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2. Wildfire smoke triggers cirrus formation: Lidar observations over the Eastern Mediterranean (Cyprus)

Author

Mamouri, Rodanthi-Elisavet, primary, Ansmann, Albert, additional, Ohneiser, Kevin, additional, Knopf, Daniel A., additional, Nisantzi, Argyro, additional, Bühl, Johannes, additional, Engelmann, Ronny, additional, Skupin, Annett, additional, Seifert, Patric, additional, Baars, Holger, additional, Ene, Dragos, additional, Wandinger, Ulla, additional, and Hadjimitsis, Diofantos, additional

Published
2023
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3. Convective indices trends in Cyprus

Author

Ene, Dragos, primary, Mamouri, Rodanthi-Elisavet, additional, Nisantzi, Argyro, additional, Michaelides, Silas, additional, Hadjimitsis, Diofantos, additional, Antonescu, Bogdan, additional, and Seifert, Patric, additional

Published
2023
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4. Wildfire smoke triggers cirrus formation: lidar observations over the eastern Mediterranean.

Author

Mamouri, Rodanthi-Elisavet, Ansmann, Albert, Ohneiser, Kevin, Knopf, Daniel A., Nisantzi, Argyro, Bühl, Johannes, Engelmann, Ronny, Skupin, Annett, Seifert, Patric, Baars, Holger, Ene, Dragos, Wandinger, Ulla, and Hadjimitsis, Diofantos

Subjects
ATMOSPHERIC nucleation, WILDFIRES, ICE crystals, SMOKE, LIDAR, GRAVITY waves, WILDFIRE prevention, HUMIDITY, TROPOPAUSE
Abstract

The number of intense wildfires may increase further in upcoming years as a consequence of climate change. It is therefore necessary to improve our knowledge about the role of smoke in the climate system, with emphasis on the impact of smoke particles on the evolution of clouds, precipitation, and cloud radiative properties. Presently, one key aspect of research is whether or not wildfire smoke particles can initiate cirrus formation. In this study, we present lidar observations over Limassol, Cyprus, from 27 October to 3 November 2020, when extended wildfire smoke fields crossed the Mediterranean Basin from Portugal to Cyprus. We found strong evidence that aged smoke (organic aerosol particles) originating from wildfires in North America triggered significant ice nucleation at temperatures from -47 to -53 ∘ C and caused the formation of extended cirrus layers. The observations suggest that the ice crystals were nucleated just below the tropopause in the presence of smoke particles serving as ice-nucleating particles (INPs). The main part of the 2–3 km thick smoke layer was, however, in the lower stratosphere just above the tropopause. With actual radiosonde observations of temperature and relative humidity and lidar-derived smoke particle surface area concentrations used as starting values, gravity wave simulations show that the lofting of air by 100–200 m is sufficient to initiate significant ice nucleation on the smoke particles, leading to ice crystal number concentrations of 1–100 L -1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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7. Synergetic Observations by Ground-Based and Space Lidar Systems and Aeronet Sun-Radiometers: A Step to Advanced Regional Monitoring of Large Scale Aerosol Changes

Author

Chaikovsky Anatoli, Bril Andrey, Dubovik Oleg, Fedarenka Anton, Goloub Philippe, Hu Qiaoyun, Lopatin Anton, Lapyonok Tatyana, Miatselskaya Natallia, Torres Benjamin, Fuertes David, Peshcharankou Vladislau, Podvin Thierry, Popovici Ioana, Liu Dong, Li Zhengqiang, Soupiona Ourania, Mylonaki Maria, Mona Lucia, Giunta Aldo, Papagiannopoulos Nikolaos, Perrone Maria Rita, Romano Salvatore, Balis Dimitris, Siomos Nikolaos, Voudouri Kalliopi-Artemis, Belegante Livio, Nicolae Doina, Ene Dragos, Ajtai Nicolae, Stefanie Horatiu, Amiridis Vassilis, Tsekeri Alexandra, Bortoli Daniele, Costa Maria Joao, Mattis Ina, Rocadenbosch Francesc, Rodríguez-Gomez Alejandro, Sicard Michael, Fernandez Alfonso J., Molero Francisco, Althausen Dietrich, Baars Holger, Rascado Juan Luis Guerrero, Ortiz-Amezcua Pablo, Oltra José Antonio Benavent, Bedoya-Velásquez Andrés Esteban, Román Roberto, Alados-Arboledas Lucas, Balin Yurii, Kokhanenko Grigorii, Penner Ivan, Chen Boris, Sverdlik Leonid, Milinevsky Genadi, Sugimoto Nobuo, Shimizu Atsushi, Nishizawa Tomoaki, Kudo Rei, Sano Itaru, Yasunari Teppei J., Irie Hitoshi, Takemura Toshihiko, Kim Sang-Woo, Anh Nguyen Xuan, Thanh Pham Xuan, Pietruczuk Aleksander, Stachlewska Iwona S., Sannino Alessia, Wang Xuan, and Boselli Antonela

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The paper presents the preliminary results of the lidar&radiometer measurement campaign (LRMC-2017), estimation of statistical relations between aerosol mode concentrations retrieved from CALIOP and ground-based lidar stations and case study of fire smoke events in the Eurasian regions using combined ground-based and space lidar and radiometer observations.

Published
2020
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9. Improved calibration procedures for the EM27/SUN spectrometers of the COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network (COCCON)

Author

Alberti, Carlos, Hase, Frank, Frey, Matthias, Dubravica, Darko, Blumenstock, Thomas, Dehn, Angelika, Castracane, Paolo, Surawicz, Gregor, Harig, Roland, Baier, Bianca, Bès, Caroline, Bi, Jianrong, Boesch, Hartmut, Butz, André, Cai, Zhaonan, Chen, Jia, Crowell, Sean, Deutscher, Nicholas, Ene, Dragos, Franklin, Jonathan, García, Omaira, Griffith, David, Grouiez, Bruno, Grutter, Michel, Hamdouni, Abdelhamid, Houweling, Sander, Humpage, Neil, Jacobs, Nicole, Jeong, Sujong, Joly, Lilian, Jones, Nicholas, Jouglet, Denis, Kivi, Rigel, Kleinschek, Ralph, Lopez, Morgan, Medeiros, Diogo, Morino, Isamu, Mostafavipak, Nasrin, Müller, Astrid, Ohyama, Hirofumi, Palmer, Paul, Pathakoti, Mahesh, Pollard, David, Raffalski, Uwe, Ramonet, Michel, Ramsay, Robbie, Sha, Mahesh Kumar, Shiomi, Kei, Simpson, William, Stremme, Wolfgang, Sun, Youwen, Tanimoto, Hiroshi, Té, Yao, Tsidu, Gizaw Mengistu, Velazco, Voltaire, Vogel, Felix, Watanabe, Masataka, Wei, Chong, Wunch, Debra, Yamasoe, Marcia, Zhang, Lu, Orphal, Johannes, Sha, Mahesh, Tsidu, Gizaw, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ICOS-RAMCES (ICOS-RAMCES), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères = Laboratory for Studies of Radiation and Matter in Astrophysics and Atmospheres (LERMA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment
Abstract

International audience; Abstract. In this study, an extension on the previously reported status of the COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network's (COCCON) calibration procedures incorporating refined methods is presented. COCCON is a global network of portable Bruker EM27/SUN FTIR spectrometers for deriving column-averaged atmospheric abundances of greenhouse gases. The original laboratory open-path lamp measurements for deriving the instrumental line shape (ILS) of the spectrometer from water vapour lines have been refined and extended to the secondary detector channel incorporated in the EM27/SUN spectrometer for detection of carbon monoxide (CO). The refinements encompass improved spectroscopic line lists for the relevant water lines and a revision of the laboratory pressure measurements used for the analysis of the spectra. The new results are found to be in good agreement with those reported by Frey et al. (2019) and discussed in detail. In addition, a new calibration cell for ILS measurements was designed, constructed and put into service. Spectrometers calibrated since January 2020 were tested using both methods for ILS characterization, open-path (OP) and cell measurements. We demonstrate that both methods can detect the small variations in ILS characteristics between different spectrometers, but the results of the cell method indicate a systematic bias of the OP method. Finally, a revision and extension of the COCCON network instrument-to-instrument calibration factors for XCO2, XCO and XCH4 is presented, incorporating 47 new spectrometers (of 83 in total by now). This calibration is based on the reference EM27/SUN spectrometer operated by the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) and spectra collected by the collocated TCCON station Karlsruhe. Variations in the instrumental characteristics of the reference EM27/SUN from 2014 to 2017 were detected, probably arising from realignment and the dual-channel upgrade performed in early 2018. These variations are considered in the evaluation of the instrument-specific calibration factors in order to keep all tabulated calibration results consistent.

Published
2022

10. Wildfire smoke triggers cirrus formation: Lidar observations over the Eastern Mediterranean (Cyprus).

Author

Mamouri, Rodanthi-Elisavet, Ansmann, Albert, Ohneiser, Kevin, Knopf, Daniel A., Nisantzi, Argyro, Bühl, Johannes, Engelmann, Ronny, Skupin, Annett, Seifert, Patric, Baars, Holger, Ene, Dragos, Wandinger, Ulla, and Hadjimitsis, Diofantos

Subjects
ICE nuclei, ATMOSPHERIC nucleation, ICE crystals, LIDAR, WILDFIRES, GRAVITY waves, SMOKE, WILDFIRE prevention, HUMIDITY
Abstract

The number of intense wildfires may increase in the upcoming years as a consequence of climate change. Changing aerosol conditions may lead to changes in regional and global cloud and precipitation pattern. One key aspect of research is presently whether or not wildfire smoke particles can initiate ice nucleation. We found strong evidence that aged smoke particles (dominated by organic aerosol particles) originating from wildfires in North America triggered significant ice nucleation at temperatures from −47 to −53 °C and caused the formation of extended cirrus layers. Our study is based on lidar observations over Limassol, Cyprus, from 27 October to 3 November 2020 when extended wildfire smoke fields crossed the Mediterranean Basin from Portugal to Cyprus. The observations suggest that the ice crystals were nucleated just below the tropopause in the presence of smoke particles serving as ice-nucleating particles (INPs). The main part of the 2–3 km thick smoke layer was, however, in the lower stratosphere just above the tropopause. With actual radiosonde observations of temperature and relative humidity and lidar-derived smoke particle surface area concentrations as starting values, gravity wave simulations show that lofting by 90–180 m is sufficient to initiate significant ice nucleation on the smoke particles, expressed in ice crystal number concentrations of 1–100 L−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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13. Ground based and airborne atmospheric measurements near bucharest

Author

Nemuc Anca, Boscornea Andreea, Belegante Livio, Vasilescu Jeni, Vajaiac Sorin, Ene Dragos, Marmureanu Luminita, and Andrei Simona

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

This paper presents the results from a coordinated approach for atmospheric investigation, exploring synergies between different techniques. A wide range of instruments have been used during an intensive measurement period both from ground (lidar, sunphotometer, aethalometer and Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor) and airborne (aerodynamic particle sizer, the Picarro gas analyzer and the NO2 CAPS analyzer) in 2016 over Magurele, 6 km South West of Bucharest.

Published
2018
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14. The analysis of a complex fire event using multispaceborne observations

Author

Andrei Simona, Carstea Emil, Marmureanu Luminita, Ene Dragos, Binietoglou Ioannis, Nicolae Doina, Konsta Dimitra, Amiridis Vassilis, and Proestakis Emmanouil

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

This study documents a complex fire event that occurred on October 2016, in Middle East belligerent area. Two fire outbreaks were detected by different spacecraft monitoring instruments on board of TERRA, CALIPSO and AURA Earth Observation missions. Link with local weather conditions was examined using ERA Interim Reanalysis and CAMS datasets. The detection of the event by multiple sensors enabled a detailed characterization of fires and the comparison with different observational data.

Published
2018
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15. Biomass burning aerosols characterization from ground based and profiling measurements

Author

Marin Cristina, Vasilescu Jeni, Marmureanu Luminita, Ene Dragos, Preda Liliana, and Mihailescu Mona

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The study goal is to assess the chemical and optical properties of aerosols present in the lofted layers and at the ground. The biomass burning aerosols were evaluated in low level layers from multi-wavelength lidar measurements, while chemical composition at ground was assessed using an Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM) and an Aethalometer. Classification of aerosol type and specific organic markers were used to explore the potential to sense the particles from the same origin at ground base and on profiles.

Published
2018
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16. Geometrical and Microphysical Properties of Clouds Formed in the Presence of Dust above the Eastern Mediterranean

Author

Marinou, Eleni, primary, Voudouri, Kalliopi Artemis, additional, Tsikoudi, Ioanna, additional, Drakaki, Eleni, additional, Tsekeri, Alexandra, additional, Rosoldi, Marco, additional, Ene, Dragos, additional, Baars, Holger, additional, O’Connor, Ewan, additional, Amiridis, Vassilis, additional, and Meleti, Charikleia, additional

Published
2021
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18. The ASKOS experiment for the validation of Aeolus L2A aerosol product

Author

Marinou, Eleni, Amiridis, Vasslis, Mavropoulou, Ioanna, Baars, Holger, Kazadzis, Stelios, Rosoldi, Marco, Ene, Dragos, Barreto, Africa, Casadio, Stefano, Zenk, Cordula, Sciare, Jean, Mocnik, Grisa, Kandler, Konrad, Stuut, Jan-Berend, Rodrigez, Sergio, Knippertz, Peter, Rutz, Thomas, Komppula, Mika, Daskalopoulou, Vassiliki, Hloupis, George, and ASKOS Team

Subjects
Earth sciences, ddc:550
Published
2021

20. An assessment of solar irradiance enhancement events during CyCARE campaign at Limassol, Cyprus

Author

Christofe, Andreas, Michaelides, Silas C., Hadjimitsis, Diofantos G., Danezis, Chris, Themistocleous, Kyriacos, Kyriakides, Nicholas, Schreier, Gunter, Fragkos, Konstantinos, Fountoulakis, Ilias, Charalampous, Georgia, Papachristopoulou, Kyriakoula, Mamouri, Rodanthi-Elisavet, Ene, Dragos, Nisantzi, Argyro, Ansmann, Albert, Seifert, Patric, Hadjimitsis, Diofantos, and Kazadzis, Stelios

Published
2024
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22. The Role of Biomaterials in Upper Digestive Tract Transoral Reconstruction

Author

Grigore, Raluca, primary, Popescu, Bogdan, additional, Bertesteanu, Serban Vifor Gabriel, additional, Nichita, Cornelia, additional, Oasa, Irina Doinita, additional, Munteanu, Gloria Simona, additional, Nicolaescu, Alexandru, additional, Bejenaru, Paula Luiza, additional, Simion Antonie, Catrinel Beatrice, additional, Ene, Dragos, additional, and Ene, Razvan, additional

Published
2020
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27. Building the COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network (COCCON): long-term stability and ensemble performance of the EM27/SUN Fourier transform spectrometer

Author

Frey, Matthias, Sha, Mahesh, Hase, Frank, Kiel, Matthäus, Blumenstock, Thomas, Harig, Roland, Surawicz, Gregor, Deutscher, Nicholas, Shiomi, Kei, Franklin, Jonathan, Bösch, Hartmut, Chen, Jia, Grutter, Michel, Ohyama, Hirofumi, Sun, Youwen, Butz, Andre, Mengistu Tsidu, Gizaw, Ene, Dragos, Wunch, Debra, Cao, Zhensong, Garcìa, Omaira, Ramonet, Michel, Vogel, Felix, Orphal, Johannes, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry [Wollongong] (CAC), University of Wollongong [Australia], Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering [Munich], Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Centro de Ciencias de la Atmosfera [Mexico], Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Izaña Atmospheric Research Center (IARC), Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMet), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), ICOS-RAMCES (ICOS-RAMCES), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-17-CE04-0013,MERCI-CO2,Impacts régional des émissions de CO2 de Mexico(2017)

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Earth sciences, Spectrometers, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Total Carbon Column Observing Network, ddc:550, Greenhouse gases observations, Fourier transform spectrometers
Abstract

In a 3.5-year long study, the long-term performance of a mobile, solar absorption Bruker EM27/SUN spectrometer, used for greenhouse gas observations, is checked with respect to a co-located reference Bruker IFS 125HR spectrometer, which is part of the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON). We find that the EM27/SUN is stable on timescales of several years; the drift per year between the EM27/SUN and the official TCCON product is 0.02 ppmv for XCO2 and 0.9 ppbv for XCH4, which is within the 1σ precision of the comparison, 0.6 ppmv for XCO2 and 4.3 ppbv for XCH4. The bias between the two data sets is 3.9 ppmv for XCO2 and 13.0 ppbv for XCH4. In order to avoid sensitivity-dependent artifacts, the EM27/SUN is also compared to a truncated IFS 125HR data set derived from full-resolution TCCON interferograms. The drift is 0.02 ppmv for XCO2 and 0.2 ppbv for XCH4 per year, with 1σ precisions of 0.4 ppmv for XCO2 and 1.4 ppbv for XCH4, respectively. The bias between the two data sets is 0.6 ppmv for XCO2 and 0.5 ppbv for XCH4. With the presented long-term stability, the EM27/SUN qualifies as an useful supplement to the existing TCCON network in remote areas. To achieve consistent performance, such an extension requires careful testing of any spectrometers involved by application of common quality assurance measures. One major aim of the COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network (COCCON) infrastructure is to provide these services to all EM27/SUN operators. In the framework of COCCON development, the performance of an ensemble of 30 EM27/SUN spectrometers was tested and found to be very uniform, enhanced by the centralized inspection performed at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology prior to deployment. Taking into account measured instrumental line shape parameters for each spectrometer, the resulting average bias across the ensemble with respect to the reference EM27/SUN used in the long-term study in XCO2 is 0.20 ppmv, while it is 0.8 ppbv for XCH4. The average standard deviation of the ensemble is 0.13 ppmv for XCO2 and 0.6 ppbv for XCH4. In addition to the robust metric based on absolute differences, we calculate the standard deviation among the empirical calibration factors. The resulting 2σ uncertainty is 0.6 ppmv for XCO2 and 2.2 ppbv for XCH4. As indicated by the executed long-term study on one device presented here, the remaining empirical calibration factor deduced for each individual instrument can be assumed constant over time. Therefore the application of these empirical factors is expected to further improve the EM27/SUN network conformity beyond the scatter among the empirical calibration factors reported above.

Published
2019

29. CoMet: An airborne mission to simultaneously measure CO2 and CH4 using lidar, passive remote sensing and in-situ techniques

Author

Fix, Andreas, Amediek, Axel, Andersen, Truls, Borchardt, Jakob, Bovensmann, Heinrich, Büdenbender, Hans Christian, Burrows, J.P., Butz, Andre, Chen, Huilin, Dandosci, Alexandru, Eckl, Maximilian, Ehret, Gerhard, Ene, Dragos, Fiehn, Alina, Galkowski, Michal, Gerbig, Christoph, Hase, Frank, Heimann, Martin, Gerilowski, K., Kiemle, Christoph, Kleinschek, Ralph, Kostinek, Julian, Krautwurst, Sven, Kud, Michal, Kuze, A., Jöckel, Patrick, Landgraf, Jochen, Luther, Andreas, Maazallahi, Hossein, Mallaun, Christian, Marshall, Julia, Menoud, Malika, Necki, J., Pfeilsticker, Klaus, Quatrevalet, Mathieu, Rapp, Markus, Röckmann, T., Roiger, Anke-Elisabeth, Schmidt, Martina, Stanisavljevic, Mila, Swolkien, Justyna, van der Veen, Carina, Wildmann, Norman, Wirth, Martin, and Zöger, Martin

Subjects
Lidar, models, Greenhouse gases, Verkehrsmeteorologie, Erdsystem-Modellierung, Atmosphärische Spurenstoffe, Oberpfaffenhofen, airborne measurements
Published
2018

30. Combining airborne and ground based remote sensing (lidar, spectrometer) as well as in-situ techniques to determine CH₄ emissions of a European CH₄ emission hot spot area – initial results from COMET

Author

Bovensmann, Heinrich, Fix, Andreas, Amediek, Axel, Andersen, Truls, Borchardt, Jakob, Büdenbender, Hans Christian, Burrows, J.P., Butz, Andre, Chen, Huilin, Dandosci, Alexandru, Eckl, Maximilian, Ehret, Gerhard, Ene, Dragos, Fiehn, Alina, Galkowski, Michal, Gerbig, Christoph, Hase, Frank, Heimann, Martin, Gerilowski, K., Kiemle, Christoph, Kleinschek, Ralph, Kostinek, Julian, Krautwurst, Sven, Kud, Michal, Kuze, A., Jöckel, Patrick, Landgraf, Jochen, Luther, Andreas, Maazallahi, Hossein, Mallaun, Christian, Marshall, Julia, Menoud, Malika, Necki, J., Pfeilsticker, Klaus, Quatrevalet, Mathieu, Rapp, Markus, Röckmann, T., Roiger, Anke-Elisabeth, Ruhtz, Thomas, Schmidt, Martina, Stanisavljevic, Mila, Swolkien, Justyna, van der Veen, Carina, Wildmann, Norman, Wirth, Martin, and Zöger, Martin

Subjects
Lidar, models, Greenhouse gases, Verkehrsmeteorologie, Erdsystem-Modellierung, Atmosphärische Spurenstoffe, Oberpfaffenhofen, airborne measurements
Published
2018

31. Building the COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network (COCCON): Long term stability and ensemble performance of the EM27/SUN Fourier transform spectrometer [Discussion paper]

Author

Frey, Matthias, Sha, Mahesh Kumar, Hase, Frank, Kiel, Matthaeus, Blumenstock, Thomas, Harig, Roland, Surawicz, Gregor, Deutscher, Nicholas Michael, Shiomi, Kei, Franklin, Jonathan E., Bösch, Hartmut, Chen, Jia, Grutter, Michel, Ohyama, Hirofumi, Sun, Youwen, Butz, André, Gizaw Mengistu Tsidu‏, Ene, Dragos, Wunch, Debra, Cao, Zhensong, García Rodríguez, Omaira Elena, Ramonet, Michel, Vogel, Felix, and Orphal, Johannes

Subjects
Spectrometers, Total Carbon Column Observing Network, Greenhouse gases observations, Fourier transform spectrometers
Abstract

In a 3.5 year long study, the long term performance of a mobile Bruker EM27/SUN spectrometer, used for greenhouse gases observations, is checked with respect to a co-located reference Bruker IFS 125HR spectrometer, which is part of the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON). We find that the EM27/SUN is stable on timescales of several years, qualifying it as an useful supplement for the existing TCCON network in remote areas. For achieving consistent performance, such an extension requires careful testing of any spectrometers involved by application of common quality assurance measures. One major aim of the COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network (COCCON) infrastructure is to provide these services to all EM27/SUN operators. In the framework of COCCON development, the performance of an ensemble of 30 EM27/SUN spectrometers was tested and found to be very uniform, enhanced by the centralized inspection performed at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology prior to deployment. Taking into account measured instrumental line shape parameters for each spectrometer, the resulting average bias across the ensemble in XCO2 is 0.20 ppm, while it is 0.8 ppb for XCH4. As indicated by the executed long-term study on one device presented here, the remaining empirical calibration factor deduced for each individual instrument can be assumed constant over time. Therefore the application of these empirical factors is expected to further improve the EM27/SUN network conformity beyond the raw residual bias reported above. We acknowledge funding from the Australian Space Research Program - Greenhouse Gas Monitoring Project, the Australian Research Council project DE140100178, and the Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry (CAC) Research Cluster supported by the University of Wollongong Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health.

Published
2018

32. Tropospheric and stratospheric smoke over Europe as observed within EARLINET/ACTRIS in summer 2017

Author

Baars, Holger, Acheson, Karen, Althausen, Dietrich, Amiridis, Vassilis, Amodeo, Aldo, Ansmann, Albert, Apituley, Arnoud, Alados Arboledas, Lucal, Baldasano, José M., Baray, Jean-Luc, Barragán, Rubén, Belegante, Livio, Antonio Benavent-Oltra, Jose, Bortoli, Daniele, Bühl, Johannes, Comeron, Adolfo, Córdoba, Carmen, D'Amico, Guiseppe, Aguila, Ana del, Dionisi, Davide, Ene, Dragos, Engelmann, Ronny, Fernández García, Alfonso Javier, Fréville, Patrick, Gausa, Michael, Gialitaki, Anna, Goloub, Philippe, Grigorov, Ivan, Guerrero-Rascado, Jean Luis, Haarig, Moritz, Haefele, Alexander, Haeffelin, Martial, Hanuš, Vlastimil, Heese, Birgit, Hervo, Maxime, Hofer, Julian, Hu, Qiaoyun, Iarlori, Marco, Jimenez, Cristofer, Liberti, Gianluigi, Marinou, Eleni, Martucci, Giovanni, Mattis, Ina, Mona, Lucia, Montoux, Nadège, Müller, Detlef, Mylonaki, Maria, Nicolae, Doina, Ortiz-Amezcua, Pablo, Papagiannopoulos, Nikos, Papayannis, Alex, Perrone, Maria Rita, Pietras, Christophe, Pietruczuk, Aleksander, Podvin, Thierry, Popovici, Ioana, Proestakis, Emmanouil, Radenz, Martin, Romano, Salvatore, Schechner, Yoav, Seifert, Patric, Sicard, Michael, Skupin, Annett, Soupiona, Ourania, Stachlewska, Iwona S., Tetoni, Eleni, Trickl, Thomas, Vesselovski, Igor, Vladimir, Zdimal, Vogelmann, Hannes, and Wandinger, Ulla

Subjects
Earth sciences, EARLINET, stratospheric smoke, ddc:550, ACTRIS, lidar
Abstract

For several weeks in summer 2017, strong smoke layers were observed over Europe at numerous EARLINET stations. EARLINET is the European research lidar network and part of ACTRIS and comprises more than 30 ground-based lidars. The smoke layers were observed in the troposphere as well as in the stratosphere up to 25 km from Northern Scandinavia over whole western and central Europe to the Mediterranean regions. Backward trajectory analysis among other tools revealed that these smoke layers originated from strong wild fires in western Canada in combination with pyrocumulus convection. An extraordinary fire event in the mid of August caused intense smoke layers that were observed across Europe for several weeks starting on 18 August 2017. Maximum aerosol optical depths up to 1.0 at 532 nm were observed at Leipzig, Germany, on 22 August 2017 during the peak of this event. The stratospheric smoke layers reached extinction coefficient values of more than 600 Mm−1 at 532 nm, a factor of 10 higher than observed for volcanic ash after the Pinatubo eruption in the 1990s. First analyses of the intensive optical properties revealed low particle depolarization values at 532 nm for the tropospheric smoke (spherical particles) and rather high values (up to 20%) in the stratosphere. However, a strong wavelength dependence of the depolarization ratio was measured for the stratospheric smoke. This indicates irregularly shaped stratospheric smoke particles in the size range of the accumulation mode. This unique depolarization feature makes it possible to distinguish clearly smoke aerosol from cirrus clouds or other aerosol types by polarization lidar measurements. Particle extinction-to-backscatter ratios were rather low in the order of 40 to 50 sr at 355 nm, while values between 70-90 sr were measured at higher wavelengths. In the western and central Mediterranean, stratospheric smoke layers were most prominent in the end of August at heights between 16 and 20 km. In contrast, stratospheric smoke started to occur in the eastern Mediterranean (Cyprus and Israel) in the beginning of September between 18 and 23 km. Stratospheric smoke was still visible in the beginning of October at certain locations (e.g. Evora, Portugal), while tropospheric smoke was mainly observed until the end of August within Europe. An overview of the smoke layers measured at several EARLINET sites will be given. The temporal development of these layers as well as their geometrical and optical properties will be presented.

Published
2018
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34. Molecular Analysis of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Receptors in EUS-guided Samples Obtained from Patients with Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

Author

Adrian Saftoiu, Ene Dragos, Sevastita Iordache, Alexandru Dragos, Madalin Ionut Costache, and Cornelia Alexandra Costache

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Endoscopic ultrasound, Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Angiogenesis, Gene Expression, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Adenocarcinoma, Sensitivity and Specificity, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Predictive Value of Tests, Pancreatic cancer, Pancreatitis, Chronic, medicine, Biomarkers, Tumor, Humans, RNA, Neoplasm, Pancreatitis, chronic, Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration, Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Retrospective Studies, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Gastroenterology, Kinase insert domain receptor, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Prognosis, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2, Neoplasm Proteins, Vascular endothelial growth factor, Pancreatic Neoplasms, 030104 developmental biology, Fine-needle aspiration, chemistry, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, business
Abstract

Background & Aims: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGF-R1 and VEGF-R2) are the most important angiogenesis stimulating factors in pancreatic cancer. This study aims to assess VEGF-R1 and VEGF-R2 gene expression in EUS-FNA samples and identify prognostic markers in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.Methods. This was a retrospective study of prospectively collected data of 88 consecutive patients, with clinical and imaging suspicion of pancreatic neoplasms, based on samples obtained through endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA).Results. EUS had an accuracy of 93.2% for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Based on real-time qPCR analysis, VEGF-R1 and VEGF-R2 expressions were present in 90% and 65% of the analysed malignant samples, respectively; 89% of the patients died during the study, with a median survival rate of only 9 months. The survival was correlated with the initial stage and with the presence of VEGF-R1 and VEGF-R2 gene expression. We found that there are significant correlations between death/survival and T stage, N stage, resectability status, VEGF-R1, VEGF-R2 and VEGF-R1/VEGF-R2 coexpression. Using a Cox model regression our study demonstrates that VEGF-R1/VEGF-R2 coexpression might be considered as a poor prognostic factor in pancreatic cancer.Conclusions. EUS is a very effective technique for the diagnosis and staging of pancreatic adenocarcinoma in patients with clinical and imaging suspicion of pancreatic neoplasm, with an accuracy of 93.2%. Furthermore, the role of molecular analysis of EUS-guided FNA samples was established by the assessment of VEGF-R1, VEGF-R2 gene expression, which might be considered prognostic markers in pancreatic cancer.Abbreviations: cDNA: deoxyribonucleic acid concentration; CE-EUS: contrast enhanced endoscopic ultrasound; CT: computed tomography; EUS: endoscopic ultrasound; EUS–FNA: endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration; IHC: immunohistochemistry; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging; qRT–PCR: quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction; RNA: ribonucleic acid; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor; VEGF-R1: vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1; VEGF-R2: vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2.

Published
2017

35. Building the COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network (COCCON): Long term stability and ensemble performance of the EM27/SUN Fourier transform spectrometer

Author

Frey, Matthias, primary, Sha, Mahesh Kumar, additional, Hase, Frank, additional, Kiel, Matthäus, additional, Blumenstock, Thomas, additional, Harig, Roland, additional, Surawicz, Gregor, additional, Deutscher, Nicholas M., additional, Shiomi, Kei, additional, Franklin, Jonathan, additional, Bösch, Hartmut, additional, Chen, Jia, additional, Grutter, Michel, additional, Ohyama, Hirofumi, additional, Sun, Youwen, additional, Butz, André, additional, Mengistu Tsidu, Gizaw, additional, Ene, Dragos, additional, Wunch, Debra, additional, Cao, Zhensong, additional, Garcia, Omaira, additional, Ramonet, Michel, additional, Vogel, Felix, additional, and Orphal, Johannes, additional

Published
2018
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36. Experimental techniques for the calibration of lidar depolarization channels in EARLINET

Author

Belegante, Livio, primary, Bravo-Aranda, Juan Antonio, additional, Freudenthaler, Volker, additional, Nicolae, Doina, additional, Nemuc, Anca, additional, Ene, Dragos, additional, Alados-Arboledas, Lucas, additional, Amodeo, Aldo, additional, Pappalardo, Gelsomina, additional, D'Amico, Giuseppe, additional, Amato, Francesco, additional, Engelmann, Ronny, additional, Baars, Holger, additional, Wandinger, Ulla, additional, Papayannis, Alexandros, additional, Kokkalis, Panos, additional, and Pereira, Sérgio N., additional

Published
2018
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38. THE ANALYSIS OF A COMPLEX FIRE EVENT USING MULTI-SPACEBORNE OBSERVATIONS.

Author

Andrei, Simona, Carstea, Emil, Marmureanu, Luminita, Ene, Dragos, Binietoglou, Ioannis, Nicolae, Doina, Konsta, Dimitra, Amiridis, Vassilis, and Proestakis, Emmanouil

Subjects
METEOROLOGICAL observations, SPACE vehicles, ENVIRONMENTAL monitoring, SPACE telescopes, METEOROLOGICAL optics
Abstract

This study documents a complex fire event that occurred on October 2016, in Middle East belligerent area. Two fire outbreaks were detected by different spacecraft monitoring instruments on board of TERRA, CALIPSO and AURA Earth Observation missions. Link with local weather conditions was examined using ERA Interim Reanalysis and CAMS datasets. The detection of the event by multiple sensors enabled a detailed characterization of fires and the comparison with different observational data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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40. Intrathoracic Anastomotic Leak after Ivor Lewis Esophagectomy: Non-Surgical Management.

Author

Ene, Dragos, Turculet, Claudiu Stefan, Georgescu, Teodor Florin, Ilie, Madalina, Tincu, Radu, and Beuran, Mircea

Subjects
*ESOPHAGECTOMY, *ESOPHAGEAL surgery, *SURGICAL complications
Abstract

We present the case of a 51-year-old patient known with operated cervical disc disease, who presented himself at our hospital with dysphagia and unexplained weight loss. The superior digestive endoscopy indicated the presence of a middle esophagus vegetative tumor. The computer tomography of the thorax and abdomen revealed: a tumor localized in the medium thoracic esophagus, peritumoral and retroperitoneal lymphatic invasion. The bronchoscopy showed a normal oral passage, mobile vocal cords, normal trachea and carina, without tumors in the area visualized. The patient was operated and a Ivor - Lewis esophagectomy with end to end eso-gastric anastomosis and a jejunostomy for postoperative feeding were performed. The postoperative evolution was encumbered by the apparition of an anastomotic fistula, four days after surgery. The leak was diagnosed by superior digestive endoscopy and a 140 mm/24 mm expandable stent was placed. The barium swallow test made after two days showed no leaks. After 7 days from the stent insertion a superior endoscopy was performed which showed a new esophageal fistula and a second stent was placed. After the mounting of the second stent, the evolution of the patient was favorable. The patient was discharged after 36 days of hospitalization. The histopathological exam concluded: squamous esophageal carcinoma low differentiated, with the invasion of the esophageal serosa and a celiac lymph node invasion, which was resected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018

41. Building the COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network (COCCON): Long term stability and ensemble performance of the EM27/SUN Fourier transform spectrometer.

Author

Frey, Matthias, Sha, Mahesh Kumar, Hase, Frank, Kiel, Matthäus, Blumenstock, Thomas, Harig, Roland, Surawicz, Gregor, Deutscher, Nicholas M., Shiomi, Kei, Franklin, Jonathan, Bösch, Hartmut, Jia Chen, Grutter, Michel, Ohyama, Hirofumi, Youwen Sun, Butz, André, Tsidu, Gizaw Mengistu, Ene, Dragos, Wunch, Debra, and Zhensong Cao

Subjects
FOURIER transform spectrometers, GREENHOUSE gases
Abstract

In a 3.5 year long study, the long term performance of a mobile Bruker EM27/SUN spectrometer, used for greenhouse gases observations, is checked with respect to a co-located reference Bruker IFS 125HR spectrometer, which is part of the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON). We find that the EM27/SUN is stable on timescales of several years, qualifying it as an useful supplement for the existing TCCON network in remote areas. For achieving consistent performance, such an extension requires careful testing of any spectrometers involved by application of common quality assurance measures. One major aim of the COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network (COCCON) infrastructure is to provide these services to all EM27/SUN operators. In the framework of COCCON development, the performance of an ensemble of 30 EM27/SUN spectrometers was tested and found to be very uniform, enhanced by the centralized inspection performed at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology prior to deployment. Taking into account measured instrumental line shape parameters for each spectrometer, the resulting average bias across the ensemble in XCO2 is 0.20ppm, while it is 0.8ppb for XCH4. As indicated by the executed long-term study on one device presented here, the remaining empirical calibration factor deduced for each individual instrument can be assumed constant over time. Therefore the application of these empirical factors is expected to further improve the EM27/SUN network conformity beyond the raw residual bias reported above. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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47. Intrathoracic Anastomotic Leak after Ivor Lewis Esophagectomy: Non-Surgical Management.

Author

Ene, Dragos, Turculet, Claudiu Stefan, Georgescu, Teodor Florin, Ilie, Madalina, Tincu, Radu, and Beuran, Mircea

Subjects
*SPINAL nerve diseases, *ESOPHAGECTOMY, *DEGLUTITION disorders
Abstract

We present the case of a 51-year-old patient known with operated cervical disc disease, who presented himself at our hospital with dysphagia and unexplained weight loss. The superior digestive endoscopy indicated the presence of a middle esophagus vegetative tumor. The computer tomography of the thorax and abdomen revealed: a tumor localized in the medium thoracic esophagus, peritumoral and retroperitoneal lymphatic invasion. The bronchoscopy showed a normal oral passage, mobile vocal cords, normal trachea and carina, without tumors in the area visualized. The patient was operated and a Ivor - Lewis esophagectomy with end to end eso-gastric anastomosis and a jejunostomy for postoperative feeding were performed. The postoperative evolution was encumbered by the apparition of an anastomotic fistula, four days after surgery. The leak was diagnosed by superior digestive endoscopy and a 140 mm/24 mm expandable stent was placed. The barium swallow test made after two days showed no leaks. After 7 days from the stent insertion a superior endoscopy was performed which showed a new esophageal fistula and a second stent was placed. After the mounting of the second stent, the evolution of the patient was favorable. The patient was discharged after 36 days of hospitalization. The histopathological exam concluded: squamous esophageal carcinoma low differentiated, with the invasion of the esophageal serosa and a celiac lymph node invasion, which was resected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016

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