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Good Dairy Farming Practice (GDFP) merupakan serangkaian tata kelola peternakan sapi perah yang baik guna optimalisasi produksi produk peternakan. Permasalahan utama dalam pengembangan sapi perah adalah ketersediaan pakan terutama pakan hijauan. Ketersediaan pakan hijauan selalu fluktuatif mengikuti pola musim. Perubahan pola musim yang dihadapi setiap tahunnya oleh peternak menuntut peternak untuk melakukan pengawetan bahan pakan berupa hijauan (tebon jagung) dengan cara ensilage. Proses ensilage tersebut menghasilkan cairan bioproses tebon jagung yang masih memiliki manfaat bila digunakan untuk ternak. Kegiatan penyuluhan yang melibatkan peternak anggota kelompok ternak “Sentra Dairy Farm” bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan mengenai GDFP dan pemanfaatan cairan bioproses tebon jagung sebagai Direct Fed Microbial (DFM) yaitu tambahan starter ensilage. Hal tersebut diharapkan mampu membantu peternak dalam meningkatkan tata kelola sehingga produksi ternak menjadi optimal. Hasil dari penyuluhan yang dilakukan menunjukkan indikator kesuksesan program berupa persentase kehadiran peserta (75%) dan peningkatan pengetahuan peternak sebesar 99%.

Engine Nacelle dapat diartikan rumah untuk mesin pesawat karena mereka melindungi turbin gas dari Foreign Object Debris (FOD). Kerusakan bagian atau komponen pesawat terbang dapat bervariasi yang terjadi seperti lekukan, lubang kecil, dan noda darah apabila terjadi tabrak burung. Konstruksi sandwich saat ini sedang dikembangkan untuk aplikasi struktur utama pesawat, dimana daya tahan dan toleransi kerusakan apabila terjadi tumbukan adalah yang utama untuk dipertimbangkan. Dalam menentukan material struktur pesawat terbang khususnya struktur sandwich perancangan pesawat terbang harus melalui tahap pengujian terhdadap komponen-komponennya. Simulasi numerik ini menggunakan aplikasi ABAQUS, metode yang digunakan dalam jenis tumbukan adalah Dynamic Explicit. Kecepatan yang digunakan dalam simulasi ini adalah 5 m/s, 7 m/s, dan 10 m/s. Untuk mencari hasil yang optimal dilakukannya optimisasi arah serat komposit pada engine nacelle. Hasil optimisasi arah serat dan serat yang digunakan adalah [ 0 ̊, 45 ̊, -45 ̊,0 ̊]s dengan kecepatan yang digunakan adalah 7 m/s. Dengan hasil perpindahan lebih kecil 40 % dibandingkan arah serat sebelumnya. Konstruksi sandwich dapat memberikan kekakuan dan kekuatan yaitu 1,16 kali lebih kaku dan 2,27 kali lebih kuat.

Airplane is a very important mode of transportation, one of which is ATR aircraft. In this study, the type of aircraft used was the ATR 72-600 aircraft. One of the safety factors that need to be considered on aircraft is the landing gear system. The landing gear system regulates the wheel system on the aircraft for landing and also taking off. Given the importance of ensuring that the plane's wheels are securely locked or not, an up lock box system is needed on the landing gear. In the Up Lock Box system, it is not directly visible from the outside so that the working mechanism is not widely known. This study aims to determine the workings of the up lock box nose teaching aid system on the landing gear and to make a trial up lock box nose teaching aid on the landing gear. The research method begins with a literature study, then looks for design references, namely from the ATA 32 training manual. After that, make a design using the image of the up lock box from the ATR 72 aircraft, assemble the demonstran tool, calibrate and test the demonstran tool. The conclusions in this study are, how the up lock box teaching aids work in accordance with the up lock box working concept in the training manual, the results of the design and manufacture of props accompanied by modifications, as well as the test results on up lock box props in accordance with the up lock work concept box. The size of the props that have been made has a length of 37.8 cm and a width of 16.2 cm.

Delivery of goods (cargo) between islands or between countries is faster by air transportation. Air cargo can use passenger aircraft (bulk cargo), Air freighters, Combined air freighters, Converted freighters for the same type of aircraft, such as ATR 72-600. This study discusses fuel consumption, comparison of payload capacity, and comparison of fuel consumption per payload of ATR 72-600 aircraft for the Makassar – Kendari route. namely the ATR 72-600, ATR 72-600 Freighter and ATR 72-600 Converted aircraft. The method used is a quantitative method. The results of the calculation using the flight crew operation manual for ATR 72-600 passenger fuel carried 1.143,4 kg and fuel consumption of 609.4 kg, ATR 72-600 Freighter and Converted aircraft carried 1.210,3 kg of fuel and 613,3 fuel consumption, 4 kg. Fuel costs per kg of cargo, ATR 72-600 Passenger aircraft are more expensive, namely Rp. 1,279 per kg, freighter Rp. 1,136 per kg, converted bulk cargo Rp. 1,175 per kg, Converted Large cargo door Rp. 1,202 per kg. The largest Cargo capacity is 9,000 kg on ATR 72-600 Freighter aircraft and the smallest is 2,150 on ATR 72-600 Passenger aircraft. If cargo delivery does not exceed 2,150 kg, it is more profitable to use ATR 72-600 passenger aircraft, but if the weight or volume sent much larger should use the ATR 72-600 Freighter.

Salah satu kegiatan tri dharma perguruan tinggi adalah pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Politeknik Kelautan dan Perikanan Pangandaran (PKPP) melaksanakan salah satu tri dhrama tersebut di Desa Cintakarya, Kecamatan Parigi, Pangandaran. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dilaksanakan dengan penyuluhan terkait optimalisasi peran koperasi peternak ikan. Peran koperasi peternak ikan sangatlah penting dalam tataniaga dan pemasaran hasil budidaya ikan, mengingat semangat yang dibawa koperasi merupakan semangat gotong royong dan kekeluargaan dalam mencapai tujuan organisasi. Optimalisasi peran koperasi yang melibatkan anggota koperasi (peternak ikan), pemerintah, industri, dan akademisi diharapkan dapat memberikan dampak positif khususnya bagi peternak ikan. Penyuluhan optimalisasi peran koperasi peternak ikan ini dapat dinyatakan mencapai target yang diharapkan dengan kehadiran 89,28% peserta dan antusiasme peserta yang tinggi

The chemical components of milk greatly determine the quality of milk produced from an animal. The purpose of this study was to determine the ratio of fat, protein, lactose and pH at morning and evening milking at CV Ben Buana Sejahtera (BBS Farm) Jatinangor District, Sumedang Regency. The research method used was paired t test with milk samples from 18 dairy cows with different lactation periods. 100 ml of milk samples were taken from each cow with different milking times, morning and evening, then put in a coolbox to test the chemical components of milk. in the Laboratory. The results showed that the average levels of fat, protein and lactose in milk in the morning were higher (P

The price fluctuations of DOC (Day Old Chicken) that occurred at the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic caused many infertile hatching eggs to be found sold freely in the community. The selling price of infertile hatching eggs (HE) is lower than consumption eggs and public ignorance about the differences between these two types of eggs makes HE eggs much sought after by the public. This is certainly a problem for producers of consumption eggs and the poultry breeding industry, because this incident is in conflict with the rules regarding the circulation of hatching eggs in the community. In addition, there is a lot of inaccurate information circulating in the community regarding HE so it is necessary to educate the public in responding to this condition. The socialization on how to identify or differentiate between consumption eggs and hatching eggs was carried out by means of discussions among lecturers, students, and community through online media. The benefits and results of this education are that participants know the rules regarding the circulation of HE in the community, participants know the correct information about HE eggs, and participants can know the characteristics of consumption eggs and HE in general one of which is based on the color of the egg shell, and participants can take a wiser attitude in the future. the day the phenomenon of HE eggs being sold in the market repeated itself. Public knowledge about egg quality increased by 33.4% through this socialization.

Transportation is the process of moving or moving people and goods from one place to another with a specific purpose, ATR aircraft are very suitable for regional flights, so that fuel utilization must be calculated to make the transportation cost is minimum. Indonesian airlines have very big demands in world aviation competition. One of Indonesia's domestic route type is commuter, ATR aircraft is very suitable for regional flights with commuter route, flights with short range with small aircraft for carrying passengers between airports with low passenger capacity. One of commuter advantage is the aircraft didn't have to refueling in the transit airport. The purpose of this research is to determine maximum flight cycle without refueling based on weight variation using FCOM data and fuel consumption calculation using analytical methods based on ATR aircraft specification. Using an analytic method for calculating fuel consumption from FCOM data with full tank strategy, full payload and refueling strategy in every airport for Nusa Tenggara and Sumatera route. This research calculation has resulted for Nusa Tenggara route total fuel is 4750,57 kg and Sumatera 4474,88 kg strategy full tank. Calculation has result for Nusa Tenggara 2789,69 kg and Sumatera 2658,98 kg strategy full payload.Then obtained full tank strategy not as much as 12 flights cycle, full payload as much as 7 flights cycle in Nusa Tenggara route and full tank strategy as much as 10 flight cycle, full payload obtained 6 flight cycle in Sumatera route On the Sumatra route.

Sapi perah adalah jenis ternak yang menghasilkan susu dan memberikan sumbangan protein untuk memenuhi kebutuhan gizi masyarakat. Produksi susu tinggi ditentukan dengan performa reproduksi yang baik pula. Kegiatan penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui performa reproduksi sapi perah Friesian Holstein di Ciawitali Farm Pangalengan Bandung Jawa Barat. Metode penelitian menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Objek penelitian yaitu catatan reproduksi sapi perah yang lengkap pada laktasi 1 sampai dengan laktasi 2 dari tahun 2016-2017. Variabel yang diamati pada penelitian adalah kawin pertama setelah beranak, jumlah kawin perkebuntingan, masa kosong, selang beranak, dan periode kawin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa performa reproduksi sapi perah FH berproduksi susu di Ciawitali Farm kawin pertama setelah beranak selama 67,15±16,67 hari, jumlah kawin perkebuntingan sebesar 3,01±2,34 kali, periode kawin selama 106,75±69,10 hari, masa kosong selama 169±70,46 hari dan selang beranak selama 387±63,87 hari. Hasil analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa performa reproduksi sapi perah FH berproduksi susu tinggi belum optimal.

Berdasarkan observasi lapangan, ditemukan adanya indikasi kebocoran oxygen crew pada saat pesawat terbang dari Bandara Soekarno Hatta menuju Bandara Pattimura Ambon. Sesuai dengan FCOM (Flight Crew Operating Manual) untuk pesawat airbus jika ada 2 crew dalam cockpit maka minimum tekanan oksigen darurat untuk flight crew adalah 540 PSI. Sehubungan dengan itu, maka diperlukan analisis pengaruh distribusi spare part oxygen crew pesawat airbus milik maskapai X di Bandara Patimura, dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pendistribusian komponen pada setiap station yang saling berhubungan, mengetahui pengaruh ketersediaan spare part oxygen crew bagi pesawat yang akan beroperasi, dan mengetahui lokasi penyimpanan dan kebutuhan spare part. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode riset operasi yang terdiri dari metode VAM (Vogel Approximation Methode), metode inspeksi (Least Cost) dan metode NWC (North West Corner). Setelah dilakukan perhitungan menggunakan 3 metode tersebut, diperoleh metode yang tepat untuk proses pendistribusian spare part oxygen crew adalah metode VAM (Vogel Approximation Methode) dengan biaya US$ 141 untuk memenuhi seluruh kebutuhan station.

Exhaust Gas Temperatue is an parameter where the hot gases’s temperature leave the gas turbine. Exhaust gas temperature margin is the difference between highest temperature at take off phase with redline on indicator (???????????? ???????????????????????? °????=???????????? ????????????????????????????−???????????? ???????????????? ????????????). EGTM is one of any factor to determine engine performance. A good perfomance of an engine when it has a big margin (EGTM), during operation of an engine the EGTM could decrease untill 0 (zero). So many factors could affect EGTM deteroration there are: distress hardware such as airfoil erosion, leak of an airseals, and increase of clearance between tip balde and shroud. Increase of clearance happens in high pressure compressor rotor clearance. In CFM56-7 have 9 stage(s) of high pressure compressor and each stage give the EGT Loses. The calculation of EGT Effect/Losses is actual celarance – minimum clearance x 1000 x EGT Effect °C, where actual clearance define by the substraction of outside diameter’s rotor with inside diameter’s shroud, minimum clearance define in the manual, 1000 is adjustment from mils/microinch to inch, and EGT Effect is temperature that define in the manual. The analysist had done with 6 (six) engine serial number and proceed by corelation that shown linkage between clearance and EGT Effect, the corelation is strong shown the result of corelation (r) is 0.994275999 or nearest 1.

Peternak harus mengenal jenis pakan yang biasa diberikan kepada ternak supaya menghasilkan produksi yang baik. Pakan berupa hijauan, leguminosa, dan konsentrat umumnya diberikan kepada ternak kambing perah. Tujuan pengabdian adalah memberikan pengetahuan tentang pakan kambing perah di Kelompok Peternak Roudhatul Ghonam Sidamulih Pangandaran. Pengabdian ini telah dilaksanakan di kelompok ternak Roudhatul Ghonam Kecamatan Sidamulih Kabupaten Pangandaran yang diikuti oleh peserta berjumlah 30 peserta dengan berbagai tingkatan usia. Metode pelaksanaan dengan cara memberikan penyuluhan kepada para peternak dengan pengenalan berbagai pakan untuk kambing perah. Tahapan dimulai dengan sebaran kuisioner pre test sebelum kegiatan dilakukan dengan 10 pertanyaan yang diajukan, pemaparan materi pengenalan pakan, penyebaran kuisioner post test kepada peserta dan diakhiri dengan sesi tanya jawab peserta dan narasumber. Kemudian mengenalkan pakan berupa hijauan seperti rumput gajah, raja, gamal, kaliandra dan ampas tahu yang bisa diberikan dengan potensi ketersediaan diwilayahnya, konsentrat serta teknologi pakan hasil fermentasi berupa silase. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan tentang pakan meningkat di tingkat peternak berdasarkan pre test dan post test sehingga diharapkan dengan ilmu dan pengetahuan tersebut produktivitas ternaknya tinggi dengan pemberian pakan yang terbaik.Abstract: Farmers must know the types of feed that are usually given to livestock to produce good production. Feed in the form of forage, legume, and concentrate is generally given to dairy goats. This service aims to provide knowledge about dairy goat feed in the Roudhatul Ghonam Farm Sidamulih Pangandaran. This service was carried out in the Roudhatul Ghonam farm, Sidamulih District, Pangandaran Regency, where 30 participants of various ages attended. The implementation method is by providing counseling to breeders with the introduction of various feeds for dairy goats. The stages began with the distribution of pre-test questionnaires before the activity was carried out with ten questions being asked, presentation of feed introduction material, distributing post-test questionnaires to participants, and ended with a question and answer session between participants and resource persons. Then introduce feed in the form of forages such as elephant grass, king grass, Gamal, calliandra, and tofu dregs that can be provided with potential availability in the region, concentrate and fermented feed technology the form of silage. The results showed that knowledge about feed increased at the farmer level based on the pre-test and post-test. It is expected that with this knowledge and knowledge, the productivity of livestock is high by providing the best feed

Along with the development of engine technology to be able to produce maximum efficiency in aircraft jet engines, various modifications were made to the machine tools. Modifications are made by taking into account four main factors, namely: maximum power output, reduced engine weight, low fuel consumption and maximum aircraft payload. This research uses a meta-analysis method, namely the analysis of several research results in line with what has been done previously regarding the efficiency of aircraft jet engines. The thermodynamic concept related to the heat engine which implements the brayton cycle that maximum efficiency can be done by reducing wasted heat energy and maximizing the work produced. From this concept, several attempts to maximize aircraft efficiency, such as modification of design that have a significant impact on weight reduction, fuel barrier design with low fan pressure, high bypass design ratio are also carried out in an effort to reduce aircraft noise levels. Aircraft noise levels can also be minimized by modifying the nozzle and ejector on the engine.

Tasripin DS, Yuniarti E, Mutaqin BK. 2022. Isolation of indigenous microorganisms from the liquid produced by the bioprocess of corn straw as direct fed microbials. Biodiversitas 23: 3452-3456. Digestion of ruminants is highly dependent on microbial activity of rumen. Rumen microbes are responsible for degrading food nutrients into simpler components that can be easily utilized by the body. In order to improve the rumen ecosystem, the Direct Fed Microbials (DFM) was added. The addition of DFM to feed can be in the form of a mixture of several beneficial microbes (such as from the group of bacteria, yeast, and fungi) for the body of livestock. This group of microorganisms can be obtained from the results of the bioprocess of bioprocessed materials such as corn straw. In order to obtain the right microorganisms to be used as DFM, it is necessary to isolate the results of the bioprocess. The analysis was carried out by purification of indigenous microorganisms from the bioprocess of corn straw. Microbial purification can be done by isolation of microbes on agar media such as Nutrient Agar, MRS, and PDA by incubation to obtain a single cell. The results showed that isolation of the liquid from the bioprocess of corn straw was obtained in the form of Coccus and Bacilli which included gram-positive bacteria which were found to be dominant after incubation and microbial staining.

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menambah nilai gizi pada kue baruasa dari penambahan tepung tulang ikan serta dapat mengetahui konsentrasi terbaik pada penambahan tepung tulang ikan tuna pada formula kue baruasa dengan analisis nilai hedonik, dan mengetahui karakteristik kimia dan mutu hedonik dari formula terbaik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui konsentrasi penambahan tepung tulang ikan tuna yang terbaik terhadap kadar kalsium dan organoleptik pada kue baruasa. Hasil terbaik diambil dari uji hedonik yaitu pada P0 dan P3. Pada P0 (tanpa pe nambahan tepung tulang ikan tuna) yang menghasilkan, uji hedonik warna 4,32, hedonik aroma 4,32, hedonik rasa 4,32 dan hedonik tekstur 4,4. kadar air (9,90%), kadar abu (0,76%), kadar protein (9,46%), kadar lemak (16,13%), dan kadar kalsium 1,14%. Pada P3 (penambahan tepung tulang ikan tuna) yang menghasilkan, uji hedonik warna 3,2, hedonik aroma 3,2, hedonik rasa 3,44 dan hedonik tekstur 3,2. kadar air (9,97%), kadar abu (11,16%), kadar protein (6,13%), kadar lemak (36,03%), dan kadar kalsium 42,84%Aim of the risearch to increase the nutritional value of baruasa cake from the addition of fish bone meal and to find out the best concentration of adding tuna fish bone meal to the baruasa cake formula by analyzing the hedonic value, and knowing the chemical characteristics and hedonic quality of the best formula. The purpose of this study was to determine the best concentration of tuna bone meal addition to calcium and organoleptic levels in baruasa cake. The best results were taken from the hedonic test, namely at P0 and P3. At P0 (without the addition of tuna bone meal), the color hedonic test was 4.32, aroma hedonic was 4.32, taste hedonic was 4.32 and texture hedonic was 4.4. water content (9.90%), ash content (0.76%), protein content (9.46%), fat content (16.13%), and calcium content 1.14%. In P3 (the addition of tuna fish bone meal) which resulted, the color hedonic test was 3.2, the aroma hedonic test was 3.2, the taste hedonic test was 3.44 and the texture hedonic test was 3.2. water content (9.97%), ash content (11.16%), protein content (6.13%), fat content (36.03%), and calcium content 42.84%

Masyarakat yang memiliki kesulitan dalam mengakses pelayanan kesehatan merupakan kelompok yang berisiko untuk memiliki masalah dalam hal pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak. Untuk mengevaluasi tingkat pertumbuhan dan perkembangan perlu diidentifikasi kemungkinan adanya potensi masalah dalam aspek tumbuh kembang tersebut. Masyarakat perlu dipersiapkan pula untuk dapat secara mandiri melakukan pemantauan dan stimulasi pertumbuhan perkembangan anak untuk diterapkan dalam pola pengasuhan anak sehari-hari. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakt (PPM) ini adalah untuk mempersiapkan masyarakat agar dapat melakukan pemantauan dan menstimulasi tumbuh kembang anak melalui kegiatan pemeriksaan atau skrining tumbuh kembang balita dan Pendidikan kesehatan pada kader kesehatan dan para ibu yang memiliki balita tentang stimulasi tumbuh kembang balitan di desa Cintaratu Kec. Parigi Kab. Pangandaran. Metode kegiatan berupa layanan skrining pertumbuhan menggunakan Z score dan skrining perkembangan menggunakan format KPSP berupa aplikasi android, serta Pendidikan kesehatan tentang konsep pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak pada ibu yang memiliki anak balita. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar balita menunjukkan tingkat pertumbuhan yang normal (95%), tingkat perkembangan yang sesuai (77,5%), dan pengetahuan ibu tentang konsep pertumbuhan dan perkembangan menunjukkan hasil yang baik. Hasil skrining tumbuh kembang anak ini tetap perlu diwaspadai pada masa-masa selanjutnya karena perubahan lingkungan baik fisik maupun mental akan selalu terjadi, oleh karena itu pemantauan tumbuh kembang perlu dilakukan secara berkala. Kader yang telah mendapatkan Pendidikan kesehatan dapat berperan untuk mengoptimalkan posyandu untuk menjaga keberlanjutan program pemantauan dan perkembangan balita di desa Cintaratu.Kata kunci: Balita, skrining, tumbuh kembang.

Pesawat Utility adalah kategori pesawat udara yang memiliki konfigurasi tempat duduk kurang dari 9 yang tidak termasuk tempat duduk pilot, Maximum Takeoff Weight 12.500 pounds serta memiliki kemampuan pesawat dapat bermanouver layaknya akrobatik yang di batasi pada sudut 60 sampai 90 derajat[2]. Berdasarkan CASR subbagian 23.305, struktur harus sanggup menahan beban limit tanpa merugikan dan membuat kerusakan permanen. Selain itu struktur juga harus mampu menahan beban ultimate tanpa kegagalan paling tidak selama 3 detik, kecuali kegagalan lokal atau ketidakstabilan struktur antara beban limit dengan beban ultimate yang dapat diterima jika struktur mampu menopang beban ultimate paling tidak selama 3 detik[2]. Penelitian ini melakukan analisis numerik part spar untuk pesawat berkategori utility dengan load sebesar 6G menggunakan material komposit. Selain itu dilakukan proses reduksi berat spar berdasarkan variasi jumlah lamina/ply dengan metode ply drop-off laminate. Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keamanan struktur berdasarkan kriteria kegagalan dan mendapatkan berat yang optimal pada spar. Proses penyelesaian masalah menggunakan metode elemen hingga dengan bantuan software CAE. Penelitian dilakukan pada kondisi statik dengan asumsi pembenanan gaya angkat yang terjadi pada spar. Perhitungan gaya angkat dilakukan dengan metode Schrenk. Tegangan tertinggi terdapat pada arah transversal atau arah tegak lurus serat setelah dilakukan optimisasi sebesar 301.7 MPa. Optimisasi menghasilkan pengurangan massa sebesar 30.41% dari sebelum optimisasi. Berat spar yang optimal sebesar 47.82 kg. Hasil kriteria kegagalan Tsai-Hill menghasilkan struktur spar tersebut aman untuk digunakan.

Analisis rancangan bulkhead dilakukan untuk memperoleh geometri terbaik untuk mencari berat yang efisien dengan mengubah geometri bentuk pada bulkhead yang merupakan sub system wing to fuselage untuk pesawat berkategori aerobatik dan berat yang optimal yang memenuhi persyaratan regulasi FAR 23 dan mengetahui respon distribusi tegangan, bending yang dihasilkan dan kriteria kegagalan struktur berdasarkan variasi geometri bentuk bulkhead. Pada penelitian ini untuk analisis statik bulkhead untuk pesawat berkategori aerobatik menggunakan material Aluminium Alloy 7075-T6 dan menggunakan metode pendekatan Schrenk untuk menghitung beban eksternal distrbusi gaya angkat pada sayap. Selain itu dilakukan proses optimisasi berat bulkhead berdasarkan metode pendekatan topologi yaitu perubahan geometri bentuk pada bulkhead untuk mereduksi berat, sudut insiden spar yang berbeda dan menghitung magin of safety. Proses penyelesaian masalah menggunakan perangkat lunak metode elemen hingga (Abaqus CAE). Optimisasi topologi pada part bulkhead sudut insidet 0° dan 4° menghasilkan volume yang berkurang pada benda sehingga mereduksi berat, tetapi nilai dari margin of safety MS = 0. The bulkhead design analysis was carried out to obtain the best geometry to find an efficient weight by changing the shape geometry of the bulkhead which is a sub-system of the wing to the fuselage for an aircraft categorized as aerobatics and an optimal weight that meets the requirements of FAR 23 regulations and sees the stress distribution response, the resulting bending and structural failure criteria based on the geometric variation of bulkhead shapes. In this study, to analyze the bulkhead static for an aerobatic category aircraft using Aluminum Alloy 7075-T6 material and using the Schrenk Approximation method to calculate the external distribution load of lift force on the wing. In addition, the optimization of bulkhead weight based on the topological approach method is to change the shape geometry of the bulkhead to reduce weight, in different spar incidents and calculate margin of safety. The problem solving process uses finite element method software (Abaqus CAE). Topological optimization of the bulkhead part with an incidence angle of 0 ° and 4 ° results in a reduced volume of the object so that it reduces weight, but the value of the margin of safety MS = 0.

This research aimed to describe the student misconceptions and find out the cause of misconceptions on Redox Reaction lesson at the tenth grade of Senior High School 9 Bengkulu in 2018/2019 Academic Year. Research conduct on April 15th until May 24th, 2019. The design of this research is descriptive method. The samples were taken through simple random sampling technique are 67 students of tenth grade MIPA SMA N 9 Kota Bengkulu so that 30 students were sampled. Essay test by Certainty of Response Index (CRI) and interview were used as the instruments of this research. Based on the analysis of research data shows there are misconceptions students. The analysis results show that misconceptions occurred at all sub concept on redox concept so the percentage of misconceptions that occur amounted to 35,7% in the overall student. The results showed the highest percentage of misconceptions in the amount of 46% at sub concept to determine reduction oxidation based on oxidation number on molecules and ion. The lowest percentage of misconceptions in the amount of 23% at indicator to in the sub concept of understanding oxidation and reduction in a redox reaction in terms of changes in oxidation number. Based on the results of interviews, causes of student misconception are derived from internal and external factors. Internal factors are derived from students such as students' associative thinking, student apperception and wrong intuition, students' abilities are lacking, low of students' motivation and learning interests during the learning process, students' learning methods, and students' selfconfidence in CRI values and external factors such as methods learning and limited learning resources.

Abstrct - A Windshield is a component that must be tested to comply with the certification requirements in the bird strike phenomenon based on Civil Aviation Safety Regulations (CASR) subpart 23.775. The purpose of this study is to obtain the thickness of 19 passenger aircraft windshield that meets the certification requirements and determine the dynamic response of the windshield to impact velocity variations. The finite element is used to simulate bird strike phenomena. The elastic-plastic polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) material with the maximum principal strain failure criterion is used to model the dynamic response of the windshield. Numerical modeling is validated, both with analytical and experimental results which are then used to investigate the effect of variations in windshield thickness and impact velocity. The results obtained that with a thickness of 9 mm, the windshield is able to withstand bird strikes based on cases that have been determined by the regulation. In addition, the impact velocity that causes the dynamic response of the windshield in the elastic, plastic deformation, and the greatest failure is the velocity of 87.5 ms-1(cruising phase). The uppermost of the windshield (fixed) is the weakest part due to the stress concentration.

One that affects aircraft performance is the thrust. The thrust is determined according to the requirements of the aircraft itself. This study uses a thrust test stand that uses a mass gauge as a thrust gauge, using two brushless motors and five propellers to determine the optimal thrust for X-UAV Mini Talon aircraft flying missions. The thrust required by the X-UAV Mini Talon aircraft - is known to be 0.6755 N for cruise flights and 4.979 N for take-off aircraft. After testing, the smallest thrust is produced by the configuration of the DYS 2826-13 brushless motor with a 5x3 inch propeller, while the biggest thrust by the RacerStar BR2212 brushless motor with a 10x6 inch propeller. Compared to calculations with propeller static thrust equation, the difference in thrust in testing with propeller static thrust ranges from 15% to 25%. Therefore, the optimal configuration for flying cruising is the DYS 2826-13 brushless motor with a 5x3 inch propeller, which produces a thrust of 0.988 N. Then, for the optimal configuration take-off is the Brushless DYS 2826-13 with a 9x5 inch propeller, which results in a thrust of 6,151. The configuration above was chosen because it is more efficient, with smaller current requirements compared to other configurations with more or less equivalent thrust.

Pengujian Bird Strike dilakukan menggunakan alat SHPB (Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar) yang menembakkan sabot (wadah burung). Pada ujung alat SHPB, sabot akan dihentikan oleh stopper sehingga burung akan terlepas dan meluncur dengan bebas hingga mengalami tumbukan dengan komponen uji. Sabot harus memaksimalkan kecepatan burung ketika keluar (terlepas dari sabot). Berdasarkan persamaan impuls dan momentum, hal ini dapat diperoleh dengan meminimalkan waktu tumbukan sehingga gaya impulsnya akan meningkat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui waktu tumbukan, pola grafik Energy Absorption (EA), Peak Crushing Force (PCF), dan Mean Crushing Force (MCF). Dari parameter tersebut, maka diperoleh sabot yang diinginkan berdasarkan waktu tumbukan tersingkat, PCF dan MCF tertinggi, serta EA terendah. Simulasi dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak elemen hingga (Abaqus CAE) berdasarkan variasi material (AA6061-T6, S355, dan AISI 1340) sabot. Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan, diperoleh bahwa waktu tumbukan paling singkat dimiliki variasi material AISI 1340 dengan nilai 0.00071 s. EA terendah untuk variasi material dimiliki oleh AISI 1340, yaitu sebesar 2.51 kJ. PCF tertinggi untuk variasi material dimiliki oleh material AISI 1340, yaitu 466 kN. Ditentukan bahwa berdasarkan nilai waktu (t) paling singkat, PCF, MCF paling tinggi, dan EA paling rendah, maka diperoleh material AISI 1340 sebagai material yang diinginkan karena paling berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan kecepatan burung setelah keluar dari sabot.

Asupan gizi yang optimal terutama asupan protein, baik dimasa pandemi Covid-19 maupun dalam situasi normal, penting untuk dipenuhi. Telur merupakan salah satu pangan sumber protein dengan harga yang cukup terjangkau dibandingkan sumber protein hewani lain, seperti daging dan susu. Sehingga telur banyak dipilih oleh masyarakat luas dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan protein harian mereka. Dalam masa pandemi Covid-19 ini, banyak bermunculan pedagang telur dadakan di kalangan masyarakat, sebagai salah satu imbas dari anjloknya harga telur di pasaran. Namun, para pedagang telur dadakan ini seringkali tidak mengindahkan kualitas telur yang mereka jual. Hal ini tentu akan berakibat merugikan dan membahayakan bagi kesehatan konsumen. Untuk itu, sosialisasi kepada masyarakat mengenai cara membedakan kualitas telur dan cara penyimpanan telur yang baik menjadi penting untuk dilakukan, agar masyarakat dapat memilih dan mendapatkan telur dengan kualitas yang baik dalam jangka waktu yang lebih Panjang. Manfaat dari sosialisasi ini adalah partisipan menjadi lebih teliti dalam memilih telur yang mereka beli, dan mengetahui cara penyimpanan telur yang benar agar masa simpan telur yang mereka beli dapat bertahan lebih lama.Kata Kunci: asupan gizi, kualitas telur, cara penyimpanan telurAbstractOptimal nutritional intake, especially protein intake, both during the Covid-19 pandemic and in normal situations, is important to fulfill. Eggs are a source of protein with prices that are quite affordable compared to other animal protein sources, such as meat and milk. So people prefer eggs as a fulfillment of their daily protein needs compared to meat and milk. During the Covid-19 pandemic, many impromptu egg sellers emerged in the community, as one of the effects of the drop in egg prices on the market. However, these impromptu egg sellers often disregard the quality of the eggs they sell. This will certainly have detrimental and harmful consequences to consumer health. For this reason, socialization to the public about how to differentiate egg quality and how to storing eggs in a good way is important, so that people can choose and get good quality eggs in a longer period of time. The benefit of this socialization is that participants become more careful in choosing the eggs they buy and knowing how to store eggs properly so that the shelf life of the eggs they buy can last longer.Keywords: nutritional intake, eggs quality, eggs storage

This research studies influence of bird geometry on impact pressures during bird strike, namely Hugoniot and Stagnation pressure through initial modelling by numerical simulations. Bird geometry is capsule or cylinder with hemisphere end. The geometry is simulated with different L/D ratio, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8 and 2.0. Elastic-plastic hydrodynamic material model is used in simulation. Bird model simulation are using lagrangian method and initial velocities are 200 m/s. The results show variation of L/D ratio provide Hugoniot pressure 10-19 times higher than stagnation pressure in L/D = 1.4, 8-18 times in L/D = 1.6, 9-17 times in L/D = 1.8 and 4-16 times in L/D = 2. Hugoniot pressures show higher in ratio L/D = 1.8 and lower in ratio L/D = 1.6. Stagnation pressure show higher in ratio L/D = 2.0 and lower in ratio L/D 1.4.

Dates fruit waste (DFW) is a by-product of dates juice industry that contains high energy. So, it is suitable for an energy source in dairy goat ration. This study was conducted to observe the effect of DFW utilization in the ration on energy partition and productivity of lactating dairy goats. The experimental design was randomized block design using 9 primiparous lactating dairy goats. There were three types of ration as treatments used in this study, i.e. R0= 35% forage + 65% concentrate, R1= 35% forage + 55% concentrate + 10% DFW, and R2= 35% forage + 45% concentrate + 20% DFW. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and polynomial orthogonal test. The evaluated variables were dry matter intake (DMI), energy partition including energy intake, digestible and metabolizable energy, fecal and urine energy, energy in methane gas, and energy in milk, milk production and quality. The results showed that the linear decreased of DMI, energy intake, digestible energy, metabolizable energy, and urine energy with the increased of DFW level in the rations. The use of 10% DFW (R1) showed the lowest energy loss through feces and methane gas of all treatments about 1089.57 kcal/head/d and 2.36 kcal/head/d, respectively. The use of DFW did not affect energy retention in milk. The utilization of DFW in ration did not significantly prevent the decline of milk production and milk quality. It can be concluded that DFW can be used as an alternative feed for the lactating dairy goat up to 10% in the ration.

The objectives of research were to measure average of expectation level on service quality dimension, to measure perception average level on service quality dimension, and to identify the differences of average levels between expectation and perception on service quality dimension, 4) to measure gap services quality (The difference in average size of expectation and perception) on service quality dimension, 5) to identify the correlation or the link between expectation and perception on every dimension of service quality at Policlinic BPK RI, 6) also to identify the difference between the expectation average level and the perception average level in a range period of time. This type of research is an analytic with cross sectional design. The subject of this research is patients at Policlinic BPK RI (n=96). Instrument research, SERVQUAL questioner which adopted from Parasuraman model with five dimensions, they are reliabilities, response force, warranty, empathy, physical evidence which all have been tested by several hospital researches and proven valid and reliable. The questioner used Likert scale with 7 levels; from the lowest level strongly disagree to the highest very agree with total 22 questions of that five dimensions mentioned earlier. The statistic test used is Paired Sample T test and Correlation test. Probability and significance > 0,05, therefore H0 accepted. If the Probability and significance < 0,05, then H0 denied. The researcher finally found that Mean of expectation (20,99), mean perception (18,94), shown there was a significant difference between expectation and perception in service quality dimension, with a thorough significance < 0,05, there was a correlation or link with quality service dimension comprehensively significance < 0,01. Furthermore, there was no considerable difference found on expectation and perception measurements in three different periods, significance >0,05. As the conclusion, there is a difference between expectation and perception on service quality dimension that results a gap service quality. There is a correlation or link in service quality dimensions, when a gap services quality occurs in one dimension, will affect the other services quality dimension. In addition, there was no significant difference when patients at Policlinic BPK RI value either expectation or perception in three different periods of time.

Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) mengetahui proses penerapan kegiatan bermain alat musik angklung, (2) untuk mengetahui peningkatan kecerdasan musikal anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Negeri Pembina Kota Serang Melalui bermain alat musik. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian tindakan yang menggunakan model kemmis dan MC Taggart. Subjek penelitian adalah 15 anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Negeri Pembina Kota Serang-Banten. Objek penelitian yaitu kecerdasan musikal anak. metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Indikator keberhasilan dalam penelitian ini adalah 60%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kecerdasan musikal anak meningkat menjadi 68% dari hasil pra penelitian sebesar 26% naik di siklus I sebesar 42% dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan bermain alat musik angklung dapat meningkatkan kecerdasan musikal anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Negeri Pembina Kota Serang-Banten.

This research studies influence of bird model on impact pressures during bird strike, namely Hugoniot and Stagnation pressure through initial modelling by numerical simulations using finite element method. Finite element simulation of bird strike have primarily modelled the bird as either a flat or hemispherically ended cylinder. The geometry is simulated with different L/D ratio, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8 and 2.0. Elastic-plastic hydrodynamic material model is used in simulation. Bird model simulation are using lagrangian method and initial velocities are 100, 200 and 300 m/s. Simulation results of hemispherically ended cylinder bird models show variation of L/D ratio provide Hugoniot pressure 10-19 times higher than stagnation pressure in L/D = 1.4, 8-18 times in L/D = 1.6, 9-17 times in L/D = 1.8 and 4-16 times in L/D = 2. The Hugoniot pressure shows a lower value at an L/D ratio of 1.6 compared to other ratios and the Stagnation pressure is higher at L/D ratio 2. As for cylindrical bird model show variation of L/D ratio provide Hugoniot pressure 35-38 times higher than stagnation pressure in L/D = 1.4, 30-47 times in L/D = 1.6, 31-52 times in L/D = 1.8 and 28-48 times in L/D = 2. The Hugoniot pressure shows a lower value at an L/D ratio of 1.4 and 1.6 compared to other ratios and the Stagnation pressure is higher at L/D ratio 2.

Aside from being a manufacturer of lift force, a wing is functioning hold the load that occurs in the structure of the aircraft, such as the shear load, twist and bending. Of all the load the load bending is the greatest burden are received by the wings. Setting the load bending is one of the major factors in reducing the burden experienced by the wing. However, the optimal value indicated opposite between on land and in the air, to take advantage of the situation to use fuel system transfers the load alleviation. Fuel transfer load alleviation is a system that automatically move the fuel more in the tank at the time in part on land and are on the outside of the tank at the time in the air so that the effect of the load bending bending loads can be reduced, which generated as the result of addition between the weight distribution and the distribution of lift that occurs on the wings so as to calculate the bending data needed weight distribution and the distribution of lift on the wing. This research aims to know the weight distribution occurs on the wings of the Boeing 737-500. The value of the weight distribution and distribution of lift yield optimization moment on two States namely, on land and in the air with three variations of the fuel transfer that is, constant with a value of 40134.53 N, linear with a value of 48059.53 N, and the maximum value of 172386.50 N.

Penelitian ini mempelajari pengaruh geometri burung terhadap tekanan impak pada kasus tabrak burung, yaitu tekanan hugoniot dan stagnasi. Geometri burung berbentuk capsule atau silinder dengan kedua ujung setengah bola. Geometri disimulasikan dengan rasio L/D yang berbeda yaitu 1,5; 1,7; dan 1,9. Model material burung elastis, plastis, hidrodinamik digunakan pada simulasi. Simulasi model burung dilakukan dengan metode Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) pada variasi kecepatan 100 m/s, 200 m/s, dan 300 m/s. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan dengan variasi rasio L/D diperoleh nilai tekanan Hugoniot jauh lebih tinggi sekitar 14-25 kali lipat tekanan stagnasi pada L/D = 1.5, 12-25 kali pada L/D = 1.7, dan 11-34 kali pada L/D = 1.9. Tekanan Hugoniot menunjukkan nilai yang meningkat dari L/D 1.5 sampai 1.9 pada kecepatan 100 m/s. Namun, untuk tekanan Hugoniot pada kecepatan 200 m/s menunjukkan nilai yang menurun dari L/D 1.5 sampai 1.9. Tekanan stagnasi rasio L/D 1.9 lebih rendah dibandingkan L/D 1.5 dan 1.7 pada kecepatan impak 100 dan 200 m/s.