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101 results on '"Elisabeth Oberzaucher"'

1. Art in the city reduces the feeling of anxiety, stress, and negative mood: A field study examining the impact of artistic intervention in urban public space on well-being

Author

Jan Mikuni, Margot Dehove, Linda Dörrzapf, Martin Karl Moser, Bernd Resch, Pia Böhm, Katharina Prager, Nikita Podolin, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, and Helmut Leder

Subjects
Art, Aesthetic experience, Well-being, Field experiment, Urban planning, Human ecology. Anthropogeography, GF1-900, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

Promoting urban well-being is a significant societal task in the context of rapid urbanization. Past research has highlighted that interaction with urban green spaces, such as parks and forests, is key in promoting urban well-being. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the potential in promoting well-being from non-nature elements. In the present study, we explored whether interacting with art could enhance well-being in urban street contexts. In our field experiment, we built two interventions on urban streets, decorating them with either laminated art prints or green elements. We measured subjective and physiological well-being before and after the interaction with the interventions. With this paradigm, we assessed if, not only green, but also artistic interventions can improve well-being. Our results showed that, after interacting with the artistic intervention in an urban environment, the participants reported reduced feelings of anxiety, stress, and negative mood as they did with the green intervention. Further, our results indicate that improvements in well-being were linked to participants’ evaluations of the testing location (restorativeness), of aesthetic quality of the intervention (e.g., beauty, meaningfulness), and of their overall experience (e.g., enjoyment). These findings have significant implications in promoting urban well-being and city planning, as they highlight the potential of art as a novel tool for enhancing urban well-being.

Published
2024
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2. Love and affectionate touch toward romantic partners all over the world

Author

Agnieszka Sorokowska, Marta Kowal, Supreet Saluja, Toivo Aavik, Charlotte Alm, Afifa Anjum, Kelly Asao, Carlota Batres, Aicha Bensafia, Boris Bizumic, Mahmoud Boussena, David M. Buss, Marina Butovskaya, Seda Can, Antonin Carrier, Hakan Cetinkaya, Daniel Conroy-Beam, Rosa María Cueto, Marcin Czub, Seda Dural, Agustín Espinosa, Carla Sofia Esteves, Tomasz Frackowiak, Jorge Contreras-Garduño, Farida Guemaz, Ivana Hromatko, Herak Iskra, Feng Jiang, Konstantinos Kafetsios, Tina Kavcic, Nicolas Kervyn, Nils C. Köbis, Aleksandra Kostić, András Láng, Torun Lindholm, Zoi Manesi, Norbert Meskó, Girishwar Misra, Conal Monaghan, Jean Carlos Natividade, George Nizharadze, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Ariela Francesca Pagani, Vilmante Pakalniskiene, Miriam Parise, Marija Pejičić, Annette Pisanski, Kasia Pisanski, Camelia Popa, Pavol Prokop, Ruta Sargautyte, Shivantika Sharad, Franco Simonetti, Piotr Sorokowski, Michal Mikolaj Stefanczyk, Anna Szagdaj, Meri Tadinac, Karina Ugalde González, Olga Uhryn, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Gyesook Yoo, Maja Zupančič, and Ilona Croy

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Touch is the primary way people communicate intimacy in romantic relationships, and affectionate touch behaviors such as stroking, hugging and kissing are universally observed in partnerships all over the world. Here, we explored the association of love and affectionate touch behaviors in romantic partnerships in two studies comprising 7880 participants. In the first study, we used a cross-cultural survey conducted in 37 countries to test whether love was universally associated with affectionate touch behaviors. In the second study, using a more fine-tuned touch behavior scale, we tested whether the frequency of affectionate touch behaviors was related to love in romantic partnerships. As hypothesized, love was significantly and positively associated with affectionate touch behaviors in both studies and this result was replicated regardless of the inclusion of potentially relevant factors as controls. Altogether, our data strongly suggest that affectionate touch is a relatively stable characteristic of human romantic relationships that is robustly and reliably related to the degree of reported love between partners.

Published
2023
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3. Modernization, collectivism, and gender equality predict love experiences in 45 countries

Author

Piotr Sorokowski, Marta Kowal, Robert J. Sternberg, Toivo Aavik, Grace Akello, Mohammad Madallh Alhabahba, Charlotte Alm, Naumana Amjad, Afifa Anjum, Kelly Asao, Chiemezie S. Atama, Derya Atamtürk Duyar, Richard Ayebare, Daniel Conroy-Beam, Mons Bendixen, Aicha Bensafia, Boris Bizumic, Mahmoud Boussena, David M. Buss, Marina Butovskaya, Seda Can, Antonin Carrier, Hakan Cetinkaya, Ilona Croy, Rosa María Cueto, Marcin Czub, Daria Dronova, Seda Dural, Izzet Duyar, Berna Ertugrul, Agustín Espinosa, Ignacio Estevan, Carla Sofia Esteves, Tomasz Frackowiak, Jorge Contreras Garduño, Karina Ugalde González, Farida Guemaz, Mária Halamová, Iskra Herak, Marina Horvat, Ivana Hromatko, Chin-Ming Hui, Jas Laile Jaafar, Feng Jiang, Konstantinos Kafetsios, Tina Kavčič, Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair, Nicolas Kervyn, Truong Thi Khanh Ha, Imran Ahmed Khilji, Nils C. Köbis, Aleksandra Kostic, Hoang Moc Lan, András Láng, Georgina R. Lennard, Ernesto León, Torun Lindholm, Trinh Thi Linh, Giulia Lopez, Nguyen Van Luot, Alvaro Mailhos, Zoi Manesi, Rocio Martinez, Sarah L. McKerchar, Norbert Meskó, Marija Pejičić, Girishwar Misra, Conal Monaghan, Emanuel C. Mora, Alba Moya-Garófano, Bojan Musil, Jean Carlos Natividade, George Nizharadze, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Mohd Sofian Omar-Fauzee, Ike E. Onyishi, Baris Özener, Ariela Francesca Pagani, Vilmante Pakalniskiene, Miriam Parise, Farid Pazhoohi, Annette Pisanski, Katarzyna Pisanski, Edna Ponciano, Camelia Popa, Pavol Prokop, Muhammad Rizwan, Mario Sainz, Svjetlana Salkičević, Ruta Sargautyte, Ivan Sarmány-Schuller, Susanne Schmehl, Anam Shahid, Shivantika Sharad, Razi Sultan Siddiqui, Franco Simonetti, Meri Tadinac, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Luis Diego Vega, Kathryn V. Walter, Dwi Ajeng Widarini, Gyesook Yoo, Marta Zaťková, Maja Zupančič, and Agnieszka Sorokowska

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Recent cross-cultural and neuro-hormonal investigations have suggested that love is a near universal phenomenon that has a biological background. Therefore, the remaining important question is not whether love exists worldwide but which cultural, social, or environmental factors influence experiences and expressions of love. In the present study, we explored whether countries’ modernization indexes are related to love experiences measured by three subscales (passion, intimacy, commitment) of the Triangular Love Scale. Analyzing data from 9474 individuals from 45 countries, we tested for relationships with country-level predictors, namely, modernization proxies (i.e., Human Development Index, World Modernization Index, Gender Inequality Index), collectivism, and average annual temperatures. We found that mean levels of love (especially intimacy) were higher in countries with higher modernization proxies, collectivism, and average annual temperatures. In conclusion, our results grant some support to the hypothesis that modernization processes might influence love experiences.

Published
2023
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4. Reasons for Facebook Usage: Data From 46 Countries

Author

Marta Kowal, Piotr Sorokowski, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Małgorzata Dobrowolska, Katarzyna Pisanski, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Toivo Aavik, Grace Akello, Charlotte Alm, Naumana Amjad, Afifa Anjum, Kelly Asao, Chiemezie S. Atama, Derya Atamtürk Duyar, Richard Ayebare, Mons Bendixen, Aicha Bensafia, Boris Bizumic, Mahmoud Boussena, David M. Buss, Marina Butovskaya, Seda Can, Katarzyna Cantarero, Antonin Carrier, Hakan Cetinkaya, Daniel Conroy-Beam, Marco A. C. Varella, Rosa M. Cueto, Marcin Czub, Daria Dronova, Seda Dural, Izzet Duyar, Berna Ertugrul, Agustín Espinosa, Ignacio Estevan, Carla S. Esteves, Tomasz Frackowiak, Jorge Contreras-Graduño, Farida Guemaz, Ivana Hromatko, Chin-Ming Hui, Iskra Herak, Jas L. Jaafar, Feng Jiang, Konstantinos Kafetsios, Tina Kavcic, Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair, Nicolas Kervyn, Nils C. Köbis, András Láng, Georgina R. Lennard, Ernesto León, Torun Lindholm, Giulia Lopez, Mohammad Madallh Alhabahba, Alvaro Mailhos, Zoi Manesi, Rocío Martínez, Sarah L. McKerchar, Norbert Meskó, Girishwar Misra, Hoang Moc Lan, Conal Monaghan, Emanuel C. Mora, Alba Moya Garófano, Bojan Musil, Jean C. Natividade, George Nizharadze, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Mohd S. Omar Fauzee, Ike E. Onyishi, Baris Özener, Ariela F. Pagani, Vilmante Pakalniskiene, Miriam Parise, Farid Pazhoohi, Mariia Perun, Annette Pisanski, Nejc Plohl, Camelia Popa, Pavol Prokop, Muhammad Rizwan, Mario Sainz, Svjetlana Salkičević, Ruta Sargautyte, Susanne Schmehl, Oksana Senyk, Rizwana Shaikh, Shivantika Sharad, Franco Simonetti, Meri Tadinac, Truong Thi Khanh Ha, Trinh Thi Linh, Karina Ugalde González, Nguyen Van Luot, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Luis D. Vega, Gyesook Yoo, Stanislava Yordanova Stoyanova, Zainab F. Zadeh, and Maja Zupančič

Subjects
cross-cultural, Facebook, motives, online social network, sex differences, age differences, Psychology, BF1-990
Published
2020
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5. Sex Differences and Similarities in Urban Home Ranges and in the Accuracy of Cognitive Maps

Author

Pia Stephan, Johannes P. M. Jäschke, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, and Karl Grammer

Subjects
Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract

Former research has examined potential human sex differences in spatial abilities or home range size. Both are assumed to have an adaptive function. In this study we combined the investigation of home range size in an urban environment and spatial abilities by accuracy analysis of cognitive maps. Participants ( n = 87) drew a sketch of their home range in Vienna depicting all places regularly visited in every-day life. We used the sketches' geographical locations to calculate the size of the home range. With the Geometric Morphometric Methodology, we quantified the accuracy of cognitive maps by measuring Euclidean distances between corresponding landmarks in the sketches and the geographical maps of home ranges. Our results showed a non-significant trend for men to have a larger home range. Overall, participants' cognitive maps were fairly accurate. However, men sketched their home range more precisely than women. Female map accuracy increased as a function of residency duration. In addition, accuracy of cognitive maps was influenced by home range size and number of frequently visited places. In summary, findings indicate that sex differences in home range size and spatial abilities may still persist in humans living in urbanized Western societies, but are also influenced by environmental experience.

Published
2014
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6. The case of Moulay Ismael--fact or fancy?

Author

Elisabeth Oberzaucher and Karl Grammer

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Textbooks on evolutionary psychology and biology cite the case of the Sharifian Emperor of Morocco, Moulay Ismael the Bloodthirsty (1672-1727) who was supposed to have sired 888 children. This example for male reproduction has been challenged and led to a still unresolved discussion. The scientific debate is shaped by assumptions about reproductive constraints which cannot be tested directly-and the figures used are sometimes arbitrary. Therefore we developed a computer simulation which tests how many copulations per day were necessary to reach the reported reproductive outcome. We based our calculations on a report dating 1704, thus computing whether it was possible to have 600 sons in a reproductive timespan of 32 years. The algorithm is based on three different models of conception and different social and biological constraints. In the first model we used a random mating pool with unrestricted access to females. In the second model we used a restricted harem pool. The results indicate that Moulay Ismael could have achieved this high reproductive success. A comparison of the three conception models highlights the necessity to consider female sexual habits when assessing fertility across the cycle. We also show that the harem size needed is far smaller than the reported numbers.

Published
2014
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7. Psychology of fragrance use: perception of individual odor and perfume blends reveals a mechanism for idiosyncratic effects on fragrance choice.

Author

Pavlína Lenochová, Pavla Vohnoutová, S Craig Roberts, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Karl Grammer, and Jan Havlíček

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Cross-culturally, fragrances are used to modulate body odor, but the psychology of fragrance choice has been largely overlooked. The prevalent view is that fragrances mask an individual's body odor and improve its pleasantness. In two experiments, we found positive effects of perfume on body odor perception. Importantly, however, this was modulated by significant interactions with individual odor donors. Fragrances thus appear to interact with body odor, creating an individually-specific odor mixture. In a third experiment, the odor mixture of an individual's body odor and their preferred perfume was perceived as more pleasant than a blend of the same body odor with a randomly-allocated perfume, even when there was no difference in pleasantness between the perfumes. This indicates that fragrance use extends beyond simple masking effects and that people choose perfumes that interact well with their own odor. Our results provide an explanation for the highly individual nature of perfume choice.

Published
2012
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8. Individual Differences in How Desirable People Think They Are as a Mate

Author

Zsófia Csajbók, Zuzana Štěrbová, Gayle Brewer, Cristina A. Cândea, Charlotte J. S. De Backer, Ana Maria Fernández, Maryanne L. Fisher, Justin R. Garcia, Daniel J. Kruger, Karlijn Massar, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Katinka J. P. Quintelier, Renske E. van Geffen, Jaroslava Varella Valentova, Marco Antonio Correa Varella, Peter K. Jonason, and Management and Organisation

Subjects
Attractiveness, PERCEIVED ATTRACTIVENESS, Mating, SEX-DIFFERENCES, SDG 5 - Gender Equality, SELF-ESTEEM, WILLINGNESS, PREFERENCES, SOCIOMETER, NARCISSISM, Dark Triad, Sociology, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), INTRASEXUAL COMPETITION, Sex differences, RELIABILITY, Psychology, Mate value, General Psychology, Mate desirability, TRAITS
Abstract

Mate value is an important concept in mate choice research although its operationalization and understanding are limited. Here, we reviewed and evaluated previously established conceptual and methodological approaches measuring mate value and presented original research using individual differences in how people view themselves as a face-valid proxy for mate value in long- and short-term contexts. In data from 41 nations (N = 3895, Mage = 24.71, 63% women, 47% single), we tested sex, age, and relationship status effects on self-perceived mate desirability, along with individual differences in the Dark Triad traits, life history strategies, peer-based comparison of desirability, and self-reported mating success. Both sexes indicated more short-term than long-term mate desirability; however, men reported more long-term mate desirability than women, whereas women reported more short-term mate desirability than men. Further, individuals who were in a committed relationship felt more desirable than those who were not. Concerning the cross-sectional stability of mate desirability across the lifespan, in men, short- and long-term desirability rose to the age of 40 and 50, respectively, and decreased afterward. In women, short-term desirability rose to the age of 38 and decreased afterward, whereas long-term desirability remained stable over time. Our results suggest that measuring long- and short-term self-perceived mate desirability reveals predictable correlates.

Published
2023

10. Affective Interpersonal Touch in Close Relationships: A Cross-Cultural Perspective

Author

Iskra Herak, Chiemezie S. Atama, Berna Ertuğrul, Supreet Saluja, Carlota Batres, Maciej Karwowski, Olga Uhryn, Richard Ayebare, Afifa Anjum, Sarah L. McKerchar, Derya Atamtürk Duyar, Kelly Asao, Karina Ugalde González, Charlotte Alm, Grace Akello, Franco Simonetti, Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair, Konstantinos Kafetsios, Gyesook Yoo, Rizwana Shaikh, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Mons Bendixen, Zainab F. Zadeh, Meri Tadinac, Annette Pisanski, Camelia Popa, Muhammad Rizwan, Giulia Lopez, Daria Dronova, Svjetlana Salkičević, Anam Shahid, Antonin Carrier, Pavol Prokop, Nils C. Köbis, Katarzyna Cantarero, Katarzyna Pisanski, Marina Butovskaya, Aleksandra Kostic, Agustín Espinosa, Vilmante Pakalniskiene, Marcin Czub, Feng Jiang, Ivana Hromatko, András Láng, Ernesto León, Mahmoud Boussena, Ilona Croy, Luis Diego Vega Araya, Ivan Sarmány-Schuller, Nicolas Kervyn, Ike E. Onyishi, Jas Laile Suzana Binti Jaafar, Aicha Bensafia, Conal Monaghan, Marta Zaťková, Imran Ahmed Khilji, Chin Ming Hui, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Seda Dural, Ariela Francesca Pagani, Rocio Martinez, Norbert Meskó, Miriam Parise, Mária Haľamová, Razi Sultan Siddiqui, Girishwar Misra, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Rosa María Cueto, Bojan Musil, Tomasz Frąckowiak, İzzet Duyar, Mario Sainz, Nejc Plohl, Jorge Contreras-Graduño, Piotr Sorokowski, Susanne Schmehl, Zoi Manesi, Marco Antonio Correa Varella, Georgina R. Lennard, Dominika Chabin, Dwi Ajeng Widarini, Toivo Aavik, George Nizharadze, Torun Lindholm, Farid Pazhoohi, Emanuel C. Mora, Maja Zupančič, Seda Can, Tina Kavčič, Jean Carlos Natividade, Barış Özener, Shivantika Sharad, Alba Moya-Garófano, Hakan Cetinkaya, David M. Buss, Farida Guemaz, Marija Pejičić, Ruta Sargautyte, Daniel Conroy-Beam, Naumana Amjad, Carla Sofia Esteves, Boris Bizumic, UCL - SSH/LouRIM - Louvain Research Institute in Management and Organizations, and Social & Organizational Psychology

Subjects
Cross-Cultural Comparison, affective touch, Social Psychology, media_common.quotation_subject, BF, 050109 social psychology, Interpersonal communication, Conservatism, Ciências Sociais::Psicologia [Domínio/Área Científica], 050105 experimental psychology, Religiosity, Cross-cultural psychology, Stress (linguistics), Humans, Cross-cultural, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Child, media_common, interpersonal behaviors, 05 social sciences, Collectivism, touch behaviors, Settore M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE, cross-cultural psychology, Religion, Touch, HD28, Female, Psychology, touch behaviors, affective touch, interpersonal behaviors, cross-cultural psychology, Social psychology, Diversity (politics)
Abstract

Interpersonal touch behavior differs across cultures, yet no study to date has systematically tested for cultural variation in affective touch, nor examined the factors that might account for this variability. Here, over 14,000 individuals from 45 countries were asked whether they embraced, stroked, kissed, or hugged their partner, friends, and youngest child during the week preceding the study. We then examined a range of hypothesized individual-level factors (sex, age, parasitic history, conservatism, religiosity, and preferred interpersonal distance) and cultural-level factors (regional temperature, parasite stress, regional conservatism, collectivism, and religiosity) in predicting these affective-touching behaviors. Our results indicate that affective touch was most prevalent in relationships with partners and children, and its diversity was relatively higher in warmer, less conservative, and religious countries, and among younger, female, and liberal people. This research allows for a broad and integrated view of the bases of cross-cultural variability in affective touch. info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion

Published
2021

11. Universality of the Triangular Theory of Love: Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Triangular Love Scale in 25 Countries

Author

Luis Diego Vega, Muhammad Rizwan, Iskra Herak, Aicha Bensafia, Conal Monaghan, Sarah L. McKerchar, Marina Butovskaya, Bogdan Wojciszke, Mohd Sofian Omar Fauzee, Chin Ming Hui, Aleksandra Kostic, Ivan Sarmány-Schuller, Vilmante Pakalniskiene, Marcin Czub, Seda Dural, Ariela Francesca Pagani, Truong Quang Lam, Richard Ayebare, Truong Thi Khanh Ha, Robert J. Sternberg, Rocio Martinez, Annette Pisanski, Farida Guemaz, Tomasz Frackowiak, Piotr Sorokowski, Miriam Parise, Marija Pejičić, Ruta Sargautyte, Karina Ugalde González, Antonin Carrier, Daniel Conroy-Beam, Ike E. Onyishi, Farid Pazhoohi, Boris Bizumic, David M. Buss, Maja Zupančič, Charlotte Alm, Chiemezie S. Atama, Mohammad Madallh Alhabahba, Berna Ertuğrul, Alvaro Mailhos, Naumana Amjad, Ilona Croy, Norbert Meskó, Afifa Anjum, Agata Groyecka, Konstantinos Kafetsios, Daria Dronova, Ivana Hromatko, Carla Sofia Esteves, Svjetlana Salkičević, Aneta Przepiorka, Nils C. Köbis, Tran Ha Thu, Mahmoud Boussena, Bogusław Pawłowski, Ernesto León, Susanne Schmehl, Marina Horvat, Jean Carlos Natividade, Marta Zaťková, Edna Lúcia Tinoco Ponciano, Mons Bendixen, Georgina R. Lennard, Toivo Aavik, András Láng, İzzet Duyar, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Dominika Chabin, Barış Özener, Agustín Espinosa, Dwi Ajeng Widarini, Girishwar Misra, Franco Simonetti, Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair, Pavol Prokop, Carlota Batres, Anam Shahid, Nejc Plohl, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Maciej Karwowski, Seda Can, Mario Sainz Martinez, Torun Lindholm, Derya Atamtürk Duyar, Shivantika Sharad, Kelly Asao, Hakan Cetinkaya, Alba Moya-Garófano, Gyesook Yoo, Katarzyna Pisanski, Jorge Contreras Graduño, Meri Tadinac, Gulia Lopez, Bojan Musil, Zoi Manesi, Emanuel C. Mora, Ignacio Estevan, Tina Kavčič, Anna Krasnodębska, Nicolas Kervyn, Jas Laile Suzana Binti Jaafar, George Nizharadze, Zainab F. Zadeh, Joanna Różycka-Tran, Rizwana Shaikh, Camelia Popa, Rosa María Cueto, Grace Akello, Katarzyna Cantarero, Feng Jiang, Mária Haľamová, Social & Organizational Psychology, and UCL - SSH/LouRIM - Louvain Research Institute in Management and Organizations

Subjects
Cross-Cultural Comparison, Ciências Sociais::Sociologia [Domínio/Área Científica], Sociology and Political Science, Scale (ratio), Psychometrics, Humanidades::Outras Humanidades [Domínio/Área Científica], Evolutionary psychology, Ciências Sociais::Outras Ciências Sociais [Domínio/Área Científica], Empirical Research, Ciências Sociais::Psicologia [Domínio/Área Científica], Romantic love, Commitment device, Gender Studies, Quality of alternatives, Empirical research, History and Philosophy of Science, The Triangular Theory of Love, cross-cultural, Humans, Triangular theory of love, Statistical physics, Cross-cultural study, Adaptation (computer science), General Psychology, Mathematics, Triangular Love Scale, Ciências Médicas::Medicina Básica [Domínio/Área Científica], 05 social sciences, SDG 10 - Reduced Inequalities, Love, Settore M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE, Universality (dynamical systems), Close relationships, Psychometric Properties, 050903 gender studies, Homogeneous, 0509 other social sciences
Abstract

The Triangular Theory of Love (measured with Sternberg’s Triangular Love Scale – STLS) is a prominent theoretical concept in empirical research on love. To expand the culturally homogeneous body of previous psychometric research regarding the STLS, we conducted a large-scale cross-cultural study with the use of this scale. In total, we examined more than 11,000 respondents, but as a result of applied exclusion criteria, the final analyses were based on a sample of 7332 participants from 25 countries (from all inhabited continents). We tested configural invariance, metric invariance, and scalar invariance, all of which confirmed the cultural universality of the theoretical construct of love analyzed in our study. We also observed that levels of love components differ depending on relationship duration, following the dynamics suggested in the Triangular Theory of Love. Supplementary files with all our data, including results on love intensity across different countries along with STLS versions adapted in a few dozen languages, will further enable more extensive research on the Triangular Theory of Love. This article will not be available due to copyright restrictions © 2020 by The Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality

Published
2021

13. Predictors of enhancing human physical attractiveness: Data from 93 countries

Author

Marta Kowal, Piotr Sorokowski, Katarzyna Pisanski, Jaroslava V. Valentova, Marco A.C. Varella, David A. Frederick, Laith Al-Shawaf, Felipe E. García, Isabella Giammusso, Biljana Gjoneska, Luca Kozma, Tobias Otterbring, Marietta Papadatou-Pastou, Gerit Pfuhl, Sabrina Stöckli, Anna Studzinska, Ezgi Toplu-Demirtaş, Anna K. Touloumakos, Bence E. Bakos, Carlota Batres, Solenne Bonneterre, Johanna Czamanski-Cohen, Jovi C. Dacanay, Eliane Deschrijver, Maryanne L. Fisher, Caterina Grano, Dmitry Grigoryev, Pavol Kačmár, Mikhail V. Kozlov, Efisio Manunta, Karlijn Massar, Joseph P. McFall, Moises Mebarak, Maria Rosa Miccoli, Taciano L. Milfont, Pavol Prokop, Toivo Aavik, Patrícia Arriaga, Roberto Baiocco, Jiří Čeněk, Hakan Çetinkaya, Izzet Duyar, Farida Guemaz, Tatsunori Ishii, Julia A. Kamburidis, Hareesol Khun-Inkeeree, Linda H. Lidborg, Hagar Manor, Ravit Nussinson, Mohd Sofian B. Omar-Fauzee, Farid Pazhoohi, Koen Ponnet, Anabela Caetano Santos, Oksana Senyk, Ognen Spasovski, Mona Vintila, Austin H. Wang, Gyesook Yoo, Oulmann Zerhouni, Rizwana Amin, Sibele Aquino, Merve Boğa, Mahmoud Boussena, Ali R. Can, Seda Can, Rita Castro, Antonio Chirumbolo, Ogeday Çoker, Clément Cornec, Seda Dural, Stephanie J. Eder, Nasim Ghahraman Moharrampour, Simone Grassini, Evgeniya Hristova, Gözde Ikizer, Nicolas Kervyn, Mehmet Koyuncu, Yoshihiko Kunisato, Samuel Lins, Tetyana Mandzyk, Silvia Mari, Alan D.A. Mattiassi, Aybegum Memisoglu-Sanli, Mara Morelli, Felipe C. Novaes, Miriam Parise, Irena Pavela Banai, Mariia Perun, Nejc Plohl, Fatima Zahra Sahli, Dušana Šakan, Sanja Smojver-Azic, Çağlar Solak, Sinem Söylemez, Asako Toyama, Anna Wlodarczyk, Yuki Yamada, Beatriz Abad-Villaverde, Reza Afhami, Grace Akello, Nael H. Alami, Leyla Alma, Marios Argyrides, Derya Atamtürk, Nana Burduli, Sayra Cardona, João Carneiro, Andrea Castañeda, Izabela Chałatkiewicz, William J. Chopik, Dimitri Chubinidze, Daniel Conroy-Beam, Jorge Contreras-Garduño, Diana Ribeiro da Silva, Yahya B. Don, Silvia Donato, Dmitrii Dubrov, Michaela Duračková, Sanjana Dutt, Samuel O. Ebimgbo, Ignacio Estevan, Edgardo Etchezahar, Peter Fedor, Feten Fekih-Romdhane, Tomasz Frackowiak, Katarzyna Galasinska, Łukasz Gargula, Benjamin Gelbart, Talia Gomez Yepes, Brahim Hamdaoui, Ivana Hromatko, Salome N. Itibi, Luna Jaforte, Steve M.J. Janssen, Marija Jovic, Kevin S. Kertechian, Farah Khan, Aleksander Kobylarek, Maida Koso-Drljevic, Anna Krasnodębska, Valerija Križanić, Miguel Landa-Blanco, Alvaro Mailhos, Tiago Marot, Tamara Martinac Dorcic, Martha Martinez-Banfi, Mat Rahimi Yusof, Marlon Mayorga-Lascano, Vita Mikuličiūtė, Katarina Mišetić, Bojan Musil, Arooj Najmussaqib, Kavitha Nalla Muthu, Jean C. Natividade, Izuchukwu L.G. Ndukaihe, Ellen K. Nyhus, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Salma S. Omar, Franciszek Ostaszewski, Ma. Criselda T. Pacquing, Ariela F. Pagani, Ju Hee Park, Ekaterine Pirtskhalava, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Marc Eric S. Reyes, Jan P. Röer, Ayşegül Şahin, Adil Samekin, Rūta Sargautytė, Tatiana Semenovskikh, Henrik Siepelmeyer, Sangeeta Singh, Alicja Sołtys, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Rodrigo Soto-López, Liliya Sultanova, William Tamayo-Agudelo, Chee-Seng Tan, Gulmira T. Topanova, Merve Topcu Bulut, Bastien Trémolière, Singha Tulyakul, Belgüzar N. Türkan, Arkadiusz Urbanek, Tatiana Volkodav, Kathryn V. Walter, Mohd Faiz Mohd Yaakob, Marcos Zumárraga-Espinosa, Kowal, M, Sorokowski, P, Pisanski, K, Valentova, J, Varella, M, Frederick, D, Al-Shawaf, L, García, F, Giammusso, I, Gjoneska, B, Kozma, L, Otterbring, T, Papadatou-Pastou, M, Pfuhl, G, Stöckli, S, Studzinska, A, Toplu-Demirtaş, E, Touloumakos, A, Bakos, B, Batres, C, Bonneterre, S, Czamanski-Cohen, J, Dacanay, J, Deschrijver, E, Fisher, M, Grano, C, Grigoryev, D, Kačmár, P, Kozlov, M, Manunta, E, Massar, K, Mcfall, J, Mebarak, M, Miccoli, M, Milfont, T, Prokop, P, Aavik, T, Arriaga, P, Baiocco, R, Čeněk, J, Çetinkaya, H, Duyar, I, Guemaz, F, Ishii, T, Kamburidis, J, Khun-Inkeeree, H, Lidborg, L, Manor, H, Nussinson, R, Omar-Fauzee, M, Pazhoohi, F, Ponnet, K, Santos, A, Senyk, O, Spasovski, O, Vintila, M, Wang, A, Yoo, G, Zerhouni, O, Amin, R, Aquino, S, Boğa, M, Boussena, M, Can, A, Can, S, Castro, R, Chirumbolo, A, Çoker, O, Cornec, C, Dural, S, Eder, S, Moharrampour, N, Grassini, S, Hristova, E, Ikizer, G, Kervyn, N, Koyuncu, M, Kunisato, Y, Lins, S, Mandzyk, T, Mari, S, Mattiassi, A, Memisoglu-Sanli, A, Morelli, M, Novaes, F, Parise, M, Banai, I, Perun, M, Plohl, N, Sahli, F, Šakan, D, Smojver-Azic, S, Solak, Ç, Söylemez, S, Toyama, A, Wlodarczyk, A, Yamada, Y, Abad-Villaverde, B, Afhami, R, Akello, G, Alami, N, Alma, L, Argyrides, M, Atamtürk, D, Burduli, N, Cardona, S, Carneiro, J, Castañeda, A, Chałatkiewicz, I, Chopik, W, Chubinidze, D, Conroy-Beam, D, Contreras-Garduño, J, da Silva, D, Don, Y, Donato, S, Dubrov, D, Duračková, M, Dutt, S, Ebimgbo, S, Estevan, I, Etchezahar, E, Fedor, P, Fekih-Romdhane, F, Frackowiak, T, Galasinska, K, Gargula, Ł, Gelbart, B, Yepes, T, Hamdaoui, B, Hromatko, I, Itibi, S, Jaforte, L, Janssen, S, Jovic, M, Kertechian, K, Khan, F, Kobylarek, A, Koso-Drljevic, M, Krasnodębska, A, Križanić, V, Landa-Blanco, M, Mailhos, A, Marot, T, Dorcic, T, Martinez-Banfi, M, Yusof, M, Mayorga-Lascano, M, Mikuličiūtė, V, Mišetić, K, Musil, B, Najmussaqib, A, Muthu, K, Natividade, J, Ndukaihe, I, Nyhus, E, Oberzaucher, E, Omar, S, Ostaszewski, F, Pacquing, M, Pagani, A, Park, J, Pirtskhalava, E, Reips, U, Reyes, M, Röer, J, Şahin, A, Samekin, A, Sargautytė, R, Semenovskikh, T, Siepelmeyer, H, Singh, S, Sołtys, A, Sorokowska, A, Soto-López, R, Sultanova, L, Tamayo-Agudelo, W, Tan, C, Topanova, G, Bulut, M, Trémolière, B, Tulyakul, S, Türkan, B, Urbanek, A, Volkodav, T, Walter, K, Yaakob, M, Zumárraga-Espinosa, M, UCL - SSH/LouRIM - Louvain Research Institute in Management and Organizations, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, RS: FPN WSP II, and Section Applied Social Psychology

Subjects
Objectification Theory, REDES SOCIAIS, SEX-DIFFERENCES, Self-modification, Evolution, Humanidades::Outras Humanidades [Domínio/Área Científica], Facial Attractiveness, Ciências Médicas::Ciências da Saúde [Domínio/Área Científica], Social Sciences, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Ciências Sociais::Psicologia [Domínio/Área Científica], Evolutionary Perspective, Self-Objectification, Pathogen stress, EVOLUTIONARY PERSPECTIVE, Social media usage, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Behavior and Systematics, ddc:150, Womens Body-Image, Mating market perspective, Ciências Naturais::Ciências Biológicas [Domínio/Área Científica], WOMENS BODY-IMAGE, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, OBJECTIFICATION THEORY, M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE, Evolutionary theory, Appearance, Gender-Role, Ecology, MATE PREFERENCES, Samfunnsvitenskap: 200 [VDP], Mate Preferences, PERSONAL ORNAMENTS, SELF-OBJECTIFICATION, GENDER-ROLE, Settore M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE, Social Media Use, SOCIAL MEDIA USE, Sex-Differences, VDP::Samfunnsvitenskap: 200, FACIAL ATTRACTIVENESS, Ciências Naturais::Ciências da Terra e do Ambiente [Domínio/Área Científica], Pathogen stre, Personal Ornaments
Abstract

People across the world and throughout history have gone to great lengths to enhance their physical appearance. Evolutionary psychologists and ethologists have largely attempted to explain this phenomenon via mating preferences and strategies. Here, we test one of the most popular evolutionary hypotheses for beauty-enhancing behaviors, drawn from mating market and parasite stress perspectives, in a large cross-cultural sample. We also test hypotheses drawn from other influential and non-mutually exclusive theoretical frameworks, from biosocial role theory to a cultural media perspective. Survey data from 93,158 human participants across 93 countries provide evidence that behaviors such as applying makeup or using other cosmetics, hair grooming, clothing style, caring for body hygiene, and exercising or following a specific diet for the specific purpose of improving ones physical attractiveness, are universal. Indeed, 99% of participants reported spending >10 min a day performing beauty-enhancing behaviors. The results largely support evolutionary hypotheses: more time was spent enhancing beauty by women (almost 4 h a day, on average) than by men (3.6 h a day), by the youngest participants (and contrary to predictions, also the oldest), by those with a relatively more severe history of infectious diseases, and by participants currently dating compared to those in established relationships. The strongest predictor of attractiveness-enhancing behaviors was social media usage. Other predictors, in order of effect size, included adhering to traditional gender roles, residing in countries with less gender equality, considering oneself as highly attractive or, conversely, highly unattractive, TV watching time, higher socioeconomic status, right-wing political beliefs, a lower level of education, and personal individualistic attitudes. This study provides novel insight into universal beauty-enhancing behaviors by unifying evolutionary theory with several other complementary perspectives., National Science Center, Poland [2019/33/N/HS6/00054]; Basic Research Program at the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE University); Basic Research Program at HSE University, RF; FCT [UID/PSI/03125/2021, SFRH/BD/126304/2016]; UTAR Research Centre Excellence Award; Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman [2019 -CAP (6401/0019)], This work is the result of the research project funded by the National Science Center, Poland (2019/33/N/HS6/00054). Dmitry Grigoryev was supported by the Basic Research Program at the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE University).; Dmitrii Dubrov was supported by the Basic Research Program at HSE University, RF.; Patricia Arriaga was supported by the FCT through funds from the research center UID/PSI/03125/2021. Anabela C. Santos was supported by the FCT through funds from a PhD grant SFRH/BD/126304/2016. Kavitha Nalla Muthu and Chee-Seng Tan were supported by the UTAR Research Centre Excellence Award 2019 -CAP (6401/0019) from the Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman.

Published
2022

14. Sex differences in human mate preferences vary across sex ratios

Author

Ernesto León, Trinh Thi Linh, Ike E. Onyishi, Tomasz Frackowiak, Piotr Sorokowski, Marco Antonio Correa Varella, Hakan Cetinkaya, Stanislava Stoyanova, Richard Ayebare, Rosa María Cueto, Annette Pisanski, Berna Ertuğrul, Alvaro Mailhos, Luis Diego Vega, Boris Bizumic, Imran Ahmed Khilji, Afifa Anjum, Mario Sainz, Truong Thi Khanh Ha, Mohd Sofian Omar-Fauzee, Petra Gyuris, Svjetlana Salkičević, Carla Sofia Esteves, Marina Butovskaya, Derya Atamtürk Duyar, Katarzyna Pisanski, Carlota Batres, Ivana Hromatko, Kelly Asao, Bojan Musil, Kathryn V. Walter, Nicolas Kervyn, Jas Laile Suzana Binti Jaafar, Zoi Manesi, András Láng, Daniel Conroy-Beam, Naumana Amjad, Luxi Fang, Gyesook Yoo, Marta Zaťková, Emanuel C. Mora, Ignacio Estevan, Edna Lúcia Tinoco Ponciano, Sarah L. McKerchar, Maja Zupančič, George Nizharadze, Antonin Carrier, Farid Pazhoohi, Franco Simonetti, Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair, Ilona Croy, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Seda Can, Agustín Espinosa, Torun Lindholm, Hoang Moc Lan, Grace Akello, Mons Bendixen, Farida Guemaz, Ruta Sargautyte, Katarzyna Cantarero, Toivo Aavik, Tina Kavčič, Feng Jiang, Razi Sultan Siddiqui, Konstantinos Kafetsios, Girishwar Misra, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Marina Horvat, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Meri Tadinac, Jorge Contreras Garduño, Giulia Lopez, İzzet Duyar, Ivan Sarmány-Schuller, Muhammad Rizwan, Daria Dronova, Nils C. Köbis, Mahmoud Boussena, Camelia Popa, Norbert Meskó, Susanne Schmehl, Agnieszka Niemczyk, Karina Ugalde González, Chin Ming Hui, Charlotte Alm, Seda Dural, Ariela Francesca Pagani, Rocio Martinez, Miriam Parise, Iskra Herak, Georgina R. Lennard, Dwi Ajeng Widarini, Chiemezie S. Atama, Mohammad Madallh Alhabahba, Nguyen Van Luot, Aicha Bensafia, Conal Monaghan, Vilmante Pakalniskiene, Marcin Czub, Jean Carlos Natividade, Pavol Prokop, Barış Özener, David M. Buss, Mária Halamová, Shivantika Sharad, Alba Moya-Garófano, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Camelia Popa, Luis Vega, Jas Laile Jaafar, Tina Kavcic, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Berna Ertugrul Ozener, Antonin Carrier, Kathryn Walter, Carla Sofia Esteves, David Buss, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Pavol Prokop, Rosa Maria Cueto, Ilona Croy, Gyesook Yoo, Marco Antonio Correa Varella, Nicolas Kervyn, Boris Bizumic, Agustín Espinosa, Barış Özener, Katarzyna Cantarero, JAS LAILE SUZANA JAAFAR, Stanislava Stoyanova, Seda Dural, Ivana Hromatko, Konstantinos Kafetsios, Ignacio Estevan, Hakan Çetinkaya, C. Sofia Esteves, Norbert Meskó, Ariela F. Pagani, Jean Natividade, Veritati - Repositório Institucional da Universidade Católica Portuguesa, UCL - SSH/LouRIM - Louvain Research Institute in Management and Organizations, Social & Organizational Psychology, and IBBA

Subjects
cognition, sex differences, Male, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Relative power, Choice Behavior, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 0302 clinical medicine, cross-cultural, Marriage, 10. No inequality, Research Articles, Ciências Agrárias::Outras Ciências Agrárias [Domínio/Área Científica], General Environmental Science, Ciências Médicas::Medicina Básica [Domínio/Área Científica], 0303 health sciences, Sex Characteristics, SDG 5 - Gender Equality, Ciências Médicas::Medicina Clínica [Domínio/Área Científica], 4. Education, Reproduction, General Medicine, Settore M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE, Sexual Partners, mate preferences, Female, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Sex ratio, Sex characteristics, Attractiveness, Biology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, evolution, Animals, Humans, Behaviour, Ciências Naturais::Ciências Biológicas [Domínio/Área Científica], mating market, Human mating strategies, 030304 developmental biology, General Immunology and Microbiology, behaviour mate preferences, mate preferences, sex ratio, sex differences, cross-cultural, mating market, sex ratio, Ciências Médicas::Outras Ciências Médicas [Domínio/Área Científica], Ciências Naturais::Ciências da Terra e do Ambiente [Domínio/Área Científica], Sex differences, sex ratios, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Demography
Abstract

This material is based on work supported by the National Science Foundation under grant no. 1845586. The work of T.T.K.H. was supported by grant no. 501.01-2016.02 from the Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED). A.O. was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education (grant no. 626/STYP/12/2017). A.S. and P.S. were supported by National Science Center-Poland (grant no. 2014/13/B/HS6/02644). Marina Butovskaya and D.D. were supported by State assignment project No. 01201370995 of the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Moscow, Russia. P.G., A.L. and N.M. were supported by the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund-(OTKA; grant no. K125437). F.J. was supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (grant no. 71971225). G.A. was supported by UKRI/GCRF Gender, Justice, Security Grant (grant no. AH/S004025/1)., A wide range of literature connects sex ratio and mating behaviours in non-human animals. However, research examining sex ratio and human mating is limited in scope. Prior work has examined the relationship between sex ratio and desire for short-term, uncommitted mating as well as outcomes such as marriage and divorce rates. Less empirical attention has been directed towards the relationship between sex ratio and mate preferences, despite the importance of mate preferences in the human mating literature. To address this gap, we examined sex ratio’s relationship to the variation in preferences for attractiveness, resources, kindness, intelligence and health in a long-term mate across 45 countries (n = 14 487). We predicted that mate preferences would vary according to relative power of choice on the mating market, with increased power derived from having relatively few competitors and numerous potential mates. We found that each sex tended to report more demanding preferences for attractiveness and resources where the opposite sex was abundant, compared to where the opposite sex was scarce. This pattern dovetails with those found for mating strategies in humans and mate preferences across species, highlighting the importance of sex ratio for understanding variation in human mate preferences., National Science Foundation (NSF) 1845586, National Foundation for Science & Technology Development (NAFOSTED) 501.01-2016.02, Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Poland, European Commission 626/STYP/12/2017, National Science Centre, Poland 2014/13/B/HS6/02644, Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Moscow, Russia 01201370995, Orszagos Tudomanyos Kutatasi Alapprogramok (OTKA) K125437, National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) 71971225, UKRI/GCRF Gender, Justice, Security Grant AH/S004025/1

Published
2021

19. Reasons for Facebook Usage: Data From 46 Countries

Author

Konstantinos Kafetsios, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Marina Butovskaya, Ike E. Onyishi, Mons Bendixen, Antonin Carrier, Zainab F. Zadeh, Vilmante Pakalniskiene, Marcin Czub, Luis Diego Vega, Alba Moya Garófano, Alvaro Mailhos, Piotr Sorokowski, Farida Guemaz, Katarzyna Pisanski, Ruta Sargautyte, Seda Can, Muhammad Rizwan, Marco Antonio Correa Varella, Chin Ming Hui, Stanislava Stoyanova, Richard Ayebare, Norbert Meskó, Rosa María Cueto, İzzet Duyar, Franco Simonetti, Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair, Seda Dural, Ariela Francesca Pagani, Rocio Martinez, Susanne Schmehl, Annette Pisanski, Miriam Parise, Mario Sainz, Carla Sofia Esteves, Aicha Bensafia, Conal Monaghan, Jorge Contreras-Graduño, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Farid Pazhoohi, Tina Kavčič, Sarah L. McKerchar, Girishwar Misra, Oksana Senyk, Pavol Prokop, Chiemezie S. Atama, Rizwana Shaikh, Nejc Plohl, George Nizharadze, Mohd Sofian Omar Fauzee, Grace Akello, Svjetlana Salkičević, Camelia Popa, Mohammad Madallh Alhabahba, Georgina R. Lennard, Marta Kowal, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Ivana Hromatko, Meri Tadinac, Truong Thi Khanh Ha, Nicolas Kervyn, Jas Laile Suzana Binti Jaafar, Katarzyna Cantarero, Derya Atamtürk Duyar, Kelly Asao, Małgorzata Dobrowolska, Feng Jiang, Toivo Aavik, Giulia Lopez, András Láng, Karina Ugalde González, Berna Ertuğrul, Ernesto León, Trinh Thi Linh, Charlotte Alm, Gyesook Yoo, Tomasz Frackowiak, Torun Lindholm, Hoang Moc Lan, Afifa Anjum, Daria Dronova, Boris Bizumic, Nils C. Köbis, Mahmoud Boussena, Bojan Musil, Nguyen Van Luot, Zoi Manesi, Iskra Herak, Agustín Espinosa, Emanuel C. Mora, Ignacio Estevan, Hakan Cetinkaya, Mariia Perun, Daniel Conroy-Beam, Naumana Amjad, Maja Zupančič, Shivantika Sharad, David M. Buss, Jean Carlos Natividade, Barış Özener, Camelia Popa, derya atamtürk, Luis Vega, Luot Van Nguyen, Marta Kowal, Charlotte Alm, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Oksana Senyk, Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair, Mohammad Alhabahba, Rosa Maria Cueto, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Jas Laile Jaafar, Marcin Czub, Tina Kavcic, Seda Dural, Andras Lang, Tomasz Frackowiak, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Nejc Plohl, Antonin Carrier, mohd sofian omar-fauzee, Conal Monaghan, Nils Kobis, David Buss, Nicolas Kervyn, Ariela F. Pagani, Katarzyna Pisanski, Agustín Espinosa, Ivana Hromatko, Norbert Meskó, Katarzyna Cantarero, izzet duyar, Pavol Prokop, Boris Bizumic, Hakan Çetinkaya, JAS LAILE SUZANA JAAFAR, Berna Ertuğrul Özener, Ignacio Estevan, İzzet Duyar, Marco Antonio Correa Varella, Alba Moya-Garófano, Jean Natividade, Rocío Martínez, Stanislava Stoyanova, Konstantinos Kafetsios, Ike Onyishi, Gyesook Yoo, Barış Özener, C. Sofia Esteves, Vilmante Pakalniskiene, Chin Ming Hui, and UCL - SSH/LouRIM - Louvain Research Institute in Management and Organizations

Subjects
sex differences, Facebook, Higher education, media_common.quotation_subject, lcsh:BF1-990, MEDLINE, Age Differences, age differences, Ciências Sociais::Psicologia [Domínio/Área Científica], Usage data, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, cross-cultural, State (polity), motives, Sex differences, Data Report, Psychology, Cross-cultural, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Social science, General Psychology, media_common, Receipt, online social network, Age differences, Online Social Network, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Facebook, cross-cultural, Settore M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE, lcsh:Psychology, Motives, Online social network, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Seventy-nine percent of internet users use Facebook, and on average they access Facebook eight times a day (Greenwood et al., 2016). To put these numbers into perspective, according to Clement (2019), around 30% of the world’s population uses this Online Social Network (OSN) site. Despite the constantly growing body of academic research on Facebook (Chou et al., 2009 ; Back et al., 2010 ; Kaplan and Haenlein, 2010 ; McAndrew and Jeong, 2012 ; Wilson et al., 2012 ; Krasnova et al., 2017), there remains limited research regarding the motivation behind Facebook use across different cultures. Our main goal was to collect data from a large cross-cultural sample of Facebook users to examine the roles of sex, age, and, most importantly, cultural differences underlying Facebook use.

Published
2020

20. Sex differences in mate preferences across 45 countries: a large-scale replication

Author

Seda Can, Svjetlana Salkičević, Pavol Prokop, Alvaro Mailhos, Derya Atamtürk Duyar, Kelly Asao, Gyesook Yoo, Truong Thi Khanh Ha, Luis Diego Vega, İzzet Duyar, Nicolas Kervyn, Tina Kavčič, Jorge Contreras Garduño, Farida Guemaz, Jas Laile Suzana Binti Jaafar, Ruta Sargautyte, Camelia Popa, András Láng, Grace Akello, Annette Pisanski, Daniel Conroy-Beam, Carlota Batres, Naumana Amjad, Muhammad Rizwan, Franco Simonetti, Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair, Chin Ming Hui, Norbert Meskó, Susanne Schmehl, Katarzyna Cantarero, Stanislava Stoyanova, Konstantinos Kafetsios, Seda Dural, Ariela Francesca Pagani, Agnieszka Niemczyk, Farid Pazhoohi, Karina Ugalde González, Feng Jiang, Tomasz Frackowiak, Rocio Martinez, Miriam Parise, Marta Zat’ková, Agustín Espinosa, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Boris Bizumic, Maja Zupančič, Antonin Carrier, Aicha Bensafia, Conal Monaghan, Meri Tadinac, Berna Ertuğrul, Ilona Croy, Torun Lindholm, Afifa Anjum, Hoang Moc Lan, Marina Horvat, Carla Sofia Esteves, Kathryn V. Walter, Ivana Hromatko, Giulia Lopez, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Razi Sultan Siddiqui, Girishwar Misra, Mahmoud Boussena, Hakan Cetinkaya, Daria Dronova, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Rosa María Cueto, Bojan Musil, Edna Lúcia Tinoco Ponciano, Nils C. Köbis, Mario Sainz, Iskra Herak, George Nizharadze, Marina Butovskaya, Marco Antonio Correa Varella, Mons Bendixen, Petra Gyuris, Georgina R. Lennard, Piotr Sorokowski, Zoi Manesi, Toivo Aavik, Richard Ayebare, Dwi Ajeng Widarini, Luxi Fang, Emanuel C. Mora, Ignacio Estevan, Ivan Sarmány-Schuller, Nguyen Van Luot, Katarzyna Pisanski, Shivantika Sharad, Alba Moya-Garófano, David M. Buss, Mária Halamová, Jean Carlos Natividade, Barış Özener, Ike E. Onyishi, Imran Ahmed Khilji, Mohd Sofian Omar-Fauzee, Ernesto León, Trinh Thi Linh, Vilmante Pakalniskiene, Marcin Czub, Sarah L. McKerchar, Chiemezie S. Atama, Mohammad Madallh Alhabahba, Charlotte Alm, UCL - SSH/LouRIM - Louvain Research Institute in Management and Organizations, and Social & Organizational Psychology

Subjects
Attractiveness, sex differences, biosocial role theory, SDG 5 - Gender Equality, Perspective (graphical), Physical attractiveness, open data, Ciências Sociais::Psicologia [Domínio/Área Científica], Evolutionary psychology, Settore M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE, Biosocial theory, preregistered, Open data, Cross-cultural psychology, mate preferences, sex differences, cross-cultural studies, evolutionary psychology, biosocial role theory, open data, preregistered, mate preferences, Cross-cultural, cross-cultural studies, evolutionary psychology, Psychology, General Psychology, Demography
Abstract

Considerable research has examined human mate preferences across cultures, finding universal sex differences in preferences for attractiveness and resources as well as sources of systematic cultural variation. Two competing perspectives-an evolutionary psychological perspective and a biosocial role perspective-offer alternative explanations for these findings. However, the original data on which each perspective relies are decades old, and the literature is fraught with conflicting methods, analyses, results, and conclusions. Using a new 45-country sample (N = 14,399), we attempted to replicate classic studies and test both the evolutionary and biosocial role perspectives. Support for universal sex differences in preferences remains robust: Men, more than women, prefer attractive, young mates, and women, more than men, prefer older mates with financial prospects. Cross-culturally, both sexes have mates closer to their own ages as gender equality increases. Beyond age of partner, neither pathogen prevalence nor gender equality robustly predicted sex differences or preferences across countries. info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion

Published
2020

24. Global study of social odor awareness

Author

Emma Sorbring, Oksana Senyk, Ana Paula Relvas, Maciej Karwowski, Hakan Cetinkaya, Olja Uhryn, Silvio Donato, Fívia de Araújo Lopes, Andero Teras, Jitka Fialová, Aslıhan Hamamcıoğlu Akkaya, Ivan Sarmány-Schuller, Svjetlana Salkičević, Nicole M. Marcano, Anu Realo, Anna Marta Maria Bertoni, Felipe Nalon Castro, Seda Dural, Rocio Martinez, Peter Hilpert, Ritu Tripathi, Raffaella Iafrate, Jennifer E. Lansford, Urmila Pillay, Bawo O. James, John D. Pierce, Ike E. Onyishi, Mariana Iesyp, Norbert Meskó, Mamta Tripathi, Fahd A. Dileym, Daniel David, Stanislava Stoyanova, Joseph Mpeera Ntayi, Alda Portugal, Khodabakhsh Ahmadi, Alexandra Mühlhauser, Tiago Bortolini, Oana A. David, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Meri Tadinac, Anna Paluszak, Katarzyna Cantarero, Grete Kjelvik, Mohd Sofian Omar-Fauzee, Nina Sutresna, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Evrim Gülbetekin, Guillermo Macbeth, Jelena Jaranovic, Feng Jiang, Fırat Koç, Nachiketa Tripathi, Khadijeh Moradi Qezeli, Ahmad M. Alghraibeh, Edna Lúcia Tinoco Ponciano, Richmond Aryeetey, Charles O. Kimamo, Amos Laar, Sombat Tapanya, Diana Cunha, Susanne Schmehl, Charlotte Sinding, Ivana Hromatko, Sheyla Blumen, Marina Butovskaya, Maria Emília Yamamoto, Muhammad Rizwan, Agata Groyecka, Tomasz Frackowiak, Natalya Molodovskaya, Denisa Šukolová, Jean Carlos Natividade, Zahrasadat Motahari, Piotr Sorokowski, Lei Chang, Gyesook Yoo, Oluyinka Ojedokun, Karim Bettache, Maria Rivas, Maryanne L. Fisher, Eftychia Stamkou, Bin-Bin Chen, Marta Błażejewska, Eugenia Razumiejczyk, Daria Dronova, Alejandra del Carmen Domínguez Espinosa, Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Duke University [Durham], Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, King Saud University [Riyadh] (KSU), School of public Health, University of Ghana, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Roma] (Unicatt), Monash University, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Partenaires INRAE, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Ankara University, University of Macau (UMac), Fudan University (FU), Faculty of Psychology [Warsaw], University of Warsaw (UW), Babes-Bolyai University [Cluj-Napoca] (UBB), Universidad Iberoamericana Puebla, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University [Cambridge], Faculty of Science - Department of Zoology, Charles University [Prague] (CU), Saint Mary's University, Akdeniz University, Cumhuriyet University, University of Surrey (UNIS), Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences [Zagreb], University of Zagreb, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital, University of Belgrade, Central University of Finance and Economics, University of Nairobi (UoN), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), National University of Entre Rios, Philadelphia University, Universidad de Granada (UGR), University of Pecs, Razi University, University of Science and Culture (USC), Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna [Vienna], Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Makerere University [Kampala, Ouganda] (MAK), Adekunle Ajasin University, Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM), university of Nigeria, Thomas Jefferson University, Chercheur indépendant, Centre for Social Studies, Universidade de Coimbra, University of Tartu, Department of Psychology, Universidad del Magdalena (COLOMBIA), University of Karachi, Slovak Academy of Sciences (SAS), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University West, University College West, University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), South-West University 'Neofit Rilski', Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Chiang Mai University (CMU), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro [Rio de Janeiro] (UERJ), Indian Institute of Management Bangalore (IIMB), Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, IIT, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRM), Kyung Hee University (KHU), Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education Iuventus Plus [IP2014 043773], Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University [RG-1439-012], Sociale Psychologie (Psychologie, FMG), Sorokowska, Agnieszka, Ritu Tripathi, Sheyla Blumen, Hakan Çetinkaya, Oksana Senyk, Nachiketa Tripathi, elisabeth oberzaucher, Guillermo Eduardo Macbeth, Charlotte Sinding, Olha Uhryn, Nina Sutresna, Amos Laar, Piotr Sorokowski, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Tomasz Frackowiak, Anna Paluszak, mohd sofian omar-fauzee, eugenia razumiejczyk, Seda Dural, Diana Cunha, Jennifer Lansford, Karim Bettache, Lei Chang, Peter Hilpert, Alda Portugal, Fivia Lopes, Anu Realo, Katarzyna Cantarero, Agata Groyecka-Bernard, Khodabakhsh Ahmadi, Felipe Castro, Ike Onyishi, Ivana Hromatko, Norbert Meskó, Fırat Koç, Stanislava Stoyanova, Gyesook Yoo, Agata Groyecka, Rocío Martínez, Jean Natividade, Oana David, Oluyinka Ojedokun, Jitka Fialová, Denisa Šukolová, Ana Paula P. Relvas, Edna Ponciano, Richmond Aryeetey, Daria Dronova, Maciej Karwowski, Marina Butovskaya, [Sorokowska, Agnieszka -- Groyecka, Agata -- Karwowski, Maciej -- Frackowiak, Tomasz -- Blazejewska, Marta -- Molodovskaya, Natalya -- Paluszak, Anna -- Sorokowski, Piotr] Univ Wroclaw, Inst Psychol, Ul Dawida 1, PL-50527 Wroclaw, Poland -- [Lansford, Jennifer E.] Duke Univ, Sanford Sch Publ Policy, Durham, NC USA -- [Ahmadi, Khodabakhsh] Baqiyatallah Univ Med Sci, Behav Sci Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran -- [Alghraibeh, Ahmad M. -- Dileym, Fahd A.] King Saud Univ, Dept Psychol, Coll Educ, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia -- [Aryeetey, Richmond -- Laar, Amos] Univ Ghana, Sch Publ Hlth, Legon, Ghana -- [Bertoni, Anna -- Donato, Silvia -- Iafrate, Raffaella] Catholic Univ Milan, Dept Psychol, Milan, Italy -- [Bettache, Karim] Monash Univ, Dept Psychol, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia -- [Blumen, Sheyla] Pontificia Univ Catolica Peru, Dept Psychol, Lima, Peru -- [Bortolini, Tiago] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil -- [Bortolini, Tiago] DOr Inst Res & Educ, Cognit & Behav Neurosci Unit, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil -- [Butovskaya, Marina -- Dronova, Daria] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Ethnol & Anthropol, Moscow, Russia -- [Butovskaya, Marina] Natl Res Univ, Higher Sch Econ, Moscow, Russia -- [Cantarero, Katarzyna] SWPS Univ Social Sci & Humanities, Fac Sopot, Sopot, Poland -- [Castro, Felipe Nalon -- Lopes, Fivia de Araujo -- Yamamoto, Maria Emilia] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Lab Evolut Human Behav, Natal, RN, Brazil -- [Cetinkaya, Hakan] Ankara Univ, Dept Psychol, Ankara, Turkey -- [Chang, Lei] Univ Macau, Dept Psychol, Macau, Peoples R China -- [Chen, Bin-Bin -- Portugal, Alda] Fudan Univ, Dept Psychol, Shanghai, Peoples R China -- [Cunha, Diana -- Relvas, Ana Paula] Univ Coimbra, Fac Psychol & Educ Sci, Coimbra, Portugal -- [David, Daniel] Babes Bolyai Univ Cluj Napoca, Int Inst Adv Studies Psychotherapy & Appl Mental, Cluj Napoca, Romania -- [David, Oana A.] Babes Bolyai Univ Cluj Napoca, Dept Clin Psychol & Psychotherapy, Cluj Napoca, Romania -- [Dominguez Espinosa, Alejandra del Carmen] Univ lberoamer, Dept Psychol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico -- [Dural, Seda] Izmir Univ Econ, Fac Arts & Sci, Izmir, Turkey -- [Fialova, Jitka] Charles Univ Prague, Dept Zool, Fac Sci, Prague, Czech Republic -- [Fisher, Maryanne] St Marys Univ, Dept Psychol, Halifax, NS, Canada -- [Gulbetekin, Evrim] Akdeniz Univ, Dept Psychol, Antalya, Turkey -- [Akkaya, Aslihan Hamamcioglu -- Koc, Firat] Cumhuriyet Univ, Dept Anthropol, Culty Literature, Sivas, Turkey -- [Hilpert, Peter] Univ Surrey, Sch Psychol, Guildford, Surrey, England -- [Hromatko, Ivana -- Salkicevic, Svjetlana -- Tadinac, Meri] Univ Zagreb, Fac Humanities & Social Sci, Zagreb, Croatia -- [Iesyp, Mariana] Ivan Franko Natl Univ Lviv, Lvov, Ukraine -- [James, Bawo] Fed Neuropsychiat Hosp, Dept Clin Serv, Benin, Nigeria -- [Jaranovic, Jelena] Univ Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia -- [Jiang, Feng] Cent Univ Finance & Econ, Dept Org & Human Resources Management, Beijing, Peoples R China -- [Kimamo, Charles Obadiah] Univ Nairobi, Dept Psychol, Nairobi, Kenya -- [Kjelvik, Grete] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Med & Hlth Sci MH, Trondheim, Norway -- [Macbeth, Guillermo] Natl Univ Entre Rios, Fac Ciencias Educ, Concepcion Del Uruguay, Argentina -- [Marcano, Nicole M.] Philadelphia Univ, Philadelphia, PA USA -- [Martinez, Rocio] Univ Granada, Dept Social Psychol, Granada, Spain -- [Mesko, Norbert] Univ Pecs, Inst Psychol, Pecs, Hungary -- [Qezeli, Khadijeh Moradi] Razi Univ, Dept Agr Extens & Educ, Kermanshah, Iran -- [Motahari, Zahrasadat] Univ Sci & Culture, Inst Psychol, Tehran, Iran -- [Muhlhauser, Alexandra -- Oberzaucher, Elisabeth -- Schmehl, Susanne] Univ Vienna, Fac Life Sci, Vienna, Austria -- [Natividade, Jean Carlos] Pontifical Catholic Univ Rio de Janeiro, Dept Psychol, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil -- [Ntayi, Joseph] Makerere Univ, Sch Business, Fac Comp & Management Sci, Kampala, Uganda -- [Ojedokun, Oluyinka] Adekunle Ajasin Univ, Dept Pure & Appl Psychol, Akungba Akoko, Nigeria -- [Bin Omar-Fauzee, Mohd Sofian] Univ Utara Malaysia, Sch Educ Studies & Modern Languages, Sintok, Malaysia -- [Onyishi, Ike E.] Univ Nigeria, Dept Psychol, Nsukka, Nigeria -- [Pierce, John D., Jr.] Thomas Jefferson Univ, Coll Sci Hlth & Liberal Arts, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA -- [Portugal, Alda] Univ Madeira, Ctr Social Studies, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal -- [Razumiejczyk, Eugenia] Natl Univ Entre Rios, Fac Ciencias Educ, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina -- [Realo, Anu] Univ Tartu, Inst Psychol, Tartu, Estonia -- [Realo, Anu] Univ Warwick, Dept Psychol, Coventry, W Midlands, England -- [Relvas, Ana Paula] Univ Coimbra, Ctr Social Studies, Coimbra, Portugal -- [Rivas, Maria] Univ Magdalena, Santa Marta, Colombia -- [Rizwan, Muhammad] Univ Karachi, Inst Clin Psychol, Karachi, Pakistan -- [Sarmany-Schuller, Ivan] Ctr Social & Psychol Sci SAS, Inst Expt Psychol, Bratislava, Slovakia -- [Senyk, Oksana] Ivan Franko Natl Univ Lviv, Dept Psychol, Lvov, Ukraine -- [Sinding, Charlotte] INRA, CSGA, Dijon, France -- [Sorbring, Emma] Univ West, Ctr Child & Youth Studies, Trollhattan, Sweden -- [Stamkou, Eftychia] Univ Amsterdam, Dept Social Psychol, Amsterdam, Netherlands -- [Stoyanova, Stanislava] South West Univ Neofit Rilski, Dept Psychol, Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria -- [Sukolova, Denisa] Matej Bel Univ Banska Bystrica, Educ Res Ctr, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia -- [Sutresna, Nina] Univ Pendidikan Indonesia, Jurusan Pendidikan Kepelatihan, Bandung, Indonesia -- [Tapanya, Sombat] Chiang Mai Univ, Dept Psychiat, Chiang Mai, Thailand -- [Teras, Andero] Mottemaru OU, Tartu, Estonia -- [Ponciano, Edna Lucia Tinoco] Univ Estado Rio De Janeiro, Inst Psychol, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil -- [Tripathi, Ritu] Indian Inst Management Bangalore, Org Behav & Human Resource Management, Bangalore, Karnataka, India -- [Tripathi, Nachiketa] Indian Inst Technol Guwahati, Dept Humanities & Social Sci, Gauhati, India -- [Tripathi, Mamta] SRM Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Management, Madras, Tamil Nadu, India -- [Uhryn, Olja] Lviv State Univ Internal Affairs, Fac Psychol, Lvov, Ukraine -- [Yoo, Gyesook] Kyung Hee Univ, Dept Child & Family Studies, Seoul, South Korea, Karwowski, Maciej -- 0000-0001-6974-1673, Stoyanova, Stanislava -- 0000-0002-8873-9285, Relvas, Ana Paula -- 0000-0001-9011-2230, Hilpert, Peter -- 0000-0001-9424-3019, Ahmadi, Khodabakhsh -- 0000-0001-8969-8449, Cantarero, Katarzyna -- 0000-0003-2720-484X, Sukolova, Denisa -- 0000-0002-4509-1458, Aryeetey, Richmond -- 0000-0003-4667-592X, Mesko, Norbert -- 0000-0002-4355-9563, razumiejczyk, eugenia -- 0000-0003-0762-1558, Sorokowski, Piotr -- 0000-0001-9225-9965, Sinding, Charlotte -- 0000-0002-0887-4429, Natividade, Jean Carlos -- 0000-0002-3264-9352, Macbeth, Guillermo -- 0000-0001-9843-0524, and Lopes, Fivia -- 0000-0002-8388-9786

Subjects
Male, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Culture, Globe, Behavioral Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Social Norms, Faculdade de Artes e Humanidades, smell, Aged, 80 and over, Social communication, 4. Education, Social distance, 05 social sciences, Middle Aged, Sensory Systems, Smell, medicine.anatomical_structure, Female, Psychology, Social psychology, olfaction, Adult, Adolescent, odor awareness, culture, BF, Olfaction, 050105 experimental psychology, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Physiology (medical), medicine, Humans, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Human Development Index, Social Behavior, Aged, Social environment, Odor awareness, Models, Theoretical, Olfactory Perception, Odor, Odorants, Metacognition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

WOS: 000442930300311, PubMed ID: 29955865, Olfaction plays an important role in human social communication, including multiple domains in which people often rely on their sense of smell in the social context. The importance of the sense of smell and its role can however vary inter-individually and culturally. Despite the growing body of literature on differences in olfactory performance or hedonic preferences across the globe, the aspects of a given culture as well as culturally universal individual differences affecting odor awareness in human social life remain unknown. Here, we conducted a large-scale analysis of data collected from 10 794 participants from 52 study sites from 44 countries all over the world. The aim of our research was to explore the potential individual and country-level correlates of odor awareness in the social context. The results show that the individual characteristics were more strongly related than country-level factors to self-reported odor awareness in different social contexts. A model including individual-level predictors (gender, age, material situation, education, and preferred social distance) provided a relatively good fit to the data, but adding country-level predictors (Human Development Index, population density, and average temperature) did not improve model parameters. Although there were some cross-cultural differences in social odor awareness, the main differentiating role was played by the individual differences. This suggests that people living in different cultures and different climate conditions may still share some similar patterns of odor awareness if they share other individual-level characteristics., Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education Iuventus Plus grant [IP2014 043773]; Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University [RG-1439-012]; Estonian Ministry of Education of Science [IUT2-13]; NIR [01201370995], This work was supported by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education Iuventus Plus grant # IP2014 043773 to AS. Data collection in Saudi Arabia was funded by Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University through research group No (RG-1439-012). The data collection in Estonia was supported by institutional research funding (IUT2-13) from the Estonian Ministry of Education of Science and the data collection in Russia was conducted with in the scope of the NIR project, No. 01201370995, "Cross-cultural and interdisciplinary researches. Biosocial and cross-cultural analysis of models of tolerance and basic values of culture in modern society" (MB and DD).

Published
2018

26. Compromises - The Limits of Democracy

Author

Elisabeth Oberzaucher

Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject, Political economy, Political science, Democracy, media_common
Published
2016

27. Assortative mating and the evolution of desirability covariation

Author

Pavol Prokop, Chiemezie S. Atama, Mohammad Madallh Alhabahba, Sarah L. McKerchar, Iskra Herak, Truong Thi Khanh Ha, Ike E. Onyishi, Razi Sultan Siddiqui, Jean Carlos Natividade, Girishwar Misra, Nguyen Van Luot, Barış Özener, Farida Guemaz, Ruta Sargautyte, Edna Lúcia Tinoco Ponciano, Imran Ahmed Khilji, James R. Roney, Mohd Sofian Omar-Fauzee, Tomasz Frackowiak, Berna Ertuğrul, Mons Bendixen, Luis Diego Vega, Rosa María Cueto, Petra Gyuris, Boris Bizumic, Afifa Anjum, Shivantika Sharad, Susanne Schmehl, Mahmoud Boussena, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Katarzyna Pisanski, Mario Sainz, Silvio Donato, Muhammad Rizwan, Alba Moya-Garófano, Torun Lindholm, Karina Ugalde González, Agnieszka Niemczyk, Bojan Musil, Konstantinos Kafetsios, Svjetlana Salkičević, Daria Dronova, Chin Ming Hui, Charlotte Alm, Ernesto León, Nils C. Köbis, Marco Antonio Correa Varella, Trinh Thi Linh, Alvaro Mailhos, Zoi Manesi, Richard Ayebare, Anna Marta Maria Bertoni, Derya Atamtürk Duyar, Raffaella Iafrate, Seda Dural, Ariela Francesca Pagani, Annette Pisanski, Kelly Asao, Rocio Martinez, Aicha Bensafia, Conal Monaghan, Miriam Parise, Gyesook Yoo, Aaron W. Lukaszewski, Grace Akello, Luxi Fang, Vilmante Pakalniskiene, Marcin Czub, Agustín Espinosa, Marina Horvat, Carla Sofia Esteves, András Láng, Maja Zupančič, Emanuel C. Mora, Ignacio Estevan, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, İzzet Duyar, Hakan Cetinkaya, Seda Can, Jorge Contreras Garduño, Franco Simonetti, Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair, Ivana Hromatko, Carlota Batres, Farid Pazhoohi, Katarzyna Cantarero, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Hoang Moc Lan, Feng Jiang, Tina Kavčič, Marina Butovskaya, Daniel Conroy-Beam, Naumana Amjad, Camelia Popa, Piotr Sorokowski, Meri Tadinac, Giulia Lopez, Toivo Aavik, Norbert Meskó, George Nizharadze, Stanislava Stoyanova, Georgina R. Lennard, Dwi Ajeng Widarini, Nicolas Kervyn, Jas Laile Suzana Binti Jaafar, Ivan Sarmány-Schuller, Marta Zaťková, Antonin Carrier, Ilona Croy, David M. Buss, Mária Halamová, Conroy-Beam, D., Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara 93106, United States -- Roney, J.R., Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara 93106, United States -- Lukaszewski, A.W., Department of Psychology, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton 92831, United States -- Buss, D.M., Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, 78712, United States -- Asao, K., Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, 78712, United States -- Sorokowska, A., Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-137, Poland, Smell & Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, 1069, Germany -- Sorokowski, P., Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-137, Poland -- Aavik, T., Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu, Tartu, 50090, Estonia -- Akello, G., Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Gulu University, Gulu 0, Uganda -- Alhabahba, M.M., English Language Department, Middle East University, Amman, 11181, Jordan -- Alm, C., Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden -- Amjad, N., Institute of Applied Psychology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan -- Anjum, A., Institute of Applied Psychology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan -- Atama, C.S., Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410002, Nigeria -- Atamtürk Duyar, D., Deparment of Anthropology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, 34452, Turkey -- Ayebare, R., North Star Alliance, NA, Kampala 0, Uganda -- Batres, C., Department of Psychology, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, 17603, United States -- Bendixen, M., Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Technology and Science (NTNU), Trondheim, 7491, Norway -- Bensafia, A., EFORT, Department of Sociology, University of Algiers 2, Algiers, 16000, Algeria -- Bertoni, A., Department of Psychology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, 20123, Italy -- Bizumic, B., Research School of Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, Australia -- Boussena, M., EFORT, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Algiers 2, Algiers, 16000, Algeria -- Butovskaya, M., Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation, Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation -- Can, S., Department of Psychology, Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, 35300, Turkey -- Cantarero, K., Faculty in Sopot, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Sopot, 03-815, Poland -- Carrier, A., Psychology Faculty (CECOS), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium -- Cetinkaya, H., Department of Psychology, Ankara University, Ankara, 6560, Turkey -- Croy, I., Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, 1069, Germany -- Cueto, R.M., Grupo de Psicología Política y Social (GPPS), Departamento de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, 15088, Peru -- Czub, M., Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-137, Poland -- Donato, S., Department of Psychology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, 20123, Italy -- Dronova, D., Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation -- Dural, S., Department of Psychology, Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, 35300, Turkey -- Duyar, I., Deparment of Anthropology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, 34452, Turkey -- Ertugrul, B., Deparment of Anthropology, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, 58140, Turkey -- Espinosa, A., Grupo de Psicología Política y Social (GPPS), Departamento de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, 15088, Peru -- Estevan, I., Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de la República, Motevideo, 11200, Uruguay -- Esteves, C.S., Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), CIS-IUL, Lisboa, 1649-026, Portugal -- Fang, L., Department of Psychology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong -- Frackowiak, T., Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-137, Poland -- Contreras Garduño, J., Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia UNAM, Morelia, 58190, Mexico -- González, K.U., Psychology Department, Universidad Latina de Costa Rica, San José, 11501, Costa Rica -- Guemaz, F., EFORT, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Setif 2, Setif, 16000, Algeria -- Gyuris, P., Institute of Psychology, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary -- Halamová, M., Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Department of Psychological Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, 94974, Slovakia -- Herak, I., Louvain Research Institute in Management and Organisations (LOURiM), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium -- Horvat, M., Faculty of Arts, Department of Psychology, University of Maribor, Maribor, 2000, Slovenia -- Hromatko, I., Department of Psychology, Faculty for Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia -- Hui, C.-M., Department of Psychology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong -- Iafrate, R., Department of Psychology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, 20123, Italy -- Jaafar, J.L., Dept of Educational Psychology and Counseling, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia -- Jiang, F., Organization and Human Resource Management, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, 102202, China -- Kafetsios, K., Psychology Department, University of Crete, Rethymno, 70013, Greece -- Kav?i?, T., Faculty of Education, University of Primorska, Koper, 6000, Slovenia -- Kennair, L.E.O., Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Technology and Science (NTNU), Trondheim, 7491, Norway -- Kervyn, N., Louvain Research Institute in Management and Organisations (LOURiM), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium -- Ha, T.T.K., Department of Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam -- Khilji, I.A., Department of Psychology, F.G. College for Men, F-j/d, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan -- Köbis, N.C., Center for Research in Experimental Economics and Political Decision Mating, Department of Economics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081, Netherlands -- Lan, H.M., Department of Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam -- Láng, A., Institute of Psychology, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary -- Lennard, G.R., Research School of Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, Australia -- León, E., Grupo de Psicología Política y Social (GPPS), Departamento de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, 15088, Peru -- Lindholm, T., Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden -- Linh, T.T., Department of Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam -- Lopez, G., Department of Psychology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, 20123, Italy -- Van Luot, N., Department of Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam -- Mailhos, A., Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de la República, Motevideo, 11200, Uruguay -- Manesi, Z., Department of Experimental & Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081, Netherlands -- Martinez, R., Department of Social Psychology, University of Granada, Grenada, 18010, Spain -- McKerchar, S.L., Research School of Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, Australia -- Meskó, N., Institute of Psychology, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary -- Misra, G., Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110021, India -- Monaghan, C., Research School of Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, Australia -- Mora, E.C., Department of Animal and Human Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana, Havana 0, Cuba -- Moya-Garófano, A., Department of Social Psychology, University of Granada, Grenada, 18010, Spain -- Musil, B., Faculty of Arts, Department of Psychology, University of Maribor, Maribor, 2000, Slovenia -- Natividade, J.C., Department of Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 22451-000, Brazil -- Niemczyk, A., Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-137, Poland -- Nizharadze, G., Department of Social Sciences, Free Unviersity of Tbilisi, Tbilisi 2, Georgia -- Oberzaucher, E., Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria -- Oleszkiewicz, A., Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-137, Poland, Smell & Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, 1069, Germany -- Omar-Fauzee, M.S., School of Education, Universiti Uteara Malaysia, Sintok, 6010, Malaysia -- Onyishi, I.E., Department of Psychology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410002, Nigeria -- Özener, B., Deparment of Anthropology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, 34452, Turkey -- Pagani, A.F., Department of Psychology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, 20123, Italy -- Pakalniskiene, V., Institute of Psychology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, 1513, Lithuania -- Parise, M., Department of Psychology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, 20123, Italy -- Pazhoohi, F., Department of Basic Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal -- Pisanski, A., Department of Animal and Human Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana, Havana 0, Cuba -- Pisanski, K., Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-137, Poland, Mammal Vocal Communication & Cognition Research Group, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9RH, United Kingdom -- Ponciano, E., Institute of Psychology, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-901, Brazil -- Popa, C., Department of Psychology, Faculty for Humanities and Social Sciences, UNATC-CINETIc, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, 30167, Romania -- Prokop, P., Department of Environmental Ecology, Comenius University, Bratislava, 842 15, Slovakia, Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, 845 06, Slovakia -- Rizwan, M., The Delve Pvt Ltd, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan -- Sainz, M., Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center, Department of Social Psychology, University of Granada, Grenada, 18010, Spain -- Salki?evi?, S., Department of Psychology, Faculty for Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia -- Sargautyte, R., Institute of Psychology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, 1513, Lithuania -- Sarmány-Schuller, I., Center for Social and Psychological Sciences, Institute of Experimental Psychology SAS, Bratislava, 841 04, Slovakia -- Schmehl, S., Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1010, Austria -- Sharad, S., Department of Applied Psychology, Vivekananda College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110021, India -- Siddiqui, R.S., Department of Management Sciences, DHA Suffa University, Karachi, 75500, Pakistan -- Simonetti, F., School of Psychology, P. Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, 8331150, Chile -- Stoyanova, S.Y., Department of Psychology, South-West University 'Neofit Rilski', Blagoevgrad, 2700, Bulgaria -- Tadinac, M., Department of Psychology, Faculty for Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia -- Varella, M.A.C., Department of Experimental Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 03178-200, Brazil -- Vauclair, C.-M., Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), CIS-IUL, Lisboa, 1649-026, Portugal -- Vega, L.D., Psychology Department, Universidad Latina de Costa Rica, San José, 11501, Costa Rica -- Widarini, D.A., Department of Communication, University Prof. Dr. Moestopo (Beragama), Jakarta, 10270, Indonesia -- Yoo, G., Dept. of Child & Family Studies, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 024-47, South Korea -- Za?ková, M., Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Department of Psychological Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, 94974, Slovakia -- Zupan?i?, M., Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia, Microeconomics (ASE, FEB), Experimental and Political Economics / CREED (ASE, FEB), Faculteit Economie en Bedrijfskunde, and UCL - SSH/LouRIM - Louvain Research Institute in Management and Organizations

Subjects
05 social sciences, Assortative mating, 050109 social psychology, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Biology, 050105 experimental psychology, Settore M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE, Trait covariation, Agent-based modeling, Cross-cultural studies, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Mate choice, Evolutionary biology, Trait, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Mate choice lies close to differential reproduction, the engine of evolution. Patterns of mate choice consequently have power to direct the course of evolution. Here we provide evidence suggesting one pattern of human mate choice—the tendency for mates to be similar in overall desirability—caused the evolution of a structure of correlations that we call the d factor. We use agent-based models to demonstrate that assortative mating causes the evolution of a positive manifold of desirability, d, such that an individual who is desirable as a mate along any one dimension tends to be desirable across all other dimensions. Further, we use a large cross-cultural sample with n = 14,478 from 45 countries around the world to show that this d-factor emerges in human samples, is a cross-cultural universal, and is patterned in a way consistent with an evolutionary history of assortative mating. Our results suggest that assortative mating can explain the evolution of a broad structure of human trait covariation. © 2019, National Foundation for Science and Technology Development START, Global Change System for Analysis, Research, and Training Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej National Foundation for Science and Technology Development, We thank everyone who participated in this study as well as the research assistants who assisted in translating forms, recruiting participants, and inputting data. The work of Truong Thi Khanh Ha was supported by grants 501.01-2016.02 from the Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED). Anna Oleszkiewicz was supported by the Foundation for Polish Science (START scholarship). This study was conducted in line with project NIR ? 01201370995 “Cross-cultural and interdisciplinary researches. Biosocial and cross-cultural analysis of models of tolerance and basic values of culture in modern society” (Marina Butovskaya and Daria Dronova). Appendix A

Published
2019

29. Preferred interpersonal distances: a global comparison

Author

Grete Kjelvik, Ritu Tripathi, Gyesook Yoo, Hakan Cetinkaya, Maria Rivas, Olja Uhryn, Joseph Mpeera Ntayi, Felipe Nalon Castro, Daria Dronova, Alejandra del Carmen Domínguez Espinosa, Oksana Senyk, Bawo O. James, Karim Bettache, Alexandra Mühlhauser, Mariana Iesyp, Ivana Hromatko, Oana A. David, Ana Paula Relvas, Andero Teras, Fahd A. Dileym, Anu Realo, Nachiketa Tripathi, Amos Laar, Fırat Koç, Stanislava Stoyanova, Meri Tadinac, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Marta Błażejewska, Eugenia Razumiejczyk, Jean Carlos Natividade, Edna Lúcia Tinoco Ponciano, John D. Pierce, Daniel David, Ike E. Onyishi, Khadijeh Moradi, Evrim Gülbetekin, Ahmad M. Alghraibeh, Oluyinka Ojedokun, Ivan Sarmány-Schuller, Sheyla Blumen, Maria Emília Yamamoto, Muhammad Rizwan, Charlotte Sinding, Natalya Molodovskaya, Aslıhan Hamamcıoğlu Akkaya, Khodabakhsh Ahmadi, Silvio Donato, Susanne Schmehl, Nicole M. Marcano, Fívia de Araújo Lopes, Seda Dural, Alda Portugal, Denisa Šukolová, Mohd Sofian Omar-Fauzee, Rocio Martinez, Mamta Tripathi, Raffaella Iafrate, Guillermo Macbeth, Nina Sutresna, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Svjetlana Salkičević, Jitka Fialová, Norbert Meskó, Anna Paluszak, Tiago Bortolini, Tomasz Frackowiak, Richmond Aryeetey, Charles O. Kimamo, Anna Marta Maria Bertoni, Zahrasadat Motahari, Peter Hilpert, Katarzyna Cantarero, Feng Jiang, Eftychia Stamkou, Diana Cunha, Marina Butovskaya, Piotr Sorokowski, Jelena Jaranovic, Maryanne L. Fisher, [Sorokowska, Agnieszka -- Sorokowski, Piotr -- Frackowiak, Tomasz -- Blazejewska, Marta -- Molodovskaya, Natalya -- Paluszak, Anna] Univ Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland -- [Hilpert, Peter] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA -- [Cantarero, Katarzyna] SWPS Univ Social Sci & Humanities, Sopot, Poland -- [Ahmadi, Khodabakhsh] Baqiyatallah Univ Med Sci, Tehran, Iran -- [Alghraibeh, Ahmad M. -- Dileym, Fahd A.] King Saud Univ, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia -- [Aryeetey, Richmond -- Laar, Amos] Univ Ghana, Legon, Ghana -- [Bertoni, Anna -- Donato, Silvia -- Iafrate, Raffaella] Catholic Univ Milan, Milan, Italy -- [Bettache, Karim] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China -- [Blumen, Sheyla] Pontificia Univ Catolica Peru, Lima, Peru -- [Bortolini, Tiago] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil -- [Bortolini, Tiago] DOr Inst Res & Educ, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil -- [Butovskaya, Marina -- Dronova, Daria] Inst Ethnol & Anthropol RAS, Moscow, Russia -- [Butovskaya, Marina] Russian State Univ Humanities, Moscow, Russia -- [Butovskaya, Marina] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia -- [Castro, Felipe Nalon -- Lopes, Fivia de Araujo -- Yamamoto, Maria Emilia] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil -- [Cetinkaya, Hakan] Ankara Univ, Ankara, Turkey -- [Cunha, Diana -- Portugal, Alda -- Relvas, Ana Paula] Univ Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal -- [David, Daniel -- David, Oana A.] Babes Bolyai Univ, Cluj Napoca, Romania -- [Dominguez Espinosa, Alejandra del Carmen] Univ Iberoamer Ciudad Mexico, Mexico City, DF, Mexico -- [Dural, Seda] Izmir Univ Econ, Izmir, Turkey -- [Fialova, Jitka] Charles Univ Prague, Prague, Czech Republic -- [Fisher, Maryanne] St Marys Univ, Halifax, NS, Canada -- [Gulbetekin, Evrim] Akdeniz Univ, Antalya, Turkey -- [Akkaya, Aslihan Hamamcioglu -- Koc, Firat] Cumhuriyet Univ, Sivas, Turkey -- [Hromatko, Ivana -- Salkicevic, Svjetlana -- Tadinac, Meri] Univ Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia -- [Iesyp, Mariana -- Senyk, Oksana] Ivan Franko Natl Univ Lviv, Lvov, Ukraine -- [James, Bawo] Fed Neuropsychiat Hosp, Benin, Nigeria -- [Jaranovic, Jelena] Univ Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia -- [Jiang, Feng] Cent Univ Finance & Econ, Beijing, Peoples R China -- [Kimamo, Charles Obadiah] Univ Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya -- [Kjelvik, Grete] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Trondheim, Norway -- [Macbeth, Guillermo -- Razumiejczyk, Eugenia] Natl Univ Entre Rios, Concepcion Del Uruguay, Argentina -- [Marcano, Nicole M. -- Pierce, John D.] Philadelphia Univ, Philadelphia, PA USA -- [Martinez, Rocio] Univ Granada, Granada, Spain -- [Mesko, Norbert] Univ Pecs, Pecs, Hungary -- [Moradi, Khadijeh] Razi Univ, Kermanshah, Iran -- [Motahari, Zahrasadat] Univ Sci & Culture, Tehran, Iran -- [Muehlhauser, Alexandra -- Oberzaucher, Elisabeth -- Schmehl, Susanne] Univ Vienna, Vienna, Austria -- [Natividade, Jean Carlos] Pontifical Catholic Univ Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil -- [Ntayi, Joseph] Makerere Univ, Sch Business, Kampala, Uganda -- [Ojedokun, Oluyinka] Adekunle Ajasin Univ, Akungba Akoko, Nigeria -- [Bin Omar-Fauzee, Mohd Sofian] Univ Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Malaysia -- [Onyishi, Ike E.] Univ Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria -- [Realo, Anu] Univ Warwick, Coventry, W Midlands, England -- [Realo, Anu] Univ Tartu, Tartu, Estonia -- [Rivas, Maria] Univ Magdalena, Santa Marta, Colombia -- [Rizwan, Muhammad] Univ Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan -- [Sarmany-Schuller, Ivan] Constantine Philosopher Univ Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia -- [Sinding, Charlotte] Tech Univ Dresden, Dresden, Germany -- [Stamkou, Eftychia] Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands -- [Stoyanova, Stanislava] South West Univ Neofit Rilski, Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria -- [Sukolova, Denisa] Matej Bel Univ Banska Bystrica, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia -- [Sutresna, Nina] Univ Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia -- [Teras, Andero] Mottemaru OU, Tartu, Estonia -- [Tinoco Ponciano, Edna Lucia] Univ Estado Rio De Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil -- [Tripathi, Ritu] Indian Inst Management Bangalore, Bangalore, Karnataka, India -- [Tripathi, Nachiketa -- Tripathi, Mamta] Indian Inst Technol Guwahati, Gauhati, India -- [Uhryn, Olja] Lviv State Univ Internal Affairs, Lvov, Ukraine -- [Yoo, Gyesook] Kyung Hee Univ, Seoul, South Korea, Ponciano, Edna -- 0000-0002-8606-1095, Gulbetekin, Evrim -- 0000-0002-9359-3110, David, Oana -- 0000-0001-8706-1778, Fialova, Jitka -- 0000-0003-2419-7461, Relvas, Ana Paula -- 0000-0001-9011-2230, Stoyanova, Stanislava -- 0000-0002-8873-9285, Ojedokun, Oluyinka -- 0000-0002-3497-4618, Tadinac, Meri -- 0000-0002-3770-9000, Sukolova, Denisa -- 0000-0002-4509-1458, Sorokowski, Piotr -- 0000-0001-9225-9965, Salkicevic-Pisonic, Svjetlana -- 0000-0003-1514-2805, Macbeth, Guillermo -- 0000-0001-9843-0524, Mesko, Norbert -- 0000-0002-4355-9563, Blumen -- 0000-0002-9960-7413, Hromatko, Ivana -- 0000-0002-3837-1929, Aryeetey, Richmond -- 0000-0003-4667-592X, Laar, Amos -- 0000-0001-5557-0164, Butovskaya, Marina -- 0000-0002-5528-0519, Cantarero, Katarzyna -- 0000-0003-2720-484X, Ahmadi, Khodabakhsh -- 0000-0001-8969-8449, Cetinkaya, Hakan -- 0000-0001-5585-8678, Sinding, Charlotte -- 0000-0002-0887-4429, Lopes, Fivia -- 0000-0002-8388-9786, razumiejczyk, eugenia -- 0000-0003-0762-1558, Portugal, Alda -- 0000-0001-8951-2077, Natividade, Jean Carlos -- 0000-0002-3264-9352, University of Wroclaw, University of Washington [Seattle], University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, King Saud University [Riyadh] (KSU), University of Ghana, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Roma] (Unicatt), The Chinese University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong], Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Russian State University of the Humanities, Moscow State University, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte [Natal] (UFRN), Ankara University, Universidade de Coimbra, Babes-Bolyai University [Cluj-Napoca] (UBB), Universidad Iberoamericana, Izmir University of Economics (IUE), Charles University [Prague] (CU), Saint Mary's University of Minnesota, Akdeniz University, Department of Geology, Cumhuriyet University (CU Sivas), University of Zagreb, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital, Partenaires INRAE, University of Belgrade, Central University of Finance and Economics [Beijing], University of Nairobi (UoN), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), National University, Philadelphia University, Universidad de Granada (UGR), University of Pecs, Razi University, University of Science and Culture (USC), University of Vienna [Vienna], Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Makerere University Kampala (MUK), Adekunle Ajasin University, Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM), university of Nigeria, University of Warwick, University of Tartu, Universidad del Magdalena (COLOMBIA), University of Karachi, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), South-West University 'Neofit Rilski', Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro [Rio de Janeiro] (UERJ), Indian Institute of Management Bangalore (IIMB), Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IIT Guwahati), State University, Kyung Hee University (KHU), Czech Science Foundation [GAČR P407/16/03899S], Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education: Iuventus Plus grant [IP2014 043773], Polish National Science Centre ETIUDA scholarship [2013/08/T/HS6/00408], Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University, Grant Agency of Czech Republic [GAUK 918214], Sociale Psychologie (Psychologie, FMG), Ivana Hromatko, Hakan Çetinkaya, Jean Natividade, Karim Bettache, Katarzyna Cantarero, mohd sofian omar-fauzee, Meri Tadinac, Olha Uhryn, Fivia Lopes, Tomasz Frackowiak, Oksana Senyk, elisabeth oberzaucher, eugenia razumiejczyk, Diana Cunha, Nina Sutresna, Amos Laar, Guillermo Eduardo Macbeth, Svjetlana Salkicevic-Pisonic, Alda Portugal, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Seda Dural, Charlotte Sinding, Anu Realo, Daria Dronova, Piotr Sorokowski, Jitka Fialová, Ike Onyishi, Sheyla Blumen, Ana Paula P. Relvas, Felipe Castro, Gyesook Yoo, Rocío Martínez, Evrim Gülbetekin, Marina Butovskaya, Norbert Meskó, Ritu Tripathi, Denisa Šukolová, Fırat Koç, Richmond Aryeetey, Nachiketa Tripathi, Stanislava Stoyanova, Edna Ponciano, Khodabakhsh Ahmadi, Oana David, and Oluyinka Ojedokun

Subjects
Cultural Studies, Social Psychology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, Culture, 050109 social psychology, Interpersonal communication, Space (commercial competition), 050105 experimental psychology, CIENCIAS SOCIALES, Interpersonal distance, Proxemics, ddc:390, ddc:150, spatial behavior, Faculdade de Artes e Humanidades, zwischenmenschliche Distanz, räumliches Verhalten, Kultur, Kulturpsychologie, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Generalizability theory, Set (psychology), education, education.field_of_study, Cultural psychology, 4. Education, 05 social sciences, interpersonal distance, Psicología, Settore M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE, culture, Reference data, Variation (linguistics), Spatial behavior, Anthropology, cultural psychology, interpersonal distance, spatial behavior, culture, cultural psychology, Psychology, Social psychology
Abstract

WOS: 000399920900008, Human spatial behavior has been the focus of hundreds of previous research studies. However, the conclusions and generalizability of previous studies on interpersonal distance preferences were limited by some important methodological and sampling issues. The objective of the present study was to compare preferred interpersonal distances across the world and to overcome the problems observed in previous studies. We present an extensive analysis of interpersonal distances over a large data set (N = 8,943 participants from 42 countries). We attempted to relate the preferred social, personal, and intimate distances observed in each country to a set of individual characteristics of the participants, and some attributes of their cultures. Our study indicates that individual characteristics (age and gender) influence interpersonal space preferences and that some variation in results can be explained by temperature in a given region. We also present objective values of preferred interpersonal distances in different regions, which might be used as a reference data point in future studies., Czech Science Foundation [GACR P407/16/03899S]; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education: Iuventus Plus grant [IP2014 043773]; Polish National Science Centre ETIUDA scholarship [2013/08/T/HS6/00408]; Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University; Grant Agency of Czech Republic [GAUK 918214], The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Czech Science Foundation GACR P407/16/03899S grant to Jitka Fialova, Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education: Iuventus Plus grant #IP2014 043773 and Scholarship to Agnieszka Sorokowska for years 2013-2016, Scholarships to Piotr Sorokowski for years 2012-2017, Polish National Science Centre ETIUDA scholarship #2013/08/T/HS6/00408 to Agnieszka Sorokowska, Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University Support to Ahmad M. Alghraibeh, and Grant Agency of Czech Republic GAUK 918214 grant to Jitka Fialova.

Published
2017

32. The Art of Science Communication

Author

Elisabeth Oberzaucher

Subjects
Scientific analysis, business.industry, Perception, media_common.quotation_subject, Phenomenon, Science communication, Sociology, business, media_common, Mass media, Epistemology
Abstract

Two incidents in the last few months inspired me to write this letter. The two cases I report on are random choices. The first case might be of scientific interest for most of our readers, and the second likely had and has a large impact on science communication beyond our discipline. These cases are by far not the only ones in which scientific results were more or less lost in translation on their way from original scientific analysis to perception by mass media consumers. They merely happen to represent two major sources of misunderstandings, thus serving as illustrations for a common phenomenon.

Published
2015

33. Investigating Object Orientation Effects Across 14 Languages

Author

Sau-Chin Chen, Anna Szabelska, Christopher R. Chartier, Zoltan Kekecs, Dermot Lynott, Pablo Bernabeu, Benedict C Jones, Lisa Marie DeBruine, Carmel Levitan, Kaitlyn M. Werner, Kelly Wang, Marina Milyavskaya, Erica D. Musser, Marietta Papadatou-Pastou, Nicholas Alvaro Coles, Steve Janssen, Asil Ali Özdoğru, Daniel Storage, Harry Manley, Benjamin T. Brown, Krystian Barzykowski, Thomas Rhys Evans, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Manyu Li, Leigh Ann Vaughn, Balazs Aczel, Attila Szuts, Carlota Batres, William J. Chopik, Kim Olivia Peters, Jerome Olsen, Martin Voracek, Christian K. Tamnes, Miroslav Sirota, Dawn Liu Holford, Glenn Patrick Williams, Arti Parganiha, Babita Pande, Sraddha Pradhan, Noorshama Parveen, Pratibha Kujur, Priyanka Chandel, Margaret Messiah Singh, Chrystalle B. Y. Tan, John Protzko, Jack Dennis Arnal, Stefan Stieger, Marco Tullio Liuzza, Pavol Kačmár, Jozef Bavolar, Gabriel Baník, Matus Adamkovic, Ivan Ropovik, Peter Babincak, Martin Seehuus, Vanja Kovic, and Kathleen Schmidt

Subjects
03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 05 social sciences, Object-orientation, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, 050105 experimental psychology, Mental rotation, Cognitive psychology
Abstract

Mental simulation theories of language comprehension propose that people automatically create mental representations of real objects. Evidence from sentence-picture verification tasks has shown that people mentally represent various visual properties such as shape, color, and size. However, the evidence for mental simulations of object orientation is limited. We report a study that investigates the match advantage of object orientation across speakers of different languages. This multi-laboratory project aims to achieve two objectives. First, we examine the replicability of the match advantage of object orientation across multiple languages and laboratories. Second, we will use a mental rotation task to measure participants’ mental imagery after the sentence-picture verification task. The relationship between the participants’ performance of the two tasks will provide a cross-linguistic examination of perceptual simulation processes. With the (broad) evaluation of individual mental imagery ability and potential linguistic moderators, we expect a robust estimation of match advantage of object orientation.

Published
2018

34. Homo urbanus : Ein evolutionsbiologischer Blick in die Zukunft der Städte

Author

Elisabeth Oberzaucher and Elisabeth Oberzaucher

Subjects
Psychology, Evolution (Biology), Popular Science, Sociology, Urban, Architecture, Urban geography, Popular works
Abstract

In einer Zeitreise, die in die Frühzeit der menschlichen Vorfahren führt, begibt sich Elisabeth Oberzaucher auf eine spannende Spurensuche nach den evolutionären Rahmenbedingungen, die unsere physische und soziale Umwelt geprägt haben. Sie erklärt die biologischen Wurzeln unseres Verhaltens und zeigt die Herausforderungen des modernen Großstadtlebens auf. Unsere heutige urbane Lebensweise unterscheidet sich teilweise massiv von den Bedingungen, auf die wir im Laufe unserer Evolutionsgeschichte biologische Antworten gefunden haben. Wie verhalten sich Menschen in Städten? Wie müssen Städte beschaffen sein, damit Menschen sich dort wohl fühlen? In einem tiefen Verständnis der menschlichen Natur verankerte Lösungsvorschläge bieten praktische Ansätze für Architekten, Stadtplaner und Privatpersonen.

Published
2017

36. Die vielen Herausforderungen an die Stadtplanung

Author

Elisabeth Oberzaucher

Abstract

Wenn wir die moderne Stadtumwelt als Landschaft betrachten, die unseren evolutionar gepragten Anspruchen genugen soll, so sind verschiedene Aspekte von Belang, die auf unseren Landschaftspraferenzen beruhen. Das unmittelbare Verstehen der Stadtlandschaft hangt von ihrer Organisation und Komplexitat ab: Je koharenter die Anordnung, desto leichter fallt es uns, die raumlichen Muster zu erkennen und einzuordnen. Die Komplexitat wird durch die Anzahl unterschiedlicher Elemente bestimmt.

Published
2017

37. Gesichter immer und überall

Author

Elisabeth Oberzaucher

Abstract

Gesichter spielen in unserer Wahrnehmung eine ganz zentrale Rolle, weil sie in unserer Evolutionsgeschichte eindeutig mit Akteuren assoziiert waren. Etwas, das ein Gesicht hatte, war mit sehr hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit ein Tier oder ein Mensch mit der Fahigkeit, selbst zu agieren. Die Fahigkeit, Akteure von Nicht-Akteuren zu unterscheiden, bringt immense Uberlebensvorteile mit sich.

Published
2017

39. Werkzeugkultur als Problemlösung

Author

Elisabeth Oberzaucher

Abstract

Ein besonders bedeutsamer Vorfahre in unserem Stammbaum ist Homo erectus, also der aufrechte Mensch. Als Homo erectus erstmalig beschrieben wurde, galt er als der fruheste Hominide, der sich auf zwei Beinen fortbewegte, doch spater fand man, dass bereits fruhere Hominiden den aufrechten Gang beherrschten. Die Fusspuren von Laetoli belegen, dass der aufrechte Gang vor uber 3,5 Mio. Jahren entstand und schon bei den Australopithecinen ausgebildet war.

Published
2017

40. Kniffe für den Umgang mit sozialer Komplexität

Author

Elisabeth Oberzaucher

Abstract

Unsere sozialen Fahigkeiten bauen auf unseren evolutionar entstandenen Anlagen auf. Robin Dunbars Hypothese zum sozialen Gehirn postuliert eine Gruppengrose von circa 150 Individuen als jene, mit der unsere Gehirne gerade eben noch zurechtkommen. Die Urbanisierung fuhrt dazu, dass die soziale Komplexitat diese Zahl um mehrere Zehnerpotenzen ubersteigt.

Published
2017

41. Stadtplanerische und architektonische Erfolgsgeschichten

Author

Elisabeth Oberzaucher

Abstract

In einer sehr personlich gefarbten Auswahl von Projekten, die den Menschen in den Mittelpunkt von Planungen stellen, mochte ich veranschaulichen, wie grundlegend die Kenntnis der menschlichen Natur als Planungsinstrument ist.

Published
2017

42. Stadtleben bringt Stress

Author

Elisabeth Oberzaucher

Abstract

Die Grosstadt ist das Habitat der Zukunft. Wie eingangs erlautert, hat das Grosstadtleben sehr viele Vorzuge. An allererster Stelle stehen naturlich die soziookonomischen Vorteile – Ausbildungschancen, kulturelle und soziale Vielfalt ermoglichen das Einschlagen von neuen Lebenswegen.

Published
2017

43. Von Smart Citys zu humanen Städten

Author

Elisabeth Oberzaucher

Abstract

Sogenannte Smart Citys sind ein Schwerpunkt von Forschung und Entwicklung. Die Idee dahinter ist, dass erhohte Effizienz und fortschrittliche Technologien die Lebensqualitat der Bewohner steigern sollen. Infolge der Bestrebungen globaler Konzerne, ihre Produkte zu vermarkten, waren die ersten Entwurfe des Smart-City-Konzeptes noch stark von technologischen Innovationen und technischer Machbarkeit gepragt. Erst spater wurden die Stadte selbst zu Entscheidungstragern, die richtungsgebende Visionen hinsichtlich der kunftigen technologischen Anforderungen des urbanen Daseins formulierten.

Published
2017

44. Das Problem mit Dingen, die allen und niemandem gehören

Author

Elisabeth Oberzaucher

Abstract

Der offentliche Raum, also der auserste Bereich der territorialen Zwiebel, ist gekennzeichnet durch das Nichtvorhandensein einer territorialen Struktur. Es gibt also niemanden, der sich mit dem offentlichen Raum territorial identifiziert und Verantwortung dafur ubernimmt. Dieses Fehlen territorialer Verantwortung bringt Probleme mit sich, die offentliche Ressourcen allgemein betreffen.

Published
2017

45. Wasser – das Elixir des Lebens

Author

Elisabeth Oberzaucher

Abstract

In der Savanne, dem Habitat unserer fruhen Vorfahren, ist Wasser, neben den Pflanzen, die wichtigste, limitierende Ressource, von der alle Lebewesen abhangen. Die Verfugbarkeit von Wasser bestimmt, wie viele Pflanzen wachsen und wie viele Beutetiere sich davon ernahren konnen, und letztlich auch, wie viele Raubtiere.

Published
2017

46. Die Verhaltensbiologie bietet Lösungen

Author

Elisabeth Oberzaucher

Abstract

Unsere Evolutionsgeschichte hat unsere Bedurfnisse und Verhaltenstendenzen geformt. Durch ein Verstandnis unserer biologischen Wurzeln konnen wir diese in der Stadtplanung und Architektur berucksichtigen und so urbane Umwelten gestalten, die menschenwurdige Lebensraume darstellen.

Published
2017

47. Meine Gegend – Nachbarschaften

Author

Elisabeth Oberzaucher

Abstract

Das Heim ist nicht von amorphem offentlichem Raum umgeben, sondern von der Nachbarschaft. Diese gestattet im Idealfall eine Ausdehnung der territorialen Struktur uber die Grenzen des Heimes hinaus. Wir praktizieren Territorialitat folglich auch jenseits des Bereiches, auf den wir einen Besitzanspruch haben: Indem wir uns mit Bereichen im Umfeld der Nachbarschaft identifizieren und sie kontrollieren, entsteht eine territoriale Struktur.

Published
2017

48. Die Stadt befreit und bereichert

Author

Elisabeth Oberzaucher

Abstract

Homo urbanus ist Realitat. Wenn wir betrachten, wie sich die Verstadterung im Laufe der Jahrhunderte entwickelt hat, liegt die Erwartung nahe, dass die Anzahl der Menschen, die in Stadten leben, noch radikaler ansteigen wird als bisher. Im 19. Jahrhundert war das Stadtleben wenigen Menschen vorbehalten: Lediglich 5 % aller Menschen lebten in Stadten.

Published
2017

49. Faszination der Gefahr

Author

Elisabeth Oberzaucher

Abstract

Wir reagieren somit nicht nur auf die Gesamtheit von uberlebensrelevanten Elementen, also auf ganze Pflanzen oder eine sprudelnde Quelle, sondern auch auf einzelne Eigenschaften, die typisch fur diese Elemente sind. Fur Pflanzen ware das beispielsweise die Farbe Grun oder aber auch die fraktale Dimension. Beim Wasser ist es das Glanzende, Glitzernde, das im Laufe unserer Evolutionsgeschichte ausreichend verlasslich auf Wasser hindeutete und so unsere Vorliebe fur glanzende Objekte in unserem Wahrnehmungs- und Kognitionsapparat verankert hat.

Published
2017

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