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3. HLTF's Ancient HIRAN Domain Binds 3' DNA Ends to Drive Replication Fork Reversal.

Author

Kile AC, Chavez DA, Bacal J, Eldirany S, Korzhnev DM, Bezsonova I, Eichman BF, and Cimprich KA

Subjects
Amino Acid Sequence, Base Sequence, Binding Sites genetics, Blotting, Western, Cell Line, Tumor, Crystallography, X-Ray, DNA chemistry, DNA genetics, DNA, Single-Stranded chemistry, DNA, Single-Stranded genetics, DNA, Single-Stranded metabolism, DNA-Binding Proteins chemistry, DNA-Binding Proteins genetics, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Models, Genetic, Models, Molecular, Molecular Sequence Data, Mutation, Nucleic Acid Conformation, Protein Binding, Protein Structure, Tertiary, RNA Interference, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid, Transcription Factors chemistry, Transcription Factors genetics, DNA metabolism, DNA Replication, DNA-Binding Proteins metabolism, Transcription Factors metabolism
Abstract

Stalled replication forks are a critical problem for the cell because they can lead to complex genome rearrangements that underlie cell death and disease. Processes such as DNA damage tolerance and replication fork reversal protect stalled forks from these events. A central mediator of these DNA damage responses in humans is the Rad5-related DNA translocase, HLTF. Here, we present biochemical and structural evidence that the HIRAN domain, an ancient and conserved domain found in HLTF and other DNA processing proteins, is a modified oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide (OB) fold that binds to 3' ssDNA ends. We demonstrate that the HIRAN domain promotes HLTF-dependent fork reversal in vitro through its interaction with 3' ssDNA ends found at forks. Finally, we show that HLTF restrains replication fork progression in cells in a HIRAN-dependent manner. These findings establish a mechanism of HLTF-mediated fork reversal and provide insight into the requirement for distinct fork remodeling activities in the cell., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2015
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