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Purpose We describe the spectrum of gray-scale and power Doppler sonographic appearances in inflammatory scrotal diseases. Methods Twenty-five patients ranging in age from 3 to 69 years underwent gray-scale and power Doppler sonography with multifrequency transducers of 7–9 MHz or 10–13 MHz. In addition, color Doppler and power Doppler findings were compared in 7 cases. Results In all 5 prepubertal patients, power Doppler imaging demonstrated hyperemia associated with epididymitis and, in some cases, orchitis. Among the 20 pubertal and adult patients, power Doppler imaging revealed increased vascularity associated with spermatic cord involvement, epididymitis, orchiepididymitis, or orchitis. Enlargement and heterogeneity of the epididymis and/or testis were seen in 11 patients, with vas efferens ectasia in 3 patients. Abscess formation and testicular infarction were easily depicted by power Doppler imaging. In 5 cases total, hyperemia was the only sonographic finding of inflammation. In the comparison between color and power Doppler imaging, a subjective increase in the number and length of vessels was seen with power Doppler imaging. Conclusions Power Doppler imaging is an easy and fast Doppler modality for evaluating inflammatory conditions of the scrotum and proved especially useful in cases with no gray-scale sonographic anomalies, in prepubertal patients, and in patients with abscesses or ischemic lesions. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 28:67–72, 2000.

Purpose. To assess the clinical value of paratracheal lymph nodes (PLNs) as a novel sonographic finding in autoimmune thyroiditis (AT). Methods. A total of 309 consecutive patients underwent sonographic examinations of the thyroid between 1998 and 2003. A single radiologist assessed the sonographic findings of AT and PLNs. All patients underwent serological tests for antimicrosomal antibodies (AMAs). Patients with clinical, cytological, or laboratory findings of thyroiditis formed the AT group with a positive AMA test (n = 199). Controls were patients with no signs of nodular thyroid disease, normal thyrotropin, negative AMA, and benign cytology (n = 110). Results. PLNs were seen in 184 of 199 patients in the AT group and in 28 of 110 controls (P < 0.001) (sensitivity of 93.4%, specificity of 74.5% in the diagnosis of AT). PLNs in controls were fewer (2.8 ± 1.5 versus 4.7 ± 2.6; P < 0.001) and smaller (8.2 ± 2.4 mm versus 10.7 ± 3.3 mm; P < 0.001) than in the AT group. Conclusion. PLNs are often present in patients with AT and are detectable with sonography. Radiologists should be aware of the importance of including the paratracheal region in the evaluation of the thyroid gland. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2008

Schnitzler's syndrome is a rare combination of chronic urticaria, fever of unknown origin, disabling bone pain, and monoclonal gammopathy. We report a case with an unusual radiological manifestation as a solitary sclerotic lesion of the right iliac bone. Its main features on conventional radiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging are described, and the main radiological differential diagnoses are discussed to help with the characterization of this syndrome, which requires a combination of clinical, laboratory, and radiological data. On the other hand, although our patient had an excellent clinical response to anakinra, the sclerotic lesion remained unchanged on follow-up X-ray examinations.

We report a child diagnosed in neonatal period of an Ebstein's anomaly and a hypertrabeculated left ventricular myocardium. In the first year of life he developed cardiac failure. A magnetic resonance imaging was carried out confirming the diagnosis of noncompaction of the left ventricular myocardium. To our knowledge, this case is the third report in the literature of this association.