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8. Neuropeptides in bone and joint tissues : alteration in adjuvant arthitis

Author

Elhassan, Adlan Mahmoud and Elhassan, Adlan Mahmoud

Abstract

In this thesis, the localization, distribution and quantification of met-enkephalin (Met-enk), neurokinin-A and somatostatin in normal bone and joint tissues of the rat have been studied. Moreover, concentration alterations of these neuropeptides at the site of inflammation in the arthritic ankle joints as well as the spinal cords were evaluated. The occurrence of Met-enk in bone and joint tissues was demonstrated using immunoelectron and immunofluorescence microscopy. Met-enk labeling was observed in unmyelinated nerve fibers in periosteum, in synovial, bone marrow and bone cells as well as in bone matrix. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed straight and long Met-enk nerve fibers in periosteum and varicosed nerve fibers in synovial membrane. Quantification of its concentration in these tissues was done using radioimmunoassay (RIA) and high performance liquid chromatographyelectrochemical detection. In cell culture, Met-enk inhibits the growth of osteoblast cells, whereas naltrexone stimulates its growth, denoting that Met-enk action is through opioid receptor. In adjuvant arthritis, Met-enk concentration decreases in chronic arthritic ankles and increases in spinal cords of the same group. The loss of Met-enk concentration in the arthritic ankles could explain pain and hypertrophic changes at the site of inflammation. Neurokinin-A was localized in normal bone and joint tissues using immunoelectron microscopy. It is present in synovial cells, in myelinated nerve fibers in the periosteum, bone marrow cells, and in bone matrix. Using RIA, its concentration in normal and arthritic tissues was studied. Its concentration was significantly increased in ankles and spinal cords of chronic arthritic rats. These changes in adjuvant arthritis may contribute to the pathophysiology of the disease. Somatostatin morphological distribution in bone and joint tissues was studied using immunoelectron microscopy. It is present in myelinated nerve fibers in the periosteum, synovial cel

Published
1998

18. Prolactin, growth hormone, and IGF-1 in ankles and plasma of adjuvant arthritic rats.

Author

Elhassan, Adlan, Adem, Abdu, Suliman, Isam, Mustafa, Amged, Lindgren, J.U, Elhassan, A M, Adem, A, Suliman, I A, and Mustafa, A

Subjects
*RHEUMATOID arthritis, *PROLACTIN, *SOMATOTROPIN, *ANIMAL models in research, *SOMATOMEDIN, *REFERENCE values, *CHRONIC diseases, *BLOOD plasma, *ANKLE, *HUMAN growth hormone, *RATS, *ARTHRITIS, *TISSUE extracts, *ANIMALS, *ACUTE diseases
Abstract

In this study we have investigated the levels of prolactin, growth hormone, and insulin-like growth factor-1 in plasma and in tissue extracts of ankle joints of rats with acute or chronic adjuvant arthritis using enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and radioimmunoassay (RIA). We found a stable content of prolactin in plasma of the different groups but a significantly increased concentration of growth hormone was observed in the plasma of the group with chronic arthritis. Moreover, an increased concentration of insulin-like growth factor-1 was noted in the plasma of the acute group. This evidently had returned to normal levels in the chronic group. In contrast, decreased concentrations of prolactin, growth hormone, and insulin-like growth factor-1 were found in tissue extracts of ankle joints of the group with chronic arthritis. The changes in the levels of these hormones in adjuvant arthritis might suggest that they play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Understanding the mechanism(s) of hormonal participation in adjuvant arthritis may open new treatment strategies for rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1999
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19. Alteration of spinal cord IGFI receptors and skeletal muscle IGFI after hindlimb immobilization in the rat

Author

Suliman, Isam A., Lindgren, J Urban, Gillberg, Per-Göran, Elhassan, Adlan M., Monneron, Christine, and Adem, Abdu

Abstract

THE effects of 4 weeks' hind-limb immobilization on the spinal cord insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) receptors and skeletal muscle IGF-I level was investigated in rats. Quantitative receptor autoradiography using [125I]IGF-I as a ligand was performed to measure IGF-I receptors in cryosections from the lumbar region of the spinal cord. IGF-I receptor levels were significantly higher in all spinal cord laminae on the side ipsilateral to the immobilized limb than in the same spinal level of the controls. Using radioimmunoassay (RIA), IGF-I levels were significantly low in the soleus (SOL), but not the tibialis anterior (TIB) muscles, compared to the controls. The enhancement of the spinal cord IGF-I receptors after hind-limb immobilization may constitute part of the nervous system response to disuse.

Published
1999

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