214 results on '"Eleni Linos"'
Search Results
2. Human-AI interaction in skin cancer diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Isabelle Krakowski, Jiyeong Kim, Zhuo Ran Cai, Roxana Daneshjou, Jan Lapins, Hanna Eriksson, Anastasia Lykou, and Eleni Linos
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Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 - Abstract
Abstract The development of diagnostic tools for skin cancer based on artificial intelligence (AI) is increasing rapidly and will likely soon be widely implemented in clinical use. Even though the performance of these algorithms is promising in theory, there is limited evidence on the impact of AI assistance on human diagnostic decisions. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to study the effect of AI assistance on the accuracy of skin cancer diagnosis. We searched PubMed, Embase, IEE Xplore, Scopus and conference proceedings for articles from 1/1/2017 to 11/8/2022. We included studies comparing the performance of clinicians diagnosing at least one skin cancer with and without deep learning-based AI assistance. Summary estimates of sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic accuracy with versus without AI assistance were computed using a bivariate random effects model. We identified 2983 studies, of which ten were eligible for meta-analysis. For clinicians without AI assistance, pooled sensitivity was 74.8% (95% CI 68.6–80.1) and specificity was 81.5% (95% CI 73.9–87.3). For AI-assisted clinicians, the overall sensitivity was 81.1% (95% CI 74.4–86.5) and specificity was 86.1% (95% CI 79.2–90.9). AI benefitted medical professionals of all experience levels in subgroup analyses, with the largest improvement among non-dermatologists. No publication bias was detected, and sensitivity analysis revealed that the findings were robust. AI in the hands of clinicians has the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy in skin cancer diagnosis. Given that most studies were conducted in experimental settings, we encourage future studies to further investigate these potential benefits in real-life settings.
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- 2024
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3. Telehealth Utilization and Associations in the United States During the Third Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Population-Based Survey Study in 2022
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Jiyeong Kim, Zhuo Ran Cai, Michael L Chen, Sonia Onyeka, Justin M Ko, and Eleni Linos
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Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic rapidly changed the landscape of clinical practice in the United States; telehealth became an essential mode of health care delivery, yet many components of telehealth use remain unknown years after the disease’s emergence. ObjectiveWe aim to comprehensively assess telehealth use and its associated factors in the United States. MethodsThis cross-sectional study used a nationally representative survey (Health Information National Trends Survey) administered to US adults (≥18 years) from March 2022 through November 2022. To assess telehealth adoption, perceptions of telehealth, satisfaction with telehealth, and the telehealth care purpose, we conducted weighted descriptive analyses. To identify the subpopulations with low adoption of telehealth, we developed a weighted multivariable logistic regression model. ResultsAmong a total of 6252 survey participants, 39.3% (2517/6252) reported telehealth use in the past 12 months (video: 1110/6252, 17.8%; audio: 876/6252, 11.6%). The most prominent reason for not using telehealth was due to telehealth providers failing to offer this option (2200/3529, 63%). The most common reason for respondents not using offered telehealth services was a preference for in-person care (527/578, 84.4%). Primary motivations to use telehealth were providers’ recommendations (1716/2517, 72.7%) and convenience (1516/2517, 65.6%), mainly for acute minor illness (600/2397, 29.7%) and chronic condition management (583/2397, 21.4%), yet care purposes differed by age, race/ethnicity, and income. The satisfaction rate was predominately high, with no technical problems (1829/2517, 80.5%), comparable care quality to that of in-person care (1779/2517, 75%), and no privacy concerns (1958/2517, 83.7%). Younger individuals (odd ratios [ORs] 1.48-2.23; 18-64 years vs ≥75 years), women (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.09-1.61), Hispanic individuals (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.05-1.80; vs non-Hispanic White), those with more education (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.03-2.87; at least a college graduate vs less than high school), unemployed individuals (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.02-1.54), insured individuals (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.25-2.69), or those with poor general health status (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.30-2.13) had higher odds of using telehealth. ConclusionsTo our best knowledge, this is among the first studies to examine patient factors around telehealth use, including motivations to use, perceptions of, satisfaction with, and care purpose of telehealth, as well as sociodemographic factors associated with telehealth adoption using a nationally representative survey. The wide array of descriptive findings and identified associations will help providers and health systems understand the factors that drive patients toward or away from telehealth visits as the technology becomes more routinely available across the United States, providing future directions for telehealth use and telehealth research.
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- 2024
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4. Association between yearlong air pollution and moderate-severe atopic dermatitis: A United States cross-sectional claims analysis
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Pavin Trinh, BS, Johan A.C. Allerup, MD, Shufeng Li, MS, Justin Ko, MD, MBA, Jennifer Chen, MD, Eleni Linos, MD, MPH, DrPH, and Albert S. Chiou, MD, MBA
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air pollution ,atopic dermatitis ,epidemiology ,moderate-severe atopic dermatitis ,PM2.5 ,population health ,Dermatology ,RL1-803 - Published
- 2023
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5. Impact of COVID-19, cancer survivorship and patient-provider communication on mental health in the US Difference-In-Difference
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Jiyeong Kim, Eleni Linos, Melanie S. Dove, Jeffrey S. Hoch, and Theresa H. Keegan
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Therapeutics. Psychotherapy ,RC475-489 - Abstract
Abstract Poor mental health has been found to be more prevalent among those with cancer and is considered a public health crisis since COVID-19. This study assessed the impact of COVID-19 and cancer survivorship on mental health and investigated factors, including online patient-provider communications (OPPC; email/internet/tablet/smartphone), associated with poor mental health prior to and during the early COVID-19. Nationally representative Health Information National Trends Survey data during 2017–2020 (n = 15,871) was used. While the prevalence of poor mental health was high (40–42%), Difference-In-Difference analyses revealed that cancer survivorship and COVID-19 were not associated with poor mental health. However, individuals that used OPPC had 40% higher odds of poor mental health. Low socioeconomic status (low education/income), younger age (18–64 years), and female birth gender were also associated with poor mental health. Findings highlight the persistence of long-standing mental health inequities and identify that OPPC users might be those who need mental health support.
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- 2023
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6. A Comparison of ChatGPT and Fine-Tuned Open Pre-Trained Transformers (OPT) Against Widely Used Sentiment Analysis Tools: Sentiment Analysis of COVID-19 Survey Data
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Juan Antonio Lossio-Ventura, Rachel Weger, Angela Y Lee, Emily P Guinee, Joyce Chung, Lauren Atlas, Eleni Linos, and Francisco Pereira
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Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
BackgroundHealth care providers and health-related researchers face significant challenges when applying sentiment analysis tools to health-related free-text survey data. Most state-of-the-art applications were developed in domains such as social media, and their performance in the health care context remains relatively unknown. Moreover, existing studies indicate that these tools often lack accuracy and produce inconsistent results. ObjectiveThis study aims to address the lack of comparative analysis on sentiment analysis tools applied to health-related free-text survey data in the context of COVID-19. The objective was to automatically predict sentence sentiment for 2 independent COVID-19 survey data sets from the National Institutes of Health and Stanford University. MethodsGold standard labels were created for a subset of each data set using a panel of human raters. We compared 8 state-of-the-art sentiment analysis tools on both data sets to evaluate variability and disagreement across tools. In addition, few-shot learning was explored by fine-tuning Open Pre-Trained Transformers (OPT; a large language model [LLM] with publicly available weights) using a small annotated subset and zero-shot learning using ChatGPT (an LLM without available weights). ResultsThe comparison of sentiment analysis tools revealed high variability and disagreement across the evaluated tools when applied to health-related survey data. OPT and ChatGPT demonstrated superior performance, outperforming all other sentiment analysis tools. Moreover, ChatGPT outperformed OPT, exhibited higher accuracy by 6% and higher F-measure by 4% to 7%. ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the effectiveness of LLMs, particularly the few-shot learning and zero-shot learning approaches, in the sentiment analysis of health-related survey data. These results have implications for saving human labor and improving efficiency in sentiment analysis tasks, contributing to advancements in the field of automated sentiment analysis.
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- 2024
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7. Development of a digital tool for home‐based monitoring of skin disease for older adults
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Sven vanEgmond, Zhuo R. Cai, Vanessa Nava, Isabella Joy de Vere Hunt, Bailie R. Rapaport, Justin Ko, Albert S. Chiou, Kavita Sarin, Jean Tang, Lucy Zhang, and Eleni Linos
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Dermatology ,RL1-803 - Published
- 2023
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8. A Social Media–Based Public Health Campaign to Reduce Indoor Tanning in High-Risk Populations
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Isabella de Vere Hunt, BM, BCh, Zhuo Ran Cai, MD, Vanessa Nava, BS, Natnaelle E. Admassu, MD, MS, Stephanie Bousheri, BS, Tiffani Johnson, BS, Anna Tomz, Jessica Thompson, BA, Lucy Zhang, BA, Sherry Pagoto, PhD, Mackenzie R. Wehner, MD, MPhil, Maya B. Mathur, PhD, and Eleni Linos, MD, MPH, DrPH
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Public health ,health communication ,cancer prevention ,social media ,skin cancer ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Introduction: Indoor tanning beds cause more than 450,000 new skin cancers each year, yet their use remains common, with a global indoor tanning prevalence of 10.4%. Social media provides an opportunity for cost-effective, targeted public health messaging. We sought to direct Instagram users at high risk of indoor tanning to accurate health information about the risks of indoor tanning and to reduce indoor tanning bed use. Methods: We disseminated a public health campaign on Instagram on April 6–27, 2022 with 34 video and still-image advertisements. We had 2 target audiences at high risk of indoor tanning: women aged 18–30 years in Kentucky, Nebraska, Ohio, or Tennessee interested in indoor tanning and men aged 18–45 years in California interested in indoor tanning. To evaluate the impact of the campaign, we tracked online metrics, including website visits, and conducted an interrupted time-series analysis of foot traffic data in our target states for all tanning salons documented on SafeGraph from January 1, 2018 to 3 months after the campaign. Results: Our indoor tanning health information advertisements appeared on Instagram feeds 9.1 million times, reaching 1.06 million individuals. We received 7,004 views of our indoor tanning health information landing page (Average Time on Page of 56 seconds). We did not identify a significant impact on foot traffic data on tanning salons. Conclusions: We show the successful use of social media advertising to direct high-risk groups to online health information about indoor tanning. Future research quantifying tanning visits before and after indoor tanning interventions is needed to guide future public health efforts.
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- 2023
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9. Factors Associated With Online Patient-Provider Communications Among Cancer Survivors in the United States During COVID-19: Cross-sectional Study
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Jiyeong Kim, Eleni Linos, Debra A Fishman, Melanie S Dove, Jeffrey S Hoch, and Theresa H Keegan
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Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
BackgroundOnline patient-provider communication (OPPC) is crucial in enhancing access to health information, self-care, and related health outcomes among cancer survivors. The necessity of OPPC increased during SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19, yet investigations in vulnerable subgroups have been limited. ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the prevalence of OPPC and sociodemographic and clinical characteristics associated with OPPC among cancer survivors and adults without a history of cancer during COVID-19 versus pre–COVID-19. MethodsNationally representative cross-sectional survey data (Health Information National Trends Survey 5, 2017-2020) were used among cancer survivors (N=1900) and adults without a history of cancer (N=13,292). COVID-19 data included data from February to June 2020. We calculated the prevalence of 3 types of OPPC, defined as using the email/internet, tablet/smartphone, or electronic health record (EHR) for patient-provider communication, in the past 12 months. To investigate the associations of sociodemographic and clinical factors with OPPC, multivariable-adjusted weighted logistic regression was performed to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs. ResultsThe average prevalence of OPPC increased from pre-COVID to COVID among cancer survivors (39.7% vs 49.7%, email/internet; 32.2% vs 37.9%, tablet/smartphone; 19.0% vs 30.0%, EHR). Cancer survivors (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.06-1.63) were slightly more likely to use email/internet communications than adults without a history of cancer prior to COVID-19. Among cancer survivors, the email/internet (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.08-2.40) and EHRs (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.22-3.02) were more likely to be used during COVID-19 than pre–COVID-19. During COVID-19, subgroups of cancer survivors, including Hispanics (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.09-0.71 vs non-Hispanic Whites) or those with the lowest income (US $50,000-
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- 2023
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10. Qualitative exploration of melanoma awareness in black people in the USA
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Eleni Linos, June K Robinson, Susan Swetter, Isabella de Vere Hunt, Sidney Owen, Adaure Amuzie, Vanessa Nava, Anna Tomz, Leandra Barnes, and Jenna Lester
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Medicine - Abstract
Objective Although black patients are more likely to have advanced melanomas at diagnosis, with a 5-year survival rate among black patients of 70% compared with 92% for white patients, black people are generally not the focus of melanoma public health campaigns. We sought to explore awareness and perspectives of melanoma among black people to inform the development of relevant and valued public health messages to promote early detection of melanoma.Design Inductive thematic analysis of in-depth semistructured interviews.Setting Interviews were conducted with participants via video software or telephone in the USA.Participants Participants were adults from the USA who self-identified as African American or black. Recruitment flyers were posted around the San Francisco Bay Area and shared on our team Facebook page, with further participants identified through snowball sampling.Results We interviewed 26 participants from 10 different states. Overall, 12 were men and 14 were women, with a mean age of 43 years (range 18–85). We identified five key themes regarding melanoma awareness in black people: (1) lack of understanding of term ‘melanoma’ and features of skin cancer; (2) do not feel at risk of melanoma skin cancer; (3) surprise that melanoma can occur on palms, soles and nails; (4) skin cancer awareness messages do not apply to or include black people; and (5) Importance of relationship with healthcare and habits of utilisation.Conclusions Analysis of these in-depth semistructured interviews illuminate the pressing need for health information on melanoma designed specifically for black people. We highlight two key points for focused public health messaging: (1) melanoma skin cancer does occur in black people and (2) high-risk sites for melanoma in black people include the palms, soles and nail beds. Therefore, public health messages for black people and their healthcare providers may involve productively checking these body surface areas.
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- 2023
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11. Formally comparing topic models and human-generated qualitative coding of physician mothers’ experiences of workplace discrimination
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Adam S Miner, Sheridan A Stewart, Meghan C Halley, Laura K Nelson, and Eleni Linos
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General Works - Abstract
Differences between computationally generated and human-generated themes in unstructured text are important to understand yet difficult to assess formally. In this study, we bridge these approaches through two contributions. First, we formally compare a primarily computational approach, topic modeling, to a primarily human-driven approach, qualitative thematic coding, in an impactful context: physician mothers’ experience of workplace discrimination. Second, we compare our chosen topic model to a principled alternative topic model to make explicit study design decisions meriting consideration in future research. By formally contrasting computationally generated (i.e. topic modeling) and human-generated (i.e. thematic coding) knowledge, we shed light on issues of interest to several audiences, notably computational social scientists who wish to understand study design tradeoffs, and qualitative researchers who may wish to leverage computational methods to improve the speed and reproducibility of labor-intensive coding. Although useful in other domains, we highlight the value of fast, reproducible methods to better understand experiences of workplace discrimination.
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- 2023
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12. Social Media for Public Health: Framework for Social Media–Based Public Health Campaigns
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Isabella de Vere Hunt and Eleni Linos
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Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
The pervasiveness of social media is irrefutable, with 72% of adults reporting using at least one social media platform and an average daily usage of 2 hours. Social media has been shown to influence health-related behaviors, and it offers a powerful tool through which we can rapidly reach large segments of the population with tailored health messaging. However, despite increasing interest in using social media for dissemination of public health messaging and research exploring the dangers of misinformation on social media, the specifics of how public health practitioners can effectively use social media for health promotion are not well described. In this viewpoint, we propose a novel framework with the following 5 key principles to guide the use of social media for public health campaigns: (1) tailoring messages and targeting them to specific populations—this may include targeting messages to specific populations based on age, sex, or language spoken; interests; or geotargeting messages at state, city, or zip code level; (2) including members of the target population in message development—messages should be designed with and approved by members of the community they are designed to reach, to ensure cultural sensitivity and trust-building; (3) identifying and addressing misinformation—public health practitioners can directly address misinformation through myth-busting messages, in which false claims are highlighted and explained and accurate information reiterated; (4) leveraging information sharing—when designing messages for social media, it is crucial to consider their “shareability,” and consider partnering with social media influencers who are trusted messengers among their online followers; and (5) evaluating impact by measuring real-world outcomes, for example measuring foot traffic data. Leveraging social media to deliver public health campaigns enables us to capitalize on sophisticated for-profit advertising techniques to disseminate tailored messaging directly to communities that need it most, with a precision far beyond the reaches of conventional mass media. We call for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as well as state and local public health agencies to continue to optimize and rigorously evaluate the use of social media for health promotion.
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- 2022
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13. Barriers and facilitators to mobile health and active surveillance use among older adults with skin disease
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Austin Johnson, Neha Shukla, Meghan Halley, Vanessa Nava, Janya Budaraju, Lucy Zhang, and Eleni Linos
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active surveillance ,ageing ,dermatology ,mobile health ,older adults ,telemedicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background The COVID‐19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of telemedicine, including teledermatology. Monitoring skin lesions using teledermatology may become increasingly important for several skin diseases, including low‐risk skin cancers. The purpose of this study was to describe the key factors that could serve as barriers or facilitators to skin disease monitoring using mobile health technology (mHealth) in older adults. Methods Older adult dermatology patients 65 years or older and their caregivers who have seen a dermatologist in the last 18 months were interviewed and surveyed between December 2019 and July 2020. The purpose of these interviews was to better understand attitudes, beliefs and behaviours that could serve as barriers and facilitators to the use of mHealth and active surveillance to monitor low‐risk skin cancers. Results A total of 33 interviews leading to 6022 unique excerpts yielded 8 factors, or themes, that could serve as barriers, facilitators or both to mHealth and active surveillance. We propose an integrated conceptual framework that highlights the interaction of these themes at both the patient and provider level, including care environment, support systems and personal values. Discussion and conclusions These preliminary findings reveal factors influencing patient acceptance of active surveillance in dermatology, such as changes to the patient‐provider interaction and alignment with personal values. These factors were also found to influence adoption of mHealth interventions. Given such overlap, it is essential to address barriers and facilitators from both domains when designing a new dermatology active surveillance approach with novel mHealth technology. Patient or public contribution The patients included in this study were participants during the data collection process. Members of the Stanford Healthcare and Denver Tech Dermatology health‐care teams aided in the recruitment phase of the data collection process.
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- 2021
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14. Development of a patient decision aid for the management of superficial basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in adults with a limited life expectancy
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Alexandra Junn, Neha R Shukla, Lily Morrison, Meghan Halley, Mary-Margaret Chren, Louise C. Walter, Dominick L. Frosch, Dan Matlock, Jeanette S. Torres, and Eleni Linos
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Basal cell carcinoma ,Shared decision making ,Older adults ,Decision aid ,Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 - Abstract
Abstract Background Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a slow-growing, rarely lethal skin cancer that affects people 65 years or older. A range of treatment options exist for BCC, but there is little evidence available to guide patients and providers in selecting the best treatment options. Objectives This study outlines the development of a patient decision aid (PDA) for low-risk BCC that can be used by patients and providers to assist in shared decision-making. Methods In accordance with the International Patient Decision Aids Standards (IPDAS) Collaboration framework, feedback from focus groups and semi-structured interviews with patients and providers, an initial prototype of the PDA was developed. This was tested using cognitive interviews and iteratively updated. Results We created eighteen different iterations using feedback from 24 patients and 34 providers. The key issues identified included: 1) Addressing fear of cancer; 2) Communicating risk and uncertainty; 3) Values clarification; and 4) Time lag to benefit. Limitations The PDA does not include all possible treatment options and is currently paper based. Conclusions Our PDA has been specifically adapted and designed to support patients with a limited life expectancy in making decisions about their low risk BCC together with their doctors.
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- 2020
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15. Identifying Silver Linings During the Pandemic Through Natural Language Processing
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Juan Antonio Lossio-Ventura, Angela Yuson Lee, Jeffrey T. Hancock, Natalia Linos, and Eleni Linos
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silver linings ,protective factors ,COVID-19 ,natural language processing ,topic modeling ,sentiment analysis ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
COVID-19 has presented an unprecedented challenge to human welfare. Indeed, we have witnessed people experiencing a rise of depression, acute stress disorder, and worsening levels of subclinical psychological distress. Finding ways to support individuals' mental health has been particularly difficult during this pandemic. An opportunity for intervention to protect individuals' health & well-being is to identify the existing sources of consolation and hope that have helped people persevere through the early days of the pandemic. In this paper, we identified positive aspects, or “silver linings,” that people experienced during the COVID-19 crisis using computational natural language processing methods and qualitative thematic content analysis. These silver linings revealed sources of strength that included finding a sense of community, closeness, gratitude, and a belief that the pandemic may spur positive social change. People's abilities to engage in benefit-finding and leverage protective factors can be bolstered and reinforced by public health policy to improve society's resilience to the distress of this pandemic and potential future health crises.
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- 2021
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16. Quality and engagement of online hidradenitis suppurativa information
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Neha R. Shukla, MD, Justin L. Jia, BS, Maia Paul, MPH, Aydin Kaghazchi, BS, Eleni Linos, MD, DrPH, and Haley B. Naik, MD, MHSc
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Dermatology ,RL1-803 - Published
- 2021
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17. The Impact of the first COVID-19 shelter-in-place announcement on social distancing, difficulty in daily activities, and levels of concern in the San Francisco Bay Area: A cross-sectional social media survey.
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Holly Elser, Mathew V Kiang, Esther M John, Julia F Simard, Melissa Bondy, Lorene M Nelson, Wei-Ting Chen, and Eleni Linos
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
BackgroundThe U.S. has experienced an unprecedented number of orders to shelter in place throughout the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to ascertain whether social distancing; difficulty with daily activities; and levels of concern regarding COVID-19 changed after the March 16, 2020 announcement of the nation's first shelter-in-place orders (SIPO) among individuals living in the seven affected counties in the San Francisco Bay Area.MethodsWe conducted an online, cross-sectional social media survey from March 14 -April 1, 2020. We measured changes in social distancing behavior; experienced difficulties with daily activities (i.e., access to healthcare, childcare, obtaining essential food and medications); and level of concern regarding COVID-19 after the March 16 shelter-in-place announcement in the San Francisco Bay Area versus elsewhere in the U.S.ResultsIn this non-representative sample, the percentage of respondents social distancing all of the time increased following the shelter-in-place announcement in the Bay Area (9.2%, 95% CI: 6.6, 11.9) and elsewhere in the U.S. (3.4%, 95% CI: 2.0, 5.0). Respondents also reported increased difficulty obtaining hand sanitizer, medications, and in particular respondents reported increased difficulty obtaining food in the Bay Area (13.3%, 95% CI: 10.4, 16.3) and elsewhere (8.2%, 95% CI: 6.6, 9.7). We found limited evidence that level of concern regarding the COVID-19 crisis changed following the announcement.ConclusionThis study characterizes early changes in attitudes, behaviors, and difficulties. As states and localities implement, rollback, and reinstate shelter-in-place orders, ongoing efforts to more fully examine the social, economic, and health impacts of COVID-19, especially among vulnerable populations, are urgently needed.
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- 2021
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18. Social media recruitment for mental health research: A systematic review
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Catherine Sanchez, Adrienne Grzenda, Andrea Varias, Alik S. Widge, Linda L. Carpenter, William M. McDonald, Charles B. Nemeroff, Ned H. Kalin, Glenn Martin, Mauricio Tohen, Maria Filippou-Frye, Drew Ramsey, Eleni Linos, Christina Mangurian, and Carolyn I. Rodriguez
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Social media ,Research ,Recruitment ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Background: Social media holds exciting promise for advancing mental health research recruitment, however, the extent and efficacy to which these platforms are currently in use are underexplored. Objective: A systematic review was conducted to characterize the current use and efficacy of social media in recruiting participants for mental health research. Method: A literature review was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsychINFO. Only non-duplicative manuscripts written in the English language and published between 1/1/2004–3/31/2019 were selected for further screening. Data extracted included study type and design, participant inclusion criteria, social media platform, advertising strategy, final recruited sample size, recruitment location, year, monetary incentives, comparison to other recruitment methods if performed, and final cost per participant. Results: A total of 176 unique studies that used social media for mental health research recruitment were reviewed. The majority of studies were cross-sectional (62.5%) in design and recruited adults. Facebook was overwhelmingly the recruitment platform of choice (92.6%), with the use of paid advertisements being the predominant strategy (60.8%). Of the reviewed studies, substance abuse (43.8%) and mood disorders (15.3%) were the primary subjects of investigation. In 68.3% of studies, social media recruitment performed as well as or better than traditional recruitment methods in the number and cost of final enrolled participants. The majority of studies used Facebook for recruitment at a median cost per final recruited study participant of $19.47. In 55.6% of the studies, social media recruitment was the more cost-effective recruitment method when compared to traditional methods (e.g., referrals, mailing). Conclusion: Social media appears to be an effective and economical recruitment tool for mental health research. The platform raises methodological and privacy concerns not covered in current research regulations that warrant additional consideration.
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- 2020
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19. Comparing the Quality of Ambulatory Surgical Care for Skin Cancer in a Veterans Affairs Clinic and a Fee-For-Service Practice Using Clinical and Patient-Reported Measures.
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Matthew P Dizon, Eleni Linos, Sarah T Arron, Nancy K Hills, and Mary-Margaret Chren
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
The Institute of Medicine has identified serious deficiencies in the measurement of cancer care quality, including the effects on quality of life and patient experience. Moreover, comparisons of quality in Veterans Affairs Medical Centers (VA) and other sites are timely now that many Veterans can choose where to seek care. To compare quality of ambulatory surgical care for keratinocyte carcinoma (KC) between a VA and fee-for-service (FFS) practice, we used unique clinical and patient-reported data from a comparative effectiveness study. Patients were enrolled in 1999-2000 and followed for a median of 7.2 years. The practices differed in a few process measures (e.g., median time between biopsy and treatment was 7.5 days longer at VA) but there were no substantial or consistent differences in clinical outcomes or a broad range of patient-reported outcomes. For example, 5-year tumor recurrence rates were equally low (3.6% [2.3-5.5] at VA and 3.4% [2.3-5.1] at FFS), and similar proportions of patients reported overall satisfaction at one year (78% at VA and 80% at FFS, P = 0.69). These results suggest that the quality of care for KC can be compared comprehensively in different health care systems, and suggest that quality of care for KC was similar at a VA and FFS setting.
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- 2017
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20. DYVIC: DYnamic VIrus Control in Peru.
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Juan Antonio Lossio-Ventura, Hugo Alatrista-Salas, Kevin Barrena, Eleni Linos, Miguel Núñez-del-Prado, and Alvaro Talavera
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- 2020
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21. Gender Differences in National Institutes of Health Grant Submissions Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
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Danielle Roubinov, Lauren M. Haack, Johanna B. Folk, Lisa Rotenstein, Erin C. Accurso, Priya Dahiya, Andrea N. Ponce, Vanessa Nava, Yvonne Maldonado, Eleni Linos, and Christina Mangurian
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Male ,Sex Factors ,National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ,Financing, Organized ,COVID-19 ,Humans ,Female ,General Medicine ,Pandemics ,United States - Published
- 2023
22. Fertility Benefits at Top U.S. Medical Schools
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Kim Hoang, Neal Evans, Lusine Aghajanova, Hina Talib, Eleni Linos, and Jessica M Gold
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Fertility ,Insurance, Health ,Reproductive Techniques, Assisted ,Infertility ,Humans ,Female ,General Medicine ,Schools, Medical ,United States - Published
- 2022
23. ISID0519 - Longitudinal remote monitoring of hidradenitis suppurativa
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Eleni Linos, Tiffani Johnson, Vanessa Nava, Edward Eid, Haley Naik, Zhuo Ran Cai, Leandra Barnes, and Fonette Fonjungo
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- 2023
24. ISID0430 - Merkel cell carcinoma and multiple primary cancers: A SEER-based analysis
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Eleni Linos, Esther M. John, Nour Kibbi, Lisa C. Zaba, Zhuo Ran Cai, Nolan Maloney, and Edward Eid
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- 2023
25. Association of Body Lice Infestation With Hemoglobin Values in Hospitalized Dermatology Patients
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Nora Rudd, Adam Zakaria, Michael A. Kohn, Erin H. Amerson, Lindy P. Fox, Eleni Linos, and Aileen Y. Chang
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Hemoglobins ,Pediculus ,Research Letter ,Animals ,Humans ,Dermatology ,Lice Infestations - Abstract
This retrospective study examines the association of lice infestation with iron-deficiency anemia and risk factors such as homelessness and physical disability.
- Published
- 2023
26. Insufficient Evidence for Screening Reinforces Need for Primary Prevention of Skin Cancer
- Author
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Isabella de Vere Hunt, Jenna Lester, and Eleni Linos
- Subjects
Internal Medicine - Published
- 2023
27. Sebaceous carcinoma epidemiology, associated malignancies and Lynch/Muir-Torre syndrome screening in England from 2008 to 2018
- Author
-
Sam Cook, Joanna Pethick, Nour Kibbi, Loes Hollestein, Katrina Lavelle, Isabella de Vere Hunt, Clare Turnbull, Brian Rous, Akhtar Husain, John Burn, Margreet Lüchtenborg, Francesco Santaniello, Fiona McRonald, Steven Hardy, Eleni Linos, Zoe Venables, Neil Rajan, and Dermatology
- Subjects
SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Dermatology - Abstract
Background: Sebaceous carcinomas (SC) may be associated with the cancer predisposition syndrome Muir-Torre/Lynch syndrome (MTS/LS), identifiable by SC mismatch repair (MMR) screening; however, there is limited data on MMR status of SC. Objective: To describe the epidemiology of SC, copresentation of other cancers, and population level frequency of MMR screening in SC. Methods: A population-based retrospective cohort study of SC patients in the National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service in England. Results: This study included 1077 SC cases (739 extraocular, 338 periocular). Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) were higher in men compared with women, 2.74 (95% CI, 2.52-9.69) per 1,000,000 person-years for men versus 1.47 person-years (95% CI, 1.4-1.62) for women. Of the patients, 19% (210/1077) developed at least one MTS/LS-associated malignancy. MMR immunohistochemical screening was performed in only 20% (220/1077) of SC tumors; of these, 32% (70/219) of tumors were MMR deficient. Limitations: Retrospective design. Conclusions: Incorporation of MMR screening into clinical practice guidelines for the management of SC will increase the opportunity for MTS/LS diagnoses, with implications for cancer surveillance, chemoprevention with aspirin, and immunotherapy treatment targeted to MTS/LS cancers.
- Published
- 2023
28. Patients’ attitudes towards active surveillance for basal cell carcinoma
- Author
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Joohee Han, Sydney O’Neal, Amy Gravely, Rachit Gupta, Eleni Linos, and Noah Goldfarb
- Subjects
Skin Neoplasms ,Attitude ,Carcinoma, Basal Cell ,Humans ,Dermatology ,Watchful Waiting - Published
- 2022
29. Factors Associated With Online Patient-Provider Communications Among Cancer Survivors in the United States During COVID-19: Cross-sectional Study (Preprint)
- Author
-
Jiyeong Kim, Eleni Linos, Debra A Fishman, Melanie S Dove, Jeffrey S Hoch, and Theresa H Keegan
- Abstract
BACKGROUND Online patient-provider communication (OPPC) is crucial in enhancing access to health information, self-care, and related health outcomes among cancer survivors. The necessity of OPPC increased during SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19, yet investigations in vulnerable subgroups have been limited. OBJECTIVE This study aims to assess the prevalence of OPPC and sociodemographic and clinical characteristics associated with OPPC among cancer survivors and adults without a history of cancer during COVID-19 versus pre–COVID-19. METHODS Nationally representative cross-sectional survey data (Health Information National Trends Survey 5, 2017-2020) were used among cancer survivors (N=1900) and adults without a history of cancer (N=13,292). COVID-19 data included data from February to June 2020. We calculated the prevalence of 3 types of OPPC, defined as using the email/internet, tablet/smartphone, or electronic health record (EHR) for patient-provider communication, in the past 12 months. To investigate the associations of sociodemographic and clinical factors with OPPC, multivariable-adjusted weighted logistic regression was performed to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs. RESULTS The average prevalence of OPPC increased from pre-COVID to COVID among cancer survivors (39.7% vs 49.7%, email/internet; 32.2% vs 37.9%, tablet/smartphone; 19.0% vs 30.0%, EHR). Cancer survivors (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.06-1.63) were slightly more likely to use email/internet communications than adults without a history of cancer prior to COVID-19. Among cancer survivors, the email/internet (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.08-2.40) and EHRs (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.22-3.02) were more likely to be used during COVID-19 than pre–COVID-19. During COVID-19, subgroups of cancer survivors, including Hispanics (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.09-0.71 vs non-Hispanic Whites) or those with the lowest income (US $50,000- CONCLUSIONS Our findings identified vulnerable subgroups of cancer survivors who were left behind in OPPC, which is increasingly becoming part of health care. These vulnerable subgroups of cancer survivors with lower OPPC should be helped through multidimensional interventions to prevent further inequities. CLINICALTRIAL Not applicable
- Published
- 2022
30. Shingles and pneumonia and risk of cutaneous basal and squamous cell carcinoma
- Author
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Aaron M. Drucker, Wen-Qing Li, Tricia Li, Richard W. Besdine, Eleni Linos, Abrar A. Qureshi, and Eunyoung Cho
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Skin Neoplasms ,MEDLINE ,Dermatology ,Herpes Zoster ,Risk Assessment ,Article ,Cohort Studies ,03 medical and health sciences ,Basal (phylogenetics) ,medicine ,Humans ,Basal cell ,Aged ,business.industry ,Pneumonia ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,030104 developmental biology ,Carcinoma, Basal Cell ,Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ,Female ,business ,Shingles - Published
- 2021
31. Social media for public health: a framework for social media-based public health campaigns (Preprint)
- Author
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Isabella Joy de Vere Hunt and Eleni Linos
- Abstract
UNSTRUCTURED The pervasiveness of social media is irrefutable, with 72% of adults reporting using at least one social media platform. Yet, the specifics of how public health practitioners can effectively utilize social media for health promotion are not described. We propose a novel framework with five key principles to guide the use of social media for public health campaigns: 1.) tailor messages to specific populations; 2.) include members of target population in message development; 3.) identify and address misinformation; 4.) leverage information sharing; 5.) evaluate impact by measuring real-world outcomes. Leveraging social media to deliver public health campaigns enables us to capitalize on sophisticated for-profit advertising techniques to disseminate tailored messaging directly to communities that need it most, with a precision far beyond the reaches of conventional mass media.
- Published
- 2022
32. Patient Perspectives of Health System Barriers to Accessing Care for Hidradenitis Suppurativa
- Author
-
Leandra A. Barnes, Neha Shukla, Maia Paul, Isabella de Vere Hunt, Meghan C. Halley, Eleni Linos, and Haley B. Naik
- Subjects
Dermatology - Abstract
ImportancePatient-perceived barriers to hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) care are poorly understood. Understanding health care barriers is a critical first step toward improving care for this population.ObjectiveTo characterize the health care experiences of people living with HS, including perceived barriers and facilitators to health care access, and to elucidate potential associations among these barriers and facilitators, health care access, and disease activity.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this qualitative study, an inductive thematic analysis was conducted on 45 in-depth, 60- to 90-minute semistructured interviews of 45 people with HS from diverse sociodemographic backgrounds that took place between March and April 2020. Individuals were eligible if they could speak English, were 18 years or older, and were diagnosed with HS. A diagnosis of HS was confirmed through physician diagnosis or through self-reported, affirmative response to the validated screening question, “Do you experience boils in your armpits or groin that recur at least every six months?”Main Outcomes and MeasuresInterviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. A modified grounded theory approach was used to develop the codebook, which investigators used for inductive thematic analysis.ResultsAmong the 45 participants included, the median (IQR) age was 37 (16) years, 33 (73%) were female, and 22 (49%) were White. There were 6 interrelated themes associated with participant-perceived barriers to accessing HS care: (1) bidirectional associations of disease activity and employment, (2) association of employment with health care coverage, (3) association of health care coverage with costs and perceived access to care, (4) association of costs with access to patient-centered care, (5) health care professional attitudes and knowledge influence patient-centered care and perceived access to care and disease activity, and (6) health system characteristics influence patient-centered care and associated costs, perceived access to care, and disease activity.Conclusions and RelevanceThis qualitative study highlights themes that generate a conceptual model for understanding barriers that may act synergistically to limit health care access and influence disease activity. The disease activity of HS may be reduced when cycle elements are optimized. This study also highlights areas for future investigations and potential systems-level changes to improve access to patient-centered HS care.
- Published
- 2023
33. Utilization of Indoor Tanning: A Cross-Sectional Study Using Mobile Device Data
- Author
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Mackenzie R. Wehner, Yao Li, Ashna A. Sethi, Candice L. Hinkston, Nasim Khalfe, Carly F. Stender, Malgorzata K. Nowakowska, Olivia G. Cohen, Sharon H. Giordano, and Eleni Linos
- Subjects
Cell Biology ,Dermatology ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Published
- 2023
34. Telehealth for older adults with skin disease: a qualitative exploration of dermatologists’ experiences and recommendations for improving care
- Author
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I. de Vere Hunt, V. Nava, A.S. Chiou, Eleni Linos, S. van Egmond, Jenna C. Lester, and R. Khodosh
- Subjects
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,business.industry ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,education ,Dermatology ,Telehealth ,Disease ,Quality Improvement ,Skin Diseases ,Telemedicine ,Technological literacy ,Nursing ,Health care ,Pandemic ,Humans ,Medicine ,business ,health care economics and organizations ,Aged ,Dermatologists - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the use of telehealth, defined as the delivery of health care via remote technologies1 , with widespread adoption of live-interactive video visits across the US.2 3 4 Yet, it is important to avoid exacerbating healthcare disparities for vulnerable populations such as older adults, who traditionally have more technological literacy barriers.5 6 Our aim was to explore dermatologists' experiences of using telehealth with older adults, in order to identify and summarise recommendations to improve telehealth care.
- Published
- 2022
35. Impact of Sexual Harassment and Social Support on Burnout in Physician Mothers
- Author
-
Elizabeth Linos, Jessica Lasky-Fink, Meghan Halley, Urmimala Sarkar, Christina Mangurian, Hala Sabry, Eleni Linos, and Reshma Jagsi
- Subjects
burnout ,Social Support ,Original Articles ,General Medicine ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Sexual Harassment ,7.1 Individual care needs ,Clinical Research ,Physicians ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Professional ,Behavioral and Social Science ,Humans ,Female ,women physicians ,Management of diseases and conditions ,Public Health ,Workplace ,Burnout, Professional ,Mind and Body - Abstract
Background: Burnout affects >50% of physicians, especially women. This study aimed to examine how negative workplace interactions can predict burnout, and whether positive social interactions can mitigate risk. Materials and Methods: In a study of 1627 physician mothers who responded to a survey by the Physician Moms Group, an online Facebook group, we first examined the association between workplace sexual harassment and burnout. In an embedded experiment, we then measured the causal impact of priming perceived social support and connectedness on the three dimensions of employee burnout. Results: Two-thirds of respondents reported having experienced sexual harassment in the past year. Sexual harassment by patients was associated with 0.27 points higher emotional exhaustion, one dimension of burnout (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.12-0.41), equivalent to the predicted impact of an additional 22 weekly work hours on emotional exhaustion. Sexual harassment by patients was also associated with 0.40 points higher patient depersonalization, another dimension of burnout (95% CI 0.27-0.53). Sexual harassment by colleagues was associated with 0.16 points higher emotional exhaustion (95% CI 0.02-0.30), but not other dimensions of burnout. We found no significant relationship between experiences of sexual harassment and levels of personal accomplishment (the third dimension of burnout) among this sample. Priming physician mothers to reflect on their connectedness with other physician mothers significantly increased their sense of personal accomplishment. The priming intervention did not yield a significant effect on emotional exhaustion or depersonalization. Conclusions: Negative and positive social interactions each affect different dimensions of burnout. Sexual harassment-a pervasive type of negative social interaction-strongly predicts emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Reflecting on social connectedness-a type of positive social interaction-can improve one's sense of personal accomplishment with an effect similar in magnitude to more intensive in-person interventions, suggesting that social connectedness through online groups merits further consideration as a tool to mitigate burnout.
- Published
- 2022
36. US academic dermatologists' attitudes towards active surveillance for basal cell carcinoma
- Author
-
Joohee Han, Sydney O’Neal, Amy Gravely, Eleni Linos, and Noah Goldfarb
- Subjects
Skin Neoplasms ,Attitude ,Carcinoma, Basal Cell ,Humans ,Dermatology ,Watchful Waiting ,Dermatologists - Published
- 2022
37. The perspectives of 606 US dermatologists on active surveillance for low-risk basal cell carcinoma
- Author
-
Sven van Egmond, Isabella de Vere Hunt, Zhuo Ran Cai, Nada Rizk, Marlies Wakkee, Mary-Margaret Chren, Noah Goldfarb, Julia F Simard, Eleni Linos, and Dermatology
- Subjects
Dermatology - Abstract
In this survey study of over 600 US dermatologists, identical clinical scenarios (10mm primary asymptomatic BCC) were presented except for randomly varied patient characteristics including age, life expectancy, and tumor location. Most dermatologists (62%) recommended active surveillance for patients with advanced age (91 years) and a 1-year life expectancy. The odds ratio for choosing active surveillance was 20.31 (95% CI 14.10-35.30) comparing a patient with a 1-year life expectancy to a healthy patient.
- Published
- 2022
38. A cross-sectional analysis of the environmental and cost-saving benefits of digital dermatologic care
- Author
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Jason Gomez, Nada Rizk, Eleni Linos, Justin M. Ko, and Elizabeth E. Bailey
- Subjects
Cross-Sectional Studies ,Cost-Benefit Analysis ,Humans ,Dermatology - Published
- 2022
39. Dermatology has no walls: a perspective on international exchange
- Author
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Katerina Linos, Eleni Linos, A.S. Murthy, and Mary-Margaret Chren
- Subjects
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,business.industry ,International Cooperation ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Perspective (graphical) ,Humans ,Medicine ,Engineering ethics ,Dermatology ,International exchange ,business - Published
- 2021
40. Development of a patient decision aid for the management of superficial basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in adults with a limited life expectancy
- Author
-
L. Morrison, Louise C. Walter, Meghan C. Halley, N. Shukla, Jeanette S. Torres, A. Junn, Mary-Margaret Chren, Daniel D. Matlock, Dominick L. Frosch, and Eleni Linos
- Subjects
Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Skin Neoplasms ,Patients ,Clinical Decision-Making ,Health Informatics ,lcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,Health informatics ,Decision Support Techniques ,Superficial basal cell carcinoma ,Interviews as Topic ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Life Expectancy ,medicine ,Decision aids ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Shared decision making ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Health Policy ,Cognition ,Focus Groups ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Focus group ,Computer Science Applications ,Values clarification ,Decision aid ,Carcinoma, Basal Cell ,Family medicine ,Older adults ,Basal cell carcinoma ,Life expectancy ,lcsh:R858-859.7 ,Skin cancer ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a slow-growing, rarely lethal skin cancer that affects people 65 years or older. A range of treatment options exist for BCC, but there is little evidence available to guide patients and providers in selecting the best treatment options. Objectives This study outlines the development of a patient decision aid (PDA) for low-risk BCC that can be used by patients and providers to assist in shared decision-making. Methods In accordance with the International Patient Decision Aids Standards (IPDAS) Collaboration framework, feedback from focus groups and semi-structured interviews with patients and providers, an initial prototype of the PDA was developed. This was tested using cognitive interviews and iteratively updated. Results We created eighteen different iterations using feedback from 24 patients and 34 providers. The key issues identified included: 1) Addressing fear of cancer; 2) Communicating risk and uncertainty; 3) Values clarification; and 4) Time lag to benefit. Limitations The PDA does not include all possible treatment options and is currently paper based. Conclusions Our PDA has been specifically adapted and designed to support patients with a limited life expectancy in making decisions about their low risk BCC together with their doctors.
- Published
- 2020
41. Qualitative exploration of melanoma awareness in black people in the USA
- Author
-
Isabella de Vere Hunt, Sidney Owen, Adaure Amuzie, Vanessa Nava, Anna Tomz, Leandra Barnes, June K Robinson, Jenna Lester, Susan Swetter, and Eleni Linos
- Subjects
General Medicine - Abstract
ObjectiveAlthough black patients are more likely to have advanced melanomas at diagnosis, with a 5-year survival rate among black patients of 70% compared with 92% for white patients, black people are generally not the focus of melanoma public health campaigns. We sought to explore awareness and perspectives of melanoma among black people to inform the development of relevant and valued public health messages to promote early detection of melanoma.DesignInductive thematic analysis of in-depth semistructured interviews.SettingInterviews were conducted with participants via video software or telephone in the USA.ParticipantsParticipants were adults from the USA who self-identified as African American or black. Recruitment flyers were posted around the San Francisco Bay Area and shared on our team Facebook page, with further participants identified through snowball sampling.ResultsWe interviewed 26 participants from 10 different states. Overall, 12 were men and 14 were women, with a mean age of 43 years (range 18–85). We identified five key themes regarding melanoma awareness in black people: (1) lack of understanding of term ‘melanoma’ and features of skin cancer; (2) do not feel at risk of melanoma skin cancer; (3) surprise that melanoma can occur on palms, soles and nails; (4) skin cancer awareness messages do not apply to or include black people; and (5) Importance of relationship with healthcare and habits of utilisation.ConclusionsAnalysis of these in-depth semistructured interviews illuminate the pressing need for health information on melanoma designed specifically for black people. We highlight two key points for focused public health messaging: (1) melanoma skin cancer does occur in black people and (2) high-risk sites for melanoma in black people include the palms, soles and nail beds. Therefore, public health messages for black people and their healthcare providers may involve productively checking these body surface areas.
- Published
- 2023
42. Diversity and Career Goals of Graduating Allopathic Medical Students Pursuing Careers in Dermatology
- Author
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Yi, Gao, Travis, Fulk, Westley, Mori, Lindsay, Ackerman, Kevin, Gaddis, Ronda, Farah, Jenna, Lester, Eleni, Linos, J Klint, Peebles, Howa, Yeung, and Matthew D, Mansh
- Subjects
Dermatology - Abstract
ImportanceDermatology is one of the least diverse specialties, while patients from minority racial and ethnic groups and other underserved populations continue to face numerous dermatology-specific health and health care access disparities in the US.ObjectivesTo examine the demographic characteristics and intended career goals of graduating US allopathic medical students pursuing careers in dermatology compared with those pursuing other specialties and whether these differ by sex, race and ethnicity, and/or sexual orientation.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis secondary analysis of a repeated cross-sectional study included 58 077 graduating allopathic medical students using data from the 2016 to 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges Graduation Questionnaires.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe proportion of female students, students from racial and ethnic groups underrepresented in medicine (URM), and sexual minority (SM) students pursuing dermatology vs pursuing other specialties. The proportions and multivariable-adjusted odds of intended career goals between students pursuing dermatology and those pursuing other specialties and by sex, race and ethnicity, and sexual orientation among students pursuing dermatology.ResultsA total of 58 077 graduating students were included, with 28 489 (49.0%) female students, 8447 (14.5%) URM students, and 3641 (6.3%) SM students. Female students pursuing dermatology were less likely than female students pursuing other specialties to identify as URM (96 of 829 [11.6%] vs 4760 of 27 660 [17.2%]; P P P P P P Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that diversity gaps continue to exist in the dermatology workforce pipeline. Efforts are needed to increase racial and ethnic and sexual orientation diversity and interest in careers focused on underserved care and public health among students pursuing dermatology.
- Published
- 2023
43. Dermatology is finally talking about race
- Author
-
Eleni Linos, Neil Rajan, J. Guckian, and John R. Ingram
- Subjects
Race (biology) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Family medicine ,Racial Groups ,MEDLINE ,medicine ,Humans ,Dermatology ,Psychology - Published
- 2021
44. A qualitative exploration of the experiences of itch for adults living with epidermolysis bullosa
- Author
-
Isabella de Vere Hunt, Meghan Halley, Katie Sum, Kiana Yekrang, Michelle Phung, Julie Good, Eleni Linos, and Albert S. Chiou
- Subjects
Adult ,Pruritus ,Humans ,Dermatology ,Epidermolysis Bullosa - Published
- 2021
45. Incidence Trends of Primary Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma in the US From 2000 to 2018
- Author
-
Zhuo Ran, Cai, Michael L, Chen, Martin A, Weinstock, Youn H, Kim, Roberto A, Novoa, and Eleni, Linos
- Subjects
Data Analysis ,Cancer Research ,Skin Neoplasms ,Oncology ,Incidence ,Humans ,United States ,Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous ,SEER Program - Abstract
Using SEER database data, this cohort study analyzed cutaneous T-cell lymphoma incidence by tumor subtype, sex, age, race and ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and geography.
- Published
- 2022
46. Clinical photography in skin of colour: tips and best practices
- Author
-
Jenna C. Lester, R. Daneshjou, L. Clark, and Eleni Linos
- Subjects
Clinical photography ,Best practice ,Photography ,MEDLINE ,Color ,Humans ,Skin Pigmentation ,Dermatology ,Psychology ,Skin ,Visual arts - Published
- 2021
47. Sexual Orientation Diversity and Specialty Choice Among Graduating Allopathic Medical Students in the United States
- Author
-
Westley S. Mori, Matthew Mansh, Howa Yeung, Mitchell R. Lunn, Juno Obedin-Maliver, Yi Gao, and Eleni Linos
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Students, Medical ,media_common.quotation_subject ,MEDLINE ,Sexual and Gender Minorities ,Young Adult ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Female Homosexuality ,medicine ,Research Letter ,Humans ,Homosexuality ,Students medical ,reproductive and urinary physiology ,media_common ,Career Choice ,Research ,Specialty choice ,General Medicine ,United States ,Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion ,Online Only ,Family medicine ,Sexual orientation ,behavior and behavior mechanisms ,Medicine ,Female ,Psychology ,Diversity (politics) - Abstract
This survey study examines the prevalence of gay, lesbian, or bisexual individuals among graduating allopathic medical students by specialty choice in the US.
- Published
- 2021
48. 32700 Association between body lice infestation and decreased hemoglobin values
- Author
-
Nora Rudd, Adam Zakaria, Michael A. Kohn, Erin H. Amerson, Lindy P. Fox, Eleni Linos, and Aileen Y. Chang
- Subjects
Dermatology - Published
- 2022
49. Active Surveillance as a Management Option for Low-risk Basal Cell Carcinoma
- Author
-
Eleni Linos and Mary-Margaret Chren
- Subjects
Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Skin Neoplasms ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Patient Selection ,MEDLINE ,Patient Preference ,medicine.disease ,Risk Assessment ,Telemedicine ,Article ,Patient Care Management ,Carcinoma, Basal Cell ,Internal medicine ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Basal cell carcinoma ,business ,Watchful Waiting ,Watchful waiting ,Neoplasm Staging - Published
- 2021
50. Age-Related Differences in Experiences With Social Distancing at the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Computational and Content Analytic Investigation of Natural Language From a Social Media Survey
- Author
-
Eleni Linos, Meghan C. Halley, Jeffrey T. Hancock, Angela Y. Lee, and Ryan C. Moore
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,media_common.quotation_subject ,emotion ,Health Informatics ,Human Factors and Ergonomics ,age differences ,NLP ,elderly ,compliance ,050105 experimental psychology ,Article ,Compliance (psychology) ,Developmental psychology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Medical technology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Social media ,public health messaging ,030212 general & internal medicine ,natural language processing ,R855-855.5 ,Health communication ,older adults ,media_common ,Original Paper ,youth ,social distancing compliance ,Public health ,Social distance ,adult ,05 social sciences ,public health ,COVID-19 ,Feeling ,age ,Anxiety ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,guideline ,younger adults - Abstract
Background As COVID-19 poses different levels of threat to people of different ages, health communication regarding prevention measures such as social distancing and isolation may be strengthened by understanding the unique experiences of various age groups. Objective The aim of this study was to examine how people of different ages (1) experienced the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and (2) their respective rates and reasons for compliance or noncompliance with social distancing and isolation health guidance. Methods We fielded a survey on social media early in the pandemic to examine the emotional impact of COVID-19 and individuals’ rates and reasons for noncompliance with public health guidance, using computational and content analytic methods of linguistic analysis. Results A total of 17,287 participants were surveyed. The majority (n=13,183, 76.3%) were from the United States. Younger (18-31 years), middle-aged (32-44 years and 45-64 years), and older (≥65 years) individuals significantly varied in how they described the impact of COVID-19 on their lives, including their emotional experience, self-focused attention, and topical concerns. Younger individuals were more emotionally negative and self-focused, while middle-aged people were other-focused and concerned with family. The oldest and most at-risk group was most concerned with health-related terms but were lower in anxiety (use of fewer anxiety-related terms) and higher in the use of emotionally positive terms than the other less at-risk age groups. While all groups discussed topics such as acquiring essential supplies, they differentially experienced the impact of school closures and limited social interactions. We also found relatively high rates of noncompliance with COVID-19 prevention measures, such as social distancing and self-isolation, with younger people being more likely to be noncompliant than older people (P Conclusions Analysis of natural language can provide insight into rapidly developing public health challenges like the COVID-19 pandemic, uncovering individual differences in emotional experiences and health-related behaviors. In this case, our analyses revealed significant differences between different age groups in feelings about and responses to public health orders aimed to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. To improve public compliance with health orders as the pandemic continues, health communication strategies could be made more effective by being tailored to these age-related differences.
- Published
- 2021
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