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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to determine the Turkish validity and reliability of COVERS. METHODS: This study was conducted on 41 newborns as methodological design. The scales, such as newborn information form, COVERS, preterm infant pain profile (PIPP), and neonatal infant pain scale (NIPS), were used in the study. Validity (e.g., language, content concurrent, and construct) and internal consistency and inter-rater reliability of the scale were conducted. RESULTS: It was found that COVERS showed a high correlation with PIPP and NIPS, and the item-total correlation of COVERS was above 0.30 during and after heel lance procedure. The Cronbach’s α values were 0.77 and 0.83 during and after heel lance procedure, respectively. The kappa values of the items of COVERS were between 0.38 and 0.78 during heel lance procedure. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded in this study that there was a moderate correlation in intraclass correlation coefficients for scores of COVERS during both diaper change and heel lance procedures. It has been concluded that the scale is valid and reliable in 27-week-old and older newborns.

Objective This study aimed to assess whether cord blood carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels in jaundiced term neonates with and without a positive direct Coombs test (DCT) and in healthy controls could be used as a predictor of severe hyperbilirubinemia. The percentage of cord blood COHb should be higher among neonates with Coombs-positive ABO hemolytic disease than among those with Coombs-negative ABO incompatibility and higher than that of ABO-compatible control neonates. Study Design This cross-sectional descriptive study of 198 term neonates comprised three subgroups: group I featured 68 DCT-positive ABO-incompatible neonates (ABO + DCT), group II featured 60 DCT-negative ABO-incompatible neonates with hyperbilirubinemia (ABO–DCT), and group III featured 70 healthy controls. COHb was determined by an OSM3 hemoximeter. Results Group I differed from groups II and III for cord blood bilirubin, cord blood hemoglobin, and cord blood hematocrit. Groups I and II had higher mean total serum bilirubin (TSB) levels than group III, while there was no difference in the mean TSB levels between groups I and II. There was no significant difference between the COHb group means for groups I, II, and III (p = 0.98). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve calculated for group I/group III and group II/group III were found to be 0.62 and 0.54, respectively. Conclusion COHb levels did not prove to be superior to the DCT for predicting the risk of developing severe hyperbilirubinemia in term neonates. Key Points

It was aimed to determine the presence of early-onset sepsis in newborns born through meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) and to investigate the changes of blood parameters in these neonates.This cross-sectional observational study was performed with neonates born MSAF were divided into two groups as C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) positive and negative group.A total of 3,096 neonates enrolled in this study, and of these 272 with MSAF (8.7%), 76 (27.9%) with neonates were Group I and 196 (72.1%) neonates were Group II. Group I had significantly higher CRP and PCT values and monocyte values significantly lower than Group II, but there were no statistically significant differences between other investigated blood count parameters. There was no association between the platelet, mean platelet volume (MPV), plateletcrit, platelet distribution width, neutrphil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and sepsis in neonates born MSAF. The following areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve were found, respectively: MPV was 0.49 (0.36-0.55), NLR was 0.54 (0.48-0.60), PLR was 0.53 (0.47-0.59), and MLR was 0.54 (0.48-0.60).MSAF might be a risk factor for early-onset sepsis in neonates. However, MPV, NLR, PLR, and MLR values cannot be helpful for the detection of suspected or proven early-onset neonatal sepsis in born MSAF neonates.· MSAF might be as a risk factor for EOS in neonates.. · CRP and procalcitonin values may help to be determined at EOS in asymtomatic neonates with MSAF.. · MPV, NLR, PLR, andMLR values do not seemto behelpful for the early detection of sepsis inmeconium-stained term neonates..

Objective To assess the association between fetal malnutrition (FM) and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in singleton term appropriate for gestational age (AGA) neonates. Methods This cross-sectional observational study was performed with 4340 singleton, term AGA neonates without perinatal disease over a two-year period. Results A total of 4320 neonates were evaluated in this study. Those diagnosed with fetal malnutrition, 284 (6%) neonates, were compared with 150 healthy term AGA neonates. Gestational week, birth weight, birth height, head circumference, maternal age, last pregnancy weight, and status of income of the FM group were found to be lower when compared to the control group (P = 0.011). Low last pregnancy weight (P = 0.017) and low level of income (P = 0.042) were found to be factors that affect the presence of FM. The NLR and PLR were found to be significantly higher in the FM group compared with term AGA healthy controls. In correlation analyses, there was a negative correlation between the NLR and PLR with fetal nutritional status (P = 0.011 and P Conclusion Cord-blood NLR and PLR negatively correlate with term FM AGA neonates.

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) primarily affects adults and spares children, whereas very little is known about neonates. We tried to define the clinical characteristics, risk factors, laboratory, and imagining results of neonates with community-acquired COVID-19. METHODS: This prospective multicentered cohort study included 24 neonatal intensive care units around Turkey, wherein outpatient neonates with COVID-19 were registered in an online national database. Full-term and premature neonates diagnosed with COVID-19 were included in the study, whether hospitalized or followed up as ambulatory patients. Neonates without severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) via reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction testing or whose mothers had been diagnosed with COVID-19 during pregnancy were excluded. RESULTS: Thirty-seven symptomatic neonates were included. The most frequent findings were fever, hypoxemia, and cough (49%, 41%, 27%, respectively). Oxygen administration (41%) and noninvasive ventilation (16%) were frequently required; however, mechanical ventilation (3%) was rarely needed. Median hospitalization was 11 days (1-35 days). One patient with Down syndrome and congenital cardiovascular disorders died in the study period. C-reactive protein (CRP) and prothrombin time (PT) levels were found to be higher in patients who needed supplemental oxygen (0.9 [0.1-8.6] vs. 5.8 [0.3-69.2] p = 0.002, 11.9 [10.1-17.2] vs. 15.2 [11.7-18.0] p = 0.01, respectively) or who were severe/critical (1.0 [0.01-8.6] vs. 4.5 [0.1-69.2] p = 0.01, 11.7 [10.1-13.9] vs. 15.0 [11.7-18.0] p = 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Symptomatic neonates with COVID-19 had high rates of respiratory support requirements. High CRP levels or a greater PT should alert the physician to more severe disease.

Background Thrombocytopenia has recently become a significant problem in patients admitted to neonatal intensive care unit. In this population it draws attantion to cases of acquired thrombocytopenia. Materiel and methods 588 infants, who admitted to NICU between 2013-2014, enrolled in the study and they were diveded into three groups according to their platelet levels; mild (100-150x10⁹/mm3), modarate (50-99x10⁹/mm3) and severe (

Objective:To compare the results of pulse oximetry screening for critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) in newborn infants performed at 24 h following.Method:Measurements were taken for each group at 24 h following birth. Echocardiography was performed if the SpO2 readings remained abnormal results.Results:A total of 4518 newborns were included in this prospective descriptive study. Of these, 2484 (60.3%) were delivered vaginally and 1685 (39.7%) by cesarean section. Median time points of the screening were 25.4 (25.3–25.5) vs. 17.3 (12.2–22.4) hours after birth. In 4109 infants screened 24 h after birth, the mean pre- and postductal oxygen saturations (SpO2) were 96.5±1.99 and 97.7±1.98, while 127 infants screened within 24 h of mean preductal and postductal SpO2 were 91.33±2.64 and 94.0±4.44. No CCHD was detected during the study period. Pulse oximetry screening was false positive for CCHD in 9 of 4109 infants (0.02%); of these, six infants were referred to pediatric cardiology and three cases were diagnosed as other significant, non-cardiac pathology. There were two cases with AVSD (atrioventricular septal defect, three cases with ventricular septal defect (VSD), and one case with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).Conclusions:Saturation values are different between 24-h neonates in pulse oximetry screening. The screening in this study identified infants with other important pathologies, this forms an added value as an assessment tool for newborn infants.

Objective: The aim was to the evaluate Turkish and refugee newborns’ characteristics and analyze the results. Material and Method: All Turkish and refugee neonates born and followed in University of Health Sciences, Baðcýlar Training and Research Hospital’s neonatal monitoring unit between November 2015 and October 2016 were included to the study. Results: A total of 3109 neonates were included in the study. 62.5% (n=1303) of the Turkish newborns and 55% (n=559) of the refugee newborns were female (p=0.0001). Spontaneous vaginal delivery percentage was 58.3% (n=1213) in Turkish newborns and 57.7% (n=591) in refugees (p=0.001). Neonatal intensive care unit admission rates of refugee newborns were found significantly higher (8.8%) than Turkish neonates (p=0.004). There were no significant differences in birth weights, heights, head circumferences, gestational weeks and cord blood gas analysis and critical congenital heart diseases screening results were similar between the groups. Refugee mother’s antenatal follow-up rates (38.4%) were lower than Turkish mothers (73.8%) (p

Congenital penile lymph edema is a rare anomaly of unknown cause of the lymphatic vessels. Lymphedema is often the shortage of lymphatic collecting ducts, lymphatic hypoplasia, hyperplasia, as a result of aphasia or lymph node fibrosis associated with the pathological development of lymphatic vessels. Lymphedema is generally a permanent condition and surgical treatment is necessary. Here we present the case of a newborn at 26 weeks via caesarean section with congenital penile edema, and no detection of chromosomal anomalies.

Beken, Serdar/0000-0002-8609-2684; BAS, AHMET YAGMUR/0000-0002-1329-2167; Bulbul, Ali/0000-0002-3510-3056; Karatekin, Guner/0000-0001-7112-0323, WOS: 000534242500056, PubMed: 31851725, Objective To investigate the early neonatal outcomes of very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants discharged home from neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in Turkey. Material and methods A prospective cohort study was performed between April 1, 2016 and April 30, 2017. the study included VLBW infants admitted to level III NICUs. Perinatal and neonatal data of all infants born with a birth weight of.1500 g were collected for infants who survived. Results Data from 69 NICUs were obtained. the mean birth weight and gestational age were 1137 +/- 245 g and 29 +/- 2.4 weeks, respectively. During the study period, 78% of VLBW infants survived to discharge and 48% of survived infants had no major neonatal morbidity. VLBW infants who survived were evaluated in terms of major morbidities: bronchopulmonary dysplasia was detected in 23.7% of infants, necrotizing enterocolitis in 9.1%, blood culture proven late-onset sepsis (LOS) in 21.1%, blood culture negative LOS in 21.3%, severe intraventricular hemorrhage in 5.4% and severe retinopathy of prematurity in 11.1%. Hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus was diagnosed in 24.8% of infants. Antenatal steroids were administered to 42.9% of mothers. Conclusion the present investigation is the first multicenter study to include epidemiological information on VLBW infants in Turkey. Morbidity rate in VLBW infants is a serious concern and higher than those in developed countries. Implementation of oxygen therapy with appropriate monitoring, better antenatal and neonatal care and control of sepsis may reduce the prevalence of neonatal morbidities. Therefore, monitoring standards of neonatal care and implementing quality improvement projects across the country are essential for improving neonatal outcomes in Turkish NICUs., Turkish Neonatal Society [2-2016]; Turkish Neonatal Society, This study was supported by the Turkish Neonatal Society, http://www.neonatology.org.tr, number 2-2016, received by AYB. Turkish Neonatal Society funded the study's online registry system. the funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

Ibuprofen is often used as an alternative for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) management in preterm infants. The reported side effects are fewer than those of indomethacin. Spontaneous intestinal perforation differs from necrotizing enterocolitis, presents an early clinical picture and usually occurs after corticosteroid treatment in preterm infants. We present a case of a preterm neonate with spontaneous intestinal perforation induced by oral ibuprofen treatment for PDA.

Thrombocytopenia absent radius (TAR) syndrome is a rare genetic anomaly presenting with bilateral radial aplasia and thrombocytopenia. Pathophysiology is not fully understood. Patients may need to receive thrombocyte transfusions for better neurological outcome and frequent follow-up may prevent serious complications such as intracranial hemorrhage. Here we report a one-day-old late preterm neonate diagnosed with TAR syndrome by clinical and laboratory data, and confirmed by genetic studies.

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between neonate early-onset sepsis (EOS) and the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) of term neonates. Materials and methods This prospective observational study was conducted with term neonates diagnosed with EOS compared with 44 healthy controls. Exclusion criteria were prematurity, postmaturity, small or large for gestational age according to week of pregnancy, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, chorioamnionitis, congenital major anomalies, and cyanotic congenital heart disease. Results A total of 122 term neonates were included in the study. Of these, 78 were diagnosed with EOS and 44 were healthy controls. Tachycardia and apnea with bradycardia were the most common clinical signs of the onset of EOS in neonates in the EOS group. This group had significantly higher neutrophil counts, axillary temperatures, NLRs, PLRs, C-reactive proteins, and procalcitonin levels compared with the control group. There was a positive association between neutrophil counts, NLR, and PLR in the EOS group. An NLR of 6.76 was determined as the predictive cutoff value of neonate EOS (sensitivity 97.4%; specificity 100%; area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve 0.99; P=0.001). A PLR of 94.05 was determined as the predictive cutoff value of neonate EOS (sensitivity 97.4; specificity 100%; area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve 0.93; P=0.001). Conclusions NLRs and PLRs were positively correlated with EOS in term neonates, and these ratios can be used as diagnostic adjunct tests for neonate EOS workups.

To compare different support therapies in very low birth-weight preterm neonates with nosocomial sepsis.This clinical pilot study was conducted at the Bagcilar Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey, from September 2015 to November 2016. Preterm infants appropriately sized for a gestational age of32 weeks and1,500g were included in the study. Pentaglobin was initiated on the day of diagnosis of nosocomial sepsis to very low birth-weight preterm neonates as a support therapy in addition to antibiotics: 5 ml/kg per day of pentaglobin was infused over a four-hour period on three consecutive days. Pentoxifylline (5 mg/kg every 6 hours) was administered to premature infants with sepsis on three successive days.Of the 41 neonates, 19(46.3%) were girls and 22(53.7%) were boys. Vital signs, haematologic tables, peripheral blood smear left shift ratio, and blood-gas parameters did not differ significantly between the groups (p0.05), but the C-reactive protein (mg/dl) values significantly decreased after pentoxifylline treatment (p0.05). Coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most frequently isolated bacteria in the two groups (n=4; 19% vs. n=4; 20%). There was no difference in isolated microorganisms. There was no significant difference in intraventricular haemorrhage, necrotising enterocolitis, periventricular leukomalacia or symptomatic patent ductus arteriosus in the neonates when comparing the two groups and no systemic reactions were observed during adjuvant therapy in the preterm neonates (p0.05). The total duration of hospitalisation was 49.46±13.52 days for the pentaglobin group and 44.21±11.1 days for the pentoxifylline group neonates.Pentoxifylline treatment for nosocomial sepsis decreased C-reactive protein levels and heart rate more than pentaglobin therapy.

Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is a neonatal emergency. As the T-cell receptor excision circles (TREC) test is not cost effective for neonatal screening of SCID in developing countries, this pilot study's objective aimed at identifying preliminary data to enable SCID identification in the general population.This observational study was performed in Bagcılar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. Cord-blood complete blood count (CBC) was recorded in all neonates included in the study. Absolute lymphopenia was considered in cord-blood samples if the absolute lymphocyte count was less than 2500/mmA total of 2945 term neonates were included in the study. Absolute lymphopenia was found in nine (0.3%) neonates, while 2936 (99.7%) had an absolute lymphocytic count above 2.5 × 10Absolute lymphopenia detected using CBC analysis is a simple, easier, more non-invasive, and cheaper method than the TREC method for detection of SCID neonates, and this method may prove to be a useful alternative, especially in developing countries.

To determine the frequency of the MEFV gene mutations in pediatric patients diagnosed with HSP and to assess the effect of the MEFV gene mutations on their prognosis. Material and Methods. Ccross-sectional study; pediatric patients between 2-11 years diagnosed with HSP were included. These cases were investigated for 6 MEFV gene mutations (M694V, M680I, A744S, R202Q, K695R, E148Q).Eighty cases were included in the study of which 55% were male (n= 44). The mean age was 6.44 ± 2.52 years. Disease recurrence occurred in 9 patients, invagination in 5 patients and convulsion in 1 patient during follow-up. Approximately half of the patients received steroids. The MEFV gene mutations was not detected in 44 (55%) of the patients. There was a heterozygous mutation in 19 (22%). E148Q was found in 8 patients, M694V in 5 patients, A744S in 4 patients, and the R202Q heterozygous mutation in 2 patients. The M608I homozygous mutation was detected in 1 patient and the M694V homozygous mutation in 1 patient. The compound heterozygous MEFV gene mutations was found in 15 patients. The presence of the MEFV gene mutations was not correlated with the frequency of renal and gastrointestinal involvement and prognosis, the development of complications and the use of steroids.The presence of the MEFV gene mutations does not correlate with the clinical course and complication in Turkish pediatric patients with HSP.Objetivo. Determinar la frecuencia de mutaciones del gen MEFV en niños con diagnóstico de púrpura de Schönlein-Henoch y evaluar el efecto que tienen en el pronóstico. Materiales y métodos. Estudio transversal que incluyeron pacientes pediátricos de entre 2 y 11 años, con diagnóstico de púrpura de Schönlein-Henoch. Se estudiaron para detectar 6 mutaciones en el gen MEFV (M694V, M680I, A744S, R202Q, K695R y E148Q). Resultados. Se incluyeron ochenta pacientes, de los cuales el 55% eran de sexo masculino (n= 44). La media de edad fue 6,44 ± 2,52 años. Durante el seguimiento, 9 pacientes presentaron recurrencia de la enfermedad, 5 sufrieron invaginación intestinal y 1 paciente tuvo convulsiones. Aproximadamente la mitad de los pacientes recibió corticoides. En 44 pacientes (55%) no se detectaron mutaciones en el gen MEFV. En 19 pacientes (22%) hubo una mutación heterocigota. Se encontró E148Q en 8 pacientes, M694V en 5 pacientes, A744S en 4 pacientes y la mutación heterocigota R202Q en 2 pacientes. En 1 paciente se detectó la mutación heterocigota M608I y en otro paciente se encontró la mutación homocigota M694V. En 15 pacientes se encontraron mutaciones heterocigotas compuestas en el gen MEFV. Las mutaciones en el gen MEFV no se correlacionaban con la frecuencia de compromiso renal y gastrointestinal ni con el pronóstico, desarrollo de complicaciones y uso de corticoides. Conclusiones. Las mutaciones en el gen MEFV no se correlacionan con la evolución clínica ni con las complicaciones en pacientes pediátricos con púrpura de Schönlein-Henoch en Turquía.

Backround Fetal malnutrition is especially important for common chronic diseases in adult life. They could potentially be prevented by achieving optimal fetal nutrition. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate hematocrit levels of malnourished, term, appropriate for gestational age (AGA) neonates. Subjects and methods A total of 80 AGA neonates (between 10% and 90% percentiles interval according to birth week), born with spontaneous vaginal delivery between 37 and 42 weeks of gestation, detected by both last menstrual period and ultrasonography measurements, were included in the study. Neonates with fetal malnutrition constituted the study group and the control group consisted of well-nourished neonates. We analyzed central venous hematocrit levels obtained 4 hours after birth and maternal risk factors for both groups. Results Although there were no differences in gestational age, head circumference, maternal factors (gravidity, parity, abortions and curettage counts, maternal tobacco use, preeclampsia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, gestational diabetes mellitus, and history of urinary tract infections), first minute APGAR scores, and sex, Clinical Assessment of Nutritional Status score was lower (29.91±2.87 vs. 21.25±1.65) and hematocrit levels were higher (51.33±2.740 vs. 59.53±5.094) in the fetal malnutrition group (P Conclusions Central hematocrit levels in malnourished term AGA neonates were found significantly higher than well-nourished term AGA newborns.

Dyslipidemia is one of the major complications of obesity; vitamin D deficiency and insulin resistance are attending metabolic complications in dyslipidemic obese children. Objective. To determine if vitamin D deficiency and insulin resistance are risk factors for dyslipidemia in obese children.This study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics at Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital in Istanbul, Turkey between 2014 and 2015. Obese patients whose age range was 8-14 were included in the study. The serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting glucose, insulin, alanine aminotransferase, vitamin D levels were measured; a liver ultrasonography was performed. Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR), was used to calculate insulin resistance.108 obese children were included; 39 (36.11%) had dyslipidemia. The average fasting blood glucose (88.74 ± 7.58 vs. 95.31 ± 6.82; p= 0.0001), insulin level (14.71 ± 12.44 vs. 24.39 ± 15.02; p= 0.0001) and alanine aminotransferase level (23.45 ± 11.18 vs. 30.4 ± 18.95; p= 0.018) were significantly higher in the children with dyslipidemia. In the dyslipidemic obese children, the average hepatosteatosis rate and HOMA-IR level were higher; 28 (71.9%) had hepatosteatosis, 37 (94.87%) had insulin resistance; the vitamin D levels were20 ng/ml in 69.3%. Vitamin D deficiency was significantly more common (p= 0.033). The multivariate regression analysis confirmed that the increase in the HOMA-IR level (p= 0.015) and the low vitamin D level (p= 0.04) were important risk factors for dyslipidemia.Obese children in our region exhibit low vitamin D and increased HOMA-IR levels, which are efficient risk factors of dyslipidemia.La dislipidemia es una de las mayores complicaciones de la obesidad; la deficiencia de vitamina D y la resistencia a la insulina son complicaciones metabólicas que se presentan en niños obesos con dislipidemia. Objetivo. Determinar si la deficiencia de vitamina D y la resistencia a la insulina son factores de riesgo de dislipidemia en niños obesos.

Objective The objective of this study was to assess the result of intravenous pentoxifylline as an adjunct to antibiotic therapy on mortality and morbidity in very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm neonates with nosocomial sepsis. Methods For the 18 VLBW preterm neonates, as an adjunct therapy to antibiotics regimens, pentoxifylline (5 mg/kg/h for 6 hours) was administered to premature infants with sepsis on 3 successive days. Clinical and laboratory parameters were recorded before and after treatment. Results Following pentoxifylline therapy, the immature-to-total neutrophil ratio and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were significantly decreased, while the blood pH and base excess were significantly increased (p 0.05). Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) (32%), Streptococcus hominis (7.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5.3%), and Candida parapsilosis (3.1%) were identified in the blood cultures. There were no short-term morbidities (intraventricular hemorrhages, necrotizing enterocolitis, periventricular leukomalacia, and patent ductus arteriosus), no adverse effects, and no mortalities during or after the pentoxifylline therapy in the preterm neonate participants. Conclusion The CRP levels and heart rate both decreased, while the pH and base excess parameters of the blood gas analysis changed positively after pentoxifylline treatment in VLBW preterm neonates with nosocomial sepsis.

Background: There are conflicting results about what is ‘normal’ weight loss in healthy term newborns and thus, when interventions, such as supplementary feeding, should be considered. Research Aim: The current study aimed at assessing issues affecting weight loss in the early neonatal period and explaining any connections with related factors. Methods: A prospective descriptive study was conducted on 3254 full-term, singleton newborns born at > 37 gestational weeks at a 3rd-level neonatal center in 2016. Results: All newborns were exclusively breastfed, 758 delivered vaginally and 670 by cesarean section, making a total of 1428 newborns were weighed. Early mean weight-loss percentages were identified as 4.23% vs. 4.29%, 4.23% vs. 4.29%, 5.88% vs. 6.65%, and 4.80% vs. 6.32% in Turkish and Syrian infants, respectively, measured at 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours of age. For gender evaluation, the early mean weight-loss percentage was 1.80% vs. 2.22%, 4.02% vs. 4.47%, 6.11% vs. 5.94%, and 5.86% vs. 5.68%, measured at 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours of age. There was no difference in weight loss according to nationality or gender between the groups. For the delivery method, there was a statistical significant difference at 24 hours, 3.88 vs. 4.59, and at 30 hours, 4.07 vs. 5.58. Conclusions: In healthy term newborns, ethnicity and gender differences did not affect weight loss. Newborns delivered vaginally had their maximal weight loss after 42 hours as opposed to 72 hours for the ones born by cesarean section. Being aware of the delayed rate of dehydration can prevent complications and unnecessary supplementation.

Amac: Yenidogan yogun bakim unitesine gec baslangicli sepsis tanisiyla yatirilan yenidoganlarda kanitlanmis sepsis ve klinik sepsis vakalari arasindaki farkliliklarin degerlendirilmesi amaclandi. Yontemler: Vakalar klinik sepsis ve kanitlanmis sepsis olarak iki gruba ayrilarak prospektif olarak incelendi. Bulgular: Calismaya 65 vaka dahil edildi. Vakalarin 38’i klinik sepsis, 27’si kanitlanmis sepsisti. Basvuru yakinmalari; vakalarin 34’unde % 52.3 ates, 6’sinda % 9.2 oksuruk, 6’sinda % 9.2 beslenme intoleransi, 5’inde % 7.7 huzursuzluk, 2’sinde % 3.1 gozde sislik, 2’sinde % 3.1 sulu diskilama, 2’sinde % 3.1 morarma, 1’inde % 1,5 kulakta akinti, 1’inde % 1.5 uykuya meyil ve 1’inde % 1.5 vucutta kasilmaydi. Iki grup arasinda cinsiyet, tarti, boy, bas cevresi, anne egitimi, anne yasi, hastaneye getirilme zamani ve antibiyotik duyarliligi acisindan fark saptanmadi p>0,05 . Ancak, gruplar arasinda CRP duzeyi, pnomoni varligi, hemokulturde ureme ve tedavi gunu arasindaki fark anlamliydi p

Objectives: To assess serum osteopontin (OPN) concentrations and to evaluate the correlation between OPN levels and insulin resistance (IR) in obese dyslipidemic children. Methods: The study featured 107 obese children with ages ranging between 3 - 17 years. Anthropometrical measurements and biochemical analyses were performed and serum OPN samples were obtained. IR was defined using the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) protocol. Results: Of the 107 obese children that were recruited for the study, 63 were girls (58.9%) and 44 were boys (58.9%), with a mean age of 11.18 ± 3.41 years. Of them, 21 (19.6%) were diagnosed with dyslipidemia. No significant differences in age and gender were identified between the dyslipidemic and non-dyslipidemic groups. The mean body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose, insulin, and alanine transaminase levels were similar in both groups (P = 0.74). The average total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), and triglyceride (TG) levels were higher, while the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and cholesterol levels were lower in the dyslipidemic group. Amongst the children with dyslipidemia, 28 (84.84%) had IR. The mean OPN levels in the dyslipidemic group were not found to be higher than the non-dyslipidemic group (46.94 ± 25.64 vs 48.92 ± 24.45; P = 0.70). Multivariate regression analysis confirmed that increased HOMA-IR levels (P = 0.01) are an important risk factor for dyslipidemia. Conclusions: While serum OPN levels were found to be related to IR in obese children, OPN levels were not associated with dyslipidemia.

Background The purpose of this study was to document the oxygen saturation (SpO2), general physical signs and laboratory characteristics during the first 30 min of life. Methods Forty healthy singleton full-term neonates delivered vaginally (n = 33) or by cesarean section (n = 7) were included in this prospective observational study. After delivery, the SpO2 levels of the upper (right hand; ‘preductal’) and lower (dorsum of the right foot; ‘postductal’) extremities of the neonates lying on the servo-controlled radiant heater in the delivery room were measured simultaneously with oximeter probes (Oxiprobe BM-270) placed at 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 min. The correlation between pre- and postductal SpO2 level and different variables (vital signs, capillary refill time recorded at 1 and 15 min, cord pH and hemoglobin values, and Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min) was examined. Results The 1 min pre- and postductal SpO2 were 82.3 ± 7.34% and 79.08 ± 8.16% (P > 0.05), respectively. The preductal values at 5, 10, and 15 min were statistically higher than the postductal values (89.73 ± 6.01%, 93.43 ± 4.06%, and 94.53 ± 3.19% vs 85.53 ± 6.92%, 89.9 ± 4.91%, 92.83 ± 3.92%, respectively). SpO2 was the same regardless of the mode of delivery. No correlations were found between pre- and postductal SpO2 and other variables. Conclusions Oxygen saturation was not affected by mode of delivery, was independent of Apgar score, cord hemoglobin, cord pH, vital signs, and capillary refill time in the first few minutes of life, and did not reach 90% in the first 5 min of life in healthy full-term neonates.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy, cost, and effects of anti-D immunoglobulin (anti-D Ig), methylprednisolone, or intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy on the development of chronic disease in children who are Rh-positive with diagnosed immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Children with newly diagnosed ITP and platelet count