25 results on '"Encholirium spectabile"'
Search Results
2. Post-seminal development and cryopreservation of endemic or endangered bromeliads
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SIMONE S.S. SILVA, EVERTON H. SOUZA, FERNANDA V.D. SOUZA, DANIELA A.S. MAX, MONICA L. ROSSI, and MARIA A.P.C. COSTA
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Encholirium spectabile ,Hohenbergia castellanosii ,Vriesea bahiana ,Bromeliaceae ,Seed desiccation ,Germplasm conservation ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Vriesea bahiana, Hohenbergia castellanosii and Encholirium spectabile are endemic Brazilian species that are considered endemic or endangered. Development of strategies to conserve these species is important to prevent irreversible genetic erosion. The objective of this study was to evaluate the post-seminal development and seed cryopreservation of three endemic or in danger of extinction bromeliad species in Brazil, to obtain a protocol that can safeguard the genetic variability of these species. In the seed cryopreservation assay, we evaluated five desiccation periods. The seeds in the cryotubes were taken from the desiccator and immediately plunged into liquid nitrogen. For the analysis of post-seminal development, seeds in different germination stages were collected and evaluated by light and scanning electron microscopy. Vriesea bahiana seeds frozen in liquid nitrogen presented almost 100% germination, indicating dormancy break of this species. Vriesea bahiana can be cryopreserved with 5.9% water content after being dried for 24 hours. Hohenbergia castellanosii and E. spectabile seeds did not need to be desiccated before being cryopreserved. The most relevant morphological traits for differentiation of genera and subfamilies of Bromeliaceae are the shape and type of seed appendages. In this study, all three species presented well-differentiated size and shape of their structures.
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- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. New occurrence records of Bromeliaceae for the state of Maranhão, northeastern Brazil.
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Guarçoni, Elidio A. E., Sousa, Jeferson D. S., Ferreira, Alessandro W. C., Junior, Wagner R. S., Oliveira, Miguel S., and Silva, Eduardo O.
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TILLANDSIA , *BROMELIACEAE , *TAXONOMY , *SPECIES - Abstract
We report three species of Bromeliaceae (Encholirium spectabile Mart. ex Schult. & Schult.f., Pitcairnia burchellii Mez, and Tillandsia bulbosa Hook.) for the first time from Maranhão, northeastern Brazil, based on our fieldwork. Data on species' morphology, taxonomy, ecology, and geographic distribution are included. Our new data add to the knowledge to the flora of Maranhão and expand the distribution of three bromeliad species in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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4. Pollen flow within and among isolated populations of two rare, self-compatible plant species from inselbergs of Northeast Brazil.
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Wanderley, Artur M., dos Santos, Eloyza Karoline R., Galetto, Leonardo, Benko-Iseppon, Ana Maria, and Machado, Isabel Cristina S.
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PLANT breeding ,PLANT species ,POLLEN ,POLLINATORS ,POLLINATION ,SELF-pollination ,ENDANGERED plants ,FRUIT seeds - Abstract
Endangered species in isolated habitats (e.g., inselbergs) may escape mate limitation during patch colonization through autonomous self-pollination. After colonization, the higher the number of plants breeding randomly within populations through cross-pollination, the lower is genetic erosion caused by genetic drift and inbreeding. Additionally, pollen flow among patches can increase population genetic variation [natural genetic recovery (NGR)]. Autonomous self- and cross-pollination were investigated within small isolated populations of the rare hummingbird-pollinated Ameroglossum pernambucense and A. manoel-felixii from inselbergs of Northeastern Brazil. We also used A. manoel-felixii and the widespread Encholirium spectabile (mainly bat-pollinated) to compare potential for NGR. In both Ameroglossum species, we performed controlled pollination experiments to test for autonomous self-pollination. Additionally, we compared fruit and seed production (reproductive output) between flowers exposed to and isolated from pollinators to test the potential for cross-pollination. We assessed the extent of cross-pollination within populations, using Wright's genetic neighborhood model. In A. manoel-felixii and E. spectabile, we tested the potential for NGR among three nearby inselbergs. Pollen movement was tracked using fluorescent dyes. Populations of both Ameroglossum species self-pollinate, but pollinators increased fecundity, revealing potential for cross-pollination. Nonetheless, the area comprising random cross-pollination corresponded to ~ 3% of the area occupied by the Ameroglossum populations, suggesting poor capacity to counteract genetic erosion. In contrast, although both species showed potential for NGR, bat pollination in E. spectabile may facilitate NGR in more remote populations. This study suggests the predominant role of cross-pollination among small, isolated populations as the main force against genetic erosion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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5. Floral visitors and potential pollinators of a rupicolous bromeliad (Pitcairnioideae) in the Brazilian semiarid.
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da Silva Jorge, Jaqueiuto, Rocha, Luciana Helena Silva, Jorge, Jean Patrick Silva, Sousa, Pedro Henrique Pierote, Santos, Roberto Lima, and Freire, Eliza Maria Xavier
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BROMELIACEAE ,POLLINATORS ,ARID regions - Abstract
Copyright of Neotropical Biology & Conservation is the property of Pensoft Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2018
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6. Non-Polar Natural Products from Bromelia laciniosa, Neoglaziovia variegata and Encholirium spectabile (Bromeliaceae).
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Juvik, Ole Johan, Holmelid, Bjarte, Francis, George W., Lie Andersen, Heidi, de Oliveira, Ana Paula, Gonçalves de Oliveira Júnior, Raimundo, Guedes da Silva Almeida, Jackson Roberto, and Fossen, Torgils
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EFFECT of drought on plants , *BROMELIACEAE , *FOOD safety , *NATURAL products , *METABOLOMICS - Abstract
Extensive regional droughts are already a major problem on all inhabited continents and severe regional droughts are expected to become an increasing and extended problem in the future. Consequently, extended use of available drought resistant food plants should be encouraged. Bromelia laciniosa, Neoglaziovia variegata and Encholirium spectabile are excellent candidates in that respect because they are established drought resistant edible plants from the semi-arid Caatinga region. From a food safety perspective, increased utilization of these plants would necessitate detailed knowledge about their chemical constituents. However, their chemical compositions have previously not been determined. For the first time, the non-polar constituents of B. laciniosa, N. variegata and E. spectabile have been identified. This is the first thorough report on natural products from N. variegata, E. spectabile, and B. laciniosa. Altogether, 20 non-polar natural products were characterized. The identifications were based on hyphenated gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS) and supported by 1D and 2D Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) plant metabolomics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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7. Antiulcer activity of ethanolic extract of Encholirium spectabile Mart. ex Schult & Schult f. (Bromeliaceae) in rodents
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Katharinne I Moraes de Carvalho, Hélio B Fernandes, Flávia D Frota Machado, Irisdalva S Oliveira, Francisco A Oliveira, Paulo Humberto M Nunes, Julianeli T Lima, Jackson R G Silva Almeida, and Rita C Meneses Oliveira
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antioxidant ,antiulcer activity ,Encholirium spectabile ,Bromeliaceae ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
This study evaluated the antiulcer activity of an ethanolic extract of Encholirium spectabile (ES-EtOH) by using different standard experimental models of induced acute gastric ulceration. ES-EtOH (100 mg/kg p.o) protected the gastric mucosa against ulceration that was induced by absolute ethanol (53%), ethanol/HCl (75 %), ibuprofen (52 %) and ischemia/reperfusion (43 %). It also restored catalase activity and non-protein sulfhydryl group concentration in the gastric wall of mice that had been treated with ethanol. The pre-treatment of mice with N-nitro-L-arginine (70 mg/kg i.p.) abolished the protective activity of ES-EtOH, which indicates that prostaglandins, antioxidant compounds and nitric oxide synthase activity are involved in the gastroprotective activity of the extract.
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- 2010
8. Non-Polar Natural Products from Bromelia laciniosa, Neoglaziovia variegata and Encholirium spectabile (Bromeliaceae)
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Ole Johan Juvik, Bjarte Holmelid, George W. Francis, Heidi Lie Andersen, Ana Paula de Oliveira, Raimundo Gonçalves de Oliveira Júnior, Jackson Roberto Guedes da Silva Almeida, and Torgils Fossen
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Bromelia laciniosa ,Neoglaziovia variegata ,Encholirium spectabile ,nonpolar natural products ,Hyphenated GC-HRMS ,2D NMR plant metabolomics ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Extensive regional droughts are already a major problem on all inhabited continents and severe regional droughts are expected to become an increasing and extended problem in the future. Consequently, extended use of available drought resistant food plants should be encouraged. Bromelia laciniosa, Neoglaziovia variegata and Encholirium spectabile are excellent candidates in that respect because they are established drought resistant edible plants from the semi-arid Caatinga region. From a food safety perspective, increased utilization of these plants would necessitate detailed knowledge about their chemical constituents. However, their chemical compositions have previously not been determined. For the first time, the non-polar constituents of B. laciniosa, N. variegata and E. spectabile have been identified. This is the first thorough report on natural products from N. variegata, E. spectabile, and B. laciniosa. Altogether, 20 non-polar natural products were characterized. The identifications were based on hyphenated gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS) and supported by 1D and 2D Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) plant metabolomics.
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- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Macambiras, the most northeastern of the xerophiles: taxonomy, distribution and potential
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Everton Hilo de Souza, Aurélio José Antunes de Carvalho, Erasto Viana Silva Gama, Antônio Ramos da Hora Neto, and Lidyanne Yuriko Saleme Aona
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Environmental sciences ,caatinga ,Agriculture (General) ,use potential ,encholirium spectabile ,GE1-350 ,bromeliaceae ,bromelia laciniosa ,S1-972 - Abstract
Bromelia laciniosa and Encholirium spectabile (Bromeliaceae) have vernacular names as macambira. Both species are restricted to the Northeast of Brazil, mainly in the Caatinga domain or in ecotonal regions with the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado. Macambira species have been reported for different uses in rural communities, ranging from ornamental plants, hedges, human and animal food, medicinal application, and raw material to manufacture handicrafts and utensils, besides ecological interaction with different animals. This study aims to present the taxonomic description, distribution data, habitat, phenology, taxonomic comments, and potential uses of B. laciniosa and E. spectabile. Bromelia laciniosa belonging to the subfamily Bromelioideae and Encholirium spectabile belongs to the subfamily Pitcairnioideae. Both species are xerophilous; i.e, they have morphological and physiological structures adapted to the semiarid climate. Bromelia laciniosa is a terrestrial species and can also inhabit rocky outcrops where organic matter is found, whereas Encholirium spectabile is a strictly rupicolous species. Given the importance of the species to the Northeast of Brazil, macambiras are also reported in visual arts, literary works, song lyrics, family surnames, nicknames, names of municipality, villages, riverside, waterfalls, and a scientific journal.
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- 2021
10. Post-seminal development and cryopreservation of endemic or endangered bromeliads
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Mônica Lanzoni Rossi, Everton Hilo de Souza, Maria A.P.C. Costa, Daniela A.S. Max, Simone Sacramento dos Santos Silva, Fernanda Vidigal Duarte Souza, SIMONE S.S. SILVA, EVERTON H. SOUZA, FERNANDA VIDIGAL DUARTE SOUZA, CNPMF, DANIELA A.S. MAX, MONICA L. ROSSI, and MARIA A. P. C. COSTA.
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Bromeliaceae ,Encholirium ,Science ,Vriesea ,Endangered species ,Germination ,Encholirium spectabile ,Germplasm conservation ,Criopreservação ,Desiccation ,Genetic erosion ,Seed desiccation ,Cryopreservation ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,food and beverages ,biology.organism_classification ,Horticulture ,Hohenbergia castellanosii ,Seeds ,Dormancy ,Vriesea bahiana ,Hohenbergia ,Brazil - Abstract
Vriesea bahiana, Hohenbergia castellanosii and Encholirium spectabile are endemic Brazilian species that are considered endemic or endangered. Development of strategies to conserve these species is important to prevent irreversible genetic erosion. The objective of this study was to evaluate the post-seminal development and seed cryopreservation of three endemic or in danger of extinction bromeliad species in Brazil, to obtain a protocol that can safeguard the genetic variability of these species. In the seed cryopreservation assay, we evaluated five desiccation periods. The seeds in the cryotubes were taken from the desiccator and immediately plunged into liquid nitrogen. For the analysis of post-seminal development, seeds in different germination stages were collected and evaluated by light and scanning electron microscopy. Vriesea bahiana seeds frozen in liquid nitrogen presented almost 100% germination, indicating dormancy break of this species. Vriesea bahiana can be cryopreserved with 5.9% water content after being dried for 24 hours. Hohenbergia castellanosii and E. spectabile seeds did not need to be desiccated before being cryopreserved. The most relevant morphological traits for differentiation of genera and subfamilies of Bromeliaceae are the shape and type of seed appendages. In this study, all three species presented well-differentiated size and shape of their structures. Made available in DSpace on 2021-11-23T02:11:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Post-seminal.pdf: 2464629 bytes, checksum: 1b5e3d18be7e4086093b2717fee94bf0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021
- Published
- 2021
11. Actividades biológicas de plantas de la familia Bromeliaceae y de la especie Encholirium spectabile Mart. ex Schult. & Schult. f
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Suárez, Jorge Andrés García, Calumby, Rodrigo José Nunes, Oliveira, Fabianny Torres de, Vieira, Daniglayse Santos, Oliveira, Jayane Omena de, Moreira, Rossana Teotônio de Farias, Bastos, Maria Lysete de Assis, and Veríssimo, Regina Célia Sales Santos
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Bromeliaceae ,Encholirium spectabile ,Plantas medicinales ,Medicinal plants ,Atividade antimicrobiana ,Actividad antimicrobiana ,Antimicrobial activity ,Plantas medicinais - Abstract
Bromeliaceae comprises a numerous group of plant species that have a vast biological potential, still little studied. In view of this, this study aimed to identify the scientific evidence about the biological potential of plants of the Bromeliaceae family and the species Encholirium spectabile Mart. ex Schult. & Schult. f. It is an integrative literature review in the Scopus, Scifinder, Medline, Web of Science databases and in the electronic libraries Sciencedirect and Scielo, in the period between 2013 and 2019. As a result, a total of 18 articles were selected, after application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of the studies found, those that were identified in greater quantity are related to antimicrobial activity. Bromelia pinguin, Bromelia laciniosa, Neoglaziovia variegata, Encholirium spectabile, among other species, showed microbicidal activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Some studies have also demonstrated the anti-inflammatory activity of Bromelia balansae, the antiulcerogenic activity of Ananas ananassoides and the anti-rheumatic and antioxidant properties of Encholirium spectabile. In addition to the aforementioned properties, the photoprotective, antinociceptive, antiophidic, anticoagulant potential, among others, were identified, and the relationship between these activities and the presence of secondary metabolites was established. From searches in the literature, it was possible to find numerous researches that support the use and continuous study of medicinal plants as an alternative method to current medicinal practices. With this study, we want to contribute to the expansion of knowledge about the biological potential of the Bromeliaceae family. Las bromeliáceas comprenden un grupo numeroso de especies de plantas que tienen un gran potencial biológico, aún poco estudiado. Por ello, este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar las evidencias científicas disponibles sobre el potencial biológico de plantas de la familia Bromeliaceae y de la especie vegetal Encholirium spectabile Mart. ex Schult. & Schult. F. Se trata de una revisión bibliográfica integrativa, realizada en las bases de datos Scopus, Scifinder, Medline, Web of Science y en las bibliotecas electrónicas Sciencedirect y Scielo, realizada en el período comprendido entre 2013 y 2019. Como resultado, se seleccionaron un total de 18 artículos, después de la aplicación de los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. De los estudios encontrados, los que se identificaron en mayor cantidad están relacionados con la actividad antimicrobiana. Bromelia pinguin, Bromelia laciniosa, Neoglaziovia variegata, Encholirium spectabile, entre otras especies, mostraron actividad microbicida contra bacterias Gram positivas y Gram negativas, incluyendo Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa y Escherichia coli. Algunos estudios también han demostrado la actividad antiinflamatoria de Bromelia balansae, la actividad antiulcerogénica de Ananas ananassoides y las propiedades antirreumáticas y antioxidantes de Encholirium spectabile. Además de las propiedades antes mencionadas, se identificó el potencial fotoprotector, antinociceptivo, antioofídico, anticoagulante, entre otros, y se estableció la relación entre estas actividades y la presencia de metabolitos secundarios. A partir de búsquedas en la literatura, fue posible encontrar numerosas investigaciones que avalan el uso y estudio continuo de las plantas medicinales como método alternativo a las prácticas medicinales actuales. Con este estudio queremos contribuir a la expansión del conocimiento sobre el potencial biológico de la familia Bromeliaceae. Bromeliaceae compreende um numeroso grupo de espécies vegetais possuidoras de um vasto potencial biológico, ainda pouco estudado. Diante disto, este estudo teve por objetivo identificar as evidências científicas acerca do potencial biológico de plantas da família Bromeliaceae e da espécie Encholirium spectabile Mart. ex Schult. & Schult. f. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura nas bases de dados Scopus, Scifinder, Medline, Web of Science e nas bibliotecas eletrônicas Sciencedirect e Scielo, no período compreendido entre 2013 e 2019. Como resultados, foram selecionados um total de 18 artigos, após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Dos estudos encontrados, os que foram identificados em maior quantidade estão relacionados a atividade antimicrobiana. Bromelia pinguin, Bromelia laciniosa, Neoglaziovia variegata, Encholirium spectabile, entre outras espécies, apresentaram atividade microbicida frente a bactérias Gram-positivas e Gram-negativas, entre elas Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Escherichia coli. Alguns estudos também demonstraram a atividade anti-inflamatória de Bromelia balansae, antiulcerogênica de Ananas ananassoides e antirreumática e antioxidante de Encholirium spectabile. Além das propriedades mencionadas, foi identificado o potencial fotoprotetor, antinociceptivo, antiofídico, anticoagulante entre outras, e foi estabelecida a relação entre estas atividades e a presença de metabólitos secundários. A partir das buscas na literatura foi possível encontrar numerosas pesquisas que respaldam a utilização e o estudo contínuo de plantas como método alternativo às práticas medicinais atuais. Com este estudo, deseja-se contribuir para a ampliação do conhecimento a respeito do potencial biológico da família Bromeliaceae.
- Published
- 2020
12. Atividades biológicas de plantas da família Bromeliaceae e da espécie Encholirium spectabile Mart. ex Schult. & Schult. f
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Maria Lysete de Assis Bastos, Jorge Andrés García Suárez, Daniglayse Santos Vieira, Regina Célia Sales Santos Veríssimo, Rossana Teotônio de Farias Moreira, Jayane Omena de Oliveira, Fabianny Torres de Oliveira, and Rodrigo José Nunes Calumby
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atividade antimicrobiana ,Encholirium ,plantas medicinais ,lcsh:Social Sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,Medicinal plants ,lcsh:Science (General) ,Bromelia pinguin ,030304 developmental biology ,General Environmental Science ,Alternative methods ,Bromelia laciniosa ,0303 health sciences ,lcsh:LC8-6691 ,biology ,Traditional medicine ,lcsh:Special aspects of education ,encholirium spectabile ,Bromeliaceae ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,bromeliaceae ,Bromelia balansae ,lcsh:H ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Ananas ananassoides ,lcsh:Q1-390 - Abstract
Bromeliaceae compreende um numeroso grupo de espécies vegetais possuidoras de um vasto potencial biológico, ainda pouco estudado. Diante disto, este estudo teve por objetivo identificar as evidências científicas acerca do potencial biológico de plantas da família Bromeliaceae e da espécie Encholirium spectabile Mart. ex Schult. & Schult. f. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura nas bases de dados Scopus, Scifinder, Medline, Web of Science e nas bibliotecas eletrônicas Sciencedirect e Scielo, no período compreendido entre 2013 e 2019. Como resultados, foram selecionados um total de 18 artigos, após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Dos estudos encontrados, os que foram identificados em maior quantidade estão relacionados a atividade antimicrobiana. Bromelia pinguin, Bromelia laciniosa, Neoglaziovia variegata, Encholirium spectabile, entre outras espécies, apresentaram atividade microbicida frente a bactérias Gram-positivas e Gram-negativas, entre elas Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Escherichia coli. Alguns estudos também demonstraram a atividade anti-inflamatória de Bromelia balansae, antiulcerogênica de Ananas ananassoides e antirreumática e antioxidante de Encholirium spectabile. Além das propriedades mencionadas, foi identificado o potencial fotoprotetor, antinociceptivo, antiofídico, anticoagulante entre outras, e foi estabelecida a relação entre estas atividades e a presença de metabólitos secundários. A partir das buscas na literatura foi possível encontrar numerosas pesquisas que respaldam a utilização e o estudo contínuo de plantas como método alternativo às práticas medicinais atuais. Com este estudo, deseja-se contribuir para a ampliação do conhecimento a respeito do potencial biológico da família Bromeliaceae.
- Published
- 2020
13. Antinociceptive effect of Encholirium spectabile: A Bromeliaceae from the Brazilian caatinga biome.
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Gomes de Lima-Saraiva, Sarah Raquel, Silva, Juliane Cabral, Cardoso Branco, Carla Rodrigues, Branco, Alexsandro, Cavalcanti Amorim, Elba Lúcia, and Guedes da Silva Almeida, Jackson Roberto
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ANALGESICS , *BROMELIACEAE , *BIOMES , *CHROMATOGRAMS , *PHENOLS - Abstract
Background: Encholirium spectabile is a species found in outcrops rocky throughout the Brazilian Caatinga. Objective: This study was carried out to evaluate the antinociceptive effects of ethanolic extract of the leaves from E. spectabile (Es-EtOH) in mice using chemical and thermal models of nociception. Material and Methods: HPLC was used to determine the fingerprint chromatogram. The Es-EtOH was examined for its antinociceptive activity at the doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/ kg intraperitoneal (i.p.). The evaluation of antinociceptive activity was carried out by the acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin and hot plate tests in mice. Rota-rod test was used for the evaluation of motor coordination. Results: In the acetic acid-induced writhing test, the Es-EtOH (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, i.p.) reduced the number of writhings by 68.59, 79.33 and 65.28%, respectively. Additionally, Es-EtOH (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, i.p.) decreased by 34.14, 52.61 and 60.97% the paw licking time in the first phase, as well as 89.56, 79.90 and 96.71% in the second phase of the formalin test, respectively. Es-EtOH also showed effect in the hot plate test, since increased the latency time at dose of 100 mg/kg after 60 minutes. In addition, Es-EtOH did not impair motor coordination. The presence of phenolic compounds in the extract was confirmed using HPLC. These results indicate that Es-EtOH has antinociceptive activity, probably of peripheral origin. The mechanism involved is not completely understood but, at least in part there is the participation of opioid receptors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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14. Actividade antibacteriana, antioxidante y citotóxica de extrato etanólico y fracciones de Encholirium spectabile Mart. ex Shult. & Shult. f. (Macambira da flecha)
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García Suárez, Jorge Andrés, Veríssimo, Regina Célia Sales Santos, Bastos, Maria Lysete de Assis, Moreira , Rossana Teotonio de Farias, and Alvino, Valter
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Encholirium spectabile ,Anti-infecciosos ,Antioxidant activity ,Cytotoxic activity ,Antitoxinas ,Atividade antimicrobiana ,Antioxidantes ,Antimicrobial activity ,CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM [CNPQ] - Abstract
Encholirium spectabile (Macambira da flecha) is a plant species mainly used by communities of scarce socioeconomic resources in the Brazilian Caatinga as a nutritional, food source and for the treatment of diseases. The objective of this research was to determine the antimicrobial, healing and cytotoxic potential of ethanolic extracts from the leaf, thorn, bark and root and their fractions, of the E. spectabile plant species. The plant was collected in the municipality of Olho D'água do Casado, in Alagoas. Leaves, thorns, bark and roots were cut, separated and subjected to the cold maceration method to produce ethanol extracts. Subsequently, fractionation and phytochemical analysis of the obtained extracts were carried out. Once the fractions were obtained, the Broth Microdilution test was performed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration. Strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Shigella flexneri were tested. From the results, fractions with the best inhibitory concentrations were chosen and biological tests in vitro and in vivo were performed to determine the biological potential of this species. The identification of the antioxidant potential was carried out using the free radical scavenging method and the evaluation of the antioxidant potential was carried out by means of the acute toxicity test of Artemia salina sp. The broth microdilution test demonstrated high and moderate inhibitory activity against Gram positive strains for the FA fractions 31μg / mL and FH 125 μg/mL. The FA fractions 250 μg/mL and FM 500 μg/mL, with moderate and low antimicrobial activity, respectively. Phytochemical analyzes showed the presence of two main metabolic families: phenolic and terpenoid compounds. The free radical scavenging method showed percentages greater than 80% when testing FH in concentrations from 30 μg/mL, 40 μg/mL and 50 μg/mL and percentages greater than 80% and very close to 90% when tested on FA in concentrations of 20 μg/mL, 30μg / mL, 40μg / mL and 50 μg/mL. In the acute toxicity test, of A. salina using FA, FM, FH and FA in the concentrations of 2000 μg/mL, 1000 μ /mL, 500 μg/mL and 250 μg/mL it was proved that the samples were not toxic. Encholirium spectabile (Macambira da flecha) é uma espécie vegetal, principalmente, utilizada por comunidades de escassos recursos socioeconômicos da Caatinga brasileira como fonte nutricional, alimentícia e para o tratamento de doenças. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi determinar o potencial antimicrobiano, cicatrizante e citotóxico de extratos etanólicos da folha, espinho, casca e raiz e de suas frações, da espécie vegetal E. spectabile. A planta foi coletada no município de Olho D'água do Casado, em Alagoas. Folhas, espinhos, casca e raiz foram cortadas, separadas e submetidas ao método de maceração em frio para a produção de extratos etanólicos. Posteriormente, foi realizado o fracionamento e análises fitoquímica dos extratos obtidos. Obtidas as frações, realizou-se o teste de Microdiluição em Caldo para determinação da concentração inibitória mínima. Testaram-se cepas de Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Shigella flexneri. A partir dos resultados foram escolhidas as frações com as melhores concentrações inibitórias e realizados ensaios biológicos in vitro e in vivo para determinação do potencial biológico desta espécie. A identificação do potencial antioxidante foi realizada a partir do método de seqüestro de radicais livres e a avaliação do potencial antioxidante foi realizada por meio do ensaio de toxicidade aguda de Artemia salina sp. O teste de microdiluição em caldo demonstrou alta e moderada atividade inibitória contra cepas Gram positivas para as frações FA da raiz 31 μg/mL e FH da casca 125 μg/mL. Já as frações FA da folha 250 μg/mL e FMf 500 μg/mL, moderada e baixa atividade antimicrobiana, respectivamente. As análises fitoquímicas mostraram a presença de duas principais famílias metabólicas: compostos fenólicos e terpenóides. O método de seqüestro de radicais livres evidenciou porcentagens superiores a 80% quando testada a FHc em concentrações a partir dos 30 μg/mL, 40 μg/mL e 50 μg/mL e porcentagens superiores a 80% e muito próximos de 90% quando testada a FA da raiz nas concentrações de 20 μg/mL, 30 μg/mL, 40 μg/mL e 50 μg/mL. No ensaio de toxicidade aguda, de A. salina utilizando as FA e FM da Folha, FH da casca e FA da raiz nas concentrações de 2000 μg/mL, 1000 μg/mL, 500 μg/mL e 250 μg/mL comprovou-se que as amostras não foram tóxicas.
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- 2020
15. Dried extracts of Encholirium spectabile (Bromeliaceae) present antioxidant and photoprotective activities in vitro.
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Gonçalves de Oliveira Jr., Raimundo, Rocha Souza, Grasielly, Leite Guimarães, Amanda, de Oliveira, Ana Paula, Silva Morais, Amanda Caroline, Cavalcante da Cruz Araújo, Edigênia, Pereira Nunes, Xirley, and Guedes da Silva Almeida, Jackson Roberto
- Subjects
- *
PLANT extracts , *ANTIOXIDANTS , *ALUMINUM chloride , *BUTYLATED hydroxyanisole , *SPECTROPHOTOMETRY , *IN vitro studies , *FLAVONOIDS - Abstract
The antioxidant and photoprotective activities of dried extracts from the leaves of Encholirium spectabile were investigated. It was also evaluated the total phenolic and flavonoid contents by the FolineCiocalteu and aluminum chloride methods, respectively. Antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated by using of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging and β-caroteneelinoleic acid bleaching and compared with ascorbic acid, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) used as reference compounds. The photoprotective effect was evaluated by the spectrophotometric method. The most significant total phenolic and flavonoid contents was of 188.50 ± 27.50 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g and 129.70 ± 4.59 mg of catechin equivalent/g, respectively, for chloroform fraction (Es-CHCl3). The Es-CHCl3 also presented the best antioxidant activity (IC50 25.35 ± 4.35 mg/ml) for DPPH scavenging. The ethanol extract (Es-EtOH), Es-CHCl3 and the fraction ethyl acetate (Es-AcOEt) showed characteristic absorption bands in regions UVB and UVA in a concentration-dependent manner. Es-CHCl3 presented the highest sun protection factor SPF (8.89 ± 2.11). It shows the possibility to use this extract as sunscreen in pharmaceutical preparations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Living among thorns: herpetofaunal community (Anura and Squamata) associated to the rupicolous bromeliad Encholirium spectabile (Pitcairnioideae) in the Brazilian semi-arid Caatinga
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Roberto Lima Santos, Raul Fernandes Dantas Sales, Eliza Maria Xavier Freire, and Jaqueiuto da Silva Jorge
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0106 biological sciences ,Bromeliaceae ,Reptilia ,Squamata ,Encholirium ,Liliopsida ,Foraging ,010607 zoology ,Pitcairnioideae ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Amphibia ,Encholirium spectabile ,Amphibians ,lcsh:Zoology ,Animalia ,lcsh:QL1-991 ,Chordata ,Plantae ,Transect ,biology ,associated fauna ,Ecology ,Poales ,habitat use ,biology.organism_classification ,Arid ,reptiles ,Tracheophyta ,Habitat ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Anura ,Amphibians associated fauna Bromeliaceae habitat use reptiles - Abstract
Bromeliads are important habitats for reptiles and amphibians, and are constantly used as shelter, refuge, foraging or thermoregulation sites due to their foliar architecture, which allows for constant maintenance of humidity and temperature. This study aimed to identify the herpetofauna inhabiting the non-phytotelmata rupicolous bromeliad Encholirium spectabile Mart. ex Schult. & Schult.f. and to analyze the microhabitat usage of these bromeliads by different species in the Caatinga of northeastern Brazil. From January 2011 to August 2012, we collected data by active search throughout three paralel transects in a rock outcrop in the municipality of Santa Maria, state of Rio Grande do Norte. We recorded four species of anuran amphibians, six lizards, and seven snakes in the bromeliads. The average air temperature was lower and air humidity higher inside than outside the bromeliads, and bromeliads at the rock outcrop borders had lower temperatures and higher humidity than those at the center. We found a significant difference in the distribution of individuals throughout the rock outcrop, with most specimens found at the borders. We also found significant differences regarding the use of each microhabitat by the taxonomic groups, with lizards and snakes using green leaves and dry leaves evenly, along with fewer records in inflorescence stems, and anurans mainly using green leaves, with few records on dry leaves, and no records in the inflorescence stems. This study highlights rupicolous bromeliads as key elements in the conservation and maintenance of amphibians and reptiles in the rock outcrops of Brazilian semi-arid Caatinga.
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- 2020
17. Non-Polar Natural Products from Bromelia laciniosa, Neoglaziovia variegata and Encholirium spectabile (Bromeliaceae)
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Torgils Fossen, Heidi Lie Andersen, Ole Johan Juvik, George W. Francis, Bjarte Holmelid, Ana Paula de Oliveira, Jackson Roberto Guedes da Silva Almeida, and Raimundo Gonçalves de Oliveira Júnior
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0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Bromeliaceae ,Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ,Encholirium ,Drought tolerance ,nonpolar natural products ,Pharmaceutical Science ,01 natural sciences ,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ,Article ,Analytical Chemistry ,lcsh:QD241-441 ,Encholirium spectabile ,03 medical and health sciences ,lcsh:Organic chemistry ,Neoglaziovia variegata ,Drug Discovery ,Botany ,Humans ,Bromelia laciniosa ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Hyphenated GC-HRMS ,2D NMR plant metabolomics ,Biological Products ,biology ,Plant Extracts ,Organic Chemistry ,biology.organism_classification ,Droughts ,Plant Leaves ,030104 developmental biology ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Chemical constituents ,Edible plants ,Metabolome ,Molecular Medicine ,Non polar ,Plants, Edible ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Extensive regional droughts are already a major problem on all inhabited continents and severe regional droughts are expected to become an increasing and extended problem in the future. Consequently, extended use of available drought resistant food plants should be encouraged. Bromelia laciniosa, Neoglaziovia variegata and Encholirium spectabile are excellent candidates in that respect because they are established drought resistant edible plants from the semi-arid Caatinga region. From a food safety perspective, increased utilization of these plants would necessitate detailed knowledge about their chemical constituents. However, their chemical compositions have previously not been determined. For the first time, the non-polar constituents of B. laciniosa, N. variegata and E. spectabile have been identified. This is the first thorough report on natural products from N. variegata, E. spectabile, and B. laciniosa. Altogether, 20 non-polar natural products were characterized. The identifications were based on hyphenated gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS) and supported by 1D and 2D Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) plant metabolomics. publishedVersion
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- 2017
18. Antinociceptive effect of Encholirium spectabile: A Bromeliaceae from the Brazilian caatinga biome
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Alexsandro Branco, Elba Lúcia Cavalcanti de Amorim, Sarah Raquel Gomes de Lima-Saraiva, Jackson Roberto Guedes da Silva Almeida, Juliane Cabral Silva, and Carla Rodrigues Cardoso Branco
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Bromeliaceae ,biology ,Traditional medicine ,business.industry ,Encholirium ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Pain ,Antinociceptive effect ,biology.organism_classification ,High-performance liquid chromatography ,Motor coordination ,Encholirium spectabile ,Nociception ,Opioid ,Drug Discovery ,Medicine ,Original Article ,Hot plate test ,business ,Licking ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background: Encholirium spectabile is a species found in outcrops rocky throughout the Brazilian Caatinga. Objective: This study was carried out to evaluate the antinociceptive effects of ethanolic extract of the leaves from E. spectabile (Es-EtOH) in mice using chemical and thermal models of nociception. Material and Methods: HPLC was used to determine the fingerprint chromatogram. The Es-EtOH was examined for its antinociceptive activity at the doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg intraperitoneal (i.p.). The evaluation of antinociceptive activity was carried out by the acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin and hot plate tests in mice. Rota-rod test was used for the evaluation of motor coordination. Results: In the acetic acid-induced writhing test, the Es-EtOH (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, i.p.) reduced the number of writhings by 68.59, 79.33 and 65.28%, respectively. Additionally, Es-EtOH (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, i.p.) decreased by 34.14, 52.61 and 60.97% the paw licking time in the first phase, as well as 89.56, 79.90 and 96.71% in the second phase of the formalin test, respectively. Es-EtOH also showed effect in the hot plate test, since increased the latency time at dose of 100 mg/kg after 60 minutes. In addition, Es-EtOH did not impair motor coordination. The presence of phenolic compounds in the extract was confirmed using HPLC. These results indicate that Es-EtOH has antinociceptive activity, probably of peripheral origin. The mechanism involved is not completely understood but, at least in part there is the participation of opioid receptors.
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- 2014
19. Antiulcer activity of ethanolic extract of Encholirium spectabile Mart. ex Schult & Schult f. (Bromeliaceae) in rodents
- Author
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Moraes Carvalho, Katharinne I., Fernandes, Helio B., Frota Machado, Flavia D., Oliveira, Irisdalva S., Oliveira, Francisco A., Nunes, Paulo Humberto M., Lima, Julianeli T., Jackson Almeida, and Meneses Oliveira, Rita C.
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Encholirium spectabile ,Bromeliaceae ,antioxidant ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,antiulcer activity ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 - Abstract
This study evaluated the antiulcer activity of an ethanolic extract of Encholirium spectabile (ES-EtOH) by using different standard experimental models of induced acute gastric ulceration. ES-EtOH (100 mg/kg p.o) protected the gastric mucosa against ulceration that was induced by absolute ethanol (53%), ethanol/HCl (75 %), ibuprofen (52 %) and ischemia/reperfusion (43 %). It also restored catalase activity and non-protein sulfhydryl group concentration in the gastric wall of mice that had been treated with ethanol. The pre-treatment of mice with N-nitro-L-arginine (70 mg/kg i.p.) abolished the protective activity of ES-EtOH, which indicates that prostaglandins, antioxidant compounds and nitric oxide synthase activity are involved in the gastroprotective activity of the extract.
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- 2010
20. Phytochemical Screening, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Encholirium spectabile (Bromeliaceae)
- Author
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Roberto Guedes da Silva Almeida, Jackson, R. R. Santana, Clara, G. de Oliveira-Júnior, Raimundo, de S. Araújo, Camila, R. Souza, Grasielly, R. G. de Lima-Saraiva, Sarah, L. Guimarães, Amanda, P. de Oliveira, Ana, A. de Siqueira Filho, José, and G. M. Pacheco, Alessandra
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Encholirium spectabile ,Bromeliaceae ,medicinal plants ,antibacterial activity ,antioxidant activity - Abstract
The phytochemical screening, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of extracts from Encholirium spectabile, a species belonging to the Bromeliaceae family, were investigated. This species is known in Brazil as "macambira de flecha". In this study, the phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride methods, respectively. Antioxidant activities were evaluated by using DPPH radical scavenging and β-carotene-linoleic acid bleaching and compared with the reference compounds ascorbic acid, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The antibacterial effect was evaluated by the method of microdilution. Preliminary analysis demonstrated that the extracts were found to be positive for the presence of flavonoids, tannins, lignans, monoterpenes, diterpenes, steroids and triterpenoids. The most significant total phenolic content was of 206.4 ± 29.14 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g for ethyl acetate extract (AcOEt), and 106.7 ± 3.35 for chloroform extract (CHCl3). The total flavonoids content was of 279.3 ± 18.88 mg of catechin equivalent/g for AcOEt extract. The AcOEt extract presented the best antioxidant activity (IC50 18.51 ± 2.90 μg/ml) for DPPH scavenging. BHA was the most effective antioxidant. The chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts showed activity against most of the microorganisms tested, especially Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella enterica, Serratia marcescens, Shigela flexneri and Staphylococcus aureus. Future investigations will be focused on isolation of chemical constituents.Read Complete Article at ijSciences: V120121083
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- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Efeito antinociceptivo de espécies de bromeliaceae nativas da caatinga: um estudo comparativo
- Author
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Raquel Gomes de Lima Saraiva, Sarah and Lúcia Cavalcanti de Amorim, Elba
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Bromeliaceae ,Encholirium spectabile ,Toxicidade aguda ,Neoglaziovia variegata ,Atividade antinociceptiva ,Bromelia laciniosa - Abstract
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico Bromeliaceae é uma família de monocotiledôneas de grande importância pela sua diversidade ecológica. Possui 57 gêneros e cerca de 3.000 espécies, das quais 40% podem ser encontradas no Brasil. A família apresenta uma longa história de uso etnobotânico, como fonte de fibras, alimentos e medicamentos. Foram selecionadas para o estudo três espécies de Bromeliaceae, Neoglaziovia variegata (Nv-EtOH), Encholirium spectabile (Es-EtOH) e Bromelia laciniosa (Bl-EtOH), todas com domínio fitogeográfico na caatinga. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito antinociceptivo do extrato etanólico bruto dessas espécies em camundongos, utilizando estímulos químicos (teste das contorções abdominais induzidas pelo ácido acético e teste da formalina) e térmico (teste da placa quente), bem como realizar o estudo de toxicidade aguda, a fim de assegurar a utilização dos extratos e servir de parâmetros para o desenvolvimento de futuros medicamentos. Quanto à atividade antinociceptiva, os extratos demonstraram efeito em todos os ensaios experimentais. Nv-EtOH (100, 200 e 400 mg/kg, i.p.) reduziu significativamente o comportamento nociceptivo dos animais no teste das contorções abdominais. Este extrato também reduziu o tempo em que os animais lamberam a pata na 1ª e 2ª fase do teste da formalina, além de aumentar o tempo de permanência dos animais na placa quente, efeito este que foi revertido pela naloxona, sugerindo a participação dos receptores opióides no mecanismo de ação do extrato. Es-EtOH (100, 200 e 400 mg/kg, i.p.) reduziu significativamente as contorções abdominais induzidas pelo ácido acético. O extrato também mostrou efeito significativo em reduzir o tempo de lambida em ambas as fases do teste da formalina. Já no teste da placa quente, a administração de Es-EtOH não alterou o tempo de permanência dos animais sobre a placa quente, sugerindo para o extrato um possível mecanismo de ação periférico. Bl-EtOH (100, 200 e 400 mg/kg, i.p.) reduziu significativamente o número de contorções no teste das contorções abdominais. Este extrato também reduziu o tempo em que o animal lambeu a pata na 1ª e 2ª fase do teste da formalina. Quando foi utilizado o teste da placa quente, de uma maneira geral, a administração do extrato não induziu alterações no tempo de latência, porém na dose de 100 mg/kg, no tempo de 60 minutos, o extrato apresentou aumento no tempo de latência. Esse efeito não foi revertido pela naloxona. Este estudo mostrou que os extratos possuem atividade antinociceptiva em diversos modelos experimentais. Porém, o mecanismo exato peloqual exercem esse efeito ainda está sendo elucidado. Dessa forma, novos estudos são necessários para se chegar ao mecanismo de ação exato, bem como quais constituintes químicos são responsáveis pelo efeito antinociceptivo dos extratos. Na avaliação da toxidade aguda, a administração dos extratos nas doses de 2 e 5 g/kg pelas vias oral e intraperitoneal, respectivamente, não provocou morte nem alterações significativas nos parâmetros bioquímicos e hematológicos do sangue, assim, podemos considerar os extratos, de baixa toxicidade. Porém, de acordo com a análise histopatológica dos órgãos dos animais tratados com os extratos, a avaliação mostrou que houve algumas lesões, sobretudo no fígado e nos rins. Assim, faz-se necessário a realização de outros ensaios de toxicidade sub-crônica e crônica a fim de determinar o perfil de segurança dos extratos
- Published
- 2012
22. Antiulcer activity of ethanolic extract of Encholirium spectabile Mart. ex Schult & Schult f. (Bromeliaceae) in rodents
- Author
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Rita de Cássia Meneses Oliveira, Flávia Danniele Frota Machado, Hélio B Fernandes, Paulo Humberto Moreira Nunes, Julianeli Tolentino de Lima, Irisdalva S. Oliveira, Katharinne I Moraes de Carvalho, Francisco Artur Forte Oliveira, and Jackson Roberto Guedes da Silva Almeida
- Subjects
Bromeliaceae ,Antioxidant ,antioxidant ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Encholirium ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Encholirium spectabile ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,antiulcer activity ,Botany ,medicine ,Gastric mucosa ,Ethanol ,biology ,Traditional medicine ,Chemistry ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Ibuprofen ,Nitric oxide synthase ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Catalase ,biology.protein ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,medicine.drug - Abstract
This study evaluated the antiulcer activity of an ethanolic extract of Encholirium spectabile (ES-EtOH) by using different standard experimental models of induced acute gastric ulceration. ES-EtOH (100 mg/kg p.o) protected the gastric mucosa against ulceration that was induced by absolute ethanol (53%), ethanol/HCl (75 %), ibuprofen (52 %) and ischemia/reperfusion (43 %). It also restored catalase activity and non-protein sulfhydryl group concentration in the gastric wall of mice that had been treated with ethanol. The pre-treatment of mice with N-nitro-L-arginine (70 mg/kg i.p.) abolished the protective activity of ES-EtOH, which indicates that prostaglandins, antioxidant compounds and nitric oxide synthase activity are involved in the gastroprotective activity of the extract.
- Published
- 2010
23. Antiulcer activity of ethanolic extract of Encholirium spectabile Mart. ex Schult & Schult f. (Bromeliaceae) in rodents
- Author
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Moraes de Carvalho,Katharinne I, Fernandes,Hélio B, Frota Machado,Flávia D, Oliveira,Irisdalva S, Oliveira,Francisco A, Nunes,Paulo Humberto M, Lima,Julianeli T, Silva Almeida,Jackson R G, Meneses Oliveira,Rita C, Moraes de Carvalho,Katharinne I, Fernandes,Hélio B, Frota Machado,Flávia D, Oliveira,Irisdalva S, Oliveira,Francisco A, Nunes,Paulo Humberto M, Lima,Julianeli T, Silva Almeida,Jackson R G, and Meneses Oliveira,Rita C
- Abstract
This study evaluated the antiulcer activity of an ethanolic extract of Encholirium spectabile (ES-EtOH) by using different standard experimental models of induced acute gastric ulceration. ES-EtOH (100 mg/kg p.o) protected the gastric mucosa against ulceration that was induced by absolute ethanol (53%), ethanol/HCl (75 %), ibuprofen (52 %) and ischemia/reperfusion (43 %). It also restored catalase activity and non-protein sulfhydryl group concentration in the gastric wall of mice that had been treated with ethanol. The pre-treatment of mice with N-nitro-L-arginine (70 mg/kg i.p.) abolished the protective activity of ES-EtOH, which indicates that prostaglandins, antioxidant compounds and nitric oxide synthase activity are involved in the gastroprotective activity of the extract.
- Published
- 2010
24. Antinociceptive effect of Encholirium spectabile: A Bromeliaceae from the Brazilian caatinga biome.
- Author
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de Lima-Saraiva SR, Silva JC, Branco CR, Branco A, Cavalcanti Amorim EL, and da Silva Almeida JR
- Abstract
Background: Encholirium spectabile is a species found in outcrops rocky throughout the Brazilian Caatinga., Objective: This study was carried out to evaluate the antinociceptive effects of ethanolic extract of the leaves from E. spectabile (Es-EtOH) in mice using chemical and thermal models of nociception., Material and Methods: HPLC was used to determine the fingerprint chromatogram. The Es-EtOH was examined for its antinociceptive activity at the doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg intraperitoneal (i.p.). The evaluation of antinociceptive activity was carried out by the acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin and hot plate tests in mice. Rota-rod test was used for the evaluation of motor coordination., Results: In the acetic acid-induced writhing test, the Es-EtOH (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, i.p.) reduced the number of writhings by 68.59, 79.33 and 65.28%, respectively. Additionally, Es-EtOH (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, i.p.) decreased by 34.14, 52.61 and 60.97% the paw licking time in the first phase, as well as 89.56, 79.90 and 96.71% in the second phase of the formalin test, respectively. Es-EtOH also showed effect in the hot plate test, since increased the latency time at dose of 100 mg/kg after 60 minutes. In addition, Es-EtOH did not impair motor coordination. The presence of phenolic compounds in the extract was confirmed using HPLC. These results indicate that Es-EtOH has antinociceptive activity, probably of peripheral origin. The mechanism involved is not completely understood but, at least in part there is the participation of opioid receptors.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Dried extracts of Encholirium spectabile (Bromeliaceae) present antioxidant and photoprotective activities in vitro.
- Author
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de Oliveira RG Jr, Souza GR, Guimarães AL, de Oliveira AP, Silva Morais AC, da Cruz Araújo EC, Nunes XP, and Almeida JR
- Abstract
The antioxidant and photoprotective activities of dried extracts from the leaves of Encholirium spectabile were investigated. It was also evaluated the total phenolic and flavonoid contents by the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride methods, respectively. Antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated by using of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging and β-carotene-linoleic acid bleaching and compared with ascorbic acid, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) used as reference compounds. The photoprotective effect was evaluated by the spectrophotometric method. The most significant total phenolic and flavonoid contents was of 188.50 ± 27.50 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g and 129.70 ± 4.59 mg of catechin equivalent/g, respectively, for chloroform fraction (Es-CHCl3). The Es-CHCl3 also presented the best antioxidant activity (IC50 25.35 ± 4.35 μg/ml) for DPPH scavenging. The ethanol extract (Es-EtOH), Es-CHCl3 and the fraction ethyl acetate (Es-AcOEt) showed characteristic absorption bands in regions UVB and UVA in a concentration-dependent manner. Es-CHCl3 presented the highest sun protection factor SPF (8.89 ± 2.11). It shows the possibility to use this extract as sunscreen in pharmaceutical preparations.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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