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Diversity training is situated in a cultural context characterized by sociopolitical polarization, complex and fluid social identities, social movements, and debates over its appropriateness. Yet, we lack theories on the drivers of diversity learning and transfer that consider both unique workforce composition characteristics and contextual changes. Diversity training researchers have focused primarily on static aspects of training design and content while largely ignoring the role of the learner. Because these oversights have fueled persistent questions about the effectiveness of diversity training, we offer a learner-centric, process-based model of diversity training that acknowledges the broader context in which it is situated and its influence on trainee motivation, learning, and transfer. We consider the interplay among the design factors, learning context, and learner characteristics in the pre-training, training, and post-training environments, and explore the self-regulatory mechanisms through which trainees can guide their learning. We close by discussing how our process model of diversity training changes our understanding of past research and redirects future research, and we apply the model to several prototypical diversity learner personas to demonstrate how it can be used in practice to personalize diversity training and address barriers to its effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the effect of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies on the learning process of operators. We collected data from the training of new operators in a quality inspection workstation. Two distinct scenarios were considered: before and after the adoption of I4.0 technologies. Data from 10 operators were collected in each scenario; the quality inspection cycle was repeated by each operator 30 consecutive times. A 2-parameter hyperbolic learning curve model was used to assess the learning process in the two groups. Results indicated that operators supported by I4.0 technologies had a significantly higher learning rate than those performing the same tasks without I4.0 support. No significant difference was found in the final performance level between groups. Our study bridges a theoretical gap in the relationship between I4.0 and learning by directly comparing the effect of digital support on the training of new employees in a manufacturing environment. We also offer arguments to support managerial decisions with regards to I4.0 adopti-on at an operational level. That allows organisations to prioritise their digitalisation efforts so that the training of operators in workstations can be expedited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Health education teachers have a crucial role to play in delivering sexual health education in schools, with their own knowledge being key to providing comprehensive sexual health education to adolescents. The purpose of this study was to describe the sexual health education knowledge required by health education teachers in Finland. Qualitative methods were used to explore the perspectives of Finnish health education teachers using semi-structured interviews and e-forms. Data collection from 15 health education teachers took place in March and April 2023. The data were analysed using inductive content analysis. Findings highlight the importance of health education teachers having sound knowledge about: 1) the diversity of adolescent sexual health, 2) the functions of the adolescent body, 3) factors threatening adolescent sexual health, 4) factors promoting adolescent sexual health, and 5) relevant relevant forms of pedagogy. The findings from this study offer a unique perspective on the wide-ranging knowledge required by health education teachers regarding sexual health education in Finland. It is imperative that present and future health education teachers are well-trained and qualified. Both pre- and in-service training should be comprehensive and accessible to enable the delivery of high-quality sexual health education to adolescents and, consequently, the promotion of sexual health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This qualitative study focused on the role of teacher agency and critical reflection in the context of an in-service training programme for early childhood education and care (ECEC) teachers in Finland. The programme emphasised culturally sustainable pedagogy and aimed to support teachers in an increasingly multilingual society. This study aimed to investigate how teachers displayed agency as they tried to promote culturally sustaining pedagogy, and how critical reflection interacted with teachers’ professional agency. The data of the study were versatile, as they consisted of influential texts implemented via the creative writing process, two questionnaires, and interviews with the participants. The data were analysed theoretically and empirically through inductive-deductive reasoning. The investigation revealed four levels at which in-service teachers manifest agency in culturally sustaining pedagogy: individual, child-oriented, institutional, and societal. The results revealed that by writing influential texts, ECEC practitioners significantly challenged their assumptions about their agentic capacity and inspired them to reflect on their practices critically. The findings also revealed that in terms of the targeted audience, participants were not confident in their agentic role in influencing systemic change. These findings highlight the importance of discussing multiple aspects of agency in teacher education by using guided critical reflection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La réforme du troisième cycle des études médicales (R3C) de 2017 s'est accompagnée de modifications des maquettes et du nombre de diplômes d'études spécialisées (DES). L'objectif de ce travail est d'étudier l'évolution de l'attractivité du DES de médecine interne et immunologie clinique (MIIC) depuis la R3C. Nous avons utilisé le rang de classement médian et son évolution ainsi que le bilan des droits au remords entrants et sortants comme marqueurs d'attractivité. Le nombre de postes offerts au choix, les classements et affectations ont été collectés via les arrêtés publiés chaque année au Journal Officiel. Une enquête de l'Amicale des Jeunes Internistes a investigué les raisons des droits au remords sortants ou entrants. Avant 2017, la médecine interne était accessible en moyenne à 52 % des étudiants avec un rang médian de 1118 [339–2640]. À partir de 2017, le DES de MIIC était accessible en moyenne à 76,6 % des étudiants avec un rang médian de 2772 [1039–5155]. Le bilan des droits au remords entrants et sortants était de –4,7 % avant 2017 et variait entre –4,1 et –12,4 % à partir de 2017. Depuis la mise en place de la R3C, le rang médian et le rang limite des étudiants choisissant le DES de MIIC ont augmenté et le bilan des droits au remords est négatif. Une réflexion sur l'attractivité du DES de MIIC est engagée par le Collège national des enseignants de médecine interne afin de faire connaître la richesse de la spécialité et ses différents modes d'exercice aux futurs internes. The 2017 reform of the third cycle of medical studies (R3C) was accompanied by modifications in the formats and number of specialty diplomas. The aim of this study was to investigate the evolution of the choice of the internal medicine and clinical immunology specialty before and after 2017. We used the median ranking and its evolution, as well as incoming and outgoing remorse rights, as markers of attractiveness. Data on the number of position offered, rankings and affectation were collected from decrees published in the French "Journal Officiel" each year. A survey conducted by the "Amicale des Jeunes Internistes" investigated the reasons for the outgoing or incoming rights to remorse. Before 2017, internal medicine was accessible to 52% of students on average, with a median rank of 1118 [339–2640]. From 2017 onwards, the internal medicine specialty was accessible to an average of 76.6% of students, with a median rank of 2772 [1039–5155]. The balance of incoming and outgoing remorse rights was –4.7% before 2017 and varied between –4.1 and –12.4% from 2017. Since 2017, the median and cut-off ranks of students choosing internal medicine specialty have increased, and balance of incoming and outgoing remorse rights was increasingly negative. A reflection on the attractiveness of the internal medicine specialty is undertaken by the National College of Internal Medicine Teachers in order to make the richness of the specialty and its different modes of practice known to future residents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of each relationship in the supply chain involves the participation of people who must be committed to the organization’s objectives. This research aims to develop an instrument to assess the level of development of soft skills that contribute to improving supply chain integration (SCI). The proposed instrument identifies different levels of difficulty in carrying out the same action within the competencies assessed, with the support of the Item Response Theory (IRT). This instrument can be used to identify the level of qualification of employees to promote SCI and serves as a guide in the development of training to qualify teams, periodic evaluations, and selection processes, making it possible to align the competencies of new hires with the work policy adopted by the company. Future research could include new competencies to expand the scale’s assessment capacity and keep up to date with market demands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the impact of boundary-spanning search on innovation performance, with knowledge recombination as the underlying mechanism. It also explores the contingent effect of in house training of employees by considering not invented here syndrome derived from attitude theory, and examines communication investment as a second-order moderator. We test the hypotheses based on a sample of 184 Hong Kong manufacturing firms. The results show that boundary-spanning search is positively related to innovation performance, which is negatively moderated by in house training of employees. Moreover, communication investment has a suppressing effect on the moderating role of in house training of employees. This paper highlights the not invented here syndrome and its mechanism of attitude theory to examine the contingent effects, providing insights for managers to balance among in house training of employees, communication investment, and boundary-spanning search to enhance innovation performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores various modalities for improving individual and organizational learning, focusing on topics such as human resource management practices, inter-organizational knowledge acquisition, experiential learning, and learning in the hybrid workplace. It discusses how HRM practices positively influence organizational performance through learning, challenges and facilitating factors for knowledge acquisition in inter-organizational projects, the benefits of experiential learning, and the impact of hybrid forms of work on learning. Additionally, it addresses the potential issue of employee empowerment leading to managerial isolation and the principles for developing a reliable learning organization, particularly in high-risk environments like healthcare organizations. [Extracted from the article]

Purpose: One critical aspect of strong leadership communication is developing emotional (EQ) and spiritual intelligences (SQ). EQ helps individuals be more empathetic and effective, while SQ promotes an understanding of impacts beyond oneself. This paper aims to explore the relationship between leadership communication and EQ and SQ. Corporations can leverage leaders with high EQ and SQ and/or provide EQ/SQ training to employees. Design/methodology/approach: Using critical review and integration, the authors consolidate existing literature and best practices to explore, develop and propose strategies for integrating EQ and SQ into the workplace. Findings: Building upon existing theory and literature, the authors present a model of understanding both EQ and SQ. A generalized four-step process is presented for building EQ/SQ capabilities within the firm. Originality/value: This study explores the synergy between an employee's leadership skills and the ability to exhibit EQ and SQ. This research can provide corporations with tangible and targeted ways to enhance their EQ and SQ in their leaders. Firms can improve leveraging individuals with high SQ, in addition to providing SQ training to employees to improve individuals' SQ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The viewpoint paper aims to highlight the assistive role that Generative artificial intelligence (Gen AI) can play in the design of learning and development programs for employees with special needs. The article discusses the challenges, benefits and reasons why Gen AI should be used to manage diversity, equity and inclusion by creating personalized and customized training and development programs. Design/methodology/approach: The viewpoint paper is based on reviewing articles and videos on the application of Gen AI in learning and development. Findings: Gen AI offers immense opportunities to design personalized learning solutions for employees with special needs due to disability that can be physical or cognitive. The AI-based solutions support special learners by customizing assistive technology-based solutions and content based on the level of disability and need of the learner. This paper also highlights the importance of synergy between the training department, government and technology solution providers. Originality/value: The viewpoint paper fills in an important gap by discussing the role that Gen AI can play by facilitating the learning and development of employees with unique skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the lifetime effects of the first and largest American youth employment and training program in the United States—the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), 1933–1942. We match newly digitized enrollee records to census, World War II enlistment, Social Security, and death records. We find that longer service in the CCC led to improvements in height, health status, longevity, geographic mobility, and lifetime earnings but did not improve short-term labor market outcomes, including employment and wages. We address potential selection into CCC duration using several approaches, most importantly two newly developed control-function approaches that leverage unbiased estimates of the short-term effects of a randomized controlled trial of Job Corps (the modern version of the CCC). Our findings suggest that short- and medium-term evaluations of employment programs underestimate effects because they fail to capture lifetime effects and often ignore or underestimate health and longevity benefits that increase in magnitude at later ages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unemployment and the challenges of hiring processes are often attributed to a lack of skills, indicating the persistent mismatch between educational preparation and industry demands. The focus on Technical Vocational and Livelihood (TVL) programs, with an emphasis on practical skills and work readiness, serves as a potential bridge to this gap. The learning-by-doing approach, facilitated through both school-based workshops and on-the-job training, offers a promising avenue to equip students with practical skills relevant to their chosen industries. This study not only seeks to describe this prevalent issue but also aims to provide valuable insights for bridging the gap between the skills expected by employers and those acquired by students. Existing literature, including works by Leite et al. (2016) and Mahasneh and Thabet (2015), underscores the discrepancy between industry expectations and graduate preparedness, especially in non-technical skills like communication, teamwork, and adaptability to real-world changes. Adopting a descriptive and developmental research design, this study conducted a comprehensive survey among 130 Technical Vocational and Livelihood-Home Economics SY graduates from Malvar Senior High School in the Batangas province between 2016 and 2022. The findings highlight the significance of foundational skills in effectively managing the dining area, addressing customer inquiries, and maintaining a welcoming ambiance, all crucial elements for ensuring exceptional customer experiences within the food service industry. While the study indicates a strong alignment between the competencies taught in the Food and Beverage Services (FBS) program and the industry's requirements, it also recognizes a gap in the coverage of certain essential competencies needed in the Food and Beverage Services NC II. As a response, the study endeavors to develop supplementary materials aimed at enhancing the overall competency framework and ensuring a more comprehensive and relevant educational experience for future students in this sector. Through its findings, this research contributes to the ongoing dialogue surrounding the optimization of educational programs to meet industry demands, offering valuable insights for policymakers, educators, and stakeholders invested in the advancement of technical education and workforce preparedness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the training content needs and preferences of administrative personnel in a tertiary public hospital under the backdrop of high-quality hospital development, aiming to enhance their overall performance and effectiveness in supporting hospital growth. Methods This study utilized a questionnaire survey and employed chi-square goodness-of-fit test for statistical analysis. Results A total of 70 questionnaires were collected. 84.29% of the respondents believed that the relevance of training content, 74.29% thought time conflicts, and 70.00% considered leadership attention, training participation awareness, and the competence of training instructors as the main factors affecting training quality. 65.71% of the respondents identified holistic thinking ability, 62.86% noted innovation capability, and 44.29% pointed out decision-making skills as the most needed training content. Conclusion The main factors affecting the quality of management ability training for hospital administrative staff are the relevance of training content and employees' willingness to participate in training. The ability that needs the most training is communication skills, while the greatest demand is for knowledge about the hospital's development history and culture. The optimal format is monthly offline lectures lasting 1-2 hours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integration of technology in teacher training is an integral part of motivation in the 21st century. The integration of mobile technology in teacher training and professional development can bring about a meaningful change in their career. This study examines how, in the academic environment of Sindh, Pakistan, in-service training sessions contribute to the professional skill development and motivation of instructors. The study has two primary aims. The first involved examining how teacher training programs affected instructors' willingness to continue in the classroom and to enroll in training programs. The second involved examining how these sessions affected teachers' ability to advance their careers and develop their confidence and self-efficacy. Data for the study were gathered using a survey research approach. To gather information from 450 teachers in Sindh, Pakistan--both private and public--a structured questionnaire was created. The information gathered from the survey was examined using statistical analysis. The study's findings demonstrate that in-service teachers are not as motivated or proficient in their professional development as they should be by training sessions through the integration of mobile technology. The main motivators for the instructors to attend these workshops are their financial and social advantages. According to the study, several essential elements of successful teacher preparation are absent from these in-service training sessions. As a result, the study suggests that training programs abandon their conventional methods and modernize to better meet the demands of teachers today through the use of technology, which most teachers avoid using. More than merely formal meetings, training sessions should be scheduled to prepare instructors for actual learning objectives. Future academics of teacher training programs may find value in the study's conclusions with the application of mobile technology by providing appropriate pre-training sessions for the use of technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The primary objective of this study was to gauge resident and faculty sentiments surrounding a general surgery program merger between two programs, and to assess the effect on workplace morale and productivity. Secondarily, the authors sought to objectively examine the impact program expansion had on in-service training exam results and operative volumes. Methods: This was a single-center, prospective, observational study that evaluated surgical resident and faculty feedback pertaining to the merger of two regional general surgery residency programs. The survey utilized the Likert scale at merger onset and post-merger to gather responses from residents and faculty from July 2020 to August 2021. Secondary outcomes evaluated case volume and ABSITE performance pre- and post-merger. Results: A total of 27 residents and 31 faculty participated in the initial survey. The merger onset and post survey investigation found that there was increased workplace efficiency (78% onset, 96% post; p = 0.004), and increased comfort with effectively triaging patients (41% onset, 83% post; p = 0.001). Satisfaction levels regarding research infrastructure and mentorship also increased significantly (63% onset, 83% post; p = 0.03). ABSITE performance and operative volumes were not significantly changed post-merger. Conclusion: The merging of two academic programs led to feelings of increased mentorship, operative competency, and workplace efficiency among the residents. This was achieved without significant detriment to resident case volume or ABSITE performance. Our investigation also identified legitimate challenges that speak to the need for fluidity in a residency program and the constant need for continued growth and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The success of an organization is due to its energy base, especially its employees. As such, employees are the pioneers and have a clear, long-term commitment to the organization's success. Of course, only workers can achieve such success to their fullest potential. However, to optimize employee competencies, there are ways to make them better. This research aims to identify ways that can be done to improve employee competencies. This study will make use of the PLS-SEM methodology. The study's findings support the initial idea that training has a key factor that affects how well employees perform. Furthermore, the second hypothesis indicates a substantial effect of training on job satisfaction, which is in line with the author's formulation. Similarly, the third hypothesis indicates that job satisfaction has a significant effect on employee performance. The fourth hypothesis states that job satisfaction can mediate the effect of training on employee performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to identify the challenges and solutions associated with implementing cooperative learning (CL), based on the lived experiences of teachers in Iran. Thirty-two primary school teachers participated in a 16-session CL workshop. However, only thirty participants were able to implement this approach in their classrooms, and 19 of them voluntarily took part in the interviews. The data collected through interviews were analysed using Atlas.ti software. Three challenges and two solutions emerged as our main findings. The lack of stakeholders’ readiness, lack of facilities, and traditional structure hinder the effective implementation of CL. The results also revealed that improving curriculum elements and fostering a positive attitude among principals, educational policymakers, and other stakeholders towards the CL approach can create suitable conditions for effective implementation in Iran. Identifying perceived challenges and solutions can encourage teachers, parents, policymakers, and principals to provide suitable platforms for implementing CL in Iran. The results of this study highlight the necessity for teachers’ in-service training and participation of stakeholders to improve the delivery of CL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food Loss and Waste (FLW) has primarily focused on quantifying causes. This article organizes literature on FLW determinants and effects in restaurants, analyzing 80 articles from Scopus and Web of Science. Findings reveal FLW in restaurants, which is determined by consumer behavior, restaurant management, and public policies, has economic and environmental effects. The study emphasizes the importance of investing in employee training and policies promoting FLW reduction. It also underscores the need for educating consumers on responsible consumption. Implementing these measures will contribute to fostering sustainable and efficient food systems, minimizing the adverse effects of food waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy companies are facing increasing pressure from institutional and industry stakeholders to prioritize their responsibility to the environment and society, including providing accurate, reliable, and comprehensive reports on their sustainability practices. Three metrics were developed in this study: the average sustainability reporting score and two sustainability performance reporting indices based on two different performance measurement methodologies. These were designed to assess the effect of mandatory non-financial disclosure on sustainability reporting and the level of transparency and engagement of energy companies. The study also examined the relationship between the level of sustainability reporting and sustainability performance in the period of 2016–2019 by correlating these metrics. The analysis sheds light on the effectiveness of non-financial disclosure regulations in promoting sustainability practices in the energy industry. The results revealed no difference in metric scores prior to, or even following, the adoption of Directive 2014/95/EU. Energy companies performed better in terms of sustainability when more indicators were reported. Their primary focus was on the economic aspect of sustainability, particularly corruption. They gave less importance to the environmental aspect, mainly reporting on emissions. The social aspect received the least attention, although indicators for employee education and training were mentioned most frequently. The analysis showed that the metrics are statistically significantly correlated and complement each other, highlighting the need to consider a variety of metrics when assessing sustainability performance in the energy industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social care systems, residential care centers and directors are under pressure to provide the best service to children and youngsters. At the same time, there is also a concern for personnel well-being, and personal and professional development. This qualitative and exploratory study aimed to identify, with semi-structured interviews with directors of residential care centers, what are the most recent practices in terms of personnel recruitment, in-service training, supervision, and the promotion of caregivers' well-being. The results revealed that workers were perceived as the most important resource in an organization. Promoting personnel training and the concept of care for caregivers were, therefore, identified as strategies to preserve adequate workers' commitment to this demanding career, to avoid worker turnover. As workers are asked to apply their soft skills daily, training offered to these workers should focus more on knowledge about mental health and psychological and physical well-being, to assist them in providing adequate care. The results indicated that these subjects, and those specifically connected with at-risk children/youth, were identified as essential to the directors interviewed but were not yet broadly available as training offers. Implications drawn from the findings are presented for practice and for research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using a unique data set of Italian banks covering the 2011 to 2019 period, this study investigates the influence of human resource training on bank stability and examines whether this relationship is affected by bank efficiency and credit risk. In line with the resource‐based view (RBV) of the firm, our findings suggest that employee training exerts a positive impact on bank stability. Credit risk and bank efficiency are also identified as potential drivers in this relationship. Importantly, our results remain robust when addressing endogeneity issues and considering alternative model specifications. This study offers novel insights into the impact of employee‐related variables on bank performance. The practical implications of our findings hold relevance for both banks and regulatory authorities, as human resource training can profoundly influence the effectiveness of risk management strategies and, ultimately, the sound and prudent management of banks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the effects of innovation on firm survival by using data from a representative survey of small and medium manufacturing firms in the province of Salerno, Italy. We innovate upon the literature by (a) comparing the impact of different sources of internal and external knowledge (including universities) on the probability of firm survival; (b) assessing the mediating impact of the human capital of workers and entrepreneurs on learning from these knowledge sources. Finally, we measure the impact of different types of innovation on firm survival. Our evidence upholds the link between innovation and firm survival, particularly for product and organisational innovation. Results regarding the impact of different sources of knowledge highlight the roles of employee training, the human capital of entrepreneurs and workers and the productivity of university departments providing relevant knowledge. Other elements of external knowledge, such as proximity to the University of Salerno or being in the city of Salerno, are significant facilitators of survival only if mediated through high levels of the human capital of entrepreneurs and workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental changes require resources that are able to adapt. This condition requires a special strategy to remain competitive. This can be realized from real resources and employee skills that match market needs (Dubey et al., 2019). Therefore, continuous training is the “way” to face business scenarios (Santana-Domínguez et al., 2022). So, employee training is the best solution to maintain company sustainability. This study aims to explore the importance of training to maintain the stability of the company’s future. This research is qualitative research with in-depth interviews as the main data collection method. The analytical method uses Foucault’s (1980) power-knowledge with three main focuses as a tool for data reduction, namely sharing, generating and using knowledge. The results of the study show that training is important to be carried out by companies due to three main reasons, namely training as a place to transfer knowledge, training to produce employee/company performance, and training as an inseparable part of the company’s sustainability process. In addition, the results show that continuous learning is a necessity that must be carried out to deal with environmental change. It is important to know that everything will change except the change itself. The next research approach is to examine the training section with a quantitative approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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AbstractAlthough many chefs have developed the habit to practice food waste management in the kitchen, so-called environmental habitus, little is known about how this habitual practice has formed and how/if it has evolved with time. This study combines practice theory and theory of habit formation to explore the (f)actors that have influenced the formation and evolvement of environmental habitus among chefs. Interpretive phenomenological analysis is used to examine the lived experiences of 18 senior chefs in Indonesia who have habitually engaged in food waste management. The study establishes the critical role of mothers in shaping personal outlook of chefs on the importance of food waste reduction. Senior chefs are key for reinforcing this outlook, but also for providing necessary competencies and tools for resourceful cooking. The study highlights family upbringing and on-the-job training as the critical (f)actors in the formation and evolvement of the habitual practice of food waste management among future chefs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Critical events in anaesthesia are defined as events requiring immediate intervention to prevent major disability or death. South African research on risk factors predisposing our vulnerable paediatric patients to critical events is limited. Methods: A prospective, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted at Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital (RMMCH) in Johannesburg. The study included 206 paediatric patients up to the age of 12 years undergoing anaesthesia for elective and emergency procedures. The study aimed to describe the incidence and management of perioperative critical events, determine risk factors, and describe the immediate postoperative outcomes. Results: The median age of patients with a critical event was four years with a weight of 13 kg. The cumulative incidence of critical events was 34% (95% confidence interval [CI] 27 to 40), with hypoglycaemia having the highest incidence of 21% (95% CI 16 to 27). The incidence of respiratory critical events was 11% (95% CI 7 to 16), emergence delirium 2.4% (95% CI 0.90 to 5.9), cardiovascular events 1.9% (95% CI 0.62 to 5.2), and temperature abnormalities 0.5% (95% CI 0.03 to 3.1). Risk factors associated with respiratory events included younger age and using endotracheal tubes (ETT). The management of the events varied according to physician preference. Of the patients included, 87% were discharged to the ward. Conclusion: The cumulative incidence of critical events was more than double the number previously reported in a large South African multicentre study. Hypoglycaemia continues to be the biggest contributor. To improve patient outcomes, attention should be given to improving in-service training and continuous medical education (CME). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compliance management is an important part of the business world, and organizations must ensure their compliance with prevailing applicable regulations and standards. In compliance management, organizations need to understand applicable regulations, codes of conduct, and risk assessments, to be able to develop clear and constantly updated policies and procedures. Training and education for employees are also important to ensure understanding and compliance with the rules of law. Effective monitoring, audits, and reporting mechanisms must be implemented to identify breaches of compliance and address problems promptly and accurately. Consistent and fair sanctions and enforcement of rules must also be implemented to encourage compliance and prevent violations. By implementing effective compliance management, organizations can maintain a good reputation, reduce the risk of law breaches, and ensure operational sustainability. It is also important to always consult with a legal expert in respect of compliance to ensure proper compliance in accordance with applicable regulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past few years, safety and health have become major concerns in the warehouse and logistics sectors. Each year, warehouse fatalities, injuries, and accidents cause unrecoverable losses and huge financial costs. In spite of all the advancements in methods, tools, equipment, and regulations, the number of accidents, especially fatal ones, has not subsided significantly. As a result, safety professionals and researchers have explored new and innovative ways to combat this problem. In the circular logistics facility (CLF) industry, located inside warehouses and providing human muscle-oriented services to maintain pallets, both short-term safety incidents and long-term health concerns are present. Long-term health training is rarely discussed in the literature compared to short-term safety training. This is because health issues are more complex than safety issues, since biological outcomes may take time to develop, are affected by multiple resources, and cumulative injuries may occur. This paper contributes to warehouse health and safety by designing and developing a modular XR collaborative training and testing platform (MXC-P). The co-design process is applied to design each module in the MXC-P. Three main modules related to health and safety training for CLF were considered, namely personal protection equipment, pallet handling, and pallet repairing. On this platform, a virtual interactive world provides a solid hands-on training environment and generates syntactic data for evaluating long-term health risks. On the other hand, collaborative and modular environments provide a solution to geographically distributed systems, allowing employees to connect and train remotely. The effectiveness of the MXC-P is compared with traditional safety training in a pilot study. Based on the results, we can establish that the MXC-P is effective in teaching and testing hazard identification situations, especially those relating to short-term health. The results also indicate that trainees' recall of knowledge would improve with the MXC-P. In addition to this, the MXC-P can also be used to test and evaluate a new system and generate syntactic data for evaluating long-term health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thinkers and educators of the period had important influences on the shaping of educational policies in Turkey. One of these thinkers and educators is Hüseyin Hüsnü Cırıtlı, who worked at Gazi Education Institute and Ministry of National Education for many years. The aim of this study is to reveal Cırıtlı's views on teacher training process and teaching profession in Turkey. The research was conducted by document analysis method and content analysis technique was used to analyze the data. As a result of the research, it was concluded that education should be national, the Ministry of National Education should have a say in the teacher training process, there should be cooperation in teacher training across the country and standards should be set, teachers should have special qualifications, in-service training should become important and the importance of the teacher factor in students' learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leadership in Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) is changing globally. We investigated ECEC leadership and leaders’ interpretations of power and its realization between leaders and followers, a little researched topic in the field. Our theoretical framework consists of ECEC contextual knowledge and prior research attached with Michel Foucault’s and Mary Parker Follet’s perceptions of power as positive, relational and discursive microphenomenon. Our essay data (N = 46) was written by ECEC center leaders before participating in educational leaders in-service training. The method of analysis was Greimas’ actantial analysis (1979), which enabled us to build two actantial models of leaders’ perspectives and relation to power. Findings indicate that power is a leader-centered, unstructured and hiding concept needing conscious reframing and integration of positional and non-positional leader roles in the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During clinical ethics consultation training, hands-on practice after acquiring the necessary knowledge under an experienced clinical ethics consultant's supervision is an effective method of obtaining technical and practical skills. However, in regions where clinical ethics consultation is still nascent, few experienced clinical ethics consultants exist. The number of clinical ethics consultation cases is small, making on-the-job training significantly difficult. To address this problem, this study developed a remote supervision program using e-mail and ZOOM and evaluated its effectiveness using Kirkpatrick's learning effectiveness model. The findings confirmed the good learning effects of both programs. In particular, ZOOM's learning effectiveness was greater than e-mail's in Level 2 learning effects. Nevertheless, remote supervision may be an effective method when in-person training is difficult, such as in countries with developing clinical ethics consultations or during the outbreak of infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Literature regarding trans and gender diverse (TGD) prisoners' experiences of prison custody is limited. Reviewing international literature enables a better understanding of these experiences and how effectively TGD policies are implemented. This systematic review employed PRISMA and ENTREQ guidelines to enhance transparency in reporting the synthesis of qualitative and mixed‐methods research. Seventeen papers were included and through meta‐ethnographic synthesis three overarching themes emerged: structural, interpersonal and intrapersonal. Recommendations include reducing reliance on survival strategies by TGD prisoners through implementation of policies which meet TGD prisoners' needs and to enabling better informed decision making regarding housing. Further research into lived experiences would allow for a better understanding of what currently works, how services could be improved, and identify potential training needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: STEM literacy has increasingly become a significant educational goal worldwide. Teachers' STEM literacy is of utmost importance in mediating students' learning. Although many teacher preparation programs are being structured to accommodate the changing educational landscape there is still limited understanding of how teachers engage with STEM. Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to provide a comprehensive framework for tracing teachers' STEM literacy which can be adapted for empirical investigations. The paper provided both a theoretical framework which consists of STEM knowledge, ability and attitudes and a methodological approach for tracing teachers' STEM literacy. Sample: This study was conducted with 97 compulsory education teachers (48% female) in China. Overall, 66.0% of the participants taught science in primary and secondary school, 16% taught technology and 17% taught mathematics. Design and methods: The study was guided by two research questions: (a) What were the relationships between the elements of in-service teachers' STEM literacy? (b) What differences, if any, were there in in-service teacher' STEM literacy in terms of their subject background and gender? A pilot study confirmed the validation and reliability of the research tool. A series of t-tests and analyses of variance were performed to identify the status quo and any significant differences in teachers' STEM literacy. Pearson Correlation analysis was conducted to measure the strength of the relationships between each two variables. Conclusions: The results suggested that the Teachers' STEM Literacy Survey was valid and reliable for examining teachers' STEM literacy and indicated (a) teachers performed well in the discipline knowledge (especially in scientific knowledge), but problem-solving ability (PSA) and STEM career interest (CI) were limited; (b) gender differences existed in teachers' self-efficacy to PSA. Mathematics teachers had relatively lower confidence in PSA and (c) CI might have no correlation with teachers' understanding of STEM knowledge and STEM ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim was to analyse and improve the Primary Health Care (PHC) response to domestic violence against women (DVAW) by developing, implementing and evaluating an intervention. A pilot study evaluating the before and after of intervention implementation, using mixed methods and carried out in three phases – formative, intervention and evaluation – between August 2017 and March 2019 in two Basic Health Units (UBS) in the city of São Paulo. In this paper, we present the details and evaluation of the intervention, carried out six to twelve months after its implementation. The intervention was developed based on the findings of the formative phase and in line with the health policy that establishes the Violence Prevention Nucleus (NPV) and consisted of stablishing a care pathway; general training for all workers and specific training for the NPV; drawing up educational material and monthly case discussions over 6 months. The evaluation showed acceptability among the workers, increased identification and repertoire for caring for cases of DVAW, strengthening internal referral and the intersectoral network. We identified obstacles to the full implementation and sustainability of the intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following the stress on corporate governance (CG) attributes and their roles on environmental performance, an investigation on the association between CG and carbon performance of the firms listed on the London Stock Exchange is conducted, using data of non-financial companies for the period from 2016 to 2020. To enhance the depth of analysis, this paper introduces management environmental training as a moderator, offering a more nuanced examination of the CG-carbon performance relationship. The findings showed that CG and environmental governance contribute to mitigating CO2 emissions, including the aggregate, Scope 2, and Scope 1 indicators. This suggests that companies prioritizing effective governance mechanisms are more likely to achieve comprehensive emissions management. Also, our results suggest that management environmental training has a moderating impact on the CG-CO2 emissions association, indicating that environment-related training of firm management enhances the efficiency of CG in dealing with environmental issues. The results have substantial implications for policymakers, regulators, and practitioners about the efficiency of CG mechanisms and environmental training in determining company environmental behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A large body of research has studied the impacts of employment and training programs, yet there is no clear consensus regarding whether these programs are effective in improving outcomes for people with low incomes. This article uses meta-analytic approaches to synthesize the causal evidence on the impacts of employment and training programs for populations in the U.S. and Canada with low incomes. Using data on over 1,800 estimates from 191 evaluations of 144 programs with outcomes observed over a range of follow-up periods, we find modest-sized average effects equivalent to an improvement of about $1,000 in annual earnings. However, we find substantial heterogeneity depending on the services offered and other characteristics of the interventions. Interventions offering work- and work-based learning were the most effective in improving labor market outcomes, particularly when offered in conjunction with employment services such as work readiness training or employment coaching. Our research makes several important contributions to the literature. First, we developed a comprehensive review protocol and rigorous standards guide to transparently and consistently identify both published and unpublished causal research. Second, we estimated average impacts of interventions for labor market outcomes overall and separately for specific outcomes (employment, earnings, public benefit receipt, and educational attainment). Third, we coded a large number of types of services offered by each intervention, as well as study and sample characteristics, to assess which services, combinations of services, and other characteristics are associated with intervention effectiveness. Fourth, our findings are corroborated using both frequentist and Bayesian meta-analytical methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arab Journal for Scientific Publishing is the property of Research & Development of Human Recourses Center (REMAH) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this article is to evaluate the performance of logistics service providers (LSPs) in the Philippines, emphasising their impact on economic development and competitiveness. Utilising data collected from 126 respondents affiliated with the Philippines International Sea freight Forwarder Association and the Air cargo Forwarders of the Philippines Inc., the study identifies key performance indicators, including cost, time and reliability. The findings reveal that while LSPs in the Philippines maintain acceptable performance levels, significant challenges remain, particularly in domestic logistics. The study highlights that delays in customs processes and infrastructure inadequacies are major impediments to optimal logistics performance. Comparative analysis with other ASEAN countries shows that the Philippines lags in certain areas, particularly in delivery reliability and logistics infrastructure quality. The research also explores human resource issues, noting a high turnover rate and reliance on on-the-job training. Policy implications suggest the need for enhanced infrastructure, better regulatory frameworks and targeted human resource development to boost logistics performance. This study offers valuable insights for policy-makers and industry stakeholders aiming to improve the efficiency and competitiveness of the Philippines' logistics services. JEL Codes: F0, F2 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Trakya Journal of Education is the property of Trakya Journal of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)