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1. Diagnostic Benefits and Surgical Implications of Methods for Tumor Localization in Sigmoid and Rectum Tumors.

Author

Gul, Mehmet Onur, Akcicek, Mehmet, Iflazoglu, Nidal, Corbaci, Kadir, Emir, Cuma Ali, Guzel, Mehmet, and Parsak, Cem Kaan

Subjects
RECTUM tumors, SIGMOID colon, COLON cancer, COMPUTED tomography, COLON tumors, VIRTUAL colonoscopy
Abstract

(1) Background: In our study, we aimed to determine the accuracy rates of imaging methods for sigmoid, rectosigmoid colon, and rectum cancer. (2) Methods: Patients with tumors located in the rectosigmoid colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum who were operated on were included. Upon admission, we examined the patients' first diagnostic colonoscopies and their preoperative repeat control colonoscopies and computed tomography (CT) report. (3) Results: In this study, 23 patients (57.5%) were male. The overall accuracy rates were 80.0% (32/40) in colonoscopy, 65.0% (26/40) in preoperative CT, and 87.5% (35/40) in retro CT, and the differences among the examination methods were statistically significant (p = 0.049). The sensitivity levels decreased to 50.0% for colonoscopy and preoperative CT and 75.0% for retro CT in rectosigmoid colon tumors. In rectal tumors, the sensitivity levels were 75.0% in colonoscopy, 60.0% in preoperative CT, and 80.0% in retro CT. In two patients, the tumor location was given incorrectly, and postoperative pathological evaluations indicated T3N0 tumors; the initially planned treatment was thus changed to include radiotherapy in addition to chemotherapy in the postoperative period because the tumor was located in the middle rectum. (4) Conclusions: Accuracy in tumor localization in sigmoid, rectosigmoid, and rectum tumors still needs to be improved, which could be accomplished with prospective studies. CT evaluations for cancer localization in this patient group should be re-evaluated by a radiologist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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2. Periampulller bölge tümörlerinde mirna'ların rolünün araştırılması

Author

Emir, Cuma Ali, Balık, Ahmet Abdulhalik, Borazan, Ersin, and Genel Cerrahi Anabilim Dalı

Subjects
Micro RNA, Pancreatic neoplasms, General Surgery, Neoplasms, Genetics, Genel Cerrahi, Genetik, Pancreas, Pancreaticoduodenectomy
Abstract

Periampuller bölge tümörlerinin patolojik incelemesi sonucu bu bölge tümörlerinin büyük çoğunluğunun kanser olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Periampuller bölge tümörleri kansere bağlı ölüm nedenleri arasında üst sıralarda yer almaktadır. Ayrıca periampuller bölge kanserlerinde 5 yıllık sağ kalım oranı sadece %6 olup diğer maligniteler içinde en kötü prognoza sahip olanıdır ve muhtemelen, obezite ve diyabet gibi risk faktörlerinin insidansındaki artışa bağlı olarak, pankreas kanseri insidansı da artmaya devam etmektedir. Bu hastalığın tanı ve tedavisinde yeni yaklaşımlar ve yöntemler geliştirilmesine rağmen, hastalığın insidansındaki sürekli artıştan dolayı periampuller bölge kanserleri önemli bir sağlık problemi olmaya devam etmektedir.Periampuller bölge tümörleri etyolojilerinde bir çok etkenin rol aldığı multifaktöryel hastalıklardır. Etyolojide genetik faktörler ve aile öyküsü çok önemli bir yer tutmaktadır.miRNA-196a, miRNA-223 ve miRNA-145 periampuller bölge kanserlerinde etkisi olduğu düşünülen mikroRNA (miRNA)'lardandır. Literatürdeki kısıtlı çalışmalarda periampuller bölge tümörlerinde, normal dokulara göre miRNA-196a ve miRNA-223'ün yüksek, miRNA-145'in ise düşük oranda bulunduğu bildirilmiştir.Bu çalışmada daha önce periampuller bölge tümörü nedeniyle pankreatikoduodenektomi ameliyatı yapılan ve patoloji sonucu adenokarsinom gelen hastaların patoloji spesmenlerinde normal ve tümoral dokulardan alınan örneklerde ayrı ayrı miRNA düzeyleri araştırıldı. Çalışma sonucunda her üç miRNA için de, kanserli dokularda normal dokulara oranla azalma tespit edildi.Periampuller bölge kanserleri için literatürdeki çelişkili sonuçlar göz önüne alındığında bu konuda ek çalışmalara ihtiyaç olduğu görülmektedir. Most of the periampullary tumors have been shown to be malignant. Periampullary cancers are one of the most common causes of cancer related deaths. Furthermore five year survival rate of periampullary cancers is only %6 and have poorer prognosis compared to other gastrointestinal malignancies and their incidance is increasing probably due to increasement of incidance of risk factors like obesity and diabetes. Although there are many developments in diagnosis and treatment, it is still a major health problem because of its increasing incidance.Periampullary tumors are multifactorial diseases that many factors play role in their etiology. Genetic factors and family history are the major factors in etiology.miRNA-196a, miRNA-223 and miRNA-145 are some of micro RNAs that it's been thought to be related with periampullary tumors. According to limited researchs in literature, miRNA-196a and miRNA-223 levels are high while miRNA-145 levels are low in tumor tissues related to normal tissues.In this study, we invastigated the levels of these miRNAs in normal and tumour tissues of the patients which have undergone pancreaticoduodenectomy and had pathologic diagnosis of adenocarcinoma. As a result we found low levels for all three miRNAs in normal tissues compared to cancer tissues.Regarding to contradictory studies in literature, we think that more studies are needed about this micro RNAs and their relationship with periampullary cancers. 62

Published
2016

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