity among students about environmental challenges and sustainable development. Eco-friendly behaviors are rooted in values; thus, understanding the initial values among students is critical in developing coping strategies and social marketing initiatives that inspire the needed conservational behaviors. Originality/value: By aligning the value-belief-norm theory with two disciplines (higher education on sustainability and social marketing), this study builds upon the theory, identifying the underlying value-structures that inspire students' necessary environmental and sustainable behaviors to improve societies for future generation rightness. This study provides more nuanced insights into a better educational intervention for shaping students' manners toward environmentalism to improve communities worldwide.

Purpose: This study aims to identify and analyze research that promotes sustainable consumption among university students, understand what areas of consumption were addressed, how consumption was intended to become more sustainable and what results were reported. Design/methodology/approach: A systematic literature review was conducted using the Scopus and Web of Science databases and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses methodology. Main criteria for inclusion were focus on changing the consumption behavior of university students, not just diagnosing them, and that students were directly involved in the efforts. Findings: A total of 1,619 articles were extracted, and 34 were included in the study. These selected investigations conducted between 2012 and 2022 focused on areas of consumption such as food, plastic waste, fashion, energy and water. Sustainable consumption was promoted through training programs ranging from one-hour seminars to full-semester courses, marketing and communication campaigns and direct experimentation and interventions. Most articles reported positive results. Research limitations/implications: This study is limited to research carried out to reduce current consumption by university students; it does not include research aimed at improving students' professional skills for promoting sustainable consumption. Practical implications: This study compiles previous research on reducing consumption by university students in a structured manner according to the consumption area, applied strategy and the results obtained. Originality/value: This research is unique and will serve as a source of inspiration and consultation for academics and university managers concerned about human consumption. It presents successful projects and strategies that can be implemented in their own universities to make their students' consumption more sustainable.

Capital and property have been combined since Karl Marx wrote "Das Kapital" in 1867. Indeed, capitalism and the housing market are interlinked because property is an asset whose indexed value upholds global markets. On the other side of property as real estate is the environmental damage and augmentation of climate change that housing represents - mostly in advanced, technological societies. This paper attends to capital investment in housing as the Capitalocene and subsequently through environmental education according to environmental and social principles (social ecology). This article examines what is offered in the Australian curriculum for pre-tertiary and university students in terms of sustainable housing and uses the latest in sustainable housing research and practice to provide a new, visionary basis for environmental education, that tackles housing through 3D printing. The current Australian curriculum on sustainable housing centers on the "Illawarra Flame" house (University of Wollongong), that presents a retrofitting solution to improve the quality of life of the occupants. Illawarra Flame house is a net-zero, energy-efficient, solar powered house which provides the tenants with thermal comfort. This article expands and updates the data on sustainable housing from the 'Illawarra Flame' house to 3D printing and applies the principles of social ecology to make a link with environmental education that deals with the Capitalocene by offering affordable and sustainable housing.

It is now widely understood that societies must rapidly decarbonize to avoid the worst impacts of future climate change. To contribute to this urgent effort, academic libraries should develop an understanding of the carbon footprint resulting from their activities. This article shares the results of an effort at the Penn State University Libraries to calculate the greenhouse gas emissions generated in one year. It will define the elements of a greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory, explain the context and process for undertaking this effort at Penn State, share findings, and discuss potential implications for academic libraries.

We use new survey data from 1,203 households in rural Eastern India to estimate cross-sectional models of overall energy use and embedded emissions. Findings indicate that the primary driver of household energy use is household size and affluence. This is unsurprising and consistent with findings from the engineering literature on energy demand. However, there is also a substantial and significant moderating influence of skills on energy use. For emissions, we observe a bifurcated relationship in line with educational attainment. For those that have completed secondary education or more, skills are negatively associated with energy use and emissions, whereas for those with lesser qualifications more skills are associated with more energy use and emissions. The results are consistent with the environmental Kuznets curve, which implies that a critical level of affluence is required before environmental impacts start lessening. The results also echo a sociological critique of human capital theory - that individual abilities are not productive in and of themselves, but rather in relation to socially determined opportunity structures. Our findings show that this could also hold for greenhouse gas emissions.

Purpose: The built environment is responsible for approximately 40% of the world's energy consumption, 30% of raw material use, 25% of solid waste, 25% of water use, 12% of land use and 33% of greenhouse gas emissions. Thus, environmental improvement and decarbonization are becoming increasingly critical objectives for the construction industry. Sustainable construction can be achieved through several practices, including: considering life-cycle assessment, circular construction, resource efficiency and waste management and providing eco-efficient materials, reducing energy demands and consumption and incorporating low-carbon technologies and renewable energy sources. To achieve sustainable construction goals, it is critical to educate the future workforce about decarbonization, circular construction and how to overcome the challenges involved in transitioning to sustainable construction. This study aims to understand the gap in student knowledge related to decarbonization and circular construction and the importance of incorporating these topics in civil engineering and construction management curricula. Design/methodology/approach: This study surveyed 120 undergraduate and graduate students at one of the largest minority-serving institutions in the USA to understand the gap in student knowledge related to decarbonization and circular construction as well as the importance of incorporating these topics in civil engineering and construction management curricula. The authors conducted several statistical measures to assess the consistency, reliability and adequacy of the sample size, including the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy, the normality test to evaluate the appropriateness of using an ordered probit regression analysis and a multicollinearity test to observe the correlation between independent variables. The data was analyzed using ordered probit regression analysis to investigate the need for a curriculum that serves in educating students about decarbonization and circular construction. Findings: The results of this research highlight the gaps in students' knowledge pertaining to sustainable practices and the importance of providing future construction workforce with such knowledge to tackle global inevitable challenges. Originality/value: The findings of this study contribute to sustainable construction bodies of knowledge by advocating for a reformed curriculum to prepare the future workforce and adopt less carbonized, more circular approaches within the engineering and construction industry.

Purpose: This paper aims to present insights on the governance of sustainability transitions in higher education in Africa. The authors interrogate the research literatures on the governance of socio-technical transitions in water, electricity, transport and waste management, and identify barriers and enabling factors that enhance transformative practices in universities. Design/methodology/approach: The analytical framework proposed in this paper combines the elements of governance network theory (GNT) and transition topology. The framework of this study is grounded in an actor-centric approach using GNT to understand networks conducive to sustainability transitions. Events and governance networks were mapped on a transition topology to visualise organisational and institutional changes over time. The study engaged students, management, academic and administrative staff in building a community of practice towards sustainability. This research is based on qualitative content analysis grounded in interview data, focus group discussions, workshops, webinars and secondary data analysis. Findings: The findings show that the university has consolidated a sustainability vision and targets, but several factors prevent the community from achieving these targets, including hierarchical decision-making processes, a multitude of disjointed committees and fragmentation in the campus community. Originality/value: This research adds to an emerging body of literature in the field of sustainability in higher education with two contributions. Firstly, the study presents a novel perspective(s) on the governance of sustainability transitions by combining the literatures on governance and sustainability transitions using a new methodological approach of transition topology to show organisational and institutional changes. Secondly, the study presents new empirical evidence for improving the governance of sustainability transitions in a diverse and highly unequal African university community in the process of (de)colonisation of knowledge and governance.

Many students do not experience usefulness in mathematics. To address this problem, we offered them a mathematical tool, Sankey diagrams, which is a flow chart appearing in news media to visualize social, industrial or environmental processes. We carried out an Educational Design Research (EDR) to develop and evaluate lesson materials about contextualized Sankey diagrams. We tested these materials with a class of grade 8 students and evaluated these on the feasibility of students' appropriation of the diagrams. In the lesson, we observed how students were able to read the Sankey diagrams, liked the societal processes visualized, yet did not fully grasp their mathematical properties. However, weeks later, the same students skillfully used Sankey diagrams in an unrelated project, which showed they needed time for their learning. Our contributions are that (1) grade 8 students can appropriate Sankey diagrams and use these in situations relevant to them, (2) design researchers should consider long-term learning effects beyond the experimental phase in EDR. We recommend educational designers to innovate curricula and introduce diagrams from news media to make students experience usefulness in school content.

Through a combination of internal and external collaborations, consumer-based energy education designed for hard-to-reach audiences was successfully delivered statewide by an interdisciplinary Extension team. Program participants representing rural residents, senior citizens, and low-income audiences demonstrated improvements in knowledge and increased intention to change their home electricity usage behaviors. This outreach work can serve as a model for other Extension services to combine interdisciplinary teams with community partnerships to reach underserved audiences statewide.

The objective of this study is to run a pilot test on the application of Open Science Schooling (OSS) methodology in projects with secondary-school students to know the impact it can have on their learning and their perception of it in addition to know how to develop teaching practice. As a study sample, we have selected a series of countries that are participating in an Erasmus+ project; to ensure a more exhaustive study, we are working with one of the participating schools located in Catalonia, near to our research group. In our study, we will consider the application of the Open Science Schooling methods in several secondary-school projects with the goal of comparing them and evaluating the method's versatility. We used questionnaires designed specifically for this project. The goal of OSS is to encourage schools to promote community well-being in cooperation with other stakeholders. It is very important the interplay of local, regional and global contexts and dynamics in shaping education and development. In one of the secondary schools students study the key role forests play in the fight against climate change, and the relationship of this natural resource with several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

This research aimed to describe the development of scientific literacy of students in Indonesia at the Adiwiyata school. The design of this research was qualitative. The data were gathered through observation, an interview and documentation. The subjects were selected through snowball sampling. Data analysis was carried out by referring to the analytical model proposed by Miles and Huberman with the steps of reducing data, displaying data, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the development of scientific literacy in Adiwiyata schools, as described, is carried out by involving various aspects, both the use of facilities and infrastructure as learning media, the academic culture of the Adiwiyata schools being socialized, the use of open-ended questions by teachers in answering questions to stimulate students to find answers with steps scientific knowledge, as well as the determination of rewards and punishments that are carried out consistently for children who are disciplined in following and implementing the school's academic culture and vice versa. The methods used have the same goal, namely, to train students to develop basic science skills starting from investigation, hypothesis testing, to obtaining conclusions based on the data found, so that students' scientific literacy appears.

Energy literacy is high on the agenda in the education sector, including in the contexts of primary and middle schools. It has the purpose of building awareness of wise energy use. A systematic review of various energy literacy studies in the period 2010-2021 was conducted to explore study trend, research methods, and adapted energy literacy programs. Data were sourced from Taylor & Francis and ERIC databases. Using the PRISMA search method, 26 relevant articles were obtained out of 152 articles. The search results were analyzed using the NVivo application for description. The synthesized result is that energy literacy programs were carried out in a comprehensive, integrated manner in instructions at schools, at home, and within communities, involving all stakeholders. The programs were able to inspire a change in behavior toward energy saving through habituation in learning activities. Educational institutions are expected to develop awareness of environmental sustainability. It is recommended that future research develop energy literacy programs based on cultural and religious values--given that these values bear relevance to the lives of the learners--in instructions at schools, at home, and within communities.

An online survey was administered to all educators and specialists within the University of Maryland Extension to assess client-driven opportunities and priorities for energy-related programming, while in-service training evaluations were used to further assess programmatic needs. Results indicate the need for information related to energy conservation and clean energy technology for agricultural and residential clientele. Primary barriers were perceived as the insufficient understanding and high costs associated with clean energy, while experiential participation and firsthand observation were reported as preferred learning methods. These results provide an understanding of how energy-related programming can expand the role and relevancy of Extension.

Sustainable development is development that aims to improve the quality of life for all people around the world, both current and future generations. The focus and alignment of researchers on the theme of sustainable development is highly expected, as evidenced by publications in reputable journals, included in educational journals such as Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education (EJMSTE). The purpose of this Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was to review and compare investigations of researches on articles published by EJMSTE so that they are expected to have significant contributions to the topic of sustainable development. This SLR adopts five-step guidelines. The study standards that meet the requirements are, as follows: (i) the data used are from the 2005-2021 publication year; (ii) articles published in English; (iii) full paper can be accessed; and (iv) related to the theme of "sustainable" theme; and (v) only the type of research report articles. It can be concluded that EJMSTE is a pro-sustainable development journal. EJMSTE publishes 22 articles related to the theme of "sustainable". The most frequently used keywords are sustainable development and sustainability. Dominant authors were from Taiwan and China. We succeeded in formulating four important contributions made by articles published in EJMSTE related to sustainable themes, namely: (i) the urgency of science education in supporting sustainability, ESD, and SDGs funds; (ii) the need for curriculum reform and strengthening the competence of teachers in educational institutions, which are oriented towards sustainability and environmental literacy; (iii) the urgency of using technology that supports sustainability and ESD; and (iv) the urgency of energy efficiency, green marketing, green life cycle, and sustainable tourism to support sustainability. In addition, there are 22 useful educational resources that can be used as references/best practices, which can be implemented at the primary school to higher education levels.

This paper outlines the result of an innovative program to develop a competency-based curriculum and a work process to engage students in energy assessment of small commercial buildings in their community. Throughout the resulting course, "Leadership in Building Energy Efficiency (LBEE)," students were trained to gather buildings' energy-related data and make recommendations for potential courses of action. The program facilitated energy assessment for 45 commercial buildings and supported the development of a retrofit plan with financing in place for nearly 30 of these projects. The purpose of this collaborative program was to advance building energy efficiency through the introduction of new methods and processes leading to financially viable energy retrofits of small commercial buildings. The program focused on assisting small restaurants, grocery stores and other food sales/services that are low-profit- margin and usually lack the ability to manage and finance energy efficiency improvements. As a result of this program, students got engaged in making long-term improvements in their communities. Additionally, they gained the real-world skills necessary to develop and execute energy retrofit projects for other customer segments as part of their careers. The program is broadening and scaling up to include other building use types and aims to be part of the development pipeline for energy retrofit projects in a way that develops students' capabilities, increases the knowledge of building owners and operators, and reduces the development costs of energy service firms and third-party financers.

In recent decades, environmental problems have rapidly worsened to become a planetary crisis, and mounting scientific evidence supports that this crisis is anthropogenic. With the growing concern over the anthropogenic ecological crisis, there has been more attention to the factors influencing people's pro-environmental attitudes. However, limited research on the adolescent population exists, and country-level factors were rarely explored with mixed findings. This study examines whether and how three country-level factors of national consumption, national average environmental knowledge, and national income level significantly impact students' environmental attitudes, using multilevel modeling methods. The analysis results show that adolescents' environmental attitudes are negatively related to the national consumption and environmental knowledge level after controlling for important individual-level factors while having no significant relationship with the national income level. This study concludes with a discussion on the future direction of environmental education and studies.

Increasing the scientific knowledge of the population through education is a development strategy towards a sustainable future. However, there is no equity in the access to science education and scientific knowledge. The aim of this paper is to present and analyse a science kit named "Energy, Environment and Sustainability" (KEAS). Based on research conducted in Guinea-Bissau, it explores strategies to promote science education for a sustainable future. The strengths and limitations of the KEAS were studied using different data collection methods, including interviews, observation, survey, focus groups and document analysis. The participants were teacher trainers from the Guinea-Bissau School of Education. It is concluded that the KEAS is a feasible and suitable teaching strategy appropriate to the context, having the potential to contribute to learning about the environment and sustainability. Further, it addresses real problems for which students should acquire knowledge and skills in order to be able to make informed choices.

A significant amount of energy in the form of heat is lost in industrial processes once it is used in specific processes. Among different technologies, high-temperature heat pumps (HTHP) are a valuable method of recovering low-temperature waste heat in the industry in a very efficient way that can be activated using clean electricity. As a recently investigated technology, they are not yet spread in industrial processes, where traditional technologies are preferred. Therefore, this work shows an HTHP computer program (named HeatPack) to be used as a simulator by the university or technical students of courses included in applied thermodynamics engineering. This interactive and user-friendly platform allows the modification of different operating and design parameters and the working fluid. As outputs, the program provides the rest of the operating parameters and the energy performance of the cycle (quantified by the coefficient of performance, COP). The proposed HTHP and a gas boiler are compared by the program and the energetic, carbon footprint, and economic savings are displayed. Students, as the main target of users of the program, can observe how this technology can provide benefits. For instance, emission reductions in comparison with fossil fuel-based boilers, under which situation the energy performance of the HTHP is higher, and which alternative low global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants can provide more advantages. In addition to the educational use, this software can be used to design and study the integration of HTHPs in existing industrial needs to evaluate the feasibility.

The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of the conventional high school instruction about conservation of mechanical energy in Canton Sarajevo. To that end we tested 441 high school students from six different schools in Sarajevo (Bosnia and Herzegovina) for their competence to apply the law of conservation of mechanical energy. Concretely, students were expected to solve 5 open-ended tasks that covered conceptually different situations. In each task we asked a set of sub-questions to check whether the students possess all the prerequisite sub-competencies for systematic reasoning about conservation of mechanical energy. In addition, we investigated how students' ideas about conservation of mechanical energy were affected by the choice of the physical system, as well as by the choice of the observed time interval. Data analysis was performed on the level of individual tasks. The students' written answers were analyzed and the frequencies of most prominent student responses were reported. Generally, it has been shown that most high school students from Sarajevo fail to identify and distinguish internal, external, conservative and non-conservative forces. Also, many students think that applicability of the conservation law does not depend on the chosen physical system and its evolution over time. We could conclude that high school students' use of the conservation law is mostly based on remembering similar problem solving experiences, rather than on relevant strategic knowledge.

Today, the decrease of bonds established with nature due to the use of technology, the increase in urbanization and the change of daily routines might affect people's attitudes and behaviours towards environment negatively. Considering that attitudes are one of the most important factors affecting behaviours, in the current study, it is aimed to reveal students' environmental behaviours and whether the attitudes that underlie these behaviours are ecocentric or anthropocentric. In the context of basic qualitative design, twelve questions related to environmental behaviours were asked to middle school students and in addition, students were required to explain the reasons of their behaviours. The findings revealed that middle school students had ecocentric and both ecocentric and anthropocentric attitudes for the questions related to sensitive behaviour and attentive behaviour. However it was seen that students showed anthropocentric attitudes for the questions related to energy/product saving and for the questions about sorting out the garbage, throwing the garbage into the recycling bin and using products having recyclable materials in their packaging. Therefore it is recommended to organize environmental education that supports students' environmental attitudes when the issue have an economic dimension and that encourage them for recycling applications.

Previous analyses of German geography textbooks confirm tendencies towards the moralization of sustainability-related content. Against this background, this study examines moralizations and normative implications of recurring sustainability narratives in German textbooks for secondary schools. From the sample of 15 current middle school textbooks from Thuringia and North Rhine-Westphalia, energy-related double pages (n = 106) were analyzed in terms of their surface and depth structures. The analysis focuses on the thematic and spatial references and the dimensions of sustainability, as well as on education for sustainable development (ESD 1 and ESD 2) and the transported narratives. The article concludes with the formulation of certain recommendations for action, to deal with energy-related topics in the sense of an emancipatory ESD 2, in both critical geography lessons and the design of educational media.

Conventional teaching about the law of conservation of mechanical energy (LCME) often results with students trying to solve problems by remembering similar problems they already covered in classes. Consequently, many students fail to transfer their knowledge to simplest real-life problems. Therefore, a pre-test-post-test quasi-experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of an alternative, system-based approach to teaching about LCME. The study included 70 upper-secondary students from the First Bosniak Gymnasium Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Firstly, all students learned about energy in a conventional way. Then they wrote a test on LCME and had three additional hours of teaching about this topic, where one group of students learned in line with the forces-variant of the system approach (e.g., discussing conservative and non-conservative forces) and the other group with the process-variant of the same approach (e.g., discussing system's states and processes like in thermodynamics). For both variants, only three hours of system-based teaching proved to substantially improve the students' level of LCME understanding compared to the level of understanding they had after conventional teaching. It follows that the system approach may work well at the upper-secondary level, if it is introduced through the scaffolding-and-fading technique.

This study investigated factors that might influence teachers' intention to choose Renewable Energy Sources as an optional module. The research involved 454 Greek teachers working in the archipelagos of the southern Aegean region in Greece, an area with significant potential for the development of Renewable Energy Sources (RES). This potential however remains largely unexploited partly due to local community reluctance towards RES development in the area. Although renewable energy education is considered to be necessary for further RES development, RES are not among teachers' first choice as an environmental module. We found that, despite teachers demonstrating highly positive attitudes towards RES, they consider local communities to be rather non-supportive of local RES development. A relationship between teachers' moderate intention to teach RES and teachers' perceptions of locals as non-supportive towards RES was found. We also found that local teachers feel more competent to teach about RES than non-local teachers. The latter are more motivated to comply with social pressure than locals. These findings emphasize the need for renewable energy education policy makers to take into account local communities' role in influencing the teaching of RES and to provide teachers with the appropriate skills in order to competently handle potential oppositions.

In this study, applications based on socioscientific subject-oriented science, technology, society and environmental education were carried out. The aim of the study is to determine the views of pre-service science teachers, who are engaged with the applications, about science, technology and society and to determine whether these views are sufficient. 83 pre-service science teachers participated in the study. In order to evaluate the pre-service teachers' views on science, technology and society, the "Views on Science, Technology and Society Questionnaire (VOSTS)" was used, which was developed by Aikenhead, Ryan and Fleming (1989). According to the VOSTS pre-test results, it was observed that there was diversity in the views of the pre-service teachers in subjects such as the definitions of science and technology, the impact of society on science, and the classification of scientific knowledge. It is among the findings that pre-service teachers have many misconceptions about these issues. The unsatisfactory views of the pre-service teachers, who produced solutions to problem situations consisting of socioscientific issues and finalized their suggestions, of the pre-service teachers about science, technology and society, were replaced by more realistic and acceptable views after the applications.

In the research it was aimed to explore the attitudes and metaphorical perceptions of science, primary school and elementary school mathematics pre-service teachers towards renewable energy resources. The sample of the study consisted of 140 pre-service teachers' studying in the Science Education, Classroom Education and Elementary School Mathematics Education departments of the Faculty of Education of a state university in the 2020-2021 academic year. The attitudes of pre-service teachers towards renewable energy resources were determined by scanning method, which is one of the quantitative research methods. In the research, the Attitude Scale towards Renewable Energy Resources and the metaphor collection form were used as data collection tools. As a result of the research, it was determined that pre-service teachers' attitudes towards renewable energy resources were generally positive and they aimed to educate students who were sensitive to the subject of renewable energy resources. When the 112 metaphors produced by pre-service teachers for renewable energy resources are examined under 3 categories and 10 code titles, it was determined that they expressed the first place is the metaphor of "water", second place is the metaphor of "life", in the third place the metaphors of "child", "oxygen" and "eternity".