25 results on '"Eleanor Dunlop"'
Search Results
2. Mapping the citation network on vitamin D research in Australia: a data-driven approach
- Author
-
Belinda Neo, Xiaochen Qu, Eleanor Dunlop, Carrington Shepherd, Erin I. Walsh, Nicolas Cherbuin, and Lucinda J. Black
- Subjects
citation network analysis ,data-driven approach ,literature map ,vitamin D ,Australia ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Vitamin D research can vary geographically, as vitamin D status is influenced by latitude, season, dietary intake, body mass index, ethnicity, and public health initiatives. Over the last two decades, research on vitamin D has increased in Australia, where the potential for sun exposure (a major source of vitamin D) is high. We aimed to identify key topics and gaps in vitamin D research in Australia using a data-driven approach. A literature search limited to Australian studies was conducted in the Web of Science Core Collection database. Citation network analysis was conducted to identify clusters and sub-clusters, depicted using word clouds. Topic analysis of each cluster and sub-cluster was conducted to identify topics and sub-topics, respectively. From 934 publications (over the period 1984–2022), nine topics and 60 sub-topics were identified. The nine topics were: vitamin D in vulnerable populations and its impact on child development; impact of sun exposure and ultraviolet-B radiation on various health conditions; vitamin D and falls and fractures in older adults; vitamin D and its association with health outcomes; vitamin D from sun exposure; testing of vitamin D status in Australia; vitamin D, calcium, and musculoskeletal health; vitamin D status and knee osteoarthritis; and vitamin D status and exercise performance in athletes. There were limited publications on vitamin D in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and dietary vitamin D. We have provided an overview of vitamin D research in Australia. The research trends and knowledge gaps identified can guide future research to better inform public health initiatives in Australia.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Total Dairy Consumption Is Not Associated With Likelihood of a First Clinical Diagnosis of Central Nervous System Demyelination
- Author
-
Dao Ying Rachel Dieu, Eleanor Dunlop, Alison Daly, Robyn M. Lucas, Yasmine Probst, and Lucinda J. Black
- Subjects
Ausimmune Study ,Australia ,nutrition ,dairy consumption ,multiple sclerosis ,diet ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
BackgroundThe evidence associating consumption of dairy products and risk of MS is contradictory and inconclusive.ObjectiveTo test associations between dairy consumption and the likelihood of a first clinical diagnosis of central nervous system demyelination (FCD), a common precursor to MS.MethodsWe used data from the 2003–2006 Ausimmune Study, a population-based Australian, multicentre, matched case-control study (272 cases, 519 controls). Total dairy consumption (servings/day) was calculated by summing consumption of milk, cheese and yogurt. Covariate-adjusted treatment effects using augmented inverse probability weighting was used to test for associations with FCD. We conducted sensitivity analyses in the subset of participants who had had a classic first demyelinating event (FDE), defined as a single, first episode of symptoms suggestive of CNS demyelination.ResultsThere were no statistically significant associations between total dairy consumption (per one serving/day) and FCD (adjusted OR 1.00; 95% CI 0.93, 1.07; p = 0.979). However, yogurt consumption (vs. no yogurt consumption) was associated with an 11% decreased likelihood of FDE (adjusted OR 0.89; 95% CI 0.89, 0.79; p = 0.046).ConclusionWhile total dairy consumption was not associated with FCD in this Australian case-control study, yogurt consumption was associated with reduced likelihood of FDE.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. The Retention of Vitamin D2 and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D2 in Pulse UV-Irradiated Dried Button Mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) after 12 Months of Storage
- Author
-
Glenn Cardwell, Janet F. Bornman, Anthony P. James, Alison Daly, Eleanor Dunlop, Georgios Dabos, Paul Adorno, and Lucinda J. Black
- Subjects
Agaricus bisporus ,25-hydroxyvitamin D2 ,air-drying ,mushroom ,pulsed ultraviolet radiation ,storage ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
Fresh mushrooms exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation prior to drying generate high concentrations of vitamin D2. The aim of this study was to determine the retention of D vitamers in mushrooms that were pulse UV irradiated, then air dried, and stored for up to 12 months. Fresh button mushrooms (A. bisporus) were exposed to pulsed UV radiation (dose 200 mJ/cm2, peak of 17.5 W/cm2), air dried and vacuum sealed before being stored in the dark at room temperature. After storage, samples were freeze dried and quantified for D vitamers using triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. After 3, 6 and 12 months of storage, there was 100% (11.0 ± 0.8 µg/g dry weight (DW), 93% (10.1 ± 0.6 µg/g DW) and 58% (5.5 ± 0.6 µg/g DW) retention of vitamin D2 and 88% (0.14 ± 0.01 µg/g DW), 71% (0.11 ± 0.01 µg/g DW) and 68% (0.1 ± 0.01 µg/g DW) retention of 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 (25(OH)D2), respectively. Compared to the irradiated dried mushrooms that were not stored, the D vitamer concentration was statistically significantly lower (p < 0.05) at 6 and 12 months for 25(OH)D2 and at 12 months for vitamin D2. Sufficient vitamin D2 (99 µg) remained after 12 months storage to provide at least 100% of daily dietary vitamin D requirements in a 20 g serving.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Vitamin D Fortification of Milk Would Increase Vitamin D Intakes in the Australian Population, but a More Comprehensive Strategy Is Required
- Author
-
Eleanor Dunlop, Anthony P. James, Judy Cunningham, Anna Rangan, Alison Daly, Mairead Kiely, Caryl A. Nowson, Paul Adorno, Paul Atyeo, and Lucinda J. Black
- Subjects
Australia ,food ,fortification ,milk ,vitamin D ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
Low vitamin D status (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration < 50 nmol/L) is prevalent in Australia, ranging between 15% and 32% in the adolescent and adult populations. Vitamin D intakes are also low across the population and were recently estimated at 1.8–3.2 µg/day on average, assuming equal bioactivity of the D vitamers. In combination, these findings strongly suggest that data-driven nutrition policy is needed to increase vitamin D intake and improve status in the Australian population. Food fortification is a potential strategy. We used up-to-date vitamin D food composition data for vitamin D3, 25(OH)D3, vitamin D2, and 25(OH)D2, and nationally representative food and supplement consumption data from the 2011–2013 Australian Health Survey, to model a fortification scenario of 0.8 µg/100 mL vitamin D for fluid dairy milks and alternatives. Under the modelled fortification scenario, the mean vitamin D intake increased by ~2 µg/day from baseline to 4.9 µg/day from food only (7.2 µg/day including supplements). Almost all individual intakes remained substantially below 10 µg/day, which is the Estimated Average Requirement in North America. In conclusion, this modelling showed that fortification of fluid milks/alternatives with vitamin D at the current permitted level would produce a meaningful increase in vitamin D intake, which could be of potential benefit to those with a low vitamin D status. However, this initial step would be insufficient to ensure that most of the population achieves the North American EAR for vitamin D intake. This approach could be included as an effective component of a more comprehensive strategy that includes vitamin D fortification of a range of foods.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Vitamin D Content of Australian Native Food Plants and Australian-Grown Edible Seaweed
- Author
-
Laura J. Hughes, Lucinda J. Black, Jill L. Sherriff, Eleanor Dunlop, Norbert Strobel, Robyn M. Lucas, and Janet F. Bornman
- Subjects
liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-QQQ) ,liquid chromatography ,triple quadrupole ,vitamin D ,serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) ,plants ,algae ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Vitamin D has previously been quantified in some plants and algae, particularly in leaves of the Solanaceae family. We measured the vitamin D content of Australian native food plants and Australian-grown edible seaweed. Using liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry, 13 samples (including leaf, fruit, and seed) were analyzed in duplicate for vitamin D2, vitamin D3, 25-hydroxyvitamin D2, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3. Five samples contained vitamin D2: raw wattleseed (Acacia victoriae) (0.03 µg/100 g dry weight (DW)); fresh and dried lemon myrtle (Backhousia citriodora) leaves (0.03 and 0.24 µg/100 g DW, respectively); and dried leaves and berries of Tasmanian mountain pepper (Tasmannia lanceolata) (0.67 and 0.05 µg/100 g DW, respectively). Fresh kombu (Lessonia corrugata) contained vitamin D3 (0.01 µg/100 g DW). Detected amounts were low; however, it is possible that exposure to ultraviolet radiation may increase the vitamin D content of plants and algae if vitamin D precursors are present.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Vitamin D3 and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 Content of Retail White Fish and Eggs in Australia
- Author
-
Eleanor Dunlop, Judy Cunningham, Jill L. Sherriff, Robyn M. Lucas, Heather Greenfield, Jayashree Arcot, Norbert Strobel, and Lucinda J. Black
- Subjects
food composition data ,vitamin D3 ,25-hydroxyvitamin D3 ,fish ,eggs ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Dietary vitamin D may compensate for inadequate sun exposure; however, there have been few investigations into the vitamin D content of Australian foods. We measured vitamin D3 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) in four species of white fish (barramundi, basa, hoki and king dory), and chicken eggs (cage and free-range), purchased from five Australian cities. Samples included local, imported and wild-caught fish, and eggs of varying size from producers with a range of hen stocking densities. Raw and cooked samples were analysed using high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array. Limits of reporting were 0.2 and 0.1 μg/100 g for vitamin D3 and 25(OH)D3, respectively. The vitamin D3 content of cooked white fish ranged from
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Higher consumption of ultra-processed foods and increased likelihood of central nervous system demyelination in a case-control study of Australian adults
- Author
-
Adriana Mannino, Eleanor Dunlop, Anne-Louise Ponsonby, and Yasmine Probst
- Subjects
Nutrition and Dietetics ,Medicine (miscellaneous) - Abstract
Background Consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) has been linked to risk of chronic diseases, with scant evidence in relation to multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods We tested associations between UPF consumption and likelihood of a first clinical diagnosis of central nervous system demyelination (FCD) (267 cases, 508 controls), a common precursor to MS. We used data from the 2003–2006 Ausimmune Study and logistic regression with full propensity score matching for age, sex, region of residence, education, smoking history, body mass index, physical activity, history of infectious mononucleosis, dietary misreporting, and total energy intake. Results Higher UPF consumption was statistically significantly associated with an increased likelihood of FCD (adjusted odds ratio = 1.08; 95% confidence interval = 1.0,1.15; p = 0.039), representing an 8% increase in likelihood of FCD per one energy-adjusted serving/day of UPFs. Conclusion Higher intakes of UPF were associated with increased likelihood of FCD in this Australian cohort. Nutrition education and awareness of healthy eating patterns may benefit those at high risk of FCD.
- Published
- 2023
9. Vitamin D status in healthy populations worldwide: a systematic review protocol
- Author
-
Eleanor Dunlop, Ngoc Minh Pham, Dong Van Hoang, Aliki Kalmpourtzidou, and Lucinda J Black
- Subjects
General Nursing - Published
- 2023
10. Effect of Household Cooking on the Retention of Vitamin D2 and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D2 in Pulse Uv-Irradiated, Air-Dried Button Mushrooms (Agaricus Bisporus)
- Author
-
Glenn Cardwell, Janet F. Bornman, Anthony P. James, Alison Daly, Georgios Dabos, Paul Adorno, Jette Jakobsen, Eleanor Dunlop, and Lucinda J. Black
- Subjects
Pulsed ultraviolet radiation ,25-hydroxyvitamin D2 ,Air-drying ,General Medicine ,Agaricus bisporus ,Cooking ,Vitamin D2 ,True retention ,Food Science ,Analytical Chemistry - Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency has widespread global prevalence. Fresh mushrooms exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation generate vitamin D2 which remains after drying. It is not clear if vitamin D2 is retained after rehydration and cooking of dried mushrooms. The aim of this study was to determine the true retention of both vitamin D2 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 (25(OH)D2) after cooking UV-irradiated, air-dried, then rehydrated button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus). Mushrooms were exposed to pulsed UV radiation, then air-dried in a convection oven, followed by rehydration in warm water. Samples were cooked in three different ways: frying (5 min), baking (10 min, 200 °C) and boiling (20 min, 90 °C). Compared to rehydrated, uncooked controls, there was a high retention of D vitamers (≥95%) after cooking. Frying and baking resulted in significantly higher vitamin D2 retention compared to boiling (p2 after rehydration and cooking.
- Published
- 2023
11. Vitamin D Food Fortification and Biofortification Increases Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations in Adults and Children: An Updated and Extended Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
- Author
-
Anthony P. James, Lucinda J Black, Tanya Singh, Ngoc Minh Pham, Eleanor Dunlop, and Mairead Kiely
- Subjects
Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Cochrane Library ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Internal medicine ,Vitamin D and neurology ,Humans ,Medicine ,Vitamin D ,Child ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,business.industry ,Food fortification ,Vitamin D Deficiency ,Jadad scale ,Ergocalciferol ,chemistry ,Meta-analysis ,Dietary Supplements ,Food, Fortified ,business ,Cholecalciferol ,Biofortification ,medicine.drug - Abstract
BACKGROUND Low vitamin D status is a global public health issue that vitamin D food fortification and biofortification may help to alleviate. OBJECTIVES We investigated the effect of vitamin D food fortification and biofortification on circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations. We expanded the scope of earlier reviews to include adults and children, to evaluate effects by vitamin D vitamer, and investigate linear and nonlinear dose-response relations. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and gray and unpublished literature sites for randomized controlled trials, including people of all ages, with the criteria: absence of illness affecting vitamin D absorption, duration ≥4 wk, equivalent placebo food control, dose quantification, dose ≥5 μg/d, baseline and endpoint or absolute change in 25(OH)D concentrations reported, random allocation, and participant blinding. Quality was assessed using the Jadad Scale. RESULTS Data from 34 publications (2398 adults: 1345 intervention, 1053 controls; 1532 children: 970 intervention, 562 controls) were included. Random-effects meta-analysis of all studies combined (mean dose 16.2 μg/d) indicated a pooled treatment effect of 21.2 nmol/L (95% CI: 16.2, 26.2), with a greater effect for studies using cholecalciferol than ergocalciferol. Heterogeneity was high (I2 > 75%). Metaregression analyses for all studies combined suggested positive effect differences for baseline circulating 25(OH)D concentrations
- Published
- 2021
12. Prevalence and predictors of vitamin D deficiency in a nationally representative sample of Australian adolescents and young adults
- Author
-
Lucinda J Black, Robyn M. Lucas, Kahlea Horton-French, Eleanor Dunlop, and Gavin Pereira
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Epidemiology ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Overweight ,Article ,vitamin D deficiency ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,symbols.namesake ,0302 clinical medicine ,Prevalence ,medicine ,Vitamin D and neurology ,Humans ,Poisson regression ,Vitamin D ,Young adult ,Exercise ,Socioeconomic status ,Nutrition ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,business.industry ,Public health ,Australia ,Vitamins ,Vitamin D Deficiency ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,symbols ,Seasons ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Demography - Abstract
Background/Objectives Vitamin D deficiency is a public health concern worldwide. Maintaining vitamin D sufficiency during growth periods is essential. We aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors of vitamin D deficiency in Australian adolescents and young adults. Subject/Methods We used data from adolescents (12–17 years, n = 692) and young adults (18–24 years, n = 400) who participated in the nationally representative 2011–2013 Australian Health Survey. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were measured using a method certified to international standards, with prevalence reported for 125 nmol/L. Independent predictors of vitamin D deficiency were determined using a survey-weighted Poisson regression model. Results Overall, 17% of adolescents and 32% of young adults were vitamin D deficient. In models adjusted for sex, age, region of birth, socioeconomic status, BMI and season (and education, smoking status and physical activity in young adults only), the prevalence ratio (PR) for vitamin D deficiency was more than double in participants born outside Australia (adolescents: PR 2.46; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.59, 3.81; young adults: PR 2.12; 95% CI = 1.46, 3.07), and also varied by season (adolescents: spring vs summer PR 2.47; 95% CI = 1.22, 5.01 and winter vs summer PR 2.01; 95% CI = 1.03, 3.92; young adults: winter vs summer; PR 3.32; 95% CI = 1.69, 6.53). Other predictors of vitamin D deficiency were overweight compared with healthy weight (adolescents) and lower physical activity (young adults). Conclusions Strategies based on safe sun exposure and dietary approaches are needed to achieve and maintain adequate vitamin D status, particularly in young adults.
- Published
- 2021
13. Comparison of measured and declared vitamin D concentrations in Australian fortified foods
- Author
-
Katya M. Clark, Anthony P. James, Hio Ian Ip, Eleanor Dunlop, Judy Cunningham, Paul Adorno, Georgios Dabos, and Lucinda J. Black
- Subjects
Food Science - Published
- 2023
14. Vitamin K content of cheese, yoghurt and meat products in Australia
- Author
-
Eleanor Dunlop, Jette Jakobsen, Marie Bagge Jensen, Jayashree Arcot, Liang Qiao, Judy Cunningham, and Lucinda J. Black
- Subjects
Sheep ,Vitamin K ,Australia ,food and beverages ,General Medicine ,Vitamin K 1 ,Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT) ,Yogurt ,Quantitative Biology - Other Quantitative Biology ,Analytical Chemistry ,Meat Products ,Cheese ,FOS: Biological sciences ,Animals ,Food Science - Abstract
Vitamin K is vital for normal blood coagulation, and may influence bone, neurological and vascular health. Data on the vitamin K content of Australian foods are limited, preventing estimation of vitamin K intakes in the Australian population. We measured phylloquinone (PK) and menaquinone (MK) -4 to -10 in cheese, yoghurt and meat products (48 composite samples from 288 primary samples) by liquid chromatography with electrospray ionisation-tandem mass spectrometry. At least one K vitamer was found in every sample. The greatest mean concentrations of PK, MK-4 and MK-9 were found in lamb liver, chicken leg meat and Cheddar cheese, respectively. Cheddar cheese and cream cheese contained MK-5. MK-8 was found in Cheddar cheese only. As the K vitamer profile and concentrations appear to vary considerably by geographical location, Australia needs a vitamin K food composition dataset that is representative of foods consumed in Australia., Comment: 23 pages, 2 tables
- Published
- 2022
15. Iodine‐containing food practices of Western Australian pregnant women and ethnicity: An observational study
- Author
-
Lucinda J Black, Sheila Skeaff, Jill Sherriff, Tammy Hine, Yun Zhao, Eleanor Dunlop, and Andrea Begley
- Subjects
0303 health sciences ,Pregnancy ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,030309 nutrition & dietetics ,business.industry ,Ethnic group ,Food frequency questionnaire ,chemistry.chemical_element ,medicine.disease ,Iodine ,03 medical and health sciences ,Iodised salt ,0302 clinical medicine ,chemistry ,Environmental health ,Medicine ,Food practices ,Observational study ,030212 general & internal medicine ,business ,Iodine intake - Abstract
AIMS The Australian Health Survey 2011 to 2013 indicated that Western Australian women had good iodine status, suggesting adequate consumption of iodine from food, however, little is known about pregnant women in this state. The aim was to investigate the iodine-containing food practices of Western Australian pregnant women. METHODS Pregnant women attending antenatal clinics at a public tertiary hospital in Perth, Western Australia, were invited to complete a questionnaire investigating consumption of key iodine food sources and knowledge of iodine-containing foods. Food frequency data were entered into FoodWorks based on the Australian Food and Nutrition Database 2007. RESULTS A total of 425 women took part in the study with a mean (SD) age of 29.4 (5.5) years. Sixty percent of women reported consuming bread at least daily. Only 37.6% of women used iodised salt, but the median (25, 75 percentile) iodine intake of these women was 183 (142, 267) μg/day compared to 148 (100, 228) μg/day of iodine from food only. Ethnicity was associated with iodised salt use: 76% of Asian women compared with 33% of Caucasian women. Three quarters of the women did not know if any foods are required to be fortified with iodine. CONCLUSION The iodine-containing food practices of pregnant women in this state suggest a risk of insufficiency. The present study is limited by the use of a semi-quantitative and non-validated food frequency questionnaire, thus assessment of the iodine intake and status of pregnant women representative of the ethnic mix of Western Australia is recommended.
- Published
- 2019
16. Evidence of low vitamin D intakes in the Australian population points to a need for data-driven nutrition policy for improving population vitamin D status
- Author
-
Eleanor Dunlop, Julie L. Boorman, Tracy L. Hambridge, Jessica McNeill, Anthony P. James, Mairead Kiely, Caryl A. Nowson, Anna Rangan, Judy Cunningham, Paul Adorno, Paul Atyeo, and Lucinda J. Black
- Subjects
Nutrition and Dietetics ,Medicine (miscellaneous) - Abstract
Nearly one in four Australian adults is vitamin D deficient (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations [25(OH)D] 50 nmol LNationally representative food consumption data were collected for Australians aged ≥ 2 years (n = 12,153) as part of the cross-sectional 2011-2013 Australian Health Survey (AHS). New analytical vitamin D food composition data for vitamin DAssuming a 25(OH)D bioactivity factor of 1, mean daily intakes of vitamin D ranged between 1.84 and 3.25 µg dayUsual vitamin D intakes in Australia are low. This evidence, paired with the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Australia, suggests that data-driven nutrition policy is required to safely increase dietary intakes of vitamin D and improve vitamin D status at the population level.
- Published
- 2021
17. Vitamin D composition of Australian game products
- Author
-
Eleanor Dunlop, Carrington C.J. Shepherd, Judy Cunningham, Norbert Strobel, Robyn M. Lucas, and Lucinda J. Black
- Subjects
Australia ,Humans ,Vitamins ,General Medicine ,Vitamin D ,Vitamin D Deficiency ,Calcifediol ,Cholecalciferol ,Food Science ,Analytical Chemistry - Abstract
The vitamin D content of many Australian game products is unknown. These foods are potential sources of vitamin D for remote-dwelling Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, of whom 39% are vitamin D deficient (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D
- Published
- 2022
18. Prevalence and predictors of vitamin D deficiency in a nationally representative sample of adults participating in the 2011–2013 Australian Health Survey
- Author
-
Eva Malacova, Lucinda J Black, Jill Sherriff, Robin M. Daly, Robyn M. Lucas, Eleanor Dunlop, Peihua Rachel Cheang, and Caryl A. Nowson
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,vitamin D deficiency ,Risk Factors ,Environmental health ,Prevalence ,medicine ,Vitamin D and neurology ,Humans ,Vitamin D ,Exercise ,Life Style ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,business.industry ,Public health ,Australia ,Middle Aged ,Vitamin D Deficiency ,medicine.disease ,Health Surveys ,Disease control ,Diet ,Lifestyle factors ,Reference measurement ,Dietary Supplements ,Health survey ,Female ,Seasons ,business - Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is recognised as a public health problem globally, and a high prevalence of deficiency has previously been reported in Australia. This study details the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in a nationally representative sample of Australian adults aged ≥25 years, using an internationally standardised method to measure serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations and identifies demographic and lifestyle factors associated with vitamin D deficiency. We used data from the 2011–2013 Australian Health Survey (n 5034 with complete information on potential predictors and serum 25(OH)D concentrations). Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured by a liquid chromatography-tandem MS that is certified to the reference measurement procedures developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Ghent University and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were defined as serum 25(OH)D concentrations
- Published
- 2019
19. Prevalence and predictors of vitamin D deficiency in a nationally representative sample of Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults
- Author
-
Eleanor Dunlop, Brad M. Farrant, Lucinda J Black, Carrington C. J. Shepherd, Robyn M. Lucas, and Glenn Pearson
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ,Population ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Logistic regression ,vitamin D deficiency ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Vitamin D and neurology ,Prevalence ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Vitamin D ,education ,education.field_of_study ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Nutritional epidemiology ,business.industry ,Public health ,Australia ,medicine.disease ,Vitamin D Deficiency ,Obesity ,Torres strait ,Female ,business ,Demography - Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration n 3250) of Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults aged ≥18 years. We used data from the 2012–2013 Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (AATSIHS). Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem MS. Survey-weighted logistic regression models were used to determine the independent predictors of vitamin D deficiency. Approximately 27 % of adult AATSIHS participants were vitamin D deficient. Vitamin D deficiency was more prevalent in remote areas (39 %) than in non-remote areas (23 %). Independent predictors of vitamin D deficiency included assessment during winter (men, adjusted OR (aOR) 5·7; 95 % CI 2·2, 14·6; women, aOR 2·2; 95 % CI 1·3, 3·8) and spring (men, aOR 3·3; 95 % CI 1·4, 7·5; women, aOR 2·6; 95 % CI 1·5, 4·5) compared with summer, and obesity (men, aOR 2·6; 95 % CI 1·2, 5·4; women, aOR 4·3; 95 % CI 2·8, 6·8) compared with healthy weight. Statistically significant associations were evident for current smokers (men only, aOR 2·0; 95 % CI 1·2, 3·4), remote-dwelling women (aOR 2·0; 95 % CI 1·4, 2·9) and university-educated women (aOR 2·4; 95 % CI 1·2, 4·8). Given the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in this population, strategies to maintain adequate vitamin D status through safe sun exposure and dietary approaches are needed.
- Published
- 2020
20. A proinflammatory diet is associated with an increased likelihood of first clinical diagnosis of central nervous system demyelination in women
- Author
-
Alison Daly, Lucinda J Black, Nitin Shivappa, Michael Phillips, Adriana Mannino, Ingrid van der Mei, Robyn M. Lucas, Fiona E Lithander, Samuel Hoare, Eleanor Dunlop, Anne-Louise Ponsonby, Jill Sherriff, James R. Hébert, and Gavin Pereira
- Subjects
Central Nervous System ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Multiple Sclerosis ,Central nervous system ,Dietary factors ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Inflammation ,business.industry ,Multiple sclerosis ,Dietary intake ,General Medicine ,Odds ratio ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,Diet ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Neurology ,Case-Control Studies ,Clinical diagnosis ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,business - Abstract
Background : While a number of studies have examined associations between dietary factors and risk of multiple sclerosis (MS), little is known about intakes of inflammation-modulating foods and nutrients and risk of MS. Objectives : To test associations between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) and risk of a first clinical diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) demyelination (FCD) (267 cases, 507 controls) using data from the Ausimmune Study. Methods : The 2003-2006 Ausimmune Study was a multicentre, matched, case-control study examining environmental risk factors for an FCD, a common precursor to MS. The DII is a well-recognised tool that categorises individuals’ diets on a continuum from maximally anti-inflammatory to maximally pro-inflammatory. The DII score was calculated from dietary intake data collected using a food frequency questionnaire. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between DII and FCD separately for men and women. Results : In women, a higher DII score was associated with increased likelihood of FCD, with a 17% increase in likelihood of FCD per one-unit increase in DII score (adjusted odds ratio 1.17, 95% confidence interval 1.04-1.33). There was no association between DII and FCD in men (adjusted odds ratio 0.88, 95% confidence interval 0.73-1.07). Conclusions : These findings suggest that a pro-inflammatory diet is associated with an increased likelihood of FCD in women.
- Published
- 2022
21. Efficacy of vitamin D food fortification and biofortification in children and adults: a systematic review protocol
- Author
-
Anthony P. James, Eleanor Dunlop, Lucinda J Black, Mairead Kiely, and Tanya Singh
- Subjects
Vitamin ,Adult ,050402 sociology ,Biofortification ,vitamin D deficiency ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,0504 sociology ,Randomized controlled trial ,Meta-Analysis as Topic ,law ,Environmental health ,Vitamin D and neurology ,Medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Vitamin D ,Child ,General Nursing ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Food fortification ,Vitamins ,medicine.disease ,Vitamin D Deficiency ,Critical appraisal ,Systematic review ,chemistry ,Food, Fortified ,business ,Systematic Reviews as Topic - Abstract
Objective The objective of this review is to assess the effect of vitamin D food fortification and biofortification on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations. Introduction Vitamin D deficiency is a global issue with considerable implications for public health. Many people do not receive sufficient sun exposure for adequate endogenous vitamin D synthesis, nor sufficient dietary vitamin D to meet their requirements. Increasing sun exposure may increase the risk of skin cancer, and vitamin D supplementation is not favored as a population-wide solution. Previous systematic reviews have shown a dose-dependent effect of vitamin D-fortified foods on circulating 25(OH)D concentrations. However, previous reviews did not investigate the efficacy of vitamin D fortification and biofortification in children, and several new fortification and biofortification trials in adults have been published since these earlier systematic reviews were conducted. Inclusion criteria This review will consider randomized controlled trials that investigate the effect of vitamin D food fortification and biofortification on serum 25(OH)D concentrations in children and adults. Methods CINAHL, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and PubMed will be searched for relevant studies published in English. Following a screening of titles and abstracts by a single author, relevant full-text articles will be independently reviewed by two authors. Two authors will independently assess methodological quality using the JBI critical appraisal checklist for randomized controlled trials. Data will be independently extracted by two authors. A meta-analysis will be conducted, and heterogeneity will be statistically tested. Systematic review registration number PROSPERO CRD42020145497.
- Published
- 2020
22. Vitamin D composition of Australian foods
- Author
-
Lucinda J Black, Anthony P. James, Robyn M. Lucas, Caryl A. Nowson, Eleanor Dunlop, Paul Adorno, Paul Atyeo, Judy Cunningham, Anna Rangan, Mairead Kiely, and Norbert Strobel
- Subjects
Vitamin ,01 natural sciences ,Dietary vitamin ,Mass Spectrometry ,Analytical Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,Triple quadrupole mass spectrometry ,Vitamin D and neurology ,Food science ,Vitamin D ,Calcifediol ,Cholecalciferol ,25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2 ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Australia ,Food composition data ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Medicine ,040401 food science ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry ,Ergocalciferols ,Composition (visual arts) ,Food Analysis ,Chromatography, Liquid ,Food Science - Abstract
Australia needs accurate vitamin D food composition data to support public health initiatives. Previously, limitations in analytical methodology have precluded development of a comprehensive database. We used liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-QQQ) to analyse 149 composite samples representing 98 foods (primary samples n = 896) in duplicate for vitamin D3, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3), vitamin D2, 25(OH)D2. The greatest concentrations of vitamin D3 were found in canned salmon and a malted chocolate drink powder (fortified); chicken eggs and chicken leg meat contained the most 25(OH)D3. Margarine (fortified) and chocolate contained the greatest concentrations of vitamin D2, with smaller amounts found in various meat products. 25(OH)D2 was detected in various foods, including meats, and was quantitated in lamb liver. These data advance knowledge of dietary vitamin D in Australia and highlight the importance of analysis of these four forms of vitamin D to accurately represent the vitamin D content of food.
- Published
- 2021
23. Prevalence and Predictors of Vitamin D Deficiency among African Immigrants Living in Australia
- Author
-
Eleanor Dunlop, Gavin Pereira, Lucinda J Black, Robyn M. Lucas, and Kahlea Horton-French
- Subjects
Vitamin ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,030309 nutrition & dietetics ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,media_common.quotation_subject ,vitamin D deficiency ,Immigration ,lcsh:Medicine ,Black People ,Emigrants and Immigrants ,immigrant ,Dietary vitamin ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,symbols.namesake ,0302 clinical medicine ,polycyclic compounds ,medicine ,Vitamin D and neurology ,Prevalence ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Poisson regression ,Vitamin D ,Exercise ,media_common ,Sunlight ,0303 health sciences ,Australian Health Survey ,business.industry ,Public health ,lcsh:R ,African ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Australia ,Vitamins ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,25-hydroxyvitamin D ,chemistry ,symbols ,Female ,Seasons ,business ,Demography - Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations <, 50 nmol/L) is a public health issue in Australia and internationally. Those with darker skin require a greater dose of ultraviolet B radiation from sunlight than those with paler skin to synthesise adequate amounts of vitamin D. Using data from the 2011&ndash, 2013 Australian Health Survey, we investigated the prevalence and predictors of vitamin D deficiency in African immigrants aged &ge, 18 years living in Australia (n = 236). Serum 25(OH)D was measured using a liquid chromatography&ndash, tandem mass spectrometry method that is certified to international reference measurement procedures. Poisson regression was used to investigate independent predictors of vitamin D deficiency. A total of 36% of adults were vitamin D deficient (35% of men, 37% of women). The prevalence ratio (PR) of vitamin D deficiency decreased by 2% per year of age (PR 0.98, 95% CI (0.97, 0.99), p = 0.004) and was 1.6 times higher in those with low/sedentary, compared to moderate/high, physical activity levels (PR 1.64, 95% CI (1.12, 2.39), p = 0.011). The greatest risk was for those assessed during winter/spring compared with summer/autumn (PR 1.89, 95% CI (1.33, 2.64), p <, 0.001). Culturally appropriate messaging on safe sun exposure and dietary vitamin D is warranted in order to promote vitamin D sufficiency in African immigrants living in Australia.
- Published
- 2019
24. Vitamin D Content of Australian Native Food Plants and Australian-Grown Edible Seaweed
- Author
-
Jill Sherriff, Robyn M. Lucas, Lucinda J Black, Laura J. Hughes, Norbert Strobel, Eleanor Dunlop, and Janet F. Bornman
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Vitamin ,lcsh:TX341-641 ,vitamin D ,liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-QQQ) ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Acacia victoriae ,Dry weight ,Tandem Mass Spectrometry ,Pepper ,liquid chromatography ,biochemistry ,Food science ,Backhousia citriodora ,Calcifediol ,25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2 ,algae ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,biology ,plants ,Australia ,serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) ,food and beverages ,biology.organism_classification ,Seaweed ,triple quadrupole ,Edible seaweed ,Plant Leaves ,Lemon myrtle ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Fruit ,Seeds ,Plants, Edible ,Tasmannia lanceolata ,lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,Nutritive Value ,Food Science ,Chromatography, Liquid - Abstract
Vitamin D has previously been quantified in some plants and algae, particularly in leaves of the Solanaceae family. We measured the vitamin D content of Australian native food plants and Australian-grown edible seaweed. Using liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry, 13 samples (including leaf, fruit, and seed) were analyzed in duplicate for vitamin D2, vitamin D3, 25-hydroxyvitamin D2, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3. Five samples contained vitamin D2: raw wattleseed (Acacia victoriae) (0.03 µ, g/100 g dry weight (DW)), fresh and dried lemon myrtle (Backhousia citriodora) leaves (0.03 and 0.24 µ, g/100 g DW, respectively), and dried leaves and berries of Tasmanian mountain pepper (Tasmannia lanceolata) (0.67 and 0.05 µ, g/100 g DW, respectively). Fresh kombu (Lessonia corrugata) contained vitamin D3 (0.01 µ, g/100 g DW). Detected amounts were low, however, it is possible that exposure to ultraviolet radiation may increase the vitamin D content of plants and algae if vitamin D precursors are present.
- Published
- 2018
25. Vitamin D3 and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 Content of Retail White Fish and Eggs in Australia
- Author
-
Robyn M. Lucas, Lucinda J Black, Heather Greenfield, Judy Cunningham, Norbert Strobel, Jill Sherriff, Eleanor Dunlop, and Jayashree Arcot
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Vitamin ,vitamin D3 ,Barramundi ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,lcsh:TX341-641 ,Dietary vitamin ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Fish Products ,eggs ,Vitamin D and neurology ,Animals ,Food science ,Animal Husbandry ,food composition data ,Calcifediol ,Cholecalciferol ,fish ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,biology ,25-hydroxyvitamin D3 ,Australia ,Commerce ,Fishes ,Food composition data ,biology.organism_classification ,chemistry ,Dietary Reference Intake ,%22">Fish ,Sun exposure ,Chickens ,lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,Food Science - Abstract
Dietary vitamin D may compensate for inadequate sun exposure; however, there have been few investigations into the vitamin D content of Australian foods. We measured vitamin D3 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) in four species of white fish (barramundi, basa, hoki and king dory), and chicken eggs (cage and free-range), purchased from five Australian cities. Samples included local, imported and wild-caught fish, and eggs of varying size from producers with a range of hen stocking densities. Raw and cooked samples were analysed using high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array. Limits of reporting were 0.2 and 0.1 μg/100 g for vitamin D3 and 25(OH)D3, respectively. The vitamin D3 content of cooked white fish ranged from
- Published
- 2017
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.