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The security of the European space involves both an external and an internal component. The European authorities play an essential role in ensuring the internal security of the Community through both the security policy and the efficiency of the Community institutions. The European Public Prosecutor's Office represents a newly established institution, which through its form of organization as well as its attributions aims to ensure the internal security of the Community in the aspect of combating offenses against the financial interests of the European Union. By cooperating with the other European institutions and state authorities, the European Public Prosecutor's Office will play a decisive role in the fight against corruption.

In the study we propose as follows, we will look at differences in perception between the pandemic constraints imposed by the governmenst of countries affected by the pandemic in view of managing the pandemic and society’s perception that governments have deprived citizens of their freedom by restricting their mobility and imposing restrictions with regard to travel, including in order to attend educational activities. In some cases, the communities affected by the restrictive measures have gone further, accusing governments of the crime of “Illegal Deprivation of Freedom”, which is included by the legislator in the criminal codes of countries. We consider that the accusations brought against the authorities are unfounded, exaggerated, and thoroughly wrong. We believe that they are due to communication gaps in the public domain, the differences in perception of community members in the context of changing paradigms and the insufficient legal education, which leads to confusion between illegal deprivation of freedom and limitations or restrictions. Although, in the legislation, the articles that provide for the criminal offences relevant to the matter are included in the criminal (penal) codes, for example, in the Romanian legislation in Article 205 of the Criminal Code, with the marginal name “Offences against Individual Freedom” of Title I, which bears the marginal name “Offences against the Person”, and falls within the area of ​​interest of legal sciences, we will analyze the effects in relation to the limitations and restrictions imposed by the authorities for the management of the pandemic. To this end, on the one hand we will highlight the aspects of material criminal law necessary for the legal classification of a deed as offence of illegal deprivation of freedom, in accordance with the provisions of the Criminal Codes of Romania, Hungary, Republic of Italy, Greece, and on the other hand, we will present some aspects regarding the management of the coronavirus crisis in the area of ​​education.

The aim of this article is to highlight the place the Romanian lawmaker has given to criminal offences against public security in the criminal law. At the same time, we seek to delineate the legal object of crimes against public security from that of crimes that affect relations of social coexistence, especially those protecting public order and peace. Knowledge of the legal object contributes to a better understanding of the concepts of public security and social order that are interdependent with law and human capital. Also, through the method of documentation we aimed to highlight, in the context of the pandemic: some legislative changes that had an impact on the activities carried out in the field of public security; the main measures taken to ensure the safety of the person and the observance of health measures in criminal proceedings; the activities that were carried out online in the judicial proceedings and the manner in which the intra-institutional communication or inter-institutional communication took place; the main changes brought by the legislator in the matter of criminal offences against public security (safety).

Designing and implementing relevant and effective environmental policies and fostering green and environmental-friendly approaches and behaviors are constant aims for policy makers all over the world. Concurrently, implementing environmental policies involves significant economic and financial efforts, in order to repair environmental damage and to prevent future negative environmental consequences. How effective are the environmental expenditures and how are they related to the economic growth, i.e. the GDP level, are issues of major concern at a governmental level. In this article we are examining the relation between GDP and environmental expenditure, by using statistical data available for EU economies, for the time period 1995-2013. We found that the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis is supported in most of the EU economies, both for government environmental protection and specialized providers, public and private environmental protection. Further and deeper analyses performed showed different situations for specific countries and even a negative relation between GDP and government environmental protection for specific cases. First published online 18 November 2019

We will approach the history of expertise, in the context of the event of 1st December 1918, by setting forth a few considerations, with particular reference to data which appear to have this specific significance.

Migration is a complex phenomenon with economic, social, political, cultural and human implications, and therefore, it is the locus of interest for many researchers from various fields. After 1989, migration in Romania became a social issue due to the large number of migrants searching for labour all around Europe. This paper focuses on investigating and forecasting labour migration from Romania and its geographical orientation. We analysed the gravity model, which simple and accurate, focused on the distance as a determinant of the length of the mobility and, thus, of the host country chosen by the migrant. Based on the proposed macroeconomic model, we discuss results for main destinations countries, i.e. Spain, Italy, Austria, Germany, as well as for EU as a whole.

In this chapter, we want to present some reflections on international migration in a context where there are variations in migration flows in the period 2015–first half of 2018 according to official statistics. To this end, we provided theoretical references concerning the notion of the state border and we explained its significance in international relations. Moreover, we used the method of comparison in order to highlight the differences in values regarding facts which affect fundamental values protected by law, by incriminating them. We have also presented the major migratory routes in a context where dialogue, cooperation and collaboration between the Member States of the European Union and third states are the main ways to identify existing risks, to avoid any possible shocks resulting from illegal migration and to maintain the greatest responsiveness to the size of migration flows.