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Aim To clarify the mechanism by which pitavastatin reduced cardiovascular (CV) events more effectively than atorvastatin in the TOHO Lipid Intervention Trial Using Pitavastatin (TOHO-LIP), the changes in (Δ) non-heparinized serum level of lipoprotein lipase mass (LPL mass) during administration of the respective statins were investigated. Methods From TOHO-LIP data, 223 hypercholesterolemic patients with any CV risks followed at Toho University Sakura Medical Center were analyzed. The patients were randomized to pitavastatin (2 mg/day) group (n=107) or atorvastatin (10 mg/day) group (n=116), and followed for 240 weeks. In this subgroup study, the primary and secondary end points were the same as those in TOHO-LIP, and 3-point major adverse cardiovascular events (3P-MACE) was added. The relationship between ΔLPL mass during the first year and the incidences of each end point was analyzed. Results The lipid-lowering effect was not different between the two statins. Cumulative 240-week incidence of each end point was significantly lower in pitavastatin group (primary: 1.9% vs. 10.3%, secondary: 4.7% vs. 18.1%, 3P-MACE: 0.9% vs. 6.9%). Mean LPL mass (64.9 to 69.0 ng/mL) and eGFR (70.1 to 73.6 ml/min/1.73m2) increased in pitavastatin group, but not in atorvastatin group during the first year. Cox proportional-hazards model revealed that ΔLPL mass (1 ng/mL or 1SD) contributed to almost all end points. Conclusions Pitavastatin administration reduced CV events more efficaciously than atorvastatin despite similar LDL cholesterol-lowering effect of the two statins. Increased LPL mass during the first year by pitavastatin treatment may be associated with this efficacy.

Background Use of continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) has increased over the years as a bridge to transplant. The HeartWare HVAD (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN) and HeartMate III (HM3, Abbott, Abbott Park, IL) are currently approved centrifugal-flow devices used for bridge to transplant. We sought to evaluate outcomes of the patients listed and who received a transplant after receiving these 2 devices. Methods The United Network of Organ Sharing thoracic transplant database was queried after August 23, 2017, until December 2018 to identify patients aged older than 18 years listed for heart transplant and supported by the HVAD or HM3. Patient characteristics were evaluated at the time of listing and transplant. The primary study end point was 1-year mortality after LVAD implantation. Nonparametric tests were used to evaluate the device groups. Results Of 569 patients listed for heart transplant during the study period, 226 had HM3 and 343 had HVAD. The HM3 group had more men (82% vs 74%, P = .02), patients with diabetes (38% vs 29%, P = .02), and the body mass index was higher (28 vs 27 kg/m2, P = .04) at listing. Between the HM3 and HVAD groups, the 1-year mortality was 20% vs 17%, respectively (log-rank P = .28; Figure 1), and the posttransplant survival at 1 year was 97% and 94%, respectively (P = .1). Conclusions In a relatively well-matched group of patients listed for heart transplant with a centrifugal-flow LVAD, the 6-month and 1-year mortality on the waiting list as well as after transplant were not statistically different. Additional real-world experience or a randomized trial would be needed to determine whether one LVAD is superior.

The understanding of biological concepts in wound healing together with the evolution in biomaterials applied in periodontal regeneration allowed for improved, minimally invasive surgical techniques with a wider range of application and adapted to achieve multiple goals at the same time. Regenerating attachment was never the sole end point, but maintaining the patient's own natural dentition in health and esthetics is becoming a feasible goal even in cases considered challenging just a few years ago. In this article we report on the evolution of techniques and biomaterials and their application in esthetic and challenging cases.

В последние годы широкое распространение получил бесконтактный способ незаконного сбыта наркотических средств путем производства тайников-закладок с активным использованием сети Интернет. В связи с этим правоприменитель сталкивается с проблемой квалификации незаконного сбыта наркотических средств в части, касающейся момента окончания деяния при его совершении бесконтактным способом. К сожалению, квалификация преступлений по определению момента окончания сбыта наркотиков бесконтактным способом устанавливается по-разному. В статье рассмотрены различные варианты сбыта, обобщена и проанализирована судебная практика, постановление Пленума Верховного Суда Российской Федерации в рамках представленной темы и предложены правила квалификации действий, связанных со сбытом наркотических средств. Обращено внимание на момент окончания сбыта, указанного в разъяснениях Пленума Верховного Суда Российской Федерации, и на то, что в материалах уголовных дел отсутствуют именно доказательства того, что приобретателей наркотических средств подыскали сбытчики и сообщили им информацию о месте нахождения данного средства., In recent years, a non-contact method of illegal distribution of narcotic drugs through the making of caches with the active use of the Internet has become widespread. In this connection, the law enforcement officer is faced with the problems of qualifying the illegal distribution of narcotic drugs with regard to the moment the act ends when it is committed in a non-contact way. Unfortunately, the qualification of crimes regarding determination of the moment of drugs distribution end in a non-contact way can be determined in different ways. The article discusses various distribution options, summarizes and analyzes judicial practice, the decision of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation within the framework of this issue, and proposes rules for qualifying actions related to narcotic drug distribution. Attention is drawn to the end of distribution indicated in the explanations of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation and to the fact that in the files of criminal cases there is no specific evidence that the purchasers of narcotic drugs were found by the distributors and they were informed about the location of this drug., Вестник Волгоградской академии МВД России, Выпуск 1 (64) 2023, Pages 16-21

The cross sections for the natRe(γ,xn) reactions at the bremsstrahlung end-point energies of 30 MeV and 40 MeV have been measured by the activation and the off-line γ-ray spectrometric techniques using a High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector. The measured natRe(γ,xn) reaction cross sections were compared to the theoretically calculated cross sections using TALYS 1.9 and EMPIRE 3.2 computer codes. The measurements allowed the determination of the Isomeric Cross section Ratios (ICR) for the 182m,gRe and 184m,gRe isomeric pairs. In addition, we have determined a semi-empirical ICR value for the 186m,gRe isomeric pair. These results for the bremsstrahlung end-point energies of 30 MeV and 40 MeV are obtained for the first time.

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text., Background and Purpose: Randomized patent foramen ovale closure trials have used open-label end point ascertainment which increases the risk of bias and undermines confidence in the conclusions. The Gore REDUCE trial prospectively performed baseline and follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRIs) for all subjects providing an objective measure of the effectiveness of closure. Methods: We performed blinded evaluations of the presence, location, and volume of new infarct on diffusion-weighted imaging of recurrent clinical stroke or new infarct (>3 mm) on T2/fluid attenuated inversion recovery from baseline to follow-up MRI at 2 years, comparing closure to medical therapy alone. We also examined the effect of shunt size and the development of atrial fibrillation on infarct burden at follow-up. Results: At follow-up, new clinical stroke or silent MRI infarct occurred in 18/383 (4.7%) patients who underwent closure and 19/177 (10.7%) medication-only patients (relative risk, 0.44 [95% CI, 0.24–0.81], P=0.02). Clinical strokes were less common in closure patients compared with medically treated patients, 5 (1.3%) versus 12 (6.8%), P=0.001, while silent MRI infarcts were similar, 13 (3.4%) versus 7 (4.0%), P=0.81. There were no differences in number, volumes, and distribution of new infarct comparing closure patients to those treated with medication alone. There were also no differences of number, volumes, and distribution comparing silent infarcts to clinical strokes. Infarct burden was also similar for patients who developed atrial fibrillation and for those with large shunts. Conclusions: The REDUCE trial demonstrates that patent foramen ovale closure prevents recurrent brain infarction based on the objective outcome of new infarcts on MRI. Only clinical strokes were reduced by closure while silent infarctions were similar between study arms, and there were no differences in infarct volume or location comparing silent infarcts to clinical strokes. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT00738894.

A series of DC power supply converters can be described as linear affine systems with finite inputs and constrained switching frequency. In this study, a practical‐stability‐oriented general control framework with duty‐cycle‐like characteristics is deduced for such converters. First, a concept called End Point Equivalence Modulation (EPEM) is introduced to release constraints. Following this, a Control Lyapunov Function (CLF) is employed to design the switching law and the relationship between the boundary of the convergence zone and the switching frequency is derived. In addition, an optimized switching strategy is presented to halve the switching frequency without degrading the control performance, which is also helpful for reducing switching loss. Finally, a single‐phase inverter and buck converter are considered as case studies and analysis show that Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) and volt‐second balance guarantee their practical stability, respectively, which can be theoretically derived and proved under EPEM. All the proposed methods and controllers are validated both by simulations on MATLAB/Simulink and experiments in a rapid control prototype platform based on a FPGA module.

We prove that the Stokes semigroup is a bounded analytic semigroup on L σ ∞ of angle π / 2 for two-dimensional exterior domains. This result is an end point case of the L p -boundedness of the semigroup for p ∈ ( 1 , ∞ ) , established by Borchers and Varnhorn (1993). The proof is based on the non-existence result of bounded steady flows (the Stokes paradox) and some asymptotic formula for the net force of the Stokes resolvent.

A rapid analytical method for quantifying 90Sr in infant formula prior to secular equilibrium is presented. The approach is dependent on the use of two separations of 90Sr from 90Y, with the first providing an 90Y ingrowth start point and the second providing an 90Y ingrowth end point. Data were obtained at activity concentrations of approximately 6 Bq/kg and 160 Bq/kg, the latter of which is representative of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Derived Intervention Levels (DIL). Experiments were designed to collect data from ingrowth periods ranging from 16 h to 2 weeks. Activities obtained with a separation interval as low as 16 h ranged from 92.7 to 109.4% of the known value. When 90Y ingrowth was allowed to occur for 24 h or longer, the activities ranged from 93.2 to 106.2% of the known value and the precision of this group improved from 5.2 to 3.1%. The limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.5 Bq/kg using 250 g sample portions.

Field-deployable diagnostics based on cell-free systems have advanced greatly, but on-site quantification of target analytes remains a challenge. Here we demonstrate that Escherichia coli lysate-based cell-free biosensors coupled to a personal glucose monitor (PGM) can enable on-site analyte quantification, with the potential for straightforward reconfigurability to diverse types of analytes. We show that analyte-responsive regulators of transcription and translation can modulate the production of the reporter enzyme β-galactosidase, which in turn converts lactose into glucose for PGM quantification. Because glycolysis is active in the lysate and would readily deplete converted glucose, we decoupled enzyme production and glucose conversion to increase the end point signal output. However, this lysate metabolism did allow for one-pot removal of glucose present in complex samples (like human serum) without confounding target quantification. Taken together, our results show that integrating lysate-based cell-free biosensors with PGMs enables accessible target detection and quantification at the point of need.

This study examined whether the current movement follows the previous movement and whether this process is enhanced by somatosensory stimulation or is gated while retrieving and using the memory of the previously practiced target end point. Healthy humans abducted the index finger to a previously practiced target (target movement) or abducted it freely without aiming at the target (nontarget movement). The end point of the nontarget movement had a positive correlation with the previous nontarget movement only when somatosensory stimulation was given during the previous movement, indicating that the current nontarget movement follows the previous nontarget movement with somatosensory stimulation. No conclusive evidence of whether this process is gated by retrieving and using the memory of the previously practiced target was found.

Objectives Kalaf (Melasma) is an acquired facial hypermelanism. It has direct impact on patient’s quality of life and leads to development of various personality disorders. Lack of effective treatment and recurrences have drawn the attention of researcher to find alternative treatment. This study aimed to evaluate safety and efficacy of a topical Unani formulation in the management of melasma. Methods We conducted a prospective randomized controlled clinical study on the participants diagnosed with melasma. The participants (n=72) randomized into test (n=36) and control (n=36) groups. Sixty participants (n=30 in each group) completed the duration of therapy. The participants of the test group were treated with a classical Unani formulation and control group with hydroquinone 4%. The primary end point was change in mean MASI score and secondary end point was improvement in quality of life after eight weeks of treatment. Results The Unani formulation reduced 40.5% mean MASI score (17.31 ± 9.58 to 10.28 ± 5.92) in comparison to 32% reduction in mean MASI score (20.58 ± 9.49 to 13.92 ± 7.38) in the control group after eight weeks of treatment. When comparing with baseline the difference in MASI score was found statistically significant in both groups (p0.05). In addition, MQOL and DQLI also improved significantly in both groups. Conclusions This study concluded that the Unani formulation and the control drug were equally effective and safer in the management of melasma.

Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelmaking plays an important role in steelmaking process. Hence, it is necessary to study BOF steelmaking modeling. In this paper, a novel regression algorithm is proposed by using nonparallel support vector regression with weight information (WNPSVR) for the end-point prediction of BOF steelmaking. The weight information is excavated by K-nearest neighbors (KNNs) algorithm. Since the whale optimization algorithm (WOA) has the characteristics of fast convergence speed and a few adjustment parameters, WOA is applied to optimize the parameters in the objective function of WNPSVR. Compared with traditional prediction models, WNPSVR-WOA is not easy to fall into local minimum values and is insensitive to noise. Thus, the prediction and control of molten steel end-point information are more accurate. Experimental results verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed model. Within different error bounds (0.005 wt.% for carbon content model and 10°C for temperature model), the hit rates of carbon content and temperature are 89% and 95%, respectively. Meanwhile, a double hit rate of 85% is achieved. The above results conclude that our WNPSVR-WOA has important reference value for actual BOF application and can improve the steel product quality. Moreover, WNPSVR-WOA can also be used to other fields.

Shoreline change analysis is examined for around 140 km coastal belt between Paradip port in the southern and Dhamra port in the northeastern parts of Odisha using DSAS 5.0. The study area is reported of being through the severe landward movement of the sea. To examine this, multispectral satellite images obtained from 1973 to 2020 are taken into account. The vector data generated are fed into the DSAS application to figure out the rate of changes in the position of the shoreline. DSAS suggested statistical methods, i.e. Shoreline Change Envelope, Net Shoreline Movement, End Point Rate, Linear Regression Rate, and Weighted Linear Regression, are used for calculating the rate of change in shoreline positions. Also with the help of “beta forecasting”, the future shoreline positions for the period between the years 2030 and 2040 are forecasted. The mean change rate, average seaward gain, and average landward gain are found to be 1.236, 10.10, and 12.42 m/year, respectively. The highest seaward movement is measured as 1843.06 m and the highest landward movement is at 1547.5 m in the study area. The shoreline position is shifted up in an average of 286.03 m in 2/3rd (67.3%) cases of transects, where the maximum shift is 1843.06 m and the minimum being 11.58 m. The beta forecasting result is validated by collating satellite image Landsat 8 (acquired on 25.12.2020) and forecasted shoreline 2020. The results indicated that the shoreline has shifted up to 2 km from 1971 to 2019 atleast 2/3rd positions. This is such a serious concern and alerts with a strong warning of rapid shoreline changes. It further emphasizes the need for conservation and management of this coastal belt to protect coastal biodiversity.

In recent years, the number of graduates in employment has increased significantly because of a boom in the number of graduates along with the advancement of the Enrollment Expansion Plan of Colleges and Universities in China. The issues about career selection and graduate employment have been enthusiastically discussed in academic circles as these issues are constantly emphasized by all walks of life. However, academic researchers often neglect matters pertaining graduates when they are already holding positions. This study believes that being employed is not the end point, but a new start, which means that matters pertaining graduates after being employed should also be cared about. This study specifically focuses on the post adaptability of graduates after being employed. In this study, through questionnaires, a number of employed Business English majors from the graduating class of 2011 to 2016 at H university in Shaanxi Province were selected. After that, using the variables from The Fitness Subscale of Adolescent Mental Health Quality Questionnaire, the participants’ post adaptability was studied.

BACKGROUND The autogenous connective tissue graft (CTG) with coronally advanced flap (CTG+CAF) is the "gold standard" for recession defect coverage; however, researchers continue to pursue lower morbidity, more convenient and unlimited supply harvest graft substitutes, including those that could provide soft tissue volume augmentation. METHODS A randomized, controlled, double-masked comparison of a volume-stable collagen matrix (VCMX) versus CTG was conducted at four clinical investigation sites. Single, contralateral, within patient matched-pair, RT1 recession defects were treated with VCMX+CAF (test) and CTG+CAF (control). The primary efficacy end point was percent root coverage at 6 months. Secondary efficacy end points included clinical measures such as soft tissue volume, attachment level, and keratinized tissue width. Patient-reported outcomes included measures such as discomfort, esthetics, and overall satisfaction; 6-month end point results were followed for 1 year. RESULTS Thirty patients received control and test therapies, and all patients were available for follow-up measures. Average percent root coverage for CTG+CAF was 90.5% ± 14.87% versus 70.7% ± 28.26% for VCMX+CAF, P

The 1943 Sino-British treaty negotiations, although widely considered as the end point of British imperialism in China, have not been carefully studied in the current historical works. The negotiat...

The “nail bitting” is a behaviour, which is not very adaptive, and it is presented by some subjects. This pathology provoques on them the necessity of bitting their nails compulsively. If it is not treated precociously tends to perpetuate itself in time, and it is a tendency which is not decreasing with the age. It can be also increased in situations of stress and anxiety. This study will analyze the cognitive-conductual intervention with an adult of 25 years old, who is diagnosed of A.D.D.. The main objective of this research responds to the necessity of eradicate the behaviour of biting his nails during this pandemic stage. The end point of this investigation is to guarantee the fulfillment of the most basic recommendations on the COVID-19 protocol. This type of conduct are very dangerous because of the way the virus is mainly transmitted, which is through the hands, the nail bitting is overly frequent in patients with development issues, particularly those who are afflicted of A.D.D. like ours subject. The intervention who has used cognitive-conductual therapy with negative and positive reinforcers besides infographies of “Consejeria de Sanidad de la Junta de Extremadura” emphasising the importance of the basics health measures and hand hygiene has had a high rate of success. The efficacy and efficiency of the therapy is endorsed by itself and it has evolved in a 90 days’ period and which was implemented during the home comfinement provoqued by the COVID-19 pandemic in March, April, May and June. The results demonstrated a slowly decrease of the frequency of nail bitting, acquiring an exponential rate since the first week until the complete eradication in the last weeks of treatment.

Aim: We aimed to assess the safety and feasibility of using CardioMEMS monitoring in patients before and after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) surgery. Patients & methods: Ten patients accepted for elective LVAD surgery were included, received a CardioMEMS at baseline and were categorized based on mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) ≤25 mmHg (n = 4) or mPAP >25 mmHg [n = 6]) before LVAD surgery. Results: The combined end point of all-cause mortality, acute kidney injury and/or renal replacement therapy, and right ventricular failure occurred more often in patients with an mPAP >25 mmHg (83 vs 0%, p = 0.017). Conclusion: This pilot study demonstrates that combining CardioMEMS monitoring with LVAD therapy is safe and generates the hypothesis that patients with an mPAP >25 mmHg before LVAD surgery identify a very high-risk group for adverse clinical outcomes.

In order to predict the storage life of a certain type of HTPB (hydroyl-terminated polybutadiene) coating at 25 °C and analyze the influence of pre-strain on the storage life, the accelerated aging tests of HTPB coating at 40 °C, 50 °C, 60 °C, 70 °C with the pre-strain of 0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, respectively were carried out. The variation regularity of the change of crosslinking density was analyzed and the aging model of HTPB coating under pre-strained thermally-accelerated aging was proposed. The storage life of HTPB coating at 25 °C was estimated by using the Berthelot equation as the end point of the aging life with a 30% decrease in maximum elongation. The results showed that the change of crosslinking density of HTPB coating increased with the increase of aging temperature and aging time, and decreased with the increase of pre-strain. Under 0% pre-strain, the relationship between the change of crosslinking density of HTPB coating and the aging time can be described by the logarithmic model with the confidence probability greater than 99%.The stress relaxation phenomenon existed under 3%, 6% and 9% pre-strained aging. The aging model considering chemical aging and pre-strain was established with the confidence probability greater than 90%. The storage life of HTPB coating was 15.2935 years at 25 °C under 0% pre-strain, which was reduced by 13.9007%, 75.6949% and 89.7859% under 3%, 6% and 9% pre-strain, respectively. The existence of pre-strain has a serious impact on the storage life of HTPB coating, therefore, the pre-strain should be avoided as much as possible during the actual storage.

Mengmeng Wang,1,* Zepeng Zhang,2,3,* Jia Mi,4 Guoqiang Wang,4 Lulu Tian,1 Yunyun Zhao,1 Xiaomin Li,2,5 Xiangyan Li,6 Xiuge Wang4 1College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China; 2Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China; 3College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China; 5Acupuncture and Massage Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China; 6Jilin Ginseng Academy, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiangyan LiJilin Ginseng Academy, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 431 86177387Email xiangyan_li1981@163.comXiuge WangDepartment of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 431 86177387Email xiuge_w@163.comAims/Introduction: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common complication of diabetes. At present, there is no comprehensive summary of the clinical trials related to DPN. In this article, we summarized the basic characteristics of the interventional clinical trials pertaining to DPN to determine the current status of research in this field and the existing issues.Materials and Methods: We searched the World Health Organization International Clinical Trial Registration Platform (ICTRP), PubMed and Web of Science for clinical trials from 2005 to April 2021 and extracted 149 registered and 459 published clinical trials on DPN. We summarized the characteristics of the clinical trials, including the source registration, recruitment status, stage, age group, allocation method, intervention, end point classification, funding source, and treatment.Results: After excluding noninterventional and nontreatment trials, 149 registered clinical trials out of 292 records from 12 registration centers and 459 published articles were included in this study. Among the registered trials, 43% had been completed, and 34.4% had been published in peer-reviewed journals. Among these trials, more than half used random allocation and blinded placebo-controlled methodologies. A total of 40.3% of the trials were multicenter studies, 63.8% of the treatments were drug therapies, and the endpoint classifications of 49% were efficacy and safety. Of the 459 published interventional clinical trials on DPN, 69.7% of the trials used drug treatments; more than half were randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials; 94.1% had positive outcomes; 46.4% had a target size of 50; and 22.9% were multicenter.Conclusion: This paper systematically summarizes the current status of interventional trials on DPN registered in the ICTRP and published clinical trials and provides a reference for the development of high-quality intervention strategies for DPN in the future.Keywords: diabetic peripheral neuropathy, clinical interventional trials, ICTRP, clinical characteristics

Design of next-generation therapeutics comes with new challenges and emulates technology and methods to meet them. Characterizing the binding of either natural ligands or therapeutic proteins to cell-surface receptors, for which relevant recombinant versions may not exist, represents one of these challenges. Here we report the characterization of the interaction of five different antibody therapeutics (Trastuzumab, Rituximab, Panitumumab, Pertuzumab, and Cetuximab) with their cognate target receptors using LigandTracer. The method offers the advantage of being performed on live cells, alleviating the need for a recombinant source of the receptor. Furthermore, time-resolved measurements, in addition to allowing the determination of the affinity of the studied drug to its target, give access to the binding kinetics thereby providing a full characterization of the system. In this study, we also compared time-resolved LigandTracer data with end-point KD determination from flow cytometry experiments and hypothesize that discrepancies between these two approaches, when they exist, generally come from flow cytometry titration curves being acquired prior to full equilibration of the system. Our data, however, show that knowledge of the kinetics of the interaction allows to reconcile the data obtained by flow cytometry and LigandTracer and demonstrate the complementarity of these two methods.