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295 results on '"Enßlin, T.A."'

1. RMTable2023 and PolSpectra2023: Standards for Reporting Polarization and Faraday Rotation Measurements of Radio Sources

Author: Eck, C.L. Van, Gaensler, B.M., Hutschenreuter, S., Livingston, J., Ma, Y.K., Riseley, C.J., Thomson, A.J.M., Adebahr, B., Basu, A., Birkinshaw, M., Enßlin, T.A., Heald, G., Mao, S.A., McClure-Griffiths, N.M., Eck, C.L. Van, Gaensler, B.M., Hutschenreuter, S., Livingston, J., Ma, Y.K., Riseley, C.J., Thomson, A.J.M., Adebahr, B., Basu, A., Birkinshaw, M., Enßlin, T.A., Heald, G., Mao, S.A., and McClure-Griffiths, N.M.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 295238.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)
Published: 2023

2. The Galactic Faraday rotation sky 2020

Author: Hutschenreuter, S., Anderson, C.S., Betti, S., Bower, G.C., Brown, J.C., Brueggen, M., Haverkorn, M., Wright, M., Ensslin, T.A., Hutschenreuter, S., Anderson, C.S., Betti, S., Bower, G.C., Brown, J.C., Brueggen, M., Haverkorn, M., Wright, M., and Ensslin, T.A.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 246381.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)
Published: 2022

3. Diffuse radio emission from the intracluster medium

Author: Feretti, L., Burigana, C., and Enßlin, T.A.
Published: 2004
Full Text: View/download PDF

4. The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey: II. First data release

Author: Shimwell, T.W., Tasse, C., Hardcastle, M.J., Mechev, A.P., Williams, W.L., Best, P.N., Röttgering, H.J.A., Callingham, J.R., Dijkema, T.J., De Gasperin, F., Hoang, D.N., Hugo, B., Mirmont, M., Oonk, J.B.R., Prandoni, I., Rafferty, D., Sabater, J., Smirnov, O., Van Weeren, R.J., White, G.J., Atemkeng, M., Bester, L., Bonnassieux, E., Brüggen, M., Brunetti, G., Chy, K.T., Cochrane, R., Conway, J.E., Croston, J.H., Danezi, A., Duncan, K., Haverkorn, M., Heald, G.H., Iacobelli, M., Intema, Huib, Jackson, N., Jamrozy, M., Jarvis, M.J., Lakhoo, R., Mevius, M., Miley, G.K., Morabito, L., Morganti, R., Nisbet, D., Orrú, E., Perkins, S., Pizzo, R.F., Schrijvers, C., Smith, D.J.B., Vermeulen, R., Wise, M.W., Alegre, L., Bacon, D.J., Van Bemmel, I.M., Beswick, R.J., Bonafede, A., Botteon, A., Bourke, S., Brienza, M., Calistro Rivera, G., Cassano, R., Clarke, A.O., Conselice, C.J., Dettmar, R.J., Drabent, A., Dumba, C., Emig, K.L., Enßlin, T.A., Ferrari, C., Garrett, M.A., Génova-Santos, R.T., Goyal, A., Gürkan, G., Hale, C., Harwood, J.J., Heesen, V., Hoeft, M., Horellou, C., Jackson, Carole, Kokotanekov, G., Kondapally, R., Kunert-Bajraszewska, M., Mahatma, V., Mahony, E.K., Mandal, S., McKean, J.P., Merloni, A., Mingo, B., Miskolczi, A., Mooney, S., Nikiel-Wroczyński, B., O'Sullivan, S.P., Quinn, J., Reich, W., Roskowiński, C., Rowlinson, A., Savini, F., Saxena, A., Schwarz, D.J., Shulevski, A., Shimwell, T.W., Tasse, C., Hardcastle, M.J., Mechev, A.P., Williams, W.L., Best, P.N., Röttgering, H.J.A., Callingham, J.R., Dijkema, T.J., De Gasperin, F., Hoang, D.N., Hugo, B., Mirmont, M., Oonk, J.B.R., Prandoni, I., Rafferty, D., Sabater, J., Smirnov, O., Van Weeren, R.J., White, G.J., Atemkeng, M., Bester, L., Bonnassieux, E., Brüggen, M., Brunetti, G., Chy, K.T., Cochrane, R., Conway, J.E., Croston, J.H., Danezi, A., Duncan, K., Haverkorn, M., Heald, G.H., Iacobelli, M., Intema, Huib, Jackson, N., Jamrozy, M., Jarvis, M.J., Lakhoo, R., Mevius, M., Miley, G.K., Morabito, L., Morganti, R., Nisbet, D., Orrú, E., Perkins, S., Pizzo, R.F., Schrijvers, C., Smith, D.J.B., Vermeulen, R., Wise, M.W., Alegre, L., Bacon, D.J., Van Bemmel, I.M., Beswick, R.J., Bonafede, A., Botteon, A., Bourke, S., Brienza, M., Calistro Rivera, G., Cassano, R., Clarke, A.O., Conselice, C.J., Dettmar, R.J., Drabent, A., Dumba, C., Emig, K.L., Enßlin, T.A., Ferrari, C., Garrett, M.A., Génova-Santos, R.T., Goyal, A., Gürkan, G., Hale, C., Harwood, J.J., Heesen, V., Hoeft, M., Horellou, C., Jackson, Carole, Kokotanekov, G., Kondapally, R., Kunert-Bajraszewska, M., Mahatma, V., Mahony, E.K., Mandal, S., McKean, J.P., Merloni, A., Mingo, B., Miskolczi, A., Mooney, S., Nikiel-Wroczyński, B., O'Sullivan, S.P., Quinn, J., Reich, W., Roskowiński, C., Rowlinson, A., Savini, F., Saxena, A., Schwarz, D.J., and Shulevski, A.
Abstract: The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) is an ongoing sensitive, high-resolution 120-168 MHz survey of the entire northern sky for which observations are now 20% complete. We present our first full-quality public data release. For this data release 424 square degrees, or 2% of the eventual coverage, in the region of the HETDEX Spring Field (right ascension 10h45m00s to 15h30m00s and declination 45°00′00″ to 57°00′00″) were mapped using a fully automated direction-dependent calibration and imaging pipeline that we developed. A total of 325 694 sources are detected with a signal of at least five times the noise, and the source density is a factor of ∼10 higher than the most sensitive existing very wide-area radio-continuum surveys. The median sensitivity is S144 MHz = 71 μJy beam -1 and the point-source completeness is 90% at an integrated flux density of 0.45 mJy. The resolution of the images is 6″ and the positional accuracy is within 0.2″. This data release consists of a catalogue containing location, flux, and shape estimates together with 58 mosaic images that cover the catalogued area. In this paper we provide an overview of the data release with a focus on the processing of the LOFAR data and the characteristics of the resulting images. In two accompanying papers we provide the radio source associations and deblending and, where possible, the optical identifications of the radio sources together with the photometric redshifts and properties of the host galaxies. These data release papers are published together with a further ∼20 articles that highlight the scientific potential of LoTSS.
Published: 2019

5. Planck intermediate results. LV. The Planck Multi-frequency Catalogue of Non-thermal Sources

Author: Akrami , Y., Argüeso , F., Ashdown , M., Aumont , J., Baccigalupi , C., Ballardini , M., Banday , A.J., Barreiro , R.B., Bartolo , N., Basak , S., Benabed , K., Bernard , J.-P., Bersanelli , M., Bielewicz , P., Bonavera , L., Bond , J.R., Borrill , J., Bouchet , F.R., Burigana , C., Butler , R.C., Calabrese , E., Carron , J., Chiang , H.C., Combet , C., Crill , B.P., Cuttaia , F., De Bernardis , P., De Rosa , A., De Zotti , G., Delabrouille , J., Delouis , J.-M., Di Valentino , E., Dickinson , C., Diego , J.M., Ducout , A., Dupac , X., Efstathiou , G., Elsner , F., Enßlin , T.A., Eriksen , H.K., Fantaye , Y., Finelli , F., Frailis , M., Fraisse , A.A., Franceschi , E., Frolov , A., Galeotta , S., Galli , S., Ganga , K., Génova-Santos , R.T., Gerbino , M., Ghosh , T., González-Nuevo , J., Górski , K.M., Gratton , S., Gruppuso , A., Gudmundsson , J.E., Handley , W., Hansen , F.K., Herranz , D., Hivon , E., Huang , Z., Jaffe , A.H., Jones , W.C., Keihänen , E., Keskitalo , R., Kiiveri , K., Kim , J., Kisner , T.S., Krachmalnicoff , N., Kunz , M., Kurki-Suonio , H., Lähteenmäki , A., Lamarre , J.-M., Lasenby , A., Lattanzi , M., Lawrence , C.R., Levrier , F., Liguori , M., Lilje , P.B., Lindholm , V., López-Caniego , M., Ma , Y.-Z., Macías-Pérez , J.F., Maggio , G., Maino , D., Mangilli , A., Maris , M., Martin , P.G., Martínez-González , E., Matarrese , S., McEwen , J.D., Meinhold , P.R., Melchiorri , A., Mennella , A., Migliaccio , M., Miville-Deschênes , M.-A., Molinari , D., Moneti , A., Montier , L., Morgante , G., Natoli , P., Oxborrow , C.A., Pagano , L., Paoletti , D., Partridge , B., Patanchon , G., Pearson , T.J., Pettorino , V., Piacentini , F., Polenta , G., Rachen , J.P., Racine , B., Reinecke , M., Remazeilles , M., Renzi , A., Rocha , G., Roudier , G., Rubiño-Martín , J.A., Salvati , L., Sandri , M., Savelainen , M., Scott , D., Spencer , L.D., Suur-Uski , A.-S., Tauber , J.A., Tavagnacco , D., Toffolatti , L., Tomasi , M., Trombetti , T., Valiviita , J., Van Tent , F., Vielva , P., Villa , F., Vittorio , N., Wehus , I.K., Zacchei , A., Zonca , A., Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie ( IRAP ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie ( LPSC ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology ( Grenoble INP ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale ( IAS ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique ( LERMA ), École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université de Cergy Pontoise ( UCP ), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique d'Orsay [Orsay] ( LPT ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Planck
Subjects: [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: This paper presents the Planck Multi-frequency Catalogue of Non-thermal (i.e., synchrotron-dominated) Sources (PMNT) observed between 30 and 857 GHz by ESA's Planck mission. This catalogue has been constructed by selecting objects detected in the full mission all-sky temperature maps at 30 and 143 GHz, with a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N)>3 in at least one of the two channels after filtering with a particular Mexican-hat wavelet. As a result, 29400 source candidates have been selected. Then, a multi-frequency analysis has been performed using the Matrix Filters methodology at the position of these objects, and flux densities and errors have been calculated for all of them in the nine Planck channels. This catalogue has been built using a different methodology than the one adopted for the previous Planck Catalogues of Compact Sources (PCCS and PCCS2), although the initial detection is done with the same pipeline that was used to produce them. The present catalogue is the first unbiased, full-sky catalogue of synchrotron-dominated sources published at millimetre and submillimetre wavelengths and constitutes a powerful database for statistical studies of non-thermal extragalactic sources, whose emission is dominated by the central active galactic nucleus. Together with the full multi-frequency catalogue, we also define the so-called Bright Planck Multi-frequency Catalogue of Non-thermal Sources (B-PMNT), where only those objects with a S/N>4 at both 30 and 143 GHz have been selected. In this catalogue 1146 compact sources are detected outside the adopted Planck GAL070 mask. We also flag the so-called high-significance subsample (HS-PMNT), a subset of 151 sources that are detected with S/N>4 in all nine Planck channels, out of which 75 are found outside the Planck mask adopted here. The remaining 76 sources inside the Galactic mask are very likely Galactic objects.
Published: 2018

6. Planck intermediate results. LIV. Polarized dust foregrounds

Author: Akrami , Y., Ashdown , M., Aumont , J., Baccigalupi , C., Ballardini , M., Banday , A.J., Barreiro , R.B., Bartolo , N., Basak , S., Benabed , K., Bernard , J.-P., Bersanelli , M., Bielewicz , P., Bond , J.R., Borrill , J., Bouchet , F.R., Boulanger , F., Bracco , A., Bucher , M., Burigana , C., Calabrese , E., Cardoso , J.-F., Carron , J., Chiang , H.C., Combet , C., Crill , B.P., De Bernardis , P., De Zotti , G., Delabrouille , J., Delouis , J.-M., Di Valentino , E., Dickinson , C., Diego , J.M., Ducout , A., Dupac , X., Elsner , F., Enßlin , T.A., Falgarone , E., Fantaye , Y., Ferrière , K., Finelli , F., Forastieri , F., Frailis , M., Fraisse , A.A., Franceschi , E., Frolov , A., Galeotta , S., Galli , S., Ganga , K., Génova-Santos , R.T., Ghosh , T., González-Nuevo , J., Górski , K.M., Gruppuso , A., Gudmundsson , J.E., Guillet , V., Handley , W., Hansen , F.K., Herranz , D., Huang , Z., Jaffe , A.H., Jones , W.C., Keihänen , E., Keskitalo , R., Kiiveri , K., Kim , J., Krachmalnicoff , N., Kunz , M., Kurki-Suonio , H., Lamarre , J.-M., Lasenby , A., Le Jeune , M., Levrier , F., Liguori , M., Lilje , P.B., Lindholm , V., López-Caniego , M., Lubin , P.M., Ma , Y.-Z., Macías-Pérez , J.F., Maggio , G., Maino , D., Mandolesi , N., Mangilli , A., Martin , P.G., Martínez-González , E., Matarrese , S., McEwen , J.D., Meinhold , P.R., Melchiorri , A., Migliaccio , M., Miville-Deschênes , M.-A., Molinari , D., Moneti , A., Montier , L., Morgante , G., Natoli , P., Pagano , L., Paoletti , D., Pettorino , V., Piacentini , F., Polenta , G., Rachen , J.P., Reinecke , M., Remazeilles , M., Renzi , A., Rocha , G., Rosset , C., Roudier , G., Rubiño-Martín , J.A., Ruiz-Granados , B., Salvati , L., Sandri , M., Savelainen , M., Scott , D., Soler , J.D., Spencer , L.D., Tauber , J.A., Tavagnacco , D., Toffolatti , L., Tomasi , M., Trombetti , T., Valiviita , J., Vansyngel , F., Van Tent , F., Vielva , P., Villa , F., Vittorio , N., Wehus , I.K., Zacchei , A., Zonca , A., Institut d'astrophysique spatiale ( IAS ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie ( IRAP ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique ( LERMA ), École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université de Cergy Pontoise ( UCP ), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie ( LPSC ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology ( Grenoble INP ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique d'Orsay [Orsay] ( LPT ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Planck
Subjects: [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: The study of polarized dust emission has become entwined with the analysis of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization. We use new Planck maps to characterize Galactic dust emission as a foreground to the CMB polarization. We present Planck EE, BB, and TE power spectra of dust polarization at 353 GHz for six nested sky regions covering from 24 to 71 % of the sky. We present power-law fits to the angular power spectra, yielding evidence for statistically significant variations of the exponents over sky regions and a difference between the values for the EE and BB spectra. The TE correlation and E/B power asymmetry extend to low multipoles that were not included in earlier Planck polarization papers. We also report evidence for a positive TB dust signal. Combining data from Planck and WMAP, we determine the amplitudes and spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of polarized foregrounds, including the correlation between dust and synchrotron polarized emission, for the six sky regions as a function of multipole. This quantifies the challenge of the component separation procedure required for detecting the reionization and recombination peaks of primordial CMB B modes. The SED of polarized dust emission is fit well by a single-temperature modified blackbody emission law from 353 GHz to below 70 GHz. For a dust temperature of 19.6 K, the mean spectral index for dust polarization is $\beta_{\rm d}^{P} = 1.53\pm0.02 $. By fitting multi-frequency cross-spectra, we examine the correlation of the dust polarization maps across frequency. We find no evidence for decorrelation. If the Planck limit for the largest sky region applies to the smaller sky regions observed by sub-orbital experiments, then decorrelation might not be a problem for CMB experiments aiming at a primordial B-mode detection limit on the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r\simeq0.01$ at the recombination peak.
Published: 2018

7. IMAGINE: a comprehensive view of the interstellar medium, Galactic magnetic fields and cosmic rays

Author: Boulanger, Francois, Ensslin, T.A., Fletcher, Andrew, Girichides, Philipp, Hackstein, Stefan, Haverkorn, Marijke, Horandel, Jorg R., Rachen, Jorg P., Vliet, A. van, Wang, Jiaxin, Boulanger, Francois, Ensslin, T.A., Fletcher, Andrew, Girichides, Philipp, Hackstein, Stefan, Haverkorn, Marijke, Horandel, Jorg R., Rachen, Jorg P., Vliet, A. van, and Wang, Jiaxin
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 195234.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access) Contains fulltext : 195234.pdf (preprint version ) (Open Access)
Published: 2018

8. Isotropization of ultra-high energy cosmic ray arrival directions by radio ghosts

Author: Medina-Tanco, G and Enßlin, T.A
Published: 2001
Full Text: View/download PDF

9. Planck 2015 results XXVII. The second Planck catalogue of Sunyaev-Zeldovich sources

Author: Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Barrena, R., Bartlett, J.G., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Battye, R., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bikmaev, I., Böhringer, H., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Bucher, M., Burenin, R., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Carvalho, P., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., Chary, R.-R., Chiang, H.C., Chon, G., Christensen, P.R., Clements, D.L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Comis, B., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Dahle, H., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Desert, F.-X., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dolag, K., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Eisenhardt, P., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Falgarone, E., Fergusson, J., Feroz, F., Ferragamo, A., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Genova-Santos, R.T., Giard, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Grainge, K.J.B., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Hempel, A., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jin, T., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Khamitov, I., Kisner, T.S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leonardi, R., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mak, D.S.Y., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Mazzotta, P., McGehee, P., Mei, S., Melchiorri, A., Melin, J.-B., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nastasi, A., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C.B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Olamaie, M., Oxborrow, C.A., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Pearson, T.J., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrott, Y.C., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Pratt, G.W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reach, W.T., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rozo, E., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rumsey, C., Rusholme, B., Rykoff, E.S., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Saunders, R.D.E., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Schammel, M.P., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Shellard, E.P.S., Shimwell, T.W., Spencer, L., Stanford, S.A., Stern, A., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Streblyanska, A., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tramonte, D., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., White, S.D.M., Wright, E.L., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Imperial College Trust, Ade, P. A. R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Barrena, R., Bartlett, J. G., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Battye, R., Benabed, K., Benoît, A., Benoit Lévy, A., Bernard, J. P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bikmaev, I., Böhringer, H., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Bucher, M., Burenin, R., Burigana, C., Butler, R. C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J. F., Carvalho, P., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., Chary, R. R., Chiang, H. C., Chon, G., Christensen, P. R., Clements, D. L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L. P. L., Combet, C., Comis, B., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B. P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Dahle, H., Danese, L., Davies, R. D., Davis, R. J., De Bernardis, P., De Rosa, A., De Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Désert, F. X., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Dolag, K., Dole, H., Donzelli, Simona, Doré, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Eisenhardt, P. R. M., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Falgarone, E., Fergusson, J., Feroz, F., Ferragamo, A., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A. A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Génova Santos, R. T., Giard, M., Giraud Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., González Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Grainge, K. J. B., Gratton, S., Gregorio, Anna, Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Hansen, F. K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D. L., Hempel, A., Henrot Versillé, S., Hernández Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W. A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K. M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A. H., Jaffe, T. R., Jin, T., Jones, W. C., Juvela, M., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Khamitov, I., Kisner, T. S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J. M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Leonardi, R., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Linden Vørnle, M., López Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Maciás Pérez, J. F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mak, D. S. Y., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Martin, P. G., Martínez González, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Mazzotta, P., Mcgehee, P., Mei, S., Melchiorri, A., Melin, J. B., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Miville Deschênes, M. A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Munshi, D., Murphy, J. A., Naselsky, P., Nastasi, A., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C. B., Nørgaard Nielsen, H. U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Olamaie, M., Oxborrow, C. A., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Pearson, T. J., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrott, Y. C., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Pratt, G. W., Prézeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J. L., Rachen, J. P., Reach, W. T., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rozo, E., Rubinõ Martín, J. A., Rumsey, C., Rusholme, B., Rykoff, E. S., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Saunders, R. D. E., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Schammel, M. P., Scott, D., Seiffert, M. D., Shellard, E. P. S., Shimwell, T. W., Spencer, L. D., Stanford, S. A., Stern, D., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Streblyanska, A., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Sutton, D., Suur Uski, A. S., Sygnet, J. F., Tauber, J. A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tramonte, D., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L. A., Wandelt, B. D., Wehus, I. K., White, S. D. M., Wright, E. L., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Ade, P, Aghanim, N, Arnaud, M, Ashdown, M, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Banday, A, Barreiro, R, Barrena, R, Bartlett, J, Bartolo, N, Battaner, E, Battye, R, Benabed, K, Benoît, A, Benoit Lévy, A, Bernard, J, Bersanelli, M, Bielewicz, P, Bikmaev, I, Böhringer, H, Bonaldi, A, Bonavera, L, Bond, J, Borrill, J, Bouchet, F, Bucher, M, Burenin, R, Burigana, C, Butler, R, Calabrese, E, Cardoso, J, Carvalho, P, Catalano, A, Challinor, A, Chamballu, A, Chary, R, Chiang, H, Chon, G, Christensen, P, Clements, D, Colombi, S, Colombo, L, Combet, C, Comis, B, Couchot, F, Coulais, A, Crill, B, Curto, A, Cuttaia, F, Dahle, H, Danese, L, Davies, R, Davis, R, DE BERNARDIS, P, De Rosa, A, De Zotti, G, Delabrouille, J, Désert, F, Dickinson, C, Diego, J, Dolag, K, Dole, H, Donzelli, S, Doré, O, Douspis, M, Ducout, A, Dupac, X, Efstathiou, G, Eisenhardt, P, Elsner, F, Enßlin, T, Eriksen, H, Falgarone, E, Fergusson, J, Feroz, F, Ferragamo, A, Finelli, F, Forni, O, Frailis, M, Fraisse, A, Franceschi, E, Frejsel, A, Galeotta, S, Galli, S, Ganga, K, Génova Santos, R, Giard, M, Giraud Héraud, Y, Gjerløw, E, González Nuevo, J, Górski, K, Grainge, K, Gratton, S, Gregorio, A, Gruppuso, A, Gudmundsson, J, Hansen, F, Hanson, D, Harrison, D, Hempel, A, Henrot Versillé, S, Hernández Monteagudo, C, Herranz, D, Hildebrandt, S, Hivon, E, Hobson, M, Holmes, W, Hornstrup, A, Hovest, W, Huffenberger, K, Hurier, G, Jaffe, A, Jaffe, T, Jin, T, Jones, W, Juvela, M, Keihänen, E, Keskitalo, R, Khamitov, I, Kisner, T, Kneissl, R, Knoche, J, Kunz, M, Kurki Suonio, H, Lagache, G, Lamarre, J, Lasenby, A, Lattanzi, M, Lawrence, C, Leonardi, R, Lesgourgues, J, Levrier, F, Liguori, M, Lilje, P, Linden Vørnle, M, López Caniego, M, Lubin, P, Maciás Pérez, J, Maggio, G, Maino, D, Mak, D, Mandolesi, N, Mangilli, A, Martin, P, Martínez González, E, Masi, S, Matarrese, S, Mazzotta, P, Mcgehee, P, Mei, S, Melchiorri, A, Melin, J, Mendes, L, Mennella, A, Migliaccio, M, Mitra, S, Miville Deschênes, M, Moneti, A, Montier, L, Morgante, G, Mortlock, D, Moss, A, Munshi, D, Murphy, J, Naselsky, P, Nastasi, A, Nati, F, Natoli, P, Netterfield, C, Nørgaard Nielsen, H, Noviello, F, Novikov, D, Novikov, I, Olamaie, M, Oxborrow, C, Paci, F, Pagano, L, Pajot, F, Paoletti, D, Pasian, F, Patanchon, G, Pearson, T, Perdereau, O, Perotto, L, Perrott, Y, Perrotta, F, Pettorino, V, Piacentini, F, Piat, M, Pierpaoli, E, Pietrobon, D, Plaszczynski, S, Pointecouteau, E, Polenta, G, Pratt, G, Prézeau, G, Prunet, S, Puget, J, Rachen, J, Reach, W, Rebolo, R, Reinecke, M, Remazeilles, M, Renault, C, Renzi, A, Ristorcelli, I, Rocha, G, Rosset, C, Rossetti, M, Roudier, G, Rozo, E, Rubinõ Martín, J, Rumsey, C, Rusholme, B, Rykoff, E, Sandri, M, Santos, D, Saunders, R, Savelainen, M, Savini, G, Schammel, M, Scott, D, Seiffert, M, Shellard, E, Shimwell, T, Spencer, L, Stanford, S, Stern, D, Stolyarov, V, Stompor, R, Streblyanska, A, Sudiwala, R, Sunyaev, R, Sutton, D, Suur Uski, A, Sygnet, J, Tauber, J, Terenzi, L, Toffolatti, L, Tomasi, M, Tramonte, D, Tristram, M, Tucci, M, Tuovinen, J, Umana, G, Valenziano, L, Valiviita, J, Van Tent, B, Vielva, P, Villa, F, Wade, L, Wandelt, B, Wehus, I, White, S, Wright, E, Yvon, D, Zacchei, A, Zonca, A, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Space Agency, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Academy of Finland, Center for Science (Finland), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Department of Energy (US), UK Space Agency, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Science Foundation Ireland, DTU Space (Denmark), Swiss Space Office, Max Planck Society, German Centre for Air and Space Travel, European Commission, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Junta de Andalucía, European Research Council, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (NEEL - HELFA), Institut Néel (NEEL), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique Théorique (LAPTH), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique d'Orsay [Orsay] (LPT), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Planck, Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (HELFA), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Astronomy, Library science, FOS: Physical sciences, observation [Cosmology], Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, clusters: general [Galaxies], Cosmology: observation, 01 natural sciences, NO, Physics::Geophysics, Methods statistical, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, 0103 physical sciences, Statistical analysis, observations [Cosmology], GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, cosmology: observations, galaxies: clusters: general, catalogs, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Physics, Diffuse radiation, observations, galaxies: clusters: general, catalogs [cosmology], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 4. Education, Cosmology: observations, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Catalogues, 0201 Astronomical And Space Sciences, Space and Planetary Science, Energy density, astro-ph.CO, Catalog, Galaxies: clusters: general, Catalogs
Abstract: Acknowledgements. The Planck Collaboration acknowledges the support of: ESA; CNES and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MINECO, JA, and RES (Spain); Tekes, AoF, and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); ERC and PRACE (EU). A description of the Planck Collaboration and a list of its members, indicating which technical or scientific activities they have been involved in, can be found at http://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/planck/planck-collaboration. We thank Ian McCarthy for providing images and profiles of simulated clusters from cosmo-OWLS. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France This research made use of data retrieved from SDSS-III. Funding for SDSSIII has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the US Department of Energy Office of Science; the SDSS-III web site is http://www.sdss3.org/. This research has made use of data processed by the Centre d’Analyse de Données Étendues (http://cade.irap.omp.eu/) and has made use of the HEALPix pixelization software (http://healpix.sourceforge.net; Górski et al. 2005). Some of this work was performed using the Darwin Supercomputer of the University of Cambridge High Performance Computing Service (http: //www.hpc.cam.ac.uk/), provided by Dell Inc. using Strategic Research Infrastructure Funding from the Higher Education Funding Council for England and funding from the Science and Technology Facilities Council., We present the all-sky Planck catalogue of Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) sources detected from the 29 month full-mission data. The catalogue (PSZ2) is the largest SZ-selected sample of galaxy clusters yet produced and the deepest systematic all-sky surveyof galaxy clusters. It contains 1653 detections, of which 1203 are confirmed clusters with identified counterparts in external data sets, and is the first SZ-selected cluster survey containing >103 confirmed clusters. We present a detailed analysis of the survey selection function in terms of its completeness and statistical reliability, placing a lower limit of 83% on the purity. Using simulations, we find that the estimates of the SZ strength parameter Y5R500are robust to pressure-profile variation and beam systematics, but accurate conversion to Y500 requires the use of prior information on the cluster extent. We describe the multi-wavelength search for counterparts in ancillary data, which makes use of radio, microwave, infra-red, optical, and X-ray data sets, and which places emphasis on the robustness of the counterpart match. We discuss the physical properties of the new sample and identify a population of low-redshift X-ray under-luminous clusters revealed by SZ selection. These objects appear in optical and SZ surveys with consistent properties for their mass, but are almost absent from ROSAT X-ray selected samples., European Space Agency, Centre National D'etudes Spatiales, CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France), Italian Space Agency (ASI), Italian National Research Council, Istituto Nazionale Astrofisica (INAF), National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA), Max Planck Society, CSA (Canada), DTU Space (Denmark), SER/SSO (Switzerland), RCN (Norway), Science Foundation Ireland, Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, ERC (EU), European Union (EU), Higher Education Funding Council for England, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, National Science Foundation (NSF), United States Department of Energy (DOE), Science & Technology Facilities Council (STFC) ST/F01239X/1 ST/L000393/1 ST/K001051/1 ST/K004131/1 ST/L000768/1 ST/N001206/1 ST/M001172/1 ST/H001239/1
Published: 2016

10. Planck intermediate results. VIII. Filaments between interacting clusters

Author: Bartlett, J.G., Cardoso, J.-F., Castex, G., Delabrouille, J., Ganga, K., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Le Jeune, M., Patanchon, G., Piat, M., Remazeilles, M., Roman, M., Rosset, C., Smoot, G.F., Poutanen, T., Bikmaev, I., Natoli, P., Polenta, G., Mandolesi, N., Ashdown, M., Hobson, M., Lasenby, A., Bhatia, R., Kneissl, R., Bond, J.R., Miville-Deschênes, M.-A., Banday, A.J., Bernard, J.-P., Flores-Cacho, I., Forni, O., Giard, M., Jaffe, T.R., Montier, L., Pointecouteau, E., Ristorcelli, I., Doré, O., Hildebrandt, S.R., Mei, S., Rocha, G., Dahle, H., Lilje, P.B., Da Silva, A., Hernández-Monteagudo, C., Borrill, J., Rebolo, R., Melin, J.-B., Piffaretti, R., Yvon, D., Linden-Vørnle, Michael, Nørgaard-Nielsen, Hans Ulrik, Frommert, M., Kunz, M., Atrio-Barandela, F., Toffolatti, L., Rachen, J.P., Scott, D., Colombo, L.P.L., Pierpaoli, E., Juvela, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Jones, W.C., Knox, L., Lubin, P.M., Zonca, A., Wandelt, B.D., Cayón, L., Matarrese, S., De Bernardis, P., Masi, S., Melchiorri, A., Nati, F., Piacentini, F., Bersanelli, M., Maino, D., Mennella, A., Rossetti, M., Gregorio, A., Burigana, C., Balbi, A., Bourdin, H., De Gasperis, G., Mazzotta, P., Vittorio, N., Cabella, P., Christensen, P.R., Naselsky, P., Hempel, A., Rubiño-Martín, J.A., Dupac, X., Jagemann, T., Leonardi, R., Mendes, L., Tauber, J.A., De Zotti, G., Colafrancesco, S., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Maris, M., Pasian, F., Zacchei, A., Massardi, M., Cuttaia, F., Finelli, F., Franceschi, E., Gruppuso, A., Morgante, G., Paoletti, D., Ricciardi, S., Sandri, M., Terenzi, L., Valenziano, L., Villa, F., Donzelli, S., Tomasi, M., Désert, F.-X., Ponthieu, N., Mitra, S., Chamballu, A., Clements, D.L., Jaffe, A.H., Novikov, D., Chary, R.-R., Rusholme, B., Benoît, A., Dole, H., Aghanim, N., Aumont, J., Douspis, M., Lagache, G., Pajot, F., Puget, J.-L., Welikala, N., Benabed, K., Bouchet, F.R., Hivon, E., Moneti, A., Prunet, S., Sygnet, J.-F., Popa, L., Marleau, F., Chiang, L.-Y., Efstathiou, G., Harrison, D., Sutton, D., Eriksen, H.K., Hansen, F.K., Génova-Santos, R.T., Barreiro, R.B., Diego, J.M., González-Nuevo, J., Herranz, D., López-Caniego, M., Martínez-González, E., Vielva, P., Crill, B.P., Górski, K.M., Holmes, W.A., Lawrence, C.R., Wade, L.A., Bonaldi, A., Davis, R.J., Maffei, B., Noviello, F., Henrot-Versillé, S., Luzzi, G., Perdereau, O., Plaszczynski, S., Tristram, M., Catalano, A., Coulais, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Arnaud, M., Démoclès, J., Marshall, D.J., Pratt, G.W., Starck, J.-L., Comis, B., Hurier, G., MacÍas-Pérez, J.F., Perotto, L., Renault, C., Van Tent, B., Kisner, T.S., Dolag, K., Dörl, U., Enßlin, T.A., Gilfanov, M., Hovest, W., Knoche, J., Matthai, F., Reinecke, M., Riller, T., Sunyaev, R., White, S.D.M., Böhringer, H., Chon, G., Murphy, J.A., Novikov, I., Savini, G., Baccigalupi, C., Danese, L., Perrotta, F., Ade, P.A.R., Munshi, D., Sudiwala, R., Burenin, R., Osborne, S., Khamitov, I., Schaefer, B.M., Battaner, E., Department of Physics, Helsinki Institute of Physics, lanck Collaboration: P. A. R., Ade, N., Aghanim, M., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, F., Atrio Barandela, J., Aumont, C., Baccigalupi, Balbi, . A., A. J., Banday, R. B., Barreiro, J. G., Bartlett, E., Battaner, K., Benabed, A., Benoˆıt, J. P., Bernard, M., Bersanelli, R., Bhatia, I., Bikmaev, H., Bo ̈hringer, A., Bonaldi, J. R., Bond, J., Borrill, F. R., Bouchet, H., Bourdin, R., Burenin, Burigana, . C., P., Cabella, J. F., Cardoso, G., Castex, A., Catalano, L., Cayo ́n, A., Chamballu, R. R., Chary, L. Y., Chiang, G., Chon, P. R., Christensen, D. L., Clement, S., Colafrancesco, L. P. L., Colombo, B., Comi, A., Coulai, B. P., Crill, Cuttaia, . F., A., Da Silva, H., Dahle, L., Danese, R. J., Davi, P., de Bernardi, G., de Gasperi, G., de Zotti, J., Delabrouille, De ́mocle`s, . J., F. X., De ́sert, J. M., Diego, K., Dolag, H., Dole, S., Donzelli, O., Dore ́, U., Do ̈rl, M., Douspi, X., Dupac, Efstathiou, . G., T. A., Enßlin, H. K., Eriksen, F., Finelli, I., Flores Cacho, O., Forni, M., Fraili, E., Franceschi, M., Frommert, Galeotta, . S., K., Ganga, R. T., Ge ́nova Santo, M., Giard, M., Gilfanov, Y., Giraud He ́raud, J., Gonza ́lez Nuevo, K. M., Go ́rski, Gregorio, Anna, A., Gruppuso, F. K., Hansen, D., Harrison, A., Hempel, S., Henrot Versille ́, C., Herna ́ndez Monteagudo, Herranz, . D., S. R., Hildebrandt, E., Hivon, M., Hobson, W. A., Holme, W., Hovest, G., Hurier⋆⋆, T. R., Jaffe, A. H., Jaffe, Jagemann, . T., W. C., Jone, M., Juvela, I., Khamitov, T. S., Kisner, R., Kneissl, J., Knoche, L., Knox, M., Kunz, Kurki Suonio, . H., G., Lagache, J. M., Lamarre, A., Lasenby, C. R., Lawrence, M., Le Jeune, R., Leonardi, P. B., Lilje, Linden Vørnle, . M., M., Lo ́pez Caniego, P. M., Lubin, G., Luzzi, J. F., Mac ́ıas Pe ́rez, B., Maffei, D., Maino, N., Mandolesi, Maris, . M., F., Marleau, D. J., Marshall, E., Mart ́ınez Gonza ́lez, S., Masi, M., Massardi, S., Matarrese, F., Matthai, P., Mazzotta, Mei, . S., A., Melchiorri, J. B., Melin, L., Mende, A., Mennella, S., Mitra, M. A., Miville Descheˆne, A., Moneti, Montier, . L., G., Morgante, D., Munshi, J. A., Murphy, P., Naselsky, F., Nati, P., Natoli, H. U., Nørgaard Nielsen, F., Noviello, D., Novikov, I., Novikov, S., Osborne, F., Pajot, D., Paoletti, F., Pasian, G., Patanchon, O., Perdereau, L., Perotto, F., Perrotta, Piacentini, . F., M., Piat, E., Pierpaoli, R., Piffaretti, S., Plaszczynski, E., Pointecouteau, G., Polenta, N., Ponthieu, L., Popa, Poutanen, . T., G. W., Pratt, S., Prunet, J. L., Puget, J. P., Rachen, R., Rebolo, M., Reinecke, M., Remazeille, C., Renault, S., Ricciardi, T., Riller, I., Ristorcelli, G., Rocha, M., Roman, C., Rosset, M., Rossetti, J. A., Rubin ̃o Mart ́ın, B., Rusholme, M., Sandri, G., Savini, B. M., Schaefer, D., Scott, G. F., Smoot, J. L., Starck, R., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, D., Sutton, A. S., Suur Uski, J. F., Sygnet, J. A., Tauber, L., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, M., Tomasi, M., Tristram, L., Valenziano, B., Van Tent, P., Vielva, F., Villa, N., Vittorio, L. A., Wade, B. D., Wandelt, N., Welikala, S. D. M., White, D., Yvon, A., Zacchei, A., Zonca, Universidad de Cantabria, APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (HELFA), Institut Néel (NEEL), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), PLANCK, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), HELFA - Hélium : du fondamental aux applications, Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Collaboration, P, Ade, P, Aghanim, N, Arnaud, M, Ashdown, M, Atrio-Barandela, F, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Balbi, A, Banday, A, Barreiro, R, Bartlett, J, Battaner, E, Benabed, K, Benoit, A, Bernard, J, Bersanelli, M, Bhatia, R, Bikmaev, I, Bohringer, H, Bonaldi, A, Bond, J, Borrill, J, Bouchet, F, Bourdin, H, Burenin, R, Burigana, C, Cabella, P, Cardoso, J, Castex, G, Catalano, A, Cayon, L, Chamballu, A, Chary, R, Chiang, L, Chon, G, Christensen, P, Clements, D, Colafrancesco, S, Colombo, L, Comis, B, Coulais, A, Crill, B, Cuttaia, F, Da Silva, A, Dahle, H, Danese, L, Davis, R, De Bernardis, P, De Gasperis, G, De Zotti, G, Delabrouille, J, Democles, J, Desert, F, Diego, J, Dolag, K, Dole, H, Donzelli, S, Dore, O, Dorl, U, Douspis, M, Dupac, X, Efstathiou, G, Ensslin, T, Eriksen, H, Finelli, F, Flores-Cacho, I, Forni, O, Frailis, M, Franceschi, E, Frommert, M, Galeotta, S, Ganga, K, Genova-Santos, R, Giard, M, Gilfanov, M, Giraud-Heraud, Y, Gonzalez-Nuevo, J, Gorski, K, Gregorio, A, Gruppuso, A, Hansen, F, Harrison, D, Hempel, A, Henrot-Versille, S, Hernandez-Monteagudo, C, Herranz, D, Hildebrandt, S, Hivon, E, Hobson, M, Holmes, W, Hovest, W, Hurier, G, Jaffe, T, Jaffe, A, Jagemann, T, Jones, W, Juvela, M, Khamitov, I, Kisner, T, Kneissl, R, Knoche, J, Knox, L, Kunz, M, Kurki-Suonio, H, Lagache, G, Lamarre, J, Lasenby, A, Lawrence, C, Le Jeune, M, Leonardi, R, Lilje, P, Linden-Vørnle, M, Linden-Vornle, M, Lopez-Caniego, M, Lubin, P, Luzzi, G, Macias-Perez, J, Maffei, B, Maino, D, Mandolesi, N, Maris, M, Marleau, F, Marshall, D, Martinez-Gonzalez, E, Masi, S, Massardi, M, Matarrese, S, Matthai, F, Mazzotta, P, Mei, S, Melchiorri, A, Melin, J, Mendes, L, Mennella, A, Mitra, S, Miville-Deschenes, M, Moneti, A, Montier, L, Morgante, G, Munshi, D, Murphy, J, Naselsky, P, Nati, F, Natoli, P, Nørgaard-Nielsen, H, Norgaard-Nielsen, H, Noviello, F, Novikov, D, Novikov, I, Osborne, S, Pajot, F, Paoletti, D, Pasian, F, Patanchon, G, Perdereau, O, Perotto, L, Perrotta, F, Piacentini, F, Piat, M, Pierpaoli, E, Piffaretti, R, Plaszczynski, S, Pointecouteau, E, Polenta, G, Ponthieu, N, Popa, L, Poutanen, T, Pratt, G, Prunet, S, Puget, J, Rachen, J, Rebolo, R, Reinecke, M, Remazeilles, M, Renault, C, Ricciardi, S, Riller, T, Ristorcelli, I, Rocha, G, Roman, M, Rosset, C, Rossetti, M, Rubino-Martin, J, Rusholme, B, Sandri, M, Savini, G, Schaefer, B, Scott, D, Smoot, G, Starck, J, Sudiwala, R, Sunyaev, R, Sutton, D, Suur-Uski, A, Sygnet, J, Tauber, J, Terenzi, L, Toffolatti, L, Tomasi, M, Tristram, M, Valenziano, L, Van Tent, B, Vielva, P, Villa, F, Vittorio, N, Wade, L, Wandelt, B, Welikala, N, White, S, Yvon, D, Zacchei, A, Zonca, A, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (NEEL - HELFA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: clusters:general [galaxies], Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Large-scale structure of Universe, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Astronomy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, education, galaxies:clusters:general, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, clusters: general [Galaxies], Hadrons, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Virial theorem, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], symbols.namesake, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, 0103 physical sciences, ROSAT, Thermal, Cluster (physics), Planck, Planck ESA mission, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Galaxies: clusters: general, Physics, X rays, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 115 Astronomy, Space science, Galaxies, Galaxy, Baryon, galaxies: clusters: general, galaxies: clusters: general / large-scale structure of universe, large-scale structure of universe, Space and Planetary Science, symbols, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: [Context]: About half of the baryons of the Universe are expected to be in the form of filaments of hot and low-density intergalactic medium. Most of these baryons remain undetected even by the most advanced X-ray observatories, which are limited in sensitivity to the diffuse low-density medium. [Aims]: The Planck satellite has provided hundreds of detections of the hot gas in clusters of galaxies via the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect and is an ideal instrument for studying extended low-density media through the tSZ effect. In this paper we use the Planck data to search for signatures of a fraction of these missing baryons between pairs of galaxy clusters. [Methods]: Cluster pairs are good candidates for searching for the hotter and denser phase of the intergalactic medium (which is more easily observed through the SZ effect). Using an X-ray catalogue of clusters and the Planck data, we selected physical pairs of clusters as candidates. Using the Planck data, we constructed a local map of the tSZ effect centred on each pair of galaxy clusters. ROSAT data were used to construct X-ray maps of these pairs. After modelling and subtracting the tSZ effect and X-ray emission for each cluster in the pair, we studied the residuals on both the SZ and X-ray maps. [Results]: For the merging cluster pair A399-A401 we observe a significant tSZ effect signal in the intercluster region beyond the virial radii of the clusters. A joint X-ray SZ analysis allows us to constrain the temperature and density of this intercluster medium. We obtain a temperature of kT = 7.1 ± 0.9 keV (consistent with previous estimates) and a baryon density of (3.7 ± 0.2) × 10-4 cm -3. Conclusions. The Planck satellite mission has provided the first SZ detection of the hot and diffuse intercluster gas. © 2013 ESO., The development of Planck has been supported by: ESA; CNES and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MICINN and JA (Spain); Tekes, AoF and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); and PRACE (EU).
Published: 2016

11. Planck 2015. XX. Constraints on inflation

Author: Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Arroja, F., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Levy, A., Bernard, J.P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.F., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., Chary, R.R., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Church, S., Clements, D.L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Contreras, D., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., de Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Desert, F.X., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Ensslin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Fergusson, J., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Gauthier, C., Giard, M., Giraud-Heraud, Y., Gjerlow, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Hamann, J., Handley, W., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D.L., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huang, Z., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kim, J., Kisner, T.S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lahteenmaki, A., Lamarre, J.M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leonardi, R., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Lewis, A., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Ma, Y.Z., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Mazzotta, P., McGehee, P., Meinhold, P.R., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Miville-Deschenes, M.A., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Munchmeyer, M., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.A., Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C.B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oxborrow, C.A., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paladini, R., Pandolfi, S., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Pearson, T.J., Peiris, H.V., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Popa, L., Pratt, G.W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.L., Rachen, J.P., Reach, W.T., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rowan-Robinson, M., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Shellard, E.P.S., Shiraishi, M., Spencer, L.D., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.S., Sygnet, J.F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Trombetti, T., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I.K., White, M., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zibin, J.P., and Zonca, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics and Astronomy, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the implications for cosmic inflation of the Planck measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies in both temperature and polarization based on the full Planck survey. The Planck full mission temperature data and a first release of polarization data on large angular scales measure the spectral index of curvature perturbations to be $n_\mathrm{s} = 0.968 \pm 0.006$ and tightly constrain its scale dependence to $d n_s/d \ln k =-0.003 \pm 0.007$ when combined with the Planck lensing likelihood. When the high-$\ell$ polarization data is included, the results are consistent and uncertainties are reduced. The upper bound on the tensor-to-scalar ratio is $r_{0.002} < 0.11$ (95% CL), consistent with the B-mode polarization constraint $r< 0.12$ (95% CL) obtained from a joint BICEP2/Keck Array and Planck analysis. These results imply that $V(\phi) \propto \phi^2$ and natural inflation are now disfavoured compared to models predicting a smaller tensor-to-scalar ratio, such as $R^2$ inflation. Three independent methods reconstructing the primordial power spectrum are investigated. The Planck data are consistent with adiabatic primordial perturbations. We investigate inflationary models producing an anisotropic modulation of the primordial curvature power spectrum as well as generalized models of inflation not governed by a scalar field with a canonical kinetic term. The 2015 results are consistent with the 2013 analysis based on the nominal mission data. We present the implications for cosmic inflation of the Planck measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies in both temperature and polarization based on the full Planck survey, which includes more than twice the integration time of the nominal survey used for the 2013 release papers. The Planck full mission temperature data and a first release of polarization data on large angular scales measure the spectral index of curvature perturbations to be n_s = 0.968 +- 0.006 and tightly constrain its scale dependence to dn_s/ dlnk = -0.003 +- 0.007 when combined with the Planck lensing likelihood. When the Planck high-l polarization data are included, the results are consistent and uncertainties are further reduced. The upper bound on the tensor-to-scalar ratio is r_0.002 (95% CL). This upper limit is consistent with the B-mode polarization constraint r (95% CL) obtained from a joint analysis of the BICEP2/Keck Array and Planck data. These results imply that V(phi) ∝ phi^2 and natural inflation are now disfavoured compared to models predicting a smaller tensor-to-scalar ratio, such as R^2 inflation. We search for several physically motivated deviations from a simple power-law spectrum of curvature perturbations, including those motivated by a reconstruction of the inflaton potential not relying on the slow-roll approximation. We find that such models are not preferred, either according to a Bayesian model comparison or according to a frequentist simulation-based analysis. Three independent methods reconstructing the primordial power spectrum consistently recover a featureless and smooth [??] over the range of scales 0.008 Mpc^-1 ≲ k ≲ 0.1 Mpc^-1. At large scales, each method finds deviations from a power law, connected to a deficit at multipoles l sim 20-40 in the temperature power spectrum, but at an uncompelling statistical significance owing to the large cosmic variance present at these multipoles. By combining power spectrum and non-Gaussianity bounds, we constrain models with generalized Lagrangians, including Galileon models and axion monodromy models. The Planck data are consistent with adiabatic primordial perturbations, and the estimated values for the parameters of the base Lambda cold dark matter (LambdaCDM) model are not significantly altered when more general initial conditions are admitted. In correlated mixed adiabatic and isocurvature models, the 95% CL upper bound for the non-adiabatic contribution to the observed CMB temperature variance is | alpha_non - adi | %, 4.0%, and 2.9% for CDM, neutrino density, and neutrino velocity isocurvature modes, respectively. We have tested inflationary models producing an anisotropic modulation of the primordial curvature power spectrum findingthat the dipolar modulation in the CMB temperature field induced by a CDM isocurvature perturbation is not preferred at a statistically significant level. We also establish tight constraints on a possible quadrupolar modulation of the curvature perturbation. These results are consistent with the Planck 2013 analysis based on the nominal mission data and further constrain slow-roll single-field inflationary models, as expected from the increased precision of Planck data using the full set of observations. We present the implications for cosmic inflation of the Planck measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies in both temperature and polarization based on the full Planck survey. The Planck full mission temperature data and a first release of polarization data on large angular scales measure the spectral index of curvature perturbations to be $n_\mathrm{s} = 0.968 \pm 0.006$ and tightly constrain its scale dependence to $d n_s/d \ln k =-0.003 \pm 0.007$ when combined with the Planck lensing likelihood. When the high-$\ell$ polarization data is included, the results are consistent and uncertainties are reduced. The upper bound on the tensor-to-scalar ratio is $r_{0.002} < 0.11$ (95% CL), consistent with the B-mode polarization constraint $r< 0.12$ (95% CL) obtained from a joint BICEP2/Keck Array and Planck analysis. These results imply that $V(\phi) \propto \phi^2$ and natural inflation are now disfavoured compared to models predicting a smaller tensor-to-scalar ratio, such as $R^2$ inflation. Three independent methods reconstructing the primordial power spectrum are investigated. The Planck data are consistent with adiabatic primordial perturbations. We investigate inflationary models producing an anisotropic modulation of the primordial curvature power spectrum as well as generalized models of inflation not governed by a scalar field with a canonical kinetic term. The 2015 results are consistent with the 2013 analysis based on the nominal mission data.
Published: 2015

12. A plethora of diffuse steep spectrum radio sources in Abell 2034 revealed by LOFAR

Author: Shimwell, T.W., Luckin, J., Brüggen, M., Brunetti, G., Intema, H.T., Owers, M.S., Röttgering, H.J.A., Stroe, A., Weeren, R.J. van, Williams, W.L., Cassano, R., Gasperin, F. de, Heald, G.H., Hoang, D.N., Hardcastle, M.J., Sridhar, S.S., Sabater, J., Best, P.N., Bonafede, A., Chyży, K.T., Enßlin, T.A., Ferrari, C., Haverkorn, M., Hoeft, M., Horellou, C., McKean, J.P., Morabito, L.K., Orrù, E., Pizzo, R., Retana-Montenegro, E., White, G.J., Shimwell, T.W., Luckin, J., Brüggen, M., Brunetti, G., Intema, H.T., Owers, M.S., Röttgering, H.J.A., Stroe, A., Weeren, R.J. van, Williams, W.L., Cassano, R., Gasperin, F. de, Heald, G.H., Hoang, D.N., Hardcastle, M.J., Sridhar, S.S., Sabater, J., Best, P.N., Bonafede, A., Chyży, K.T., Enßlin, T.A., Ferrari, C., Haverkorn, M., Hoeft, M., Horellou, C., McKean, J.P., Morabito, L.K., Orrù, E., Pizzo, R., Retana-Montenegro, E., and White, G.J.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 159669.pdf (preprint version ) (Open Access)
Published: 2016

13. Planck intermediate results XXXV. Probing the role of the magnetic field in the formation of structure in molecular clouds

Author: Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Alves, M.I.R., Arnaud, M., Arzoumanian, D., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J.J., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Boulanger, F., Bracco, A., Burigana, C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Couchot, F., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Falceta-Gonçalves, D., Falgarone, E., Ferrière, K., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Ghosh, T., Giard, M., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Guillet, V., Harrison, D., Helou, G., Hennebelle, P., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T.S., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leonardi, R., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Netterfield, C.B., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oppermann, N., Oxborrow, C.A., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paladini, R., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Perotto, L., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Pratt, G.W., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Soler, J.D., Stolyarov, V., Sudiwala, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Ysard, N., Yvon, D., Zonca, A., Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Alves, M.I.R., Arnaud, M., Arzoumanian, D., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J.J., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Boulanger, F., Bracco, A., Burigana, C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Couchot, F., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Falceta-Gonçalves, D., Falgarone, E., Ferrière, K., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Ghosh, T., Giard, M., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Guillet, V., Harrison, D., Helou, G., Hennebelle, P., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T.S., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leonardi, R., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Netterfield, C.B., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oppermann, N., Oxborrow, C.A., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paladini, R., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Perotto, L., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Pratt, G.W., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Soler, J.D., Stolyarov, V., Sudiwala, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Ysard, N., Yvon, D., and Zonca, A.
Abstract: Within ten nearby (d < 450 pc) Gould belt molecular clouds we evaluate statistically the relative orientation between the magnetic field projected on the plane of sky, inferred from the polarized thermal emission of Galactic dust observed by Planck at 353 GHz, and the gas column density structures, quantified by the gradient of the column density, NH. The selected regions, covering several degrees in size, are analysed at an effective angular resolution of 10′ FWHM, thus sampling physical scales from 0.4 to 40 pc in the nearest cloud. The column densities in the selected regions range from NH≈ 1021 to1023 cm-2, and hence they correspond to the bulk of the molecular clouds. The relative orientation is evaluated pixel by pixel and analysed in bins of column density using the novel statistical tool called “histogram of relative orientations”. Throughout this study, we assume that the polarized emission observed by Planck at 353 GHz is representative of the projected morphology of the magnetic field in each region, i.e., we assume a constant dust grain alignment efficiency, independent of the local environment. Within most clouds we find that the relative orientation changes progressively with increasing NH, from mostly parallel or having no preferred orientation to mostly perpendicular. In simulations of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence in molecular clouds this trend in relative orientation is a signature of Alfvénic or sub-Alfvénic turbulence, implying that the magnetic field is significant for the gas dynamics at the scales probed by Planck. We compare the deduced magnetic field strength with estimates we obtain from other methods and discuss the implications of the Planck observations for the general picture of molecular cloud formation and evolution.
Published: 2016

14. Planck intermediate results XL. The Sunyaev-Zeldovich signal from the Virgo cluster

Author: Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Churazov, E., Clements, D.L., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Comis, B., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dolag, K., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Hansen, F.K., Harrison, D., Helou, G., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T.S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leonardi, R., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maffei, B., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Marcos-Caballero, A., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Mazzotta, P., Meinhold, P.R., Melchiorri, A., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oppermann, N., Oxborrow, C.A., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Pearson, T.J., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Pratt, G.W., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Schaefer, B.M., Scott, D., Soler, J.D., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Weller, J., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Churazov, E., Clements, D.L., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Comis, B., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dolag, K., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Hansen, F.K., Harrison, D., Helou, G., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T.S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leonardi, R., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maffei, B., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Marcos-Caballero, A., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Mazzotta, P., Meinhold, P.R., Melchiorri, A., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oppermann, N., Oxborrow, C.A., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Pearson, T.J., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Pratt, G.W., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Schaefer, B.M., Scott, D., Soler, J.D., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Weller, J., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
Abstract: The Virgo cluster is the largest Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) source in the sky, both in terms of angular size and total integrated flux. Planck’s wide angular scale and frequency coverage, together with its high sensitivity, enable a detailed study of this big object through the SZ effect. Virgo is well resolved by Planck, showing an elongated structure that correlates well with the morphology observed from X-rays, but extends beyond the observed X-ray signal. We find good agreement between the SZ signal (or Compton parameter, yc) observed by Planck and the expected signal inferred from X-ray observations and simple analytical models. Owing to its proximity to us, the gas beyond the virial radius in Virgo can be studied with unprecedented sensitivity by integrating the SZ signal over tens of square degrees. We study the signal in the outskirts of Virgo and compare it with analytical models and a constrained simulation of the environment of Virgo. Planck data suggest that significant amounts of low-density plasma surround Virgo, out to twice the virial radius. We find the SZ signal in the outskirts of Virgo to be consistent with a simple model that extrapolates the inferred pressure at lower radii, while assuming that the temperature stays in the keV range beyond the virial radius. The observed signal is also consistent with simulations and points to a shallow pressure profile in the outskirts of the cluster. This reservoir of gas at large radii can be linked with the hottest phase of the elusive warm/hot intergalactic medium. Taking the lack of symmetry of Virgo into account, we find that a prolate model is favoured by the combination of SZ and X-ray data, in agreement with predictions. Finally, based on the combination of the same SZ and X-ray data, we constrain the total amount of gas in Virgo. Under the hypothesis that the abundance of baryons in Virgo is representative of the cosmic average, we also infer a distance for Virgo of approximately 18 Mpc, in good agreemen
Published: 2016

15. Planck 2015 results XII. Full focal plane simulations

Author: Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartlett, J.G., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J.J., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Castex, G., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Clements, D.L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J.-M., Desert, F.-X., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dolag, K., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Fergusson, J., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Ghosh, T., Giard, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Karakci, A., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kisner, T.S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leonardi, R., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lindholm, V., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., McGehee, P., Meinhold, P.R., Melchiorri, A., Melin, J.-B., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C.B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oxborrow, C.A., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Pearson, T.J., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Pratt, G.W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Roman, M., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Shellard, E.P.S., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sudiwala, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Welikala, N., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartlett, J.G., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J.J., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Castex, G., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Clements, D.L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J.-M., Desert, F.-X., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dolag, K., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Fergusson, J., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Ghosh, T., Giard, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Karakci, A., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kisner, T.S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leonardi, R., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lindholm, V., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., McGehee, P., Meinhold, P.R., Melchiorri, A., Melin, J.-B., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C.B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oxborrow, C.A., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Pearson, T.J., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Pratt, G.W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Roman, M., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Shellard, E.P.S., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sudiwala, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Welikala, N., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
Abstract: We present the 8th full focal plane simulation set (FFP8), deployed in support of the Planck 2015 results. FFP8 consists of 10 fiducial mission realizations reduced to 18 144 maps, together with the most massive suite of Monte Carlo realizations of instrument noise and CMB ever generated, comprising 104 mission realizations reduced to about 106 maps. The resulting maps incorporate the dominant instrumental, scanning, and data analysis effects, and the remaining subdominant effects will be included in future updates. Generated at a cost of some 25 million CPU-hours spread across multiple high-performance-computing (HPC) platforms, FFP8 is used to validate and verify analysis algorithms and their implementations, and to remove biases from and quantify uncertainties in the results of analyses of the real data.
Published: 2016

16. Planck 2015 results XXII. A map of the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect

Author: Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartlett, J.G., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Battye, R., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J.J., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Churazov, E., Clements, D.L., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Comis, B., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Desert, F.-X., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dolag, K., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Fergusson, J., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Genova-Santos, R.T., Giard, M., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Hansen, F.K., Harrison, D., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lacasa, F., Lagache, G., Lahteenmaki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Leonardi, R., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maffei, B., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Melchiorri, A., Melin, J.-B., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Pratt, G.W., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Sauvé, A., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sunyaev, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tramonte, D., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartlett, J.G., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Battye, R., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J.J., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Churazov, E., Clements, D.L., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Comis, B., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Desert, F.-X., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dolag, K., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Fergusson, J., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Genova-Santos, R.T., Giard, M., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Hansen, F.K., Harrison, D., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lacasa, F., Lagache, G., Lahteenmaki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Leonardi, R., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maffei, B., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Melchiorri, A., Melin, J.-B., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Pratt, G.W., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Sauvé, A., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sunyaev, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tramonte, D., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
Abstract: We have constructed all-sky Compton parameters maps, y-maps, of the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (tSZ) effect by applying specifically tailored component separation algorithms to the 30 to 857 GHz frequency channel maps from the Planck satellite. These reconstructed y-maps are delivered as part of the Planck 2015 release. The y-maps are characterized in terms of noise properties and residual foreground contamination, mainly thermal dust emission at large angular scales, and cosmic infrared background and extragalactic point sources at small angular scales. Specific masks are defined to minimize foreground residuals and systematics. Using these masks, we compute the y-map angular power spectrum and higher order statistics. From these we conclude that the y-map is dominated by tSZ signal in the multipole range, 20 <ℓ< 600. We compare the measured tSZ power spectrum and higher order statistics to various physically motivated models and discuss the implications of our results in terms of cluster physics and cosmology.
Published: 2016

17. Planck 2015 results I. Overview of products and scientific results

Author: Adam, R., Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Akrami, Y., Alves, M.I.R., Argueso, F., Arnaud, M., Arroja, F., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartlett, J.G., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Battaglia, P., Battaner, E., Battye, R., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bertincourt, B., Bielewicz, P., Bikmaev, I., Bock, J.J., Böhringer, H., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Burenin, R., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Carvalho, P., Casaponsa, B., Castex, G., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., Chary, R.-R., Chiang, H.C., Chluba, J., Chon, G., Christensen, P.R., Church, S., Clemens, M., Clements, D.L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Comis, B., Contreras, D., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Cruz, M., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J.-M., Desert, F.-X., Di Valentino, E., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dolag, K., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dunkley, J., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Eisenhardt, P., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Falgarone, E., Fantaye, Y., Farhang, M., Feeney, S., Fergusson, J., Fernandez-Cobos, R., Feroz, F., Finelli, F., Florido, E., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschet, C., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Gautier, B., Genova-Santos, R.T., Gerbino, M., Ghosh, T., Giard, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Giusarma, E., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Grainge, K.J.B., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Hamann, J., Handley, W., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Heavens, A.F., Helou, G., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huang, Z., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Ilić, S., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jin, T., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Karakci, A., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Khamitov, I., Kiiveri, K., Kim, J., Kisner, T.S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Knox, L., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lacasa, F., Lagache, G., Lahteenmaki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Langer, M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Le Jeune, M., Leahy, J.P., Lellouch, E., Leonardi, R., Leon-Tavares, J., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Lewis, A., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Lilley, M., Linden-Vornle, M., Lindholm, V., Liu, H., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Ma, Y.-Z., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mak, D.S.Y., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Marchini, A., Marcos-Caballero, A., Marinucci, D., Maris, M., Marshall, D.J., Martin, P.G., Martinelli, M., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Mazzotta, P., McEwen, J.D., McGehee, P., Mei, S., Meinhold, P.R., Melchiorri, A., Melin, J.-B., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mikkelsen, K., Millea, M., Mitra, S., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Moreno, R., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Mottet, S., Münchmeyer, M., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Narimani, A., Naselsky, P., Nastasi, A., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Negrello, M., Netterfield, C.B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Olamaie, M., Oppermann, N., Orlando, E., Oxborrow, C.A., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paladini, R., Pandolfi, S., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Pearson, T.J., Peel, M., Peiris, H., Pelkonen, V.-M., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrott, Y.C., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pogosyan, D., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Popa, L., Pratt, G.W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Racine, B., Reach, W.T., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Roman, M., Romelli, E., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Rotti, A., Roudier, G., Rouillé d’Orfeuil, B., Rowan-Robinson, M., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Ruiz-Granados, B., Rumsey, C., Rusholme, B., Said, N., Salvatelli, V., Salvati, L., Sandri, M., Sanghera, H.S., Santos, D., Saunders, R.D.E., Sauvé, A., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Schaefer, B.M., Schammel, M.P., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Serra, P., Shellard, E.P.S., Shimwell, T.W., Shiraishi, M., Smith, K., Souradeep, T., Spencer, L., Spinelli, M., Stanford, S.A., Stern, D., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Strong, A.W., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Sutter, P., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Tavagnacco, D., Terenzi, L., Texier, D., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tornikoski, M., Tramonte, D., Tristram, M., Troja, A., Trombetti, T., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Turler, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vassallo, T., Vibert, L., Vidal, M., Viel, M., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Walter, B., Wandelt, B.D., Watson, R., Wehus, I., Welikala, N., Weller, J., White, M., White, S.D.M., Wilkinson, A., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zibin, J.P., Zonca, A., Adam, R., Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Akrami, Y., Alves, M.I.R., Argueso, F., Arnaud, M., Arroja, F., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartlett, J.G., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Battaglia, P., Battaner, E., Battye, R., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bertincourt, B., Bielewicz, P., Bikmaev, I., Bock, J.J., Böhringer, H., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Burenin, R., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Carvalho, P., Casaponsa, B., Castex, G., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., Chary, R.-R., Chiang, H.C., Chluba, J., Chon, G., Christensen, P.R., Church, S., Clemens, M., Clements, D.L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Comis, B., Contreras, D., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Cruz, M., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J.-M., Desert, F.-X., Di Valentino, E., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dolag, K., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dunkley, J., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Eisenhardt, P., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Falgarone, E., Fantaye, Y., Farhang, M., Feeney, S., Fergusson, J., Fernandez-Cobos, R., Feroz, F., Finelli, F., Florido, E., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschet, C., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Gautier, B., Genova-Santos, R.T., Gerbino, M., Ghosh, T., Giard, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Giusarma, E., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Grainge, K.J.B., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Hamann, J., Handley, W., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Heavens, A.F., Helou, G., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huang, Z., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Ilić, S., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jin, T., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Karakci, A., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Khamitov, I., Kiiveri, K., Kim, J., Kisner, T.S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Knox, L., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lacasa, F., Lagache, G., Lahteenmaki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Langer, M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Le Jeune, M., Leahy, J.P., Lellouch, E., Leonardi, R., Leon-Tavares, J., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Lewis, A., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Lilley, M., Linden-Vornle, M., Lindholm, V., Liu, H., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Ma, Y.-Z., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mak, D.S.Y., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Marchini, A., Marcos-Caballero, A., Marinucci, D., Maris, M., Marshall, D.J., Martin, P.G., Martinelli, M., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Mazzotta, P., McEwen, J.D., McGehee, P., Mei, S., Meinhold, P.R., Melchiorri, A., Melin, J.-B., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mikkelsen, K., Millea, M., Mitra, S., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Moreno, R., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Mottet, S., Münchmeyer, M., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Narimani, A., Naselsky, P., Nastasi, A., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Negrello, M., Netterfield, C.B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Olamaie, M., Oppermann, N., Orlando, E., Oxborrow, C.A., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paladini, R., Pandolfi, S., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Pearson, T.J., Peel, M., Peiris, H., Pelkonen, V.-M., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrott, Y.C., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pogosyan, D., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Popa, L., Pratt, G.W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Racine, B., Reach, W.T., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Roman, M., Romelli, E., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Rotti, A., Roudier, G., Rouillé d’Orfeuil, B., Rowan-Robinson, M., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Ruiz-Granados, B., Rumsey, C., Rusholme, B., Said, N., Salvatelli, V., Salvati, L., Sandri, M., Sanghera, H.S., Santos, D., Saunders, R.D.E., Sauvé, A., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Schaefer, B.M., Schammel, M.P., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Serra, P., Shellard, E.P.S., Shimwell, T.W., Shiraishi, M., Smith, K., Souradeep, T., Spencer, L., Spinelli, M., Stanford, S.A., Stern, D., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Strong, A.W., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Sutter, P., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Tavagnacco, D., Terenzi, L., Texier, D., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tornikoski, M., Tramonte, D., Tristram, M., Troja, A., Trombetti, T., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Turler, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vassallo, T., Vibert, L., Vidal, M., Viel, M., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Walter, B., Wandelt, B.D., Watson, R., Wehus, I., Welikala, N., Weller, J., White, M., White, S.D.M., Wilkinson, A., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zibin, J.P., and Zonca, A.
Abstract: The European Space Agency’s Planck satellite, which is dedicated to studying the early Universe and its subsequent evolution, was launched on 14 May 2009. It scanned the microwave and submillimetre sky continuously between 12 August 2009 and 23 October 2013. In February 2015, ESA and the Planck Collaboration released the second set of cosmology products based ondata from the entire Planck mission, including both temperature and polarization, along with a set of scientific and technical papers and a web-based explanatory supplement. This paper gives an overview of the main characteristics of the data and the data products in the release, as well as the associated cosmological and astrophysical science results and papers. The data products include maps of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect, diffuse foregrounds in temperature and polarization, catalogues of compact Galactic and extragalactic sources (including separate catalogues of Sunyaev-Zeldovich clusters and Galactic cold clumps), and extensive simulations of signals and noise used in assessing uncertainties and the performance of the analysis methods. The likelihood code used to assess cosmological models against the Planck data is described, along with a CMB lensing likelihood. Scientific results include cosmological parameters derived from CMB power spectra, gravitational lensing, and cluster counts, as well as constraints on inflation, non-Gaussianity, primordial magnetic fields, dark energy, and modified gravity, and new results on low-frequency Galactic foregrounds.
Published: 2016

18. Planck 2015 results XVI. Isotropy and statistics of the CMB

Author: Ade, P.A.R., Ashdown, M., Akrami, Y., Aluri, P.K., Arnaud, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J.J., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Casaponsa, B., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Church, S., Clements, D.L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Contreras, D., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Cruz, M., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Desert, F.-X., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Fantaye, Y., Fergusson, J., Fernandez-Cobos, R., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Gautier, B., Ghosh, T., Giard, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huang, Z., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kim, J., Kisner, T.S., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lahteenmaki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leonardi, R., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Liu, H., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Magilli, A., Marinucci, D., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., McGehee, P., Meinhold, P.R., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mikkelsen, K., Mitra, S., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Moss, A., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C.B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oxborrow, C.A., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Pant, N., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Pearson, T.J., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Popa, L., Pratt, G.W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Rotti, A., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Shellard, E.P.S., Souradeep, T., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Trombetti, T., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zibin, J.P., Zonca, A., Ade, P.A.R., Ashdown, M., Akrami, Y., Aluri, P.K., Arnaud, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J.J., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Casaponsa, B., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Church, S., Clements, D.L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Contreras, D., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Cruz, M., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Desert, F.-X., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Fantaye, Y., Fergusson, J., Fernandez-Cobos, R., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Gautier, B., Ghosh, T., Giard, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huang, Z., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kim, J., Kisner, T.S., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lahteenmaki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leonardi, R., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Liu, H., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Magilli, A., Marinucci, D., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., McGehee, P., Meinhold, P.R., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mikkelsen, K., Mitra, S., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Moss, A., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C.B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oxborrow, C.A., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Pant, N., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Pearson, T.J., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Popa, L., Pratt, G.W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Rotti, A., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Shellard, E.P.S., Souradeep, T., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Trombetti, T., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zibin, J.P., and Zonca, A.
Abstract: We test the statistical isotropy and Gaussianity of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies using observations made by the Planck satellite. Our results are based mainly on the full Planck mission for temperature, but also include some polarization measurements. In particular, we consider the CMB anisotropy maps derived from the multi-frequency Planck data by several component-separation methods. For the temperature anisotropies, we find excellent agreement between results based on these sky maps over both a very large fraction of the sky and a broad range of angular scales, establishing that potential foreground residuals do not affect our studies. Tests of skewness, kurtosis, multi-normality, N-point functions, and Minkowski functionals indicate consistency with Gaussianity, while a power deficit at large angular scales is manifested in several ways, for example low map variance. The results of a peak statistics analysis are consistent with the expectations of a Gaussian random field. The “Cold Spot” is detected with several methods, including map kurtosis, peak statistics, and mean temperature profile. We thoroughly probe the large-scale dipolar power asymmetry, detecting it with several independent tests, and address the subject of a posteriori correction. Tests of directionality suggest the presence of angular clustering from large to small scales, but at a significance that is dependent on the details of the approach. We perform the first examination of polarization data, finding the morphology of stacked peaks to be consistent with the expectations of statistically isotropic simulations. Where they overlap, these results are consistent with the Planck 2013 analysis based on the nominal mission data and provide our most thorough view of the statistics of the CMB fluctuations to date.
Published: 2016

19. Planck intermediate results XXXII. The relative orientation between the magnetic field and structures traced by interstellar dust

Author: Adam, R., Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Alves, M.I.R., Arnaud, M., Arzoumanian, D., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Boulanger, F., Bracco, A., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Couchot, F., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Falgarone, E., Ferrière, K., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Ghosh, T., Giard, M., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Guillet, V., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T.S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leonardi, R., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maffei, B., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Marshall, D.J., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Mazzotta, P., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Natoli, P., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oppermann, N., Oxborrow, C.A., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Popa, L., Pratt, G.W., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reach, W.T., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savini, G., Scott, D., Soler, J.D., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Wiesemeyer, H., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Adam, R., Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Alves, M.I.R., Arnaud, M., Arzoumanian, D., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Boulanger, F., Bracco, A., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Couchot, F., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Falgarone, E., Ferrière, K., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Ghosh, T., Giard, M., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Guillet, V., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T.S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leonardi, R., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maffei, B., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Marshall, D.J., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Mazzotta, P., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Natoli, P., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oppermann, N., Oxborrow, C.A., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Popa, L., Pratt, G.W., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reach, W.T., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savini, G., Scott, D., Soler, J.D., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Wiesemeyer, H., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
Abstract: The role of the magnetic field in the formation of the filamentary structures observed in the interstellar medium (ISM) is a debated topic owing to the paucity of relevant observations needed to test existing models. The Planck all-sky maps of linearly polarized emission from dust at 353 GHz provide the required combination of imaging and statistics to study the correlation between the structures of the Galactic magnetic field and of interstellar matter over the whole sky, both in the diffuse ISM and in molecular clouds. The data reveal that structures, or ridges, in the intensity map have counterparts in the Stokes Q and/or U maps. We focus our study on structures at intermediate and high Galactic latitudes, which cover two orders of magnitude in column density, from 1020 to 1022 cm-2. We measure the magnetic field orientation on the plane ofthe sky from the polarization data, and present an algorithm to estimate the orientation of the ridges from the dust intensity map. We use analytical models to account for projection effects. Comparing polarization angles on and off the structures, we estimate the mean ratio between the strengths of the turbulent and mean components of the magnetic field to be between 0.6 and 1.0, with a preferred value of 0.8. We find that the ridges are usually aligned with the magnetic field measured on the structures. This statistical trend becomes more striking for increasing polarization fraction and decreasing column density. There is no alignment for the highest column density ridges. We interpret the increase in alignment with polarization fraction as a consequence of projection effects. We present maps to show that the decrease in alignment for high column density is not due to a loss of correlation between the distribution of matter and the geometry of the magnetic field. In molecular complexes, we also observe structures perpendicular to the magnetic field, which, statistically, cannot be accounted for by projection effects. This fi
Published: 2016

20. Planck 2015 results IV. Low Frequency Instrument beams and window functions

Author: Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J.J., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Christensen, P.R., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Fergusson, J., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Giard, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Henrot-Versille, S., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kisner, T.S., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lahteenmaki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leahy, J.P., Leonardi, R., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lindholm, V., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Mazzotta, P., McGehee, P., Meinhold, P.R., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C.B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Pearson, T.J., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Pratt, G.W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Shellard, E.P.S., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vassallo, T., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Watson, R., Wehus, I., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J.J., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Christensen, P.R., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Fergusson, J., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Giard, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Henrot-Versille, S., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kisner, T.S., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lahteenmaki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leahy, J.P., Leonardi, R., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lindholm, V., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Mazzotta, P., McGehee, P., Meinhold, P.R., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C.B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Pearson, T.J., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Pratt, G.W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Shellard, E.P.S., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vassallo, T., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Watson, R., Wehus, I., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
Abstract: This paper presents the characterization of the in-flight beams, the beam window functions, and the associated uncertainties for the Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI). The structure of the paper is similar to that presented in the 2013 Planck release; the main differences concern the beam normalization and the delivery of the window functions to be used for polarization analysis. The in-flight assessment of the LFI main beams relies on measurements performed during observations of Jupiter. By stacking data from seven Jupiter transits, the main beam profiles are measured down to –25 dB at 30 and 44 GHz, and down to –30 dB at 70 GHz. It has been confirmed that the agreement between the simulated beams and the measured beams is better than 1% at each LFI frequency band (within the 20 dB contour from the peak, the rms values are 0.1% at 30 and 70 GHz; 0.2% at 44 GHz). Simulated polarized beams are used for the computation of the effective beam window functions. The error budget for the window functions is estimated from both main beam and sidelobe contributions, and accounts for the radiometer band shapes. The total uncertainties in the effective beam window functions are 0.7% and 1% at 30 and 44 GHz, respectively (at ℓ ≈ 600); and 0.5% at 70 GHz (at ℓ ≈ 1000).
Published: 2016

21. Planck 2015 results XXVI. The Second Planck Catalogue of Compact Sources

Author: Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Argueso, F., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Beichman, C., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J.J., Böhringer, H., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Carvalho, P., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., Chary, R.-R., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Clemens, M., Clements, D.L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Desert, F.-X., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Falgarone, E., Fergusson, J., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Giard, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Helou, G., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T.S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lahteenmaki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leahy, J.P., Leonardi, R., Leon-Tavares, J., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Marshall, D.J., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., McGehee, P., Meinhold, P.R., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Negrello, M., Netterfield, C.B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oxborrow, C.A., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paladini, R., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Pearson, T.J., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Pratt, G.W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reach, W.T., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rowan-Robinson, M., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Sanghera, H.S., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Shellard, E.P.S., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tornikoski, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Turler, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Walter, B., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Argueso, F., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Beichman, C., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J.J., Böhringer, H., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Carvalho, P., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., Chary, R.-R., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Clemens, M., Clements, D.L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Desert, F.-X., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Falgarone, E., Fergusson, J., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Giard, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Helou, G., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T.S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lahteenmaki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leahy, J.P., Leonardi, R., Leon-Tavares, J., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Marshall, D.J., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., McGehee, P., Meinhold, P.R., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Negrello, M., Netterfield, C.B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oxborrow, C.A., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paladini, R., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Pearson, T.J., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Pratt, G.W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reach, W.T., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rowan-Robinson, M., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Sanghera, H.S., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Shellard, E.P.S., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tornikoski, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Turler, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Walter, B., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
Abstract: The Second Planck Catalogue of Compact Sources is a list of discrete objects detected in single-frequency maps from the full duration of the Planck mission and supersedes previous versions. It consists of compact sources, both Galactic and extragalactic, detected over the entire sky. Compact sources detected in the lower frequency channels are assigned to the PCCS2, while at higher frequencies they are assigned to one of two subcatalogues, the PCCS2 or PCCS2E, depending on their location on the sky. The first of these (PCCS2) covers most of the sky and allows the user to produce subsamples at higher reliabilities than the target 80% integral reliability of the catalogue. The second (PCCS2E) contains sources detected in sky regions where the diffuse emission makes it difficult to quantify the reliability of the detections. Both the PCCS2 and PCCS2E include polarization measurements, in the form of polarized flux densities, or upper limits, and orientation angles for all seven polarization-sensitive Planck channels. The improved data-processing of the full-mission maps and their reduced noise levels allow us to increase the number of objects in the catalogue, improving its completeness for the target 80% reliability as compared with the previous versions, the PCCS and the Early Release Compact Source Catalogue (ERCSC).
Published: 2016

22. Planck 2015 results VII. High Frequency Instrument data processing: Time-ordered information and beams

Author: Adam, R., Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bertincourt, B., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J.J., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., Chary, R.-R., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Clements, D.L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J.-M., Desert, F.-X., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Falgarone, E., Fergusson, J., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Ghosh, T., Giard, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gratton, S., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Henrot-Versille, S., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T.S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Le Jeune, M., Leahy, J.P., Lellouch, E., Leonardi, R., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., McGehee, P., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Moreno, R., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Mottet, S., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C.B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oxborrow, C.A., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Pearson, T.J., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Pratt, G.W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rowan-Robinson, M., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Sauvé, A., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Shellard, E.P.S., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sudiwala, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vibert, L., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Watson, R., Wehus, I., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Adam, R., Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bertincourt, B., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J.J., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., Chary, R.-R., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Clements, D.L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J.-M., Desert, F.-X., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Falgarone, E., Fergusson, J., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Ghosh, T., Giard, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gratton, S., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Henrot-Versille, S., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T.S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Le Jeune, M., Leahy, J.P., Lellouch, E., Leonardi, R., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., McGehee, P., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Moreno, R., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Mottet, S., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C.B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oxborrow, C.A., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Pearson, T.J., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Pratt, G.W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rowan-Robinson, M., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Sauvé, A., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Shellard, E.P.S., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sudiwala, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vibert, L., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Watson, R., Wehus, I., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
Abstract: The Planck High Frequency Instrument (HFI) has observed the full sky at six frequencies (100, 143, 217, 353, 545, and 857 GHz) in intensity and at four frequencies in linear polarization (100, 143, 217, and 353 GHz). In order to obtain sky maps, the time-ordered information (TOI) containing the detector and pointing samples must be processed and the angular response must be assessed. The full mission TOI is included in the Planck 2015 release. This paper describes the HFI TOI and beam processing for the 2015 release. HFI calibration and map making are described in a companion paper. The main pipeline has been modified since the last release (2013 nominal mission in intensity only), by including a correction for the nonlinearity of the warm readout and by improving the model of the bolometer time response. The beam processing is an essential tool that derives the angular response used in all the Planck science papers and we report an improvement in the effective beam window function uncertainty of more than a factor of 10 relative to the2013 release. Noise correlations introduced by pipeline filtering function are assessed using dedicated simulations. Angular cross-power spectra using data sets that are decorrelated in time are immune to the main systematic effects.
Published: 2016

23. Planck 2015 results VI. LFI mapmaking

Author: Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Chary, R.-R., Christensen, P.R., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Fergusson, J., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Giard, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Henrot-Versille, S., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kisner, T.S., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lahteenmaki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leahy, J.P., Leonardi, R., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lindholm, V., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Mazzotta, P., McGehee, P., Meinhold, P.R., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C.B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Pearson, T.J., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Pratt, G.W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Shellard, E.P.S., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vassallo, T., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Watson, R., Wehus, I., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Chary, R.-R., Christensen, P.R., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Fergusson, J., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Giard, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Henrot-Versille, S., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kisner, T.S., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lahteenmaki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leahy, J.P., Leonardi, R., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lindholm, V., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Mazzotta, P., McGehee, P., Meinhold, P.R., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C.B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Pearson, T.J., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Pratt, G.W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Shellard, E.P.S., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vassallo, T., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Watson, R., Wehus, I., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
Abstract: This paper describes the mapmaking procedure applied to Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) data. The mapmaking step takes as input the calibrated timelines and pointing information. The main products are sky maps of I, Q, and U Stokes components. For the first time, we present polarization maps at LFI frequencies. The mapmaking algorithm is based on a destriping technique, which is enhanced with a noise prior. The Galactic region is masked to reduce errors arising from bandpass mismatch and high signal gradients. We apply horn-uniform radiometer weights to reduce the effects of beam-shape mismatch. The algorithm is the same as used for the 2013 release, apart from small changes in parameter settings. We validate the procedure through simulations. Special emphasis is put on the control of systematics, which is particularly important for accurate polarization analysis. We also produce low-resolution versions of the maps and corresponding noise covariance matrices. These serve as input in later analysis steps and parameter estimation. The noise covariance matrices are validated through noise Monte Carlo simulations. The residual noise in the map products is characterized through analysis of half-ring maps, noise covariance matrices, and simulations.
Published: 2016

24. Planck intermediate results — XLII. Large-scale Galactic magnetic fields

Author: Adam, R., Ade, P.A.R., Alves, M.I.R., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Couchot, F., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dolag, K., Dore, O., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Ferrière, K., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Galeotta, S., Ganga, K., Ghosh, T., Giard, M., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Hansen, F.K., Harrison, D., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hobson, M., Hornstrup, A., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T.S., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leahy, J.P., Leonardi, R., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Melchiorri, A., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Oppermann, N., Orlando, A., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paladini, R., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Perotto, L., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Pratt, G.W., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Strong, A.W., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Adam, R., Ade, P.A.R., Alves, M.I.R., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Couchot, F., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dolag, K., Dore, O., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Ferrière, K., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Galeotta, S., Ganga, K., Ghosh, T., Giard, M., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Hansen, F.K., Harrison, D., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hobson, M., Hornstrup, A., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T.S., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leahy, J.P., Leonardi, R., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Melchiorri, A., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Oppermann, N., Orlando, A., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paladini, R., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Perotto, L., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Pratt, G.W., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Strong, A.W., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
Abstract: Recent models for the large-scale Galactic magnetic fields in the literature have been largely constrained by synchrotron emission and Faraday rotation measures. We use three different but representative models to compare their predicted polarized synchrotron and dust emission with that measured by the Planck satellite. We first update these models to match the Planck synchrotron products using a common model for the cosmic-ray leptons. We discuss the impact on this analysis of the ongoing problems of component separation in the Planck microwave bands and of the uncertain cosmic-ray spectrum. In particular, the inferred degree of ordering in the magnetic fields is sensitive to these systematic uncertainties, and we further show the importance of considering the expected variations in the observables in addition to their mean morphology. We then compare the resulting simulated emission to the observed dust polarization and find that the dust predictions do not match the morphology in the Planck data but underpredict the dust polarization away from the plane. We modify one of the models to roughly match both observables at high latitudes by increasing the field ordering in the thin disc near the observer. Though this specific analysis is dependent on the component separation issues, we present the improved model as a proof of concept for how these studies can be advanced in future using complementary information from ongoing and planned observational projects.
Published: 2016

25. Planck 2015 results XVII. Constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity

Author: Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Arroja, F., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J.J., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Church, S., Clements, D.L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Desert, F.-X., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Fergusson, J., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Gauthier, C., Ghosh, T., Giard, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Hamann, J., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Heavens, A.F., Helou, G., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huang, Z., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kim, J., Kisner, T.S., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lacasa, F., Lagache, G., Lahteenmaki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leonardi, R., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Lewis, A., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Magilli, A., Marinucci, D., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., McGehee, P., Meinhold, P.R., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Münchmeyer, M., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C.B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oxborrow, C.A., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Peiris, H., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Popa, L., Pratt, G.W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Racine, B., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Shellard, E.P.S., Shiraishi, M., Smith, K., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Sutter, P., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Troja, A., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Arroja, F., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J.J., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Church, S., Clements, D.L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Desert, F.-X., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Fergusson, J., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Gauthier, C., Ghosh, T., Giard, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Hamann, J., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Heavens, A.F., Helou, G., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huang, Z., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kim, J., Kisner, T.S., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lacasa, F., Lagache, G., Lahteenmaki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leonardi, R., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Lewis, A., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Magilli, A., Marinucci, D., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., McGehee, P., Meinhold, P.R., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Münchmeyer, M., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C.B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oxborrow, C.A., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Peiris, H., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Popa, L., Pratt, G.W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Racine, B., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Shellard, E.P.S., Shiraishi, M., Smith, K., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Sutter, P., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Troja, A., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
Abstract: The Planck full mission cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and E-mode polarization maps are analysed to obtain constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity (NG). Using three classes of optimal bispectrum estimators – separable template-fitting (KSW), binned, and modal – we obtain consistent values for the primordial local, equilateral, and orthogonal bispectrum amplitudes, quoting as our final result from temperature alone ƒlocalNL = 2.5 ± 5.7, ƒequilNL= -16 ± 70, , and ƒorthoNL = -34 ± 32 (68% CL, statistical). Combining temperature and polarization data we obtain ƒlocalNL = 0.8 ± 5.0, ƒequilNL= -4 ± 43, and ƒorthoNL = -26 ± 21 (68% CL, statistical). The results are based on comprehensive cross-validation of these estimators on Gaussian and non-Gaussian simulations, are stable across component separation techniques, pass an extensive suite of tests, and are consistent with estimators based on measuring the Minkowski functionals of the CMB. The effect of time-domain de-glitching systematics on the bispectrum is negligible. In spite of these test outcomes we conservatively label the results including polarization data as preliminary, owing to a known mismatch of the noise model in simulations and the data. Beyond estimates of individual shape amplitudes, we present model-independent, three-dimensional reconstructions of the Planck CMB bispectrum and derive constraints on early universe scenarios that generate primordial NG, including general single-field models of inflation, axion inflation, initial state modifications, models producing parity-violating tensor bispectra, and directionally dependent vector models. We present a wide survey of scale-dependent feature and resonance models, accounting for the “look elsewhere” effect in estimating the statistical significance of features. We also look for isocurvature NG, and find no signal, but we obtain constraints that improve significantly with the inclusion of polarization. The primordial trispectrum amplitude
Published: 2016

26. Planck intermediate results XXXVI. Optical identification and redshifts of Planck SZ sources with telescopes at the Canary Islands observatories

Author: Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Barrena, R., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bikmaev, I., Böhringer, H., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Burenin, R., Burigana, C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Chary, R.-R., Chiang, H.C., Chon, G., Christensen, P.R., Clements, D.L., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Comis, B., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Dahle, H., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Ferragamo, A., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Fromenteau, S., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Genova-Santos, R.T., Giard, M., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F.K., Harrison, D., Hempel, A., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, T.R., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Khamitov, I., Kisner, T.S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leonardi, R., Leon-Tavares, J., Levrier, F., Lietzen, H., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maffei, B., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., McGehee, P., Melchiorri, A., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oxborrow, C.A., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Perdereau, O., Pettorino, D., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Pratt, G.W., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Stolyarov, V., Streblyanska, A., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tramonte, D., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Barrena, R., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bikmaev, I., Böhringer, H., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Burenin, R., Burigana, C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Chary, R.-R., Chiang, H.C., Chon, G., Christensen, P.R., Clements, D.L., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Comis, B., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Dahle, H., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Ferragamo, A., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Fromenteau, S., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Genova-Santos, R.T., Giard, M., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F.K., Harrison, D., Hempel, A., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, T.R., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Khamitov, I., Kisner, T.S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leonardi, R., Leon-Tavares, J., Levrier, F., Lietzen, H., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maffei, B., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., McGehee, P., Melchiorri, A., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oxborrow, C.A., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Perdereau, O., Pettorino, D., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Pratt, G.W., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Stolyarov, V., Streblyanska, A., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tramonte, D., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
Abstract: We present the results of approximately three years of observations of Planck Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) sources with telescopes at the Canary Islands observatories as part of the general optical follow-up programme undertaken by the Planck Collaboration. In total, 78 SZ sources are discussed. Deep-imaging observations were obtained for most of these sources; spectroscopic observations in either in long-slit or multi-object modes were obtained for many. We effectively used 37.5 clear nights. We found optical counterparts for 73 of the 78 candidates. This sample includes 53 spectroscopic redshift determinations, 20 of them obtained with a multi-object spectroscopic mode. The sample contains new redshifts for 27 Planck clusters that were not included in the first Planck SZ source catalogue (PSZ1).
Published: 2016

27. Planck 2015 results XIX. Constraints on primordial magnetic fields

Author: Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Arroja, F., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J.J., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Chiang, H.C., Chluba, J., Christensen, P.R., Church, S., Clements, D.L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Desert, F.-X., Diego, J.M., Dolag, K., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Fergusson, J., Finelli, F., Florido, E., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Giard, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Helou, G., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kim, J., Kisner, T.S., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lahteenmaki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leahy, J.P., Leonardi, R., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., McGehee, P., Meinhold, P.R., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C.B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oppermann, N., Oxborrow, C.A., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Popa, L., Pratt, G.W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Ruiz-Granados, B., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Shellard, E.P.S., Shiraishi, M., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Arroja, F., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J.J., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Chiang, H.C., Chluba, J., Christensen, P.R., Church, S., Clements, D.L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Desert, F.-X., Diego, J.M., Dolag, K., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Fergusson, J., Finelli, F., Florido, E., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Giard, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Helou, G., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kim, J., Kisner, T.S., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lahteenmaki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leahy, J.P., Leonardi, R., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., McGehee, P., Meinhold, P.R., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C.B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oppermann, N., Oxborrow, C.A., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Popa, L., Pratt, G.W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Ruiz-Granados, B., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Shellard, E.P.S., Shiraishi, M., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
Abstract: We compute and investigate four types of imprint of a stochastic background of primordial magnetic fields (PMFs) on the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies: the impact of PMFs on the CMB temperature and polarization spectra, which is related to their contribution to cosmological perturbations; the effect on CMB polarization induced by Faraday rotation; the impact of PMFs on the ionization history; magnetically-induced non-Gaussianities and related non-zero bispectra; and the magnetically-induced breaking of statistical isotropy. We present constraints on the amplitude of PMFs that are derived from different Planck data products, depending on the specific effect that is being analysed. Overall, Planck data constrain the amplitude of PMFs to less than a few nanoGauss, with different bounds that depend on the considered model. In particular, individual limits coming from the analysis of the CMB angular power spectra, using the Planck likelihood, are B1 Mpc < 4.4 nG (where B1 Mpc is the comoving field amplitude at a scale of 1 Mpc) at 95% confidence level, assuming zero helicity. By considering the Planck likelihood, based only on parity-even angular power spectra, we obtain B1 Mpc < 5.6 nG for a maximally helical field. For nearly scale-invariant PMFs we obtain B1 Mpc < 2.0 nG and B1 Mpc < 0.9 nG if the impact of PMFs on the ionization history of the Universe is included in the analysis. From the analysis of magnetically-induced non-Gaussianity, we obtain three different values, corresponding to three applied methods, all below 5 nG. The constraint from the magnetically-induced passive-tensor bispectrum is B1 Mpc < 2.8 nG. A search for preferred directions in the magnetically-induced passive bispectrum yields B1 Mpc < 4.5 nG, whereas the compensated-scalar bispectrum gives B1 Mpc < 3 nG. The analysis of the Faraday rotation of CMB polarization by PMFs uses the Planck power spectra in EE and BB at 70 GHz and gives B1 Mpc < 1380 nG. In our final analysis, we c
Published: 2016

28. Planck intermediate results XXXVIII. E- and B-modes of dust polarization from the magnetized filamentary structure of the interstellar medium

Author: Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Boulanger, F., Bracco, A., Burigana, C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Chary, R.-R., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J.-M., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Dunkley, J., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Falgarone, E., Ferrière, K., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Ghosh, T., Giard, M., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gruppuso, A., Guillet, V., Hansen, F.K., Harrison, D., Helou, G., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huang, Z., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T.S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leonardi, R., Leon-Tavares, J., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maffei, B., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., McGehee, P., Melchiorri, A., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oppermann, N., Oxborrow, C.A., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Perdereau, O., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Pratt, G.W., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reach, W.T., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Serra, P., Soler, J.D., Stolyarov, V., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Boulanger, F., Bracco, A., Burigana, C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Chary, R.-R., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J.-M., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Dunkley, J., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Falgarone, E., Ferrière, K., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Ghosh, T., Giard, M., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gruppuso, A., Guillet, V., Hansen, F.K., Harrison, D., Helou, G., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huang, Z., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T.S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leonardi, R., Leon-Tavares, J., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maffei, B., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., McGehee, P., Melchiorri, A., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oppermann, N., Oxborrow, C.A., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Perdereau, O., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Pratt, G.W., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reach, W.T., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Serra, P., Soler, J.D., Stolyarov, V., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
Abstract: The quest for a B-mode imprint from primordial gravity waves on the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) requires the characterization of foreground polarization from Galactic dust. We present a statistical study of the filamentary structure of the 353 GHz Planck Stokes maps at high Galactic latitude, relevant to the study of dust emission as a polarized foreground to the CMB. We filter the intensity and polarization maps to isolate filaments in the range of angular scales where the power asymmetry between E-modes and B-modes is observed. Using the Smoothed Hessian Major Axis Filament Finder (SMAFF), we identify 259 filaments at high Galactic latitude, with lengths larger or equal to 2° (corresponding to 3.5 pc in length for a typical distance of 100 pc). Thesefilaments show a preferred orientation parallel to the magnetic field projected onto the plane of the sky, derived from their polarization angles. We present mean maps of the filaments in Stokes I, Q, U, E, and B, computed by stacking individual images rotated to align the orientations of the filaments. Combining the stacked images and the histogram of relative orientations, we estimate the mean polarization fraction of the filaments to be 11%. Furthermore, we show that the correlation between the filaments and the magnetic field orientations may account for the E and B asymmetry and the CℓTE/CℓEE ratio, reported in the power spectra analysis of the Planck353 GHz polarization maps. Future models of the dust foreground for CMB polarization studies will need to take into account the observed correlation between the dust polarization and the structure of interstellar matter.
Published: 2016

29. Planck 2015 results II. Low Frequency Instrument data processings

Author: Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Battaglia, P., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J.J., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Castex, G., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Christensen, P.R., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Fergusson, J., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Franceschet, C., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Giard, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Henrot-Versille, S., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kisner, T.S., Knoche, J., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lahteenmaki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leahy, J.P., Leonardi, R., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lindholm, V., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Mazzotta, P., McGehee, P., Meinhold, P.R., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Morisset, N., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C.B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oppermann, N., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Pearson, T.J., Peel, M., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Pratt, G.W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Romelli, E., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Shellard, E.P.S., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Tavagnacco, D., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Turler, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vassallo, T., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Watson, R., Wehus, I., Wilkinson, A., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Battaglia, P., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J.J., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Castex, G., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Christensen, P.R., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Fergusson, J., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Franceschet, C., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Giard, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Henrot-Versille, S., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kisner, T.S., Knoche, J., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lahteenmaki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leahy, J.P., Leonardi, R., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lindholm, V., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Mazzotta, P., McGehee, P., Meinhold, P.R., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Morisset, N., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C.B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oppermann, N., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Pearson, T.J., Peel, M., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Pratt, G.W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Romelli, E., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Shellard, E.P.S., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Tavagnacco, D., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Turler, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vassallo, T., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Watson, R., Wehus, I., Wilkinson, A., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
Abstract: We present an updated description of the Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) data processing pipeline, associated with the 2015 data release. We point out the places where our results and methods have remained unchanged since the 2013 paper and we highlight the changes made for the 2015 release, describing the products (especially timelines) and the ways in which they were obtained. We demonstrate that the pipeline is self-consistent (principally based on simulations) and report all null tests. For the first time, we present LFI maps in Stokes Q and U polarization. We refer to other related papers where more detailed descriptions of the LFI data processing pipeline may be found if needed.
Published: 2016

30. Planck 2015 results XXVIII. The Planck Catalogue of Galactic cold clumps

Author: Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Boulanger, F., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Clements, D.L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Desert, F.-X., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Falgarone, E., Fergusson, J., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Giard, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Helou, G., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T.S., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leonardi, R., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Marshall, D.J., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Mazzotta, P., McGehee, P., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C.B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oxborrow, C.A., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paladini, R., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Pearson, T.J., Pelkonen, V.-M., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pogosyan, D., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Pratt, G.W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reach, W.T., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Shellard, E.P.S., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Boulanger, F., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Clements, D.L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Desert, F.-X., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Falgarone, E., Fergusson, J., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Giard, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Helou, G., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T.S., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leonardi, R., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Marshall, D.J., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Mazzotta, P., McGehee, P., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C.B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oxborrow, C.A., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paladini, R., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Pearson, T.J., Pelkonen, V.-M., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pogosyan, D., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Pratt, G.W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reach, W.T., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Shellard, E.P.S., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
Abstract: We present the Planck Catalogue of Galactic Cold Clumps (PGCC), an all-sky catalogue of Galactic cold clump candidates detected by Planck. This catalogue is the full version of the Early Cold Core (ECC) catalogue, which was made available in 2011 with the Early Release Compact Source Catalogue (ERCSC) and which contained 915 high signal-to-noise sources. It is based on the Planck 48-month mission data that are currently being released to the astronomical community. The PGCC catalogue is an observational catalogue consisting exclusively of Galactic cold sources. The three highest Planck bands (857, 454, and 353 GHz) have been combined with IRAS data at 3 THz to perform a multi-frequency detection of sources colder than their local environment. After rejection of possible extragalactic contaminants, the PGCC catalogue contains 13188 Galactic sources spread across the whole sky, i.e., from the Galactic plane to high latitudes, following the spatial distribution of the main molecular cloud complexes. The median temperature of PGCC sources lies between 13 and 14.5 K, depending on the quality of the flux density measurements, with a temperature ranging from 5.8 to 20 K after removing the sources with the top 1% highest temperature estimates. Using seven independent methods, reliable distance estimates have been obtained for 5574 sources, which allows us to derive their physical properties such as their mass, physical size, mean density, and luminosity.The PGCC sources are located mainly in the solar neighbourhood, but also up to a distance of 10.5 kpc in the direction of the Galactic centre, and range from low-mass cores to large molecular clouds. Because of this diversity and because the PGCC catalogue contains sources in very different environments, the catalogue is useful for investigating the evolution from molecular clouds to cores. Finally, it also includes 54 additional sources located in the Small and Large Magellanic Clouds.
Published: 2016

31. Planck 2013 results. XXIX. The Planck catalogue of Sunyaev-Zeldovich sources

Author: Lagache, Guilaine, Mitra, Subhabrata, Ade, P.A.R., Terenzi, L., Herranz, D., Lilje, P., Hivon, E., Bobin, J., Galeotta, S., De Zotti, G., Aussel, H., Nesvadba, N., Jaffe, T., Maino, D., Christensen, P., Atrio-Barandela, F., Bouchet, F., Hildebrandt, S., Patanchon, G., Nørgaard-Nielsen, H., Pierpaoli, E., Chiang, H., Ristorcelli, I., Remazeilles, M., White, M., Désert, F., Spencer, L., Lähteenmäki, A., Delouis, J., Groeneboom, N., Danese, L., Arnaud, M., Montier, L., Tucci, M., Colombo, L., Wandelt, B., Sutton, D., Jones, W., Hanson, D., Shimwell, T., Prézeau, G., Bielewicz, P., López-Caniego, M., Bock, J., Vibert, L., Hornstrup, A., Natoli, P., Frailis, M., Macías-Pérez, J.F., Juvela, M., Lasenby, A., Reinecke, M., Moneti, A., Efstathiou, G., Challinor, A., Coulais, A., Rebolo, R., Rumsey, C., Knoche, J., Martin, P., Jaffe, A., Miville-Deschênes, M., Maris, M., Novikov, D., León-Tavares, J., Lesgourgues, J., Perrott, Y., Gilfanov, M., Démoclès, J., Curto, A., Armitage-Caplan, C., Burenin, R., Bonaldi, A., Lubin, P., Dupac, X., Piacentini, F., De Rosa, A., Rosset, C., Yvon, D., Gruppuso, A., Diego, J., Baccigalupi, C., Mandolesi, N., Benoit-Lévy, A., Flores-Cacho, I., Migliaccio, M., Nati, F., Oxborrow, C., Grainge, K., Lagache, G., Colombi, S., Hempel, A., Poutanen, T., Carvalho, P., Kneissl, R., Rachen, J., Doré, O., White, S., Pagano, L., Bond, J., Henrot-Versillé, S., Paci, F., Donzelli, S., Feroz, F., Perrotta, F., Morgante, G., Bridges, M., Banday, A., Chamballu, A., Munshi, D., Franceschi, E., Mei, S., Keskitalo, R., Holmes, W., Sandri, M., Pajot, F., Linden-Vørnle, M., Hobson, M., Knox, L., Hurley-Walker, N., Melchiorri, A., Rubiño-Martín, J., Ponthieu, N., Khamitov, I., Tauber, J., Pietrobon, D., Rocha, G., Leahy, J., Popa, L., Forni, O., Sygnet, J., Perotto, L., Aghanim, N., Perdereau, O., Marshall, D., Tavagnacco, D., Shellard, E., Matthai, F., Kisner, T., Noviello, F., Hurier, G., Bucher, M., Zacchei, A., Novikov, I., Mazzotta, P., De Bernardis, P., Tristram, M., Ganga, K., Valiviita, J., Liddle, A., Pointecouteau, E., Davis, R., Barreiro, R., Górski, K., Osborne, S., Tuovinen, J., González-Nuevo, J., Pratt, G., Génova-Santos, R., Bartlett, J.G., Naselsky, P., Vielva, P., Ashdown, M., Da Silva, A., Savini, G., Huffenberger, K., Bersanelli, M., Dolag, K., Martínez-González, E., Delabrouille, J., Stompor, Radek, Böhringer, H., Hovest, W., Douspis, M., Sudiwala, R., Dahle, H., Harrison, D., Prunet, S., Barrena, R., Santos, D., Renault, C., Bernard, J., Maffei, B., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Lamarre, J., Melin, J., Lawrence, C., Burigana, C., Pasian, F., Cuttaia, F., Benabed, K., Saunders, R., Dole, H., Vittorio, N., Riller, T., Wade, L., ODwyer, I., Comis, B., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Sunyaev, R., Rowan-Robinson, M., Reach, W., Battaner, E., Giardino, G., Toffolatti, L., Rusholme, B., Zonca, A., White, S.D.M., Wandelt, B.D., Wade, L.A., Villa, F., Van Tent, B., Valenziano, L., Umana, G., Turler, M., Tomasi, M., Tauber, J.A., Sygnet, J.F., Suur-Uski, A.S., Sureau, F., Stompor, R., Stolyarov, V., Starck, J.L., Spencer, L.D., Shimwell, T.W., Shellard, E.P.S., Seiffert, M.D., Scott, D., Saunders, R.D.E., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Roudier, G., Ricciardi, S., Reach, W.T., Rachen, J.P., Puget, J.L., Prezeau, G., Pratt, G.W., Polenta, G., Plaszczynski, S., Piat, M., Perrott, Y.C., Pearson, T.J., Paoletti, D., Oxborrow, C.A., Olamaie, M., ODwyer, I.J., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Netterfield, C.B., Nesvadba, N.P.H., Lopez-Caniego, M., Linden-Vornle, M., Lilje, P.B., Liguori, M., Li, C., Leon-Tavares, J., Leonardi, R., Leahy, J.P., Lawrence, C.R., Laureijs, R.J., Lamarre, J.M., Lahteenmaki, A., Kurki-Suonio, H., Kunz, M., Kisner, T.S., Keihanen, E., Jones, W.C., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Huffenberger, K.M., Holmes, W.A., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Henrot-Versille, S., Hansen, F.K., N, E.Groeneboom, Gregorio, A., Gratton, S., Grainge, K.J.B., Gorski, K.M., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Giraud-Heraud, Y., Giard, M., Genova-Santos, R.T., Fromenteau, S., Finelli, F., Eriksen, H.K., Ensslin, T.A., Dore, O., Diego, J.M., Dickinson, C., Desert, F.X., Democles, J., Delouis, J.M., Davis, R.J., Davies, R.D., Crill, B.P., Couchot, F., Colombo, L.P.L., Clements, D.L., Church, S., Churazov, E., Christensen, P.R., Chon, G., Chiang, H.C., Chiang, L.Y., Chen, X., Chary, R.R., Catalano, A., Cardoso, J.F., Butler, R.C., Bouchet, F.R., Borrill, J., Bond, J.R., Bohringer, H., Bock, J.J., Bikmaev, I., Bernard, J.P., Benoit-Levy, A., Benoit, A., Bartelmann, M., Barreiro, R.B., Banday, A.J., Aumont, J., Pearson, T., Hernández-Monteagudo, C., Türler, M., Cardoso, J.-F., Mortlock, D., Meinhold, P., Keihänen, E., Laureijs, R., Seiffert, M., Puget, J., Crill, B., Chiang, L., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Mactavish, C., Hansen, F., Suur-Uski, A., Eriksen, H., Netterfield, C., Enßlin, T., Starck, Jean-Luc, Butler, R., Plaszczynski, Stéphane, Chary, R., Clements, D., Davies, R., Benoît, A., Miville-Deschenes, M.A., Mitra, S., Melin, J.B., Meinhold, P.R., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Martin, P.G., Marshall, D.J., Mactavish, C.J., Macias-Perez, J.F., Lubin, P.M., Sygnet, J.-F., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Starck, J.-L., Stanford, S., Schammel, M., N, E., Eisenhardt, P., Désert, F.-X., Delouis, J.-M., Chiang, L.-Y, Chary, R.-R., Bernard, J.-P., Bartlett, J., Ade, P., Starck, J., Murphy, J., Mikkelsen, K., Massardi, M., Macías-Pérez, J., Groeneboom, E., Cardoso, J., Puget, J.-L., O’Dwyer, I., Miville-Deschênes, M.-A., Melin, J.-B., Lamarre, J.-M., APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (HELFA), Institut Néel (NEEL), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANCK, Tauber, Jan, Ade, P. A. R., Aghanim, N., Armitage Caplan, C., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Atrio Barandela, F., Aumont, J., Aussel, H., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Barrena, R., Bartelmann, M., Bartlett, J. G., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoît, A., Benoit Lévy, A., Bernard, J. P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bikmaev, I., Bobin, J., Bock, J. J., Böhringer, H., Bonaldi, A., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Bridges, M., Bucher, M., Burenin, R., Burigana, C., Butler, R. C., Cardoso, J. F., Carvalho, P., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., Chary, R. R., Chen, X., Chiang, H. C., Chiang, L. Y., Chon, G., Christensen, P. R., Churazov, E., Church, S., Clements, D. L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L. P. L., Comis, B., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B. P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Da Silva, A., Dahle, H., Danese, L., Davies, R. D., Davis, R. J., De Bernardis, P., De Rosa, A., De Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J. M., Démoclès, J., Désert, F. X., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Dolag, K., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Eisenhardt, P. R. M., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Feroz, F., Finelli, F., Flores Cacho, I., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Fromenteau, S., Galeotta, S., Ganga, K., Génova Santos, R. T., Giard, M., Giardino, G., Gilfanov, M., Giraud Héraud, Y., González Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Grainge, K. J. B., Gratton, S., Gregorio, Anna, Groeneboom, N. E., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F. K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Hempel, A., Henrot Versillé, S., Hernández Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W. A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K. M., Hurier, G., Hurley Walker, N., Jaffe, A. H., Jaffe, T. R., Jones, W. C., Juvela, M., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Khamitov, I., Kisner, T. S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Knox, L., Kunz, M., Kurki Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lähteenmäki, A., Lamarre, J. M., Lasenby, A., Laureijs, R. J., Lawrence, C. R., Leahy, J. P., Leonardi, R., León Tavares, J., Lesgourgues, J., Li, C., Liddle, A., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Linden Vørnle, M., López Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Maciás Pérez, J. F., Mactavish, C. J., Maffei, B., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Marshall, D. J., Martin, P. G., Martínez González, E., Masi, S., Massardi, M., Matarrese, S., Matthai, F., Mazzotta, P., Mei, S., Meinhold, P. R., Melchiorri, A., Melin, J. B., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mikkelsen, K., Mitra, S., Miville Deschênes, M. A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, J. A., Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Nesvadba, N. P. H., Netterfield, C. B., Nørgaard Nielsen, H. U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., O'Dwyer, I. J., Olamaie, M., Osborne, S., Oxborrow, C. A., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Pearson, T. J., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrott, Y. C., Perrotta, F., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Popa, L., Poutanen, T., Pratt, G. W., Prézeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J. L., Rachen, J. P., Reach, W. T., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Ricciardi, S., Riller, T., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Rowan Robinson, M., Rubinõ Martín, J. A., Rumsey, C., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Saunders, R. D. E., Savini, G., Schammel, M. P., Scott, D., Seiffert, M. D., Shellard, E. P. S., Shimwell, T. W., Spencer, L. D., Stanford, S. A., Starck, J. L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Sureau, F., Sutton, D., Suur Uski, A. S., Sygnet, J. F., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, Daniele, Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Türler, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vibert, L., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wade, L. A., Wandelt, B. D., White, M., White, S. D. M., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Science and Technology Facilities Council [2006-2012], Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (NEEL - HELFA), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), HELFA - Hélium : du fondamental aux applications, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Tauber, J, Ade, P, Aghanim, N, Armitage Caplan, C, Arnaud, M, Ashdown, M, Atrio Barandela, F, Aumont, J, Aussel, H, Baccigalupi, C, Banday, A, Barreiro, R, Barrena, R, Bartelmann, M, Bartlett, J, Battaner, E, Benabed, K, Benoît, A, Benoit Lévy, A, Bernard, J, Bersanelli, M, Bielewicz, P, Bikmaev, I, Bobin, J, Bock, J, Böhringer, H, Bonaldi, A, Bond, J, Borrill, J, Bouchet, F, Bridges, M, Bucher, M, Burenin, R, Burigana, C, Butler, R, Cardoso, J, Carvalho, P, Catalano, A, Challinor, A, Chamballu, A, Chary, R, Chen, X, Chiang, H, Chiang, L, Chon, G, Christensen, P, Churazov, E, Church, S, Clements, D, Colombi, S, Colombo, L, Comis, B, Couchot, F, Coulais, A, Crill, B, Curto, A, Cuttaia, F, Da Silva, A, Dahle, H, Danese, L, Davies, R, Davis, R, DE BERNARDIS, P, De Rosa, A, De Zotti, G, Delabrouille, J, Delouis, J, Démoclès, J, Désert, F, Dickinson, C, Diego, J, Dolag, K, Dole, H, Donzelli, S, Doré, O, Douspis, M, Dupac, X, Efstathiou, G, Eisenhardt, P, Enßlin, T, Eriksen, H, Feroz, F, Finelli, F, Flores Cacho, I, Forni, O, Frailis, M, Franceschi, E, Fromenteau, S, Galeotta, S, Ganga, K, Génova Santos, R, Giard, M, Giardino, G, Gilfanov, M, Giraud Héraud, Y, González Nuevo, J, Górski, K, Grainge, K, Gratton, S, Gregorio, A, Groeneboom, N, Gruppuso, A, Hansen, F, Hanson, D, Harrison, D, Hempel, A, Henrot Versillé, S, Hernández Monteagudo, C, Herranz, D, Hildebrandt, S, Hivon, E, Hobson, M, Holmes, W, Hornstrup, A, Hovest, W, Huffenberger, K, Hurier, G, Hurley Walker, N, Jaffe, A, Jaffe, T, Jones, W, Juvela, M, Keihänen, E, Keskitalo, R, Khamitov, I, Kisner, T, Kneissl, R, Knoche, J, Knox, L, Kunz, M, Kurki Suonio, H, Lagache, G, Lähteenmäki, A, Lamarre, J, Lasenby, A, Laureijs, R, Lawrence, C, Leahy, J, Leonardi, R, León Tavares, J, Lesgourgues, J, Li, C, Liddle, A, Liguori, M, Lilje, P, Linden Vørnle, M, López Caniego, M, Lubin, P, Maciás Pérez, J, Mactavish, C, Maffei, B, Maino, D, Mandolesi, N, Maris, M, Marshall, D, Martin, P, Martínez González, E, Masi, S, Massardi, M, Matarrese, S, Matthai, F, Mazzotta, P, Mei, S, Meinhold, P, Melchiorri, A, Melin, J, Mendes, L, Mennella, A, Migliaccio, M, Mikkelsen, K, Mitra, S, Miville Deschênes, M, Moneti, A, Montier, L, Morgante, G, Mortlock, D, Munshi, D, Murphy, J, Naselsky, P, Nati, F, Natoli, P, Nesvadba, N, Netterfield, C, Nørgaard Nielsen, H, Noviello, F, Novikov, D, Novikov, I, O'Dwyer, I, Olamaie, M, Osborne, S, Oxborrow, C, Paci, F, Pagano, L, Pajot, F, Paoletti, D, Pasian, F, Patanchon, G, Pearson, T, Perdereau, O, Perotto, L, Perrott, Y, Perrotta, F, Piacentini, F, Piat, M, Pierpaoli, E, Pietrobon, D, Plaszczynski, S, Pointecouteau, E, Polenta, G, Ponthieu, N, Popa, L, Poutanen, T, Pratt, G, Prézeau, G, Prunet, S, Puget, J, Rachen, J, Reach, W, Rebolo, R, Reinecke, M, Remazeilles, M, Renault, C, Ricciardi, S, Riller, T, Ristorcelli, I, Rocha, G, Rosset, C, Roudier, G, Rowan Robinson, M, Rubinõ Martín, J, Rumsey, C, Rusholme, B, Sandri, M, Santos, D, Saunders, R, Savini, G, Schammel, M, Scott, D, Seiffert, M, Shellard, E, Shimwell, T, Spencer, L, Stanford, S, Starck, J, Stolyarov, V, Stompor, R, Sudiwala, R, Sunyaev, R, Sureau, F, Sutton, D, Suur Uski, A, Sygnet, J, Tavagnacco, D, Terenzi, L, Toffolatti, L, Tomasi, M, Tristram, M, Tucci, M, Tuovinen, J, Türler, M, Umana, G, Valenziano, L, Valiviita, J, Van Tent, B, Vibert, L, Vielva, P, Villa, F, Vittorio, N, Wade, L, Wandelt, B, White, M, White, S, Yvon, D, Zacchei, A, Zonca, A, Anne Lähteenmäki Group, Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
Subjects: MICROWAVE BACKGROUND-RADIATION, Large-scale structure of Universe, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Astronomy, GALAXY CLUSTER SURVEY, Astrophysics, clusters: general [Galaxies], 7. Clean energy, galaxies, 10. No inequality, Physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, ASTRONOMICAL DATA SETS, universe, Computer Science::Computers and Society, galaxies: clusters: general, Physics::Space Physics, Physical Sciences, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, astro-ph.CO, symbols, Catalog, ADAPTIVE MATCHED-FILTER, X-RAY-PROPERTIES, ARCMINUTE MICROKELVIN IMAGER, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics and Astronomy, Catalogs, Galaxies: clusters: general, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), education, FOS: Physical sciences, DISCRETE OBJECT DETECTION, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Computer Science::Digital Libraries, NO, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], symbols.namesake, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, Cluster (physics), Planck, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Science & Technology, SOUTH-POLE TELESCOPE, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Catalogues, Redshift, Quality of evidence, 0201 Astronomical And Space Sciences, LUMINOSITY-TEMPERATURE RELATION, Space and Planetary Science, bepress|Physical Sciences and Mathematics|Astrophysics and Astronomy, DIGITAL SKY SURVEY, cluster catalogs
Abstract: The development of Planck has been supported by: ESA; CNES and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MICINN, JA and RES (Spain); Tekes, AoF and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); and PRACE (EU). A description of the Planck Collaboration and a list of its members, including the technical or scientific activities in which they have been involved, can be found at http://www.sciops.esa.int/index.php?project=planck &page=Planck_Collaboration. The authors thank N. Schartel, ESA XMM-Newton project scientist, for granting the Director Discretionary Time used for confirmation of SZ Planck candidates. The authors thank TUBITAK, IKI, KFU and AST for support in using RTT150 (Russian-Turkish 1.5-m telescope, Bakyrlytepe, Turkey); in particular we thank KFU and IKI for providing significant amount of their observing time at RTT150. We also thank BTA 6-m telescope Time Allocation Committee (TAC) for support of optical follow-up project. The authors acknowledge the use of the INT and WHT telescopes operated on the island of La Palma by the Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes at the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC); the Nordic Optical Telescope, operated on La Palma jointly by Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden, at the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the IAC; the TNG telescope, operated on La Palma by the Fundacion Galileo Galilei of the INAF at the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the IAC; the GTC telescope, operated on La Palma by the IAC at the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the IAC; and the IAC80 telescope operated on the island of Tenerife by the IAC at the Spanish Observatorio del Teide of the IAC. Part of this research has been carried out with telescope time awarded by the CCI International Time Programme. The authors thank the TAC of the MPG/ESO-2.2 m telescope for support of optical follow-up with WFI under Max Planck time. Observations were also conducted with ESO NTT at the La Silla Paranal Observatory. This research has made use of SDSS-III data. Funding for SDSS-III http://www.sdss3.org/ has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and DoE. SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration. This research has made use of the following databases: the NED and IRSA databases, operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the NASA; SIMBAD, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France; SZ cluster database operated by Integrated Data and Operation Center (IDOC) operated by IAS under contract with CNES and CNRS. The authors acknowledge the use of software provided by the US National Virtual Observatory., We describe the all-sky Planck catalogue of clusters and cluster candidates derived from Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect detections using the first 15.5 months of Planck satellite observations. The catalogue contains 1227 entries, making it over six times the size of the Planck Early SZ (ESZ) sample and the largest SZ-selected catalogue to date. It contains 861 confirmed clusters, of which 178 have been confirmed as clusters, mostly through follow-up observations, and a further 683 are previously-known clusters. The remaining 366 have the status of cluster candidates, and we divide them into three classes according to the quality of evidence that they are likely to be true clusters. The Planck SZ catalogue is the deepest all-sky cluster catalogue, with redshifts up to about one, and spans the broadest cluster mass range from (0.1 to 1.6) × 1015 M⊙. Confirmation of cluster candidates through comparison with existing surveys or cluster catalogues is extensively described, as is the statistical characterization of the catalogue in terms of completeness and statistical reliability. The outputs of the validation process are provided as additional information. This gives, in particular, an ensemble of 813 cluster redshifts, and for all these Planck clusters we also include a mass estimated from a newly-proposed SZ-mass proxy. A refined measure of the SZ Compton parameter for the clusters with X-ray counter-parts is provided, as is an X-ray flux for all the Planck clusters not previously detected in X-ray surveys., European Space Agency, Centre National D'etudes Spatiales, CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France), Italian Space Agency (ASI), Italian National Research Council, Istituto Nazionale Astrofisica (INAF), National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA), United States Department of Energy (DOE), UKSA (UK), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Spanish Government, JA (Spain), RES (Spain), Finnish Funding Agency for Technology & Innovation (TEKES), AoF (Finland), CSC (Finland), Helmholtz Association, German Aerospace Centre (DLR), Max Planck Society, CSA (Canada), DTU Space (Denmark), SER/SSO (Switzerland), RCN (Norway), Science Foundation Ireland, Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, European Union (EU), BTA 6-m telescope Time Allocation Committee (TAC), CCI International Time Programme, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Participating Institutions, National Science Foundation (NSF), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Science & Technology Facilities Council (STFC) ST/J004812/1 ST/L001314/1 ST/I002006/1 ST/J001368/1 ST/L000768/1 ST/H008586/1 ST/G003874/1 ST/I005765/1 ST/K006606/1 ST/K003674/1 ST/H001239/1 ST/K001051/1 ST/M007685/1 ST/K000985/1 ST/K004131/1
Published: 2014

32. Planck 2013 results

Author: Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Alves, M.I.R., Armitage-Caplan, C., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Atrio-Barandela, F., Aumont, J., Aussel, H., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Barrena, R., Bartelmann, M., Bartlett, J.G., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Battaner, E., Battye, R., Benabed, K., Benoît, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bertincourt, B., Bethermin, M., Bielewicz, P., Bikmaev, I., Blanchard, A., Bobin, J., Bock, J.J., Böhringer, H., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Boulanger, F., Bourdin, H., Bowyer, J.W., Bridges, M., Brown, M.L., Bucher, M., Burenin, R., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Cappellini, B., Cardoso, J.-F., Carr, R., Carvalho, P., Casale, M., Castex, G., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., Chary, R.-R., Chen, X., Chiang, H.C., Chiang, L.-Y., Chon, G., Christensen, P.R., Churazov, E., Church, S., Clemens, M., Clements, D.L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Comis, B., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Cruz, M., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Da Silva, A., Dahle, H., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., de Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Déchelette, T., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J.-M., Démoclès, J., Désert, F.-X., Dick, J., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dolag, K., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dunkley, J., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Fabre, O., Falgarone, E., Falvella, M.C., Fantaye, Y., Fergusson, J., Filliard, C., Finelli, F., Flores-Cacho, I., Foley, S., Forni, O., Fosalba, P., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Freschi, M., Fromenteau, S., Frommert, M., Gaier, T.C., Galeotta, S., Gallegos, J., Galli, S., Gandolfo, B., Ganga, K., Gauthier, C., Génova-Santos, R.T., Ghosh, T., Giard, M., Giardino, G., Gilfanov, M., Girard, D., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K.M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J.E., Haissinski, J., Hamann, J., Hansen, F.K., Hansen, M., Hanson, D., Harrison, D.L., Heavens, A., Helou, G., Hempel, A., Henrot-Versillé, S., Hernández-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Ho, S., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hou, Z., Hovest, W., Huey, G., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Ilic, S., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jasche, J., Jewell, J., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Kalberla, P., Kangaslahti, P., Keihänen, E., Kerp, J., Keskitalo, R., Khamitov, I., Kiiveri, K., Kim, J., Kisner, T.S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Knox, L., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lacasa, F., Lagache, G., Lähteenmäki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Langer, M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Laureijs, R.J., Lavabre, A., Lawrence, C.R., Le Jeune, M., Leach, S., Leahy, J.P., Leonardi, R., León-Tavares, J., Leroy, C., Lesgourgues, J., Lewis, A., Li, C., Liddle, A., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vørnle, M., Lindholm, V., López-Caniego, M., Lowe, S., Lubin, P.M., Macías-Pérez, J.F., MacTavish, C.J., Maffei, B., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Marcos-Caballero, A., Marinucci, D., Maris, M., Marleau, F., Marshall, D.J., Martin, P.G., Martínez-González, E., Masi, S., Massardi, M., Matarrese, S., Matsumura, T., Matthai, F., Maurin, L., Mazzotta, P., McDonald, A., McEwen, J.D., McGehee, P., Mei, S., Meinhold, P.R., Melchiorri, A., Melin, J.-B., Mendes, L., Menegoni, E., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mikkelsen, K., Millea, M., Miniscalco, R., Mitra, S., Miville-Deschênes, M.-A., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Morisset, N., Mortlock, D., Moss, A., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.A., Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Negrello, M., Nesvadba, N.P.H., Netterfield, C.B., Nørgaard-Nielsen, H.U., North, C., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., 'O'Dwyer\\', I.J., Orieux, F., Osborne, S., 'O'Sullivan\\', C., Oxborrow, C.A., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paladini, R., Pandolfi, S., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Paykari, P., Pearson, D., Pearson, T.J., Savelainen, Matti, Anne Lähteenmäki Group, University of Helsinki, Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, and Department of Radio Science and Engineering
Subjects: general, dust [ISM], instruments [space vehicles], detectors [instrumentation], extinction, education, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, ISM [infrared], opacity, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, cosmic background radiation, early Universe, observations [cosmology], data analysis [methods], clusters: general [galaxies], primordial nucleosynthesis, large-scale structure of Universe, cosmological parameters, inflation, ISM [submillimeter]
Abstract: This paper presents the first cosmological results based on Planck measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and lensing-potential power spectra. We find that the Planck spectra at high multipoles (ℓ ≳ 40) are extremely well described by the standard spatially-flat six-parameter ΛCDM cosmology with a power-law spectrum of adiabatic scalar perturbations. Within the context of this cosmology, the Planck data determine the cosmological parameters to high precision: the angular size of the sound horizon at recombination, the physical densities of baryons and cold dark matter, and the scalar spectral index are estimated to be θ∗ = (1.04147 ± 0.00062) × 10-2, Ωbh2 = 0.02205 ± 0.00028, Ωch2 = 0.1199 ± 0.0027, and ns = 0.9603 ± 0.0073, respectively(note that in this abstract we quote 68% errors on measured parameters and 95% upper limits on other parameters). For this cosmology, we find a low value of the Hubble constant, H0 = (67.3 ± 1.2) km s-1 Mpc-1, and a high value of the matter density parameter, Ωm = 0.315 ± 0.017. These values are in tension with recent direct measurements of H0 and the magnitude-redshift relation for Type Ia supernovae, but are in excellent agreement with geometrical constraints from baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) surveys. Including curvature, we find that the Universe is consistent with spatial flatness to percent level precision using Planck CMB data alone. We use high-resolution CMB data together with Planck to provide greater control on extragalactic foreground components in an investigation of extensions to the six-parameter ΛCDM model. We present selected results from a large grid of cosmological models, using a range of additional astrophysical data sets in addition to Planck and high-resolution CMB data. None of these models are favoured over the standard six-parameter ΛCDM cosmology. The deviation of the scalar spectral index from unity isinsensitive to the addition of tensor modes and to changes in the matter content of the Universe. We find an upper limit ofr0.002< 0.11 on the tensor-to-scalar ratio. There is no evidence for additional neutrino-like relativistic particles beyond the three families of neutrinos in the standard model. Using BAO and CMB data, we find Neff = 3.30 ± 0.27 for the effective number of relativistic degrees of freedom, and an upper limit of 0.23 eV for the sum of neutrino masses. Our results are in excellent agreement with big bang nucleosynthesis and the standard value of Neff = 3.046. We find no evidence for dynamical dark energy; using BAO and CMB data, the dark energy equation of state parameter is constrained to be w = -1.13-0.10+0.13. We also use the Planck data to set limits on a possible variation of the fine-structure constant, dark matter annihilation and primordial magnetic fields. Despite the success of the six-parameter ΛCDM model in describing the Planck data at high multipoles, we note that this cosmology does not provide a good fit to the temperature power spectrum at low multipoles. The unusual shape of the spectrum in the multipole range 20 ≲ ℓ ≲ 40 was seen previously in the WMAP data and is a real feature of the primordial CMB anisotropies. The poor fit to the spectrum at low multipoles is not of decisive significance, but is an “anomaly” in an otherwise self-consistent analysis of the Planck temperature data.
Published: 2014

33. Planck intermediate results

Author: Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Bartlett, J.G., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bobin, J., Bonaldi, A., Bond, J.R., Bouchet, F.R., Burigana, C., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Clements, D.L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Couchot, F., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., de Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Dupac, X., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Giard, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K.M., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F.K., Harrison, D.L., Henrot-Versillé, S., Hernández-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T.S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Knox, L., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lähteenmäki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lawrence, C.R., Leonardi, R., Liddle, A., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vørnle, M., López-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macías-Pérez, J.F., Maffei, B., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martínez-González, E., Masi, S., Massardi, M., Matarrese, S., Mazzotta, P., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Miville-Deschênes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.A., Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oxborrow, C.A., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Popa, L., Pratt, G.W., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Ricciardi, S., Riller, T., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., 'Rouillé d'Orfeuil\\', B., Rubiño-Martín, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Savelainen, M., Savini, G., Spencer, L.D., Spinelli, M., Starck, J.-L., Sureau, F., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., White, M., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Anne Lähteenmäki Group, University of Helsinki, Department of Radio Science and Engineering, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
Subjects: theory [cosmology], statistical [methods], Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, cosmic background radiation, cosmological parameters, observations [cosmology]
Abstract: We explore the 2013 Planck likelihood function with a high-precision multi-dimensional minimizer (Minuit). This allows a refinement of the ΛCDM best-fit solution with respect to previously-released results, and the construction of frequentist confidence intervals using profile likelihoods. The agreement with the cosmological results from the Bayesian framework is excellent, demonstrating the robustness of the Planck results to the statistical methodology. We investigate the inclusion of neutrino masses, where more significant differences may appear due to the non-Gaussian nature of the posterior mass distribution. By applying the Feldman-Cousins prescription, we again obtain results very similar to those of the Bayesian methodology. However, the profile-likelihood analysis of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) combination (Planck+WP+highL) reveals a minimum well within the unphysical negative-mass region. We show that inclusion of the Planck CMB-lensing information regularizes this issue, and provide a robust frequentist upper limit ∑ mν ≤ 0.26 eV (95% confidence) from the CMB+lensing+BAO data combination.
Published: 2014

34. Planck intermediate results. XX. Comparison of polarized thermal emission from Galactic dust with simulations of MHD turbulence

Author: Cardoso, J. F., Delabrouille, J., Ganga, K., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Piat, M., Remazeilles, M., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Stompor, R., Kunz, M., Natoli, P., Polenta, G., Mandolesi, N., Ashdown, M., Curto, A., Hobson, M., Lasenby, A., Stolyarov, V., Chiang, H.C., Kneissl, R., Bond, J.R., Martin, P. G., Miville-Deschênes, M. A., Alina, D., Banday, A.J., Bernard, J.-P., Bielewicz, P., Ferrière, K., Forni, O., Giard, M., Jaffe, T.R., Montier, L., Pointecouteau, E., Ristorcelli, I., Doré, O., Helou, G., Hildebrandt, S.R., Rocha, G., Hernández-Monteagudo, C., Borrill, J., Keskitalo, R., Chamballu, A., Hornstrup, Allan, Linden-Vørnle, Michael, Oxborrow, Carol Anne, Tucci, M., Atrio-Barandela, F., Toffolatti, L., Netterfield, C.B., Rachen, J.P., Scott, D., Colombo, L.P.L., Benoit-Lévy, A., Huffenberger, K.M., Juvela, M., Keihänen, E., Kurki-Suonio, H., Suur-Uski, A. S., Valiviita, J., Fraisse, A. A., Jones, W.C., Lubin, P.M., Zonca, A., Wandelt, B.D., Liguori, M., Matarrese, S., Burigana, C., De Bernardis, P., Masi, S., Melchiorri, A., Nati, F., Pagano, L., Piacentini, F., Bersanelli, M., Maino, D., Mennella, A., Tomasi, M., Gregorio, A., Mazzotta, P., Christensen, P.R., Naselsky, P., Dupac, X., Leonardi, R., Mendes, L., Tauber, J.A., Umana, G., De Zotti, G., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Maris, M., Pasian, F., Cuttaia, F., De Rosa, A., Finelli, F., Franceschi, E., Gruppuso, A., Morgante, G., Paoletti, D., Ricciardi, S., Sandri, M., Terenzi, L., Valenziano, L., Villa, F., Donzelli, S., Jaffe, A.H., Mortlock, D., Novikov, D., Pelkonen, V. M., Rusholme, B., Aghanim, N., Alves, M.I.R., Aniano, G., Arzoumanian, D., Aumont, J., Boulanger, F., Bracco, A., Douspis, M., Fanciullo, L., Ghosh, T., Guillet, V., Lagache, G., Pajot, Fernand, Puget, J. L., Soler, J. D., Benabed, K., Bouchet, F.R., Colombi, S., Hivon, E., Moneti, A., Prunet, S., Sygnet, J. F., Popa, L., Efstathiou, G., Harrison, D.L., Migliaccio, M., Sutton, D., Eriksen, H.K., Hansen, F. K., Lilje, P.B., Barreiro, R.B., Diego, J.M., González-Nuevo, J., López-Caniego, M., Martínez-González, E., Vielva, P., Crill, B.P., Górski, K.M., Holmes, W.A., Lawrence, C.R., Pietrobon, D., Wade, L.A., Davies, R.D., Davis, R. J., Dickinson, C., Noviello, F., Couchot, F., Perdereau, O., Plaszczynski, S., Tristram, M., Catalano, A., Coulais, A., Falgarone, E., Lamarre, J. M., Levrier, F., Arnaud, M., Marshall, D.J., Pratt, G.W., Combet, C., Macías-Pérez, J.F., Perotto, L., Renault, C., Van Tent, B., Kisner, T.S., Enßlin, T.A., Knoche, J., Reinecke, M., Riller, T., Murphy, J.A., Novikov, I., Baccigalupi, C., Danese, L., Perrotta, F., Ade, P.A.R., Munshi, D., Spencer, L.D., Sudiwala, R., Armitage-Caplan, C., Battaner, E., Cardoso, J. F., Delabrouille, J., Ganga, K., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Piat, M., Remazeilles, M., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Stompor, R., Kunz, M., Natoli, P., Polenta, G., Mandolesi, N., Ashdown, M., Curto, A., Hobson, M., Lasenby, A., Stolyarov, V., Chiang, H.C., Kneissl, R., Bond, J.R., Martin, P. G., Miville-Deschênes, M. A., Alina, D., Banday, A.J., Bernard, J.-P., Bielewicz, P., Ferrière, K., Forni, O., Giard, M., Jaffe, T.R., Montier, L., Pointecouteau, E., Ristorcelli, I., Doré, O., Helou, G., Hildebrandt, S.R., Rocha, G., Hernández-Monteagudo, C., Borrill, J., Keskitalo, R., Chamballu, A., Hornstrup, Allan, Linden-Vørnle, Michael, Oxborrow, Carol Anne, Tucci, M., Atrio-Barandela, F., Toffolatti, L., Netterfield, C.B., Rachen, J.P., Scott, D., Colombo, L.P.L., Benoit-Lévy, A., Huffenberger, K.M., Juvela, M., Keihänen, E., Kurki-Suonio, H., Suur-Uski, A. S., Valiviita, J., Fraisse, A. A., Jones, W.C., Lubin, P.M., Zonca, A., Wandelt, B.D., Liguori, M., Matarrese, S., Burigana, C., De Bernardis, P., Masi, S., Melchiorri, A., Nati, F., Pagano, L., Piacentini, F., Bersanelli, M., Maino, D., Mennella, A., Tomasi, M., Gregorio, A., Mazzotta, P., Christensen, P.R., Naselsky, P., Dupac, X., Leonardi, R., Mendes, L., Tauber, J.A., Umana, G., De Zotti, G., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Maris, M., Pasian, F., Cuttaia, F., De Rosa, A., Finelli, F., Franceschi, E., Gruppuso, A., Morgante, G., Paoletti, D., Ricciardi, S., Sandri, M., Terenzi, L., Valenziano, L., Villa, F., Donzelli, S., Jaffe, A.H., Mortlock, D., Novikov, D., Pelkonen, V. M., Rusholme, B., Aghanim, N., Alves, M.I.R., Aniano, G., Arzoumanian, D., Aumont, J., Boulanger, F., Bracco, A., Douspis, M., Fanciullo, L., Ghosh, T., Guillet, V., Lagache, G., Pajot, Fernand, Puget, J. L., Soler, J. D., Benabed, K., Bouchet, F.R., Colombi, S., Hivon, E., Moneti, A., Prunet, S., Sygnet, J. F., Popa, L., Efstathiou, G., Harrison, D.L., Migliaccio, M., Sutton, D., Eriksen, H.K., Hansen, F. K., Lilje, P.B., Barreiro, R.B., Diego, J.M., González-Nuevo, J., López-Caniego, M., Martínez-González, E., Vielva, P., Crill, B.P., Górski, K.M., Holmes, W.A., Lawrence, C.R., Pietrobon, D., Wade, L.A., Davies, R.D., Davis, R. J., Dickinson, C., Noviello, F., Couchot, F., Perdereau, O., Plaszczynski, S., Tristram, M., Catalano, A., Coulais, A., Falgarone, E., Lamarre, J. M., Levrier, F., Arnaud, M., Marshall, D.J., Pratt, G.W., Combet, C., Macías-Pérez, J.F., Perotto, L., Renault, C., Van Tent, B., Kisner, T.S., Enßlin, T.A., Knoche, J., Reinecke, M., Riller, T., Murphy, J.A., Novikov, I., Baccigalupi, C., Danese, L., Perrotta, F., Ade, P.A.R., Munshi, D., Spencer, L.D., Sudiwala, R., Armitage-Caplan, C., and Battaner, E.
Abstract: Polarized emission observed by Planck HFI at 353 GHz towards a sample of nearby fields is presented, focusing on the statistics of polarization fractions p and angles ψ. The polarization fractions and column densities in these nearby fields are representative of the range of values obtained over the whole sky. We find that: (i) the largest polarization fractions are reached in the most diffuse fields; (ii) the maximum polarization fraction pmax decreases with column density NH in the more opaque fields with NH> 1021 cm-2; and (iii) the polarization fraction along a given line of sight is correlated with the local spatial coherence of the polarization angle. These observations are compared to polarized emission maps computed in simulations of anisotropic magnetohydrodynamical turbulence in which we assume a uniform intrinsic polarization fraction of the dust grains. We find that an estimate of this parameter may be recovered from the maximum polarization fraction pmax in diffuse regions where the magnetic field is ordered on large scales and perpendicular to the line of sight. This emphasizes the impact of anisotropies of the magnetic field on the emerging polarization signal. The decrease of the maximum polarization fraction with column density in nearby molecular clouds is well reproduced in the simulations, indicating that it is essentially due to the turbulent structure of the magnetic field: an accumulation of variously polarized structures along the line of sight leads to such an anti-correlation. In the simulations, polarization fractions are also found to anti-correlate with the angle dispersion function S. However, the dispersion of the polarization angle for a given polarization fraction is found to be larger in the simulations than in the observations, suggesting a shortcoming in the physical content of these numerical models. In summary, we find that the tu
Published: 2015

35. Planck intermediate results. XXII. Frequency dependence of thermal emission from Galactic dust in intensity and polarization

Author: Cardoso, J. F., Delabrouille, J., Ganga, K., Remazeilles, M., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Stompor, R., Kunz, M., Natoli, P., Polenta, G., Mandolesi, N., Curto, A., Hobson, M., Lasenby, A., Stolyarov, V., Chiang, H.C., Kneissl, R., Bond, J.R., Martin, P.G., Miville-Deschênes, M. A., Oppermann, N., Salerno, E., Banday, A.J., Bernard, J. P., Bielewicz, P., Forni, O., Giard, M., Jaffe, T.R., Montier, L., Pointecouteau, E., Ristorcelli, I., Bock, J.J., Doré, O., Helou, G., Hildebrandt, S.R., Rocha, G., Hernández-Monteagudo, C., Borrill, J., Keskitalo, R., Chamballu, A., Hornstrup, Allan, Linden-Vørnle, Michael, Oxborrow, Carol Anne, Tucci, M., Atrio-Barandela, F., Toffolatti, L., Netterfield, C.B., Rachen, J.P., Scott, D., Colombo, L.P.L., Benoit-Lévy, A., Keihänen, E., Kurki-Suonio, H., Suur-Uski, A. S., Valiviita, J., Fraisse, A. A., Jones, W.C., Lubin, P.M., Zonca, A., Wandelt, B.D., Liguori, M., Matarrese, S., Burigana, C., De Bernardis, P., Masi, S., Melchiorri, A., Nati, F., Pagano, L., Piacentini, F., Bersanelli, M., Maino, D., Mennella, A., Tomasi, M., Gregorio, A., Mazzotta, P., Naselsky, P., Rubiño-Martín, J.A., Dupac, X., Leonardi, R., Mendes, L., Tauber, J.A., De Zotti, G., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Maris, M., Pasian, F., Zacchei, A., Cuttaia, F., Finelli, F., Franceschi, E., Gruppuso, A., Morgante, G., Paoletti, D., Ricciardi, S., Sandri, M., Terenzi, L., Valenziano, L., Villa, F., Donzelli, S., Désert, F. X., Jaffe, A.H., Mortlock, D., Novikov, D., Rusholme, B., Alves, M.I.R., Aniano, G., Aumont, J., Boulanger, F., Douspis, M., Ghosh, T., Guillet, V., Lagache, G., Pajot, Fernand, Benabed, K., Bouchet, F.R., Hivon, E., Moneti, A., Sygnet, J. F., Popa, L., Harrison, D.L., Migliaccio, M., Sutton, D., Eriksen, H.K., Hansen, F. K., Lilje, P.B., Magalhães, A.M., Barreiro, R.B., Diego, J.M., González-Nuevo, J., López-Caniego, M., Martínez-González, E., Vielva, P., Crill, B.P., Górski, K.M., Holmes, W.A., Lawrence, C.R., Pietrobon, D., Davies, R.D., Davis, R. J., Dickinson, C., Leahy, J.P., Maffei, B., Noviello, F., Couchot, F., Perdereau, O., Plaszczynski, S., Tristram, M., Catalano, A., Coulais, A., Falgarone, E., Lamarre, J. M., Levrier, F., Arnaud, M., Marshall, D.J., Pratt, G.W., Combet, C., Macías-Pérez, J.F., Perotto, L., Renault, C., Van Tent, B., Kisner, T.S., Enßlin, T.A., Knoche, J., Reinecke, M., Riller, T., Murphy, J.A., Novikov, I., Savini, G., Baccigalupi, C., Danese, L., Perrotta, F., Ade, P.A.R., Munshi, D., Spencer, L.D., Sudiwala, R., Armitage-Caplan, C., Dunkley, J., Reach, W.T., Battaner, E., Cardoso, J. F., Delabrouille, J., Ganga, K., Remazeilles, M., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Stompor, R., Kunz, M., Natoli, P., Polenta, G., Mandolesi, N., Curto, A., Hobson, M., Lasenby, A., Stolyarov, V., Chiang, H.C., Kneissl, R., Bond, J.R., Martin, P.G., Miville-Deschênes, M. A., Oppermann, N., Salerno, E., Banday, A.J., Bernard, J. P., Bielewicz, P., Forni, O., Giard, M., Jaffe, T.R., Montier, L., Pointecouteau, E., Ristorcelli, I., Bock, J.J., Doré, O., Helou, G., Hildebrandt, S.R., Rocha, G., Hernández-Monteagudo, C., Borrill, J., Keskitalo, R., Chamballu, A., Hornstrup, Allan, Linden-Vørnle, Michael, Oxborrow, Carol Anne, Tucci, M., Atrio-Barandela, F., Toffolatti, L., Netterfield, C.B., Rachen, J.P., Scott, D., Colombo, L.P.L., Benoit-Lévy, A., Keihänen, E., Kurki-Suonio, H., Suur-Uski, A. S., Valiviita, J., Fraisse, A. A., Jones, W.C., Lubin, P.M., Zonca, A., Wandelt, B.D., Liguori, M., Matarrese, S., Burigana, C., De Bernardis, P., Masi, S., Melchiorri, A., Nati, F., Pagano, L., Piacentini, F., Bersanelli, M., Maino, D., Mennella, A., Tomasi, M., Gregorio, A., Mazzotta, P., Naselsky, P., Rubiño-Martín, J.A., Dupac, X., Leonardi, R., Mendes, L., Tauber, J.A., De Zotti, G., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Maris, M., Pasian, F., Zacchei, A., Cuttaia, F., Finelli, F., Franceschi, E., Gruppuso, A., Morgante, G., Paoletti, D., Ricciardi, S., Sandri, M., Terenzi, L., Valenziano, L., Villa, F., Donzelli, S., Désert, F. X., Jaffe, A.H., Mortlock, D., Novikov, D., Rusholme, B., Alves, M.I.R., Aniano, G., Aumont, J., Boulanger, F., Douspis, M., Ghosh, T., Guillet, V., Lagache, G., Pajot, Fernand, Benabed, K., Bouchet, F.R., Hivon, E., Moneti, A., Sygnet, J. F., Popa, L., Harrison, D.L., Migliaccio, M., Sutton, D., Eriksen, H.K., Hansen, F. K., Lilje, P.B., Magalhães, A.M., Barreiro, R.B., Diego, J.M., González-Nuevo, J., López-Caniego, M., Martínez-González, E., Vielva, P., Crill, B.P., Górski, K.M., Holmes, W.A., Lawrence, C.R., Pietrobon, D., Davies, R.D., Davis, R. J., Dickinson, C., Leahy, J.P., Maffei, B., Noviello, F., Couchot, F., Perdereau, O., Plaszczynski, S., Tristram, M., Catalano, A., Coulais, A., Falgarone, E., Lamarre, J. M., Levrier, F., Arnaud, M., Marshall, D.J., Pratt, G.W., Combet, C., Macías-Pérez, J.F., Perotto, L., Renault, C., Van Tent, B., Kisner, T.S., Enßlin, T.A., Knoche, J., Reinecke, M., Riller, T., Murphy, J.A., Novikov, I., Savini, G., Baccigalupi, C., Danese, L., Perrotta, F., Ade, P.A.R., Munshi, D., Spencer, L.D., Sudiwala, R., Armitage-Caplan, C., Dunkley, J., Reach, W.T., and Battaner, E.
Abstract: Planck has mapped the intensity and polarization of the sky at microwave frequencies with unprecedented sensitivity. We use these data to characterize the frequency dependence of dust emission. We make use of the Planck 353 GHz I, Q, and U Stokes maps as dust templates, and cross-correlate them with the Planck and WMAP data at 12 frequencies from 23 to 353 GHz, over circular patches with 10° radius. The cross-correlation analysis is performed for both intensity and polarization data in a consistent manner. The results are corrected for the chance correlation between the templates and the anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background. We use a mask that focuses our analysis on the diffuse interstellar medium at intermediate Galactic latitudes. We determine the spectral indices of dust emission in intensity and polarization between 100 and 353 GHz, for each sky patch. Both indices are found to be remarkably constant over the sky. The mean values, 1.59 ± 0.02 for polarization and 1.51 ± 0.01 for intensity, for a mean dust temperature of 19.6 K, are close, but significantly different (3.6σ). We determine the mean spectral energy distribution (SED) of the microwave emission, correlated with the 353 GHz dust templates, by averaging the results of the correlation over all sky patches. We find that the mean SED increases for decreasing frequencies at ν<60 GHz for both intensity and polarization. The rise of the polarization SED towards low frequencies may be accounted for by a synchrotron component correlated with dust, with no need for any polarization of the anomalous microwave emission. We use a spectral model to separate the synchrotron and dust polarization and to characterize the spectral dependence of the dust polarization fraction. The polarization fraction (p) of the dust emission decreases by (21 ± 6)% from 353 to 70 GHz. We discuss this result within the context of existing dust models. The decrease in p could indicate differences in polarization effi
Published: 2015

36. Planck intermediate results. XXI. Comparison of polarized thermal emission from Galactic dust at 353 GHz with interstellar polarization in the visible

Author: Cardoso, J.F., Delabrouille, J., Ganga, K., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Piat, M., Remazeilles, M., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Stompor, R., Lähteenmäki, A., Kunz, M., Natoli, P., Polenta, G., Mandolesi, N., Ashdown, M., Curto, A., Hobson, M., Lasenby, A., Stolyarov, V., Chiang, H.C., Kneissl, R., Bond, J.R., Martin, P.G., Miville-Deschênes, M.A., Alina, D., Banday, A.J., Bernard, J.P., Bielewicz, P., Forni, O., Giard, M., Jaffe, T.R., Montier, L., Pointecouteau, E., Ristorcelli, I., Beichman, C., Bock, J.J., Doré, O., Helou, G., Hildebrandt, S.R., Rocha, G., Hernández-Monteagudo, C., Borrill, J., Keskitalo, R., Rebolo, R., Chamballu, A., Hornstrup, Allan, Linden-Vørnle, Michael, Oxborrow, Carol Anne, Tucci, M., Atrio-Barandela, F., Toffolatti, L., Netterfield, C.B., Rachen, J.P., Scott, D., Colombo, L.P.L., Benoit-Lévy, A., Poidevin, F., Huffenberger, K.M., Juvela, M., Keihänen, E., Kurki-Suonio, H., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Valiviita, J., Fraisse, A.A., Jones, W.C., Lubin, P.M., Zonca, A., Wandelt, B.D., Liguori, M., Matarrese, S., Burigana, C., De Bernardis, P., Masi, S., Melchiorri, A., Nati, F., Pagano, L., Piacentini, F., Bersanelli, M., Maino, D., Mennella, A., Tomasi, M., Gregorio, A., Mazzotta, P., Christensen, P. R., Naselsky, P., Dupac, X., Leonardi, R., Mendes, L., Tauber, J.A., Umana, G., De Zotti, G., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Maris, M., Pasian, F., Cuttaia, F., De Rosa, A., Finelli, F., Franceschi, E., Gruppuso, A., Morgante, G., Paoletti, D., Ricciardi, S., Sandri, M., Terenzi, L., Valenziano, L., Villa, F., Donzelli, S., Désert, F.X., Jaffe, A.H., Mortlock, D., Novikov, D., Chary, R.R., Paladini, R., Rusholme, B., Aghanim, N., Aniano, G., Aumont, J., Boulanger, F., Douspis, M., Fanciullo, L., Ghosh, T., Guillet, V., Lagache, G., Pajot, Fernand, Puget, J.L., Benabed, K., Bouchet, F.R., Colombi, S., Hivon, E., Moneti, A., Prunet, S., Sygnet, J. F., Popa, L., Efstathiou, G., Harrison, D.L., Migliaccio, M., Sutton, D., Eriksen, H.K., Hansen, F.K., Lilje, P.B., Magalhães, A.M., Barreiro, R.B., Diego, J.M., González-Nuevo, J., López-Caniego, M., Martínez-González, E., Vielva, P., Crill, B.P., Górski, K.M., Holmes, W.A., Lawrence, C.R., Pietrobon, D., Wade, L.A., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., Dickinson, C., Maffei, B., Noviello, F., Couchot, F., Perdereau, O., Plaszczynski, S., Tristram, M., Catalano, A., Coulais, A., Falgarone, E., Lamarre, J. M., Levrier, F., Arnaud, M., Marshall, D.J., Pratt, G.W., Combet, C., Macías-Pérez, J.F., Perotto, L., Renault, C., Van Tent, B., Kisner, T.S., Enßlin, T.A., Knoche, J., Reinecke, M., Riller, T., Murphy, J.A., Novikov, I., Savini, G., Baccigalupi, C., Danese, L., Perrotta, F., Ade, P.A.R., Munshi, D., Spencer, L.D., Sudiwala, R., Armitage-Caplan, C., Dunkley, J., Reach, W.T., Battaner, E., Cardoso, J.F., Delabrouille, J., Ganga, K., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Piat, M., Remazeilles, M., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Stompor, R., Lähteenmäki, A., Kunz, M., Natoli, P., Polenta, G., Mandolesi, N., Ashdown, M., Curto, A., Hobson, M., Lasenby, A., Stolyarov, V., Chiang, H.C., Kneissl, R., Bond, J.R., Martin, P.G., Miville-Deschênes, M.A., Alina, D., Banday, A.J., Bernard, J.P., Bielewicz, P., Forni, O., Giard, M., Jaffe, T.R., Montier, L., Pointecouteau, E., Ristorcelli, I., Beichman, C., Bock, J.J., Doré, O., Helou, G., Hildebrandt, S.R., Rocha, G., Hernández-Monteagudo, C., Borrill, J., Keskitalo, R., Rebolo, R., Chamballu, A., Hornstrup, Allan, Linden-Vørnle, Michael, Oxborrow, Carol Anne, Tucci, M., Atrio-Barandela, F., Toffolatti, L., Netterfield, C.B., Rachen, J.P., Scott, D., Colombo, L.P.L., Benoit-Lévy, A., Poidevin, F., Huffenberger, K.M., Juvela, M., Keihänen, E., Kurki-Suonio, H., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Valiviita, J., Fraisse, A.A., Jones, W.C., Lubin, P.M., Zonca, A., Wandelt, B.D., Liguori, M., Matarrese, S., Burigana, C., De Bernardis, P., Masi, S., Melchiorri, A., Nati, F., Pagano, L., Piacentini, F., Bersanelli, M., Maino, D., Mennella, A., Tomasi, M., Gregorio, A., Mazzotta, P., Christensen, P. R., Naselsky, P., Dupac, X., Leonardi, R., Mendes, L., Tauber, J.A., Umana, G., De Zotti, G., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Maris, M., Pasian, F., Cuttaia, F., De Rosa, A., Finelli, F., Franceschi, E., Gruppuso, A., Morgante, G., Paoletti, D., Ricciardi, S., Sandri, M., Terenzi, L., Valenziano, L., Villa, F., Donzelli, S., Désert, F.X., Jaffe, A.H., Mortlock, D., Novikov, D., Chary, R.R., Paladini, R., Rusholme, B., Aghanim, N., Aniano, G., Aumont, J., Boulanger, F., Douspis, M., Fanciullo, L., Ghosh, T., Guillet, V., Lagache, G., Pajot, Fernand, Puget, J.L., Benabed, K., Bouchet, F.R., Colombi, S., Hivon, E., Moneti, A., Prunet, S., Sygnet, J. F., Popa, L., Efstathiou, G., Harrison, D.L., Migliaccio, M., Sutton, D., Eriksen, H.K., Hansen, F.K., Lilje, P.B., Magalhães, A.M., Barreiro, R.B., Diego, J.M., González-Nuevo, J., López-Caniego, M., Martínez-González, E., Vielva, P., Crill, B.P., Górski, K.M., Holmes, W.A., Lawrence, C.R., Pietrobon, D., Wade, L.A., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., Dickinson, C., Maffei, B., Noviello, F., Couchot, F., Perdereau, O., Plaszczynski, S., Tristram, M., Catalano, A., Coulais, A., Falgarone, E., Lamarre, J. M., Levrier, F., Arnaud, M., Marshall, D.J., Pratt, G.W., Combet, C., Macías-Pérez, J.F., Perotto, L., Renault, C., Van Tent, B., Kisner, T.S., Enßlin, T.A., Knoche, J., Reinecke, M., Riller, T., Murphy, J.A., Novikov, I., Savini, G., Baccigalupi, C., Danese, L., Perrotta, F., Ade, P.A.R., Munshi, D., Spencer, L.D., Sudiwala, R., Armitage-Caplan, C., Dunkley, J., Reach, W.T., and Battaner, E.
Abstract: The Planck survey provides unprecedented full-sky coverage of the submillimetre polarized emission from Galactic dust. In addition to the information on the direction of the Galactic magnetic field, this also brings new constraints on the properties of dust. The dust grains that emit the radiation seen by Planck in the submillimetre also extinguish and polarize starlight in the visible. Comparison of the polarization of the emission and of the interstellar polarization on selected lines of sight probed by stars provides unique new diagnostics of the emission and light scattering properties of dust, and therefore of the important dust model parameters, composition, size, and shape. Using ancillary catalogues of interstellar polarization and extinction of starlight, we obtain the degree of polarization, pV, and the optical depth in the V band to the star, τV. Toward these stars we measure the submillimetre polarized intensity, PS, and total intensity, IS, in the Planck 353 GHz channel. We compare the column density measure in the visible, E(B - V), with that inferred from the Planck product map of the submillimetre dust optical depth and compare the polarization direction (position angle) in the visible with that in the submillimetre. For those lines of sight through the diffuse interstellar medium with comparable values of the estimated column density and polarization directions close to orthogonal, we correlate properties in the submillimetre and visible to find two ratios, RS/V = (PS/IS)/(pV/τV) and RP/p = PS/pV, the latter focusing directly on the polarization properties of the aligned grain population alone. We find RS/V = 4.2, with statistical and systematic uncertainties 0.2 and 0.3, respectively, and RP/p = 5.4 M
Published: 2015

37. Planck intermediate results. XIX. An overview of the polarized thermal emission from Galactic dust

Author: Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Alina, D., Alves, M.I.R., Armitage-Caplan, C., Arnaud, M., Arzoumanian, D., Ashdown, M., Atrio-Barandela, F., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J.J., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Boulanger, F., Bracco, A., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Chary, R.-R., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Gouveia Dal Pino, E.M., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Desert, F.-X., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Dunkley, J., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Falgarone, E., Ferrière, K., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Galeotta, S., Ganga, K., Giard, M., Ghosh, T., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Guillet, V., Hansen, F.K., Harrison, D., Helou, G., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Huffenberger, K.M., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T.S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lahteenmaki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lawrence, C.R., Leahy, J.P., Leonardi, R., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maffei, B., Magalhães, A.M., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Marshall, D.J., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Mazzotta, P., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C.B., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oxborrow, C.A., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paladini, R., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Pearson, T.J., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Poidevin, F., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Popa, L., Pratt, G.W., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reach, W.T., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Ricciardi, S., Riller, T., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sudiwala, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Alina, D., Alves, M.I.R., Armitage-Caplan, C., Arnaud, M., Arzoumanian, D., Ashdown, M., Atrio-Barandela, F., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J.J., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Boulanger, F., Bracco, A., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Chary, R.-R., Chiang, H.C., Christensen, P.R., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Combet, C., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Gouveia Dal Pino, E.M., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Desert, F.-X., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Dunkley, J., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Falgarone, E., Ferrière, K., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Galeotta, S., Ganga, K., Giard, M., Ghosh, T., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Guillet, V., Hansen, F.K., Harrison, D., Helou, G., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Huffenberger, K.M., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T.S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lahteenmaki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lawrence, C.R., Leahy, J.P., Leonardi, R., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maffei, B., Magalhães, A.M., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Marshall, D.J., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Mazzotta, P., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C.B., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oxborrow, C.A., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paladini, R., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Pearson, T.J., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Poidevin, F., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Popa, L., Pratt, G.W., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reach, W.T., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Ricciardi, S., Riller, T., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sudiwala, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
Abstract: This paper presents an overview of the polarized sky as seen by Planck HFI at 353 GHz, which is the most sensitive Planck channel for dust polarization. We construct and analyse maps of dust polarization fraction and polarization angle at 1° resolution, taking into account noise bias and possible systematic effects. The sensitivity of the Planck HFI polarization measurements allows for the first time a mapping of Galactic dust polarized emission on large scales, including low column density regions. We find that the maximum observed dust polarization fraction is high (pmax = 19.8%), in particular in some regions of moderate hydrogen column density (NH < 2 × 1021 cm-2). The polarization fraction displays a large scatter at NH below a few 1021 cm-2. There is a general decrease in the dust polarization fraction with increasing column density above NH ≃ 1 × 1021 cm-2 and in particular a sharp drop above NH ≃ 1.5 × 1022 cm-2. We characterize the spatial structure of the polarization angle using the angle dispersion function. We find that the polarization angle is ordered over extended areas of several square degrees, separated by filamentary structures of high angle dispersion function. These appear as interfaces where the sky projection of the magnetic field changes abruptly without variations in the column density. The polarization fraction is found to be anti-correlated with the dispersion of polarization angles. These results suggest that, at the resolution of 1°, depolarization is due mainly to fluctuations in the magnetic field orientation along the line of sight, rather than to the loss of grain alignment in shielded regions. We also compare the polarization of thermal dust emission with that of synchrotron measured with Planck, low-frequency radio data, and Faraday rotation measurements toward extragalactic sources. These components bear resemblance along the Galactic plane and in some regions such as the Fan and North Polar Spur regions. The poor match observed
Published: 2015

38. Planck intermediate results. XVIII. The millimetre and sub-millimetre emission from planetary nebulae

Author: Arnaud, M., Atrio-Barandela, F., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bonaldi, A., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Buemi, C.S., Burigana, C., Cardoso, J.-F., Casassus, S., Catalano, A., Cerrigone, L., Chamballu, A., Chiang, H.C., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Couchot, F., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Dupac, X., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Finelli, F., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Galeotta, S., Ganga, K., Giard, M., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F.K., Harrison, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Holmes, W.A., Hora, L., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T.S., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lahteenmaki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lawrence, C.R., Leonardi, R., Leto, P., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maffei, B., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Martin, P.G., Masi, S., Massardi, M., Matarrese, S., Mazzotta, P., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paladini, R., Paoletti, D., Peel, M., Perdereau, O., Perrotta, F., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Popa, L., Pratt, G.W., Procopio, P., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Ricciardi, S., Riller, T., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Trigilio, C., Tristram, M., Trombetti, T., Tucci, M., Umana, G., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Zacchei, A., Zijlstra, A., Zonca, A., Arnaud, M., Atrio-Barandela, F., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bonaldi, A., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Buemi, C.S., Burigana, C., Cardoso, J.-F., Casassus, S., Catalano, A., Cerrigone, L., Chamballu, A., Chiang, H.C., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Couchot, F., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Dupac, X., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Finelli, F., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Galeotta, S., Ganga, K., Giard, M., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F.K., Harrison, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Holmes, W.A., Hora, L., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T.S., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lahteenmaki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lawrence, C.R., Leonardi, R., Leto, P., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maffei, B., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Martin, P.G., Masi, S., Massardi, M., Matarrese, S., Mazzotta, P., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paladini, R., Paoletti, D., Peel, M., Perdereau, O., Perrotta, F., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Popa, L., Pratt, G.W., Procopio, P., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Ricciardi, S., Riller, T., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Trigilio, C., Tristram, M., Trombetti, T., Tucci, M., Umana, G., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Zacchei, A., Zijlstra, A., and Zonca, A.
Abstract: Late stages of stellar evolution are characterized by copious mass-loss events whose signature is the formation of circumstellar envelopes (CSE). Planck multi-frequency measurements have provided relevant information on a sample of Galactic planetary nebulae (PNe) in the important and relatively unexplored observational band between 30 and 857 GHz. Planck enables the assembly of comprehensive PNe spectral energy distributions (SEDs) from radio to far-IR frequencies. Modelling the derived SEDs provides us with information on physical properties of CSEs and the mass content of both main components: ionized gas, traced by the free-free emission at cm–mm waves; and thermal dust, traced by the millimetre and far-IR emission. In particular, the amount of ionized gas and dust has been derived here. Such quantities have also been estimated for the very young PN CRL 618, where the strong variability observed in its radio and millimetre emission has previously prevented constructing its SED. A morphological study of the Helix Nebula was also performed. Planck maps reveal, for the first time, the spatial distribution of the dust inside the envelope, allowing us to identify different components, the most interesting of which is a very extended component (up to 1 pc) that may be related to a region where the slow expanding envelope is interacting with the surrounding interstellar medium.
Published: 2015

39. Planck 2013 results. XXXII. The updated Planck catalogue of Sunyaev-Zeldovich sources

Author: Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Armitage-Caplan, C., Arnaud, Martha B., Ashdown, M., Atrio-Barandela, F., Aumont, J., Aussel, H., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Barrena, R., Bartelmann, M., Bartlett, J.G., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bikmaev, I., Bobin, J., Bock, J.J., Böhringer, H., Bonaldi, A., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Bridges, M., Bucher, M., Burenin, R., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Cardoso, J.-F., Carvalho, P., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., Chary, R.-R., Chen, X., Chiang, H.C., Chiang, L.-Y., Chon, G., Christensen, P.R., Churazov, E., Church, S., Clements, D.L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Comis, B., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Da Silva, A., Dahle, H., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J.-M., Démoclès, J., Desert, F.-X., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dolag, K., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Feroz, F., Ferragamo, A., Finelli, F., Flores-Cacho, I., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Fromenteau, S., Galeotta, S., Ganga, K., Genova-Santos, R.T., Giard, M., Giardino, G., Gilfanov, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Grainge, K.J.B., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Groeneboom, N.E., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Hempel, A., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Hurley-Walker, N., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, Gary W., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Khamitov, I., Kisner, T.S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Knox, L., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lahteenmaki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Laureijs, R.J., Lawrence, C.R., Leahy, J.P., Leonardi, R., Leon-Tavares, J., Lesgourgues, J., Li, C., Liddle, A., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., MacTavish, C.J., Maffei, B., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Marshall, D.J., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Massardi, M., Matarrese, S., Matthai, F., Mazzotta, P., Mei, S., Meinhold, P.R., Melchiorri, A., Melin, J.-B., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mikkelsen, K., Mitra, S., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nastasi, A., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Nesvadba, N.P.H., Netterfield, C.B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., O'Dwyer, I.J., Olamaie, M., Osborne, S., Oxborrow, C.A., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Pearson, T.J., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrott, Y.C., Perrotta, F., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Popa, L., Poutanen, T., Pratt, G.W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reach, W.T., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Ricciardi, S., Riller, T., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Rowan-Robinson, M., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rumsey, C., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Saunders, R.D.E., Savini, G., Schammel, M.P., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Shellard, E.P.S., Shimwell, T.W., Spencer, L., Starck, J.-L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Streblyanska, A., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Sureau, F., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Tavagnacco, D., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tramonte, D., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Turler, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vibert, L., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., White, M., White, S.D.M., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Armitage-Caplan, C., Arnaud, Martha B., Ashdown, M., Atrio-Barandela, F., Aumont, J., Aussel, H., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Barrena, R., Bartelmann, M., Bartlett, J.G., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bikmaev, I., Bobin, J., Bock, J.J., Böhringer, H., Bonaldi, A., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Bridges, M., Bucher, M., Burenin, R., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Cardoso, J.-F., Carvalho, P., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., Chary, R.-R., Chen, X., Chiang, H.C., Chiang, L.-Y., Chon, G., Christensen, P.R., Churazov, E., Church, S., Clements, D.L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L.P.L., Comis, B., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B.P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Da Silva, A., Dahle, H., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J.-M., Démoclès, J., Desert, F.-X., Dickinson, C., Diego, J.M., Dolag, K., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Feroz, F., Ferragamo, A., Finelli, F., Flores-Cacho, I., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Fromenteau, S., Galeotta, S., Ganga, K., Genova-Santos, R.T., Giard, M., Giardino, G., Gilfanov, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Grainge, K.J.B., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Groeneboom, N.E., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D., Hempel, A., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Hurley-Walker, N., Jaffe, A.H., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, Gary W., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Khamitov, I., Kisner, T.S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Knox, L., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lahteenmaki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Laureijs, R.J., Lawrence, C.R., Leahy, J.P., Leonardi, R., Leon-Tavares, J., Lesgourgues, J., Li, C., Liddle, A., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., MacTavish, C.J., Maffei, B., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Marshall, D.J., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Massardi, M., Matarrese, S., Matthai, F., Mazzotta, P., Mei, S., Meinhold, P.R., Melchiorri, A., Melin, J.-B., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mikkelsen, K., Mitra, S., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nastasi, A., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Nesvadba, N.P.H., Netterfield, C.B., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., O'Dwyer, I.J., Olamaie, M., Osborne, S., Oxborrow, C.A., Paci, F., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Pearson, T.J., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrott, Y.C., Perrotta, F., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Popa, L., Poutanen, T., Pratt, G.W., Prezeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reach, W.T., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Ricciardi, S., Riller, T., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Rowan-Robinson, M., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rumsey, C., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Saunders, R.D.E., Savini, G., Schammel, M.P., Scott, D., Seiffert, M.D., Shellard, E.P.S., Shimwell, T.W., Spencer, L., Starck, J.-L., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Streblyanska, A., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Sureau, F., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Tavagnacco, D., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tramonte, D., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Tuovinen, J., Turler, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vibert, L., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., White, M., White, S.D.M., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
Abstract: We update the all-sky Planck catalogue of 1227 clusters and cluster candidates (PSZ1) published in March 2013, derived from detections of the Sunyaev–Zeldovich (SZ) effect using the first 15.5 months of Planck satellite observations. As an addendum, we deliver an updated version of the PSZ1 catalogue, reporting the further confirmation of 86 Planck-discovered clusters. In total, the PSZ1 now contains 947 confirmed clusters, of which 214 were confirmed as newly discovered clusters through follow-up observations undertaken by the Planck Collaboration. The updated PSZ1 contains redshifts for 913 systems, of which 736 (~ 80.6%) are spectroscopic, and associated mass estimates derived from the Yz mass proxy. We also provide a new SZ quality flag for the remaining 280 candidates. This flag was derived from a novel artificial neural-network classification of the SZ signal. Based on this assessment, the purity of the updated PSZ1 catalogue is estimated to be 94%. In this release, we provide the full updated catalogue and an additional readme file with further information on the Planck SZ detections.
Published: 2015

40. Planck intermediate results. XXVI. Optical identification and redshifts of Planck clusters with the RTT150 telescope

Author: Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Barrena, R., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bikmaev, I., Böhringer, H., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Burenin, R., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Carvalho, P., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Chiang, H.C., Chon, G., Christensen, P.R., Churazov, E., Clements, D.L., Colombo, L.P.L., Comis, B., Couchot, F., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Dahle, H., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Finelli, F., Flores-Cacho, I., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Fromenteau, S., Galeotta, S., Ganga, K., Genova-Santos, R.T., Giard, M., Gilfanov, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D.L., Hempel, A., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Khamitov, I., Kisner, T.S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lageche, G., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leonardi, R., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Mazzotta, P., Melin, J.-B., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oxborrow, C.A., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, D., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Popa, L., Pratt, G.W., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Ricciardi, S., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Roman, M., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Scott, D., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vibert, L., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Ade, P.A.R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A.J., Barreiro, R.B., Barrena, R., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bikmaev, I., Böhringer, H., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F.R., Burenin, R., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Calabrese, E., Carvalho, P., Catalano, A., Chamballu, A., Chiang, H.C., Chon, G., Christensen, P.R., Churazov, E., Clements, D.L., Colombo, L.P.L., Comis, B., Couchot, F., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Dahle, H., Danese, L., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., De Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Diego, J.M., Dole, H., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T.A., Eriksen, H.K., Finelli, F., Flores-Cacho, I., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A.A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Fromenteau, S., Galeotta, S., Ganga, K., Genova-Santos, R.T., Giard, M., Gilfanov, M., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K.M., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F.K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D.L., Hempel, A., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hivon, E., Hobson, W.A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Huffenberger, K.M., Hurier, G., Jaffe, T.R., Jones, W.C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Khamitov, I., Kisner, T.S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lageche, G., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C.R., Leonardi, R., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P.B., Linden-Vornle, M., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P.M., Macias-Perez, J.F., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Martin, P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Mazzotta, P., Melin, J.-B., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, J.Anthony, Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Oxborrow, C.A., Pagano, L., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, D., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pietrobon, D., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Popa, L., Pratt, G.W., Prunet, S., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J.P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Ricciardi, S., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Roman, M., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Roudier, G., Rubino-Martin, J.A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Scott, D., Spencer, L., Stolyarov, V., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Sutton, D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Sygnet, J.-F., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vibert, L., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Wade, L.A., Wandelt, B.D., Wehus, I., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.
Abstract: We present the results of approximately three years of observations of Planck Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) sources with the Russian-Turkish 1.5m telescope (RTT150), as a part of the optical follow-up programme undertaken by the Planck collaboration. During this time period approximately 20% of all dark and grey clear time available at the telescope was devoted to observations of Planck objects. Some observations of distant clusters were also done at the 6 m Bolshoi Telescope Alt-azimutalnyi (BTA) of the Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In total, deep, direct images of more than one hundred fields were obtained in multiple filters.We identified 47 previously unknown galaxy clusters, 41 of which are included in the Planck catalogue of SZ sources. The redshifts of 65 Planck clusters were measured spectroscopically and 14 more were measured photometrically. We discuss the details of cluster optical identifications and redshift measurements. We also present new spectroscopic redshifts for 39 Planck clusters that were not included in the Planck SZ source catalogue and are published here for the first time.
Published: 2015

41. Planck intermediate results. XIX. An overview of the polarized thermal emission from Galactic dust

Author: Cardoso, J. F., Delabrouille, J., Ganga, K., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Piat, M., Remazeilles, M., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Stompor, R., Lähteenmäki, A., Kunz, M., Natoli, P., Polenta, G., Mandolesi, N., Ashdown, M., Curto, A., Hobson, M., Lasenby, A., Stolyarov, V., Chiang, H.C., Kneissl, R., Bond, J.R., Martin, P. G., Miville-Deschênes, M. A., Alina, D., Banday, A.J., Bernard, J.-P., Bielewicz, P., Ferrière, K., Forni, O., Giard, M., Jaffe, T.R., Montier, L., Pointecouteau, E., Ristorcelli, I., Bock, J.J., Doré, O., Helou, G., Hildebrandt, S.R., Pearson, T.J., Rocha, G., Hernández-Monteagudo, C., Borrill, J., Keskitalo, R., Rebolo, R., Chamballu, A., Hornstrup, Allan, Linden-Vørnle, Michael, Oxborrow, Carol Anne, Tucci, M., Atrio-Barandela, F., Toffolatti, L., Netterfield, C.B., Rachen, J.P., Scott, D., Colombo, L.P.L., Benoit-Lévy, A., Poidevin, F., Huffenberger, K.M., Juvela, M., Keihänen, E., Kurki-Suonio, H., Suur-Uski, A. S., Valiviita, J., Fraisse, A. A., Jones, W.C., Lubin, P.M., Zonca, A., Wandelt, B.D., Liguori, M., Matarrese, S., Burigana, C., De Bernardis, P., Masi, S., Melchiorri, A., Nati, F., Pagano, L., Piacentini, F., Bersanelli, M., Maino, D., Mennella, A., Tomasi, M., Gregorio, A., Mazzotta, P., Christensen, P. R., Naselsky, P., Rubiño-Martín, J.A., Dupac, X., Leonardi, R., Mendes, L., Tauber, J.A., Umana, G., De Zotti, G., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Maris, M., Pasian, F., Zacchei, A., Butler, R.C., Cuttaia, F., De Rosa, A., Finelli, F., Franceschi, E., Gruppuso, A., Morgante, G., Paoletti, D., Ricciardi, S., Sandri, M., Terenzi, L., Valenziano, L., Villa, F., Donzelli, S., Désert, F.-X., Jaffe, A.H., Mortlock, D., Novikov, D., Chary, R.R., Paladini, R., Rusholme, B., Aghanim, N., Alves, M.I.R., Arzoumanian, D., Aumont, J., Boulanger, F., Bracco, A., Douspis, M., Ghosh, T., Guillet, V., Lagache, G., Pajot, Fernand, Puget, J. L., Benabed, K., Bouchet, F.R., Colombi, S., Hivon, E., Moneti, A., Prunet, S., Sygnet, J. F., Popa, L., Efstathiou, G., Harrison, D.L., Migliaccio, M., Sutton, D., Eriksen, H. K., Hansen, F. K., Lilje, P.B., De Gouveia Dal Pino, E.M., Magalhães, A.M., Barreiro, R.B., Diego, J.M., González-Nuevo, J., López-Caniego, M., Martínez-González, E., Vielva, P., Crill, B.P., Górski, K.M., Holmes, W.A., Lawrence, C.R., Pietrobon, D., Wade, L.A., Davies, R.D., Davis, R. J., Dickinson, C., Leahy, J.P., Maffei, B., Noviello, F., Couchot, F., Perdereau, O., Plaszczynski, S., Tristram, M., Catalano, A., Coulais, A., Falgarone, E., Lamarre, J.-M., Levrier, F., Arnaud, M., Marshall, D.J., Pratt, G.W., Combet, C., Macías-Pérez, J.F., Perotto, L., Renault, C., Van Tent, B., Kisner, T.S., Enßlin, T.A., Knoche, J., Reinecke, M., Riller, T., Murphy, J.A., Novikov, I., Savini, G., Baccigalupi, C., Danese, L., Perrotta, F., Ade, P.A.R., Munshi, D., Spencer, L.D., Sudiwala, R., Armitage-Caplan, C., Dunkley, J., Reach, W.T., Battaner, E., Cardoso, J. F., Delabrouille, J., Ganga, K., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Piat, M., Remazeilles, M., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Stompor, R., Lähteenmäki, A., Kunz, M., Natoli, P., Polenta, G., Mandolesi, N., Ashdown, M., Curto, A., Hobson, M., Lasenby, A., Stolyarov, V., Chiang, H.C., Kneissl, R., Bond, J.R., Martin, P. G., Miville-Deschênes, M. A., Alina, D., Banday, A.J., Bernard, J.-P., Bielewicz, P., Ferrière, K., Forni, O., Giard, M., Jaffe, T.R., Montier, L., Pointecouteau, E., Ristorcelli, I., Bock, J.J., Doré, O., Helou, G., Hildebrandt, S.R., Pearson, T.J., Rocha, G., Hernández-Monteagudo, C., Borrill, J., Keskitalo, R., Rebolo, R., Chamballu, A., Hornstrup, Allan, Linden-Vørnle, Michael, Oxborrow, Carol Anne, Tucci, M., Atrio-Barandela, F., Toffolatti, L., Netterfield, C.B., Rachen, J.P., Scott, D., Colombo, L.P.L., Benoit-Lévy, A., Poidevin, F., Huffenberger, K.M., Juvela, M., Keihänen, E., Kurki-Suonio, H., Suur-Uski, A. S., Valiviita, J., Fraisse, A. A., Jones, W.C., Lubin, P.M., Zonca, A., Wandelt, B.D., Liguori, M., Matarrese, S., Burigana, C., De Bernardis, P., Masi, S., Melchiorri, A., Nati, F., Pagano, L., Piacentini, F., Bersanelli, M., Maino, D., Mennella, A., Tomasi, M., Gregorio, A., Mazzotta, P., Christensen, P. R., Naselsky, P., Rubiño-Martín, J.A., Dupac, X., Leonardi, R., Mendes, L., Tauber, J.A., Umana, G., De Zotti, G., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Maris, M., Pasian, F., Zacchei, A., Butler, R.C., Cuttaia, F., De Rosa, A., Finelli, F., Franceschi, E., Gruppuso, A., Morgante, G., Paoletti, D., Ricciardi, S., Sandri, M., Terenzi, L., Valenziano, L., Villa, F., Donzelli, S., Désert, F.-X., Jaffe, A.H., Mortlock, D., Novikov, D., Chary, R.R., Paladini, R., Rusholme, B., Aghanim, N., Alves, M.I.R., Arzoumanian, D., Aumont, J., Boulanger, F., Bracco, A., Douspis, M., Ghosh, T., Guillet, V., Lagache, G., Pajot, Fernand, Puget, J. L., Benabed, K., Bouchet, F.R., Colombi, S., Hivon, E., Moneti, A., Prunet, S., Sygnet, J. F., Popa, L., Efstathiou, G., Harrison, D.L., Migliaccio, M., Sutton, D., Eriksen, H. K., Hansen, F. K., Lilje, P.B., De Gouveia Dal Pino, E.M., Magalhães, A.M., Barreiro, R.B., Diego, J.M., González-Nuevo, J., López-Caniego, M., Martínez-González, E., Vielva, P., Crill, B.P., Górski, K.M., Holmes, W.A., Lawrence, C.R., Pietrobon, D., Wade, L.A., Davies, R.D., Davis, R. J., Dickinson, C., Leahy, J.P., Maffei, B., Noviello, F., Couchot, F., Perdereau, O., Plaszczynski, S., Tristram, M., Catalano, A., Coulais, A., Falgarone, E., Lamarre, J.-M., Levrier, F., Arnaud, M., Marshall, D.J., Pratt, G.W., Combet, C., Macías-Pérez, J.F., Perotto, L., Renault, C., Van Tent, B., Kisner, T.S., Enßlin, T.A., Knoche, J., Reinecke, M., Riller, T., Murphy, J.A., Novikov, I., Savini, G., Baccigalupi, C., Danese, L., Perrotta, F., Ade, P.A.R., Munshi, D., Spencer, L.D., Sudiwala, R., Armitage-Caplan, C., Dunkley, J., Reach, W.T., and Battaner, E.
Abstract: This paper presents an overview of the polarized sky as seen by Planck HFI at 353 GHz, which is the most sensitive Planck channel for dust polarization. We construct and analyse maps of dust polarization fraction and polarization angle at 1° resolution, taking into account noise bias and possible systematic effects. The sensitivity of the Planck HFI polarization measurements allows for the first time a mapping of Galactic dust polarized emission on large scales, including low column density regions. We find that the maximum observed dust polarization fraction is high (pmax = 19.8%), in particular in some regions of moderate hydrogen column density (NH <2 × 1021 cm-2). The polarization fraction displays a large scatter at NH below a few 1021 cm-2. There is a general decrease in the dust polarization fraction with increasing column density above NH ∼ 1 × 1021 cm-2 and in particular a sharp drop above NH ∼ 1.5 × 1022 cm-2. We characterize the spatial structure of the polarization angle using the angle dispersion function. We find that the polarization angle is ordered over extended areas of several square degrees, separated by filamentary structures of high angle dispersion function. These appear as interfaces where the sky projection of the magnetic field changes abruptly without variations in the column density. The polarization fraction is found to be anti-correlated with the dispersion of polarization angles. These results suggest that, at the resolution of 1°, depolarization is due mainly to fluctuations in the magnetic field orientation along the line of sight, rather than to the loss of grain alignment in shielded regions. We also compare the polarization of thermal dust emission with that of synchrotron measured with Planck, low-frequency radio data, and Faraday rotation measurements toward extragalactic sources. These compone
Published: 2015

42. Planck intermediate results XVIII. The millimetre and sub-millimetre emission from planetary nebulae

Author: Cardoso, J.-F., Delabrouille, J., Ganga, K., Piat, M., Remazeilles, M., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Lähteenmäki, A., Kunz, M., Natoli, P., Polenta, G., Mandolesi, N., Curto, A., Lasenby, A., Stolyarov, V., Chiang, H.C., Bond, J.R., Martin, P.G., Miville-Deschênes, M.-A., Banday, A.J., Bernard, J.-P., Bielewicz, P., Giard, M., Jaffe, T.R., Montier, L., Pointecouteau, E., Ristorcelli, I., Doré, O., Rocha, G., Cerrigone, L., Borrill, J., Keskitalo, R., Chamballu, A., Hornstrup, Allan, Linden-Vørnle, Michael, Tucci, M., Atrio-Barandela, F., Toffolatti, L., Rachen, J.P., Scott, D., Colombo, L.P.L., Benoit-Lévy, A., Huffenberger, K.M., Juvela, M., Keihänen, E., Kurki-Suonio, H., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Valiviita, J., Jones, W.C., Zonca, A., Wandelt, B.D., Matarrese, S., Burigana, C., De Bernardis, P., Masi, S., Nati, F., Pagano, L., Piacentini, F., Bersanelli, M., Maino, D., Mennella, A., Tomasi, M., Gregorio, A., Mazzotta, P., Naselsky, P., Rubiño-Martín, J.A., Dupac, X., Leonardi, R., Mendes, L., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Hora, J.L., Buemi, C.S., Leto, P., Trigilio, C., Umana, G., De Zotti, G., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Zacchei, A., Massardi, M., Cuttaia, F., De Rosa, A., Finelli, F., Franceschi, E., Gruppuso, A., Morgante, G., Paoletti, D., Procopio, P., Ricciardi, S., Sandri, M., Trombetti, T., Villa, F., Donzelli, S., Mortlock, D., Novikov, D., Paladini, R., Rusholme, B., Aumont, J., Pajot, Fernand, Puget, J.-L., Benabed, K., Bouchet, F.R., Colombi, S., Hivon, E., Moneti, A., Prunet, S., Sygnet, J.-F., Popa, L., Harrison, D.L., Migliaccio, M., Sutton, D., Eriksen, H.K., Hansen, F.K., Lilje, P.B., Barreiro, R.B., Diego, J.M., González-Nuevo, J., López-Caniego, M., Vielva, P., Crill, B.P., Górski, K.M., Hildebrandt, S.R., Holmes, W.A., Lawrence, C.R., Pietrobon, D., Wade, L.A., Bonaldi, A., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., Dickinson, C., Maffei, B., Noviello, F., Peel, M., Zijlstra, A., Couchot, F., Perdereau, O., Plaszczynski, S., Tristram, M., Catalano, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Arnaud, M., Pratt, G.W., Macías-Pérez, J.F., Van Tent, B., Kisner, T.S., Enßlin, T.A., Hovest, W., Knoche, J., Reinecke, M., Riller, T., Murphy, J.A., Novikov, I., Savini, G., Baccigalupi, C., Perrotta, F., Munshi, D., Spencer, L.D., Casassus, S., Battaner, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Delabrouille, J., Ganga, K., Piat, M., Remazeilles, M., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Lähteenmäki, A., Kunz, M., Natoli, P., Polenta, G., Mandolesi, N., Curto, A., Lasenby, A., Stolyarov, V., Chiang, H.C., Bond, J.R., Martin, P.G., Miville-Deschênes, M.-A., Banday, A.J., Bernard, J.-P., Bielewicz, P., Giard, M., Jaffe, T.R., Montier, L., Pointecouteau, E., Ristorcelli, I., Doré, O., Rocha, G., Cerrigone, L., Borrill, J., Keskitalo, R., Chamballu, A., Hornstrup, Allan, Linden-Vørnle, Michael, Tucci, M., Atrio-Barandela, F., Toffolatti, L., Rachen, J.P., Scott, D., Colombo, L.P.L., Benoit-Lévy, A., Huffenberger, K.M., Juvela, M., Keihänen, E., Kurki-Suonio, H., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Valiviita, J., Jones, W.C., Zonca, A., Wandelt, B.D., Matarrese, S., Burigana, C., De Bernardis, P., Masi, S., Nati, F., Pagano, L., Piacentini, F., Bersanelli, M., Maino, D., Mennella, A., Tomasi, M., Gregorio, A., Mazzotta, P., Naselsky, P., Rubiño-Martín, J.A., Dupac, X., Leonardi, R., Mendes, L., Tauber, J.A., Terenzi, L., Hora, J.L., Buemi, C.S., Leto, P., Trigilio, C., Umana, G., De Zotti, G., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Zacchei, A., Massardi, M., Cuttaia, F., De Rosa, A., Finelli, F., Franceschi, E., Gruppuso, A., Morgante, G., Paoletti, D., Procopio, P., Ricciardi, S., Sandri, M., Trombetti, T., Villa, F., Donzelli, S., Mortlock, D., Novikov, D., Paladini, R., Rusholme, B., Aumont, J., Pajot, Fernand, Puget, J.-L., Benabed, K., Bouchet, F.R., Colombi, S., Hivon, E., Moneti, A., Prunet, S., Sygnet, J.-F., Popa, L., Harrison, D.L., Migliaccio, M., Sutton, D., Eriksen, H.K., Hansen, F.K., Lilje, P.B., Barreiro, R.B., Diego, J.M., González-Nuevo, J., López-Caniego, M., Vielva, P., Crill, B.P., Górski, K.M., Hildebrandt, S.R., Holmes, W.A., Lawrence, C.R., Pietrobon, D., Wade, L.A., Bonaldi, A., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., Dickinson, C., Maffei, B., Noviello, F., Peel, M., Zijlstra, A., Couchot, F., Perdereau, O., Plaszczynski, S., Tristram, M., Catalano, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Arnaud, M., Pratt, G.W., Macías-Pérez, J.F., Van Tent, B., Kisner, T.S., Enßlin, T.A., Hovest, W., Knoche, J., Reinecke, M., Riller, T., Murphy, J.A., Novikov, I., Savini, G., Baccigalupi, C., Perrotta, F., Munshi, D., Spencer, L.D., Casassus, S., and Battaner, E.
Abstract: Late stages of stellar evolution are characterized by copious mass-loss events whose signature is the formation of circumstellar envelopes (CSE). Planck multi-frequency measurements have provided relevant information on a sample of Galactic planetary nebulae (PNe) in the important and relatively unexplored observational band between 30 and 857 GHz. Planck enables the assembly of comprehensive PNe spectral energy distributions (SEDs) from radio to far-IR frequencies. Modelling the derived SEDs provides us with information on physical properties of CSEs and the mass content of both main components: ionized gas, traced by the free-free emission at cm-mm waves; and thermal dust, traced by the millimetre and far-IR emission. In particular, the amount of ionized gas and dust has been derived here. Such quantities have also been estimated for the very young PN CRL? 618, where the strong variability observed in its radio and millimetre emission has previously prevented constructing its SED. A morphological study of the Helix Nebula was also performed. Planck maps reveal, for the first time, the spatial distribution of the dust inside the envelope, allowing us to identify different components, the most interesting of which is a very extended component (up to 1? pc) that may be related to a region where the slow expanding envelope is interacting with the surrounding interstellar medium.
Published: 2015

43. Planck intermediate results VI : The dynamical structure of PLCKG214.6+37.0, a Planck discovered triple system of galaxy clusters

Author: Bartlett, J.G., Cardoso, J.-F., Castex, G., Delabrouille, J., Ganga, K., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Le Jeune, M., Patanchon, G., Piat, M., Remazeilles, M., Roman, M., Rosset, C., Smoot, G.F., Lähteenmäki, A., Poutanen, T., Bikmaev, I., Kunz, M., Natoli, P., Polenta, G., Mandolesi, N., Ashdown, M., Hobson, M., Lasenby, A., Bhatia, R., Kneissl, R., Bond, J.R., Miville-Deschênes, M.-A., Banday, A.J., Bernard, J.-P., Flores-Cacho, I., Forni, O., Giard, M., Jaffe, T.R., Montier, L., Pointecouteau, E., Ristorcelli, I., Doré, O., Hildebrandt, S.R., Mei, S., Rocha, G., Dahle, H., Lilje, P.B., Da Silva, A., Hernández-Monteagudo, C., Borrill, J., Rebolo, R., Melin, J.-B., Piffaretti, R., Yvon, D., Nørgaard-Nielsen, Hans Ulrik, Frommert, M., Atrio-Barandela, F., Toffolatti, L., Rachen, J.P., Scott, D., Colombo, L.P.L., Pierpaoli, E., Juvela, M., Keihänen, E., Kurki-Suonio, H., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Jones, W.C., Knox, L., Zonca, A., Wandelt, B.D., Cayón, L., Matarrese, S., Burigana, C., De Bernardis, P., Masi, S., Melchiorri, A., Nati, F., Piacentini, F., Bersanelli, M., Maino, D., Mennella, A., Rossetti, M., Gregorio, A., Balbi, A., Bourdin, H., De Gasperis, G., Mazzotta, P., Vittorio, N., Cabella, P., Christensen, P.R., Naselsky, P., Hempel, A., Rubiño-Martín, J.A., Dupac, X., Jagemann, T., Leonardi, R., Mendes, L., Tauber, J.A., De Zotti, G., Colafrancesco, S., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Maris, M., Pasian, F., Zacchei, A., Massardi, M., Cuttaia, F., Finelli, F., Franceschi, E., Gruppuso, A., Morgante, G., Paoletti, D., Ricciardi, S., Sandri, M., Terenzi, L., Valenziano, L., Villa, F., Donzelli, S., Tomasi, M., Ponthieu, N., Mitra, S., Chamballu, A., Clements, D.L., Jaffe, A.H., Mortlock, D., Novikov, D., Rusholme, B., Benoît, A., Dole, H., Aghanim, N., Aumont, J., Douspis, M., Lagache, G., Pajot, F., Puget, J.-L., Welikala, N., Benabed, K., Bouchet, F.R., Colombi, S., Hivon, E., Moneti, A., Prunet, S., Sygnet, J.-F., Popa, L., Marleau, F., Chiang, L.-Y., Efstathiou, G., Harrison, D., Sutton, D., Eriksen, H.K., Hansen, F.K., Génova-Santos, R.T., Barreiro, R.B., Diego, J.M., González-Nuevo, J., Herranz, D., López-Caniego, M., Martínez-González, E., Vielva, P., Crill, B.P., Górski, K.M., Holmes, W.A., Lawrence, C.R., Wade, L.A., Bonaldi, A., Davis, R.J., Noviello, F., Zaroubi, S., Henrot-Versillé, S., Luzzi, G., Perdereau, O., Plaszczynski, S., Tristram, M., Catalano, A., Coulais, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Arnaud, M., Démoclès, J., Marshall, D.J., Pratt, G.W., Starck, J.-L., Comis, B., Hurier, G., Macías-Pérez, J.F., Perotto, L., Renault, C., Van Tent, B., Kisner, T.S., Dolag, K., Dörl, U., Enßlin, T.A., Gilfanov, M., Knoche, J., Reinecke, M., Riller, T., Sunyaev, R., Böhringer, H., Chon, G., Tuovinen, J., Murphy, J.A., Novikov, I., Savini, G., Baccigalupi, C., Danese, L., Perrotta, F., Ade, P.A.R., Munshi, D., Sudiwala, R., Burenin, R., Osborne, S., Khamitov, I., Heinämäki, P., Battaner, E., Department of Physics, Helsinki Institute of Physics, Anne Lähteenmäki Group, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Ade, P, Aghanim, N, Arnaud, M, Ashdown, M, Atrio-Barandela, F, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Balbi, A, Banday, A, Barreiro, R, Bartlett, J, Battaner, E, Benabed, K, Benoit, A, Bernard, J, Bersanelli, M, Bhatia, R, Bikmaev, I, Bohringer, H, Bonaldi, A, Bond, J, Borrill, J, Bouchet, F, Bourdin, H, Burenin, R, Burigana, C, Cabella, P, Cardoso, J, Castex, G, Catalano, A, Cayon, L, Chamballu, A, Chiang, L, Chon, G, Christensen, P, Clements, D, Colafrancesco, S, Colombi, S, Colombo, L, Comis, B, Coulais, A, Crill, B, Cuttaia, F, Da Silva, A, Dahle, H, Danese, L, Davis, R, De Bernardis, P, De Gasperis, G, De Zotti, G, Delabrouille, J, Democles, J, Diego, J, Dolag, K, Dole, H, Donzelli, S, Dore, O, Dorl, U, Douspis, M, Dupac, X, Efstathiou, G, Ensslin, T, Eriksen, H, Finelli, F, Flores-Cacho, I, Forni, O, Frailis, M, Franceschi, E, Frommert, M, Galeotta, S, Ganga, K, Genova-Santos, R, Giard, M, Gilfanov, M, Giraud-Heraud, Y, Gonzalez-Nuevo, J, Gorski, K, Gregorio, A, Gruppuso, A, Hansen, F, Harrison, D, Heinamaki, P, Hempel, A, Henrot-Versille, S, Hernandez-Monteagudo, C, Herranz, D, Hildebrandt, S, Hivon, E, Hobson, M, Holmes, W, Hurier, G, Jaffe, T, Jaffe, A, Jagemann, T, Jones, W, Juvela, M, Keihanen, E, Khamitov, I, Kisner, T, Kneissl, R, Knoche, J, Knox, L, Kunz, M, Kurki-Suonio, H, Lagache, G, Lahteenmaki, A, Lamarre, J, Lasenby, A, Lawrence, C, Le Jeune, M, Leonardi, R, Lilje, P, Lopez-Caniego, M, Luzzi, G, Macias-Perez, J, Maino, D, Mandolesi, N, Maris, M, Marleau, F, Marshall, D, Martinez-Gonzalez, E, Masi, S, Massardi, M, Matarrese, S, Mazzotta, P, Mei, S, Melchiorri, A, Melin, J, Mendes, L, Mennella, A, Mitra, S, Miville-Deschenes, M, Moneti, A, Montier, L, Morgante, G, Mortlock, D, Munshi, D, Murphy, J, Naselsky, P, Nati, F, Natoli, P, Nørgaard-Nielsen, H, Noviello, F, Novikov, D, Novikov, I, Osborne, S, Pajot, F, Paoletti, D, Pasian, F, Patanchon, G, Perdereau, O, Perotto, L, Perrotta, F, Piacentini, F, Piat, M, Pierpaoli, E, Piffaretti, R, Plaszczynski, S, Pointecouteau, E, Polenta, G, Ponthieu, N, Popa, L, Poutanen, T, Pratt, G, Prunet, S, Puget, J, Rachen, J, Rebolo, R, Reinecke, M, Remazeilles, M, Renault, C, Ricciardi, S, Riller, T, Ristorcelli, I, Rocha, G, Roman, M, Rosset, C, Rossetti, M, Rubino-Martin, J, Rusholme, B, Sandri, M, Savini, G, Scott, D, Smoot, G, Starck, J, Sudiwala, R, Sunyaev, R, Sutton, D, Suur-Uski, A, Sygnet, J, Tauber, J, Terenzi, L, Toffolatti, L, Tomasi, M, Tristram, M, Tuovinen, J, Valenziano, L, Van Tent, B, Vielva, P, Villa, F, Vittorio, N, Wade, L, Wandelt, B, Welikala, N, Yvon, D, Zacchei, A, Zaroubi, S, Zonca, A, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (NEEL - HELFA), Institut Néel (NEEL), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PLANCK, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (HELFA), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), APC - Cosmologie, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), HELFA - Hélium : du fondamental aux applications, Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Astronomy, P. A. R., Ade, N., Aghanim, M., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, F., Atrio Barandela, J., Aumont, C., Baccigalupi, A., Balbi, A. J., Banday, R. B., Barreiro, J. G., Bartlett, E., Battaner, K., Benabed, A., Benoît, J. P., Bernard, M., Bersanelli, R., Bhatia, I., Bikmaev, H., Böhringer, A., Bonaldi, J. R., Bond, J., Borrill, F. R., Bouchet, H., Bourdin, R., Burenin, C., Burigana, P., Cabella, J. F., Cardoso, G., Castex, A., Catalano, L., Cayón, A., Chamballu, L. Y., Chiang, G., Chon, P. R., Christensen, D. L., Clement, S., Colafrancesco, S., Colombi, L. P. L., Colombo, B., Comi, A., Coulai, B. P., Crill, F., Cuttaia, A., Da Silva, H., Dahle, L., Danese, R. J., Davi, P., de Bernardi, G., de Gasperi, G., de Zotti, J., Delabrouille, J., Démoclè, J. M., Diego, K., Dolag, H., Dole, S., Donzelli, O., Doré, U., Dörl, M., Douspi, X., Dupac, G., Efstathiou, T. A., Enßlin, H. K., Eriksen, F., Finelli, I., Flores Cacho, O., Forni, M., Fraili, E., Franceschi, M., Frommert, S., Galeotta, K., Ganga, R. T., Génova Santo, M., Giard, M., Gilfanov, Y., Giraud Héraud, J., González Nuevo, K. M., Górski, Gregorio, Anna, A., Gruppuso, F. K., Hansen, D., Harrison, P., Heinämäki, A., Hempel, S., Henrot Versillé, C., Hernández Monteagudo, D., Herranz, S. R., Hildebrandt, E., Hivon, M., Hobson, W. A., Holme, G., Hurier, T. R., Jaffe, A. H., Jaffe, T., Jagemann, W. C., Jone, M., Juvela, E., Keihänen, I., Khamitov, T. S., Kisner, R., Kneissl, J., Knoche, L., Knox, M., Kunz, H., Kurki Suonio, G., Lagache, A., Lähteenmäki, J. M., Lamarre, A., Lasenby, C. R., Lawrence, M., Le Jeune, R., Leonardi, P. B., Lilje, M., López Caniego, G., Luzzi, J. F., Macías Pérez, D., Maino, N., Mandolesi, M., Mari, F., Marleau, D. J., Marshall, E., Martínez González, S., Masi, M., Massardi, S., Matarrese, P., Mazzotta, S., Mei, A., Melchiorri, J. B., Melin, L., Mende, A., Mennella, S., Mitra, M. A., Miville Deschêne, A., Moneti, L., Montier, G., Morgante, D., Mortlock, D., Munshi, J. A., Murphy, P., Naselsky, F., Nati, P., Natoli, H. U., Nørgaard Nielsen, F., Noviello, D., Novikov, I., Novikov, S., Osborne, F., Pajot, D., Paoletti, F., Pasian, G., Patanchon, O., Perdereau, L., Perotto, F., Perrotta, F., Piacentini, M., Piat, E., Pierpaoli, R., Piffaretti, S., Plaszczynski, E., Pointecouteau, G., Polenta, N., Ponthieu, L., Popa, T., Poutanen, G. W., Pratt, S., Prunet, J. L., Puget, J. P., Rachen, R., Rebolo, M., Reinecke, M., Remazeille, C., Renault, S., Ricciardi, T., Riller, I., Ristorcelli, G., Rocha, M., Roman, C., Rosset, M., Rossetti, J. A., Rubiño Martín, B., Rusholme, M., Sandri, G., Savini, D., Scott, G. F., Smoot, J. L., Starck, R., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, D., Sutton, A. S., Suur Uski, J. F., Sygnet, J. A., Tauber, L., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, M., Tomasi, M., Tristram, J., Tuovinen, L., Valenziano, B., Van Tent, P., Vielva, F., Villa, N., Vittorio, L. A., Wade, B. D., Wandelt, N., Welikala, D., Yvon, A., Zacchei, S., Zaroubi, A., Zonca, and Universidad de Cantabria
Subjects: SAMPLE, Large-scale structure of Universe, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Triple system, Astronomy, A3558, Galaxies: clusters: general, Galaxies: clusters: individual: PLCKG214.6+37.0, Astrophysics, PLCKG214.6+37.0, 01 natural sciences, galaxies, clusters: general [galaxies], CORE, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common, Physics, Sigma, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, symbols, large-scale structure of Universe, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, education, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, MASS, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], clusters: individual: PLCKG214.6+37.0 [galaxies], symbols.namesake, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, galaxies: clusters: general, NEARBY, Supercluster, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), PRE-LAUNCH STATUS, REXCESS, Planck, Galaxy cluster, XMM-NEWTON, SPECTRUM, X rays, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, PROFILES, Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Galaxies, 115 Astronomy, Space science, Redshift, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, galaxies: clusters: individual: PLCKG214.6+37.0
Abstract: The survey of galaxy clusters performed by Planck through the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect has already discovered many interesting objects, thanks to its full sky coverage. One of the SZ candidates detected inthe early months of the mission near to the signal-to-noise threshold, PLCKG214.6+37.0, was later revealed by XMM-Newton to be a triple system of galaxy clusters. We present the results from a deep XMM-Newton re-observation of PLCKG214.6+37.0, part of a multi-wavelength programme to investigate Planck discovered superclusters. The characterisation of the physical properties of the three components has allowed us to build a template model to extract the total SZ signal of this system with Planck data. We have partly reconciled the discrepancy between the expected SZ signal derived from X-rays and the observed one, which are now consistent within 1.2σ. We measured the redshift of the three components with the iron lines in the X-ray spectrum, and confirm that the three clumps are likely part of the same supercluster structure. The analysis of the dynamical state of the three components, as well as the absence of detectable excess X-ray emission, suggests that we are witnessing the formation of a massive cluster at an early phase of interaction. © ESO, 2013., The Planck Collaboration acknowledges the support of: ESA; CNES and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MICINN and JA (Spain); Tekes, AoF and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); and DEISA (EU).
Published: 2013

44. Planck intermediate results: V. Pressure profiles of galaxy clusters from the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect

Author: Bartlett, J.G., Cardoso, J.-F., Castex, G., Delabrouille, J., Ganga, K., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Le Jeune, M., Patanchon, G., Piat, M., Remazeilles, M., Romen, M., Rosset, C., Smoot, G.F., Lähteenmäki, A., Poutanen, T., Bikmaev, I., Natoli, P., Polenta, G., Mandolesi, N., Ashdown, M., Carvalho, P., Hobson, M., Lasenby, A., Bhatia, R., Kneissl, R., Bond, J.R., Miville-Deschênes, M.-A., Banday, A.J., Bernard, J.-P., Flores-Cacho, I., Forni, O., Giard, M., Jaffe, T.R., Marshall, D.J., Montier, L., Pointecouteau, E., Ristorcelli, I., Doré, O., Hildebrandt, S.R., Mei, S., Rocha, G., Dahle, H., Lilje, P.B., Da Silva, A., Hernández-Monteagudo, C., Borrill, J., Rebolo, R., Melin, J.-B., Piffaretti, R., Yvon, D., Nørgaard-Nielsen, Hans Ulrik, Frommert, M., Kunz, M., Atrio-Barandela, F., Toffolatti, L., Rachen, J.P., Scott, D., Colombo, L.P.L., Pierpaoli, E., Liddle, A., Juvela, M., Keihänen, E., Kurki-Suonio, H., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Jones, W.C., White, M., Knox, L., Zonca, A., Wandelt, B.D., Cayón, L., Matarrese, S., De Bernardis, P., Masi, S., Melchiorri, A., Nati, F., Piacentini, F., Bersanelli, M., Maino, D., Mennella, A., Rossetti, M., Borgani, S., Gregorio, A., Burigana, C., Balbi, A., Bourdin, H., De Gasperis, G., Mazzotta, P., Vittorio, N., Cabella, P., Christensen, P.R., Naselsky, P., Hempel, A., Rubiño-Martín, J.A., Dupac, X., Jagemann, T., Leonardi, R., Mendes, L., Tauber, J.A., De Zotti, G., Colafrancesco, S., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Maris, M., Pasian, F., Zacchei, A., Massardi, M., Cuttaia, F., Finelli, F., Franceschi, E., Gruppuso, A., Morgante, G., Paoletti, D., Ricciardi, S., Sandri, M., Terenzi, L., Valenziano, L., Villa, F., Donzelli, S., Tomasi, M., Désert, F.-X., Ponthieu, N., Mitra, S., Chamballu, A., Clements, D.L., Jaffe, A.H., Mortlock, D., Novikov, D., Rusholme, B., Benoît, A., Dole, H., Aghanim, N., Aumont, J., Douspis, M., Lagache, G., Pajot, F., Puget, J.-L., Welikala, N., Benabed, K., Bouchet, F.R., Colombi, S., Hivon, E., Moneti, A., Prunet, S., Sygnet, J.-F., Fosalba, P., Popa, L., Marleau, F., Chiang, L.-Y., Efstathiou, G., Harrison, D., Sutton, D., Eriksen, H.K., Hansen, F.K., Génova-Santos, R.T., Barreiro, R.B., Diego, J.M., González-Nuevo, J., Herranz, D., López-Caniego, M., Martínez-González, E., Vielva, P., Crill, B.P., Górski, K.M., Holmes, W.A., Lawrence, C.R., Wade, L.A., Bonaldi, A., Brown, M.L., Davis, R.J., Noviello, F., Henrot-Versillé, S., Luzzi, G., Perdereau, O., Plaszczynski, S., Tristram, M., Catalano, A., Coulais, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Arnaud, M., Bobin, J., Démoclès, J., Pratt, G.W., Starck, J.-L., Comis, B., Hurier, G., Macías-Pérez, J.F., Perotto, L., Renault, C., Van Tent, B., Kisner, T.S., Churazov, E., Dolag, K., Dörl, U., Enßlin, T.A., Knoche, J., Reinecke, M., Riller, T., Sunyaev, R., White, S.D.M., Böhringer, H., Chon, G., Tuovinen, J., Varis, J., Murphy, J.A., Novikov, I., Savini, G., Baccigalupi, C., Danese, L., Perrotta, F., Ade, P.A.R., Munshi, D., Sudiwala, R., Burenin, R., Osborne, S., Khamitov, I., Reach, W.T., Battaner, E., Ade, P. A. R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Atrio Barandela, F., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Balbi, A., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartlett, J. G., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoît, A., Bernard, J. P., Bersanelli, M., Bhatia, R., Bikmaev, I., Bobin, J., Böhringer, H., Bonaldi, A., Bond, J. R., Borgani, Stefano, Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Bourdin, H., Brown, M. L., Burenin, R., Burigana, C., Cabella, P., Cardoso, J. F., Carvalho, P., Castex, G., Catalano, A., Cayón, L., Chamballu, A., Chiang, L. Y., Chon, G., Christensen, P. R., Churazov, E., Clements, D. L., Colafrancesco, S., Colombi, S., Colombo, L. P. L., Comis, B., Coulais, A., Crill, B. P., Cuttaia, F., Da Silva, A., Dahle, H., Danese, L., Davis, R. J., De Bernardis, P., De Gasperis, G., De Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Démoclès, J., Désert, F. X., Diego, J. M., Dolag, K., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Doré, O., Dörl, U., Douspis, M., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Finelli, F., Flores Cacho, I., Forni, O., Fosalba, P., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Frommert, M., Galeotta, S., Ganga, K., Génova Santos, R. T., Giard, M., Giraud Héraud, Y., González Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gregorio, Anna, Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F. K., Harrison, D., Hempel, A., Henrot Versillé, S., Hernández Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W. A., Hurier, G., Jaffe, T. R., Jaffe, A. H., Jagemann, T., Jones, W. C., Juvela, M., Keihänen, E., Khamitov, I., Kisner, T. S., Kneissl, R., Knoche, J., Knox, L., Kunz, M., Kurki Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lähteenmäki, A., Lamarre, J. M., Lasenby, A., Lawrence, C. R., Le Jeune, M., Leonardi, R., Liddle, A., Lilje, P. B., López Caniego, M., Luzzi, G., Macías Pérez, J. F., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Marleau, F., Marshall, D. J., Martínez González, E., Masi, S., Massardi, M., Matarrese, S., Mazzotta, P., Mei, S., Melchiorri, A., Melin, J. B., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Mitra, S., Miville Deschênes, M. A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, J. A., Naselsky, P., Nati, F., Natoli, P., Nørgaard Nielsen, H. U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., Osborne, S., Pajot, F., Paoletti, D., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Pierpaoli, E., Piffaretti, R., Plaszczynski, S., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Popa, L., Poutanen, T., Pratt, G. W., Prunet, S., Puget, J. L., Rachen, J. P., Reach, W. T., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Ricciardi, S., Riller, T., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Romen, M., Rosset, C., Rossetti, M., Rubiño Martín, J. A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Savini, G., Scott, D., Smoot, G. F., Starck, J. L., Sudiwala, R., Sunyaev, R., Sutton, D., Suur Uski, A. S., Sygnet, J. F., Tauber, J. A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tuovinen, J., Valenziano, L., Van Tent, B., Varis, J., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wade, L. A., Wandelt, B. D., Welikala, N., White, S. D. M., White, M., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Ade, P, Aghanim, N, Arnaud, M, Ashdown, M, Atrio-Barandela, F, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Balbi, A, Banday, A, Barreiro, R, Bartlett, J, Battaner, E, Benabed, K, Benoit, A, Bernard, J, Bersanelli, M, Bhatia, R, Bikmaev, I, Bobin, J, Bohringer, H, Bonaldi, A, Bond, J, Borgani, S, Borrill, J, Bouchet, F, Bourdin, H, Brown, M, Burenin, R, Burigana, C, Cabella, P, Cardoso, J, Carvalho, P, Castex, G, Catalano, A, Cayon, L, Chamballu, A, Chiang, L, Chon, G, Christensen, P, Churazov, E, Clements, D, Colafrancesco, S, Colombi, S, Colombo, L, Comis, B, Coulais, A, Crill, B, Cuttaia, F, Da Silva, A, Dahle, H, Danese, L, Davis, R, De Bernardis, P, De Gasperis, G, De Zotti, G, Delabrouille, J, Democles, J, Desert, F, Diego, J, Dolag, K, Dole, H, Donzelli, S, Dore, O, Dorl, U, Douspis, M, Dupac, X, Efstathiou, G, Ensslin, T, Eriksen, H, Finelli, F, Flores-Cacho, I, Forni, O, Fosalba, P, Frailis, M, Franceschi, E, Frommert, M, Galeotta, S, Ganga, K, Genova-Santos, R, Giard, M, Giraud-Heraud, Y, Gonzalez-Nuevo, J, Gorski, K, Gregorio, A, Gruppuso, A, Hansen, F, Harrison, D, Hempel, A, Henrot-Versille, S, Hernandez-Monteagudo, C, Herranz, D, Hildebrandt, S, Hivon, E, Hobson, M, Holmes, W, Hurier, G, Jaffe, T, Jaffe, A, Jagemann, T, Jones, W, Juvela, M, Keihanen, E, Khamitov, I, Kisner, T, Kneissl, R, Knoche, J, Knox, L, Kunz, M, Kurki-Suonio, H, Lagache, G, Lahteenmaki, A, Lamarre, J, Lasenby, A, Lawrence, C, Le Jeune, M, Leonardi, R, Liddle, A, Lilje, P, Lopez-Caniego, M, Luzzi, G, Macias-Perez, J, Maino, D, Mandolesi, N, Maris, M, Marleau, F, Marshall, D, Martinez-Gonzalez, E, Masi, S, Massardi, M, Matarrese, S, Mazzotta, P, Mei, S, Melchiorri, A, Melin, J, Mendes, L, Mennella, A, Mitra, S, Miville-Deschenes, M, Moneti, A, Montier, L, Morgante, G, Mortlock, D, Munshi, D, Murphy, J, Naselsky, P, Nati, F, Natoli, P, Norgaard-Nielsen, H, Noviello, F, Novikov, D, Novikov, I, Osborne, S, Pajot, F, Paoletti, D, Pasian, F, Patanchon, G, Perdereau, O, Perotto, L, Perrotta, F, Piacentini, F, Piat, M, Pierpaoli, E, Piffaretti, R, Plaszczynski, S, Pointecouteau, E, Polenta, G, Ponthieu, N, Popa, L, Poutanen, T, Pratt, G, Prunet, S, Puget, J, Rachen, J, Reach, W, Rebolo, R, Reinecke, M, Remazeilles, M, Renault, C, Ricciardi, S, Riller, T, Ristorcelli, I, Rocha, G, Romen, M, Rosset, C, Rossetti, M, Rubino-Martin, J, Rusholme, B, Sandri, M, Savini, G, Scott, D, Smoot, G, Starck, J, Sudiwala, R, Sunyaev, R, Sutton, D, Suur-Uski, A, Sygnet, J, Tauber, J, Terenzi, L, Toffolatti, L, Tomasi, M, Tristram, M, Tuovinen, J, Valenziano, L, Van Tent, B, Varis, J, Vielva, P, Villa, F, Vittorio, N, Wade, L, Wandelt, B, Welikala, N, White, S, White, M, Yvon, D, Zacchei, A, Zonca, A, APC - Cosmologie, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), HELFA - Hélium : du fondamental aux applications, Institut Néel (NEEL), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANCK, Department of Physics, Helsinki Institute of Physics, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (NEEL - HELFA), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (HELFA), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), and Universidad de Cantabria
Subjects: cosmology: observations, galaxies: clusters: general, galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium, submillimeter: general, X-rays: general, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Astronomy, Astrophysics, clusters: general [Galaxies], general [Submillimeter], Cosmology: observation, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, general [X-rays], Dispersions, observations [Cosmology], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QB, Physics, COSMIC cancer database, Cosmology: observations, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, symbols, Halo, Galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Submillimeter: general, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, observation [Cosmology], Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, clusters: intracluster medium [Galaxies], [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], symbols.namesake, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), Density contrast, Planck, Dispersion (water waves), Galaxy cluster, x-rays: general, X rays, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Galaxies, 115 Astronomy, Space science, Baryon, Space and Planetary Science, Galaxies: clusters: general, Forecasting
Abstract: This article has an erratum: [erratum: http://www.aanda.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201220040e].-- et al., Taking advantage of the all-sky coverage and broadfrequency range of the Planck satellite, we study the Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) and pressure profiles of 62 nearby massive clusters detected at high significance in the 14-month nominal survey. Careful reconstruction of the SZ signal indicates that most clusters are individually detected at least out to R500. By stacking the radial profiles, we have statistically detected the radial SZ signal out to 3 × R500, i.e., at a density contrast of about 50-100, though the dispersion about the mean profile dominates the statistical errors across the whole radial range. Our measurement is fully consistent with previous Planck results on integrated SZ fluxes, further strengthening the agreement between SZ and X-ray measurements inside R500. Correcting for the effects of the Planck beam, we have calculated the corresponding pressure profiles. This new constraint from SZ measurements is consistent with the X-ray constraints from XMM-Newton in the region in which the profiles overlap (i.e., [0.1-1] R 500), and is in fairly good agreement with theoretical predictions within the expected dispersion. At larger radii the average pressure profile is slightly flatter than most predictions from numerical simulations. Combining the SZ and X-ray observed profiles into a joint fit to a generalised pressure profile gives best-fit parameters [P0,c500,γ, α,β] = [6.41,1.81,0.31,1.33,4.13]. Using a reasonable hypothesis for the gas temperature in the cluster outskirts we reconstruct from our stacked pressure profile the gas mass fraction profile out to 3 R500. Within the temperature driven uncertainties, our Planck constraints are compatible with the cosmic baryon fraction and expected gas fraction in halos. © 2013 ESO., The Planck Collaboration acknowledges the support of: ESA; CNES and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MICINN and JA (Spain); Tekes, AoF and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); and DEISA (EU).
Published: 2013

45. Planck intermediate results: IV. The XMM-Newton validation programme for new Planck galaxy clusters

Author: Bartlett, J.G., Delabrouille, J., Ganga, K., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Le Jeune, M., Piat, M., Remazeilles, M., Rosset, C., Smoot, G.F., Poutanen, T., Bikmaev, I., Natoli, P., Polenta, G., Mandolesi, N., Ashdown, M., Carvalho, P., Hobson, M., Lasenby, A., Kneissl, R., Bond, J.R., Miville-Deschênes, M.-A., Banday, A.J., Bernard, J.-P., Flores-Cacho, I., Forni, O., Marshall, D.J., Pointecouteau, E., Doré, O., Hildebrandt, S.R., Mei, S., Rocha, G., Dahle, H., Lilje, P.B., Da Silva, A., Hernández-Monteagudo, C., Borrill, J., Melin, J.-B., Piffaretti, R., Yvon, D., Hornstrup, Allan, Linden-Vørnle, Michael, Nørgaard-Nielsen, Hans Ulrik, Frommert, M., Kunz, M., Toffolatti, L., Scott, D., Pierpaoli, E., Liddle, A., Juvela, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Jones, W.C., Knox, L., Stanford, A., Meinhold, P.R., Zonca, A., Wandelt, B.D., Cayón, L., Matarrese, S., De Bernardis, P., Masi, S., Melchiorri, A., Nati, F., Piacentini, F., Bersanelli, M., Maino, D., Mennella, A., Rossetti, M., Borgani, S., Gregorio, A., Burigana, C., Balbi, A., De Gasperis, G., Mazzotta, P., Vittorio, N., Cabella, P., Christensen, P.R., Naselsky, P., Hempel, A., Rubiño-Martín, J.A., González-Riestra, R., Dupac, X., Jagemann, T., Leonardi, R., Mendes, L., Tauber, J.A., De Zotti, G., Colafrancesco, S., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Maris, M., Zacchei, A., Massardi, M., Butler, R.C., Cuttaia, F., Finelli, F., Franceschi, E., Gruppuso, A., Morgante, G., Paoletti, D., Ricciardi, S., Sandri, M., Terenzi, L., Valenziano, L., Villa, F., Donzelli, S., Tomasi, M., Stivoli, F., Désert, F.-X., Mitra, S., Chamballu, A., Clements, D.L., Jaffe, A.H., Mortlock, D., Chary, R.-R., Rusholme, B., Benoît, A., Dole, H., Aghanim, N., Aumont, J., Douspis, M., Lagache, G., Pajot, F., Puget, J.-L., Welikala, N., Benabed, K., Bouchet, F.R., Colombi, S., Hivon, E., Moneti, A., Prunet, S., Sygnet, J.-F., Popa, L., Marleau, F., Chiang, L.-Y., Harrison, D., Sutton, D., Eriksen, H.K., Hansen, F.K., Génova-Santos, R.T., Barreiro, R.B., Diego, J.M., González-Nuevo, J., Herranz, D., López-Caniego, M., Martínez-González, E., Vielva, P., Platania, P., Crill, B.P., Górski, K.M., Holmes, W.A., Lawrence, C.R., Wade, L.A., Bonaldi, A., Brown, M.L., Davis, R.J., Noviello, F., Henrot-Versillé, S., Luzzi, G., Perdereau, O., Plaszczynski, S., Tristram, M., Catalano, A., Coulais, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Arnaud, M., Démoclès, J., Pratt, G.W., Hurier, G., MacÍas-Pérez, J.F., Renault, C., Van Tent, B., Dolag, K., Enßlin, T.A., Hovest, W., Knoche, J., Reinecke, M., Sunyaev, R., White, S.D.M., Böhringer, H., Chon, G., Savini, G., Baccigalupi, C., Leach, S., Perrotta, F., Mann, R., Ade, P.A.R., Munshi, D., Sudiwala, R., Osborne, S., Weller, J., Battaner, E., Huffenberger, K.M., Department of Physics, Helsinki Institute of Physics, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (HELFA), Institut Néel (NEEL), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique d'Orsay [Orsay] (LPT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), PLANCK, Universidad de Cantabria, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), HELFA - Hélium : du fondamental aux applications, Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Collaboration, P, Ade, P, Aghanim, N, Arnaud, M, Ashdown, M, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Balbi, A, Banday, A, Barreiro, R, Bartlett, J, Battaner, E, Benabed, K, Benoit, A, Bernard, J, Bersanelli, M, Bikmaev, I, Bohringer, H, Bonaldi, A, Bond, J, Borgani, S, Borrill, J, Bouchet, F, Brown, M, Burigana, C, Butler, R, Cabella, P, Carvalho, P, Catalano, A, Cayon, L, Chamballu, A, Chary, R, Chiang, L, Chon, G, Christensen, P, Clements, D, Colafrancesco, S, Colombi, S, Coulais, A, Crill, B, Cuttaia, F, Da Silva, A, Dahle, H, Davis, R, De Bernardis, P, De Gasperis, G, De Zotti, G, Delabrouille, J, Democles, J, Desert, F, Diego, J, Dolag, K, Dole, H, Donzelli, S, Dore, O, Douspis, M, Dupac, X, Ensslin, T, Eriksen, H, Finelli, F, Flores-Cacho, I, Forni, O, Frailis, M, Franceschi, E, Frommert, M, Galeotta, S, Ganga, K, Genova-Santos, R, Giraud-Heraud, Y, Gonzalez-Nuevo, J, Gonzalez-Riestra, R, Gorski, K, Gregorio, A, Gruppuso, A, Hansen, F, Harrison, D, Hempel, A, Henrot-Versille, S, Hernandez-Monteagudo, C, Herranz, D, Hildebrandt, S, Hivon, E, Hobson, M, Holmes, W, Hornstrup, A, Hovest, W, Huffenberger, K, Hurier, G, Jaffe, A, Jagemann, T, Jones, W, Juvela, M, Kneissl, R, Knoche, J, Knox, L, Kunz, M, Kurki-Suonio, H, Lagache, G, Lamarre, J, Lasenby, A, Lawrence, C, Le Jeune, M, Leach, S, Leonardi, R, Liddle, A, Lilje, P, Linden-Vørnle, M, Linden-Vornle, M, Lopez-Caniego, M, Luzzi, G, Macias-Perez, J, Maino, D, Mandolesi, N, Mann, R, Maris, M, Marleau, F, Marshall, D, Martinez-Gonzalez, E, Masi, S, Massardi, M, Matarrese, S, Mazzotta, P, Mei, S, Meinhold, P, Melchiorri, A, Melin, J, Mendes, L, Mennella, A, Mitra, S, Miville-Deschenes, M, Moneti, A, Morgante, G, Mortlock, D, Munshi, D, Naselsky, P, Nati, F, Natoli, P, Nørgaard-Nielsen, H, Norgaard-Nielsen, H, Noviello, F, Osborne, S, Pajot, F, Paoletti, D, Perdereau, O, Perrotta, F, Piacentini, F, Piat, M, Pierpaoli, E, Piffaretti, R, Plaszczynski, S, Platania, P, Pointecouteau, E, Polenta, G, Popa, L, Poutanen, T, Pratt, G, Prunet, S, Puget, J, Reinecke, M, Remazeilles, M, Renault, C, Ricciardi, S, Rocha, G, Rosset, C, Rossetti, M, Rubino-Martin, J, Rusholme, B, Sandri, M, Savini, G, Scott, D, Smoot, G, Stanford, A, Stivoli, F, Sudiwala, R, Sunyaev, R, Sutton, D, Suur-Uski, A, Sygnet, J, Tauber, J, Terenzi, L, Toffolatti, L, Tomasi, M, Tristram, M, Valenziano, L, Van Tent, B, Vielva, P, Villa, F, Vittorio, N, Wade, L, Wandelt, B, Welikala, N, Weller, J, White, S, Yvon, D, Zacchei, A, Zonca, A, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (NEEL - HELFA), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI)
Subjects: galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium, galaxies: clusters: general, cosmology: observations, cosmic background radiation, x-rays: galaxies: clusters, Galaxies: clusters: intracluster mediumX-rays: galaxies: clusters, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], education, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Surveys, Cosmic background radiation, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Luminosity, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], symbols.namesake, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, 0103 physical sciences, ROSAT, galaxies, galaxy clusters, Planck, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Malmquist bias, Galaxy cluster, Physics, cosmology: observation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Cosmology: observations, X ray spectroscopy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Digitized Sky Survey, Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Galaxies, 115 Astronomy, Space science, Galaxies: clusters: general, Redshift, 3. Good health, Space and Planetary Science, X-rays: galaxies: clusters, symbols, cosmology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the final results from the XMM-Newton validation follow-up of new Planck galaxy cluster candidates. We observed 15 new candidates, detected with signal-to-noise ratios between 4.0 and 6.1 in the 15.5-month nominal Planck survey. The candidates were selected using ancillary data flags derived from the ROSAT All Sky Survey (RASS) and Digitized Sky Survey all-sky maps, with the aim of pushing into the low SZ flux, high-z regime and testing RASS flags as indicators of candidate reliability. Fourteen new clusters were detected by XMM-Newton, ten single clusters and two double systems. Redshifts from X-ray spectroscopy lie in the range 0.2 to 0.9, with six clusters at z > 0.5. Estimated masses (M500) range from 2.5 × 1014 to 8 × 1014 MM·. We discuss our results in the context of the full XMM-Newton validation programme, in which 51 new clusters have been detected. This includes four double and two triple systems, some of which are chance projections on the sky of clusters at different redshifts. We find thatassociation with a source from the RASS-Bright Source Catalogue is a robust indicator of the reliability of a candidate, whereas association with a source from the RASS-Faint Source Catalogue does not guarantee that the SZ candidate is a bona fide cluster. Nevertheless, most Planck clusters appear in RASS maps, with a significance greater than 2σ being a good indication that the candidate is a real cluster. Candidate validation from association with SDSS galaxy overdensity at z > 0.5 is also discussed. The full sample gives a Planck sensitivity threshold of Y500 4 × 10-4 arcmin2, with indication for Malmquist bias in the Y X-Y500 relation below this threshold. The corresponding mass threshold depends on redshift. Systems with M500 > 5 × 1014 MM at z > 0.5 are easily detectable with Planck. The newly-detected clusters follow the YX-Y500 relation derived from X-ray selected samples. Compared to X-ray selected clusters, the new SZ clusters have a lower X-ray luminosity on average for their mass. There is no indication of departure from standard self-similar evolution in the X-ray versus SZ scaling properties. In particular, there is no significant evolution of the YX/Y500 ratio. © ESO, 2013., The Planck Collaboration acknowledges the support of: ESA; CNES and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MICINN and JA (Spain); Tekes, AoF and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); and DEISA (EU).
Published: 2013

46. Planck intermediate results VII. Statistical properties of infrared and radio extragalactic sources from the Planck Early Release Compact Source Catalogue at frequencies between 100 and 857 GHz

Author: Cardoso, J.-F., Delabrouille, J., Ganga, K., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Patanchon, G., Piat, M., Rosset, C., Smoot, G.F., Lähteenmäki, A., Poutanen, T., Kunz, M., Natoli, P., Polenta, G., Mandolesi, N., Ashdown, M., Hobson, M., Lasenby, A., Bhatia, R., Kneissl, R., Bond, J.R., Miville-Deschênes, M.-A., Banday, A.J., Bernard, J.-P., Forni, O., Giard, M., Jaffe, T.R., Montier, L., Pointecouteau, E., Ristorcelli, I., Doré, O., Hildebrandt, S.R., Rocha, G., Lilje, P.B., Hernández-Monteagudo, C., Borrill, J., Rebolo, R., Yvon, D., Nørgaard-Nielsen, Hans Ulrik, Atrio-Barandela, F., Toffolatti, L., Argüeso, F., Rachen, J.P., Scott, D., Colombo, L.P.L., Pierpaoli, E., Kurinsky, N., Sajina, A., Juvela, M., Keihänen, E., Kurki-Suonio, H., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Jones, W.C., White, M., Knox, L., Zonca, A., Wandelt, B.D., Cayón, L., Matarrese, S., Burigana, C., De Bernardis, P., Masi, S., Melchiorri, A., Nati, F., Piacentini, F., Bersanelli, M., Maino, D., Mennella, A., Gregorio, A., Balbi, A., De Gasperis, G., Mazzotta, P., Vittorio, N., Cabella, P., Christensen, P.R., Naselsky, P., Rubiño-Martín, J.A., Dupac, X., Jagemann, T., Leonardi, R., Mendes, L., Giardino, G., Tauber, J.A., Partridge, B., De Zotti, G., Colafrancesco, S., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Maris, M., Pasian, F., Zacchei, A., Massardi, M., Cuttaia, F., Finelli, F., Franceschi, E., Gruppuso, A., Morgante, G., Paoletti, D., Ricciardi, S., Sandri, M., Terenzi, L., Valenziano, L., Villa, F., Donzelli, S., Tomasi, M., Ponthieu, N., Türler, M., Mitra, S., Chamballu, A., Clements, D.L., Jaffe, A.H., Mortlock, D., Novikov, D., Rowan-Robinson, M., Chary, R.-R., Chen, X., Paladini, R., Rusholme, B., Benoît, A., Dole, H., Aghanim, N., Aumont, J., Douspis, M., Lagache, G., Pajot, F., Puget, J.-L., Benabed, K., Bouchet, F.R., Colombi, S., Hivon, E., Moneti, A., Prunet, S., Sygnet, J.-F., Fosalba, P., Popa, L., Chiang, L.-Y., Efstathiou, G., Harrison, D., Eriksen, H.K., Hansen, F.K., Barreiro, R.B., Diego, J.M., González-Nuevo, J., Herranz, D., López-Caniego, M., Martínez-González, E., Vielva, P., Crill, B.P., Górski, K.M., Holmes, W.A., Lawrence, C.R., Wade, L.A., Bonaldi, A., Davis, R.J., Dickinson, C., Noviello, F., Henrot-Versillé, S., Perdereau, O., Plaszczynski, S., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Catalano, A., Coulais, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Arnaud, M., Bethermin, M., Marshall, D.J., Pratt, G.W., Starck, J.-L., MacÍas-Pérez, J.F., Perotto, L., Renault, C., Van Tent, B., Kisner, T.S., Dörl, U., Enßlin, T.A., Knoche, J., Reinecke, M., Riller, T., Murphy, J.A., Novikov, I., Savini, G., Baccigalupi, C., Danese, L., Perrotta, F., Ade, P.A.R., Munshi, D., Sudiwala, R., Osborne, S., Reach, W.T., Battaner, E., Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (HELFA), Institut Néel (NEEL), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Cosmologie, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), PLANCK, Department of Physics, Helsinki Institute of Physics, Collaboration, P, Ade, P, Aghanim, N, Argueso, F, Arnaud, M, Ashdown, M, Atrio-Barandela, F, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Balbi, A, Banday, A, Barreiro, R, Battaner, E, Benabed, K, Benoit, A, Bernard, J, Bersanelli, M, Bethermin, M, Bhatia, R, Bonaldi, A, Bond, J, Borrill, J, Bouchet, F, Burigana, C, Cabella, P, Cardoso, J, Catalano, A, Cayon, L, Chamballu, A, Chary, R, Chen, X, Chiang, L, Christensen, P, Clements, D, Colafrancesco, S, Colombi, S, Colombo, L, Coulais, A, Crill, B, Cuttaia, F, Danese, L, Davis, R, De Bernardis, P, De Gasperis, G, De Zotti, G, Delabrouille, J, Dickinson, C, Diego, J, Dole, H, Donzelli, S, Dore, O, Dorl, U, Douspis, M, Dupac, X, Efstathiou, G, Ensslin, T, Eriksen, H, Finelli, F, Forni, O, Fosalba, P, Frailis, M, Franceschi, E, Galeotta, S, Ganga, K, Giard, M, Giardino, G, Giraud-Heraud, Y, Gonzalez-Nuevo, J, Gorski, K, Gregorio, A, Gruppuso, A, Hansen, F, Harrison, D, Henrot-Versille, S, Hernandez-Monteagudo, C, Herranz, D, Hildebrandt, S, Hivon, E, Hobson, M, Holmes, W, Jaffe, T, Jaffe, A, Jagemann, T, Jones, W, Juvela, M, Keihanen, E, Kisner, T, Kneissl, R, Knoche, J, Knox, L, Kunz, M, Kurinsky, N, Kurki-Suonio, H, Lagache, G, Lahteenmaki, A, Lamarre, J, Lasenby, A, Lawrence, C, Leonardi, R, Lilje, P, Lopez-Caniego, M, Macias-Perez, J, Maino, D, Mandolesi, N, Maris, M, Marshall, D, Martinez-Gonzalez, E, Masi, S, Massardi, M, Matarrese, S, Mazzotta, P, Melchiorri, A, Mendes, L, Mennella, A, Mitra, S, Miville-Deschenes, M, Moneti, A, Montier, L, Morgante, G, Mortlock, D, Munshi, D, Murphy, J, Naselsky, P, Nati, F, Natoli, P, Nørgaard-Nielsen, H, Norgaard-Nielsen, H, Noviello, F, Novikov, D, Novikov, I, Osborne, S, Pajot, F, Paladini, R, Paoletti, D, Partridge, B, Pasian, F, Patanchon, G, Perdereau, O, Perotto, L, Perrotta, F, Piacentini, F, Piat, M, Pierpaoli, E, Plaszczynski, S, Pointecouteau, E, Polenta, G, Ponthieu, N, Popa, L, Poutanen, T, Pratt, G, Prunet, S, Puget, J, Rachen, J, Reach, W, Rebolo, R, Reinecke, M, Renault, C, Ricciardi, S, Riller, T, Ristorcelli, I, Rocha, G, Rosset, C, Rowan-Robinson, M, Rubino-Martin, J, Rusholme, B, Sajina, A, Sandri, M, Savini, G, Scott, D, Smoot, G, Starck, J, Sudiwala, R, Suur-Uski, A, Sygnet, J, Tauber, J, Terenzi, L, Toffolatti, L, Tomasi, M, Tristram, M, Tucci, M, Turler, M, Valenziano, L, Van Tent, B, Vielva, P, Villa, F, Vittorio, N, Wade, L, Wandelt, B, White, M, Yvon, D, Zacchei, A, Zonca, A, Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (NEEL - HELFA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), P. A. R., Ade, N., Aghanim, F., Argüeso, M., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, F., Atrio Barandela, J., Aumont, C., Baccigalupi, A., Balbi, A. J., Banday, R. B., Barreiro, E., Battaner, K., Benabed, A., Benoît, J. P., Bernard, M., Bersanelli, M., Bethermin, R., Bhatia, A., Bonaldi, J. R., Bond, J., Borrill, F. R., Bouchet, C., Burigana, P., Cabella, J. F., Cardoso, A., Catalano, L., Cayón, A., Chamballu, R. R., Chary, X., Chen, L. Y., Chiang, P. R., Christensen, D. L., Clement, S., Colafrancesco, S., Colombi, L. P. L., Colombo, A., Coulai, B. P., Crill, F., Cuttaia, L., Danese, R. J., Davi, P., de Bernardi, G., de Gasperi, G., de Zotti, J., Delabrouille, C., Dickinson, J. M., Diego, H., Dole, S., Donzelli, O., Doré, U., Dörl, M., Douspi, X., Dupac, G., Efstathiou, T. A., Enßlin, H. K., Eriksen, F., Finelli, O., Forni, P., Fosalba, M., Fraili, E., Franceschi, S., Galeotta, K., Ganga, M., Giard, G., Giardino, Y., Giraud Héraud, J., González Nuevo, K. M., Górski, Gregorio, Anna, A., Gruppuso, F. K., Hansen, D., Harrison, S., Henrot Versillé, C., Hernández Monteagudo, D., Herranz, S. R., Hildebrandt, E., Hivon, M., Hobson, W. A., Holme, T. R., Jaffe, A. H., Jaffe, T., Jagemann, W. C., Jone, M., Juvela, E., Keihänen, T. S., Kisner, R., Kneissl, J., Knoche, L., Knox, M., Kunz, N., Kurinsky, H., Kurki Suonio, G., Lagache, A., Lähteenmäki, J. M., Lamarre, A., Lasenby, C. R., Lawrence, R., Leonardi, P. B., Lilje, M., López Caniego, J. F., Macías Pérez, D., Maino, N., Mandolesi, M., Mari, D. J., Marshall, E., Martínez González, S., Masi, M., Massardi, S., Matarrese, P., Mazzotta, A., Melchiorri, L., Mende, A., Mennella, S., Mitra, M. A., Miville Deschêne, A., Moneti, L., Montier, G., Morgante, D., Mortlock, D., Munshi, J. A., Murphy, P., Naselsky, F., Nati, P., Natoli, H. U., Nørgaard Nielsen, F., Noviello, D., Novikov, I., Novikov, S., Osborne, F., Pajot, R., Paladini, D., Paoletti, B., Partridge, F., Pasian, G., Patanchon, O., Perdereau, L., Perotto, F., Perrotta, F., Piacentini, M., Piat, E., Pierpaoli, S., Plaszczynski, E., Pointecouteau, G., Polenta, N., Ponthieu, L., Popa, T., Poutanen, G. W., Pratt, S., Prunet, J. L., Puget, J. P., Rachen, W. T., Reach, R., Rebolo, M., Reinecke, C., Renault, S., Ricciardi, T., Riller, I., Ristorcelli, G., Rocha, C., Rosset, M., Rowan Robinson, J. A., Rubiño Martín, B., Rusholme, A., Sajina, M., Sandri, G., Savini, D., Scott, G. F., Smoot, J. L., Starck, R., Sudiwala, A. S., Suur Uski, J. F., Sygnet, J. A., Tauber, L., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, M., Tomasi, M., Tristram, M., Tucci, M., Türler, L., Valenziano, B., Van Tent, P., Vielva, F., Villa, N., Vittorio, L. A., Wade, B. D., Wandelt, M., White, D., Yvon, A., Zacchei, A., Zonca, Anne Lähteenmäki Group, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, HELFA - Hélium : du fondamental aux applications, Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), and Universidad de Cantabria
Subjects: [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Astronomy, cosmology: observations, surveys, galaxies: statistics, galaxies: evolution, galaxies: star formation, galaxies: active, Astrophysics, Surveys, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Cosmology: observation, Spectral line, Luminosity, statistics [Galaxies], Radio astronomy, observations [Cosmology], Survey, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common, Physics, Cosmology: observations, Galaxies: evolution, Galaxies: active, CMB cold spot, active [galaxies], symbols, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, star formation [galaxies], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, observation [cosmology], Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Galaxies: statistics, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, education, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], symbols.namesake, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, 0103 physical sciences, survey, statistic [galaxies], Planck, evolution [galaxies], Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Luminous infrared galaxy, Galaxies: star formation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Galaxies: statistic, Spectral density, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxies, 115 Astronomy, Space science, Galaxy, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Sky
Abstract: We make use of the Planck all-sky survey to derive number counts and spectral indices of extragalactic sources-infrared and radio sources-from the Planck Early Release Compact Source Catalogue (ERCSC) at 100 to 857 GHz (3 mm to 350 μm). Three zones (deep, medium and shallow) of approximately homogeneous coverage are used to permit a clean and controlled correction for incompleteness, which was explicitly not done for the ERCSC, as it was aimed at providing lists of sources to be followed up. Our sample, prior to the 80% completeness cut, contains between 217 sources at 100 GHz and 1058 sources at 857 GHz over about 12 800 to 16 550 deg2 (31 to 40% of the sky). After the 80% completeness cut, between 122 and 452 and sources remain, with flux densities above 0.3 and 1.9 Jy at 100 and 857 GHz. The sample so defined can be used for statistical analysis. Using the multi-frequency coverage of the Planck High Frequency Instrument, all the sources have been classified as either dust-dominated (infrared galaxies) or synchrotron-dominated (radio galaxies) on the basis of their spectral energy distributions (SED). Our sample is thus complete, flux-limited and color-selected to differentiate between the two populations. We find an approximately equal number of synchrotron and dusty sources between 217 and 353 GHz; at 353 GHz or higher (or 217 GHz and lower) frequencies, the number is dominated by dusty (synchrotron) sources, as expected. For most of the sources, the spectral indices are also derived. We provide for the first time counts of bright sources from 353 to 857 GHz and the contributions from dusty and synchrotron sources at all HFI frequencies in the key spectral range where these spectra are crossing. The observed counts are in the Euclidean regime. The number counts are compared to previously published data (from earlier Planck results, Herschel, BLAST, SCUBA, LABOCA, SPT, and ACT) and models taking into account both radio or infrared galaxies, and covering a large range of flux densities. We derive the multi-frequency Euclidean level-the plateau in the normalised differential counts at high flux-density-and compare it to WMAP, Spitzer and IRAS results. The submillimetre number counts are not well reproduced by current evolution models of dusty galaxies, whereas the millimetre part appears reasonably well fitted by the most recent model for synchrotron-dominated sources. Finally we provide estimates of the local luminosity density of dusty galaxies, providing the first such measurements at 545 and 857 GHz. © 2013 ESO., The development of Planck has been supported by: ESA; CNES and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MICINN and JA (Spain); Tekes, AoF and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); and PRACE (EU).
Published: 2013

47. Planck early results. XV

Author: Aatrokoski, J., Lähteenmäki, A., Lavonen, N., León-Tavares, J., Nieppola, E., Poutanen, T., Savolainen, P., Tammi, J., Tornikoski, M., Turunen, M., Capalbi, M., Cavazzuti, E., Cutini, S., Gasparrini, D., Natoli, P., Perri, M., Polenta, G., Verrecchia, F., Giommi, P., Aller, H.D., Aller, M.F., Gehrels, N., Thompson, D.J., Bartlett, J.G., Bucher, M., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Delabrouille, J., Ganga, K., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Patanchon, G., Piat, M., Rosset, C., Smoot, G.F., Ashdown, M., Hobson, M., Lasenby, A., Stolyarov, V., Bhatia, R., Kneissl, R., Bonavera, L., Bond, J.R., Miville-Deschênes, M.-A., Banday, A.J., Bernard, J.-P., Forni, O., Giard, M., Montier, L., Pointecouteau, E., Ristorcelli, I., Doré, O., Hildebrandt, S.R., Pearson, T.J., Prézeau, G., Rocha, G., Seiffert, M.D., Challinor, A., Starck, J.-L., Yvon, D., Linden-Vørnle, Michael, Nørgaard-Nielsen, Hans Ulrik, Toffolatti, L., Burrows, D.N., Netterfield, C.B., Scott, D., Juvela, M., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kurki-Suonio, H., Cayón, L., Knox, L., Leonardi, R., Lubin, P.M., Zonca, A., Wandelt, B.D., Matarrese, S., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Monte, C., Rainò, S., Tosti, G., De Bernardis, P., Masi, S., Melchiorri, A., Piacentini, F., Bersanelli, M., Maino, D., Mennella, A., Tomasi, M., Gregorio, A., Balbi, A., Cabella, P., De Gasperis, G., Mazzotta, P., Vittorio, N., Christensen, P.R., Naselsky, P., Rebolo, R., Rubiño-Martín, J.A., Dupac, X., Mendes, L., Giardino, G., Laureijs, R.J., Tauber, J.A., Nilsson, K., Partridge, B., Umana, G., Bonaldi, A., De Zotti, G., Massardi, M., Colafrancesco, S., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Maris, M., Pasian, F., Zacchei, A., Burigana, C., Cuttaia, F., De Rosa, A., Finelli, F., Franceschi, E., Gruppuso, A., Mandolesi, N., Morgante, G., Procopio, P., Ricciardi, S., Sandri, M., Terenzi, L., Valenziano, L., Villa, F., Cappellini, B., Donzelli, S., Stivoli, F., Tramacere, A., Türler, M., Chamballu, A., Clements, D.L., Jaffe, A.H., Mortlock, D., Novikov, D., Rowan-Robinson, M., Chary, R.-R., Rusholme, B., Benoît, A., Aghanim, N., Aumont, J., Dole, H., Douspis, M., Lagache, G., Noviello, F., Pajot, F., Ponthieu, N., Puget, J.-L., Torre, J.-P., Benabed, K., Bouchet, F.R., Colombi, S., Delouis, J.-M., Hivon, E., Moneti, A., Prunet, S., Sygnet, J.-F., Riquelme, D., Sievers, A., Ungerechts, H., Chiang, L.-Y., Efstathiou, G., Gratton, S., Harrison, D., Munshi, D., Hoyland, R.J., Barreiro, R.B., Herranz, D., López-Caniego, M., Martínez-González, E., Vielva, P., Gargano, F., Mazziotta, M.N., Platania, P., Górski, K.M., Holmes, W.A., Lawrence, C.R., Mitra, S., O'Dwyer, I.J., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., Dickinson, C., Maffei, B., Wu, J., Zhou, X., Coulais, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Arnaud, M., MacÍas-Pérez, J.F., Perotto, L., Renault, C., Couchot, F., Henrot-Versillé, S., Perdereau, O., Plaszczynski, S., Tristram, M., Borrill, J., Kisner, T.S., Dörl, U., Enßlin, T.A., Hovest, W., Matthai, F., Rachen, J.P., Reinecke, M., Riller, T., Angelakis, E., Fuhrmann, L., Krichbaum, T.P., Nestoras, I., Zensus, J.A., Tuovinen, J., Varis, J., Murphy, A., Novikov, I., King, O., Max-Moerbeck, W., Pavlidou, V., Readhead, A., Reeves, R., Richards, J., Stevenson, M., Baccigalupi, C., Danese, L., González-Nuevo, J., Leach, S., Perrotta, F., Mann, R., Ade, P.A.R., Sudiwala, R., Mingaliev, M., Sotnikova, Y., Osborne, S., Berdyugin, A., Lindfors, E., Reinthal, R., Saarinen, J., Sillanpää, A., Takalo, L., Valtaoja, E., Reach, W.T., Battaner, E., Huffenberger, K.M., Michelson, P.F., APC - Cosmologie, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), HELFA - Hélium : du fondamental aux applications, Institut Néel (NEEL), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), PLANCK, Aatrokoski, J., Ade, P. A. R., Aghanim, N., Aller, H. D., Aller, M. F., Angelakis, E., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Balbi, A., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartlett, J. G., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoît, A., Berdyugin, A., Bernard, J. P., Bersanelli, M., Bhatia, R., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Burrows, D. N., Cabella, P., Capalbi, M., Cappellini, B., Cardoso, J. F., Catalano, A., Cavazzuti, E., Cayón, L., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., Chary, R. R., Chiang, L. Y, Christensen, P. R., Clements, D. L., Colafrancesco, S., Colombi, S., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Cutini, S., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R. D., Davis, R. J., de Bernardis, P., de Gasperis, G., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J. M., Dickinson, C., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Doré, O., Dörl, U., Douspis, M., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Enßlin, T. A., Finelli, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Fuhrmann, L., Galeotta, S., Ganga, K., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Giard, M., Giardino, G., Giglietto, N., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Giraud Héraud, Y., González Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, Anna, Gruppuso, A., Harrison, D., Henrot Versillé, S., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W. A., Hovest, W., Hoyland, R. J., Huffenberger, K. M., Jaffe, A. H., Juvela, M., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., King, O., Kisner, T. S., Kneissl, R., Knox, L., Krichbaum, T. P., Kurki Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lähteenmäki, A., Lamarre, J. M., Lasenby, A., Laureijs, R. J., Lavonen, N., Lawrence, C. R., Leach, S., Leonardi, R., León Tavares, J., Linden Vornle, M., Lindfors, E., López Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Macías Pérez, J. F., Maffei, B., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mann, R., Maris, M., Martínez González, E., Masi, S., Massardi, M., Matarrese, S., Matthai, F., Max Moerbeck, W., Mazziotta, M. N., Mazzotta, P., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Michelson, P. F., Mingaliev, M., Mitra, S., Miville Deschênes, M. A., Moneti, A., Monte, C., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, A., Naselsky, P., Natoli, P., Nestoras, I., Netterfield, C. B., Nieppola, E., Nilsson, K., Norgaard Nielsen, H. U., Noviello, F., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., O'Dwyer, I. J., Osborne, S., Pajot, F., Partridge, B., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Pavlidou, V., Pearson, T. J., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perri, M., Perrotta, F., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Plaszczynski, S., Platania, P., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Poutanen, T., Prézeau, G., Prunet, S., Puget, J. L., Rachen, J. P., Rainó, S., Reach, W. T., Readhead, A., Rebolo, R., Reeves, R., Reinecke, M., Reinthal, R., Renault, C., Ricciardi, S., Richards, J., Riller, T., Riquelme, D., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rowan Robinson, M., Rubino Martín, J. A., Rusholme, B., Saarinen, J., Sandri, M., Savolainen, P., Scott, D., Seiffert, M. D., Sievers, A., Sillanpää, A., Smoot, G. F., Sotnikova, Y., Starck, J. L., Stevenson, M., Stivoli, F., Stolyarov, V., Sudiwala, R., Sygnet, J. F., Takalo, L., Tammi, J., Tauber, J. A., Terenzi, L., Thompson, D. J., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Tornikoski, M., Torre, J. P., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Tristram, M., Tuovinen, J., Türler, M., Turunen, M., Umana, G., Ungerechts, H., Valenziano, L., Valtaoja, E., Varis, J., Verrecchia, F., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wandelt, B. D., Wu, J., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zensus, J. A., Zhou, X., Zonca, A., Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (NEEL - HELFA), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (HELFA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Cantabria, Anne Lähteenmäki Group, Metsähovi Radio Observatory, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Department of Physics, and Helsinki Institute of Physics
Subjects: Experimental Physics, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], quasars, active, Astrophysics, High frequency, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, law.invention, CMB physic, law, galaxies: active, BL Lacertae objects: general, quasars: general, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, CMB physics, Active, BL Lacertae objects, Galaxies, general, non-thermal, Quasars: general, Radiation mechanisms, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QB, Physics, Planck ESA mission, galaxies, bl lacertae objects: general, radiation mechanisms, bl lacertae objects, Synchrotron, symbols, [SDU.ASTR.GA]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA], galaxies: active – BL Lacertae objects: general – quasars: general – radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), active [Galaxies], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, education, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], symbols.namesake, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, active – BL Lacertae objects: general – quasars: general – radiation mechanisms: non-thermal [galaxies], 0103 physical sciences, Planck, Blazar, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, non-thermal [Radiation mechanisms], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, general [BL Lacertae objects], Spectral density, Ranging, general [Quasars], 115 Astronomy, Space science, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, [PHYS.ASTR.GA]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA], 13. Climate action, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Millimeter
Abstract: 56 páginas, 17 + 121 figuras, 6 + 4 tablas.-- Planck Collaboration: et al., Spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and radio continuum spectra are presented for a northern sample of 104 extragalactic radio sources, based on the Planck Early Release Compact Source Catalogue (ERCSC) and simultaneous multifrequency data. The nine Planck frequencies, from 30 to 857 GHz, are complemented by a set of simultaneous observations ranging from radio to gamma-rays. This is the first extensive frequency coverage in the radio and millimetre domains for an essentially complete sample of extragalactic radio sources, and it shows how the individual shocks, each in their own phase of development, shape the radio spectra as they move in the relativistic jet. The SEDs presented in this paper were fitted with second and third degree polynomials to estimate the frequencies of the synchrotron and inverse Compton (IC) peaks, and the spectral indices of low and high frequency radio data, including the Planck ERCSC data, were calculated. SED modelling methods are discussed, with an emphasis on proper, physical modelling of the synchrotron bump using multiple components. Planck ERCSC data also suggest that the original accelerated electron energy spectrum could be much harder than commonly thought, with power-law indexaround 1.5 instead of the canonical 2.5. The implications of this are discussed for the acceleration mechanisms effective in blazar shocks. Furthermore in many cases the Planck data indicate that gamma-ray emission must originate in the same shocks that produce the radio emission., The Planck Collaboration acknowledges the support of: ESA; CNES and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MICINN and JA (Spain); Tekes, AoF and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); and DEISA (EU).
Published: 2011

48. Planck early results. XVI. The Planck view of nearby galaxies

Author: Lähteenmäki, A., Poutanen, T., Natoli, P., Polenta, G., Bartlett, J.G., Bucher, M., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Delabrouille, J., Ganga, K., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Patanchon, G., Piat, M., Rosset, C., Smoot, G.F., Ashdown, M., Hobson, M., Lasenby, A., Stolyarov, V., Bhatia, R., Kneissl, R., Bond, J.R., Miville-Deschênes, M.-A., Banday, A.J., Bernard, J.-P., Forni, O., Giard, M., Montier, L., Pointecouteau, E., Ristorcelli, I., Bock, J.J., Doré, O., Helou, G., Hildebrandt, S.R., Prézeau, G., Rocha, G., Seiffert, M.D., Challinor, A., Shellard, P., Starck, J.-L., Yvon, D., Linden-Vørnle, Michael, Nørgaard-Nielsen, Hans Ulrik, Toffolatti, L., Netterfield, C.B., Scott, D., Juvela, M., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kurki-Suonio, H., Jones, W.C., Cayón, L., Knox, L., Leonardi, R., Lubin, P.M., Zonca, A., Wandelt, B.D., Matarrese, S., De Bernardis, P., Masi, S., Melchiorri, A., Piacentini, F., Bersanelli, M., Maino, D., Mennella, A., Tomasi, M., Gregorio, A., Balbi, A., Cabella, P., De Gasperis, G., Mazzotta, P., Vittorio, N., Christensen, P.R., Naselsky, P., Rebolo, R., Rubiño-Martín, J.A., Dupac, X., Mendes, L., Giardino, G., Laureijs, R.J., Tauber, J.A., Partridge, B., Umana, G., Bonaldi, A., De Zotti, G., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Maris, M., Pasian, F., Zacchei, A., Burigana, C., Cuttaia, F., De Rosa, A., Finelli, F., Franceschi, E., Gruppuso, A., Mandolesi, N., Morgante, G., Ricciardi, S., Sandri, M., Terenzi, L., Valenziano, L., Villa, F., Donzelli, S., Stivoli, F., Désert, F.-X., Türler, M., Chamballu, A., Clements, D.L., Jaffe, A.H., Mortlock, D., Novikov, D., Rowan-Robinson, M., Chary, R.-R., Rusholme, B., Benoît, A., Aghanim, N., Aumont, J., Dole, H., Douspis, M., Lagache, G., Noviello, F., Pajot, F., Ponthieu, N., Puget, J.-L., Torre, J.-P., Benabed, K., Bouchet, F.R., Colombi, S., Delouis, J.-M., Hivon, E., Moneti, A., Prunet, S., Sygnet, J.-F., Chiang, L.-Y., Efstathiou, G., Gratton, S., Harrison, D., Munshi, D., Hansen, F.K., Hoyland, R.J., Barreiro, R.B., Herranz, D., López-Caniego, M., Martínez-González, E., Vielva, P., Crill, B.P., Górski, K.M., Holmes, W.A., Lawrence, C.R., Wade, L.A., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., Dickinson, C., Maffei, B., Peel, M., MacTavish, C.J., Coulais, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Arnaud, M., Madden, S., MacÍas-Pérez, J.F., Perotto, L., Renault, C., Couchot, F., Henrot-Versillé, S., Perdereau, O., Plaszczynski, S., Tristram, M., Borrill, J., Kisner, T.S., Dörl, U., Enßlin, T.A., Hovest, W., Matthai, F., Reinecke, M., Riller, T., Tuovinen, J., Varis, J., Murphy, A., Novikov, I., Savini, G., Baccigalupi, C., Danese, L., González-Nuevo, J., Leach, S., Perrotta, F., Mann, R., Ade, P.A.R., Sudiwala, R., Osborne, S., Reach, W.T., Battaner, E., Huffenberger, K.M., Universidad de Cantabria, APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (HELFA), Institut Néel (NEEL), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANCK, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), HELFA - Hélium : du fondamental aux applications, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Department of Physics, Helsinki Institute of Physics, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (NEEL - HELFA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Experimental Physics, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Astrophysics, ism, photometry, galaxies, galaxies: ism, infrared, galaxies: photometry, submillimeter: galaxies, infrared: galaxies, submillimeter, 01 natural sciences, galaxies [Infrared], Radiative transfer, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QB, Physics, Wavelength, Galaxies: ISM, symbols, Cirrus, [SDU.ASTR.GA]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA], Infrared, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Galaxies, ISM, photometry, Submillimeter, education, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], galaxies [Submillimeter], symbols.namesake, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, ISM [Galaxies], 0103 physical sciences, Emissivity, Planck, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, ISM, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, photometry [Galaxies], Spectral density, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxies: photometry, Infrared: galaxies, 115 Astronomy, Space science, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, Galaxy, galaxies: ISM, [PHYS.ASTR.GA]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA], Submillimeter: galaxies, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
Abstract: 16 páginas, 14 figuras, 1 tabla.-- Planck Collaboration: et al., Theall-sky coverage of the Planck Early Release Compact Source Catalogue (ERCSC) provides an unsurpassed survey of galaxies at submillimetre (submm) wavelengths, representing a major improvement in the numbers of galaxies detected, as well as the range of far-IR/submm wavelengths over which they have been observed. We here present the first results on the properties of nearby galaxies using these data. We match the ERCSC catalogue to IRAS-detected galaxies in the Imperial IRAS Faint Source Redshift Catalogue (IIFSCz), so that we can measure the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of these objects from 60 to 850μm. This produces a list of 1717 galaxies with reliable associations between Planck and IRAS, from which we select a subset of 468 for SED studies, namely those with strong detections in the three highest frequency Planck bands and no evidence of cirrus contamination. The SEDs are fitted using parametric dust models to determine the range of dust temperatures and emissivities. We find evidence for colder dust than has previously been found in external galaxies, with T < 20K. Such cold temperatures are found using both the standard single temperature dust model with variable emissivity β, or a two dust temperature model with β fixed at 2. We also compare our results to studies of distant submm galaxies (SMGs) which have been claimed to contain cooler dust than their local counterparts. We find that including our sample of 468 galaxies significantly reduces the distinction between the two populations. Fits to SEDs of selected objects using more sophisticated templates derived from radiative transfer models confirm the presence of the colder dust found through parametric fitting. We thus conclude that cold (T < 20K) dust is a significant and largely unexplored component of many nearby galaxies., The Planck Collaboration acknowledges the support of: ESA; CNES and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MICINN and JA (Spain); Tekes, AoF and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); and DEISA (EU).
Published: 2011

49. Planck early results. XVII. Origin of the submillimetre excess dust emission in the Magellanic Clouds

Author: Lähteenmäki, A., Poutanen, T., Natoli, P., Polenta, G., Bartlett, J.G., Bucher, M., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Delabrouille, J., Ganga, K., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Patanchon, G., Piat, M., Rosset, C., Smoot, G.F., Ashdown, M., Hobson, M., Lasenby, A., Stolyarov, V., Bhatia, R., Kneissl, R., Bond, J.R., Miville-Deschênes, M.-A., Banday, A.J., Bernard, J.-P., Forni, O., Giard, M., Leroy, C., Montier, L., Paradis, D., Pointecouteau, E., Ristorcelli, I., Bock, J.J., Doré, O., Helou, G., Hildebrandt, S.R., Paladini, R., Prézeau, G., Rocha, G., Seiffert, M.D., Challinor, A., Starck, J.-L., Yvon, D., Linden-Vørnle, Michael, Nørgaard-Nielsen, Hans Ulrik, Toffolatti, L., Netterfield, C.B., Dobashi, K., Onishi, T., Scott, D., Juvela, M., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kurki-Suonio, H., Ysard, N., Fukui, Y., Kawamura, A., Chiang, C., Jones, W.C., Cayón, L., Knox, L., Leonardi, R., Lubin, P.M., Meinhold, P.R., Zonca, A., Wandelt, B.D., Matarrese, S., De Bernardis, P., Masi, S., Melchiorri, A., Nati, F., Piacentini, F., Bersanelli, M., Mennella, A., Tomasi, M., Gregorio, A., Balbi, A., Cabella, P., De Gasperis, G., Mazzotta, P., Vittorio, N., Christensen, P.R., Naselsky, P., Rebolo, R., Rubiño-Martín, J.A., Dupac, X., Mendes, L., Giardino, G., Laureijs, R.J., Tauber, J.A., Umana, G., Bonaldi, A., De Zotti, G., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Maris, M., Pasian, F., Zacchei, A., Burigana, C., Cuttaia, F., De Rosa, A., Finelli, F., Franceschi, E., Gruppuso, A., Mandolesi, N., Morgante, G., Ricciardi, S., Sandri, M., Terenzi, L., Valenziano, L., Villa, F., Donzelli, S., Stivoli, F., Désert, F.-X., Chamballu, A., Clements, D.L., Jaffe, A.H., Mortlock, D., Novikov, D., Rowan-Robinson, M., Rusholme, B., Benoît, A., Aghanim, N., Aumont, J., Boulanger, F., Douspis, M., Lagache, G., Noviello, F., Pajot, F., Ponthieu, N., Puget, J.-L., Torre, J.-P., Benabed, K., Bouchet, F.R., Colombi, S., Delouis, J.-M., Hivon, E., Moneti, A., Prunet, S., Sygnet, J.-F., Chiang, L.-Y., Efstathiou, G., Gratton, S., Harrison, D., Munshi, D., Hoyland, R.J., Barreiro, R.B., Herranz, D., López-Caniego, M., Martínez-González, E., Vielva, P., Crill, B.P., Górski, K.M., Holmes, W.A., Lawrence, C.R., Wade, L.A., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., Dickinson, C., Maffei, B., Wilkinson, A., MacTavish, C.J., Coulais, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Arnaud, M., Madden, S., MacÍas-Pérez, J.F., Perotto, L., Renault, C., Couchot, F., Henrot-Versillé, S., Perdereau, O., Plaszczynski, S., Tristram, M., Borrill, J., Kisner, T.S., Dörl, U., Enßlin, T.A., Hovest, W., Matthai, F., Reinecke, M., Riller, T., Tuovinen, J., Varis, J., Murphy, A., Novikov, I., Bot, C., Savini, G., Baccigalupi, C., Danese, L., González-Nuevo, J., Leach, S., Perrotta, F., Mann, R., Ade, P.A.R., Sudiwala, R., Osborne, S., Reach, W.T., Battaner, E., Huffenberger, K.M., APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (HELFA), Institut Néel (NEEL), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANCK, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (NEEL - HELFA), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Cantabria, Department of Physics, Helsinki Institute of Physics, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), HELFA - Hélium : du fondamental aux applications, Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Ade, P, Aghanim, N, Arnaud, M, Ashdown, M, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Balbi, A, Banday, A, Barreiro, R, Bartlett, J, Battaner, E, Benabed, K, Benoit, A, Bernard, J, Bersanelli, M, Bhatia, R, Bock, J, Bonaldi, A, Bond, J, Borrill, J, Bot, C, Bouchet, F, Boulanger, F, Bucher, M, Burigana, C, Cabella, P, Cardoso, J, Catalano, A, Cayon, L, Challinor, A, Chamballu, A, Chiang, L, Chiang, C, Christensen, P, Clements, D, Colombi, S, Couchot, F, Coulais, A, Crill, B, Cuttaia, F, Danese, L, Davies, R, Davis, R, De Bernardis, P, De Gasperis, G, De Rosa, A, De Zotti, G, Delabrouille, J, Delouis, J, Desert, F, Dickinson, C, Dobashi, K, Donzelli, S, Dore, O, Dorl, U, Douspis, M, Dupac, X, Efstathiou, G, Ensslin, T, Finelli, F, Forni, O, Frailis, M, Franceschi, E, Fukui, Y, Galeotta, S, Ganga, K, Giard, M, Giardino, G, Giraud-Heraud, Y, Gonzalez-Nuevo, J, Gorski, K, Gratton, S, Gregorio, A, Gruppuso, A, Harrison, D, Helou, G, Henrot-Versille, S, Herranz, D, Hildebrandt, S, Hivon, E, Hobson, M, Holmes, W, Hovest, W, Hoyland, R, Huffenberger, K, Jaffe, A, Jones, W, Juvela, M, Kawamura, A, Keihanen, E, Keskitalo, R, Kisner, T, Kneissl, R, Knox, L, Kurki-Suonio, H, Lagache, G, Lahteenmaki, A, Lamarre, J, Lasenby, A, Laureijs, R, Lawrence, C, Leach, S, Leonardi, R, Leroy, C, Linden-Vornle, M, Lopez-Caniego, M, Lubin, P, MacIas-Perez, J, Mactavish, C, Madden, S, Maffei, B, Mandolesi, N, Mann, R, Maris, M, Martinez-Gonzalez, E, Masi, S, Matarrese, S, Matthai, F, Mazzotta, P, Meinhold, P, Melchiorri, A, Mendes, L, Mennella, A, Miville-Deschenes, M, Moneti, A, Montier, L, Morgante, G, Mortlock, D, Munshi, D, Murphy, A, Naselsky, P, Nati, F, Natoli, P, Netterfield, C, Norgaard-Nielsen, H, Noviello, F, Novikov, D, Novikov, I, Onishi, T, Osborne, S, Pajot, F, Paladini, R, Paradis, D, Pasian, F, Patanchon, G, Perdereau, O, Perotto, L, Perrotta, F, Piacentini, F, Piat, M, Plaszczynski, S, Pointecouteau, E, Polenta, G, Ponthieu, N, Poutanen, T, Prezeau, G, Prunet, S, Puget, J, Reach, W, Rebolo, R, Reinecke, M, Renault, C, Ricciardi, S, Riller, T, Ristorcelli, I, Rocha, G, Rosset, C, Rowan-Robinson, M, Rubino-Martin, J, Rusholme, B, Sandri, M, Savini, G, Scott, D, Seiffert, M, Smoot, G, Starck, J, Stivoli, F, Stolyarov, V, Sudiwala, R, Sygnet, J, Tauber, J, Terenzi, L, Toffolatti, L, Tomasi, M, Torre, J, Tristram, M, Tuovinen, J, Umana, G, Valenziano, L, Varis, J, Vielva, P, Villa, F, Vittorio, N, Wade, L, Wandelt, B, Wilkinson, A, Ysard, N, Yvon, D, Zacchei, A, and Zonca, A
Subjects: Experimental Physics, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Cosmic microwave background, Magellanic Cloud, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, galaxies [Infrared], galaxies, Magellanic Clouds, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, submillimeter, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Optical depth, QB, Physics, Spectral index, Spinning dust, extinction, Dust, Galaxies, Infrared, ISM, structure, Submillimeter, Galaxies: ISM, infrared, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Milky Way, ISM: structure, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, education, ism, dust, galaxies: ism, infrared: galaxies, submillimeter: galaxies, magellanic clouds, ism: structure, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], galaxies [Submillimeter], Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, 0103 physical sciences, ISM [Galaxies], Magellanic clouds, Dust, extinction, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Molecular cloud, galaxie, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Infrared: galaxies, 115 Astronomy, Space science, Galaxy, Submillimeter: galaxies, Space and Planetary Science, dust, extinction, galaxies: ISM, Small Magellanic Cloud, structure [ISM]
Abstract: 17 páginas, 14 figuras, 3 tablas.-- Planck Collaboration: et al., The integrated spectral energy distributions (SED) of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) appear significantly flatter than expected from dust models based on their far-infrared and radio emission. The still unexplained origin of this millimetre excess is investigated here using the Planck data. The integrated SED of the two galaxies before subtraction of the foreground (Milky Way) and background (CMB fluctuations) emission are in good agreement with previous determinations, confirming the presence of the millimetre excess. In the context of this preliminary analysis we do not propose a full multi-component fitting of the data, but instead subtract contributions unrelated to the galaxies and to dust emission. The background CMB contribution is subtracted using an internal linear combination (ILC) method performed locally around the galaxies. The foreground emission from the Milky Way is subtracted as a Galactic Hi template, and the dust emissivity is derived in a region surrounding the two galaxies and dominated by Milky Way emission. After subtraction, the remaining emission of both galaxies correlates closely with the atomic and molecular gas emission of the LMC and SMC. The millimetre excess in the LMC can be explained by CMB fluctuations, but a significant excess is still present in the SMC SED. The Planck and IRAS–IRIS data at 100 μm are combined to produce thermal dust temperature and optical depth maps of the two galaxies. The LMC temperature map shows the presence of a warm inner arm already found with the Spitzer data, but which also shows the existence of a previously unidentified cold outer arm. Several cold regions are found along this arm, some of which are associated with known molecular clouds. The dust optical depth maps are used to constrain the thermal dust emissivity power-law index (β). The average spectral index is found to be consistent with β = 1.5 and β = 1.2 below 500μm for the LMC and SMC respectively, significantly flatter than the values observed in the Milky Way. Also, there is evidence in the SMC of a further flattening of the SED in the sub-mm, unlike for the LMC where the SED remains consistent with β = 1.5. The spatial distribution of the millimetre dustexcess in the SMC follows the gas and thermal dust distribution. Different models are explored in order to fit the dust emission in the SMC. It is concluded that the millimetre excess is unlikely to be caused by very cold dust emission and that it could be due to a combination of spinning dust emission and thermal dust emission by more amorphous dust grains than those present in our Galaxy.
Published: 2011

50. Planck early results. XXIII. The first all-sky survey of Galactic cold clumps

Author: Poutanen, T., Natoli, P., Polenta, G., Bartlett, J.G., Bucher, M., Cardoso, J.-F., Catalano, A., Delabrouille, J., Ganga, K., Giraud-Héraud, Y., Patanchon, G., Piat, M., Rosset, C., Smoot, G.F., Ashdown, M., Hobson, M., Lasenby, A., Stolyarov, V., Bhatia, R., Kneissl, R., Bond, J.R., Martin, P., Miville-Deschênes, M.-A., Banday, A.J., Bernard, J.-P., Forni, O., Giard, M., Leroy, C., Marshall, D.J., Montier, L., Pointecouteau, E., Ristorcelli, I., Bock, J.J., Doré, O., Helou, G., Hildebrandt, S.R., Paladini, R., Pearson, T.J., Prézeau, G., Rocha, G., Seiffert, M.D., Challinor, A., Starck, J.-L., Yvon, D., Linden-Vørnle, Michael, Nørgaard-Nielsen, Hans Ulrik, Joncas, G., Toffolatti, L., Netterfield, C.B., Dobashi, K., Scott, D., Juvela, M., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kurki-Suonio, H., Ysard, N., Jones, W.C., Cayón, L., Knox, L., Leonardi, R., Lubin, P.M., Zonca, A., Wandelt, B.D., Matarrese, S., De Bernardis, P., Masi, S., Melchiorri, A., Nati, F., Piacentini, F., Bersanelli, M., Mennella, A., Tomasi, M., Gregorio, A., Balbi, A., Cabella, P., De Gasperis, G., Mazzotta, P., Vittorio, N., Christensen, P.R., Naselsky, P., Rebolo, R., Rubiño-Martín, J.A., Marton, G., Toth, V., Zahorecz, S., Dupac, X., Mendes, L., Giardino, G., Laureijs, R.J., Tauber, J.A., Umana, G., Bonaldi, A., De Zotti, G., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Maris, M., Pasian, F., Zacchei, A., Burigana, C., Cuttaia, F., De Rosa, A., Finelli, F., Franceschi, E., Gruppuso, A., Mandolesi, N., Morgante, G., Ricciardi, S., Sandri, M., Terenzi, L., Valenziano, L., Villa, F., Donzelli, S., Stivoli, F., Désert, F.-X., Chamballu, A., Clements, D.L., Jaffe, A.H., Mortlock, D., Novikov, D., Rowan-Robinson, M., Chary, R.-R., McGehee, P., Pelkonen, V.-M., Rusholme, B., Benoît, A., Aghanim, N., Aumont, J., Boulanger, F., Douspis, M., Lagache, G., Noviello, F., Pajot, F., Ponthieu, N., Puget, J.-L., Torre, J.-P., Benabed, K., Bouchet, F.R., Colombi, S., Delouis, J.-M., Hivon, E., Moneti, A., Prunet, S., Sygnet, J.-F., Chiang, L.-Y., Efstathiou, G., Gratton, S., Harrison, D., Munshi, D., Hansen, F.K., Hoyland, R.J., Barreiro, R.B., Herranz, D., López-Caniego, M., Martínez-González, E., Vielva, P., Crill, B.P., Górski, K.M., Holmes, W.A., Lawrence, C.R., Mitra, S., Wade, L.A., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., Dickinson, C., Maffei, B., MacTavish, C.J., Coulais, A., Falgarone, E., Lamarre, J.-M., Arnaud, M., MacÍas-Pérez, J.F., Perotto, L., Renault, C., Santos, D., Couchot, F., Henrot-Versillé, S., Perdereau, O., Plaszczynski, S., Tristram, M., Borrill, J., Cantalupo, C.M., Kisner, T.S., Dörl, U., Enßlin, T.A., Hovest, W., Matthai, F., Reinecke, M., Riller, T., Tuovinen, J., Murphy, A., Novikov, I., Savini, G., Baccigalupi, C., Danese, L., González-Nuevo, J., Leach, S., Perrotta, F., Mann, R., Ade, P.A.R., Sudiwala, R., Osborne, S., Reach, W.T., Battaner, E., Huffenberger, K.M., Universidad de Cantabria, P. A. R., Ade, N., Aghanim, M., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, J., Aumont, C., Baccigalupi, A., Balbi, A. J., Banday, R. B., Barreiro, J. G., Bartlett, E., Battaner, K., Benabed, A., Benoît, J. P., Bernard, M., Bersanelli, R., Bhatia, J. J., Bock, A., Bonaldi, J. R., Bond, J., Borrill, F. R., Bouchet, F., Boulanger, M., Bucher, C., Burigana, P., Cabella, C. M., Cantalupo, J. F., Cardoso, A., Catalano, L., Cayón, A., Challinor, A., Chamballu, R. R., Chary, L. Y., Chiang, P. R., Christensen, D. L., Clement, S., Colombi, F., Couchot, A., Coulai, B. P., Crill, F., Cuttaia, L., Danese, R. D., Davie, R. J., Davi, P., de Bernardi, G., de Gasperi, A., de Rosa, G., de Zotti, J., Delabrouille, J. M., Deloui, F. X., Désert, C., Dickinson, K., Dobashi, S., Donzelli, O., Doré, U., Dörl, M., Douspi, X., Dupac, G., Efstathiou, T. A., Enßlin, E., Falgarone, F., Finelli, O., Forni, M., Fraili, E., Franceschi, S., Galeotta, K., Ganga, M., Giard, G., Giardino, Y., Giraud Héraud, J., González Nuevo, K. M., Górski, S., Gratton, Gregorio, Anna, A., Gruppuso, F. K., Hansen, D., Harrison, G., Helou, S., Henrot Versillé, D., Herranz, S. R., Hildebrandt, E., Hivon, M., Hobson, W. A., Holme, W., Hovest, R. J., Hoyland, K. M., Huffenberger, A. H., Jaffe, G., Jonca, W. C., Jone, M., Juvela, E., Keihänen, R., Keskitalo, T. S., Kisner, R., Kneissl, L., Knox, H., Kurki Suonio, G., Lagache, J. M., Lamarre, A., Lasenby, R. J., Laureij, C. R., Lawrence, S., Leach, R., Leonardi, C., Leroy, M., Linden Vørnle, M., López Caniego, P. M., Lubin, J. F., Macías Pérez, C. J., Mactavish, B., Maffei, N., Mandolesi, R., Mann, M., Mari, D. J., Marshall, P., Martin, E., Martínez González, G., Marton, S., Masi, S., Matarrese, F., Matthai, P., Mazzotta, P., Mcgehee, A., Melchiorri, L., Mende, A., Mennella, S., Mitra, M. A., Miville Deschêne, A., Moneti, L., Montier, G., Morgante, D., Mortlock, D., Munshi, A., Murphy, P., Naselsky, F., Nati, P., Natoli, C. B., Netterfield, H. U., Nørgaard Nielsen, F., Noviello, D., Novikov, I., Novikov, S., Osborne, F., Pajot, R., Paladini, F., Pasian, G., Patanchon, T. J., Pearson, V. M., Pelkonen, O., Perdereau, L., Perotto, F., Perrotta, F., Piacentini, M., Piat, S., Plaszczynski, E., Pointecouteau, G., Polenta, N., Ponthieu, T., Poutanen, G., Prézeau, S., Prunet, J. L., Puget, W. T., Reach, R., Rebolo, M., Reinecke, C., Renault, S., Ricciardi, T., Riller, I., Ristorcelli, G., Rocha, C., Rosset, M., Rowan Robinson, J. A., Rubiño Martín, B., Rusholme, M., Sandri, D., Santo, G., Savini, D., Scott, M. D., Seiffert, G. F., Smoot, J. L., Starck, F., Stivoli, V., Stolyarov, R., Sudiwala, J. F., Sygnet, J. A., Tauber, L., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, M., Tomasi, J. P., Torre, V., Toth, M., Tristram, J., Tuovinen, G., Umana, L., Valenziano, P., Vielva, F., Villa, N., Vittorio, L. A., Wade, B. D., Wandelt, N., Ysard, D., Yvon, A., Zacchei, S., Zahorecz, A., Zonca, APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (HELFA), Institut Néel (NEEL), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire Traitement et Communication de l'Information (LTCI), Télécom ParisTech-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANCK, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), HELFA - Hélium : du fondamental aux applications, Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Ade, P, Aghanim, N, Arnaud, M, Ashdown, M, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Balbi, A, Banday, A, Barreiro, R, Bartlett, J, Battaner, E, Benabed, K, Benoit, A, Bernard, J, Bersanelli, M, Bhatia, R, Bock, J, Bonaldi, A, Bond, J, Borrill, J, Bouchet, F, Boulanger, F, Bucher, M, Burigana, C, Cabella, P, Cantalupo, C, Cardoso, J, Catalano, A, Cayon, L, Challinor, A, Chamballu, A, Chary, R, Chiang, L, Christensen, P, Clements, D, Colombi, S, Couchot, F, Coulais, A, Crill, B, Cuttaia, F, Danese, L, Davies, R, Davis, R, De Bernardis, P, De Gasperis, G, De Rosa, A, De Zotti, G, Delabrouille, J, Delouis, J, Desert, F, Dickinson, C, Dobashi, K, Donzelli, S, Dore, O, Dorl, U, Douspis, M, Dupac, X, Efstathiou, G, Ensslin, T, Falgarone, E, Finelli, F, Forni, O, Frailis, M, Franceschi, E, Galeotta, S, Ganga, K, Giard, M, Giardino, G, Giraud-Heraud, Y, Gonzalez-Nuevo, J, Gorski, K, Gratton, S, Gregorio, A, Gruppuso, A, Hansen, F, Harrison, D, Helou, G, Henrot-Versille, S, Herranz, D, Hildebrandt, S, Hivon, E, Hobson, M, Holmes, W, Hovest, W, Hoyland, R, Huffenberger, K, Jaffe, A, Joncas, G, Jones, W, Juvela, M, Keihanen, E, Keskitalo, R, Kisner, T, Kneissl, R, Knox, L, Kurki-Suonio, H, Lagache, G, Lamarre, J, Lasenby, A, Laureijs, R, Lawrence, C, Leach, S, Leonardi, R, Leroy, C, Linden-Vornle, M, Lopez-Caniego, M, Lubin, P, MacIas-Perez, J, Mactavish, C, Maffei, B, Mandolesi, N, Mann, R, Maris, M, Marshall, D, Martin, P, Martinez-Gonzalez, E, Marton, G, Masi, S, Matarrese, S, Matthai, F, Mazzotta, P, Mcgehee, P, Melchiorri, A, Mendes, L, Mennella, A, Mitra, S, Miville-Deschenes, M, Moneti, A, Montier, L, Morgante, G, Mortlock, D, Munshi, D, Murphy, A, Naselsky, P, Nati, F, Natoli, P, Netterfield, C, Norgaard-Nielsen, H, Noviello, F, Novikov, D, Novikov, I, Osborne, S, Pajot, F, Paladini, R, Pasian, F, Patanchon, G, Pearson, T, Pelkonen, V, Perdereau, O, Perotto, L, Perrotta, F, Piacentini, F, Piat, M, Plaszczynski, S, Pointecouteau, E, Polenta, G, Ponthieu, N, Poutanen, T, Prezeau, G, Prunet, S, Puget, J, Reach, W, Rebolo, R, Reinecke, M, Renault, C, Ricciardi, S, Riller, T, Ristorcelli, I, Rocha, G, Rosset, C, Rowan-Robinson, M, Rubino-Martin, J, Rusholme, B, Sandri, M, Santos, D, Savini, G, Scott, D, Seiffert, M, Smoot, G, Starck, J, Stivoli, F, Stolyarov, V, Sudiwala, R, Sygnet, J, Tauber, J, Terenzi, L, Toffolatti, L, Tomasi, M, Torre, J, Toth, V, Tristram, M, Tuovinen, J, Umana, G, Valenziano, L, Vielva, P, Villa, F, Vittorio, N, Wade, L, Wandelt, B, Ysard, N, Yvon, D, Zacchei, A, Zahorecz, S, Zonca, A, Department of Physics, and Helsinki Institute of Physics
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Experimental Physics, cloud [ISM], Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, ISM: clouds, ISM [submillimetre], Submillimetre: ISM, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common, QB, Physics, education.field_of_study, Solar mass, Spectral index, general [ISM], extinction, stars: formation, dust, submillimetre: ISM, ISM: general, catalogs, symbols, Catalog, [SDU.ASTR.GA]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA], clouds [ISM], media_common.quotation_subject, Stars: formation, Population, education, dust, extinction, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Spatial distribution, Dust, ism: general, submillimetre: ism, ism: clouds, symbols.namesake, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, ISM: cloud, 0103 physical sciences, Planck, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Dust, extinction, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, formation [stars], Molecular cloud, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galactic plane, 115 Astronomy, Space science, Catalogues, [PHYS.ASTR.GA]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA], 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Catalogs
Abstract: 33 páginas, 24 figuras, 9 tablas.-- Planck Collaboration: et al., We present the statistical properties of the Cold Clump Catalogue of Planck Objects (C3PO), the first all-sky catalogue of cold objects, in terms of their spatial distribution, dust temperature, distance, mass, and morphology. We have combined Planck and IRAS data to extract 10342 cold sources that stand out against a warmer environment. The sources are distributed over the whole sky, including in the Galactic plane, despite the confusion, and up to high latitudes (>30°). We find a strong spatial correlation of these sources with ancillary data tracing Galactic molecular structures and infrared dark clouds where the latter have been catalogued. These cold clumps are not isolated but clustered in groups. Dust temperature and emissivity spectral index values are derived from their spectral energy distributions using both Planck and IRAS data. The temperatures range from 7K to 19K, with a distribution peaking around 13K. The data are inconsistent with a constant value of the associated spectral index β over the whole temperature range: β varies from 1.4 to 2.8, with a mean value around 2.1. Distances are obtained for approximately one third of the objects. Most of the detections lie within 2kpc of the Sun, but more distant sources are also detected, out to 7kpc. The mass estimates inferred from dust emission range from 0.4 M⊙ to 2.4 × 105 M⊙. Their physical properties show that these cold sources trace a broad range of objects, from low-mass dense cores to giant molecular clouds, hence the “cold clump” terminology. This first statistical analysis of the C3PO reveals at least two colder populations of special interest with temperatures in the range 7 to 12K: cores that mostly lie close to the Sun; and massive cold clumps located in the inner Galaxy. We also describe the statistics of the early cold core (ECC) sample that is a subset of the C3PO, containing only the 915 most reliable detections. The ECC is delivered as a part of the Planck Early Release Compact Source Catalogue (ERCSC).
Published: 2011

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295 results on '"Enßlin, T.A."'

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