10 results on '"Eleonora Fini"'
Search Results
2. SIRT1 and thrombosis
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Alessandra Bettiol, Maria Letizia Urban, Giacomo Emmi, Silvia Galora, Flavia Rita Argento, Eleonora Fini, Serena Borghi, Giacomo Bagni, Irene Mattioli, Domenico Prisco, Claudia Fiorillo, and Matteo Becatti
- Subjects
SIRT1 ,thrombosis ,oxidative stress ,atherosclerosis ,sirtuins ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Thrombosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with a complex and multifactorial pathogenesis. Recent studies have shown that SIRT1, a member of the sirtuin family of NAD + -dependent deacetylases, plays a crucial role in regulating thrombosis, modulating key pathways including endothelial activation, platelet aggregation, and coagulation. Furthermore, SIRT1 displays anti-inflammatory activity both in vitro, in vivo and in clinical studies, particularly via the reduction of oxidative stress. On these bases, several studies have investigated the therapeutic potential of targeting SIRT1 for the prevention of thrombosis. This review provides a comprehensive and critical overview of the main preclinical and clinical studies and of the current understanding of the role of SIRT1 in thrombosis.
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- 2024
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3. Advancing Thrombosis Research: A Novel Device for Measuring Clot Permeability
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Elia Landi, Marco Mugnaini, Tunahan Vatansever, Ada Fort, Valerio Vignoli, Elvira Giurranna, Flavia Rita Argento, Eleonora Fini, Giacomo Emmi, Claudia Fiorillo, and Matteo Becatti
- Subjects
blood clot ,permeability measurement ,low-cost ,portable measurement system ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
Thromboembolism, a global leading cause of mortality, needs accurate risk assessment for effective prophylaxis and treatment. Current stratification methods fall short in predicting thrombotic events, emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding of clot properties. Fibrin clot permeability, a crucial parameter in hypercoagulable states, impacts clot structure and resistance to lysis. Current clot permeability measurement limitations propel the need for standardized methods. Prior findings underscore the importance of clot permeability in various thrombotic conditions but call for improvements and more precise, repeatable, and standardized methods. Addressing these challenges, our study presents an upgraded, portable, and cost-effective system for measuring blood clot permeability, which utilizes a pressure-based approach that adheres to Darcy’s law. By enhancing precision and sensitivity in discerning clot characteristics, this innovation provides a valuable tool for assessing thrombotic risk and associated pathological conditions. In this paper, the authors present a device that is able to automatically perform the permeability measurements on plasma or fibrinogen in vitro-induced clots on specific holders (filters). The proposed device has been tailored to distinguish clot permeability, with high precision and sensitivity, between healthy subjects and high cardiovascular-risk patients. The precise measure of clot permeability represents an excellent indicator of thrombotic risk, thus allowing the clinician, also on the basis of other anamnestic and laboratory data, to attribute a risk score to the subject. The proposed instrument was characterized by performing permeability measurements in plasma and purified fibrinogen clots derived from 17 Behcet patients and 15 sex- and age-matched controls. As expected, our results clearly indicate a significant difference in plasma clot permeability in Behcet patients with respect to controls (0.0533 ± 0.0199 d vs. 0.0976 ± 0.0160 d, p < 0.001). This difference was confirmed in the patient’s vs. control fibrin clots (0.0487 ± 0.0170 d vs. 0.1167 ± 0.0487 d, p < 0.001). In conclusion, our study demonstrates the feasibility, efficacy, portability, and cost-effectiveness of a novel device for measuring clot permeability, allowing healthcare providers to better stratify thrombotic risk and tailor interventions, thereby improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare costs, which could significantly improve the management of thromboembolic diseases.
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- 2024
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4. Blood Leukocyte ROS Production Reflects Seminal Fluid Oxidative Stress and Spermatozoa Dysfunction in Idiopathic Infertile Men
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Matteo Becatti, Gianmartin Cito, Flavia Rita Argento, Eleonora Fini, Alessandra Bettiol, Serena Borghi, Amanda Mannucci, Rossella Fucci, Claudia Giachini, Rita Picone, Giacomo Emmi, Niccolò Taddei, Maria Elisabetta Coccia, and Claudia Fiorillo
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men infertility ,leukocyte ROS production ,oxidative stress ,sperm dysfunction ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
A large proportion of infertile men do not receive a clear diagnosis, being considered as idiopathic or unexplained cases due to infertility diagnosis based on standard semen parameters. Particularly in unexplained cases, the search for new indicators seems mandatory to provide specific information. In the etiopathogenesis of male infertility oxidative stress displays important roles by negatively affecting sperm quality and function. In this study, performed in a population of 34 idiopathic infertile men and in 52 age-matched controls, redox parameters were assessed in blood, leukocytes, spermatozoa, and seminal fluid and related to semen parameters. The main findings indicate that blood oxidative stress markers reflect seminal oxidative stress. Interestingly, blood leukocyte ROS production was significantly correlated to sperm ROS production and to semen parameters. Overall, these results suggest the potential employ of blood redox markers as a relevant and adjunctive tool for sperm quality evaluation aimed to preconception care.
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- 2023
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5. The Impact of Oxidative Stress in Male Infertility
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Amanda Mannucci, Flavia Rita Argento, Eleonora Fini, Maria Elisabetta Coccia, Niccolò Taddei, Matteo Becatti, and Claudia Fiorillo
- Subjects
oxidative stress ,ROS ,reactive oxygen species ,male infertility ,spermatozoa ,semen parameters ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
At present infertility is affecting about 15% of couples and male factor is responsible for almost 50% of infertility cases. Oxidative stress, due to enhanced Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production and/or decreased antioxidants, has been repeatedly suggested as a new emerging causative factor of this condition. However, the central roles exerted by ROS in sperm physiology cannot be neglected. On these bases, the present review is focused on illustrating both the role of ROS in male infertility and their main sources of production. Oxidative stress assessment, the clinical use of redox biomarkers and the treatment of oxidative stress-related male infertility are also discussed.
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- 2022
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6. An Insight into Giant Cell Arteritis Pathogenesis: Evidence for Oxidative Stress and SIRT1 Downregulation
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Alessandro Ianni, Poonam Kumari, Shahriar Tarighi, Flavia Rita Argento, Eleonora Fini, Giacomo Emmi, Alessandra Bettiol, Thomas Braun, Domenico Prisco, Claudia Fiorillo, and Matteo Becatti
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giant cell arteritis (GCA) ,oxidative stress ,SIRT1 ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Giant cell arteritis (GCA), medium and large vessel granulomatous vasculitis affecting the elderly, is characterized by a multitude of vascular complications, including venous thrombosis, myocardial infraction and stroke. The formation of granulomatous infiltrates and the enhanced accumulation of proinflammatory cytokines are typical features of this condition. The GCA pathogenesis remains largely unknown, but recent studies have suggested the involvement of oxidative stress, mainly sustained by an enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by immature neutrophils. On this basis, in the present study, we intended to evaluate, in GCA patients, the presence of systemic oxidative stress and possible alterations in the expression level of nuclear sirtuins, enzymes involved in the inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress. Thirty GCA patients were included in the study and compared to 30 healthy controls in terms of leukocyte ROS production, oxidative stress and SIRT1 expression. Our results clearly indicated a significant increase (p < 0.05) both in the ROS levels in the leukocyte fractions and plasma oxidative stress markers (lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant capacity) in the GCA patients compared to the healthy controls. In PBMCs from the GCA patients, a significant decrease in SIRT1 expression (p < 0.05) but not in SIRT6 and SIRT7 expression was found. Taken together, our preliminary findings indicate that, in GCA patients, plasma oxidative stress is paralleled by a reduced SIRT1 expression in PBMC. Further studies are needed to highlight if and how these alterations contribute to GCA pathogenesis.
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- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Neutrophil-mediated mechanisms of damage and in-vitro protective effect of colchicine in non-vascular Behçet's syndrome
- Author
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Adalgisa Palermo, Giacomo Emmi, Matteo Becatti, Niccolò Taddei, Alessandra Bettiol, Silvia Galora, Irene Mattioli, Maria Letizia Urban, Amanda Mannucci, Domenico Prisco, Flavia Rita Argento, Eleonora Fini, Claudia Fiorillo, Elena Silvestri, and Danilo Malandrino
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Neutrophils ,Immunology ,Anti-Inflammatory Agents ,Inflammation/Inflammatory Disease ,Pharmacology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Extracellular Traps ,vasculitis ,Antioxidants ,Autoimmunity ,Pathogenesis ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Colchicine ,human ,Retrospective Studies ,reactive oxygen species ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Reactive oxygen species ,business.industry ,Behcet Syndrome ,autoimmunity ,Neutrophil extracellular traps ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Oxidative Stress ,chemistry ,Apoptosis ,Case-Control Studies ,Original Article ,Female ,ORIGINAL ARTICLES ,business ,Intracellular ,Systemic vasculitis - Abstract
Behçet’s syndrome (BS) is a systemic vasculitis with several clinical manifestations. Neutrophil hyperactivation mediates vascular BS pathogenesis, via both a massive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) release. Here, we investigated neutrophil‐mediated mechanisms of damage in non‐vascular BS manifestations and explored the in‐vitro effects of colchicine in counteracting these mechanisms. NETs and intracellular ROS production was assessed in blood samples from 80 BS patients (46 with active non‐vascular BS, 34 with inactive disease) and 80 healthy controls. Moreover, isolated neutrophils were incubated for 1 h with an oxidating agent [2,2′‐azobis (2‐amidinopropane) dihydrochloride; 250 nM] and the ability of pure colchicine pretreatment (100 ng/ml) to counteract oxidation‐induced damage was assessed. Patients with active non‐vascular BS showed remarkably increased NET levels [21.2, interquartile range (IQR) = 18.3–25.9 mU/ml] compared to patients with inactive disease (16.8, IQR = 13.3–20.2 mU/ml) and to controls (7.1, IQR = 5.1–8.7 mU/ml, p, Neutrophil‐mediated mechanisms of damage might be directly involved in non‐vascular Behçet's syndrome. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), more than an impaired redox status, might play a central role in the pathogenesis of mucosal, articular and intestinal BS manifestations. Colchicine might be effective to counteract neutrophils‐mediated damage in Behçet's syndrome, via the inhibition of NETs release.
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- 2021
8. Erythrocyte oxidative stress and thrombosis
- Author
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Alessandra Bettiol, Silvia Galora, Flavia Rita Argento, Eleonora Fini, Giacomo Emmi, Irene Mattioli, Giacomo Bagni, Claudia Fiorillo, and Matteo Becatti
- Subjects
Hemoglobins ,Oxidative Stress ,Erythrocytes ,Thrombin ,Endothelial Cells ,Humans ,NADPH Oxidases ,Molecular Medicine ,Thrombosis ,Phosphatidylserines ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,Molecular Biology ,Aged - Abstract
Thrombosis is a common disorder with a relevant burden of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly among elderly patients. Growing evidence demonstrated a direct role of oxidative stress in thrombosis, with various cell types contributing to this process. Among them, erythrocytes produce high quantities of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) by NADPH oxidase activation and haemoglobin autoxidation. Concomitantly, extracellular ROS released by other cells in the blood flow can be uptaken and accumulate within erythrocytes. This oxidative milieu can alter erythrocyte membrane structure, leading to an impaired erythrocyte function, and promoting erythrocytes lysis, binding to endothelial cells, activation of platelet and of coagulation factors, phosphatidylserine exposure and release of microvesicles. Moreover, these abnormal erythrocytes are able to adhere to the vessel wall, contributing to thrombin generation within the thrombus. This process results in accelerated haemolysis and in a hypercoagulable state, in which structurally impaired erythrocytes contribute to increase thrombus size, to reduce its permeability and susceptibility to lysis. However, the wide plethora of mechanisms by which oxidised erythrocytes contribute to thrombosis is not completely elucidated. This review discusses the main biochemical aspects linking erythrocytes, oxidative stress and thrombosis, addressing their potential implication for clinical and therapeutic management.
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- 2022
9. Neutrophil-mediated mechanisms in non-vascular Behçet’s syndrome
- Author
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Alessandra Bettiol, MATTEO BECATTI, Elena Slvestri, Flavia Rita Argento, Eleonora Fini, Amanda Mannucci, Silvia Galora, Irene Mattioli, Maria Letizia Urban, Danilo Malandrino, Adalgisa Palermo, Niccolò Taddei, Giacomo Emmi, Domenico Prisco, and Claudia Fiorillo
- Abstract
Objective: Behçet’s syndrome (BS) is a systemic vasculitis with several clinical manifestations. Neutrophils hyperactivation mediates vascular BS involvement, via a massive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). We investigated neutrophil-mediated mechanisms of damage in non-vascular BS manifestations and explored in vitro the effects of colchicine in counteracting these mechanisms. Methods: NETs and intracellular ROS production was assessed in blood samples from 80 BS patients (46 with active non-vascular BS, 34 with inactive disease) and 80 healthy controls. Moreover, isolated neutrophils were incubated for 1 hour with an oxidating agent (2,2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride; 250nM), and the ability of pure colchicine pre-treatment (100ng/ml) to counteract oxidation-induced damage was assessed. Results: Patients with active non-vascular BS had remarkably increased NET levels [21.2 (IQR 18.3-25.9) mU/ml] compared to patients with inactive disease [16.8 (13.3-20.2) mU/ml] and to controls [7.1 (5.1-8.7) mU/ml], p
- Published
- 2021
10. An Insight into Giant Cell Arteritis Pathogenesis: Evidence for Oxidative Stress and SIRT1 Downregulation
- Author
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Claudia Fiorillo, Shahriar Tarighi, Eleonora Fini, Giacomo Emmi, Alessandra Bettiol, Matteo Becatti, Thomas Braun, Poonam Kumari, Domenico Prisco, Alessandro Ianni, and Flavia Rita Argento
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,SIRT6 ,Physiology ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Inflammation ,RM1-950 ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Biochemistry ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,Pathogenesis ,Lipid peroxidation ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,SIRT1 ,Medicine ,oxidative stress ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,Molecular Biology ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Reactive oxygen species ,business.industry ,Brief Report ,Cell Biology ,medicine.disease ,Giant cell arteritis ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Immunology ,giant cell arteritis (GCA) ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
Giant cell arteritis (GCA), medium and large vessel granulomatous vasculitis affecting the elderly, is characterized by a multitude of vascular complications, including venous thrombosis, myocardial infraction and stroke. The formation of granulomatous infiltrates and the enhanced accumulation of proinflammatory cytokines are typical features of this condition. The GCA pathogenesis remains largely unknown, but recent studies have suggested the involvement of oxidative stress, mainly sustained by an enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by immature neutrophils. On this basis, in the present study, we intended to evaluate, in GCA patients, the presence of systemic oxidative stress and possible alterations in the expression level of nuclear sirtuins, enzymes involved in the inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress. Thirty GCA patients were included in the study and compared to 30 healthy controls in terms of leukocyte ROS production, oxidative stress and SIRT1 expression. Our results clearly indicated a significant increase (p < 0.05) both in the ROS levels in the leukocyte fractions and plasma oxidative stress markers (lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant capacity) in the GCA patients compared to the healthy controls. In PBMCs from the GCA patients, a significant decrease in SIRT1 expression (p < 0.05) but not in SIRT6 and SIRT7 expression was found. Taken together, our preliminary findings indicate that, in GCA patients, plasma oxidative stress is paralleled by a reduced SIRT1 expression in PBMC. Further studies are needed to highlight if and how these alterations contribute to GCA pathogenesis.
- Published
- 2021
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