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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of wine closure types on the quality perception of wine consumers in a traditional wine market, combined with the willingness to pay for red and white wines in bottles closed with screw caps compared with that for wines in bottles with a cork closure.Design/methodology/approachAn online experiment with 436 Austrian wine consumers was conducted in a two-by-two between-groups design. To assess the quality of Austrian red and white wine, quality indicators such as origin, grape variety, awards, the content of residual sugar, vintage, geographical indication, ageing potential, organic certification, vineyard designation and brand (producer) have been applied. Furthermore, different involvement levels as well as willingness to pay were taken into consideration.FindingsContrary to earlier findings, results confirm that Austrian consumers do not generally perceive wines (both red and white) in a screw cap bottle to be lower or different in quality from those in a cork-closed bottle. However, consumers expect red and white wines in bottles with a cork closure to be higher in price than wines in bottles with a screw cap. Among established quality indicators, the present analysis shows that price is the strongest cue for quality when it comes to wines and indicates that wines in bottles closed with corks and bearing a higher price tag are considered to be of higher quality.Research limitations/implicationsThis research comes with limitations, such as the absence of sensory differences. Moreover, the research design is based exclusively on the description of wines and a limited set of quality indicators and does not involve the actual tasting of wines.Practical implicationsOutcomes suggest that in the strategic positioning of wines, the difference in wine consumers’ quality perceptions between wine bottles with screw caps and cork closures plays a smaller role than anticipated. Findings are relevant for practitioners, particularly in old-world wine markets where cork is still seen as the closure of choice for higher-quality wines.Originality/valueThe results of this survey contribute to understanding consumers of an established old-world wine market and their attitudes towards alternative bottle closure types such as screw caps. It adds new insights to the research stream of the quality perception of wines.

Purpose This study aims to propose and demonstrate a practical application of a new three-part holistic sensory evaluation (HSE) method for textiles and apparel based on the senses of sight, touch, hearing and smell. HSE method development was carefully documented, described and successfully applied to evaluate sensory characteristics and consumer perceptions and acceptance of bacterial cellulose (BC), a novel sustainable material for apparel. Design/methodology/approach In Part One of the HSE method, research participants described the material in their own words based on the senses of sight, touch, hearing and smell. In Part Two, they rated the intensities and their linking for 25 predetermined attributes describing BC. Part Three measured participants’ overall liking of BC and its perceived suitability for apparel and accessories. Findings Application of the HSE method resulted in an in-depth understanding of BC material. Areas for material improvements and positive characteristics were identified, providing direction for further development. Consumers found BC suitable for accessories and outer-layer garments but not for apparel. Originality/value Sensory evaluation of textiles and apparel has traditionally focused on the senses of touch and sight. The new HSE method allows evaluating the full range of sensory characteristics of materials/products and holistically assessing consumer perceptions. The method is especially useful for novel materials and wearable technology. BC has gained increased interests as a novel sustainable material, yet consumer studies have been lacking. This study reports a comprehensive evaluation of BC material from consumer perspective.

New 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives containing a diazenyl group, as well as simultaneously a diazenyl and an imino group were synthesized.

The monograph is devoted to the analysis of the theoretical and methodological foundations of the study of the management system of professional orientation of high school students of general education institutions in the conditions of a modern metropolis. The central place in the work is occupied by the author's structural and functional model of management of the system of career guidance. A large theoretical material based on the results of the author's research is presented, which allows to formulate and substantiate a number of new scientific provisions that open up a promising direction in the study of the problems of career guidance in the mainstream of management sociology. The results of a multidimensional analysis of the data of the author's empirical studies of the influence of macro- and microsocial factors on the effectiveness of career guidance management in educational institutions of the modern Russian metropolis on the example of Moscow are presented. It is intended for a wide range of specialists in the field of sociology of management, pedagogy, sociology of education, as well as for heads of sociological services, teachers, graduate students, students, anyone interested in the issues of professional orientation of young people in a modern metropolis.

Facial neuropathy is a lesion of the facial nerve of various nature happening at different anatomical levels, which is manifested by unilateral paralysis or paresis of the facial muscles and is complicated by synkinesis and contractures of the paretic muscles. The leading clinical symptom of this disorder is mimic asymmetry, which occurs as a result of a violation of the neuromuscular balance of both hemifaces (weakness on the side of the lesion and hypertonicity on the contralateral side). Understanding the special functional state of the unaffected hemiface made it possible to develop a pathogenetically substantiated method for the treatment of mimic asymmetry. The effect of botulinum toxin type A on the muscles of the healthy hemiface contributes to a better restoration of the motor activity of the affected muscles and the symmetry of the face. Implantation of monofilament mesothreads in the facial area was used to correct synkinesis. We have proposed a method that creates a rigid mesh frame using mesothreads between the skin and the muscles of facial expression in the area of synkinesis. This led to a significant decrease in the severity of clinical symptoms, a decrease in the frequency and amplitude of involuntary muscle contractions in the face.

Background Soft tissue filler injections are frequently performed with a relatively low number of severe adverse events reported. While venous complications have been described, the majority of adverse events are generally associated with the arterial vascular system. Intra-arterial product application can present with pain, skin discoloration, and potential tissue loss and/or injection related visual compromise. Aim We present the clinical case and the consecutive symptomology of a 39-year-old woman injected with calcium hydroxylapatite at the zygomatic arch with five perpendicular needle (27G 12mm) supraperiosteal bolus injections of 0.2 cc per site. Methods Immediately after the injections, weakness, nausea, vomiting, and loss of consciousness occurred. Additionally, left-sided loss of sensation of her face, scalp, oral, and nasal mucosa occurred, with absence of left corneal reflex and ipsi-lateral ear congestion. Subsequently, left-sided masseteric atrophy and dysphagia occurred. Results One year after the injection procedure the sensory loss of her facial skin and scalp persisted, while the other symptoms improved. Medications involved in the symptomatic (not causal) partial recovery process were Dexamethasone, Vitamin B complex, Vinpocetine, Pentoxifyllin, and Thioctic acid. Conclusion The symptoms presented and the time-related relationship to the injection procedure increases the likeliness of an association between the administration of the calcium hydroxylapatite product and a lesion of the trigeminal ganglion. The resulting symptoms can altogether be related to the functions of the ganglion. The connecting pathway between the injection site and the ganglion can be explained by the arterial vascular pathway.

At present, the phrase "the Internet has penetrated deep into our lives" is no longer appropriate. The majority of the population practically cannot imagine their life without the Internet, which contributed to the emergence of a new subdivision of linguistics, Internet linguistics. The article examines the issue of the impact of information on the Internet, especially of a violent, extremist nature, on the formation of the young Russian generation.

The assessment of the explosion hazard of a combustible gas mixture is not a trivial task if the type of combustible gases is not known precisely. In this paper, a methodology for assessing the degree of the explosiveness of hydrocarbon gases combined with hydrogen is proposed. The methodology does not require the identification of the type of hydrocarbons, their quantity and concentration. The methodology proposed in this work is based on the measurement of heat released during mixture burning in the catalytic sensor chamber. A multi-stage heating profile with different duration and voltage amplitude was developed to heat the sensor and conduct measurements. This allowed for dividing the catalytic sensor response into hydrogen and hydrocarbons mixture. The measurements were carried out for three-component mixtures of explosive gases (propane, butane and hydrogen) in air. The obtained results demonstrate a good agreement between the experimental results and the theoretical values.

The assessment of the explosion hazard of a combustible gas mixture is not a trivial task if the type of combustible gases is not known precisely. Typically, the concentration of combustible gas is defined as the response of a catalytic sensor to its presence in the air. It has been known that catalytic sensors have different sensitivities to different combustible gases. Usually gas analyzers are calibrated by methane and are not suitable for measuring other flammable gases without additional correction for each gas. In this paper, we have investigated the dependency of catalytic sensor sensitivity on the sensor temperature for the binary mixture of methane, propane, butane, hexane and hydrogen with air in a wide temperature range. Based on the obtained dependencies, a measurement algorithm and an empirical equation were proposed that allow calculating the concentration of unknown combustible gas in % of LEL. The process of measuring and processing data can be automated using a digital processor. The experimental results have shown that the concentration measurement error is in the range 5%–10% for binary mixture.

CRISPR/cas9 is a popular tool, widely used today for genome editing. However, the modular organization of this tool allows it to be used not only for DNA modifications but also for introducing epigenetic modifications both in DNA (methylation/demethylation) and in histones (acetylation/deacetylation). In these notes we will concentrate on the ways to adapt the CRISPR/cas9 system for epigenetic DNA modification of specific regions of interest. The modular organization represents a universal principal, that allows to create infinite number of functions with a limited number of tools. CRISPR/cas9, in which each subunit can be adapted for a particular task, is an excellent example of this rule. Made of two main subunits, it can be modified for targeted delivery of foreign activity (effector, an epigenetic enzyme in our case) to a selected part of the genome. In doing this the CRISPR/cas9 system represents a unique method that allows the introduction of both genomic and epigenetic modifications. This chapter gives a detailed review of how to prepare DNA for the fully functional CRISPR/cas9 system, able to introduce required modifications in the region of interest. We will discuss specific requirements for each structural component of the system as well as for auxiliary elements (modules), which are needed to ensure efficient expression of the elements of the system within the cell and the needs of selection and visualization.

CRISPR/cas9 is a popular tool, widely used today for genome editing. However, the modular organization of this tool allows it to be used not only for DNA modifications but also for introducing epigenetic modifications both in DNA (methylation/demethylation) and in histones (acetylation/deacetylation). In these notes we will concentrate on the ways to adapt the CRISPR/cas9 system for epigenetic DNA modification of specific regions of interest. The modular organization represents a universal principal, that allows to create infinite number of functions with a limited number of tools. CRISPR/cas9, in which each subunit can be adapted for a particular task, is an excellent example of this rule. Made of two main subunits, it can be modified for targeted delivery of foreign activity (effector, an epigenetic enzyme in our case) to a selected part of the genome. In doing this the CRISPR/cas9 system represents a unique method that allows the introduction of both genomic and epigenetic modifications. This chapter gives a detailed review of how to prepare DNA for the fully functional CRISPR/cas9 system, able to introduce required modifications in the region of interest. We will discuss specific requirements for each structural component of the system as well as for auxiliary elements (modules), which are needed to ensure efficient expression of the elements of the system within the cell and the needs of selection and visualization.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of cytokines in light of recently discovered aspects of acne immunopathogenesis. Materials and Methods: The study included 276 patients aged between 16 to 44 years with various forms of acne vulgaris. Severe manifestations of the disease were identified in 126/45.6% patients; disease lasted 1 to 5 years in 157/56.9% patients. The serum levels of cytokines were determined by ELISA using standard kits. The cells were characterized using flow cytometry. Results: The obtained data on an excessive secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-2) and VEGF on the background of decreasing the content of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10) indicate an insufficient activity of anti-inflammatory immune response. It was concluded that acne is a model of chronic immunodeficiency inflammatory dermatoses with the activation of innate immunity and the subsequent development of the adaptive T-cell immune response.

Introduction Despite advances in screening and early diagnosis, about 15% of colorectal cancers present with acute colonic obstruction. Emergency colorectal surgery is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Preoperative decompression (SEMS or trananal decompression tube placement) as a bridge to surgery has been reported to improve short-term outcomes. However, oncological safety of endoscopic interventions is debatable due to the high frequency of perforations and dissemination. There are few retrospective studies of comparative outcomes between SEMS and decompression tube, but the benefits were not clear. The aim of this prospective randomized study is to compare sort-term and especially long term outcome of colorectal stenting and transanal decompression tube as a bridge to surgery. Methods Between December 2012 and December 2017, 72 patients with malignant colon obstruction, which was diagnosed based on radiological and endoscopic findings with pathohistological examination, were consecutively included into the study. Patients were randomized of random sampling numbers and divided into the stent or decompression tube group. Results Technical success rate RR 0.914, 95% CI 0.804–1.039 (p=0.065). Clinical success was significant higher in stent group RR 0.643, 95% CI 0.489–0.846 (p=0.031). Rate of complications was similar in groups RR 0.895, 95% CI 0.755–1.061 (p=0.087). Short-term outcomes in SEMS group were superior to decompression tube group in the following areas: stoma creation rate RR 0.914, 95% CI 0.804–1.039 (p=0.065) (p Conclusions SEMS has some benefits in comparison with decompression tubes in the short-term postoperative period for patients with malignant colorectal obstruction. The overall recurrence rate was higher in the stent group in long-term period. Moreover, the overall survival rate in the group is no different. Need to continue research to material accumulation and analysis of long-term results.

A multi-analytical investigation was carried out to study lacquer objects from Noin-Ula burial complex (Mongolia, the first century AD). This complex is a unique source of information about Xiongnu - one of the most ancient nomadic empires, due to the variety of findings of different origin. This study was undertaken to characterize the materials used for manufacturing and decoration of lacquer everyday life objects and works of art from the 22nd and 31st Noin-Ula barrows. Scanning electron microscopy coupled with X-ray microanalysis (SEM-EDS), FT-IR spectroscopy and pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GS/MS) and derivatisation in situ with tetramethylammonium hydroxide were used to study both organic and inorganic components of ancient lacquer wares. The components of the drying oil and urushiol were identified in the lacquer coating compositions. Diterpenoid resin and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (charcoal components) were found in some samples. Inorganic pigments of the lacquer wares were umber, iron oxides, cinnabar, orpiment and charcoal.

The collection of textiles from Xiongnu burial was obtained in the recent years as a result of research of the Russian-Mongolian expedition led by N. Polosmak. This collection is a unique source of the different types of information. Xiongnu throughout their long history controlled the Central Asia regions of the Silk Road, by which many and varied products, including textiles and wool, were brought to China from the west. The woolen fabrics and textiles of high quality were found in the Xiongnu noble burials located in the mountains of Mongolia. An analysis of their dyes composition by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed that the woolen fabrics were dyed with plant and insect dyestuffs. Each sample analyzed was dyed with a set of dyestuffs that indicates that dyers had not only the necessary and various dyes, but possessed highly developed craftsmanship of dyeing. Based on the results of this research it can be proposed that the dyeing of the woolen textiles found in the graves of the Xiongnu nobility was carried out in the manufactories of the Mediterranean, known for their fabrics dyeing culture. Numerous Chinese-made silk fabrics were dyed with traditional Han epoch plant dyes - indigo and Indian madder. Dyes composition of the silk textile fundamentally differs from dyes of the woolen fabrics by the absence of dyestuffs of insect origin.

Solution-processed furan/phenylene co-oligomer single crystals combine high photoluminescence quantum yield (>65%) and efficient charge transport (mobility 0.12 cm(2) V-1 s(-1)) making them promising materials for printable organic optoelectronics.

The most of gas associated industries face with the risks of explosion and fire which may lead to dire consequences. We present an approach for assessing the explosion risks in the presence of hydrocarbon mixtures when the chemical composition and concentration of gases in the mixture are unknown. The core idea is the measurement of warm dissipated during the combustion of hydrocarbons in the reaction chamber of the sensor. To evaluate this approach we use a catalytic planar sensor with limited gas diaphragm in the reaction chamber. We demonstrate the feasibility of our approach experimentally.

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have recently been applied for industrial monitoring, including combustible and flammable gases monitoring. In this work, we present a wireless gas sensor node in which a widely used Wheatstone sensing circuit based on two sensors is exchanged with a single sensor circuit, as well as the associate gas measurement procedure. The core of the measurement procedure is the four-stage heating profile, which enables low power consumption of sensing circuit and thermo compensation adjustment. A thermo compensation algorithm is capable of avoiding the effect of the environmental temperature on the measurements by keeping stable zero-offset within $\pm 1\;\hbox{mV}$ and ensuring low absolute error within 0.1% vol. The thorough design of the sensor node allows it to fit into the $5.5\;{\hbox{cm}^3}$ packaging, which ensures its true ubiquitous deployment in outdoor and industrial environment.

A huge number of combustible gas leaks occur every year at industrial and home facilities. These leaks may have grave consequences for health, environment and property. In this work we demonstrate the approach for improving the interoperability of catalytic sensors which are widely used in industrial monitoring applications for combustible gas leaks. To ensure methane detection within the broad concentration range (100 ppm–100% vol.), we propose using of two sensors with catalysts in the modified Wheatstone sensing circuit and to cover them with sealed caps with different holes to enable gas diffusion control.

International Finance – an integral part and one of the most important areas of a market economy. They focus the problems of national and world economy, the development of which historically runs parallel and closely intertwined. As the internationalization of economic relations are increasing international flows of goods, services and especially capital and credit. This studybook is intended for students majoring in "Economics" and "Management". And can also be useful for teachers of economic universities and all interested in the problems of development of international relations.

The design and main technical characteristics of a typical catalytic sensor are described. The main drawbacks related to the lack of stability due to natural ageing and poisoning of sensing elements by catalytic poisons are defined. It is suggested to provide a restricted access of the analyzed gas mixture into the reaction chamber by diffusion through a calibrated hole to increase the stability of sensor.