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Environmental safety and the rational use of natural resources are among pressing present-day problems. Energy efficiency improvement is an important constituent of energy policies in many countries. This article examines the impact of the “rebound effect” on improving the energy efficiency of environmental safety programs implement-d at federal and municipal levels. There is still no consensus on how to take the “rebound effect” into account and whether it should be considered at all. Paradoxically, the “rebound effect” is the unintended side effect of energy efficiency activities. In this paper, different types of this effect are considered. The “direct assessment” method, based on the non-linear relationship between energy consumption and efficiency, is used to assess the “rebound effect” produced on individual household appliances. The factors hindering the implementation of energy efficiency activities are also identified. Having analyzed the impact of the effect on different sectors of economy, we can conclude that the most pronounced “rebound effect” is observed in the housing sector. Consequently, if we consider a major energy efficient renovation, we have to take account of the “rebound effect” caused by new energy saving activities.

Energy consumption analysis by regions of the world for the period from 2005 to 2019 showed that the growth of energy consumption is only increasing every year and requires certain energy-efficient measures. The largest energy consumption is in the construction sector, namely in residential buildings, which is associated with the large cities urbanization. Energy consumption depends not only on the energy efficiency of the temperature and lighting control systems, but also on the efficiency of the buildings in which they operate. Based on this, the housing stock of the city of Voronezh, which was conditionally divided into “old apartment buildings” and “new apartment buildings” (depending on the building period) was considered. Multi-apartment buildings were considered, taking into account various characteristics in order to identify the actual characteristics that affect energy consumption. Based on the data obtained, a statistical analysis of energy consumption in old apartment buildings and new ones, respectively, was carried out. On the basis of the research an algorithm was proposed for the energy-efficient measures introduction when planning major repairs in apartment buildings (AB) using a weighted directed acyclic graph.

This article analyzed the impact of the structural characteristics of old apartment buildings on actual energy consumption. The authors reviewed energy consumption in existing apartment buildings in Voronezh in order to determine the need for major repairs and energy efficiency. For this purpose, a comparative analysis of energy consumption in old apartment buildings and in new ones built in accordance with the current regulations was carried out. Three indicators of energy consumption were considered for analysis: total energy consumption by the end-user, heating of premises and electricity consumption depending on the year of construction of apartment buildings. The characteristics considered were used to quantify energy consumption (heating and power supply). Due to the results obtained, a statistical analysis of energy consumption in old apartment buildings and in new ones was carried out. It was noted that old apartment buildings consume more energy than those built at a late stage, in accordance with the current regulatory framework. The results can be useful in identifying priority elements of the building that will help to effectively reduce energy consumption during major repairs and classify existing residential buildings to build energy models.

At the moment, it is impossible to deny the appearance of the obvious problem of the effective implementation of energy-saving measures during the overhaul of apartment buildings. This article considered the possibility of using one of the methods for the section of mathematics of the Theory of Graphs during the overhaul of apartment buildings with the introduction of energy-saving technologies. In the course of the research, elements were used in the form of an oriented graph with the help of which the adjacency matrix was constructed. Thanks to the work done, it was possible to isolate the resource potential of introducing energy-efficient technologies in the overhaul and identified their optimal order of inclusion in the process of renovating apartment buildings. Based on the obtained combinations, a digraph is built showing the relationship between the planned energy-saving technologies in apartment buildings, and also presents the calculation of financial and economic indicators for assessing the implementation of energy-efficient measures and proposes a general scheme for the implementation of energy-saving technologies when carrying out major repairs in apartment buildings to simplify work. Based on the analysis of real existing technologies using the constructed cost functional, the directions for improving the efficiency of reconstruction processes and reducing the cost of capital repairs are formulated.

The issue of including energy efficient measures in the overhaul of residential real estate has been discussed for several years. The relevance of this issue is increasing in connection with the requirements established at the state level to improve the energy efficiency of buildings. The article calculates the determination of the energy efficiency class of a residential property included in the “Regional program for the overhaul of common property in apartment buildings in the Voronezh region for 2014–2044”, after the implementation of energy efficiency measures. Improving energy efficiency is a strategic goal. However, energy efficiency improvements do not always lead to energy savings due to the “rebound effect”. Therefore, it is necessary to organize the implementation of energy-efficient measures during the overhaul of residential real estate and the implementation of energy-saving programs (municipal, regional, state, industry).

The paper presents possible problems in the construction of houses for the disabled and the elderly. The relevance of the construction of these real estate objects and the consideration of this issue of the article is displayed. The possible main hazards during capital construction are given. The economic aspect of the construction issue, its nuances, and methodology are considered in detail using the examples of two objects of houses for the disabled and the elderly of various forms of ownership. For each of the potential planned objects, the necessary data collection was performed, calculations of possible income based on the activities of the house for the disabled and the elderly, expenses, both at the construction stage and at the exploitation stage, which are shown in this article. Graphically, the result of the comparative analysis of the two objects for economic efficiency is shown and the conclusion is made about the choice of the most profitable form for performing specific tasks.

Having studied the technological modes of applying the mixture by the guniting method on hard unyielding surfaces, we can conclude that the technology for applying building mixtures is formed depending on changes in a number of factors (including the strength characteristics and the rebound of the mixture from the vertical surface). Experimental study of the influence of the technological parameters of application on the efficiency of guniting with the classical method and application using a nozzle for vortex application allows us to visually detect the zones of rational application of this technology. Based on the experimental data, we carried out an analysis of the influence of the technological parameters of applying the mixture on the criterion indicators. For this, we investigated various methods [8, 9], processed the results and revealed dependencies, discovered unknown aspects of gunning with the use of a nozzle for vortex application of a construction mixture. The assessment showed a sufficient degree of coincidence of theoretical and experimental studies and the possibility of their practical application, on the basis of which we can conclude about the efficiency of the nozzle for the vortex application of the building mixture.