Search

Your search keyword '"Eley, B."' showing total 506 results
Start Over Author "Eley, B."
506 results on '"Eley, B."'

2. Oral abstracts of the 21st International AIDS Conference 18–22 July 2016, Durban, South Africa

Author

Ericsen, A, Lauck, M, Mohns, M, Dinapoli, S, Mutschler, J, Greene, J, Weinfurter, J, Lehrer‐Brey, G, Crosno, K, Peterson, E, Reynolds, M, Wiseman, R, Burwitz, B, Sacha, J, Friedrich, T, Brenchley, J, O'Connor, D, Xu, C, He, T, Haret‐Richter, G, Franck, D, Policicchio, B, Brocca‐Cofano, E, Ma, D, Stock, J, Tracy, R, Landay, A, Wilson, C, Apetrei, C, Pandrea, I, Wong, EB, Xulu, B, Prakadan, S, Shalek, AK, Lalloo, U, Baijnath, P, Suleman, M, Moodley, V, Mitha, M, Maharaj, P, Costiniuk, C, Nielsen, M, Mhlane, Z, Karim, F, Lewinsohn, D, Ndung'u, T, Pasternak, A, Prins, J, Berkhout, B, Leon‐Fuentes, L, Viveros‐Rogel, M, Vergara‐Mendoza, M, Rodriguez‐Castañón, M, Cardenas‐Ochoa, A, Tello‐Mercado, A, Vega, C, Sierra‐Madero, J, Soto‐Ramirez, L, Perez‐Patrigeon, S, Hensley‐Mcbain, T, Cheu, R, Manuzak, J, Zevin, A, Miller, C, Lee, E, Burgener, A, Klatt, N, Mellins, CA, Abrams, EJ, Dolezal, C, Warne, P, Elkington, K, Bucek, A, Leu, CS, Maskew, M, Bor, J, MacLeod, W, Carmona, S, Sherman, G, Fox, MP, Judd, A, Chappell, E, Doerholt, K, Galli, L, Giaquinto, C, Gibb, D, Goetghebuer, T, Le Coeur, S, Julian, A Noguera, Turkova, A, Goodall, R, Collaboration, European Pregnancy and Paediatric Hiv Cohort, Davies, M‐A, Sawry, S, Phiri, S, Rabie, H, Eley, B, Fatti, G, and Technau, K‐G

Subjects
Mental Health, Pediatric AIDS, Pediatric, Infectious Diseases, Prevention, Digestive Diseases, Pediatric Research Initiative, Clinical Research, Bioengineering, HIV/AIDS, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Health Services, Behavioral and Social Science, Infection, Reproductive health and childbirth, Good Health and Well Being, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Other Medical and Health Sciences
Published
2016

4. Clinical utility of raltegravir for the treatment of HIV infection in children and adolescents

Author

Nuttall J, Meyers T, and Eley B

Subjects
Pediatrics, RJ1-570
Abstract

James Nuttall,1 Tammy Meyers,2 Brian Eley11Paediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; 2Department of Paediatrics, Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South AfricaAbstract: Raltegravir (RAL) is the first integrase strand transfer inhibitor and has been shown to provide potent antiretroviral (ARV) activity against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in both ARV treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced individuals. Following initial US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of RAL for treatment of HIV-1-infected adults in 2007, an ongoing pharmacokinetic, safety, and efficacy study in ARV-experienced children and adolescents led to extension of FDA approval to children and adolescents aged 2–18 years in 2011. Availability of chewable tablets for children aged 2–11 years is a significant advantage, and twice-daily dosing is recommended based on pharmacokinetic parameters. Granules for oral suspension in children 4 weeks to 2 years of age are currently under evaluation and clinical trials in neonates are imminent. Coadministration of RAL and the anti-tuberculosis drug rifampin (RIF) results in reduced RAL exposure. Evaluation of a double RAL dosing strategy in children requiring cotreatment with RIF is planned. RAL is generally well tolerated and has a good overall safety profile. Further data is required for children before RAL can be recommended in first-line ARV treatment regimens. RAL is also under investigation for use in preventing mother-to-child transmission both during pregnancy and in the HIV-exposed neonate. Currently, the main therapeutic role for RAL in children is for treatment failure and multi-drug resistant cases where the inclusion of RAL in combination with optimal background therapy has demonstrated successful outcomes. Increased availability of RAL and the introduction of second-generation integrase inhibitors are likely to further extend the utility of this class of ARV drugs.Keywords: antiretroviral therapy, integrase strand transfer inhibitor, raltegravir, HIV-1

Published
2013

7. Disparities in Dolutegravir Uptake Affecting Females of Reproductive Age With HIV in Low- and Middle-Income Countries After Initial Concerns About Teratogenicity : An Observational Study

Author

Romo, M.L., Patel, R.C., Edwards, J.K., Humphrey, J.M., Musick, B.S., Bernard, C., Maina, M.W., Brazier, E., Castelnuovo, B., Penner, J., Wyka, K., Cardoso, S.W., Ly, P.S., Kunzekwenyika, C., Cortés, C.P., Panczak, R., Kelvin, E.A., Wools-Kaloustian, K.K., Nash, D., Khol, V., Zhang, F.J., Zhao, H.X., Han, N., Lee, M.P., Li, P.C.K., Lam, W., Wong, H.Y., Kumarasamy, N., Ezhilarasi, C., Pujari, S., Joshi, K., Gaikwad, S., Chitalikar, A., Merati, T.P., Wirawan, D.N., Yuliana, F., Yunihastuti, E., Imran, D., Widhani, A., Tanuma, J., Oka, S., Nishijima, T., Choi, J.Y., Na, S., Kim, J.M., Gani, Y.M., Rudi, N.B., Azwa, I., Kamarulzaman, A., Syed Omar, S.F., Ponnampalavanar, S., Ditangco, R., Pasayan, M.K., Mationg, M.L., Chan, Y.J., Ku, W.W., Ke, E., Wu, P.C., Ng, O.T., Lim, P.L., Lee, L.S., Yap, J.K., Avihingsanon, A., Gatechompol, S., Phanuphak, P., Phadungphon, C., Kiertiburanakul, S., Phuphuakrat, A., Chumla, L., Sanmeema, N., Chaiwarith, R., Sirisanthana, T., Praparattanapan, J., Nuket, K., Khuwuwan, S., Kantipong, P., Kambua, P., Nguyen, K.V., Bui, H.V., Nguyen, D.T.H., Nguyen, D.T., Do, C.D., Ngo, A.V., Nguyen, L.T., Sohn, A.H., Ross, J.L., Petersen, B., Law, M.G., Jiamsakul, A., Bijker, R., Rupasinghe, D., Cahn, P., Cesar, C., Fink, V., Sued, O., Dell'Isola, E., Perez, H., Valiente, J., Yamamoto, C., Grinsztejn, B., Veloso, V., Luz, P., de Boni, R., Wagner, S.C., Friedman, R., Moreira, R., Pinto, J., Ferreira, F., Maia, M., de Menezes Succi, R.C., Machado, D.M., de Fátima Barbosa Gouvêa, A., Wolff, M., Rodriguez, M.F., Allendes, G., Pape, J.W., Rouzier, V., Marcelin, A., Perodin, C., Luque, M.T., Padgett, D., Madero, J.S., Ramirez, B.C., Belaunzaran, P., Vega, Y.C., Gotuzzo Herencia, José Eduardo, Mejía Cordero, Fernando Alonso, Carriquiry, G., McGowan, C.C., Shepherd, B.E., Sterling, T., Jayathilake, K., Person, A.K., Rebeiro, P.F., Castilho, J., Duda, S.N., Maruri, F., Vansell, H., Jenkins, C., Kim, A., Lotspeich, S., Pélagie, N., Gateretse, P., Munezero, J., Nitereka, V., Niyongabo, T., Twizere, C., Bukuru, H., Nahimana, T., Baransaka, E., Barasukana, P., Kabanda, E., Manirakiza, M., Ndikumwenayo, F., Biziragusenyuka, J., Munezero, A.M.M., Nforniwe, D.N., Ajeh, R., Ngamani, M.L., Dzudie, A., Mbuh, A., Amadou, D., Yone, E.W.P., Kendowo, E., Akele, C., Clever, A., Kitetele, F., Lelo, P., Tabala, M., Ekembe, C., Kaba, D., Diafouka, M., Ekat, M.H., Nsonde, D.M., Mafoua, A., Christ, M.N., Igirimbabazi, J., Ayinkamiye, N., Uwineza, P., Ndamijimana, E., Habarurema, E., Nyiraneza, M.L., Nyiransabimana, M.L., Tuyisenge, L., Shyaka, C., Kankindi, C., Uwakijijwe, B., Ingabire, M.G., Ndumuhire, J., Nyirabahutu, M.G., Muyango, F., Bihibindi, J.C., Uwamahoro, O., Ndoli, Y., Nsanzimana, S., Mugwaneza, P., Remera, E., Umumararungu, E., Rwibasira, G.N., Habimana, D.S., Gasana, J., Kanyabwisha, F., Kubwimana, G., Muhoza, B., Munyaneza, A., Murenzi, G., Musabyimana, F., Umwiza, F., Ingabire, C., Tuyisenge, P., Butera, A.M., Kabahizi, J., Rurangwa, E., Feza, R., Mukashyaka, E., Benekigeri, C., Musaninyange, J., Adedimeji, A., Anastos, K., Dilorenzo, M., Murchison, L., Ross, J., Yotebieng, M., Addison, D., Jones, H., Kulkarni, S., Tymejczyk, O., Elul, B., Cai, X., Dong, A., Hoover, D., Kim, H.-Y., Li, C., Shi, Q., Lancaster, K., Kuniholm, M., Edmonds, A., Parcesepe, A., Edwards, J., Keiser, O., Kimmel, A., Diero, L., Ayaya, S., Sang, E., Bukusi, E., Mulwa, E., Nyanaro, G., Kasozi, C., Ssemakadde, M., Bwana, M.B., Muyindike, W., Byakwaga, H., Kanyesigye, M., Semeere, A., Matovu, J.M., Nalugoda, F., Wasswa, F.X., Kazyoba, P., Mayige, M., Lyamuya, R.E., Mayanga, F., Ngonyani, K., Lwali, J., Urassa, M., Nyaga, C., Machemba, R., Yiannoutsos, C., Vreeman, R., Syvertsen, J., Kantor, R., Martin, J., Wenger, M., Cohen, C., Kulzer, J., Maartens, G., Bolton, C., Wood, R., Sipambo, N., Tanser, F., Boulle, A., Fatti, G., Mbewe, S., Singh, E., Chimbetete, C., Technau, K., Eley, B., Muhairwe, J., Rafael, I., Fox, M.P., Prozesky, H., Anderegg, N., Ballif, M., Ostinelli, C.H.D., Egger, M., Fenner, L., Haas, A., Hossmann, S., Rohner, E., Riou, J., Skrivankova, V., Smith, L., Taghavi, K., von Groote, P., Wandeler, G., Zaniewski, E., Zürcher, K., Anderson, K., Cornell, M., Davies, M.-A., Iyun, V., Johnson, L., Kassanjee, R., Kehoe, K., Kubjane, M., Maxwell, N., Nyakato, P., Patten, G., Tlali, M., Tsondai, P., de Waal, R., and International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA)

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Prevention, policy, and public health, Adolescent, Pyridones, Reproductive age, HIV Infections, Choice Behavior, Article, Piperazines, chemistry.chemical_compound, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Pregnancy, Epidemiology, Oxazines, Internal Medicine, Medicine, Humans, Maternal Health Services, Cumulative incidence, HIV Integrase Inhibitors, 610 Medicine & health, Developing Countries, Health equity, business.industry, HIV, Contraceptives, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Antiretroviral therapy, Regimen, Pharmaceutical Preparations, chemistry, Dolutegravir, Observational study, Female, Age groups, Safety, business, Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring, 360 Social problems & social services, Demography, Cohort study
Abstract

BACKGROUND The transition to dolutegravir-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) was complicated by an initial safety signal in May 2018 suggesting that exposure to dolutegravir at conception was possibly associated with infant neural tube defects. On the basis of additional evidence, in July 2019, the World Health Organization recommended dolutegravir for all adults and adolescents living with HIV. OBJECTIVE To describe dolutegravir uptake and disparities by sex and age group in LMICs. DESIGN Observational cohort study. SETTING 87 sites that began using dolutegravir in 11 LMICs in the Asia-Pacific; Caribbean, Central and South America network for HIV epidemiology (CCASAnet); and sub-Saharan African regions of the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) consortium. PATIENTS 134��672 patients aged 16 years or older who received HIV care from January 2017 through March 2020. MEASUREMENTS Sex, age group, and dolutegravir uptake (that is, newly initiating ART with dolutegravir or switching to dolutegravir from another regimen). RESULTS Differences in dolutegravir uptake among females of reproductive age (16 to 49 years) emerged after the safety signal. By the end of follow-up, the cumulative incidence of dolutegravir uptake among females 16 to 49 years old was 29.4% (95% CI, 29.0% to 29.7%) compared with 57.7% (CI, 57.2% to 58.3%) among males 16 to 49 years old. This disparity was greater in countries that began implementing dolutegravir before the safety signal and initially had highly restrictive policies versus countries with a later rollout. Dolutegravir uptake was similar among females and males aged 50 years or older. LIMITATION Follow-up was limited to 6 to 8 months after international guidelines recommended expanding access to dolutegravir. CONCLUSION Substantial disparities in dolutegravir uptake affecting females of reproductive age through early 2020 are documented. Although this disparity was anticipated because of country-level restrictions on access, the results highlight its extent and initial persistence. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE National Institutes of Health.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. Identification of Reduced Host Transcriptomic Signatures for Tuberculosis Disease and Digital PCR-Based Validation and Quantification

Author

Gliddon, HD, Kaforou, M, Alikian, M, Habgood-Coote, D, Zhou, C, Oni, T, Anderson, ST, Brent, AJ, Crampin, AC, Eley, B, Heyderman, R, Kern, F, Langford, PR, Ottenhoff, THM, Hibberd, ML, French, N, Wright, VJ, Dockrell, HM, Coin, LJ, Wilkinson, RJ, Levin, M, Gliddon, HD, Kaforou, M, Alikian, M, Habgood-Coote, D, Zhou, C, Oni, T, Anderson, ST, Brent, AJ, Crampin, AC, Eley, B, Heyderman, R, Kern, F, Langford, PR, Ottenhoff, THM, Hibberd, ML, French, N, Wright, VJ, Dockrell, HM, Coin, LJ, Wilkinson, RJ, and Levin, M

Abstract

Recently, host whole blood gene expression signatures have been identified for diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). Absolute quantification of the concentrations of signature transcripts in blood have not been reported, but would facilitate diagnostic test development. To identify minimal transcript signatures, we applied a transcript selection procedure to microarray data from African adults comprising 536 patients with TB, other diseases (OD) and latent TB (LTBI), divided into training and test sets. Signatures were further investigated using reverse transcriptase (RT)-digital PCR (dPCR). A four-transcript signature (GBP6, TMCC1, PRDM1, and ARG1) measured using RT-dPCR distinguished TB patients from those with OD (area under the curve (AUC) 93.8% (CI95% 82.2-100%). A three-transcript signature (FCGR1A, ZNF296, and C1QB) differentiated TB from LTBI (AUC 97.3%, CI95%: 93.3-100%), regardless of HIV. These signatures have been validated across platforms and across samples offering strong, quantitative support for their use as diagnostic biomarkers for TB.

Published
2021

9. Global temporal changes in the proportion of children with advanced disease at the start of combination antiretroviral therapy in an era of changing criteria for treatment initiation

Author

Panayidou, K, Davies, M, Anderegg, N, Egger, M, Fatti, G, Vinikoor, M, Sawry, S, Ehmer, J, Eley, B, Phiri, S, Technau, K, Chimbetete, C, Rabie, H, Boulle, A, Tanser, F, Wood, R, Wools-Kaloustian, K, Vreeman, R, Oyaro, P, Ayaya, S, Nakigozi, G, Musick, B, Yiannoutsos, C, Amorissani-Folquet, M, Takassi, E, Sylla, M, Renner, L, Malateste, K, Desmonde, S, Leroy, V, Kurniati, N, Hansudewechakul, R, Nguyen, L, Ly, P, Truong, K, Kariminia, A, Sohn, A, Edmonds, A, Yumo, H, Dusingize, J, Yotebieng, M, Judd, A, Rojo, P, Smit, C, Grabar, S, Warszwarski, J, Chene, G, Raban, D, Patel, K, Seage, G, Van Dyke, R, Oleske, J, Williams, P, Abzug, M, Succi, R, Machado, D, Pinto, J, Rouzier, V, Luque, M, Mejia, F, Khol, V, Tucker, J, Kumarasamy, N, Saghayam, S, Chandrasekaran, E, Wati, D, Vedaswari, D, Malino, I, Muktiarti, D, Fong, S, Lim, M, Daut, F, Nik Yusoff, N, Mohamad, P, Mohamed, T, Drawis, M, Nallusamy, R, Chan, K, Sudjaritruk, T, Sirisanthana, V, Aurpibul, L, Oberdorfer, P, Denjanta, S, Watanaporn, S, Kongphonoi, A, Lumbiganon, P, Kosalaraksa, P, Tharnprisan, P, Udomphanit, T, Jourdain, G, Puthanakit, T, Anugulruengkitt, S, Phadungphon, C, Chokephaibulkit, K, Lapphra, K, Phongsamart, W, Sricharoenchai, S, Du, Q, Nguyen, C, Do, V, Ha, T, An, V, Khu, D, Pham, A, Le, O, Ross, J, Sethaputra, C, Law, M, Cahn, P, Cesar, C, Fink, V, Sued, O, Dell'Isola, E, Perez, H, Valiente, J, Yamamoto, C, Grinsztejn, B, Veloso, V, Luz, P, de Boni, R, Wagner, S, Friedman, R, Moreira, R, Ferreira, F, Maia, M, de Menezes Succi, R, Barbosa Gouv E A, A, Wolff, M, Cortes, C, Rodriguez, M, Allendes, G, Pape, J, Marcelin, A, Perodin, C, Padgett, D, Madero, J, Ramirez, B, Belaunzaran, P, Vega, Y, Gotuzzo, E, Carriquiry, G, Mcgowan, C, Shepherd, B, Sterling, T, Jayathilake, K, Person, A, Rebeiro, P, Giganti, M, Castilho, J, Duda, S, Maruri, F, Vansell, H, P E Lagie, N, Gateretse, P, Munezero, J, Nitereka, V, Niyongabo, T, Twizere, C, Bukuru, H, Nahimana, T, Biziragusenyuka, J, Manyundo, R, Atsu, K, Mbuh, T, Ajeh, R, Benwi, M, Dzudie, A, Mbuh, A, Ngamani, M, Nkome, V, Amadou, D, Ngassam, E, Pefura Yone, E, Ewanoge, A, Fuhngwa, N, Moki, C, Akele, C, Kitetele, F, Lelo, P, Tabala, M, Okitolonda, E, Wenzi, L, Diafouka, M, Ekat, M, Nsonde, D, Mafou, A, Ntarambirwa, F, Tuyishimire, Y, Hakizimana, T, Ayinkamiye, J, Mukantwali, S, Kayitesi, H, Uwamahoro, O, Habumuremyi, V, Mukamana, J, Kubwimana, G, Mugenzi, P, Muhoza, B, Munyaneza, A, Ndahiro, E, Nyiransabimana, D, D'Amour Sinayobye, J, Sugira, V, Benekigeri, C, Mbaraga, G, Adedimeji, A, Anastos, K, Dilorenzo, M, Murchison, L, Addison, D, Baker, M, Brazier, E, Jones, H, Kelvin, E, Kulkarni, S, Nash, D, Tymejczyk, O, Elul, B, Cai, X, Hoover, D, Kim, H, Li, C, Shi, Q, Lancaster, K, Kuniholm, M, Parcesepe, A, Kimmel, A, Mcnairy, M, Diero, L, Plus, A, Bukusi, E, Ssali, J, Nalugoda, F, Somi, G, Lyamuya, R, Ngonyani, K, Lugina, E, Urassa, M, Michael, D, Zannou, M, Poda, A, Sarfo, F, Messou, E, Chenal, H, Minga, K, Bissagnene, E, Tanon, A, Seydi, M, Patassi, A, Koumakpai-Adeothy, S, N'Gbeche, S, Bosse, C, Kouakou, K, Folquet, M, Eboua, F, Traore, F, Dabis, F, Arrive, E, Balestre, E, Becquet, R, Bernard, C, Arikawa, S, Doring, A, Jaquet, A, Rabourdin, E, Tiendrebeogo, T, Jesson, J, Ekouevi, D, Azani, J, Coffi E, P, Gnepa, G, Kouadio, C, Tchounga, B, Maartens, G, Lettow, M, Muhairwe, J, Jores, A, Kamenova, K, Fox, M, Prozesky, H, Zangerle, R, Touloumi, G, Warszawski, J, Meyer, L, Krause, M, Ghosn, J, Leport, C, Wittkop, L, Reiss, P, Wit, F, Prins, M, Bucher, H, Gibb, D, Fatkenheuer, G, Del Amo, J, Obel, N, Thorne, C, Mocroft, A, Kirk, O, Stephan, C, Perez-Hoyos, S, Hamouda, O, Bartmeyer, B, Chkhartishvili, N, Noguera-Julian, A, Antinori, A, D'Arminio Monforte, A, Brockmeyer, N, Prieto, L, Conejo, P, Soriano-Arandes, A, Battegay, M, Kouyos, R, Mussini, C, Tookey, P, Casabona, J, Miro, J, Castagna, A, Konopnick, D, Goetghebuer, T, Sonnerborg, A, Torti, C, Sabin, C, Teira, R, Garrido, M, Haerry, D, de Wit, S, Costagliola, D, Raben, D, Barger, D, Schwimmer, C, Termote, M, Campbell, M, Frederiksen, C, Friis-Moller, N, Kjaer, J, Brandt, R, Berenguer, J, Bohlius, J, Bouteloup, V, Cozzi-Lepri, A, Dorrucci, M, Dunn, D, Furrer, H, Guiguet, M, Lambotte, O, Lodi, S, Matheron, S, Monge, S, Nakagawa, F, Paredes, R, Phillips, A, Puoti, M, Rohner, E, Schomaker, M, Sterne, J, Thiebaut, R, van der Valk, M, Hazra, R, Heckman, B, O'Gara, E, Siminski, S, Panayidou K., Davies M. -A., Anderegg N., Egger M., Fatti G., Vinikoor M., Sawry S., Ehmer J., Eley B., Phiri S., Technau K. -G. u. N., Chimbetete C., Rabie H., Boulle A., Tanser F., Wood R., Wools-Kaloustian K., Vreeman R., Oyaro P., Ayaya S., Nakigozi G., Musick B., Yiannoutsos C., Amorissani-Folquet M., Takassi E., Sylla M., Renner L., Malateste K., Desmonde S., Leroy V., Kurniati N., Hansudewechakul R., Nguyen L. V., Ly P. S., Truong K. H., Kariminia A., Sohn A. H., Edmonds A., Yumo H. A., Dusingize J. C., Yotebieng M., Judd A., Rojo P., Smit C., Grabar S., Warszwarski J., Chene G., Raban D., Patel K., Seage G. R., Van Dyke R. B., Oleske J., Williams P. L., Abzug M. J., Succi R., Machado D. M., Pinto J., Rouzier V., Luque M., Mejia F., Khol V., Tucker J., Kumarasamy N., Saghayam S., Chandrasekaran E., Wati D. K., Vedaswari D., Malino I. Y., Muktiarti D., Fong S. M., Lim M., Daut F., Nik Yusoff N. K., Mohamad P., Mohamed T. J., Drawis M. R., Nallusamy R., Chan K. C., Sudjaritruk T., Sirisanthana V., Aurpibul L., Oberdorfer P., Denjanta S., Watanaporn S., Kongphonoi A., Lumbiganon P., Kosalaraksa P., Tharnprisan P., Udomphanit T., Jourdain G., Puthanakit T., Anugulruengkitt S., Phadungphon C., Chokephaibulkit K., Lapphra K., Phongsamart W., Sricharoenchai S., Du Q. T., Nguyen C. H., Do V. C., Ha T. M., An V. T., Khu D. T. K., Pham A. N., Nguyen L. T., Le O. N., Ross J. L., Sethaputra C., Law M. G., Cahn P., Cesar C., Fink V., Sued O., Dell'isola E., Perez H., Valiente J., Yamamoto C., Grinsztejn B., Veloso V., Luz P., de Boni R., Wagner S. C., Friedman R., Moreira R., Ferreira F., Maia M., de Menezes Succi R. C., Barbosa Gouv E A A. F. a. T., Wolff M., Cortes C., Rodriguez M. F., Allendes G., Pape J. W., Marcelin A., Perodin C., Luque M. T., Padgett D., Madero J. S., Ramirez B. C., Belaunzaran P., Vega Y. C., Gotuzzo E., Carriquiry G., McGowan C. C., Shepherd B. E., Sterling T., Jayathilake K., Person A. K., Rebeiro P. F., Giganti M., Castilho J., Duda S. N., Maruri F., Vansell H., P E Lagie N., Gateretse P., Munezero J., Nitereka V., Niyongabo T., Twizere C., Bukuru H., Nahimana T., Biziragusenyuka J., Manyundo R. S., Atsu K., Mbuh T., Ajeh R., Benwi M., Dzudie A., Mbuh A., Ngamani M. L., Nkome V., Amadou D., Ngassam E., Pefura Yone E. W., Ewanoge A. N., Fuhngwa N., Moki C., Akele C., Kitetele F., Lelo P., Tabala M., Okitolonda E. W., Wenzi L., Diafouka M., Ekat M. H., Nsonde D. M., Mafou A., Ntarambirwa F., Tuyishimire Y., Hakizimana T., Ayinkamiye J., Mukantwali S., Kayitesi H., Uwamahoro O., Habumuremyi V., Mukamana J., Kubwimana G., Mugenzi P., Muhoza B., Munyaneza A., Ndahiro E., Nyiransabimana D., D'Amour Sinayobye J., Sugira V., Benekigeri C., Mbaraga G., Adedimeji A., Anastos K., Dilorenzo M., Murchison L., Ross J., Addison D., Baker M., Brazier E., Jones H., Kelvin E., Kulkarni S., Nash D., Tymejczyk O., Elul B., Cai X., Hoover D., Kim H. -Y., Li C., Shi Q., Lancaster K., Kuniholm M., Parcesepe A., Duda S., Kimmel A., McNairy M., Diero L., Plus A. M. P. A. T. H., Bukusi E., Ssali J., Nalugoda F., Somi G. R., Lyamuya R. E., Ngonyani K., Lugina E., Urassa M., Michael D., Zannou M. D., Poda A., Sarfo F. S., Messou E., Chenal H., Minga K. A., Bissagnene E., Tanon A., Seydi M., Patassi A. A., Koumakpai-Adeothy S. A., Renner L. A., N'gbeche S. M., Bosse C. A., Kouakou K., Folquet M. A., Eboua F. c. O. T., Traore F. D., Dabis F. c. O., Arrive E., Balestre E., Becquet R., Bernard C., Arikawa S. C., Doring A., Jaquet A., Rabourdin E., Tiendrebeogo T., Jesson J., Ekouevi D. K., Azani J. -C., Coffi E P., Gnepa G., Kouadio C. G. K., Tchounga B., Maartens G., Lettow M. V., Muhairwe J., Jores A., Kamenova K., Fox M. P., Prozesky H., Zangerle R., Touloumi G., Warszawski J., Meyer L., Krause M. M., Ghosn J., Leport C., Wittkop L., Reiss P., Wit F., Prins M., Bucher H., Gibb D., Fatkenheuer G., Del Amo J., Obel N., Thorne C., Mocroft A., Kirk O., Stephan C., Perez-Hoyos S., Hamouda O., Bartmeyer B., Chkhartishvili N., Noguera-Julian A., Antinori A., D'Arminio Monforte A., Brockmeyer N., Prieto L., Conejo P. R., Soriano-Arandes A., Battegay M., Kouyos R., Mussini C., Tookey P., Casabona J., Miro J. M., Castagna A., Konopnick D., Goetghebuer T., Sonnerborg A., Torti C., Sabin C., Teira R., Garrido M., Haerry D., de Wit S., Costagliola D., Raben D., Barger D., Schwimmer C., Termote M., Campbell M., Frederiksen C. M., Friis-Moller N., Kjaer J., Brandt R. S., Berenguer J., Bohlius J., Bouteloup V., Cozzi-Lepri A., Dorrucci M., Dunn D., Furrer H., Guiguet M., Lambotte O., Lodi S., Matheron S., Miro J. M. ª., Monge S., Nakagawa F., Paredes R., Phillips A., Puoti M., Rohner E., Schomaker M., Sterne J., Thiebaut R., van der Valk M., Hazra R., Heckman B., O'gara E., Siminski S., Panayidou, K, Davies, M, Anderegg, N, Egger, M, Fatti, G, Vinikoor, M, Sawry, S, Ehmer, J, Eley, B, Phiri, S, Technau, K, Chimbetete, C, Rabie, H, Boulle, A, Tanser, F, Wood, R, Wools-Kaloustian, K, Vreeman, R, Oyaro, P, Ayaya, S, Nakigozi, G, Musick, B, Yiannoutsos, C, Amorissani-Folquet, M, Takassi, E, Sylla, M, Renner, L, Malateste, K, Desmonde, S, Leroy, V, Kurniati, N, Hansudewechakul, R, Nguyen, L, Ly, P, Truong, K, Kariminia, A, Sohn, A, Edmonds, A, Yumo, H, Dusingize, J, Yotebieng, M, Judd, A, Rojo, P, Smit, C, Grabar, S, Warszwarski, J, Chene, G, Raban, D, Patel, K, Seage, G, Van Dyke, R, Oleske, J, Williams, P, Abzug, M, Succi, R, Machado, D, Pinto, J, Rouzier, V, Luque, M, Mejia, F, Khol, V, Tucker, J, Kumarasamy, N, Saghayam, S, Chandrasekaran, E, Wati, D, Vedaswari, D, Malino, I, Muktiarti, D, Fong, S, Lim, M, Daut, F, Nik Yusoff, N, Mohamad, P, Mohamed, T, Drawis, M, Nallusamy, R, Chan, K, Sudjaritruk, T, Sirisanthana, V, Aurpibul, L, Oberdorfer, P, Denjanta, S, Watanaporn, S, Kongphonoi, A, Lumbiganon, P, Kosalaraksa, P, Tharnprisan, P, Udomphanit, T, Jourdain, G, Puthanakit, T, Anugulruengkitt, S, Phadungphon, C, Chokephaibulkit, K, Lapphra, K, Phongsamart, W, Sricharoenchai, S, Du, Q, Nguyen, C, Do, V, Ha, T, An, V, Khu, D, Pham, A, Le, O, Ross, J, Sethaputra, C, Law, M, Cahn, P, Cesar, C, Fink, V, Sued, O, Dell'Isola, E, Perez, H, Valiente, J, Yamamoto, C, Grinsztejn, B, Veloso, V, Luz, P, de Boni, R, Wagner, S, Friedman, R, Moreira, R, Ferreira, F, Maia, M, de Menezes Succi, R, Barbosa Gouv E A, A, Wolff, M, Cortes, C, Rodriguez, M, Allendes, G, Pape, J, Marcelin, A, Perodin, C, Padgett, D, Madero, J, Ramirez, B, Belaunzaran, P, Vega, Y, Gotuzzo, E, Carriquiry, G, Mcgowan, C, Shepherd, B, Sterling, T, Jayathilake, K, Person, A, Rebeiro, P, Giganti, M, Castilho, J, Duda, S, Maruri, F, Vansell, H, P E Lagie, N, Gateretse, P, Munezero, J, Nitereka, V, Niyongabo, T, Twizere, C, Bukuru, H, Nahimana, T, Biziragusenyuka, J, Manyundo, R, Atsu, K, Mbuh, T, Ajeh, R, Benwi, M, Dzudie, A, Mbuh, A, Ngamani, M, Nkome, V, Amadou, D, Ngassam, E, Pefura Yone, E, Ewanoge, A, Fuhngwa, N, Moki, C, Akele, C, Kitetele, F, Lelo, P, Tabala, M, Okitolonda, E, Wenzi, L, Diafouka, M, Ekat, M, Nsonde, D, Mafou, A, Ntarambirwa, F, Tuyishimire, Y, Hakizimana, T, Ayinkamiye, J, Mukantwali, S, Kayitesi, H, Uwamahoro, O, Habumuremyi, V, Mukamana, J, Kubwimana, G, Mugenzi, P, Muhoza, B, Munyaneza, A, Ndahiro, E, Nyiransabimana, D, D'Amour Sinayobye, J, Sugira, V, Benekigeri, C, Mbaraga, G, Adedimeji, A, Anastos, K, Dilorenzo, M, Murchison, L, Addison, D, Baker, M, Brazier, E, Jones, H, Kelvin, E, Kulkarni, S, Nash, D, Tymejczyk, O, Elul, B, Cai, X, Hoover, D, Kim, H, Li, C, Shi, Q, Lancaster, K, Kuniholm, M, Parcesepe, A, Kimmel, A, Mcnairy, M, Diero, L, Plus, A, Bukusi, E, Ssali, J, Nalugoda, F, Somi, G, Lyamuya, R, Ngonyani, K, Lugina, E, Urassa, M, Michael, D, Zannou, M, Poda, A, Sarfo, F, Messou, E, Chenal, H, Minga, K, Bissagnene, E, Tanon, A, Seydi, M, Patassi, A, Koumakpai-Adeothy, S, N'Gbeche, S, Bosse, C, Kouakou, K, Folquet, M, Eboua, F, Traore, F, Dabis, F, Arrive, E, Balestre, E, Becquet, R, Bernard, C, Arikawa, S, Doring, A, Jaquet, A, Rabourdin, E, Tiendrebeogo, T, Jesson, J, Ekouevi, D, Azani, J, Coffi E, P, Gnepa, G, Kouadio, C, Tchounga, B, Maartens, G, Lettow, M, Muhairwe, J, Jores, A, Kamenova, K, Fox, M, Prozesky, H, Zangerle, R, Touloumi, G, Warszawski, J, Meyer, L, Krause, M, Ghosn, J, Leport, C, Wittkop, L, Reiss, P, Wit, F, Prins, M, Bucher, H, Gibb, D, Fatkenheuer, G, Del Amo, J, Obel, N, Thorne, C, Mocroft, A, Kirk, O, Stephan, C, Perez-Hoyos, S, Hamouda, O, Bartmeyer, B, Chkhartishvili, N, Noguera-Julian, A, Antinori, A, D'Arminio Monforte, A, Brockmeyer, N, Prieto, L, Conejo, P, Soriano-Arandes, A, Battegay, M, Kouyos, R, Mussini, C, Tookey, P, Casabona, J, Miro, J, Castagna, A, Konopnick, D, Goetghebuer, T, Sonnerborg, A, Torti, C, Sabin, C, Teira, R, Garrido, M, Haerry, D, de Wit, S, Costagliola, D, Raben, D, Barger, D, Schwimmer, C, Termote, M, Campbell, M, Frederiksen, C, Friis-Moller, N, Kjaer, J, Brandt, R, Berenguer, J, Bohlius, J, Bouteloup, V, Cozzi-Lepri, A, Dorrucci, M, Dunn, D, Furrer, H, Guiguet, M, Lambotte, O, Lodi, S, Matheron, S, Monge, S, Nakagawa, F, Paredes, R, Phillips, A, Puoti, M, Rohner, E, Schomaker, M, Sterne, J, Thiebaut, R, van der Valk, M, Hazra, R, Heckman, B, O'Gara, E, Siminski, S, Panayidou K., Davies M. -A., Anderegg N., Egger M., Fatti G., Vinikoor M., Sawry S., Ehmer J., Eley B., Phiri S., Technau K. -G. u. N., Chimbetete C., Rabie H., Boulle A., Tanser F., Wood R., Wools-Kaloustian K., Vreeman R., Oyaro P., Ayaya S., Nakigozi G., Musick B., Yiannoutsos C., Amorissani-Folquet M., Takassi E., Sylla M., Renner L., Malateste K., Desmonde S., Leroy V., Kurniati N., Hansudewechakul R., Nguyen L. V., Ly P. S., Truong K. H., Kariminia A., Sohn A. H., Edmonds A., Yumo H. A., Dusingize J. C., Yotebieng M., Judd A., Rojo P., Smit C., Grabar S., Warszwarski J., Chene G., Raban D., Patel K., Seage G. R., Van Dyke R. B., Oleske J., Williams P. L., Abzug M. J., Succi R., Machado D. M., Pinto J., Rouzier V., Luque M., Mejia F., Khol V., Tucker J., Kumarasamy N., Saghayam S., Chandrasekaran E., Wati D. K., Vedaswari D., Malino I. Y., Muktiarti D., Fong S. M., Lim M., Daut F., Nik Yusoff N. K., Mohamad P., Mohamed T. J., Drawis M. R., Nallusamy R., Chan K. C., Sudjaritruk T., Sirisanthana V., Aurpibul L., Oberdorfer P., Denjanta S., Watanaporn S., Kongphonoi A., Lumbiganon P., Kosalaraksa P., Tharnprisan P., Udomphanit T., Jourdain G., Puthanakit T., Anugulruengkitt S., Phadungphon C., Chokephaibulkit K., Lapphra K., Phongsamart W., Sricharoenchai S., Du Q. T., Nguyen C. H., Do V. C., Ha T. M., An V. T., Khu D. T. K., Pham A. N., Nguyen L. T., Le O. N., Ross J. L., Sethaputra C., Law M. G., Cahn P., Cesar C., Fink V., Sued O., Dell'isola E., Perez H., Valiente J., Yamamoto C., Grinsztejn B., Veloso V., Luz P., de Boni R., Wagner S. C., Friedman R., Moreira R., Ferreira F., Maia M., de Menezes Succi R. C., Barbosa Gouv E A A. F. a. T., Wolff M., Cortes C., Rodriguez M. F., Allendes G., Pape J. W., Marcelin A., Perodin C., Luque M. T., Padgett D., Madero J. S., Ramirez B. C., Belaunzaran P., Vega Y. C., Gotuzzo E., Carriquiry G., McGowan C. C., Shepherd B. E., Sterling T., Jayathilake K., Person A. K., Rebeiro P. F., Giganti M., Castilho J., Duda S. N., Maruri F., Vansell H., P E Lagie N., Gateretse P., Munezero J., Nitereka V., Niyongabo T., Twizere C., Bukuru H., Nahimana T., Biziragusenyuka J., Manyundo R. S., Atsu K., Mbuh T., Ajeh R., Benwi M., Dzudie A., Mbuh A., Ngamani M. L., Nkome V., Amadou D., Ngassam E., Pefura Yone E. W., Ewanoge A. N., Fuhngwa N., Moki C., Akele C., Kitetele F., Lelo P., Tabala M., Okitolonda E. W., Wenzi L., Diafouka M., Ekat M. H., Nsonde D. M., Mafou A., Ntarambirwa F., Tuyishimire Y., Hakizimana T., Ayinkamiye J., Mukantwali S., Kayitesi H., Uwamahoro O., Habumuremyi V., Mukamana J., Kubwimana G., Mugenzi P., Muhoza B., Munyaneza A., Ndahiro E., Nyiransabimana D., D'Amour Sinayobye J., Sugira V., Benekigeri C., Mbaraga G., Adedimeji A., Anastos K., Dilorenzo M., Murchison L., Ross J., Addison D., Baker M., Brazier E., Jones H., Kelvin E., Kulkarni S., Nash D., Tymejczyk O., Elul B., Cai X., Hoover D., Kim H. -Y., Li C., Shi Q., Lancaster K., Kuniholm M., Parcesepe A., Duda S., Kimmel A., McNairy M., Diero L., Plus A. M. P. A. T. H., Bukusi E., Ssali J., Nalugoda F., Somi G. R., Lyamuya R. E., Ngonyani K., Lugina E., Urassa M., Michael D., Zannou M. D., Poda A., Sarfo F. S., Messou E., Chenal H., Minga K. A., Bissagnene E., Tanon A., Seydi M., Patassi A. A., Koumakpai-Adeothy S. A., Renner L. A., N'gbeche S. M., Bosse C. A., Kouakou K., Folquet M. A., Eboua F. c. O. T., Traore F. D., Dabis F. c. O., Arrive E., Balestre E., Becquet R., Bernard C., Arikawa S. C., Doring A., Jaquet A., Rabourdin E., Tiendrebeogo T., Jesson J., Ekouevi D. K., Azani J. -C., Coffi E P., Gnepa G., Kouadio C. G. K., Tchounga B., Maartens G., Lettow M. V., Muhairwe J., Jores A., Kamenova K., Fox M. P., Prozesky H., Zangerle R., Touloumi G., Warszawski J., Meyer L., Krause M. M., Ghosn J., Leport C., Wittkop L., Reiss P., Wit F., Prins M., Bucher H., Gibb D., Fatkenheuer G., Del Amo J., Obel N., Thorne C., Mocroft A., Kirk O., Stephan C., Perez-Hoyos S., Hamouda O., Bartmeyer B., Chkhartishvili N., Noguera-Julian A., Antinori A., D'Arminio Monforte A., Brockmeyer N., Prieto L., Conejo P. R., Soriano-Arandes A., Battegay M., Kouyos R., Mussini C., Tookey P., Casabona J., Miro J. M., Castagna A., Konopnick D., Goetghebuer T., Sonnerborg A., Torti C., Sabin C., Teira R., Garrido M., Haerry D., de Wit S., Costagliola D., Raben D., Barger D., Schwimmer C., Termote M., Campbell M., Frederiksen C. M., Friis-Moller N., Kjaer J., Brandt R. S., Berenguer J., Bohlius J., Bouteloup V., Cozzi-Lepri A., Dorrucci M., Dunn D., Furrer H., Guiguet M., Lambotte O., Lodi S., Matheron S., Miro J. M. ª., Monge S., Nakagawa F., Paredes R., Phillips A., Puoti M., Rohner E., Schomaker M., Sterne J., Thiebaut R., van der Valk M., Hazra R., Heckman B., O'gara E., and Siminski S.

Abstract

Introduction: The CD4 cell count and percent at initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) are measures of advanced HIV disease and thus are important indicators of programme performance for children living with HIV. In particular, World Health Organization (WHO) 2017 guidelines on advanced HIV disease noted that >80% of children aged <5 years started cART with WHO Stage 3 or 4 disease or severe immune suppression. We compared temporal trends in CD4 measures at cART start in children from low-, middle- and high-income countries, and examined the effect of WHO treatment initiation guidelines on reducing the proportion of children initiating cART with advanced disease. Methods: We included children aged <16 years from the International Epidemiology Databases to Evaluate acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (IeDEA) Collaboration (Caribbean, Central and South America, Asia-Pacific, and West, Central, East and Southern Africa), the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research in Europe (COHERE), the North American Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study (PHACS) and International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials (IMPAACT) 219C study. Severe immunodeficiency was defined using WHO guidelines. We used generalized weighted additive mixed effect models to analyse temporal trends in CD4 measurements and piecewise regression to examine the impact of 2006 and 2010 WHO cART initiation guidelines. Results: We included 52,153 children from fourteen low-, eight lower middle-, five upper middle- and five high-income countries. From 2004 to 2013, the estimated percentage of children starting cART with severe immunodeficiency declined from 70% to 42% (low-income), 67% to 64% (lower middle-income) and 61% to 43% (upper middle-income countries). In high-income countries, severe immunodeficiency at cART initiation declined from 45% (1996) to 14% (2012). There were annual decreases in the percentage of children with severe immuno

Published
2018

10. A retrospective description of primary immuno-deficiency diseases at Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa, 1975 - 2017

Author

Moodley, S, Goddard, E, Levin, M, Scott, C, van Eyssen, A, Davidson, A, De Decker, R, Wilmshurst, J M, Spitaels, A, and Eley, B

Abstract

BACKGROUND. The primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) constitute a diverse and ever-expanding group of inborn errors affecting a wide range of immune functions. They are not well documented in sub-Saharan Africa.OBJECTIVES. To describe the spectrum of PIDs at a tertiary paediatric hospital.METHODS. A retrospective descriptive study of PIDs diagnosed at Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa (SA), between 1975 and 2017 was undertaken.RESULTS. We identified 252 children with PIDs, spanning eight of the nine categories listed in the 2017 classification of the International Union of Immunological Societies. Predominantly antibody deficiencies, combined immunodeficiencies with associated syndromic features, and immunodeficiencies affecting cellular and humoral immunity accounted for most children with PIDs (n= 199, 79.0%). The mean age (standard deviation) at diagnosis was 46 (50) months, and the male/female ratio was 1.5:1. There was a history of parental consanguinity in 3 cases (1.2%). Recurrent infection was the most prevalent presenting phenotype, manifesting in 177 patients (70.2%). Genetic or chromosomal confirmation was obtained in 42/252 cases (16.7%). Common interventions used to prevent infection were antimicrobial prophylaxis and immunoglobulin replacement therapy, administered to 95 (37.7%) and 93 (36.9%) of the patients, respectively. Six of 7 children who underwent haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) had successful outcomes. The 7th patient died 2 months after HSCT from overwhelming infection. Although we could not account for the children lost to follow-up during the study period, 53 deaths were confirmed (21.0%).CONCLUSIONS. Several challenges exist in the recognition and treatment of children with PIDs in our setting. These include limited access to genetic diagnostics and HSCT. Suboptimal treatment options contribute to the overall mortality of PIDs in SA.

Published
2020

11. Short-term mortality and implementation of antiretroviral treatment for critically ill HIV-infected children in a developing country

Author

Cowburn, C., Hatherill, M., Eley, B., Nuttall, J., Hussey, G., Reynolds, L., Waggie, Z., Vivian, L., and Argent, A.

Subjects
HIV infection in children -- Patient outcomes, HIV infection in children -- Research, Antiviral agents -- Dosage and administration, Highly active antiretroviral therapy -- Patient outcomes, Highly active antiretroviral therapy -- Research
Published
2007

16. Global temporal changes in the proportion of children with advanced disease at the start of combination antiretroviral therapy in an era of changing criteria for treatment initiation

Author

Panayidou K., Davies M. -A., Anderegg N., Egger M., Fatti G., Vinikoor M., Sawry S., Ehmer J., Eley B., Phiri S., Technau K. -G. u. N., Chimbetete C., Rabie H., Boulle A., Tanser F., Wood R., Wools-Kaloustian K., Vreeman R., Oyaro P., Ayaya S., Nakigozi G., Musick B., Yiannoutsos C., Amorissani-Folquet M., Takassi E., Sylla M., Renner L., Malateste K., Desmonde S., Leroy V., Kurniati N., Hansudewechakul R., Nguyen L. V., Ly P. S., Truong K. H., Kariminia A., Sohn A. H., Edmonds A., Yumo H. A., Dusingize J. C., Yotebieng M., Judd A., Rojo P., Smit C., Grabar S., Warszwarski J., Chene G., Raban D., Patel K., Seage G. R., Van Dyke R. B., Oleske J., Williams P. L., Abzug M. J., Succi R., Machado D. M., Pinto J., Rouzier V., Luque M., Mejia F., Khol V., Tucker J., Kumarasamy N., Saghayam S., Chandrasekaran E., Wati D. K., Vedaswari D., Malino I. Y., Muktiarti D., Fong S. M., Lim M., Daut F., Nik Yusoff N. K., Mohamad P., Mohamed T. J., Drawis M. R., Nallusamy R., Chan K. C., Sudjaritruk T., Sirisanthana V., Aurpibul L., Oberdorfer P., Denjanta S., Watanaporn S., Kongphonoi A., Lumbiganon P., Kosalaraksa P., Tharnprisan P., Udomphanit T., Jourdain G., Puthanakit T., Anugulruengkitt S., Phadungphon C., Chokephaibulkit K., Lapphra K., Phongsamart W., Sricharoenchai S., Du Q. T., Nguyen C. H., Do V. C., Ha T. M., An V. T., Khu D. T. K., Pham A. N., Nguyen L. T., Le O. N., Ross J. L., Sethaputra C., Law M. G., Cahn P., Cesar C., Fink V., Sued O., Dell'isola E., Perez H., Valiente J., Yamamoto C., Grinsztejn B., Veloso V., Luz P., de Boni R., Wagner S. C., Friedman R., Moreira R., Ferreira F., Maia M., de Menezes Succi R. C., Barbosa Gouv E A A. F. a. T., Wolff M., Cortes C., Rodriguez M. F., Allendes G., Pape J. W., Marcelin A., Perodin C., Luque M. T., Padgett D., Madero J. S., Ramirez B. C., Belaunzaran P., Vega Y. C., Gotuzzo E., Carriquiry G., McGowan C. C., Shepherd B. E., Sterling T., Jayathilake K., Person A. K., Rebeiro P. F., Giganti M., Castilho J., Duda S. N., Maruri F., Vansell H., P E Lagie N., Gateretse P., Munezero J., Nitereka V., Niyongabo T., Twizere C., Bukuru H., Nahimana T., Biziragusenyuka J., Manyundo R. S., Atsu K., Mbuh T., Ajeh R., Benwi M., Dzudie A., Mbuh A., Ngamani M. L., Nkome V., Amadou D., Ngassam E., Pefura Yone E. W., Ewanoge A. N., Fuhngwa N., Moki C., Akele C., Kitetele F., Lelo P., Tabala M., Okitolonda E. W., Wenzi L., Diafouka M., Ekat M. H., Nsonde D. M., Mafou A., Ntarambirwa F., Tuyishimire Y., Hakizimana T., Ayinkamiye J., Mukantwali S., Kayitesi H., Uwamahoro O., Habumuremyi V., Mukamana J., Kubwimana G., Mugenzi P., Muhoza B., Munyaneza A., Ndahiro E., Nyiransabimana D., D'Amour Sinayobye J., Sugira V., Benekigeri C., Mbaraga G., Adedimeji A., Anastos K., Dilorenzo M., Murchison L., Ross J., Addison D., Baker M., Brazier E., Jones H., Kelvin E., Kulkarni S., Nash D., Tymejczyk O., Elul B., Cai X., Hoover D., Kim H. -Y., Li C., Shi Q., Lancaster K., Kuniholm M., Parcesepe A., Duda S., Kimmel A., McNairy M., Diero L., Plus A. M. P. A. T. H., Bukusi E., Ssali J., Nalugoda F., Somi G. R., Lyamuya R. E., Ngonyani K., Lugina E., Urassa M., Michael D., Zannou M. D., Poda A., Sarfo F. S., Messou E., Chenal H., Minga K. A., Bissagnene E., Tanon A., Seydi M., Patassi A. A., Koumakpai-Adeothy S. A., Renner L. A., N'gbeche S. M., Bosse C. A., Kouakou K., Folquet M. A., Eboua F. c. O. T., Traore F. D., Dabis F. c. O., Arrive E., Balestre E., Becquet R., Bernard C., Arikawa S. C., Doring A., Jaquet A., Rabourdin E., Tiendrebeogo T., Jesson J., Ekouevi D. K., Azani J. -C., Coffi E P., Gnepa G., Kouadio C. G. K., Tchounga B., Maartens G., Lettow M. V., Muhairwe J., Jores A., Kamenova K., Fox M. P., Prozesky H., Zangerle R., Touloumi G., Warszawski J., Meyer L., Krause M. M., Ghosn J., Leport C., Wittkop L., Reiss P., Wit F., Prins M., Bucher H., Gibb D., Fatkenheuer G., Del Amo J., Obel N., Thorne C., Mocroft A., Kirk O., Stephan C., Perez-Hoyos S., Hamouda O., Bartmeyer B., Chkhartishvili N., Noguera-Julian A., Antinori A., D'Arminio Monforte A., Brockmeyer N., Prieto L., Conejo P. R., Soriano-Arandes A., Battegay M., Kouyos R., Mussini C., Tookey P., Casabona J., Miro J. M., Castagna A., Konopnick D., Goetghebuer T., Sonnerborg A., Torti C., Sabin C., Teira R., Garrido M., Haerry D., de Wit S., Costagliola D., Raben D., Barger D., Schwimmer C., Termote M., Campbell M., Frederiksen C. M., Friis-Moller N., Kjaer J., Brandt R. S., Berenguer J., Bohlius J., Bouteloup V., Cozzi-Lepri A., Dorrucci M., Dunn D., Furrer H., Guiguet M., Lambotte O., Lodi S., Matheron S., Miro J. M. ª., Monge S., Nakagawa F., Paredes R., Phillips A., Puoti M., Rohner E., Schomaker M., Sterne J., Thiebaut R., van der Valk M., Hazra R., Heckman B., O'gara E., Siminski S., Panayidou, K, Davies, M, Anderegg, N, Egger, M, Fatti, G, Vinikoor, M, Sawry, S, Ehmer, J, Eley, B, Phiri, S, Technau, K, Chimbetete, C, Rabie, H, Boulle, A, Tanser, F, Wood, R, Wools-Kaloustian, K, Vreeman, R, Oyaro, P, Ayaya, S, Nakigozi, G, Musick, B, Yiannoutsos, C, Amorissani-Folquet, M, Takassi, E, Sylla, M, Renner, L, Malateste, K, Desmonde, S, Leroy, V, Kurniati, N, Hansudewechakul, R, Nguyen, L, Ly, P, Truong, K, Kariminia, A, Sohn, A, Edmonds, A, Yumo, H, Dusingize, J, Yotebieng, M, Judd, A, Rojo, P, Smit, C, Grabar, S, Warszwarski, J, Chene, G, Raban, D, Patel, K, Seage, G, Van Dyke, R, Oleske, J, Williams, P, Abzug, M, Succi, R, Machado, D, Pinto, J, Rouzier, V, Luque, M, Mejia, F, Khol, V, Tucker, J, Kumarasamy, N, Saghayam, S, Chandrasekaran, E, Wati, D, Vedaswari, D, Malino, I, Muktiarti, D, Fong, S, Lim, M, Daut, F, Nik Yusoff, N, Mohamad, P, Mohamed, T, Drawis, M, Nallusamy, R, Chan, K, Sudjaritruk, T, Sirisanthana, V, Aurpibul, L, Oberdorfer, P, Denjanta, S, Watanaporn, S, Kongphonoi, A, Lumbiganon, P, Kosalaraksa, P, Tharnprisan, P, Udomphanit, T, Jourdain, G, Puthanakit, T, Anugulruengkitt, S, Phadungphon, C, Chokephaibulkit, K, Lapphra, K, Phongsamart, W, Sricharoenchai, S, Du, Q, Nguyen, C, Do, V, Ha, T, An, V, Khu, D, Pham, A, Le, O, Ross, J, Sethaputra, C, Law, M, Cahn, P, Cesar, C, Fink, V, Sued, O, Dell'Isola, E, Perez, H, Valiente, J, Yamamoto, C, Grinsztejn, B, Veloso, V, Luz, P, de Boni, R, Wagner, S, Friedman, R, Moreira, R, Ferreira, F, Maia, M, de Menezes Succi, R, Barbosa Gouv E A, A, Wolff, M, Cortes, C, Rodriguez, M, Allendes, G, Pape, J, Marcelin, A, Perodin, C, Padgett, D, Madero, J, Ramirez, B, Belaunzaran, P, Vega, Y, Gotuzzo, E, Carriquiry, G, Mcgowan, C, Shepherd, B, Sterling, T, Jayathilake, K, Person, A, Rebeiro, P, Giganti, M, Castilho, J, Duda, S, Maruri, F, Vansell, H, P E Lagie, N, Gateretse, P, Munezero, J, Nitereka, V, Niyongabo, T, Twizere, C, Bukuru, H, Nahimana, T, Biziragusenyuka, J, Manyundo, R, Atsu, K, Mbuh, T, Ajeh, R, Benwi, M, Dzudie, A, Mbuh, A, Ngamani, M, Nkome, V, Amadou, D, Ngassam, E, Pefura Yone, E, Ewanoge, A, Fuhngwa, N, Moki, C, Akele, C, Kitetele, F, Lelo, P, Tabala, M, Okitolonda, E, Wenzi, L, Diafouka, M, Ekat, M, Nsonde, D, Mafou, A, Ntarambirwa, F, Tuyishimire, Y, Hakizimana, T, Ayinkamiye, J, Mukantwali, S, Kayitesi, H, Uwamahoro, O, Habumuremyi, V, Mukamana, J, Kubwimana, G, Mugenzi, P, Muhoza, B, Munyaneza, A, Ndahiro, E, Nyiransabimana, D, D'Amour Sinayobye, J, Sugira, V, Benekigeri, C, Mbaraga, G, Adedimeji, A, Anastos, K, Dilorenzo, M, Murchison, L, Addison, D, Baker, M, Brazier, E, Jones, H, Kelvin, E, Kulkarni, S, Nash, D, Tymejczyk, O, Elul, B, Cai, X, Hoover, D, Kim, H, Li, C, Shi, Q, Lancaster, K, Kuniholm, M, Parcesepe, A, Kimmel, A, Mcnairy, M, Diero, L, Plus, A, Bukusi, E, Ssali, J, Nalugoda, F, Somi, G, Lyamuya, R, Ngonyani, K, Lugina, E, Urassa, M, Michael, D, Zannou, M, Poda, A, Sarfo, F, Messou, E, Chenal, H, Minga, K, Bissagnene, E, Tanon, A, Seydi, M, Patassi, A, Koumakpai-Adeothy, S, N'Gbeche, S, Bosse, C, Kouakou, K, Folquet, M, Eboua, F, Traore, F, Dabis, F, Arrive, E, Balestre, E, Becquet, R, Bernard, C, Arikawa, S, Doring, A, Jaquet, A, Rabourdin, E, Tiendrebeogo, T, Jesson, J, Ekouevi, D, Azani, J, Coffi E, P, Gnepa, G, Kouadio, C, Tchounga, B, Maartens, G, Lettow, M, Muhairwe, J, Jores, A, Kamenova, K, Fox, M, Prozesky, H, Zangerle, R, Touloumi, G, Warszawski, J, Meyer, L, Krause, M, Ghosn, J, Leport, C, Wittkop, L, Reiss, P, Wit, F, Prins, M, Bucher, H, Gibb, D, Fatkenheuer, G, Del Amo, J, Obel, N, Thorne, C, Mocroft, A, Kirk, O, Stephan, C, Perez-Hoyos, S, Hamouda, O, Bartmeyer, B, Chkhartishvili, N, Noguera-Julian, A, Antinori, A, D'Arminio Monforte, A, Brockmeyer, N, Prieto, L, Conejo, P, Soriano-Arandes, A, Battegay, M, Kouyos, R, Mussini, C, Tookey, P, Casabona, J, Miro, J, Castagna, A, Konopnick, D, Goetghebuer, T, Sonnerborg, A, Torti, C, Sabin, C, Teira, R, Garrido, M, Haerry, D, de Wit, S, Costagliola, D, Raben, D, Barger, D, Schwimmer, C, Termote, M, Campbell, M, Frederiksen, C, Friis-Moller, N, Kjaer, J, Brandt, R, Berenguer, J, Bohlius, J, Bouteloup, V, Cozzi-Lepri, A, Dorrucci, M, Dunn, D, Furrer, H, Guiguet, M, Lambotte, O, Lodi, S, Matheron, S, Monge, S, Nakagawa, F, Paredes, R, Phillips, A, Puoti, M, Rohner, E, Schomaker, M, Sterne, J, Thiebaut, R, van der Valk, M, Hazra, R, Heckman, B, O'Gara, E, and Siminski, S

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, sub-Saharan Africa, Databases, Factual, CD4 cell count, HIV Infections, Global Health, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Central and South America, Advanced disease, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Cd4 cell count, skin and connective tissue diseases, Child, Research Articles, humanities, 3. Good health, Europe, Infectious Diseases, Child, Preschool, Income, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, advanced HIV disease, antiretroviral therapy, Asia, Caribbean, North America, WHO guidelines, Adolescent, Adult, Anti-HIV Agents, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Drug Administration Schedule, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Poverty, World Health Organization, Research Article, medicine.medical_specialty, education, 610 Medicine & health, 03 medical and health sciences, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), 360 Social problems & social services, Intensive care medicine, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, medicine.disease, 030112 virology, Antiretroviral therapy, Who guidelines, sense organs, business, sub‐Saharan Africa
Abstract

Introduction: The CD4 cell count and percent at initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) are measures of advanced HIV disease and thus are important indicators of programme performance for children living with HIV. In particular, World Health Organization (WHO) 2017 guidelines on advanced HIV disease noted that >80% of children aged 40% of children in low- and middle-income countries started cART with severe immunodeficiency compared to

Published
2018

21. X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA): Phenotype, diagnosis, and therapeutic challenges around the world

Author

El-Sayed, ZA, Abramova, I, Carlos Aldave, J, Al-Herz, W, Bezrodnik, L, Boukari, R, Bousfiha, AA, Cancrini, C, Condino-Neto, A, Dbaibo, G, Derfalvi, B, Dogu, F, Edgar, JDM, Eley, B, El-Owaidy, RH, Elva Espinosa-Padilla, S, Galal, N, Haerynck, F, Hanna-Wakim, R, Hossny, E, Ikinciogullari, A, Kamal, E, Kanegane, H, Kechout, N, Lau, YL, Morio, T, Moschese, V, Neves, JF, Ouederni, M, Paganelli, R, Paris, K, Pignata, C, Plebani, A, Qamar, FN, Qureshi, S, Radhakrishnan, N, Rezaei, N, Rosario, N, Routes, J, Sanchez, B, Sediva, A, Seppanen, MRJ, Serrano, EG, Shcherbina, A, Singh, S, Siniah, S, Spadaro, G, Tang, M, Maria Vinet, A, Volokha, A, Sullivan, KE, El-Sayed, ZA, Abramova, I, Carlos Aldave, J, Al-Herz, W, Bezrodnik, L, Boukari, R, Bousfiha, AA, Cancrini, C, Condino-Neto, A, Dbaibo, G, Derfalvi, B, Dogu, F, Edgar, JDM, Eley, B, El-Owaidy, RH, Elva Espinosa-Padilla, S, Galal, N, Haerynck, F, Hanna-Wakim, R, Hossny, E, Ikinciogullari, A, Kamal, E, Kanegane, H, Kechout, N, Lau, YL, Morio, T, Moschese, V, Neves, JF, Ouederni, M, Paganelli, R, Paris, K, Pignata, C, Plebani, A, Qamar, FN, Qureshi, S, Radhakrishnan, N, Rezaei, N, Rosario, N, Routes, J, Sanchez, B, Sediva, A, Seppanen, MRJ, Serrano, EG, Shcherbina, A, Singh, S, Siniah, S, Spadaro, G, Tang, M, Maria Vinet, A, Volokha, A, and Sullivan, KE

Abstract

BACKGROUND: X-linked agammaglobulinemia is an inherited immunodeficiency recognized since 1952. In spite of seven decades of experience, there is still a limited understanding of regional differences in presentation and complications. This study was designed by the Primary Immunodeficiencies Committee of the World Allergy Organization to better understand regional needs, challenges and unique patient features. METHODS: A survey instrument was designed by the Primary Immunodeficiencies Committee of the World Allergy Organization to collect both structured and semi-structured data on X-linked agammaglobulinemia. The survey was sent to 54 centers around the world chosen on the basis of World Allergy Organization participation and/or registration in the European Society for Immunodeficiencies. There were 40 centers that responded, comprising 32 countries. RESULTS: This study reports on 783 patients from 40 centers around the world. Problems with diagnosis are highlighted by the reported delays in diagnosis>24 months in 34% of patients and the lack of genetic studies in 39% of centers Two infections exhibited regional variation. Vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis was seen only in countries with live polio vaccination and two centers reported mycobacteria. High rates of morbidity were reported. Acute and chronic lung diseases accounted for 41% of the deaths. Unusual complications such as inflammatory bowel disease and large granular lymphocyte disease, among others were specifically enumerated, and while individually uncommon, they were collectively seen in 20.3% of patients. These data suggest that a broad range of both inflammatory, infectious, and autoimmune conditions can occur in patients. The breadth of complications and lack of data on management subsequently appeared as a significant challenge reported by centers. Survival above 20 years of age was lowest in Africa (22%) and reached above 70% in Australia, Europe and the Americas. Centers were asked to rep

Published
2019

23. Comparison of Kaposi Sarcoma Risk in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Adults Across 5 Continents: A Multiregional Multicohort Study

Author

Rohner E., Butikofer L., Schmidlin K., Sengayi M., Maskew M., Giddy J., Garone D., Moore R. D., D'Souza G., Goedert J. J., Achenbach C., Gill M. J., Kitahata M. M., Patel P., Silverberg M. J., Castilho J., McGowan C., Chen Y. -M. A., Law M., Taylor N., Paparizos V., Bonnet F., Verbon A., Fatkenheuer G., Post F. A., Sabin C., Mocroft A., Le Moing V., Dronda F., Obel N., Grabar S., Spagnuolo V., Antinori A., Quiros-Roldan E., Mussini C., Miro J. M., Meyer L., Hasse B., Konopnicki D., Roca B., Barger D., Raben D., Clifford G. M., Franceschi S., Brockmeyer N., Chakraborty R., Egger M., Bohlius J., Judd A., Zangerle R., Touloumi G., Warszawski J., Dabis F., Krause M. M., Ghosn J., Leport C., Wittkop L., Reiss P., Wit F., Prins M., Bucher H., Gibb D., Del Amo J., Thorne C., Kirk O., Stephan C., Perez-Hoyos S., Hamouda O., Bartmeyer B., Chkhartishvili N., Noguera-Julian A., Monforte A. D., Prieto L., Conejo P. R., Soriano-Arandes A., Battegay M., Kouyos R., Tookey P., Casabona J., Castagna A., Konopnick D., Goetghebuer T., Sonnerborg A., Teira R., Garrido M., Haerry D., De Wit S., Costagliola D., D'Arminio-Monforte A., Chene G., Schwimmer C., Termote M., Campbell M., Frederiksen C. M., Friis-Moller N., Kjaer J., Brandt R. S., Berenguer J., Bouteloup V., Cozzi-Lepri A., Davies M. -A., Dorrucci M., Dunn D., Furrer H., Guiguet M., Lambotte O., Leroy V., Lodi S., Matheron S., Monge S., Nakagawa F., Paredes R., Phillips A., Puoti M., Schomaker M., Smit C., Sterne J., Thiebaut R., Torti C., Van Der Valk M., Tanser F., Vinikoor M., MacEte E., Wood R., Stinson K., Fatti G., Phiri S., Chimbetete C., Malisita K., Eley B., Fritz C., Hobbins M., Kamenova K., Fox M., Prozesky H., Technau K., Sawry S., Benson C. A., Bosch R. J., Kirk G. D., Boswell S., Mayer K. H., Grasso C., Hogg R. S., Harrigan P. R., Montaner J. S. G., Yip B., Zhu J., Salters K., Gabler K., Buchacz K., Brooks J. T., Gebo K. A., Carey J. T., Rodriguez B., Horberg M. A., Thorne J. E., Rabkin C., Margolick J. B., Jacobson L. P., Klein M. B., Rourke S. B., Rachlis A. R., Cupido P., Hunter-Mellado R. F., Mayor A. M., Deeks S. G., Martin J. N., Saag M. S., Mugavero M. J., Willig J., Eron J. J., Napravnik S., Crane H. M., Drozd D. R., Haas D., Rebeiro P., Turner M., Bebawy S., Rogers B., Justice A. C., Dubrow R., Fiellin D., Gange S. J., Anastos K., Althoff K. N., McKaig R. G., Freeman A. M., Lent C., Van Rompaey S. E., Morton L., McReynolds J., Lober W. B., Abraham A. G., Lau B., Zhang J., Jing J., Modur S., Wong C., Hogan B., Desir F., Liu B., You B., Cahn P., Cesar C., Fink V., Sued O., Dell'Isola E., Perez H., Valiente J., Yamamoto C., Grinsztejn B., Veloso V., Luz P., De Boni R., Wagner S. C., Friedman R., Moreira R., Pinto J., Ferreira F., Maia M., De Menezes Succi R. C., MacHado D. M., De Fatima Barbosa Gouvea A., Wolff M., Cortes C., Rodriguez M. F., Allendes G., Pape J. W., Rouzier V., Marcelin A., Perodin C., Luque M. T., Padgett D., Madero J. S., Ramirez B. C., Belaunzaran P., Vega Y. C., Gotuzzo E., Mejia F., Carriquiry G., McGowan C. C., Shepherd B. E., Sterling T., Jayathilake K., Person A. K., Rebeiro P. F., Giganti M., Duda S. N., Maruri F., Vansell H., Ly P. S., Khol V., Zhang F. J., Zhao H. X., Han N., Lee M. P., Li P. C. K., Lam W., Chan Y. T., Kumarasamy N., Saghayam S., Ezhilarasi C., Pujari S., Joshi K., Gaikwad S., Chitalikar A., Merati T. P., Wirawan D. N., Yuliana F., Yunihastuti E., Imran D., Widhani A., Tanuma J., Oka S., Nishijima T., Choi J. Y., Na S., Kim J. M., Sim B. L. H., Gani Y. M., David R., Kamarulzaman A., Syed Omar S. F., Ponnampalavanar S., Azwa I., Ditangco R., Uy E., Bantique R., Wong W. W., Ku W. W., Wu P. C., Ng O. T., Lim P. L., Lee L. S., Ohnmar P. S., Avihingsanon A., Gatechompol S., Phanuphak P., Phadungphon C., Kiertiburanakul S., Sungkanuparph S., Chumla L., Sanmeema N., Chaiwarith R., Sirisanthana T., Kotarathititum W., Praparattanapan J., Kantipong P., Kambua P., Ratanasuwan W., Sriondee R., Nguyen K. V., Bui H. V., Nguyen D. T. H., Nguyen D. T., Cuong D. D., An N. V., Luan N. T., Sohn A. H., Ross J. L., Petersen B., Cooper D. A., Law M. G., Jiamsakul A., Boettiger D. C., Ellis D., Bloch M., Agrawal S., Vincent T., Allen D., Smith D., Rankin A., Baker D., Templeton D. J., Jackson E., McCallum K., Ryder N., Sweeney G., Cooper D., Carr A., MacRae K., Hesse K., Finlayson R., Gupta S., Langton-Lockton J., Shakeshaft J., Brown K., Idle S., Arvela N., Varma R., Lu H., Couldwell D., Eswarappa S., Smith D. E., Furner V., Cabrera G., Fernando S., Cogle A., Lawrence C., Mulhall B., Boyd M., Petoumenos K., Puhr R., Huang R., Han A., Gunathilake M., Payne R., O'Sullivan M., Croydon A., Russell D., Cashman C., Roberts C., Sowden D., Taing K., Marshall P., Orth D., Youds D., Rowling D., Latch N., Warzywoda E., Dickson B., Donohue W., Moore R., Edwards S., Boyd S., Roth N. J., Lau H., Read T., Silvers J., Zeng W., Hoy J., Watson K., Bryant M., Price S., Woolley I., Giles M., Korman T., Williams J., Nolan D., Allen A., Guelfi G., Mills G., Wharry C., Raymond N., Bargh K., Templeton D., Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Global Health, Infectious diseases, APH - Aging & Later Life, AII - Infectious diseases, APH - Global Health, Graduate School, APH - Digital Health, APH - Personalized Medicine, Bohlius, Julia, Cohere In, Eurocoord, Castagna, Antonella, Rohner, E, Butikofer, L, Schmidlin, K, Sengayi, M, Maskew, M, Giddy, J, Garone, D, Moore, R, D'Souza, G, Goedert, J, Achenbach, C, Gill, M, Kitahata, M, Patel, P, Silverberg, M, Castilho, J, Mcgowan, C, Chen, Y, Law, M, Taylor, N, Paparizos, V, Bonnet, F, Verbon, A, Fatkenheuer, G, Post, F, Sabin, C, Mocroft, A, Le Moing, V, Dronda, F, Obel, N, Grabar, S, Spagnuolo, V, Antinori, A, Quiros-Roldan, E, Mussini, C, Miro, J, Meyer, L, Hasse, B, Konopnicki, D, Roca, B, Barger, D, Raben, D, Clifford, G, Franceschi, S, Brockmeyer, N, Chakraborty, R, Egger, M, Bohlius, J, Judd, A, Zangerle, R, Touloumi, G, Warszawski, J, Dabis, F, Krause, M, Ghosn, J, Leport, C, Wittkop, L, Reiss, P, Wit, F, Prins, M, Bucher, H, Gibb, D, Del Amo, J, Thorne, C, Kirk, O, Stephan, C, Perez-Hoyos, S, Hamouda, O, Bartmeyer, B, Chkhartishvili, N, Noguera-Julian, A, Monforte, A, Prieto, L, Conejo, P, Soriano-Arandes, A, Battegay, M, Kouyos, R, Tookey, P, Casabona, J, Castagna, A, Konopnick, D, Goetghebuer, T, Sonnerborg, A, Teira, R, Garrido, M, Haerry, D, De Wit, S, Costagliola, D, D'Arminio-Monforte, A, Chene, G, Schwimmer, C, Termote, M, Campbell, M, Frederiksen, C, Friis-Moller, N, Kjaer, J, Brandt, R, Berenguer, J, Bouteloup, V, Cozzi-Lepri, A, Davies, M, Dorrucci, M, Dunn, D, Furrer, H, Guiguet, M, Lambotte, O, Leroy, V, Lodi, S, Matheron, S, Monge, S, Nakagawa, F, Paredes, R, Phillips, A, Puoti, M, Schomaker, M, Smit, C, Sterne, J, Thiebaut, R, Torti, C, Van Der Valk, M, Tanser, F, Vinikoor, M, Macete, E, Wood, R, Stinson, K, Fatti, G, Phiri, S, Chimbetete, C, Malisita, K, Eley, B, Fritz, C, Hobbins, M, Kamenova, K, Fox, M, Prozesky, H, Technau, K, Sawry, S, Benson, C, Bosch, R, Kirk, G, Boswell, S, Mayer, K, Grasso, C, Hogg, R, Harrigan, P, Montaner, J, Yip, B, Zhu, J, Salters, K, Gabler, K, Buchacz, K, Brooks, J, Gebo, K, Carey, J, Rodriguez, B, Horberg, M, Thorne, J, Rabkin, C, Margolick, J, Jacobson, L, Klein, M, Rourke, S, Rachlis, A, Cupido, P, Hunter-Mellado, R, Mayor, A, Deeks, S, Martin, J, Saag, M, Mugavero, M, Willig, J, Eron, J, Napravnik, S, Crane, H, Drozd, D, Haas, D, Rebeiro, P, Turner, M, Bebawy, S, Rogers, B, Justice, A, Dubrow, R, Fiellin, D, Gange, S, Anastos, K, Althoff, K, Mckaig, R, Freeman, A, Lent, C, Van Rompaey, S, Morton, L, Mcreynolds, J, Lober, W, Abraham, A, Lau, B, Zhang, J, Jing, J, Modur, S, Wong, C, Hogan, B, Desir, F, Liu, B, You, B, Cahn, P, Cesar, C, Fink, V, Sued, O, Dell'Isola, E, Perez, H, Valiente, J, Yamamoto, C, Grinsztejn, B, Veloso, V, Luz, P, De Boni, R, Wagner, S, Friedman, R, Moreira, R, Pinto, J, Ferreira, F, Maia, M, De Menezes Succi, R, Machado, D, De Fatima Barbosa Gouvea, A, Wolff, M, Cortes, C, Rodriguez, M, Allendes, G, Pape, J, Rouzier, V, Marcelin, A, Perodin, C, Luque, M, Padgett, D, Madero, J, Ramirez, B, Belaunzaran, P, Vega, Y, Gotuzzo, E, Mejia, F, Carriquiry, G, Shepherd, B, Sterling, T, Jayathilake, K, Person, A, Giganti, M, Duda, S, Maruri, F, Vansell, H, Ly, P, Khol, V, Zhang, F, Zhao, H, Han, N, Lee, M, Li, P, Lam, W, Chan, Y, Kumarasamy, N, Saghayam, S, Ezhilarasi, C, Pujari, S, Joshi, K, Gaikwad, S, Chitalikar, A, Merati, T, Wirawan, D, Yuliana, F, Yunihastuti, E, Imran, D, Widhani, A, Tanuma, J, Oka, S, Nishijima, T, Choi, J, Na, S, Kim, J, Sim, B, Gani, Y, David, R, Kamarulzaman, A, Syed Omar, S, Ponnampalavanar, S, Azwa, I, Ditangco, R, Uy, E, Bantique, R, Wong, W, Ku, W, Wu, P, Ng, O, Lim, P, Lee, L, Ohnmar, P, Avihingsanon, A, Gatechompol, S, Phanuphak, P, Phadungphon, C, Kiertiburanakul, S, Sungkanuparph, S, Chumla, L, Sanmeema, N, Chaiwarith, R, Sirisanthana, T, Kotarathititum, W, Praparattanapan, J, Kantipong, P, Kambua, P, Ratanasuwan, W, Sriondee, R, Nguyen, K, Bui, H, Nguyen, D, Cuong, D, An, N, Luan, N, Sohn, A, Ross, J, Petersen, B, Cooper, D, Jiamsakul, A, Boettiger, D, Ellis, D, Bloch, M, Agrawal, S, Vincent, T, Allen, D, Smith, D, Rankin, A, Baker, D, Templeton, D, Jackson, E, Mccallum, K, Ryder, N, Sweeney, G, Carr, A, Macrae, K, Hesse, K, Finlayson, R, Gupta, S, Langton-Lockton, J, Shakeshaft, J, Brown, K, Idle, S, Arvela, N, Varma, R, Lu, H, Couldwell, D, Eswarappa, S, Furner, V, Cabrera, G, Fernando, S, Cogle, A, Lawrence, C, Mulhall, B, Boyd, M, Petoumenos, K, Puhr, R, Huang, R, Han, A, Gunathilake, M, Payne, R, O'Sullivan, M, Croydon, A, Russell, D, Cashman, C, Roberts, C, Sowden, D, Taing, K, Marshall, P, Orth, D, Youds, D, Rowling, D, Latch, N, Warzywoda, E, Dickson, B, Donohue, W, Edwards, S, Boyd, S, Roth, N, Lau, H, Read, T, Silvers, J, Zeng, W, Hoy, J, Watson, K, Bryant, M, Price, S, Woolley, I, Giles, M, Korman, T, Williams, J, Nolan, D, Allen, A, Guelfi, G, Mills, G, Wharry, C, Raymond, N, and Bargh, K

Subjects
Male, viruses, HIV Infections, Men who have sex with men, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Antiretroviral therapy, Cohort study, HIV, Kaposi sarcoma, Adolescent, Adult, Anti-Retroviral Agents, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Female, HIV-1, Humans, Middle Aged, Sarcoma, Kaposi, Viral Load, Young Adult, 030212 general & internal medicine, Articles and Commentaries, Incidence (epidemiology), Hazard ratio, virus diseases, Sarcoma, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cohort, Coinfection, Microbiology (medical), antiretroviral therapy, 610 Medicine & health, Kaposi, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, 360 Social problems & social services, medicine, cohort study, business.industry, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, business, Demography
Abstract

Background We compared Kaposi sarcoma (KS) risk in adults who started antiretroviral therapy (ART) across the Asia-Pacific, South Africa, Europe, Latin, and North America. Methods We included cohort data of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive adults who started ART after 1995 within the framework of 2 large collaborations of observational HIV cohorts. We present incidence rates and adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs). Results We included 208140 patients from 57 countries. Over a period of 1066572 person-years, 2046 KS cases were diagnosed. KS incidence rates per 100000 person-years were 52 in the Asia-Pacific and ranged between 180 and 280 in the other regions. KS risk was 5 times higher in South African women (aHR, 4.56; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 2.73-7.62) than in their European counterparts, and 2 times higher in South African men (2.21; 1.34-3.63). In Europe, Latin, and North America KS risk was 6 times higher in men who have sex with men (aHR, 5.95; 95% CI, 5.09-6.96) than in women. Comparing patients with current CD4 cell counts ≥700 cells/µL with those whose counts were

Published
2017

35. Variability of growth in children starting antiretroviral treatment in southern Africa

Author

Gsponer T., Weigel R., Davies M. A., Bolton C., Moultrie H., Vaz P., Rabie H., Technau K., Ndirangu J., Eley B., Garone D., Wellington M., Giddy J., Ehmer J., Egger M., Keiser O., and Ie D. E. A. Southern Africa

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Poor growth is an indication for antiretroviral therapy (ART) and a criterion for treatment failure. We examined variability in growth response to ART in 12 programs in Malawi Zambia Zimbabwe Mozambique and South Africa. METHODS: Treatment naive children aged /= 1. For HAZ the corresponding range was 2.33 (95 CI: 2.62 to 2.02) to 1.27 (95 CI: 1.58 to 1.00) for baseline HAZ /= 1. CONCLUSIONS: Despite a sustained growth response and catch up growth in children with advanced HIV disease treated with ART normal weights and heights are not achieved over 3 years of ART.

Published
2013

36. Childhood tuberculosis is associated with decreased abundance of T cell gene transcripts and impaired T cell function

Author

Rottenberg, ME, Hemingway, C, Berk, M, Anderson, ST, Wright, VJ, Hamilton, S, Eleftherohorinou, H, Kaforou, M, Goldgof, GM, Hickman, K, Kampmann, B, Schoeman, J, Eley, B, Beatty, D, Pienaar, S, Nicol, MP, Griffiths, MJ, Waddell, SJ, Newton, SM, Coin, LJ, Relman, DA, Montana, G, Levin, M, Rottenberg, ME, Hemingway, C, Berk, M, Anderson, ST, Wright, VJ, Hamilton, S, Eleftherohorinou, H, Kaforou, M, Goldgof, GM, Hickman, K, Kampmann, B, Schoeman, J, Eley, B, Beatty, D, Pienaar, S, Nicol, MP, Griffiths, MJ, Waddell, SJ, Newton, SM, Coin, LJ, Relman, DA, Montana, G, and Levin, M

Abstract

The WHO estimates around a million children contract tuberculosis (TB) annually with over 80 000 deaths from dissemination of infection outside of the lungs. The insidious onset and association with skin test anergy suggests failure of the immune system to both recognise and respond to infection. To understand the immune mechanisms, we studied genome-wide whole blood RNA expression in children with TB meningitis (TBM). Findings were validated in a second cohort of children with TBM and pulmonary TB (PTB), and functional T-cell responses studied in a third cohort of children with TBM, other extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) and PTB. The predominant RNA transcriptional response in children with TBM was decreased abundance of multiple genes, with 140/204 (68%) of all differentially regulated genes showing reduced abundance compared to healthy controls. Findings were validated in a second cohort with concordance of the direction of differential expression in both TBM (r2 = 0.78 p = 2x10-16) and PTB patients (r2 = 0.71 p = 2x10-16) when compared to a second group of healthy controls. Although the direction of expression of these significant genes was similar in the PTB patients, the magnitude of differential transcript abundance was less in PTB than in TBM. The majority of genes were involved in activation of leucocytes (p = 2.67E-11) and T-cell receptor signalling (p = 6.56E-07). Less abundant gene expression in immune cells was associated with a functional defect in T-cell proliferation that recovered after full TB treatment (p<0.0003). Multiple genes involved in T-cell activation show decreased abundance in children with acute TB, who also have impaired functional T-cell responses. Our data suggest that childhood TB is associated with an acquired immune defect, potentially resulting in failure to contain the pathogen. Elucidation of the mechanism causing the immune paresis may identify new treatment and prevention strategies.

Published
2017

37. Antiretroviral treatment for children

Author

Eley, B., Davies, M. A., Apolles, P., Cowburn, C., Heloise Buys, Zampoli, M., Finlayson, H., King, S., Nuttall, J., Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, and Faculty of Health Sciences

Abstract

Objective. To describe the response of children during their first year on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).Design. Retrospective, descriptive.Setting. Tertiary, referral hospital.Subjects. All HIV-infected children commenced on HAART from 1 August 2002 until31 December 2004.Outcome measures. Children were retrospectively restaged using the WHO 4-stage clinical classification and CDC immunological staging system. After commencing HAART, patients were assessed at monthly intervals for the first 6 months and thereafter mostly 3-monthly. Baseline and 6- monthly CD4 counts and viral loads were performed.Results. Of 409 children commenced on HAART, 50.6% were < 2 years old, 62.7% had severe clinical disease and 76.6% had severe immune suppression. After 1 year, 65.8% were alive and continued HAART at the hospital, 11.2% had been transferred to another antiretroviral site, 15.4% had died, 4.6% were lost to follow-up and treatment had been discontinued in 2.9%. Kaplan-Meier survival estimate for 407 children at 1 year was 84% (95% confidence interval (CI) 80- 87%). On multivariate analysis, survival was adversely affected in children with WHO stage 4 v. stage 2 and 3 disease (adjusted hazard ratio (HR): 5.26 (95% CI 2.25- 12.32), p = 0.000), age < 12 months (adjusted HR: 2.46 (95% CI 1.48- 4.09), p = 0.001) and CD4 absolute count (per 100 cell increase) (adjusted HR: 0.93 (95% CI 0.88- 0.98), p = 0.013). In a separate multivariate model including only children with an initial viral load (N = 367), viral load :2: 1 million copies/ml (adjusted HR: 1.84 (95% CI 1.03- 3.29)) and taking a protease inhibitor (PI)-based regimen (adjusted HR: 2.25 (95% CI 1.10- 4.61)) were additionally independently associated with poorer survival; however, young age was not a significant predictor of mortality, after adjusting for viral load (p = 0.119). After 1 year of HAART 184/264 (69.7%) of children had a viral load < 400 copies/mi. Comparative analysis showed significant improvements in growth, immunological status and virological control. Conclusion. HAART can improve the health of many HIV infected children with advanced disease, including those aged less than 2 years in resource-limited settings.

Published
2016

38. Implementation of Tuberculosis Intensive Case Finding, Isoniazid Preventive Therapy, and Infection Control ('Three I's') and HIV-Tuberculosis Service Integration in Lower Income Countries

Author

Charles, M.K., Lindegren, M.L., Wester, C.W., Blevins, M., Sterling, T.R., Dung, N.T., Dusingize, J.C., Avit-Edi, D., Durier, N., Castelnuovo, B., Nakigozi, G., Cortes, C.P., Ballif, M., Fenner, L., Ajayi, S., Anastos, K., Bashi, J., Bishai, W., Boulle, A., Braitstein, P., Carriquiry, G., Carter, J.E., Cegielski, P., Chimbetete, C., Davies, M.-A., Diero, L., Duda, S., Egger, M., Eboua, T.F., Gasser, A., Geng, E., Gnokori, J.C., Hardwicke, L., Hoffmann, C., Huebner, R., Kancheya, N., Kiertiburanakul, S., Kim, P., Lameck, D., Leroy, V., Lewden, C., Mandalakas, A., Maskew, M., McKaig, R., Mofenson, L., Mpoudi-Etame, M., Okwara, B., Phiri, S., Prasitsuebsai, W., Petit, A., Prozesky, H., Reid, S.E., Renner, L., Reubenson, G., Sohn, A., Vo, Q., Walker, D., Wehbe, F., Wejse, C., Williams, C., Wood, R., Wools-Kaloustian, K., Yao, Z., Yunihastuti, E., Zhang, F.J., Zhao, H.X., Han, N., Merati, T.P., Wirawan, D.N., Yuliana, F., Ditangco, R., Uy, E., Bantique, R., Phanuphak, P., Ruxrungtham, K., Avihingsanon, A., Khongphattanayothin, M., Sungkanuparph, S., Sanmeema, N., Chaiwarith, R., Sirisanthana, T., Kotarathititum, W., Pham, T.T., Cuong, D.D., Ha, H.L., Nguyen, V.K., Bui, V.H., Nguyen, T.D., Sohn, A.H., Petersen, B., Cooper, D.A., Law, M.G., Jiamsakul, A., Boettiger, D.C., Wati, D.K., Atmikasari, L.P.P., Malino, I.Y., Nallusamy, R., Chan, K.C., Lumbiganon, P., Kosalaraksa, P., Tharnprisan, P., Udomphanit, T., Phongsamart, W., Wittawatmongkol, O., Dung, K.T.K., Lam, N.V., An, P.N., Loan, N.T., Truong, H.K., Du, T.Q., Chau, N.H., Do, C.V., Ha, M.T., Nipathakosol, P., Kariminia, A., Mutimura, E., Gitembagara, A., Tatwangire, J., Izabelle, I., Niyongabo, T., Twizere, C., Baramperanye, E., Edmonds, A., Yotebieng, M., Azinyue, I., Ayangma, L., Dickinson, D., Eley, B., Fritz, C., Garone, D., Giddy, J., MacPhail, P., Moultrie, H., Ndirangu, J., Pestilli, S., Rabie, H., Stringer, J., Technau, K., Graber, C., Kaeser, F., Keiser, O., Cornell, M., Maxwell, N., Zannou, D.M., Ahouada, C., Akakpo, J., Ahomadegbé, C., Gougounon-Houéto, A., Azon-Kouanou, A., Houngbé, F., Sehonou, J., Koumakpaï, S., Alihonou, F., D'Almeida, M., Hodonou, I., Hounhoui, G., Sagbo, G., Tossa-Bagnan, L., Adjide, H., Drabo, J., Bognounou, R., Dienderé, A., Traore, E., Zoungrana, L., Zerbo, B., Sawadogo, A.B., Zoungrana, J., Héma, A., Soré, I., Bado, G., Tapsoba, A., Yé, D., Kouéta, F., Ouedraogo, S., Ouédraogo, R., Hiembo, W., Gansonré, M., Messou, E., Gnokoro, J.C., Koné, M., Kouakou, G.M., Bosse, C.A., Brou, K., Assi, A.I., Chenal, H., Hawerlander, D., Soppi, F., Minga, A., Abo, Y., Yoboue, J.-M., Eholié, S.P., Amego, M.D.N., Andavi, V., Diallo, Z., Ello, F., Tanon, A.K., Koule, S.O., Anzan, K.C., Guehi, C., Aka, E.A., Issouf, K.L., Kouakou, J.-C., N'Gbeche, M.-S., Pety, T., Kouakou, K., Moh, M., Yao, V.A., Folquet, M.A., Dainguy, M.-E., Kouakou, C., Méa-Assande, V.T., Oka-Berete, G., Zobo, N., Acquah, P., Kokora, M.-B., Timité-Konan, M., Ahoussou, L.D., Assouan, J.K., Sami, M.F., Kouadio, C., Goka, B., Welbeck, J., Sackey, A., Owiafe, S.N., Da Silva, Z.J., Paulo, J., Rodrigues, A., Da Silva, D., Medina, C., Oliviera-Souto, I., Østergaard, L., Laursen, A., Sodemann, M., Aaby, P., Fomsgaard, A., Erikstrup, C., Eugen-Olsen, J., Maïga, M.Y., Diakité, F.F., Kalle, A., Katile, D., Traore, H.A., Minta, D., Cissé, T., Dembelé, M., Doumbia, M., Fomba, M., Kaya, A.S., Traoré, A.M., Traoré, H., Toure, A.A., Dicko, F., Sylla, M., Berthé, A., Traoré, H.C., Koïta, A., Koné, N., N'Diaye, C., Coulibaly, S.T., Traoré, M., Traoré, N., Charurat, M., Alim, G., Dapiap, S., Otu, Igbinoba, F., Benson, O., Adebamowo, C., James, J., Obaseki, Osakede, P., Olasode, J., Seydi, M., Sow, P.S., Diop, B., Manga, N.M., Tine, J.M., Bassabi, C.C., Sy, H.S., Ba, A., Diagne, A., Dior, H., Faye, M., Gueye, R.D., Mbaye, A.D., Patassi, A., Kotosso, A., Kariyare, B.G., Gbadamassi, G., Komi, A., Mensah-Zukong, K.E., Pakpame, P., Lawson-Evi, A.K., Atakouma, Y., Takassi, E., Djeha, A., Ephoévigah, A., Djibril, S.E.-H., Dabis, F., Bissagnene, E., Arrivé, E., Coffie, P., Ekouevi, D., Jaquet, A., Sasco, A.J., Amani, D., Azani, J.-C., Balestre, E., Bessekon, S., Bohossou, F., Gilbert, C., Karcher, S., Gonsan, J.M., Le Carrou, J., Lenaud, S., Nchot, C., Malateste, K., Yao, A.R., Siloué, B., Clouet, G., Dosso, M., Doring, A., Kouakou, A., Rabourdin, E., Rivenc, J., Anglaret, X., Ba, B., Essanin, J.B., Ciaranello, A., Datté, S., Desmonde, S., Diby, J.-S.E., Gottlieb, G.S., Horo, A.G., Kangah, S.N., Malvy, D., Meless, D., Mounkaila-Harouna, A., Ndondoki, C., Shiboski, C., Tchounga, B., Thiébaut, R., Wandeler, G., McGowan, C., Cahn, P., Gotuzzo Herencia, José Eduardo, Reyes, M.W., Grinsztejn, B., Pape, J.W., Padgett, D., and Madero, J.S.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Program evaluation, Bacterial Diseases, poverty, Physiology, Antitubercular Agents, lcsh:Medicine, HIV Infections, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Occupational safety and health, Geographical Locations, 0302 clinical medicine, case finding, Health care, lowest income group, Medicine and Health Sciences, Coughing, Medicine, Infection control, 030212 general & internal medicine, lcsh:Science, fever, Multidisciplinary, antiretrovirus agent, adult, HIV diagnosis and management, sputum smear, Vaccination and Immunization, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Caribbean Region, Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Management, protective equipment, tuberculosis control, Research Article, medicine.medical_specialty, isoniazid, Tuberculosis, Asia, integrated health care system, 030106 microbiology, HIV prevention, Immunology, Developing country, Antiretroviral Therapy, complication, 610 Medicine & health, World Health Organization, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Signs and Symptoms, Tuberculosis diagnosis, Antiviral Therapy, Human immunodeficiency virus infection, night sweat, 360 Social problems & social services, Environmental health, parasitic diseases, Isoniazid, Humans, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.01.05 [https], human, coughing, Poverty, tuberculin test, Caribbean, Preventive medicine, Infection Control, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections, business.industry, screening, lcsh:R, Biology and Life Sciences, occupational safety, South America, medicine.disease, Tropical Diseases, Diagnostic medicine, mask, Public and occupational health, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.02.07 [https], People and Places, Africa, Physical therapy, tuberculostatic agent, lcsh:Q, weight reduction, business, Physiological Processes
Abstract

SETTING World Health Organization advocates for integration of HIV-tuberculosis (TB) services and recommends intensive case finding (ICF), isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT), and infection control ("Three I's") for TB prevention and control among persons living with HIV. OBJECTIVE To assess the implementation of the "Three I's" of TB-control at HIV treatment sites in lower income countries. DESIGN Survey conducted between March-July, 2012 at 47 sites in 26 countries: 6 (13%) Asia Pacific, 7 (15%), Caribbean, Central and South America, 5 (10%) Central Africa, 8 (17%) East Africa, 14 (30%) Southern Africa, and 7 (15%) West Africa. RESULTS ICF using symptom-based screening was performed at 38% of sites; 45% of sites used symptom-screening plus additional diagnostics. IPT at enrollment or ART initiation was implemented in only 17% of sites, with 9% of sites providing IPT to tuberculin-skin-test positive patients. Infection control measures varied: 62% of sites separated smear-positive patients, and healthcare workers used masks at 57% of sites. Only 12 (26%) sites integrated HIV-TB services. Integration was not associated with implementation of TB prevention measures except for IPT provision at enrollment (42% integrated vs. 9% non-integrated; p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Implementation of TB screening, IPT provision, and infection control measures was low and variable across regional HIV treatment sites, regardless of integration status.

Published
2016

39. Safety and immunogenicity of TetractHib (a vaccine combining DTP vaccine and Haemophilus influenza type b conjugate vaccine) administered to infants at 6, 10 and 14 weeks of age

Author

Hussey, G, Malan, H, Hughes, J, Eley, B, Piollet, M, Charrondiere, M, and Sachs, E

Abstract

The safety and immunogenicity of TETRActHIB (a vaccine combining diphtheria and tetanus toxoids-pertussis vaccine (DTP) with Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine (polyribosyl ribitol phosphate conjugated to tetanus protein) (PRP-T)) was assessed in 131 Cape Town infants immunised at 6, 10 and 14 weeks of age. Serological responses to all component antigens were measured before the first dose and at 18 weeks of age. In addition, anti-PRP antibodies were measured at 9 and 18 months of age to determine long-term immunogenicity. The vaccine was well tolerated by infants and no significant side-effects were reported. Responses to Hib at 18 weeks of age were good in that most infants achieved a level of anti-PRP antibodies

Published
2015

42. Editorial: Care of HIV-Exposed and HIV-Infected Neonates

Author

Eley, B

Abstract

South Africa has implemented a successful prevention-of-mother-to-child-transmission (PMTCT) intervention programme. Important milestones achieved in 2012 include: (1) an estimated 83% of all pregnant women living with HIV in South Africa received antiretrovirals (ARVs) for PMTCT, (2) early vertical transmission of HIV in infants ≤ 2 months of age declined to 2.4% and (3) early infant HIV diagnosis coverage (i.e. coverage in infants < 2 months of age) reached 72.6%.

Published
2015

43. Adolescent and young pregnant women at increased risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and poorer maternal and infant health outcomes: A cohort study at public facilities in the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan district, Eastern Cape, South Africa

Author

Fatti, G, Shaikh, N, Eley, B, Jackson, D, Grimwood, A, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, and Faculty of Health Sciences

Subjects
Adult, Risk, Adolescent, Anti-HIV Agents, Age Factors, Infant, Newborn, Pregnancy Outcome, HIV Infections, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Cohort Studies, South Africa, Young Adult, Pregnancy, Humans, Female, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious
Abstract

Background. South Africa (SA) has the highest burden of childhood HIV infection globally, and has high rates of adolescent and youth pregnancy.Objective. To explore risks associated with pregnancy in young HIV-infected women, we compared mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV and maternal and infant health outcomes according to maternal age categories.Methods. A cohort of HIV-positive pregnant women and their infants were followed up at three sentinel surveillance facilities in the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan (NMBM) district, Eastern Cape Province, SA. Young women were defined as ≤24 years old and adolescents as ≤19 years. The effect of younger maternal age categories on MTCT and maternal and child health outcomes was assessed using log-binomial and Cox regression controlling for confounding, using women aged >24 years as the comparison group.Results. Of 956 mothers, 312 (32.6%) were young women; of these, 65 (20.8%) were adolescents. The proportion of young pregnant women increased by 24% between 2009/10 and 2011/12 (from 28.3% to 35.1%). Young women had an increased risk of being unaware of their HIV status when booking (adjusted risk ratio (aRR) 1.37; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.21 - 1.54), a reduced rate of antenatal antiretroviral therapy (ART) uptake (adjusted hazard ratio 0.46; 95% CI 0.31 - 0.67), reduced early infant HIV diagnosis (aRR 0.94; 95% CI 0.94 - 0.94), and increased MTCT (aRR 3.07; 95% CI 1.18 - 7.96; adjusted for ART use). Of all vertical transmissions, 56% occurred among young women. Additionally, adolescents had increased risks of first presentation during labour (aRR 3.78; 95% CI 1.06 - 13.4); maternal mortality (aRR 35.1; 95% CI 2.89 - 426) and stillbirth (aRR 3.33; 95% CI 1.53 - 7.25).Conclusion. An increasing proportion of pregnant HIV-positive women in NMBM were young, and they had increased MTCT and poorer maternal and infant outcomes than older women. Interventions targeting young women are increasingly needed to reduce pregnancy, HIV infection and MTCT and improve maternal and infant outcomes if SA is to attain its Millennium Development Goals.

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

44. Management of mental health disorders and central nervous system sequelae in HIV-positive children and adolescents

Author

Nassen, R, Donald, K, Walker, K, Paruk, S, Vujovic, M, Duncan, W, Laughton, B, Moos, B, Eley, B, Lachman, A, and Wilmshurst, J

Subjects
virus diseases
Abstract

HIV-positive children and adolescents are at increased risk of both central nervous system (CNS) sequelae and mental disorders owing to a number of factors, including the impact of HIV infection on the brain, social determinants of health (e.g. poverty and orphanhood) and psychosocial stressors related to living with HIV. Every effort should be made to identify perinatally HIV-infected children and initiate them on antiretroviral therapy early in life. HIV clinicians should ideally screen for mental health and neurocognitive problems, as part of the routine monitoring of children attending antiretroviral clinics. This guideline is intended as a reference tool for HIV clinicians to support the early identification, screening and management of mental health disorders and/or CNS impairment in children and adolescents. This guideline covers mental disorders (section 1) and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (section 2) among children and adolescents.

Published
2014

45. Diagnosis of Childhood Tuberculosis and Host RNA Expression in Africa

Author

Anderson, S.T., Kaforou, M., Brent, A.J., Wright, V.J., Banwell, C.M., Chagaluka, G., Crampin, A.C., Dockrell, H.M., French, N., Hamilton, M.S., Hibberd, M.L., Kern, F., Langford, P.R., Ling, L., Mlotha, R., Ottenhoff, T.H.M., Pienaar, S., Pillay, V., Scott, J.A.G., Twahir, H., Wilkinson, R.J., Coin, L.J., Heyderman, R.S., Levin, M., Eley, B., ILULU Consortium, and KIDS TB Study Grp

Subjects
Tuberculosis, biology, Latent tuberculosis, business.industry, Host (biology), 1. No poverty, wa_395, General Medicine, Disease, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Article, 3. Good health, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, qu_58.7, Tuberculosis diagnosis, Immunology, wf_220, ws_280, Medicine, Population study, wf_200, Differential diagnosis, business
Abstract

Background\ud \ud Improved diagnostic tests for tuberculosis in children are needed. We hypothesized that transcriptional signatures of host blood could be used to distinguish tuberculosis from other diseases in African children who either were or were not infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).\ud \ud Methods\ud \ud The study population comprised prospective cohorts of children who were undergoing evaluation for suspected tuberculosis in South Africa (655 children), Malawi (701 children), and Kenya (1599 children). Patients were assigned to groups according to whether the diagnosis was culture-confirmed tuberculosis, culture-negative tuberculosis, diseases other than tuberculosis, or latent tuberculosis infection. Diagnostic signatures distinguishing tuberculosis from other diseases and from latent tuberculosis infection were identified from genomewide analysis of RNA expression in host blood.\ud \ud Results\ud \ud We identified a 51-transcript signature distinguishing tuberculosis from other diseases in the South African and Malawian children (the discovery cohort). In the Kenyan children (the validation cohort), a risk score based on the signature for tuberculosis and for diseases other than tuberculosis showed a sensitivity of 82.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 68.6 to 94.3) and a specificity of 83.6% (95% CI, 74.6 to 92.7) for the diagnosis of culture-confirmed tuberculosis. Among patients with cultures negative for Mycobacterium tuberculosis who were treated for tuberculosis (those with highly probable, probable, or possible cases of tuberculosis), the estimated sensitivity was 62.5 to 82.3%, 42.1 to 80.8%, and 35.3 to 79.6%, respectively, for different estimates of actual tuberculosis in the groups. In comparison, the sensitivity of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay for molecular detection of M. tuberculosis DNA in cases of culture-confirmed tuberculosis was 54.3% (95% CI, 37.1 to 68.6), and the sensitivity in highly probable, probable, or possible cases was an estimated 25.0 to 35.7%, 5.3 to 13.3%, and 0%, respectively; the specificity of the assay was 100%.\ud \ud Conclusions\ud \ud RNA expression signatures provided data that helped distinguish tuberculosis from other diseases in African children with and those without HIV infection. (Funded by the European Union Action for Diseases of Poverty Program and others).

Published
2014

46. Periodontia

Author

Eley, B. M., Manson, J. D., Soory, M., Eley, B. M., Manson, J. D., and Soory, M.

Subjects
Periodontics--Outlines, syllabi, etc
Abstract

A 6ª edição desse livro, já clássico, continua a oferecer aos leitores as informações essenciais necessárias a fi m de assegurar um sólido conhecimento do tema, tanto a partir da ciência básica quanto de uma perspectiva clínica.Essa nova edição, completamente atualizada, inclui as áreas de microbiologia, patologia infl amatória, imunologia, genética e medicina dentária na etiopatogenia das doenças periodontais, bem como conceitos de higiene dental, odontologia restauradora, medicina dentária para tratamento adjunto e intervenção cirúrgica. De autoria de especialistas de renome internacional, esse livro é ideal tanto para graduandos quanto para pós-graduandos, bemcomo para os clínicos interessados em medicina oral.

Published
2012

49. Periodontologia

Author

Eley, B. M., Manson, J. D., Soory, M., Eley, B. M., Manson, J. D., and Soory, M.

Subjects
Periodontics, Dentistry
Abstract

Podręcznik przeznaczony jest dla studentów stomatologii, a także praktykujących dentystów. Stanowi doskonałe źródło wiedzy na temat chorób przyzębia. Czytelnik znajdzie tutaj informacje dotyczące anatomii, histologii i fizjologii przyzębia, jak również najnowsze doniesienia dotyczące epidemiologii, etiopatogenezy, diagnostyki, leczenia zachowawczego i chirurgicznego. Liczne ryciny, zdjęcia i radiogramy zawarte w książce stanowią cenne uzupełnienie tej pozycji i ułatwiają czytelnikowi zrozumienie poszczególnych problemów. Informacje zawarte w książce z pewnością będą bardzo pomocne zarówno podczas przygotowywania się do egzaminów, jak i w codziennej pracy lekarza praktyka.

Published
2011

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results