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1. Towards a sustained and fit-for-purpose European ocean observing and forecasting system

Author

Toste Tanhua, Pierre-Yves Le Traon, Nicole Köstner, Dina Eparkhina, Gabriel Navarro, Martha Bonnet Dunbar, Sabrina Speich, Ananda Pascual, Karina von Schuckmann, Giovanni Liguori, Johannes Karstensen, Abed El Rahman Hassoun, Erik van Doorn, Bàrbara Barceló-Llull, Begoña Pérez Gómez, Caroline Cusack, Emma Heslop, Ana Lara-Lopez, George Petihakis, Maciej Telszewski, Artur P. Palacz, Kirsten Wilmer-Becker, Jay Pearlman, Ángel Muñiz Piniella, Johanna Jacomina Heymans, and Inga Lips

Subjects
ocean observing, governance, ocean science, forecasting, global ocean observing system, Science, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5
Abstract

The EU funded project EuroSea brought together key actors of the European ocean observing and forecasting communities with key users of the ocean observing products and services in order to better integrate existing ocean observation systems and tools, and to improve the delivery of ocean information to users. EuroSea was constructed around the ocean observing value chain that connects observations to users of ocean information, and, just as intended, the value chain concept was a useful prism to improve the system. In this article, we summarize some of the main take-home messages from EuroSea on the needs for developing the European Ocean Observing System and its links with modeling and forecasting systems. During the project, the challenges and gaps in the design and coordination of the European ocean observing and forecasting system were identified and mapped. Many gaps and challenges related to the observations of physical, chemical and biological Essential Ocean Variables were identified. Some of these gaps are related to technological developments, while others are caused by insufficient and short-term funding leading to a not sustainable system, management, and cooperation between different entities, as well as limitations in foresight activities, policies and decisions. This article represents a compilation of the broader needs for advancing the observing and forecasting system, and is meant as a guide for the community, and to funders and investors to advance ocean observing and the delivery of ocean information in Europe. To enhance the sustainability of ocean observations, which is paramount for a reliable provision of quality oceanographic data and services, several recommendations were compiled for ocean observing networks, frameworks, initiatives, as well as the ocean observing funders within the European nations, and the European Commission.

Published
2024
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2. The European Ocean Observing Community: urgent gaps and recommendations to implement during the UN Ocean Decade

Author

Abed El Rahman Hassoun, Toste Tanhua, Inga Lips, Emma Heslop, George Petihakis, and Johannes Karstensen

Subjects
ocean observing, gaps, recommendations, EU, UN Ocean Decade, Science, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5
Abstract

The interdisciplinary community of ocean and coastal observers and modelers in Europe is driven by national observing needs for prediction and management of intricate processes shaping Europe’s Seas. Not all observing needs can be addressed by nations alone and various coordination activities exist to overcome fragmentation and create cross benefit within the European Ocean Observing Community (EOOC). This way critical insights into impacts of climate change on European Waters and cross border marine resources management can be achieved. Based on a large number of published material, this article is identifying and addressing the current state of activities of the EOOC and states gaps that potentially prevent efficacy. Key challenges include spatial and temporal coverage in observations, data integration, accessibility, uncertainties in projections, technological hurdles, and engagement and communication gaps. Detailed recommendations are provided for identified gaps, offering valuable insights for stakeholders, funders, and supporters of the EOOC. These recommendations, extending beyond academic interest, carry significant implications for climate change mitigation, marine resource management efficiency, ecosystem resilience, disaster preparedness, economic benefits, and the broader scientific advancements in European marine science, thereby benefiting society at large. As the world undergoes transformative changes impacting all facets of European life, substantial investment and support for the EOOC are crucial for precise information, accurate predictions, supporting sustained services that contribute to business growth and community resilience, and a sustainable ocean.

Published
2024
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3. Ocean Integration: The Needs and Challenges of Effective Coordination Within the Ocean Observing System

Author

Adèle Révelard, Joaquín Tintoré, Jacques Verron, Pierre Bahurel, John A. Barth, Mathieu Belbéoch, Jérôme Benveniste, Pascal Bonnefond, Eric P. Chassignet, Sophie Cravatte, Fraser Davidson, Brad deYoung, Michelle Heupel, Emma Heslop, Cora Hörstmann, Johannes Karstensen, Pierre Yves Le Traon, Miguel Marques, Craig McLean, Raul Medina, Theresa Paluszkiewicz, Ananda Pascual, Jay Pearlman, George Petihakis, Nadia Pinardi, Sylvie Pouliquen, Ralph Rayner, Iian Shepherd, Janet Sprintall, Toste Tanhua, Pierre Testor, Jukka Seppälä, John Siddorn, Soeren Thomsen, Luis Valdés, Martin Visbeck, Anya M. Waite, Francisco Werner, John Wilkin, and Ben Williams

Subjects
integration, ocean observing, organizational silos, interdisciplinarity, collaboration, ocean science culture, Science, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5
Abstract

Understanding and sustainably managing complex environments such as marine ecosystems benefits from an integrated approach to ensure that information about all relevant components and their interactions at multiple and nested spatiotemporal scales are considered. This information is based on a wide range of ocean observations using different systems and approaches. An integrated approach thus requires effective collaboration between areas of expertise in order to improve coordination at each step of the ocean observing value chain, from the design and deployment of multi-platform observations to their analysis and the delivery of products, sometimes through data assimilation in numerical models. Despite significant advances over the last two decades in more cooperation across the ocean observing activities, this integrated approach has not yet been fully realized. The ocean observing system still suffers from organizational silos due to independent and often disconnected initiatives, the strong and sometimes destructive competition across disciplines and among scientists, and the absence of a well-established overall governance framework. Here, we address the need for enhanced organizational integration among all the actors of ocean observing, focusing on the occidental systems. We advocate for a major evolution in the way we collaborate, calling for transformative scientific, cultural, behavioral, and management changes. This is timely because we now have the scientific and technical capabilities as well as urgent societal and political drivers. The ambition of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021–2030) and the various efforts to grow a sustainable ocean economy and effective ocean protection efforts all require a more integrated approach to ocean observing. After analyzing the barriers that currently prevent this full integration within the occidental systems, we suggest nine approaches for breaking down the silos and promoting better coordination and sharing. These recommendations are related to the organizational framework, the ocean science culture, the system of recognition and rewards, the data management system, the ocean governance structure, and the ocean observing drivers and funding. These reflections are intended to provide food for thought for further dialogue between all parties involved and trigger concrete actions to foster a real transformational change in ocean observing.

Published
2022
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4. Animal Borne Ocean Sensors – AniBOS – An Essential Component of the Global Ocean Observing System

Author

Clive R. McMahon, Fabien Roquet, Sophie Baudel, Mathieu Belbeoch, Sophie Bestley, Clint Blight, Lars Boehme, Fiona Carse, Daniel P. Costa, Michael A. Fedak, Christophe Guinet, Robert Harcourt, Emma Heslop, Mark A. Hindell, Xavier Hoenner, Kim Holland, Mellinda Holland, Fabrice R. A. Jaine, Tiphaine Jeanniard du Dot, Ian Jonsen, Theresa R. Keates, Kit M. Kovacs, Sara Labrousse, Philip Lovell, Christian Lydersen, David March, Matthew Mazloff, Megan K. McKinzie, Mônica M. C. Muelbert, Kevin O’Brien, Lachlan Phillips, Esther Portela, Jonathan Pye, Stephen Rintoul, Katsufumi Sato, Ana M. M. Sequeira, Samantha E. Simmons, Vardis M. Tsontos, Victor Turpin, Esmee van Wijk, Danny Vo, Mia Wege, Frederick Gilbert Whoriskey, Kenady Wilson, and Bill Woodward

Subjects
animal behavior, climate change, Essential Ocean Variables (EOVs), marine animals, physical oceanography, Science, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5
Abstract

Marine animals equipped with biological and physical electronic sensors have produced long-term data streams on key marine environmental variables, hydrography, animal behavior and ecology. These data are an essential component of the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS). The Animal Borne Ocean Sensors (AniBOS) network aims to coordinate the long-term collection and delivery of marine data streams, providing a complementary capability to other GOOS networks that monitor Essential Ocean Variables (EOVs), essential climate variables (ECVs) and essential biodiversity variables (EBVs). AniBOS augments observations of temperature and salinity within the upper ocean, in areas that are under-sampled, providing information that is urgently needed for an improved understanding of climate and ocean variability and for forecasting. Additionally, measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence and dissolved oxygen concentrations are emerging. The observations AniBOS provides are used widely across the research, modeling and operational oceanographic communities. High latitude, shallow coastal shelves and tropical seas have historically been sampled poorly with traditional observing platforms for many reasons including sea ice presence, limited satellite coverage and logistical costs. Animal-borne sensors are helping to fill that gap by collecting and transmitting in near real time an average of 500 temperature-salinity-depth profiles per animal annually and, when instruments are recovered (∼30% of instruments deployed annually, n = 103 ± 34), up to 1,000 profiles per month in these regions. Increased observations from under-sampled regions greatly improve the accuracy and confidence in estimates of ocean state and improve studies of climate variability by delivering data that refine climate prediction estimates at regional and global scales. The GOOS Observations Coordination Group (OCG) reviews, advises on and coordinates activities across the global ocean observing networks to strengthen the effective implementation of the system. AniBOS was formally recognized in 2020 as a GOOS network. This improves our ability to observe the ocean’s structure and animals that live in them more comprehensively, concomitantly improving our understanding of global ocean and climate processes for societal benefit consistent with the UN Sustainability Goals 13 and 14: Climate and Life below Water. Working within the GOOS OCG framework ensures that AniBOS is an essential component of an integrated Global Ocean Observing System.

Published
2021
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5. Evolving and Sustaining Ocean Best Practices to Enable Interoperability in the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development

Author

Jay Pearlman, Pier Luigi Buttigieg, Mark Bushnell, Claudia Delgado, Juliet Hermes, Emma Heslop, Cora Hörstmann, Kirsten Isensee, Johannes Karstensen, Arno Lambert, Ana Lara-Lopez, Frank Muller-Karger, Cristian Munoz Mas, Francoise Pearlman, Peter Pissierssens, Rachel Przeslawski, Pauline Simpson, Jordan van Stavel, and Ramasamy Venkatesan

Subjects
UN Ocean Decade, interoperability, best practices, capacity development, methods, standards, Science, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5
Abstract

The UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (Ocean Decade) challenges marine science to better inform and stimulate social and economic development while conserving marine ecosystems. To achieve these objectives, we must make our diverse methodologies more comparable and interoperable, expanding global participation and foster capacity development in ocean science through a new and coherent approach to best practice development. We present perspectives on this issue gleaned from the ongoing development of the UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) Ocean Best Practices System (OBPS). The OBPS is collaborating with individuals and programs around the world to transform the way ocean methodologies are managed, in strong alignment with the outcomes envisioned for the Ocean Decade. However, significant challenges remain, including: (1) the haphazard management of methodologies across their lifecycle, (2) the ambiguous endorsement of what is “best” and when and where one method may be applicable vs. another, and (3) the inconsistent access to methodological knowledge across disciplines and cultures. To help address these challenges, we recommend that sponsors and leaders in ocean science and education promote consistent documentation and convergence of methodologies to: create and improve context-dependent best practices; incorporate contextualized best practices into Ocean Decade Actions; clarify who endorses which method and why; create a global network of complementary ocean practices systems; and ensure broader consistency and flexibility in international capacity development.

Published
2021
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6. Corrigendum: OceanGliders: A Component of the Integrated GOOS

Author

Pierre Testor, Brad de Young, Daniel L. Rudnick, Scott Glenn, Daniel Hayes, Craig M. Lee, Charitha Pattiaratchi, Katherine Hill, Emma Heslop, Victor Turpin, Pekka Alenius, Carlos Barrera, John A. Barth, Nicholas Beaird, Guislain Bécu, Anthony Bosse, François Bourrin, J. Alexander Brearley, Yi Chao, Sue Chen, Jacopo Chiggiato, Laurent Coppola, Richard Crout, James Cummings, Beth Curry, Ruth Curry, Richard Davis, Kruti Desai, Steve DiMarco, Catherine Edwards, Sophie Fielding, Ilker Fer, Eleanor Frajka-Williams, Hezi Gildor, Gustavo Goni, Dimitri Gutierrez, Peter Haugan, David Hebert, Joleen Heiderich, Stephanie Henson, Karen Heywood, Patrick Hogan, Loïc Houpert, Sik Huh, Mark E. Inall, Masso Ishii, Shin-ichi Ito, Sachihiko Itoh, Sen Jan, Jan Kaiser, Johannes Karstensen, Barbara Kirkpatrick, Jody Klymak, Josh Kohut, Gerd Krahmann, Marjolaine Krug, Sam McClatchie, Frédéric Marin, Elena Mauri, Avichal Mehra, Michael P. Meredith, Thomas Meunier, Travis Miles, Julio M. Morell, Laurent Mortier, Sarah Nicholson, Joanne O'Callaghan, Diarmuid O'Conchubhair, Peter Oke, Enric Pallàs-Sanz, Matthew Palmer, JongJin Park, Leonidas Perivoliotis, Pierre-Marie Poulain, Ruth Perry, Bastien Queste, Luc Rainville, Eric Rehm, Moninya Roughan, Nicholas Rome, Tetjana Ross, Simon Ruiz, Grace Saba, Amandine Schaeffer, Martha Schönau, Katrin Schroeder, Yugo Shimizu, Bernadette M. Sloyan, David Smeed, Derrick Snowden, Yumi Song, Sebastian Swart, Miguel Tenreiro, Andrew Thompson, Joaquin Tintore, Robert E. Todd, Cesar Toro, Hugh Venables, Taku Wagawa, Stephanie Waterman, Roy A. Watlington, and Doug Wilson

Subjects
in situ ocean observing systems, gliders, boundary currents, storms, water transformation, ocean data management, Science, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5
Published
2021
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7. OceanGliders: A Component of the Integrated GOOS

Author

Pierre Testor, Brad de Young, Daniel L. Rudnick, Scott Glenn, Daniel Hayes, Craig M. Lee, Charitha Pattiaratchi, Katherine Hill, Emma Heslop, Victor Turpin, Pekka Alenius, Carlos Barrera, John A. Barth, Nicholas Beaird, Guislain Bécu, Anthony Bosse, François Bourrin, J. Alexander Brearley, Yi Chao, Sue Chen, Jacopo Chiggiato, Laurent Coppola, Richard Crout, James Cummings, Beth Curry, Ruth Curry, Richard Davis, Kruti Desai, Steve DiMarco, Catherine Edwards, Sophie Fielding, Ilker Fer, Eleanor Frajka-Williams, Hezi Gildor, Gustavo Goni, Dimitri Gutierrez, Peter Haugan, David Hebert, Joleen Heiderich, Stephanie Henson, Karen Heywood, Patrick Hogan, Loïc Houpert, Sik Huh, Mark E. Inall, Masso Ishii, Shin-ichi Ito, Sachihiko Itoh, Sen Jan, Jan Kaiser, Johannes Karstensen, Barbara Kirkpatrick, Jody Klymak, Josh Kohut, Gerd Krahmann, Marjolaine Krug, Sam McClatchie, Frédéric Marin, Elena Mauri, Avichal Mehra, Michael P. Meredith, Thomas Meunier, Travis Miles, Julio M. Morell, Laurent Mortier, Sarah Nicholson, Joanne O'Callaghan, Diarmuid O'Conchubhair, Peter Oke, Enric Pallàs-Sanz, Matthew Palmer, JongJin Park, Leonidas Perivoliotis, Pierre-Marie Poulain, Ruth Perry, Bastien Queste, Luc Rainville, Eric Rehm, Moninya Roughan, Nicholas Rome, Tetjana Ross, Simon Ruiz, Grace Saba, Amandine Schaeffer, Martha Schönau, Katrin Schroeder, Yugo Shimizu, Bernadette M. Sloyan, David Smeed, Derrick Snowden, Yumi Song, Sebastian Swart, Miguel Tenreiro, Andrew Thompson, Joaquin Tintore, Robert E. Todd, Cesar Toro, Hugh Venables, Taku Wagawa, Stephanie Waterman, Roy A. Watlington, and Doug Wilson

Subjects
in situ ocean observing systems, gliders, boundary currents, storms, water transformation, ocean data management, Science, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5
Abstract

The OceanGliders program started in 2016 to support active coordination and enhancement of global glider activity. OceanGliders contributes to the international efforts of the Global Ocean Observation System (GOOS) for Climate, Ocean Health, and Operational Services. It brings together marine scientists and engineers operating gliders around the world: (1) to observe the long-term physical, biogeochemical, and biological ocean processes and phenomena that are relevant for societal applications; and, (2) to contribute to the GOOS through real-time and delayed mode data dissemination. The OceanGliders program is distributed across national and regional observing systems and significantly contributes to integrated, multi-scale and multi-platform sampling strategies. OceanGliders shares best practices, requirements, and scientific knowledge needed for glider operations, data collection and analysis. It also monitors global glider activity and supports the dissemination of glider data through regional and global databases, in real-time and delayed modes, facilitating data access to the wider community. OceanGliders currently supports national, regional and global initiatives to maintain and expand the capabilities and application of gliders to meet key global challenges such as improved measurement of ocean boundary currents, water transformation and storm forecast.

Published
2019
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8. Challenges for Sustained Observing and Forecasting Systems in the Mediterranean Sea

Author

Joaquín Tintoré, Nadia Pinardi, Enrique Álvarez-Fanjul, Eva Aguiar, Diego Álvarez-Berastegui, Marco Bajo, Rosa Balbin, Roberto Bozzano, Bruno Buongiorno Nardelli, Vanessa Cardin, Benjamin Casas, Miguel Charcos-Llorens, Jacopo Chiggiato, Emanuela Clementi, Giovanni Coppini, Laurent Coppola, Gianpiero Cossarini, Alan Deidun, Salud Deudero, Fabrizio D'Ortenzio, Aldo Drago, Massimiliano Drudi, Ghada El Serafy, Romain Escudier, Patrick Farcy, Ivan Federico, Juan Gabriel Fernández, Christian Ferrarin, Cristina Fossi, Constantin Frangoulis, Francois Galgani, Slim Gana, Jesús García Lafuente, Marcos García Sotillo, Pierre Garreau, Isaac Gertman, Lluis Gómez-Pujol, Alessandro Grandi, Daniel Hayes, Jaime Hernández-Lasheras, Barak Herut, Emma Heslop, Karim Hilmi, Melanie Juza, George Kallos, Gerasimos Korres, Rita Lecci, Paolo Lazzari, Pablo Lorente, Svitlana Liubartseva, Ferial Louanchi, Vlado Malacic, Gianandrea Mannarini, David March, Salvatore Marullo, Elena Mauri, Lorinc Meszaros, Baptiste Mourre, Laurent Mortier, Cristian Muñoz-Mas, Antonio Novellino, Dominique Obaton, Alejandro Orfila, Ananda Pascual, Sara Pensieri, Begoña Pérez Gómez, Susana Pérez Rubio, Leonidas Perivoliotis, George Petihakis, Loic Petit de la Villéon, Jenny Pistoia, Pierre-Marie Poulain, Sylvie Pouliquen, Laura Prieto, Patrick Raimbault, Patricia Reglero, Emma Reyes, Paz Rotllan, Simón Ruiz, Javier Ruiz, Inmaculada Ruiz, Luis Francisco Ruiz-Orejón, Baris Salihoglu, Stefano Salon, Simone Sammartino, Agustín Sánchez Arcilla, Antonio Sánchez-Román, Gianmaria Sannino, Rosalia Santoleri, Rafael Sardá, Katrin Schroeder, Simona Simoncelli, Sarantis Sofianos, Georgios Sylaios, Toste Tanhua, Anna Teruzzi, Pierre Testor, Devrim Tezcan, Marc Torner, Francesco Trotta, Georg Umgiesser, Karina von Schuckmann, Giorgia Verri, Ivica Vilibic, Mustafa Yucel, Marco Zavatarelli, and George Zodiatis

Subjects
observing and forecasting systems, sustained observations, ocean variability, FAIR data, climate, operational services, Science, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5
Abstract

The Mediterranean community represented in this paper is the result of more than 30 years of EU and nationally funded coordination, which has led to key contributions in science concepts and operational initiatives. Together with the establishment of operational services, the community has coordinated with universities, research centers, research infrastructures and private companies to implement advanced multi-platform and integrated observing and forecasting systems that facilitate the advancement of operational services, scientific achievements and mission-oriented innovation. Thus, the community can respond to societal challenges and stakeholders needs, developing a variety of fit-for-purpose services such as the Copernicus Marine Service. The combination of state-of-the-art observations and forecasting provides new opportunities for downstream services in response to the needs of the heavily populated Mediterranean coastal areas and to climate change. The challenge over the next decade is to sustain ocean observations within the research community, to monitor the variability at small scales, e.g., the mesoscale/submesoscale, to resolve the sub-basin/seasonal and inter-annual variability in the circulation, and thus establish the decadal variability, understand and correct the model-associated biases and to enhance model-data integration and ensemble forecasting for uncertainty estimation. Better knowledge and understanding of the level of Mediterranean variability will enable a subsequent evaluation of the impacts and mitigation of the effect of human activities and climate change on the biodiversity and the ecosystem, which will support environmental assessments and decisions. Further challenges include extending the science-based added-value products into societal relevant downstream services and engaging with communities to build initiatives that will contribute to the 2030 Agenda and more specifically to SDG14 and the UN's Decade of Ocean Science for sustainable development, by this contributing to bridge the science-policy gap. The Mediterranean observing and forecasting capacity was built on the basis of community best practices in monitoring and modeling, and can serve as a basis for the development of an integrated global ocean observing system.

Published
2019
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9. What We Have Learned From the Framework for Ocean Observing: Evolution of the Global Ocean Observing System

Author

Toste Tanhua, Andrea McCurdy, Albert Fischer, Ward Appeltans, Nicholas Bax, Kim Currie, Brad DeYoung, Daniel Dunn, Emma Heslop, Linda K. Glover, John Gunn, Katherine Hill, Masao Ishii, David Legler, Eric Lindstrom, Patricia Miloslavich, Tim Moltmann, Glenn Nolan, Artur Palacz, Samantha Simmons, Bernadette Sloyan, Leslie M. Smith, Neville Smith, Maciej Telszewski, Martin Visbeck, and John Wilkin

Subjects
ocean observing, governance, framework for ocean observing, sustainable development, multi-disciplinary, international, Science, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5
Abstract

The Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) and its partners have worked together over the past decade to break down barriers between open-ocean and coastal observing, between scientific disciplines, and between operational and research institutions. Here we discuss some GOOS successes and challenges from the past decade, and present ideas for moving forward, including highlights of the GOOS 2030 Strategy, published in 2019. The OceanObs’09 meeting in Venice in 2009 resulted in a remarkable consensus on the need for a common set of guidelines for the global ocean observing community. Work following the meeting led to development of the Framework for Ocean Observing (FOO) published in 2012 and adopted by GOOS as a foundational document that same year. The FOO provides guidelines for the setting of requirements, assessing technology readiness, and assessing the usefulness of data and products for users. Here we evaluate successes and challenges in FOO implementation and consider ways to ensure broader use of the FOO principles. The proliferation of ocean observing activities around the world is extremely diverse and not managed, or even overseen by, any one entity. The lack of coherent governance has resulted in duplication and varying degrees of clarity, responsibility, coordination and data sharing. GOOS has had considerable success over the past decade in encouraging voluntary collaboration across much of this broad community, including increased use of the FOO guidelines and partly effective governance, but much remains to be done. Here we outline and discuss several approaches for GOOS to deliver more effective governance to achieve our collective vision of fully meeting society’s needs. What would a more effective and well-structured governance arrangement look like? Can the existing system be modified? Do we need to rebuild it from scratch? We consider the case for evolution versus revolution. Community-wide consideration of these governance issues will be timely and important before, during and following the OceanObs’19 meeting in September 2019.

Published
2019
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10. The Joint IOC (of UNESCO) and WMO Collaborative Effort for Met-Ocean Services

Author

Nadia Pinardi, Johan Stander, David M. Legler, Kevin O'Brien, Tim Boyer, Tom Cuff, Pierre Bahurel, Mathieu Belbeoch, Sergey Belov, Shelby Brunner, Eugene Burger, Thierry Carval, Denis Chang-Seng, Etienne Charpentier, S. Ciliberti, Giovanni Coppini, Albert Fischer, Eric Freeman, Champika Gallage, Hernan Garcia, Lydia Gates, Zhiqiang Gong, Juliet Hermes, Emma Heslop, Sarah Grimes, Katherine Hill, Kevin Horsburgh, Athanasia Iona, Sebastien Mancini, Neal Moodie, Mathieu Ouellet, Peter Pissierssens, Paul Poli, Roger Proctor, Neville Smith, Charles Sun, Val Swail, Jonathan Turton, and Yue Xinyang

Subjects
marine meteorology and oceanography, global ocean observing networks, data management, ocean services, capacity development, Science, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5
Abstract

The WMO-IOC Joint Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM) has devised a coordination mechanism for the fit-for-purpose delivery of an end-to-end system, from ocean observations to met-ocean operational services. This paper offers a complete overview of the activities carried out by JCOMM and the status of the achievements up to 2018. The JCOMM stakeholders consist of the research and operational institutions of WMO members and the IOC member states, which mandated JCOMM to devise an international strategy to move toward the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The three areas of activity are the Observation Program Area (OPA), the Data Management Program Area (DMPA) and the Services and Forecasting Services Program Area (SFSPA), and several expert teams have been established to contribute to the international coordination efforts. OPA is organized into observing networks connected by different observing technologies, DMPA organizes the overall near-real time and delayed mode data assembly, and the delivery methodology and architecture, and the SFSPA coordinates the met-ocean services resulting from the observations and data management. Future developments should enhance coordination in these three program areas by considering the inclusion of new and emergent observing technologies, the interoperability of met-ocean data assembly centers and the establishment of efficient research to operations protocols, in addition to better fit-for-purpose customized services in both the public and private sectors.

Published
2019
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11. Evolving and Sustaining Ocean Best Practices and Standards for the Next Decade

Author

Jay Pearlman, Mark Bushnell, Laurent Coppola, Johannes Karstensen, Pier Luigi Buttigieg, Francoise Pearlman, Pauline Simpson, Michele Barbier, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Cristian Munoz-Mas, Peter Pissierssens, Cyndy Chandler, Juliet Hermes, Emma Heslop, Reyna Jenkyns, Eric P. Achterberg, Manuel Bensi, Henry C. Bittig, Jerome Blandin, Julie Bosch, Bernard Bourles, Roberto Bozzano, Justin J. H. Buck, Eugene F. Burger, Daniel Cano, Vanessa Cardin, Miguel Charcos Llorens, Andrés Cianca, Hua Chen, Caroline Cusack, Eric Delory, Rene Garello, Gabriele Giovanetti, Valerie Harscoat, Susan Hartman, Robert Heitsenrether, Simon Jirka, Ana Lara-Lopez, Nadine Lantéri, Adam Leadbetter, Giuseppe Manzella, Joan Maso, Andrea McCurdy, Eric Moussat, Manolis Ntoumas, Sara Pensieri, George Petihakis, Nadia Pinardi, Sylvie Pouliquen, Rachel Przeslawski, Nicholas P. Roden, Joe Silke, Mario N. Tamburri, Hairong Tang, Toste Tanhua, Maciej Telszewski, Pierre Testor, Julie Thomas, Christoph Waldmann, and Fred Whoriskey

Subjects
best practices, sustainability, interoperability, digital repository, peer review, ocean observing, Science, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5
Abstract

The oceans play a key role in global issues such as climate change, food security, and human health. Given their vast dimensions and internal complexity, efficient monitoring and predicting of the planet’s ocean must be a collaborative effort of both regional and global scale. A first and foremost requirement for such collaborative ocean observing is the need to follow well-defined and reproducible methods across activities: from strategies for structuring observing systems, sensor deployment and usage, and the generation of data and information products, to ethical and governance aspects when executing ocean observing. To meet the urgent, planet-wide challenges we face, methods across all aspects of ocean observing should be broadly adopted by the ocean community and, where appropriate, should evolve into “Ocean Best Practices.” While many groups have created best practices, they are scattered across the Web or buried in local repositories and many have yet to be digitized. To reduce this fragmentation, we introduce a new open access, permanent, digital repository of best practices documentation (oceanbestpractices.org) that is part of the Ocean Best Practices System (OBPS). The new OBPS provides an opportunity space for the centralized and coordinated improvement of ocean observing methods. The OBPS repository employs user-friendly software to significantly improve discovery and access to methods. The software includes advanced semantic technologies for search capabilities to enhance repository operations. In addition to the repository, the OBPS also includes a peer reviewed journal research topic, a forum for community discussion and a training activity for use of best practices. Together, these components serve to realize a core objective of the OBPS, which is to enable the ocean community to create superior methods for every activity in ocean observing from research to operations to applications that are agreed upon and broadly adopted across communities. Using selected ocean observing examples, we show how the OBPS supports this objective. This paper lays out a future vision of ocean best practices and how OBPS will contribute to improving ocean observing in the decade to come.

Published
2019
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12. New technologies for marine research: five years of glider activities at IMEDEA

Author

Simón Ruiz, Bartolomé Garau, Miguel Martínez-Ledesma, Benjamín Casas, Ananda Pascual, Guillermo Vizoso, Jérôme Bouffard, Emma Heslop, Alberto Alvarez, Pierre Testor, and Joaquín Tintoré

Subjects
autonomous underwater vehicles, ocean observing system, upper ocean mesoscale processes, balearic sea, Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling, SH1-691
Abstract

This paper summarizes the glider activities carried out in the last 5 years by the IMEDEA Department of Marine Technologies, Operational Oceanography and Sustainability (TMOOS). TMOOS has been operating gliders in the Western Mediterranean Sea since 2006 and has set-up electronic and maintenance laboratories in order to establish a key glider port in the area. Twenty-two glider missions have been performed to date and over 17000 hydrographic and biogeochemical profiles collected. TMOOS is using gliders for operational, technological and scientific objectives. Studies of path planning analysis and adaptive sampling for gliders in combination with other platforms have been undertaken and new methodologies have been developed to process data from gliders. Thus far, IMEDEA gliders have contributed to the better understanding of mesoscale processes in the upper ocean, including the coupling between the physical and biogeochemical process of the marine ecosystem and, in combination with remote sensing observations, high-resolution glider data has enabled advances in new methodologies to improve coastal altimetry. Gliders have also proved to be important platforms for the development of operational oceanography tools and useful vehicles on which to test and implement new sensors for ocean monitoring.

Published
2012
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13. Effects of the Pandemic on Observing the Global Ocean

Author

Tim Boyer, Huai-Min Zhang, Kevin O’Brien, James Reagan, Stephen Diggs, Eric Freeman, Hernan Garcia, Emma Heslop, Patrick Hogan, Boyin Huang, Li-Qing Jiang, Alex Kozyr, Chunying Liu, Ricardo Locarnini, Alexey V. Mishonov, Christopher Paver, Zhankun Wang, Melissa Zweng, Simone Alin, Leticia Barbero, John A. Barth, Mathieu Belbeoch, Just Cebrian, Kenneth J. Connell, Rebecca Cowley, Dmitry Dukhovskoy, Nancy R. Galbraith, Gustavo Goni, Fred Katz, Martin Kramp, Arun Kumar, David M. Legler, Rick Lumpkin, Clive R. McMahon, Denis Pierrot, Albert J. Plueddemann, Emily A. Smith, Adrienne Sutton, Victor Turpin, Long Jiang, V. Suneel, Rik Wanninkhof, Robert A. Weller, and Annie P. S. Wong

Subjects
Atmospheric Science
Abstract

The years since 2000 have been a golden age in in situ ocean observing with the proliferation and organization of autonomous platforms such as surface drogued buoys and subsurface Argo profiling floats augmenting ship-based observations. Global time series of mean sea surface temperature and ocean heat content are routinely calculated based on data from these platforms, enhancing our understanding of the ocean’s role in Earth’s climate system. Individual measurements of meteorological, sea surface, and subsurface variables directly improve our understanding of the Earth system, weather forecasting, and climate projections. They also provide the data necessary for validating and calibrating satellite observations. Maintaining this ocean observing system has been a technological, logistical, and funding challenge. The global COVID-19 pandemic, which took hold in 2020, added strain to the maintenance of the observing system. A survey of the contributing components of the observing system illustrates the impacts of the pandemic from January 2020 through December 2021. The pandemic did not reduce the short-term geographic coverage (days to months) capabilities mainly due to the continuation of autonomous platform observations. In contrast, the pandemic caused critical loss to longer-term (years to decades) observations, greatly impairing the monitoring of such crucial variables as ocean carbon and the state of the deep ocean. So, while the observing system has held under the stress of the pandemic, work must be done to restore the interrupted replenishment of the autonomous components and plan for more resilient methods to support components of the system that rely on cruise-based measurements.

Published
2023

15. The Impact of New Multi-platform Observing Systems in Science, Technology Development and Response to Society Needs; from Small to Large Scales...

Author

Joaquín Tintoré, Benjamín Casas, Emma Heslop, Guillermo Vizoso, Ananda Pascual, Alejandro Orfila, Simon Ruiz, Lionel Renault, Melanie Juzà, Pau Balaguer, Lluís Gómez-Pujol, Amaya álvarez-Ellacuria, Sonia Gómara, Kristian Sebastian, Sebastián Lora, Joan Pau Beltrán, David March, Romain Escudier, Miguel Martínez-Ledesma, Marc Torner, Simó Cusí, David Roque, Irene Lizarán, Carlos Castilla, Tomeu Cañellas, Aránzazu Lana, Daniel Conti, Juan Manuel Sayol, Evan Mason, Bàrbara Barceló-Llull, Francisco Alemany, Diego álvarez-Berastegui, Patricia Reglero, Enric Massuti, Pedro Vélez-Belchí, Javier Ruiz, Temel Oguz, Marta Gómez, Enrique Alvarez, Luís Ansorena, and Mario Manriquez

Published
2013
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16. Marine Life 2030: building global knowledge of marine life for local action in the Ocean Decade

Author

Frank E Muller-Karger, Gabrielle Canonico, Claudia Baron Aguilar, Nicholas J Bax, Ward Appeltans, Kristen Yarincik, Venus Leopardas, Isabel Sousa-Pinto, Masahiro Nakaoka, Akkeshi Aikappu, Jonatha Giddens, Emma Heslop, Enrique Montes, and J Emmett Duffy

Subjects
Ecology, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Marine Life 2030 is a programme endorsed by the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (the Ocean Decade) to establish a globally coordinated system that delivers knowledge of ocean life to those who need it, promoting human well-being, sustainable development, and ocean conservation. It is an open network to unite existing and new programmes into a co-designed, global framework to share information on methods, standards, observations, and applications. Goals include realizing interoperable information and transforming the observation and forecasting of marine life for the benefit of all people. Co-design, sharing local capacity, and coordination between users of ocean resources across regions is fundamental to enable sustainable use and conservation. A novel, bottom-up networking structure is now engaging members of the ocean community to address local issues, with Marine Life 2030 facilitating the linkage between groups across different regions to meet the challenges of the Ocean Decade. A variety of metrics, including those proposed by the Group on Earth Observations, will be used to track the success of the co-design process.

Published
2022

19. Marine Plastics EOV and common sampling protocol

Author

Artur Palacz, Maciej Telszewski, Toste Tanhua, and Emma Heslop

Abstract

This deliverable describes the process of establishing global coordination for sustained observations of marine plastics litter as a new type of Essential Ocean Variable (EOV) addressing the aspect of observing human impacts on the ocean. The document reports on the EuroSea efforts to implement a community vision for an Integrated Marine Debris Observing System (IMDOS) as a new element of the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS). First version of the Marine Plastics Litter EOV Specification Sheet is included. Progress towards establishing common sampling protocols for marine plastic litter in Europe and beyond are described.

Published
2022

20. Maps and metrics on observing systems and metadata

Author

Victor Turpin, Emma Heslop, Toste Tanhua, Thierry Carval, and Sylvie Pouliquen

Abstract

A review of the existing reporting tools about Regional Ocean Observing Systems and perspective toward future European Ocean Observing System monitoring and reporting services.

Published
2022

21. Report on policies in foresight in OO - Report on initiatives, strategies and roadmaps that contribute to foresight in ocean observation

Author

Angel Muniz Piniella, Sheila J. J. Heymans, Toste Tanhua, Inga Lips, Emma Heslop, Erik van Doorn, and Urmas Lips

Subjects
14. Life underwater, Hardware_CONTROLSTRUCTURESANDMICROPROGRAMMING, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries)
Abstract

Identifying existing initiatives in foresight in ocean observation, emerging strategies and roadmaps.

Published
2021

22. Value chains in public marine data

Author

James Jolliffe, C. F. Postlethwaite, Emma Heslop, and Claire Jolly

Subjects
Value (ethics), Marine conservation, Work (electrical), Weather forecasting, Key (cryptography), Public policy, Port management, Business, Fisheries management, computer.software_genre, computer, Environmental planning, GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Marine data play a crucial role for many scientific disciplines, as well as for very diverse operational services such as fisheries management, environmental planning, marine conservation, weather forecasting, or port management. The information derived from marine data is also increasingly finding its way into a wide and varied range of public policy arenas and private industries. Collecting, distributing and archiving public marine data provide benefits to society at large, however as with all public investments, assessments are needed to provide evidence to decision makers. Based on an original survey of UK marine data users, this paper explores pathways through which marine data are used and transformed into actionable information, creating systematised value chains for the first time. The analysis unveils trends in current marine data uses in the UK and key benefits of data uses. The paper lays the foundations for further OECD work with the marine data community.

Published
2021

23. Data and information for a sustainably used ocean

Author

Linwood H. Pendleton, Karina von Schuckmann, Yoshihisa Shirayama, Kirsten Isensee, Emma Heslop, Sergey Belov, Yutaka Michida, Mathieu Belbeoch, Benjamin Pfeil, Paula Cristina Sierra-Correa, and John Bemiasa

Subjects
business.industry, Environmental resource management, Sustainability, Environmental science, business
Published
2021

24. Abrupt warming and salinification of intermediate waters interplays with decline of deep convection in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea

Author

Félix Margirier, Xavier Durrieu de Madron, Laurent Mortier, Anthony Bosse, Loïc Houpert, Baptiste Mourre, Pierre Testor, Emma Heslop, Vincent Taillandier, Laurent Coppola, Fabrizio D'Ortenzio, Patrick Raimbault, Katia Mallil, Marie-Noëlle Bouin, Louis Marie Prieur, Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Variabilité de l'Océan et de la Glace de mer (VOG), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Oceanography Centre [Southampton] (NOC), University of Southampton, Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditérranéens (CEFREM), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SOCIB Balearic Islands Coastal Ocean Observing and Forecasting System, Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Convection, Mediterranean climate, Multidisciplinary, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 010505 oceanography, Climate change, Stratification (water), Structural basin, 01 natural sciences, Article, Salinity, Mediterranean sea, Oceanography, Ocean sciences, 13. Climate action, Hotspot (geology), [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 14. Life underwater, Geology, Climate sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

The Mediterranean Sea is a hotspot for climate change, and recent studies have reported its intense warming and salinification. In this study, we use an outstanding dataset relying mostly on glider endurance lines but also on other platforms to track these trends in the northwestern Mediterranean where deep convection occurs. Thanks to a high spatial coverage and a high temporal resolution over the period 2007–2017, we observed the warming (+0.06 $$^\circ$$ ∘ C year$$^{-1}$$ - 1 ) and salinification (+0.012 year$$^{-1}$$ - 1 ) of Levantine Intermediate Water (LIW) in the Ligurian Sea. These rates are similar to those reported closer to its formation area in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Further downstream, in the Gulf of Lion, the intermediate heat and salt content were exported to the deep layers from 2009 to 2013 thanks to deep convection processes. In 2014, a LIW step of +0.3 $$^\circ$$ ∘ C and +0.08 in salinity could be observed concomitant with a weak winter convection. Warmer and more saline LIW subsequently accumulated in the northwestern basin in the absence of intense deep convective winters until 2018. Deep stratification below the LIW thus increased, which, together with the air–sea heat fluxes intensity, constrained the depth of convection. A key prognostic indicator of the intensity of deep convective events appears to be the convection depth of the previous year.

Published
2020
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25. Gene Therapy in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Identifying and preparing for the challenges ahead

Author

Emma Heslop, Anna Irvin, Francesco Muntoni, Volker Straub, Michela Guglieri, and C. Turner

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Genetic enhancement, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Pharmacy, Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Spoke-hub distribution paradigm, Stage (cooking), Intensive care medicine, Genetics (clinical), business.industry, Gene Therapy, medicine.disease, Collaboration, Follow up care, Clinical trial, 030104 developmental biology, Neurology, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Neurology (clinical), Workshop Report, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Barriers
Abstract

Highlights • Despite the burden of gene therapy trials for DMD patients there is great enthusiasm. • Collaborating with relevant bodies (pharmacy) at an early stage can accelerate progress. • A hub and spoke model may be an option for delivering clinical trials and follow up care.

Published
2020

26. Guidance in Social and Ethical Issues Related to Clinical, Diagnostic Care and Novel Therapies for Hereditary Neuromuscular Rare Diseases: 'Translating' the Translational

Author

Pauline McCormack, Simon Woods, Annemieke Aartsma-Rus, Lynn Hagger, Agnes Herczegfalvi, Emma Heslop, Joseph Irwin, Janbernd Kirschner, Patrick Moeschen, Francesco Muntoni, Marie-Christine Ouillade, Jes Rahbek, Christoph Rehmann-Sutter, Francoise Rouault, Thomas Sejersen, Elizabeth Vroom, Volker Straub, Kate Bushby, and Alessandra Ferlini

Published
2020

28. Evolving and Sustaining Ocean Best Practices and Standards for the Next Decade

Author

Peter Pissierssens, Rene Garello, Mark Bushnell, Pier Luigi Buttigieg, Nadia Pinardi, Reyna Jenkyns, Eric P. Achterberg, Roberto Bozzano, Miguel Charcos Llorens, Ana Lara-Lopez, George Petihakis, Eric Moussat, Andres Cianca, Adam Leadbetter, Fred Whoriskey, Pierre Testor, Manuel Bensi, Julie Bosch, Sylvie Pouliquen, Francoise Pearlman, Emma Heslop, Bernard Bourlès, Christoph Waldmann, E. Delory, Simon Jirka, Mario N. Tamburri, Jay Pearlman, Manolis Ntoumas, Giuseppe Manzella, Rachel Przeslawski, Caroline Cusack, Henry C. Bittig, Vanessa Cardin, Eugene Burger, Laurent Coppola, Juliet Hermes, Toste Tanhua, Joan Masó, Valerie Harscoat, Julie Thomas, Cristian Munoz-Mas, Jerome Blandin, Gabriele Giovanetti, Maciej Telszewski, Justin J. H. Buck, Daniel Cano, Hua Chen, C. L. Chandler, Johannes Karstensen, Robert Heitsenrether, Hairong Tang, Nicholas P. Roden, Andrea McCurdy, Joe Silke, Sara Pensieri, Pauline Simpson, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Susan E. Hartman, Nadine Lanteri, Michele Barbier, IEEE, Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), Mediterranean Science Commission, University of South Florida [Tampa] (USF), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avancats (IMEDEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS BREST), Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR065, Centre de Télédétection et d'Analyse des Milieux Naturels (CTAMN), Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Wuhan Technology and Business University, Lab-STICC_TB_CID_TOMS, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 52North Initiative for Geospatial Open Source Software GmbH (52°N), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Marine Institute [Oranmore], ETT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Consortium for Ocean Leadership, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Leibniz-Institut für Meereswissenschaften (IFM-GEOMAR), Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Variabilité de l'Océan et de la Glace de mer (VOG), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARM), University of Bremen, European Project: 633211,H2020,H2020-BG-2014-2,AtlantOS(2015), European Project: 654310,H2020,H2020-INFRASUPP-2014-2,ODIP 2(2015), European Project: 730960, SeaDataCloud(2016), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Pearlman J., Bushnell M., Coppola L., Karstensen J., Buttigieg P.L., Pearlman F., Simpson P., Barbier M., Muller-Karger F.E., Munoz-Mas C., Pissierssens P., Chandler C., Hermes J., Heslop E., Jenkyns R., Achterberg E.P., Bensi M., Bittig H.C., Blandin J., Bosch J., Bourles B., Bozzano R., Buck J.J., Burger E.F., Cano D., Cardin V., Llorens M.C., Cianca A., Chen H., Cusack C., Delory E., Garello R., Giovanetti G., Harscoat V., Hartman S., Heitsenrether R., Jirka S., Lara-Lopez A., Lanteri N., Leadbetter A., Manzella G., Maso J., McCurdy A., Moussat E., Ntoumas M., Pensieri S., Petihakis G., Pinardi N., Pouliquen S., Przeslawski R., Roden N.P., Silke J., Tamburri M.N., Tang H., Tanhua T., Telszewski M., Testor P., Thomas J., Waldmann C., and Whoriskey F.

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, lcsh:QH1-199.5, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Computer science, Best practice, Interoperability, Ontologie, interoperability, Ocean Engineering, lcsh:General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Market fragmentation, Documentation, Ontologies, best practices, ontologies, 14. Life underwater, lcsh:Science, digital repository, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], ocean observing, Global and Planetary Change, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Scale (chemistry), Methodologie, sustainability, Ocean observing, Data science, Digital repository, Sustainability, 13. Climate action, Software deployment, Semantic technology, lcsh:Q, Methodologies, methodologies
Abstract

The oceans play a key role in global issues such as climate change, food security, and human health. Given their vast dimensions and internal complexity, efficient monitoring and predicting of the planet’s ocean must be a collaborative effort of both regional and global scale. A first and foremost requirement for such collaborative ocean observing is the need to follow well-defined and reproducible methods across activities: from strategies for structuring observing systems, sensor deployment and usage, and the generation of data and information products, to ethical and governance aspects when executing ocean observing. To meet the urgent, planet-wide challenges we face, methods across all aspects of ocean observing should be broadly adopted by the ocean community and, where appropriate, should evolve into “Ocean Best Practices.” While many groups have created best practices, they are scattered across the Web or buried in local repositories and many have yet to be digitized. To reduce this fragmentation, we introduce a new open access, permanent, digital repository of best practices documentation (oceanbestpractices.org) that is part of the Ocean Best Practices System (OBPS). The new OBPS provides an opportunity space for the centralized and coordinated improvement of ocean observing methods. The OBPS repository employs user-friendly software to significantly improve discovery and access to methods. The software includes advanced semantic technologies for search capabilities to enhance repository operations. In addition to the repository, the OBPS also includes a peer reviewed journal research topic, a forum for community discussion and a training activity for use of best practices. Together, these components serve to realize a core objective of the OBPS, which is to enable the ocean community to create superior methods for every activity in ocean observing from research to operations to applications that are agreed upon and broadly adopted across communities. Using selected ocean observing examples, we show how the OBPS supports this objective. This paper lays out a future vision of ocean best practices and how OBPS will contribute to improving ocean observing in the decade to come.

Published
2019

29. Characterization of changes in Western Intermediate Water properties enabled by an innovative geometry-based detection approach

Author

John T. Allen, Emma Heslop, Joaquín Tintoré, Romain Escudier, Baptiste Mourre, Mélanie Juza, and Manuel Vargas-Yáñez

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Convection, Western Intermediate Water, Water mass, Western Intermediate, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Advection, WaterGeometry-based detection, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Temperature salinity diagrams, Glider, Geometry, Changes in water mass properties, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Western Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean sea, Gliders and numerical simulation, Thermohaline circulation, Hydrography, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Geometry-based detection
Abstract

Hydrographic changes in the western Mediterranean Sea (WMED), which is connected to the North Atlantic through the Strait of Gibraltar, may affect the global ocean thermohaline circulation. The Western Intermediate Water (WIW) is a regional water mass which is formed through winter convection processes in the north WMED. The variations of WIW characteristics are hardly detectable by the conventional criterion as defined in the literature and have been poorly addressed. This study introduces an innovative geometry-based method to properly detect WIW. New insights into changes in WIW properties are obtained by applying this method to glider data in the Ibiza Channel and numerical simulation in the whole WMED. Seasonal and interannual variations as well as positive trends in temperature and salinity leading to negative trend in density are highlighted in the Balearic Sea and Gulf of Lion. The basin-scale simulation also shows the spatio-temporal variability of WIW characteristics in the WMED under the influence of the location of formation site, local and regional atmospheric fluctuations, vertical mixing, horizontal advection and mixing with surrounding waters.

Published
2019

30. SOCIB integrated multi-platform ocean observing and forecasting: from ocean data to sector-focused delivery of products and services

Author

Lluís Gómez-Pujol, David March, Baptiste Mourre, Paz Rotllan, Joaquín Tintoré, Glenn Nolan, Dominique Durand, Diego Álvarez-Berastegui, Benjamín Casas, Biel Fontera, Emma Heslop, and European Commission

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, ocean forecasting, ocean variability, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Ocean forecasting, Environmental resource management, Oceanography, Ocean observing, 01 natural sciences, ocean data products, Mediterranean sea, 13. Climate action, ocean observing stakeholders, Mediterranean Sea, Environmental science, ComputerSystemsOrganization_SPECIAL-PURPOSEANDAPPLICATION-BASEDSYSTEMS, 14. Life underwater, business, Multi platform, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

In the last 10 years, new monitoring and modelling technologies have emerged allowing real-time observation and forecasting of the coastal ocean at regional and local scales. These technologies are at the core of multi-platform integrated observing and forecasting systems, such as the Balearic Islands Coastal Ocean Observing and Forecasting System (SOCIB). New capabilities to characterise the state of the ocean and its variability at finer spatial and temporal scales are emerging, supporting science and products for society. SOCIB has a well-defined mission to deliver ocean observing for the benefit of science and society. From initiation in 2010, SOCIB has provided high-quality, free and open data. In order to increase our utility, we developed a Products and Services Strategy rooted in business best practice. Ten sectors–groups of users with common data needs–were identified, for which SOCIB has information and knowledge of high value. Dedicated products were developed in cooperation with the end-users: beach lifeguards/managers and sustainable marine resources managers. We illustrate an integrative approach, combining business concepts with collaborative software development methodologies and ocean observing science, to turn ocean observations and forecasts into products and services, with benefits for society in the sustainable blue economy era., Also, the JERICO-NEXT EU-FP7 Project and EUROGOOS for their focus on ocean data products and the AtlantOS EU-FP7 Project and the OECD Ocean Economy Group for their focus on understanding the value of ocean data.

Published
2019

31. Challenges for Sustained Observing and Forecasting Systems in the Mediterranean Sea

Author

Emma Heslop, Javier Ruiz, François Galgani, Pablo Lorente, Ferial Louanchi, Pierre Testor, Susana Pérez Rubio, Romain Escudier, Alejandro Orfila, Roberto Bozzano, Georg Umgiesser, George Petihakis, Marc Torner, Sara Pensieri, Patrick Raimbault, George Zodiatis, Mélanie Juza, Patrick Farcy, Baris Salihoglu, David March, Simona Simoncelli, Daniel J. Hayes, Simón Ruiz, Paolo Lazzari, Giorgia Verri, Francesco Trotta, Loic Petit De La Villeon, Emanuela Clementi, Benjamín Casas, Joaquín Tintoré, D. Obaton, Constantin Frangoulis, Marco Bajo, Miguel Charcos-Llorens, Gianandrea Mannarini, Antonio Sánchez-Román, Vlado Malačič, Patricia Reglero, Edgar G. Pavia, Elena Mauri, Juan Gabriel Fernández, Rosalia Santoleri, Paz Rotllan, Svitlana Liubartseva, Toste Tanhua, Sylvie Pouliquen, Laurent Coppola, Gianpiero Cossarini, Leonidas Perivoliotis, Bruno Buongiorno Nardelli, Cristian Munoz-Mas, Diego Álvarez-Berastegui, Laurent Mortier, Antonio Novellino, Isaac Gertman, Luis F. Ruiz-Orejón, Slim Gana, Jacopo Chiggiato, Gerasimos Korres, Aldo Drago, Pierre-Marie Poulain, Inmaculada Ruiz, Eva Aguiar, Marcos García Sotillo, Katrin Schroeder, Gianmaria Sannino, Anna Teruzzi, Jesús García Lafuente, Baptiste Mourre, Ivica Vilibić, Karina von Schuckmann, Lorinc Meszaros, Emma Reyes, Marco Zavatarelli, Lluís Gómez-Pujol, Simone Sammartino, George Kallos, Jaime Hernandez-Lasheras, Vanessa Cardin, Enrique Álvarez-Fanjul, Rosa Balbin, Karim Hilmi, Massimiliano Drudi, Devrim Tezcan, Alan Deidun, Pierre Garreau, Sarantis Sofianos, Alessandro Grandi, Barak Herut, Cristina Fossi, Stefano Salon, Ghada El Serafy, J. Pistoia, Begoña Pérez Gómez, Giovanni Coppini, Salvatore Marullo, Rafael Sardá, Mustafa Yücel, Fabrizio D'Ortenzio, Laura Prieto, Salud Deudero, Agustín Sánchez Arcilla, Rita Lecci, Georgios Sylaios, Ivan Federico, Ananda Pascual, Christian Ferrarin, Nadia Pinardi, Tintore, J., Pinardi, N., Alvarez-Fanjul, E., Aguiar, E., Alvarez-Berastegui, D., Bajo, M., Balbin, R., Bozzano, R., Nardelli, B. B., Cardin, V., Casas, B., Charcos-Llorens, M., Chiggiato, J., Clementi, E., Coppini, G., Coppola, L., Cossarini, G., Deidun, A., Deudero, S., D'Ortenzio, F., Drago, A., Drudi, M., El Serafy, G., Escudier, R., Farcy, P., Federico, I., Fernandez, J. G., Ferrarin, C., Fossi, C., Frangoulis, C., Galgani, F., Gana, S., Garcia Lafuente, J., Sotillo, M. G., Garreau, P., Gertman, I., Gomez-Pujol, L., Grandi, A., Hayes, D., Hernandez-Lasheras, J., Herut, B., Heslop, E., Hilmi, K., Juza, M., Kallos, G., Korres, G., Lecci, R., Lazzari, P., Lorente, P., Liubartseva, S., Louanchi, F., Malacic, V., Mannarini, G., March, D., Marullo, S., Mauri, E., Meszaros, L., Mourre, B., Mortier, L., Munoz-Mas, C., Novellino, A., Obaton, D., Orfila, A., Pascual, A., Pensieri, S., Perez Gomez, B., Perez Rubio, S., Perivoliotis, L., Petihakis, G., de la Villeon, L. P., Pistoia, J., Poulain, P. -M., Pouliquen, S., Prieto, L., Raimbault, P., Reglero, P., Reyes, E., Rotllan, P., Ruiz, S., Ruiz, J., Ruiz, I., Ruiz-Orejon, L. F., Salihoglu, B., Salon, S., Sammartino, S., Sanchez Arcilla, A., Sanchez-Roman, A., Sannino, G., Santoleri, R., Sarda, R., Schroeder, K., Simoncelli, S., Sofianos, S., Sylaios, G., Tanhua, T., Teruzzi, A., Testor, P., Tezcan, D., Torner, M., Trotta, F., Umgiesser, G., von Schuckmann, K., Verri, G., Vilibic, I., Yucel, M., Zavatarelli, M., Zodiatis, G., Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avancats (IMEDEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), University of Bologna/Università di Bologna, SOCIB Balearic Islands Coastal Ocean Observing and Forecasting System, Istituto di Scienze Marine [Bologna] (ISMAR), Istituto di Science Marine (ISMAR ), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Cyprus Oceanography Center, University of Cyprus [Nicosia] (UCY), Variabilité de l'Océan et de la Glace de mer (VOG), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Oceanogràfic de les Balears [Palma, Spain] (COB), Instituto Espagňol de Oceanografia (IEO), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), University of Bologna, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), University of Cyprus (UCY), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Civil i Ambiental, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. LIM/UPC - Laboratori d'Enginyeria Marítima, Tintore J., Pinardi N., Alvarez-Fanjul E., Aguiar E., Alvarez-Berastegui D., Bajo M., Balbin R., Bozzano R., Nardelli B.B., Cardin V., Casas B., Charcos-Llorens M., Chiggiato J., Clementi E., Coppini G., Coppola L., Cossarini G., Deidun A., Deudero S., D'Ortenzio F., Drago A., Drudi M., El Serafy G., Escudier R., Farcy P., Federico I., Fernandez J.G., Ferrarin C., Fossi C., Frangoulis C., Galgani F., Gana S., Garcia Lafuente J., Sotillo M.G., Garreau P., Gertman I., Gomez-Pujol L., Grandi A., Hayes D., Hernandez-Lasheras J., Herut B., Heslop E., Hilmi K., Juza M., Kallos G., Korres G., Lecci R., Lazzari P., Lorente P., Liubartseva S., Louanchi F., Malacic V., Mannarini G., March D., Marullo S., Mauri E., Meszaros L., Mourre B., Mortier L., Munoz-Mas C., Novellino A., Obaton D., Orfila A., Pascual A., Pensieri S., Perez Gomez B., Perez Rubio S., Perivoliotis L., Petihakis G., de la Villeon L.P., Pistoia J., Poulain P.-M., Pouliquen S., Prieto L., Raimbault P., Reglero P., Reyes E., Rotllan P., Ruiz S., Ruiz J., Ruiz I., Ruiz-Orejon L.F., Salihoglu B., Salon S., Sammartino S., Sanchez Arcilla A., Sanchez-Roman A., Sannino G., Santoleri R., Sarda R., Schroeder K., Simoncelli S., Sofianos S., Sylaios G., Tanhua T., Teruzzi A., Testor P., Tezcan D., Torner M., Trotta F., Umgiesser G., von Schuckmann K., Verri G., Vilibic I., Yucel M., Zavatarelli M., and Zodiatis G.

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Science with and for society, Service (systems architecture), lcsh:QH1-199.5, Nature observation, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Climate, SDG's, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Operations research -- Case studies, sustained observations, 11. Sustainability, observing and forecasting system, Observing and forecasting systems, lcsh:Science, Water Science and Technology, Global and Planetary Change, Enginyeria agroalimentària::Ciències de la terra i de la vida::Climatologia i meteorologia [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], SDG', observing and forecasting systems, ocean variability, FAIR data, climate, operational services, science with and for society, Prediction theory, Climatology -- Data processing, Environmental resource management, Seawater -- Mediterranean Region, operational service, Operational services, Variety (cybernetics), Mediterranean Sea--Climate, Ocean variability, Quantitative research -- Evaluation, Mediterrània, Mar -- Aspectes ambientals, Ocean observations, SDG’s, Best practice, Climate change, Ocean Engineering, lcsh:General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, Aquatic Science, Sustained observations, 12. Responsible consumption, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Downstream (petroleum industry), Sustainable development, Ensemble forecasting, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Enginyeria civil::Enginyeria hidràulica, marítima i sanitària::Ports i costes [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], 13. Climate action, lcsh:Q, observing and forecasting systems, sustained observations, ocean variability, FAIR data, climate, operational services, science with and for society, SDG’s, Business
Abstract

Este artículo contiene 30 páginas, 14 figuras., The Mediterranean community represented in this paper is the result of more than 30 years of EU and nationally funded coordination, which has led to key contributions in science concepts and operational initiatives. Together with the establishment of operational services, the community has coordinated with universities, research centers, research infrastructures and private companies to implement advanced multi-platform and integrated observing and forecasting systems that facilitate the advancement of operational services, scientific achievements and mission-oriented innovation. Thus, the community can respond to societal challenges and stakeholders needs, developing a variety of fit-for-purpose services such as the Copernicus Marine Service. The combination of state-of-the-art observations and forecasting provides new opportunities for downstreamservices in response to the needs of the heavily populatedMediterranean coastal areas and to climate change. The challenge over the next decade is to sustain ocean observations within the research community, to monitor the variability at small scales, e.g., the mesoscale/submesoscale, to resolve the sub-basin/seasonal and inter-annual variability in the circulation, and thus establish the decadal variability, understand and correct the model-associated biases and to enhance model-data integration and ensemble forecasting for uncertainty estimation. Better knowledge and understanding of the level ofMediterranean variability will enable a subsequent evaluation of the impacts and mitigation of the effect of human activities and climate change on the biodiversity and the ecosystem, which will support environmental assessments and decisions. Further challenges include extending the science-based added-value products into societal relevant downstream services and engaging with communities to build initiatives that will contribute to the 2030 Agenda and more specifically to SDG14 and the UN’s Decade of Ocean Science for sustainable development, by this contributing to bridge the science-policy gap. The Mediterranean observing and forecasting capacity was built on the basis of community best practices in monitoring and modeling, and can serve as a basis for the development of an integrated global ocean observing system.

Published
2019

33. SOCIB operational ocean forecasting system and multi-platform validation in the Western Mediterranean Sea

Author

Biel Frontera, Benjamín Casas, Kristian Sebastian, Sebastián Lora, Sonia Gómara, Joaquín Tintoré, Emma Heslop, Romain Escudier, Marc Torner, Bartolomé Garau, Guillermo Vizoso, Mélanie Juza, Charles Troupin, Baptiste Mourre, Lionel Renault, Joan Pau Beltran, and La Caixa

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Balearic islands, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Ocean forecasting, government.political_district, Operational forecasting, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Mediterranean sea, Climatology, government, Environmental science, Multi platform, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

This paper describes the high-resolution Western Mediterranean Sea Operational Forecasting System (WMOP) developed at the Balearic Islands Coastal Observing and Forecasting System (SOCIB). The system runs on a daily basis driven by high-resolution atmospheric forcing, providing 3-day forecasts of physical oceanic variables with a 2 km horizontal resolution, thus representing the ocean variability from mesoscale to basin scale from the Gibraltar Strait to the Sardinia Channel. A systematic regional monitoring and validation system has been developed using multi-platform observations, allowing the evaluation of both the overall realism of the predictions and the specific errors in each sub-basin., This paper is a contribution to Medclic program, a collaboration between “la Caixa” Foundation and SOCIB.

Published
2016

35. Glider data collected during the Algerian Basin Circulation Unmanned Survey from 2014 to 2016

Author

Ananda Pascual, Giorgio Budillon, Marc Torner Tomas, Simón Ruiz, Giannetta Fusco, Emma Heslop, Joaquín Tintoré, Antonio Sánchez Román, Giuseppe Aulicino, and Yuri Cotroneo

Subjects
Water mass, Oceanography, Water column, Mediterranean sea, Temperature salinity diagrams, Glider, Mesoscale meteorology, Structural basin, Transect, Geology
Abstract

We present data collected in the framework of the Algerian BAsin Circulation Unmanned Survey - ABACUS project. ABACUS main objective is the monitoring of the basin circulation and of the surface and intermediate water masses physical and biological properties in a key region of the Mediterranean Sea circulation. Data have been collected through deep glider cruises in the Western Mediterranean Sea during the autumns of 2014, 2015 and 2016. Glider missions were realized in the Algerian Basin, between the Island of Mallorca and the Algerian Coast. Across the three glider missions, eight repeated transects were obtained which enabled us to investigate the basin scale circulation and the presence of mesoscale structures utilising both the adaptive sampling capabilities of the gliders and the higher resolution of the data. After collection, all data passed a quality control procedure and were then made available through an unrestricted repository at https://doi.org/10.25704/b200-3vf5. The actual dataset spans three fall seasons, providing an important contribution to the data collection in the chronically undersampled Algerian Basin. Temperature and salinity data collected in the first 975 m of the water column allowed us to identify the main water masses and describe their characteristics improving the understanding of the dynamics of the region. On the time scale of the project, data show a large variability at the surface layer and reduced variability at the intermediate and deep layers. Our measurements have been successfully compared to data previously collected in the area from 1909 to 2011. Results showed similar overall distribution, ranges and variability as the historical data, with no outliers in the surface or deep layers.

Published
2018

36. Overview of Fine-scale Multiplatform Experiments in the Southwest Mediterranean Sea: Lessons Learnt in the Last Five Years

Author

Ananda Pascual, Simon Ruiz, Antonio Sánchez-Román, Laura Gomez-Navarro, Bàrbara Barceló-Llull, Lara Díaz-Barroso, Pierre Chabert, Eugenio Cutolo, Mara Amelia, Emma Heslop, Benjamin Casas, Marc Torner, Baptiste Mourre, Eva Alou, Yuri Cotroneo, Guiseppe Aulicino, Evan Mason, Amala Mahadevan, Joaquín Tintoré, Francesco d'Ovidio, Ronan Fablet, John Allen, Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avancats (IMEDEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), Department of Global Change Research, Institut Mediterrani d´Estudis Avançats (IMEDEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados (CSIC-UIB) (IMEDEA), Sistema d’observació i predicció costaner de les Illes Balears (.) (SOCIB), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Processus et interactions de fine échelle océanique (PROTEO), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Lab-STICC_IMTA_CID_TOMS, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Département Signal et Communications (IMT Atlantique - SC), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), and IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique)

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, remote sensing, altimetry, Mediterranean Sea, multiplatform experiments, gliders, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

38. The RD-Connect Registry & Biobank Finder: a tool for sharing aggregated data and metadata among rare disease researchers

Author

Claudio Carta, Paola Torreri, Vanessa Rangel Miller, Domenica Taruscio, Federico de Paulis, Estrella López Martín, Dorota Mazena Badowska, Marco Roos, Chiuhui Mary Wang, Sabina Gainotti, Mark Thompson, Mirella Filocamo, Marina Mora, Heimo Mueller, Hanns Lochmüller, Robert Reihs, Yllka Kodra, Lucia Monaco, Emma Heslop, Yaffa R. Rubinstein, Manuel Posada de la Paz, Unión Europea, Unión Europea. Comisión Europea, European Union, and European Commission

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Biomedical Research, Databases, Factual, Patients, Computer science, Genomic data, Interoperability, Information Dissemination, Sample (statistics), 030105 genetics & heredity, 03 medical and health sciences, Resource (project management), Rare Diseases, Genetics, Humans, Registries, Genetics (clinical), Biological Specimen Banks, Metadata, Computational Biology, Genomics, Data science, Biobank, 3. Good health
Abstract

In rare disease (RD) research, there is a huge need to systematically collect biomaterials, phenotypic, and genomic data in a standardized way and to make them findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable (FAIR). RD-Connect is a 6 years global infrastructure project initiated in November 2012 that links genomic data with patient registries, biobanks, and clinical bioinformatics tools to create a central research resource for RDs. Here, we present RD-Connect Registry & Biobank Finder, a tool that helps RD researchers to find RD biobanks and registries and provide information on the availability and accessibility of content in each database. The finder concentrates information that is currently sparse on different repositories (inventories, websites, scientific journals, technical reports, etc.), including aggregated data and metadata from participating databases. Aggregated data provided by the finder, if appropriately checked, can be used by researchers who are trying to estimate the prevalence of a RD, to organize a clinical trial on a RD, or to estimate the volume of patients seen by different clinical centers. The finder is also a portal to other RD-Connect tools, providing a link to the RD-Connect Sample Catalogue, a large inventory of RD biological samples available in participating biobanks for RD research. There are several kinds of users and potential uses for the RD-Connect Registry & Biobank Finder, including researchers collaborating with academia and the industry, dealing with the questions of basic, translational, and/or clinical research. As of November 2017, the finder is populated with aggregated data for 222 registries and 21 biobanks. This work has been supported by the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/20072013) under grant agreements no. 305444 (RD-Connect). RD-Connect has a main role in funding authors contributing to the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscrip. NeurOmics (no. 305121, http://rd-neuromics.eu/) and EURenOmics (no. 305608, http://www.eurenomics.eu/) have had mainly a role of data providers, since several registries participating to the Registry & Biobank Finder collaborate with the two projects. We thank ODEX4all (NWO 650.002.002), ELIXIR funded through participating member states, and ELIXIR-EXCELERATE funded through the European Commission within the Research Infrastructures Programme of Horizon 2020 (grant agreement number 676559) for collaborating to the study design and software development especially with a view to interoperability with other systems (MR, MT). MF and MM are funded by Fondazione Telethon (Project GTB12001; Telethon Network of Genetic Biobanks). Sí

Published
2018

39. Sentinel‐3A Views Ocean Variability More Accurately at Finer Resolution

Author

Ananda Pascual, Emma Heslop, Yannice Faugère, Antonio Sánchez-Román, D. Rodríguez, Krissy Reeve, and M. Raynal

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Synthetic aperture radar, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Resolution (electron density), Mode (statistics), Glider, 01 natural sciences, Geophysics, Section (archaeology), Satellite altimetry, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, 14. Life underwater, Altimeter, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing
Abstract

This is the first multiplatform evaluation involving data from the new Sentinel-3A altimeter. An experiment was undertaken in the Algerian Basin, employing an ocean glider and a ship mission, along the same track and synchronous with an overpass of the Sentinel-3A mission. This provided three independent views of the ocean velocity field, along a section that encompassed three different oceanographic regimes. The results demonstrate the capacity of Sentinel-3A to retrieve fine-scale oceanographic features (~20 km). The intercomparison with in situ platforms showed a significant improvement, order 30% in resolution and 42% in velocity accuracy using a synthetic aperture radar mode with respect to lower-resolution mode of conventional altimetry. In addition, the three-platform view provided valuable insight into the variability of evolving oceanographic features, in an area of the Mediterranean that remains chronically under sampled.

Published
2017

41. A toolbox for glider data processing and management

Author

Bartolomé Garau, Emma Heslop, John T. Allen, Marc Torner, Joan Pau Beltran, Charles Troupin, Joaquín Tintoré, Simón Ruiz, and European Commission

Subjects
Processing toolbox, Engineering, Data processing, Glider data, business.industry, Process (engineering), Data management, Glider, Ocean Engineering, Thermal Lag, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, computer.software_genre, Observing systems, Toolbox, Gliders, Scripting language, Autonomous underwater vehicles, Raw data, business, Software engineering, computer, Computer hardware, Data integration
Abstract

We present a complete set of freely available MATLAB/Octave scripts called the SOCIB Glider Toolbox (https://github.com/socib/glider_toolbox). This new toolbox automates glider data processing functions, including thermal lag correction, quality control and graphical outputs. While the scientific value of the glider platform has been proven, the experience for the glider data user is far from perfect or routine. Over the last 10 years, ocean gliders have evolved such that they are now considered as a core component of multi-platform observing systems and multi-disciplinary process studies; we now have a generic processing system that appropriately complements glider capability.In an ideal world, a simple connection to a glider would provide oceanographic data ready for scientific application in an intuitive, familiar format; the reality has been somewhat different. Up till now users have faced several time-consuming tasks that prevent them from directly and efficiently extracting new oceanographic knowledge from the acquired data. The SOCIB glider toolbox covers all stages of the data management process, including: metadata aggregation, raw data download, data processing, data correction and the automatic generation of data products and figures. It is designed to be operated either in real-time or in delayed mode, and to process data from two of the most widely used and commercially exploited glider platforms, Slocum gliders and SeaGliders. The SOCIB glider toolbox is ready to accelerate glider data integration and promote oceanographic discovery., The development of the toolbox benefited from the Perseus FP7 project

Published
2015

42. The TREAT-NMD advisory committee for therapeutics (TACT): an innovative de-risking model to foster orphan drug development

Author

Emma, Heslop, Cristina, Csimma, Volker, Straub, John, McCall, Kanneboyina, Nagaraju, Kathryn R, Wagner, Didier, Caizergues, Rudolf, Korinthenberg, Kevin M, Flanigan, Petra, Kaufmann, Elizabeth, McNeil, Jerry, Mendell, Sharon, Hesterlee, Dominic J, Wells, Kate, Bushby, and Neurology

Subjects
Orphan Drug Production, Advisory Committees, Drug development, Review, Tact, Orphan drug, Rare Diseases, Animals, Humans, Medicine, Genetics(clinical), Pharmacology (medical), Position Statement, De-risking, Genetics (clinical), Repurposing, Medicine(all), Medical education, business.industry, Clinical study design, Neuromuscular Diseases, General Medicine, Neuromuscular disease, United States, Clinical trial, business, Rare disease
Abstract

Despite multiple publications on potential therapies for neuromuscular diseases (NMD) in cell and animal models only a handful reach clinical trials. The ability to prioritise drug development according to objective criteria is particularly critical in rare diseases with large unmet needs and a limited numbers of patients who can be enrolled into clinical trials. TREAT-NMD Advisory Committee for Therapeutics (TACT) was established to provide independent and objective guidance on the preclinical and development pathway of potential therapies (whether novel or repurposed) for NMD. We present our experience in the establishment and operation of the TACT. TACT provides a unique resource of recognized experts from multiple disciplines. The goal of each TACT review is to help the sponsor to position the candidate compound along a realistic and well-informed plan to clinical trials, and eventual registration. The reviews and subsequent recommendations are focused on generating meaningful and rigorous data that can enable clear go/no-go decisions and facilitate longer term funding or partnering opportunities. The review process thereby acts to comment on viability, de-risking the process of proceeding on a development programme. To date TACT has held 10 review meeting and reviewed 29 program applications in several rare neuromuscular diseases: Of the 29 programs reviewed, 19 were from industry and 10 were from academia; 15 were for novel compounds and 14 were for repurposed drugs; 16 were small molecules and 13 were biologics; 14 were preclinical stage applications and 15 were clinical stage applications. 3 had received Orphan drug designation from European Medicines Agency and 3 from Food and Drug Administration. A number of recurrent themes emerged over the course of the reviews and we found that applicants frequently require advice and education on issues concerned with preclinical standard operating procedures, interactions with regulatory agencies, formulation, repurposing, clinical trial design, manufacturing and ethics. Over the 5 years since its establishment TACT has amassed a body of experience that can be extrapolated to other groups of rare diseases to improve the community’s chances of successfully bringing new rare disease drugs to registration and ultimately to market.

Published
2015

43. DMD HUB: Expanding clinical trial capacity for Duchenne muscular dystrophy in the UK

Author

Emma Heslop, Becky Davis, A. Johnson, M. Guglieri, E. Crossley, Chris Turner, K. Bushby, and V. Straub

Subjects
Clinical trial, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Neurology, business.industry, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, medicine, Neurology (clinical), business, medicine.disease, Genetics (clinical)
Published
2017

44. JERICO FP7 (G.A. 262584) - D4.5: Running costs of coastal observatories

Author

Naomi Greenwood, Dave Sivyer, Stefania Sparnocchia, John Howarth, David Hydes, Bengt Karlson, Carlos Hernandez, Emma Heslop, Manolis Ntoumas, Begoña Begoña Pérez Gómez, Kaitala Seppo, Caterina Fanara, Glenn Nolan, Wilhelm Petersen, and Lieven Naudts

Subjects
Coastal observatories, actual costs
Abstract

Long term sustained marine observing systems are required to help understand and predict changes in the world's seas and oceans. The cost of setting up and operating such systems can be significant. This report examines the costs associated with setting up and running fixed platforms, Ferrybox systems, gliders and calibration laboratories, compiled using questionnaire replies returned from JERICO partners. The costs for gliders (section 4.3) are taken directly from Tintoré et al., 2013 (Annexe 2) which were complied through a joint exercise with GROOM. There was a large variability in costs between laboratories reflecting the different types of platforms and parameters being measured. Initial investment costs are greater for glider fleets (EUR222,545 in 2011) and Ferrybox systems (EUR110,298) than for fixed platforms (EUR86,526). Ongoing total annual running costs for a glider fleet (EUR184,014 excluding investment in 2011) and fixed platforms (EUR139,358) exceed those of Ferrybox systems (EUR90,529). This analysis of costs has shown that a large proportion of the total annual running costs (27%) of fixed platforms is associated with boat charter. Collaborative working such as under the Eurofleets project (http://www.eurofleets.eu/np4/63) may give the opportunity to reduce these costs and maximise efficiency.

Published
2014

45. Illustration of the emerging capabilities of SARAL/AltiKa in the coastal zone using a multiplatform approach

Author

Ananda Pascual, Emma Heslop, Guillaume Valladeau, Marc Torner, Charles Troupin, Arancha Lana, Simón Ruiz, Joaquín Tintoré, Isabelle Pujol, Nicolas Picot, Govern de les Illes Balears, and European Commission

Subjects
Dynamic height, Atmospheric Science, Meteorology, Ocean Gliders, Temperature salinity diagrams, Aerospace Engineering, law.invention, Ibiza Channel, law, Radar Altimetry, Mesoscale eddies, 14. Life underwater, Altimeter, Radar, Northwestern Mediterranean Sea, Remote sensing, HF radar, Glider, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Ocean surface topography, Geophysics, Space and Planetary Science, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Satellite, Geostrophic wind, Geology
Abstract

© 2014 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Satellite altimetry measurements from SARALAltiKa are analysed in the coastal ocean using the results of the GAltiKa mission (15 August 2013), which combined altimeter, HF radar and glider data coincident with the satellite track, southwest of Ibiza Island, in the Western Mediterranean Sea. The absolute dynamic topography, computed from 1 Hz and 40 Hz altimetry data, and the dynamic height, computed from glider temperature and salinity, both exhibited a weak signal with amplitudes of order 2 cm. The resulting geostrophic and HF radar velocities along the track depicted a northwestward coastal current with a maximal velocity larger than 20 cm s1. This demonstrates that the AltiKa altimeter is able to resolve SLA signals of more than 2 cm, and gradients in those signals over several tens of kilometres. After filtering, the 40 Hz data depicted a signal consistent with the other platforms, up to a distance of order 10 km from the coast, SARAL IGDR are produced by CNES SPA Team as part of the SSALTO ground processing segment, and distributed by AVISO, with support from CNES SALP project. GAltiKa experiment was carried out in the frame of MyOcean2 EU FP7 funded project, with substantial support from SOCIB. Glider operations were partially funded by JERICO and PERSEUS FP7 projects. Additional funding from the Local Government of the Balearic Islands (CAIB51/ 2011 Grant) is also acknowledged. C. Troupin postdoctoral position was funded by MyOcean2 EU FP7 project

Published
2014

46. Guidance in social and ethical issues related to clinical, diagnostic care and novel therapies for hereditary neuromuscular rare diseases: 'translating' the translational

Author

Simon Woods, Annemieke Aartsma-Rus, Kate Bushby, Emma Heslop, Lynn Hagger, Elizabeth Vroom, Alessandra Ferlini, Volker Straub, Janbernd Kirschner, Francesco Muntoni, Thomas Sejersen, Pauline McCormack, Jes Rahbek, Joseph Irwin, Francoise Rouault, Christoph Rehmann-Sutter, Agnes Herczegfalvi, Marie-Christine Ouillade, and Patrick Moeschen

Subjects
Patients' rights, medicine.medical_specialty, Terms of reference, Computer science, education, Equity (finance), Alternative medicine, Medicine (miscellaneous), Context (language use), Orphan drug, Resource (project management), Informed consent, medicine, Engineering ethics, Muscular Dystrophy
Abstract

Drug trials in children engage with many ethical issues, from drug-related safety concerns to communication with patients and parents, and recruitment and informed consent procedures. This paper addresses the field of neuromuscular disorders where the possibility of genetic, mutation-specific treatments, has added new complexity. Not only must trial design address issues of equity of access, but researchers must also think through the implications of adopting a personalised medicine approach, which requires a precise molecular diagnosis, in addition to other implications of developing orphan drugs. It is against this background of change and complexity that the Project Ethics Council (PEC) was established within the TREAT-NMD EU Network of Excellence. The PEC is a high level advisory group that draws upon the expertise of its interdisciplinary membership which includes clinicians, lawyers, scientists, parents, representatives of patient organisations, social scientists and ethicists. In this paper we describe the establishment and terms of reference of the PEC, give an indication of the range and depth of its work and provide some analysis of the kinds of complex questions encountered. The paper describes how the PEC has responded to substantive ethical issues raised within the TREAT-NMD consortium and how it has provided a Abstract Drug trials in children engage with many ethical issues, from drug-related safety concerns to communication with patients and parents, and recruitment and informed consent procedures. This paper addresses the field of neuromuscular disorders where the possibility of genetic, mutation-specific treatments, has added new complexity. Not only must trial design address issues of equity of access, but researchers must also think through the implications of adopting a personalised medicine approach, which requires a precise molecular diagnosis, in addition to other implications of developing orphan drugs. It is against this background of change and complexity that the Project Ethics Council (PEC) was established within the TREAT-NMD EU Network of Excellence. The PEC is a high level advisory group that draws upon the expertise of its interdisciplinary membership which includes clinicians, lawyers, scientists, parents, representatives of patient organisations, social scientists and ethicists. In this paper we describe the establishment and terms of reference of the PEC, give an indication of the range and depth of its work and provide some analysis of the kinds of complex questions encountered. The paper describes how the PEC has responded to substantive ethical issues raised within the TREAT-NMD consortium and how it has provided a Abstract Drug trials in children engage with many ethical issues, from drug-related safety concerns to communication with patients and parents, and recruitment and informed consent procedures. This paper addresses the field of neuromuscular disorders where the possibility of genetic, mutation-specific treatments, has added new complexity. Not only must trial design address issues of equity of access, but researchers must also think through the implications of adopting a personalised medicine approach, which requires a precise molecular diagnosis, in addition to other implications of developing orphan drugs. It is against this background of change and complexity that the Project Ethics Council (PEC) was established within the TREAT-NMD EU Network of Excellence. The PEC is a high level advisory group that draws upon the expertise of its interdisciplinary membership which includes clinicians, lawyers, scientists, parents, representatives of patient organisations, social scientists and ethicists. In this paper we describe the establishment and terms of reference of the PEC, give an indication of the range and depth of its work and provide some analysis of the kinds of complex questions encountered. The paper describes how the PEC has responded to substantive ethical issues raised within the TREAT-NMD consortium and how it has provided a wider resource for any concerned parent, patient, or clinician to ask a question of ethical concern. Issues raised range from science related ethical issues, issues related to hereditary neuromuscular diseases and the new therapeutic approaches and questions concerning patients rights in the context of patient registries and bio

Published
2013

47. The Impact of New Multi-platform Observing Systems in Science, Technology Development and Response to Society Needs; from Small to Large Scales

Author

Simó Cusí, Lionel Renault, Benjamín Casas, Francisco Alemany, Emma Heslop, Aránzazu Lana, Bàrbara Barceló-Llull, Daniel Conti, Carlos Castilla, Marta Gómez, Joaquín Tintoré, Romain Escudier, Alejandro Orfila, Javier Ruiz, Juan Manuel Sayol, Pau Balaguer, Marc Torner, Kristian Sebastian, Joan Pau Beltran, Patricia Reglero, Luís Ansorena, Irene Lizarán, Ananda Pascual, David Roque, Evan Mason, Miguel Martínez-Ledesma, Temel Oguz, Enric Massutí, Enrique Luna Álvarez, Lluís Gómez-Pujol, Mélanie Juza, Diego Álvarez-Berastegui, Mario Manriquez, David March, Simón Ruiz, Tomeu Cañellas, Sebastián Lora, Guillermo Vizoso, Sonia Gómara, Pedro Vélez-Belchí, and Amaya Álvarez-Ellacuria

Subjects
Marine research, Ocean observations, Order (exchange), Computer science, Mesoscale meteorology, Technology development, Data science, Multi platform
Abstract

Tintoré, Joaquín et al., Capítulo en: MORENO-DÍAZ, Roberto; PICHLER, Franz; QUESADA-ARENCIBIA, Alexis (eds.). Computer Aided Systems Theory-EUROCAST 2013 : 14th International Conference, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain, February 10-15, 2013. Revised Selected Papers, Part II. Berlin: Springer, 2013, p.341-348 (Lecture Notes in Computer Science ; 8112), New monitoring technologies are key components of ocean observatories, also called marine research infrastructures being implemented in the worlds oceans. As a result, new capabilities to characterise, in quasi-real time, the ocean state and its variability at small scales exist today. The challenge is the integration of theses multiplatform observing and forecasting systems to (a) monitor the variability at small scales (e.g. mesoscale/weeks) in order to (b) resolve the sub-basin/seasonal and inter-annual variability and by this (c) establish the decadal variability, understand the associated biases and correct them. The challenge is also to change focus and now monitor from small to large scales. SOCIB is leading this new small to large-scale multi-platform approach in ocean observation. Some examples are presented and discussed together with initial ideas on the optimal design of an observational network in the world oceans, responding to science priorities, technology development and response to strategic society needs

Published
2013

48. Nuevas tecnologías para la investigación marina: 5 años de actividades de gliders en el IMEDEA

Author

Emma Heslop, Jerome Bouffard, Bartolomé Garau, Simón Ruiz, Benjamín Casas, Alberto Alvarez, Pierre Testor, Miguel Martínez-Ledesma, Guillermo Vizoso, Ananda Pascual, Joaquín Tintoré, Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avancats (IMEDEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), collaboration with IMEDEA, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)

Subjects
procesos mesoescala capa superficial, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, upper ocean mesoscale processes, Process (engineering), Emerging technologies, SH1-691, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling, Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling, Marine ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, Autonomous underwater vehicles, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, lcsh:SH1-691, sistemas observación océano, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, vehículos autónomos submarinos, 010505 oceanography, ocean observing system, Glider, Port (computer networking), mar Balear, Balearic Sea, Remote sensing (archaeology), Sustainability, Systems engineering, Environmental science, Hydrography
Abstract

This paper summarizes the glider activities carried out in the last 5 years by the IMEDEA Department of Marine Technologies, Operational Oceanography and Sustainability (TMOOS). TMOOS has been operating gliders in the Western Mediterranean Sea since 2006 and has set-up electronic and maintenance laboratories in order to establish a key “glider-port” in the area. Twenty-two glider missions have been performed to date and over 17,000 hydrographic and biogeochemical profiles collected. TMOOS is using gliders for operational, technological and scientific objectives. Studies of path planning analysis and adaptive sampling for gliders in combination with other platforms have been undertaken and new methodologies have been developed to process data from gliders. Thus far, IMEDEA gliders have contributed to the better understanding of mesoscale processes in the upper ocean, including the coupling between the physical and bio-geochemical process of the marine ecosystem and, in combination with remote sensing observations, high resolution glider data has enabled advances in new methodologies to improve coastal altimetry. Gliders have also proved to be important platforms for the development of operational oceanography tools and useful vehicles on which to test and implement new sensors for ocean monitoring.

Published
2012
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49. Autonomous underwater gliders monitoring variability at 'choke points' in our ocean system: a case study in Western Mediterranean Sea

Author

John T. Allen, Emma Heslop, Jose Luis Lopez-Jurado, Simón Ruiz, Lionel Renault, and Joaquín Tintoré

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Western Mediterranean, Water mass, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Underwater glider, gliders, 01 natural sciences, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Mediterranean sea, Mediterranean Sea, 14. Life underwater, Medio Marino, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, Water transport, geography.geographical_feature_category, ocean variability, choke points, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Glider, Choke, Balearic Sea, Geophysics, Oceanography, 13. Climate action, Climatology, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, circulation, Thermohaline circulation, Transports, Oceanic basin
Abstract

Recent data from an autonomous ocean glider in the Ibiza Channel (Western Mediterranean Sea) show variations in the transport volumes of water over timescales of days-weeks, as large as those previously only identifiable as seasonal or eddy driven. High frequency variation in transports of water masses has critical implications for ocean forecasting. Three potential modes of transport are proposed, which have the potential to simplify the previously observed complex pattern of flows. Restricted choke points between ocean basins are critical locations to monitor water transport variability; the Ibiza Channel is one such choke point, where variation in the transports of water masses are known to affect the spawning grounds of commercially important fish stocks. © 2012. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved., This research was partially funded by the European Commission Projects, MyOcean, PERSEUS, and JERICO.

Published
2012

50. Thermal Lag Correction on Slocum CTD Glider Data

Author

Simón Ruiz, Joaquín Tintoré, John Kerfoot, Bartolomé Garau, Weifeng Zhang, Ananda Pascual, and Emma Heslop

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Thermal lag, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 010505 oceanography, Underwater glider, Glider, Ocean Engineering, 01 natural sciences, In situ observations, Data processingStommel, Thermal, Environmental science, CTD, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, Marine engineering
Abstract

El documento aquí auto-archivado proviene del recurso ProQuest., In this work a new methodology is proposed to correct the thermal lag error in data from unpumped CTD sensors installed on Slocum gliders. The advantage of the new approach is twofold: first, it takes into account the variable speed of the glider; and second, it can be applied to CTD profiles from an autonomous platform either with or without a reference cast. The proposed methodology finds values for four correction parameters that minimize the area between two temperature–salinity curves given by two CTD profiles. A field experiment with a Slocum glider and a standard CTD was conducted to test the method. Thermal lag–induced salinity error of about 0.3 psu was found and successfully corrected.

Published
2011

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