341 results on '"Elderly Subjects"'
Search Results
2. Atrial High-Rate Episodes in Elderly Patients: The Anticoagulation Therapy Dilemma.
- Author
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Pimpini, Lorenzo, Biscetti, Leonardo, Matacchione, Giulia, Giammarchi, Cinzia, Barbieri, Michelangela, and Antonicelli, Roberto
- Subjects
- *
OLDER patients , *OLDER people , *ATRIAL fibrillation , *THERAPEUTICS , *ANTICOAGULANTS , *TRANSPOSITION of great vessels - Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) has been associated with higher morbidity and mortality rates, especially in older patients. Subclinical atrial fibrillation (SCAF) is defined as the presence of atrial high-rate episodes (AHREs) > 190 bpm for 10 consecutive beats > 6 min and <24 h, as detected by cardiac implanted electronic devices (CIEDs). The selection of eligible patients for anticoagulation therapy among elderly individuals with AHREs detected through CIEDs remains a contentious issue. The meta-analysis of ARTESiA and NOAH-AFNET 6 clinical trials revealed that taking Edoxaban or Apixaban as oral anticoagulation therapy can reduce the risk of stroke by approximately 32% while increasing the risk of major bleeding by approximately 62%. However, it is still unclear which are, among patients with SCAF, those who can take the highest net clinical benefit from anticoagulant therapy. The present review summarizes the current evidence on this intriguing issue and suggests strategies to try to better stratify the risk of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with AHREs. We propose incorporating some parameters including chronic kidney disease (CKD), obesity, enlarged left atrial volume, the efficacy in blood pressure management, and frailty into the traditional CHA2DS2-VASc score. Future trials will be needed to verify the clinical usefulness of the proposed prognostic score mainly in the view of a personalized therapeutic approach in patients with SCAF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Assessment of the Zulfiqar Frailty Scale (ZFS) in Primary Healthcare.
- Author
-
Zulfiqar, Abrar-Ahmad and Andres, Emmanuel
- Subjects
- *
FRAILTY , *OLDER people , *PEARSON correlation (Statistics) , *GERIATRIC assessment - Abstract
Introduction: The primary aim of the study was to validate the Zulfiqar Frailty Scale (ZFS) and examine its concordance with the modified Short Emergency Geriatric Assessment (mSEGA) scale, Part A. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in Guadeloupe (France) over a two-month duration (from 20 February to 20 April 2024), involving elderly individuals aged 65 and older, deemed self-sufficient with an ADL (Activities of Daily Living) score exceeding four out of six. Results: Within this community cohort of 98 individuals, averaging 75 years in age, frailty according to the modified SEGA criteria was prevalent in 29%. Frailty according to the "ZFS" score was prevalent in 40%. Key predictors of frailty identified in our study included age, comorbidity (Charlson score), polypharmacy (total number of medications and therapeutic classes), and functional ability (ADL scores). Notably, experiences of falls and hospitalizations within the past six months significantly influenced the classification of frailty according to both ZFS and SEGA scales. Significant associations with the presence of home care aides (p < 0.0001), monopodal support test results (p < 0.0001), memory impairments (p < 0.0001), and recent hospitalizations (p = 0.0054) underscored the multidimensional impact of frailty. The Pearson correlation coefficient and its 95% confidence interval between the SEGA and Zulfiqar Frailty Scales stood at 0.73 [0.61: 0.81]. The discernment threshold for frailty was set at three out of six criteria, showcasing a sensitivity of 64% and a negative predictive value of 80%. The area under the curve (AUC) for the Zulfiqar Frailty Scale was reported as 0.8. Conclusion: The "ZFS" tool allows for the detection of frailty with a highly satisfactory sensitivity and negative predictive value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Essai de déconstruction du syndrome de glissement.
- Author
-
Berrut, Gilles
- Abstract
Copyright of Gériatrie et Psychologie Neuropsychiatrie du Vieillissement is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Assessing the Efficacy of the Modified SEGA Frailty (mSEGA) Screening Tool in Predicting 12-Month Morbidity and Mortality among Elderly Emergency Department Visitors.
- Author
-
Zulfiqar, Abrar-Ahmad, Fresne, Mathieu, and Andres, Emmanuel
- Subjects
- *
HOSPITAL emergency services , *FRAILTY , *FRAIL elderly , *GENERAL practitioners , *MEDICAL screening , *SURGICAL emergencies - Abstract
Introduction: Rapid identification of frail elderly individuals upon admission to the emergency department is pivotal for enhancing their care and alleviating emergency room congestion. Objective: This pilot study aims to explore the relationship between morbidity, mortality, and frailty, as assessed by the mSEGA scale, among individuals aged 65 years or older in the emergency department. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a single center. The pilot study included patients aged 65 and above who were admitted to Chaumont Hospital's emergency unit (Haute-Marne department) for medical and/or surgical reasons between 1 July 2017 and 31 January 2018. Data encompassed socio-demographic characteristics, medical profiles, and emergency department visit details. Outcomes for patients one year post-admission were obtained through consultation with their respective general practitioners. Results: A total of 255 subjects participated, with a mean age of 82.1 ± 8.2 years. Primary admission reasons were falls (n = 51, 20.0%), digestive issues (excluding hemorrhage) (n = 30, 11.8%), and "other" causes (n = 61, 23.9%). Among participants, 78 (30.6%) scored ≤8 on the mSEGA frailty scale, 49 (19.2%) scored 9 to 11, and 125 (50.2%) scored ≥12. Concerning post-emergency department outcomes, 152 patients (59.6%) were hospitalized, while 103 (40.4%) were discharged. No deaths were reported during the study period, and vital status was known for all subjects at the one-year mark. At that point, 63 out of 255 patients had passed away, with 30 of them being readmitted to the emergency department either before or at the time of their one-year death. The 12-month survival rate analysis based on frailty status revealed a significant difference. Low-frailty patients exhibited a survival rate of 87.2% (95% CI; [77.5–92.9]), whereas frail/very frail patients had a survival rate of 70.0% (95% CI; [62.7–76.2]). Similarly, the 12-month readmission-free survival rate demonstrated statistically significant disparities. Low-frailty patients had a rate of 76.9% (95% CI; [65.9–84.8]), compared to 51.4% (95% CI; [43.8–58.5]) for very frail patients. Conclusion: Utilizing the mSEGA frailty scale in the Emergency Department could provide crucial prognostic insights, highlighting significant differences in 12-month survival and readmission-free survival rates based on frailty status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Sujeito-Velho e Pandemia: modos de subjetivação e controle da vida.
- Author
-
Picanço Duarte, Jaira and Corrêa Henning, Paula
- Subjects
- *
OLDER people , *SUBJECTIVITY - Abstract
This article proposed to analyze the discourses of truths seen on the Web site Portal do Envelhecimento that have been subjecting the elderly subjects in the period of the covid-19 pandemic in Brazil. The theoretical field undertaken in this study refers, principally, to Michel Foucault's studies regarding discussions about subject and subjectivity. How discourses of truth are composed on the subject of health and old age of the population are problematized. It is a question of scrutinizing the reports of the Portal do Envelhecimento that focus on the pandemic and old age. The time frame of the analytical study comprises materials from 2019 to 2021. We look at the strategies that media produces and promotes, such as habits and lifestyles, modifying the subjects, defining conducts, and creating control and regulatory approaches for the elderly population. However, it is also seen that the stories can contribute to the elderly thinking about the problems they face, the health experiences they have, and the possible ways of dealing with what affects them. It is about aiming carefully and with the Foucaultian scope how elders reach old age in this pandemic time we are going through. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Association among Olfactory Function, Lifestyle and BMI in Female and Male Elderly Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Study.
- Author
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Sollai, Giorgia and Crnjar, Roberto
- Abstract
Physical activities seem to counteract the age-related physiological decline of the olfactory function which, influencing the food choices and eating behavior, can affect the body weight of individuals. The main purpose of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the relationships between olfactory function and BMI in female and male Elderly Subjects (ES), according to the level of their lifestyle activities in physical, cognitive, and social terms. Considering weekly physical activities, the adult elderlies who decided to participate in this study were divided into active ES (n = 65) and non-active ES (n = 68). Assessment of weekly activities and olfactory function were performed by means of face-to-face interviews and the "Sniffin' Sticks" battery test, respectively. The results show that ES who are overweight and with a non-active lifestyle achieved lower TDI olfactory scores than normal weight ES and those classified as active. Hyposmic and non-active ES showed a higher BMI than normosmic and active ES. Sex-related differences, with females performing better than males, were evident in the presence of at least one of the following conditions: non-activity, hyposmia, or overweight. Inverse correlations were found between BMI and TDI olfactory score and between BMI and hours/week spent on physical activities, both when subjects were considered all together and when they were divided into females and males. These findings suggest that a higher BMI is related to the olfactory dysfunction linked to active or non-active lifestyle and the sex-related differences, and the condition of hyposmia is related to the increase in body weight due to lifestyle and sex differences. Given that the relationship between BMI and non-exercise physical activities is comparable to that between BMI and exercise physical activities, and this may be of particular importance for ES with limited mobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Protective and therapeutic potentials of HDL and ApoA1 in COVID-19 elderly and chronic illness patients
- Author
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Mohamed Aly AbdelHafez
- Subjects
COVID-19 ,HDL-Apo-lipoprotein A1 ,Elderly subjects ,Chronic illness ,Hemoglobin-haptoglobin-hemopexin ,Apo-A1 mimetic peptide D-4F ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Elderly subjects, obese, and patients with chronic illnesses, are the most affected group. HDL has pleiotropic physiological functions that are affected with alteration(s) in its structure. Main text Inflammation whether septic, immune, or other affects HDL structure and function. COVID-19 is associated with systemic immune-inflammation due to cytokine surge. Viral interaction with erythrocytes and hemoglobin-related compounds (may cause anemia and hypoxia) and other factors may affect HDL function. Trials have been conducted to resume HDL functions using peptide preparation, nutritional, and herbal elements. Conclusions In this review article, I’ll discuss the use of reconstituted HDL (rHDL), Apo-A1 mimetic peptide D-4F, ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and the powdered roots and/or extract of Saussurea lappa (costus) to avoid comorbidity and mortality of COVID-19 in patients with chronic illness or elderly-age mortality.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Sleep in Elderly Adults and in Subjects with Dementia
- Author
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Frohnhofen, Helmut, Hermann, Dirk M., DelRosso, Lourdes M., editor, and Ferri, Raffaele, editor
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Zulfiqar Frailty Scale (ZFS): Concordance Study with the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS).
- Author
-
Zulfiqar, Abrar-Ahmad, Martin, Léo, Habchi, Perla, Massimbo, Delwende Noaga Damien, Dembele, Ibrahima Amadou, and Andres, Emmanuel
- Subjects
PRIMARY care ,OUTPATIENT medical care ,TREATMENT duration ,ACTIVITIES of daily living ,HEALTH of older people - Abstract
Introduction: We designed a new scale for the rapid detection of frailty for use in primary care, referred to as the Zulfiqar Frailty Scale (ZFS). Objective: To evaluate the performance of the "ZFS" tool to screen for frailty as defined in the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) criteria in an ambulatory population of patients at least 75 years old. Method: A prospective study conducted in Alsace, France, for a duration of 6 months that included patients aged 75 and over was judged to be autonomous with an ADL (Activity of Daily Living) > 4/6. Results: In this ambulatory population of 124 patients with an average age of 79 years, the completion time for our scale was less than two minutes, and the staff required no training beforehand. Sensibility was 67%, while specificity was 87%. The positive predictive value was 80%, and the negative predictive value was 77%. The Youden index was 59.8%. In our study, we have a moderate correlation between CFS and ZFS (r = 0.674 with 95%CI = [0.565; 0.760]; p-value < 2.2 × 10
−16 < 0.05). The Pearson correlations between these two geriatric scores were all strong and roughly equivalent to each other. The kappa of Cohen (k) = 0.46 (Unweighted), moderate concordance between the ZFS and CFS scales according to Fleiss classification. Conclusion: The "ZFS" tool makes it possible to screen for frailty with a high level of specificity and positive/negative predictive value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Polypharmacy-related polypathology in the elderly: A case study at Ibn Sina Hospital, Morocco.
- Author
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Bouaoudate, Mostafa, harti, Jaouad El, Abouqal, Redouane, Abidi, Khalid, and Zeggwagh, Amine Ali
- Subjects
- *
OLDER people , *PATIENT compliance , *ECONOMIC status , *HOSPITALS , *TREATMENT effectiveness , *PATHOLOGICAL laboratories , *SPECIALTY pharmacies - Abstract
Purpose: To determine the polypathological and therapeutic profiles of a population of elderly subjects at the Ibn Sina Hospital, Rabat, Morocco. Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional observational study on a population made up of 356 patients aged = 65 years. Data were collected from different departments during the study period, regarding age, sex, educational level, socio-cultural and economic status, self-care ability, polypathologies, polymedication, effectiveness of treatments, adverse effects, and knowledge of the concept of generic medication. The results, which are presented in percentages and simple averages, were processed with Excel 2016 software. Results: Patients aged 66 - 75 years comprised 60.4 % of the studied population. The most common pathologies were diabetes, asthma, and cardiovascular disease. A total of 237 patients (66.6 %) took < 6 drugs, while 119 patients (33.4 %) were on polypharmacy, i.e., > 6 drugs. The elderly were more vulnerable to polypathology and polypharmacy due to age-related reduction in physiological functions and their impact on pharmacological parameters. Polypathology led to polypharmacy which increased the risk of side effects and problems with adherence to medications. Conclusion: This study provides information on the pathological profiles of a population of elderly subjects in a Moroccan hospital, and details of the therapeutic strategies used in managing these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Hydrogel Dressing Containing Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Accelerating Chronic Wound Healing in Aged Mouse Model.
- Author
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Xiao, Yonghao, Zhao, Hui, Ma, Xiaoyu, Gu, Zongheng, Wu, Xin, Zhao, Liang, Ye, Lin, and Feng, Zengguo
- Subjects
- *
FIBROBLAST growth factor 2 , *HYDROCOLLOID surgical dressings , *FIBROBLAST growth factors , *CHRONIC wounds & injuries , *WOUND healing , *LABORATORY mice - Abstract
Due to the decreasing self-repairing ability, elder people are easier to form chronic wounds and suffer from slow and difficult wound healing. It is desirable to develop a novel wound dressing that can accelerate chronic wound healing in elderly subjects to decrease the pain of patients and save medical resources. In this work, Heparin and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) were dissolved in the mixing solution of 4-arm acrylated polyethylene glycol and dithiothreitol to form hydrogel dressing in vitro at room temperature without any catalysts, which is convenient and easy to handle in clinic application. In vitro re-lease test shows the bFGF could be continuously released for at least 7 days, whereas the dressing surface integrity maintained for 3 days degradation in PBS solution. Three groups of treatments including bFGF-Gel, bFGF-Sol and control without any treatment were applied on the full-thickness wound on the 22 months old mice back. The wound closure rate and histological and immunohistochemical staining all illustrated that bFGF-Gel displayed a better wound healing effect than the other two groups. Thus, as-prepared hydrogel dressing seems supe-rior to current clinical treatment and more effective in elderly subjects, which shows promising potential to be applied in the clinic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Volatile Composition and Sensory Profile of Lactose-Free Kefir, and Its Acceptability by Elderly Consumers.
- Author
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Rutkowska, Jaroslawa, Antoniewska-Krzeska, Agata, Żbikowska, Anna, Cazón, Patricia, and Vázquez, Manuel
- Subjects
- *
OLDER people , *CONSUMERS , *KEFIR , *SWEETNESS (Taste) , *FOOD aroma , *ACETIC acid - Abstract
Lactose-free products are crucial in the diet of lactose-intolerant elderly consumers, one of them being kefir due to its unique chemical composition and diversity of valuable microflora. The study aimed at determining the volatile compound profile and the corresponding sensory attributes of lactose-free kefir (LFK) as compared with the traditional one (TK). The perception of main sensory attributes and hedonic acceptability of LFK by elderly were also studied. The LFK contained two times more ketones, especially 3-hydroxy-2-butanone and 2,3-butanedione, that probably contributed to the high intensity of creamy aroma. A substantial share of acetic acid in LFK was not associated with high intensity of sour aroma, probably being masked by the creamy aroma, perceived as dominating. LFK was sensed as sweeter and more milky than the traditional one. The intense sweet taste of LFK was due to higher amounts of glucose and galactose than in TK, and was perceived as "just about right" by 63% of elderly subjects in the just-about-right (JAR) scale. The lower acidity of LFK than that of TK, assayed both instrumentally and by sensory assessment, was highly appreciated by 73% of elderly subjects as "just about right" in JAR scale. These two taste attributes dominated in liking the lactose-free kefir by elderly subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Protective and therapeutic potentials of HDL and ApoA1 in COVID-19 elderly and chronic illness patients.
- Author
-
AbdelHafez, Mohamed Aly
- Subjects
- *
COVID-19 , *OLDER patients , *SARS-CoV-2 , *CHRONIC diseases , *ERYTHROCYTES , *APOLIPOPROTEIN A , *UNSATURATED fatty acids - Abstract
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Elderly subjects, obese, and patients with chronic illnesses, are the most affected group. HDL has pleiotropic physiological functions that are affected with alteration(s) in its structure. Main text: Inflammation whether septic, immune, or other affects HDL structure and function. COVID-19 is associated with systemic immune-inflammation due to cytokine surge. Viral interaction with erythrocytes and hemoglobin-related compounds (may cause anemia and hypoxia) and other factors may affect HDL function. Trials have been conducted to resume HDL functions using peptide preparation, nutritional, and herbal elements. Conclusions: In this review article, I'll discuss the use of reconstituted HDL (rHDL), Apo-A1 mimetic peptide D-4F, ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and the powdered roots and/or extract of Saussurea lappa (costus) to avoid comorbidity and mortality of COVID-19 in patients with chronic illness or elderly-age mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Blink reflex recovery cycle distinguishes patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus from elderly subjects.
- Author
-
Mechelli, Alessandro, Quattrone, Andrea, Nisticò, Rita, Crasà, Marianna, La Torre, Domenico, Vescio, Basilio, and Quattrone, Aldo
- Subjects
- *
BLINKING (Physiology) , *HYDROCEPHALUS , *PARKINSON'S disease , *INTERSTIMULUS interval , *OLDER people - Abstract
Background: The R2 component of blink reflex recovery cycle (R2BRrc) is a simple neurophysiological tool to detect the brainstem hyperexcitability commonly occurring in several neurological diseases such as Parkinson's disease and atypical parkinsonisms. In our study, we investigated for the first time the usefulness of R2BRrc to assess brainstem excitability in patients with idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (iNPH) in comparison with healthy subjects. Methods: Eighteen iNPH patients and 25 age-matched control subjects were enrolled. R2BRrc was bilaterally evaluated at interstimulus intervals (ISIs) of 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 750 ms in all participants. We investigated the diagnostic performance of R2BRrc in differentiating iNPH patients from control subjects using ROC analysis. Midbrain area and Magnetic Resonance Hydrocephalic Index (MRHI), an MRI biomarker for the diagnosis of iNPH, were measured on T1-weighted MR images, and correlations between R2BRrc values and MRI measurements were investigated. Results: Fourteen (78%) of 18 iNPH patients showed an enhanced R2BRrc at ISIs 100–150–200 ms, while no control subjects had abnormal R2BRrc. The mean amplitude of bilateral R2BRrc at the shortest ISIs (100–150–200 ms) showed high accuracy in differentiating iNPH patients from controls (AUC = 0.89). R2BRrc values significantly correlated with midbrain area and MRHI values. Conclusions: This study represents the first evidence of brainstem hyperexcitability in iNPH patients. Given its low cost and wide availability, R2BRrc could be a useful tool for selecting elderly subjects with mild gait and urinary dysfunction who should undergo an extensive diagnostic workup for the diagnosis of NPH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Zulfiqar Frailty Scale (ZFS): Concordance Study with the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS)
- Author
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Abrar-Ahmad Zulfiqar, Léo Martin, Perla Habchi, Delwende Noaga Damien Massimbo, Ibrahima Amadou Dembele, and Emmanuel Andres
- Subjects
Zulfiqar Frailty Scale (ZFS) ,elderly subjects ,Clinical Frailty Scale ,prevention ,primary care ,Medicine - Abstract
Introduction: We designed a new scale for the rapid detection of frailty for use in primary care, referred to as the Zulfiqar Frailty Scale (ZFS). Objective: To evaluate the performance of the “ZFS” tool to screen for frailty as defined in the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) criteria in an ambulatory population of patients at least 75 years old. Method: A prospective study conducted in Alsace, France, for a duration of 6 months that included patients aged 75 and over was judged to be autonomous with an ADL (Activity of Daily Living) > 4/6. Results: In this ambulatory population of 124 patients with an average age of 79 years, the completion time for our scale was less than two minutes, and the staff required no training beforehand. Sensibility was 67%, while specificity was 87%. The positive predictive value was 80%, and the negative predictive value was 77%. The Youden index was 59.8%. In our study, we have a moderate correlation between CFS and ZFS (r = 0.674 with 95%CI = [0.565; 0.760]; p-value < 2.2 × 10−16 < 0.05). The Pearson correlations between these two geriatric scores were all strong and roughly equivalent to each other. The kappa of Cohen (k) = 0.46 (Unweighted), moderate concordance between the ZFS and CFS scales according to Fleiss classification. Conclusion: The “ZFS” tool makes it possible to screen for frailty with a high level of specificity and positive/negative predictive value.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Comparative effect of foam roller and M2T blade on hamstring flexibility in elderly population: A randomized control trial
- Author
-
Tanvi Pathania and Anil R Muragod
- Subjects
Elderly subjects ,foam roller ,hamstring tightness ,M2T blade ,static stretching ,Medicine - Abstract
The joints become stiffer and less flexible as we tend to age. Hamstring muscle is one of the common muscles found to be tight in an individual and is the potential cause for low back issues altering the lumbopelvic rhythm in them. Various studies have compared numerous techniques to see which technique is best for increasing joint range of motion. However, there is dearth of literature on use of foam roller and M2T blade on hamstring tightness in elderly. In this study, we have compared the effect of static stretching, foam roller, and M2T blade on hamstring tightness in elderly subjects. This is a randomized control trial included 45 subjects with hamstring flexibility with age of 65–75 years both males and females. The participants were randomly allocated into three groups. Group A received static stretching, Group B received foam roller, and Group C received M2T blade for 4 weeks three times a week. Pre- and post-intervention values of passive knee extension (PKE) and sit and reach test (SRT) were observed. The results showed within-group improvements in static stretching, foam roller, and M2T blade which was statistically significant (P < 0.001). However, between-group comparison showed significant difference between foam roller and M2T blade, with P = 0.000 and 0.044 for PKE and P = 0.000 and 0.004, respectively, for SRT. Comparison between groups revealed M2T group to be more effective than foam roller.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Hydrogel Dressing Containing Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Accelerating Chronic Wound Healing in Aged Mouse Model
- Author
-
Yonghao Xiao, Hui Zhao, Xiaoyu Ma, Zongheng Gu, Xin Wu, Liang Zhao, Lin Ye, and Zengguo Feng
- Subjects
hydrogel dressing ,bFGF ,chronic wound healing ,sustainable release ,elderly subjects ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Due to the decreasing self-repairing ability, elder people are easier to form chronic wounds and suffer from slow and difficult wound healing. It is desirable to develop a novel wound dressing that can accelerate chronic wound healing in elderly subjects to decrease the pain of patients and save medical resources. In this work, Heparin and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) were dissolved in the mixing solution of 4-arm acrylated polyethylene glycol and dithiothreitol to form hydrogel dressing in vitro at room temperature without any catalysts, which is convenient and easy to handle in clinic application. In vitro re-lease test shows the bFGF could be continuously released for at least 7 days, whereas the dressing surface integrity maintained for 3 days degradation in PBS solution. Three groups of treatments including bFGF-Gel, bFGF-Sol and control without any treatment were applied on the full-thickness wound on the 22 months old mice back. The wound closure rate and histological and immunohistochemical staining all illustrated that bFGF-Gel displayed a better wound healing effect than the other two groups. Thus, as-prepared hydrogel dressing seems supe-rior to current clinical treatment and more effective in elderly subjects, which shows promising potential to be applied in the clinic.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Volatile Composition and Sensory Profile of Lactose-Free Kefir, and Its Acceptability by Elderly Consumers
- Author
-
Jaroslawa Rutkowska, Agata Antoniewska-Krzeska, Anna Żbikowska, Patricia Cazón, and Manuel Vázquez
- Subjects
lactose-free kefir ,volatile compounds ,sensory attributes ,just-about-right scale ,consumer preferences ,elderly subjects ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Lactose-free products are crucial in the diet of lactose-intolerant elderly consumers, one of them being kefir due to its unique chemical composition and diversity of valuable microflora. The study aimed at determining the volatile compound profile and the corresponding sensory attributes of lactose-free kefir (LFK) as compared with the traditional one (TK). The perception of main sensory attributes and hedonic acceptability of LFK by elderly were also studied. The LFK contained two times more ketones, especially 3-hydroxy-2-butanone and 2,3-butanedione, that probably contributed to the high intensity of creamy aroma. A substantial share of acetic acid in LFK was not associated with high intensity of sour aroma, probably being masked by the creamy aroma, perceived as dominating. LFK was sensed as sweeter and more milky than the traditional one. The intense sweet taste of LFK was due to higher amounts of glucose and galactose than in TK, and was perceived as “just about right” by 63% of elderly subjects in the just-about-right (JAR) scale. The lower acidity of LFK than that of TK, assayed both instrumentally and by sensory assessment, was highly appreciated by 73% of elderly subjects as “just about right” in JAR scale. These two taste attributes dominated in liking the lactose-free kefir by elderly subjects.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Propensity-Adjusted Comparison of Mortality of Elderly Versus Very Elderly Ventilated Patients.
- Author
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Wernly, Bernhard, Bruno, Raphael Romano, Frutos-Vivar, Fernando, Peñuelas, Oscar, Rezar, Richard, Raymondos, Konstantinos, Muriel, Alfonso, Bin Du, Thille, Arnaud W., Ríos, Fernando, González, Marco, del-Sorbo, Lorenzo, Marín, Maria del Carmen, Pinheiro, Bruno Valle, Soares, Marco Antonio, Nin, Nicolas, Maggiore, Salvatore M., Bersten, Andrew, Kelm, Malte, and Amin, Pravin
- Subjects
MORTALITY risk factors ,STATISTICS ,SURVIVAL ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,ANALYSIS of variance ,MORTALITY ,MULTIPLE regression analysis ,AGE distribution ,RETROSPECTIVE studies ,ARTIFICIAL respiration ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,RISK assessment ,CRITICAL care medicine ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,DATA analysis ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,ODDS ratio ,DATA analysis software ,LONGITUDINAL method ,OLD age - Abstract
BACKGROUND: The growing proportion of elderly intensive care patients constitutes a public health challenge. The benefit of critical care in these patients remains unclear. We compared outcomes in elderly versus very elderly subjects receiving mechanical ventilation. METHODS: In total, 5,557 mechanically ventilated subjects were included in our post hoc retrospective analysis, a subgroup of the VENTILA study. We divided the cohort into 2 subgroups on the basis of age: very elderly subjects (age ≥ 80 y; n = 1,430), and elderly subjects (age 65-79 y; n = 4,127). A propensity score on being very elderly was calculated. Evaluation of associations with 28-d mortality was done with logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Very elderly subjects were clinically sicker as expressed by higher SAPS II scores (53 ± 18 vs 50 ± 18, P < .001), and their rates of plateau pressure < 30 cm H
2 O were higher, whereas other parameters did not differ. The 28-d mortality was higher in very elderly subjects (42% vs 34%, P < .001) and remained unchanged after propensity score adjustment (adjusted odds ratio 1.31 [95% CI 1.16-1.49], P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Age was an independent and unchangeable risk factor for death in mechanically ventilated subjects. However, survival rates of very elderly subjects were > 50%. Denial of critical care based solely on age is not justified. (ClinicalTrials.gov registration NCT02731898.) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Particulate Air Pollution, Ambulatory Heart Rate Variability, and Cardiac Arrhythmia in Retirement Community Residents with Coronary Artery Disease
- Author
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Bartell, Scott M, Longhurst, John, Tjoa, Thomas, Sioutas, Constantinos, and Delfino, Ralph J
- Subjects
Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia ,Cardioverter-Defibrillators ,Myocardial-Infarction ,Oxidative Stress ,Elderly Subjects ,Association ,Exposure ,Matter ,Aerosols ,Inflammation - Published
- 2013
22. Safety of bronchodilator reversibility test in elderly subjects: a prospective study.
- Author
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Dor-Wojnarowska, Anna, Parużyńska, Anna, Kulczak, Aleksandra, Majewska-Pulsakowska, Marta, Szymala-Pędzik, Małgorzata, Machaj, Zbigniew, Sobieszczańska, Małgorzata, and Poręba, Małgorzata
- Subjects
- *
VENTILATION , *BRONCHOCONSTRICTOR agents , *ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY , *BRONCHODILATOR agents , *HISTORY of medicine - Abstract
Introduction: The reversibility test measures an increase in ventilation parameters after the administration of 400 μg of a short-acting β-agonist (SABA). It is worth noting that a typical dosage, applied as a rescue medicine for bronchospastic dyspnoea, is significantly less, i.e., 100-200 μg. Aim: To assess the effects of inhaled 400 μg fenoterol (in the bronchodilator reversibility test) on the heart rate and the development of tachyarrhythmias in subjects aged 65 and above. Material and methods: A total of 53 subjects (45 women) aged 77; 68-82 (median; interquartile range) in stable clinical condition were included in the study. Data including medical history, physical examinations, blood biochemistry, chest X-ray, 12-lead electrocardiogram, 24-hour Holter ECG monitoring, bronchodilator test, and echocardiography were obtained. During the Holter ECG monitoring, the bronchodilator test using 400 μg fenoterol (Berotec pMDI) was performed. Results: A slight but statistically significant (p = 0.02) increase in heart rate from 71 to 75 per min (median) was noted after the administration of fenoterol. No statistically significant differences were found in the number of extrasystolic beats of either supraventricular (p = 0.42) or ventricular origin (p = 0.50). In addition, the subjects did not show any potentially dangerous arrhythmias or significant signs of coronary artery disease. However, there was a significant increase in the number of supraventricular beats in the subjects who were not taking β-blockers. Conclusions: The use of 400 μg fenoterol in a bronchodilator reversibility test in elderly subjects does not entail any significant cardiovascular risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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23. Acetabular fractures in the elderly ( 60 years old): Apropos of 33 cases
- Author
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Mohamed Moustapha Pefakouo Touondounko, David Jimnah Nkuyi Ekondo, Souleymane Thierno Bah, Driss Oudrhiri, Kabwe Chipalo, Hatim Abid, El Idrissi Mohamed, El Ibrahimi Abdelhalim, and El Mrini Abdelmajid
- Subjects
fractures ,acetabulum ,elderly subjects ,Medicine - Abstract
Acetabular fractures in the elderly are serious fractures because they affect a deep, load-bearing and at first difficult surgical joint, all complicated by an osteoporotic tissue condition. We conducted a retrospective descriptive study over 10 years (January 2010 to January 2020, including 33 patients aged 60 years with acetabular fractures treated at the Orthopedics and Traumatology Department B4 of CHU Hassan II Fes. The aim was to study the types of fractures and to evaluate their treatment as well as the functional result obtained in order to compare them with those of the literature. We collected the data using an exploitation sheet and their analysis was facilitated by the EPI info7 statistical analysis software. The average age of our patients was 65.5 years, with a clear male predominance. Road Traffic Accidents represented the main etiology (72.7%), and the left side was the most affected 54.5%. The para-clinical assessment, based on the Anteroposterior iliac and obturator radiological views and confronted with the CT scan made it possible to pose the diagnosis of the fracture, to establish the type according to the Judet and Letournel classification of acetabular fractures, and to evaluate the displacement and articular congruence according to the Duquennoy and Coll criteria as well as those of Matta. Elementary fractures were the most frequent at 54.5%. We opted for orthopedic treatment in 72.7% of the cases with none weight bearing in 62.5%; whereas the surgical treatment was carried out in 27.3% with the use of the special acetabular plate in 66.7% of the operated cases. The Kocher-Langenbeck posterior approach was the most used (66.7%). The vertical congruence between the femoral head and the roof of the acetabulum after reduction was satisfactory in 27.3% of the cases and the horizontal congruence between the femoral head and the entire acetabulum in 18.2% of the cases. In our series, we noted as a complication 12 cases of post-traumatic osteoarthritis, ie 36.3%. The results according to the Postel Merle d´Aubignè score at an average follow-up of 62 months were satisfactory (excellent, very good and good) in 27.3% of the cases and unsatisfactory (fair, poor and bad) in 72.7% cases. The surgical management of fractures of the acetabulum in elderly and osteoporotic patients remains subject to controversy and is not entirely satisfactory. Would not primary arthroplasty combined with open reduction internal fixation constitute a better management approach in old people?
- Published
- 2020
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24. The level of independence in daily functioning of the elderly in home environments
- Author
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Bożena Zboina, Barbara Ślusarska, Renata Stępień, Grzegorz Nowicki, and Grażyna Wiraszka
- Subjects
EASY-Care questionnaire ,home environment ,elderly subjects ,Medicine - Published
- 2018
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25. Influenza vaccine effectiveness among high-risk groups: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies
- Author
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Vincenzo Restivo, Claudio Costantino, Stefania Bono, Marialuisa Maniglia, Valentina Marchese, Gianmarco Ventura, Alessandra Casuccio, Fabio Tramuto, and Francesco Vitale
- Subjects
children ,chronic disease ,effectiveness ,elderly subjects ,health care worker ,hospitalization ,influenza ,pregnancy ,vaccine ,visit ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Vaccination represents the most effective intervention to prevent infection, hospitalization and mortality due to influenza. This meta-analysis quantifies data reporting influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) on influenza visits and hospitalizations of case-control and cohort studies among high-risk groups. A systematic literature review including original articles published between 2007 and 2016, using a protocol registered on Prospero with No. 42017054854, and a meta-analysis were conducted. For 3 high-risk groups (subjects with underlying health conditions, pregnant women and health care workers) only a qualitative evaluation was performed. The VE quantitative analysis demonstrated a clear significant overall effect of 39% (95%CI: 32–46%) for visits and 57% (95%CI: 30–74%) for hospitalization among children. Considering the elderly influenza VE had a clear effect of 25% (95%CI: 6–40%) for visits and 14% (95%CI: 7–21%; p
- Published
- 2018
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26. Association of Biomarkers of Systemic Inflammation with Organic Components and Source Tracers in Quasi-Ultrafine Particles
- Author
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Delfino, Ralph J, Staimer, Norbert, Tjoa, Thomas, Arhami, Mohammad, Polidori, Andrea, Gillen, Daniel L, Kleinman, Michael T, Schauer, James J, and Sioutas, Constantinos
- Subjects
coronary-heart-disease ,particulate air-pollution ,st-segment depression ,source apportionment ,fine particulate ,artery-disease ,cardiovascular health ,myocardial-infarction ,personal exposure ,elderly subjects - Published
- 2010
27. Use of High-Sensitive cTn Assays for the Evaluation of Patients Potentially at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease
- Author
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Eggers, Kai M., Venge, Per, Maisel, Alan S., editor, and Jaffe, Allan S., editor
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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28. Impacts of Toothbrushing Frequency on Periodontal Findings in a Group of Elderly Lithuanians.
- Author
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Vysniauskaite, Sonata and Vehkalahti, Miira M.
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DENTAL plaque ,PERIODONTAL pockets ,DENTAL clinics ,REGRESSION analysis - Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the severity of the findings of dental plaque, calculus and deepened periodontal pockets in relation to self-reported toothbrushing frequency in a group of elderly Lithuanians. The authors hypothesised that those reporting twice daily toothbrushing exhibit less severe periodontal findings. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study of 94 dentate patients aged 60 or older was conducted at two public dental offices in Lithuania. Half-mouth recordings of dental plaque, calculus and deepened periodontal pockets were expressed as mean values per subject. These indicators described the severity of periodontal findings. A self-administered questionnaire provided information on toothbrushing frequency, age, gender and education. Statistical evaluation included chi-square test, analysis of variance and logistic regression. Results: None of the subjects were plaque-, calculus- or pocket-free. Of all, 26% reported that they brushed their teeth at least twice daily, 36% once daily and 38% less frequently. Women (P = 0.004), younger (P = 0.002) and higher educated respondents (P < 0.001) reported twice daily toothbrushing more frequently than did their counterparts. Twice daily toothbrushing was clearly associated with the least severe conditions regarding dental plaque (P = 0.03) and deepened pockets (P < 0.001), but not calculus (P = 0.39). Logistic regression models revealed higher level of education as the strongest factor odds ratio (OR = 2.7; P = 0.04) explaining the lowest scores of dental plaque. Higher frequency of toothbrushing was the strongest factor (OR = 2.1; P = 0.03) to explain the lowest scores of deepened periodontal pockets.. Conclusion: Twice daily toothbrushing contributes to better periodontal health in the elderly subjects and should be encouraged at every dental appointment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
29. A ten-year cross-sectional and follow-up study of salivary flow rates and mutans streptococci and lactobacillus counts in elderly Swedish individuals.
- Author
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Fure, Solveig
- Subjects
SALIVA ,STREPTOCOCCUS ,LACTOBACILLUS ,HEALTH of older people ,SALIVA microbiology ,AGE distribution ,ANALYSIS of variance ,BACTERIAL growth ,COMPARATIVE studies ,DENTURES ,HYDROGEN-ion concentration ,LONGITUDINAL method ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL cooperation ,METABOLISM ,MICROBIOLOGICAL techniques ,REGRESSION analysis ,RESEARCH ,STATISTICAL sampling ,SEX distribution ,STREPTOCOCCUS mutans ,EVALUATION research ,DISEASE incidence ,CROSS-sectional method ,XEROSTOMIA - Abstract
Purpose: The whole salivary flow rates and microbial conditions were examined in a 10-year follow-up and cross-sectional study in a random sample of elderly inhabitants of Gothenburg.Material and Methods: Of the 208 individuals examined at baseline, forty-nine per cent participated in the follow-up, 56, 37 and nine persons, respectively, in the age groups of 65, 75 and 85 years. In addition, a new random sample of 98 individuals aged 55 year was examined.Results: The mean secretion rate decreased significantly with increasing age in terms of unstimulated and stimulated whole saliva. Of the 200 participants, 50% were taking medication, which could have hyposalivatory side-effects. Persons with a daily intake of > or =4 drugs had significantly lower unstimulated and stimulated secretion rates. Forty-five persons reported subjective dryness in the mouth. The mean saliva secretion rates among these persons were significantly lower and the number of drugs consumed significantly higher than in people with no such complaints. The overall salivary counts of lactobacilli and mutants streptococci increased with age. Higher counts of these bacteria were found in persons wearing removable dentures than in persons without dentures.Conclusion: The salivary and microbial conditions ought to be continuously monitored in old people, in order to identify those who need oral health promotive measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2003
30. Effects of Milk or Soy Milk Combined with Mild Resistance Exercise on the Muscle Mass and Muscle Strength in Very Old Nursing Home Residents with Sarcopenia
- Author
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Feng-YI Chiang, Jiun-Rong Chen, Wei-Ju Lee, and Suh-Ching Yang
- Subjects
sarcopenia ,milk ,soy milk ,mild resistance exercise ,elderly subjects ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
Background and aims: Sarcopenia is recognized as a major public health issue, because it is prevalent in the elderly, especially those who live in long-term care facilities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the beneficial effects of milk or soy milk combined with resistance exercise on the muscle mass and muscle strength of individual elderly nursing home residents with sarcopenia. Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial (clincaltrials.gov as NCT05035121) that recruited very old (>75 years) subjects with sarcopenia in a nursing home (Su-Ao and Yuanshan Branches, Taipei Veterans General Hospital) from June to December 2017. Thirty-five elderly (84.9 ± 6.1 years old) subjects were recruited and divided into three groups: control (n = 12), milk supplemented (n = 12), and soy milk supplemented (n = 11). All participants joined a mild resistance exercise training program three times a week (30 min/time). Moreover, elderly subjects in the milk and soy milk groups drank 200 mL of milk or soy milk for breakfast and as a snack after exercise. Results: After 12 weeks, compared to the baseline, calf circumferences had significantly increased in the control and soy milk groups (p = 0.0362 and p = 0.0197, respectively). Hand grip strength had significantly improved in the milk and soy milk groups (p = 0.0407 and p = 0.0096, respectively). In addition, there was no difference among the three groups. Conclusions: Mild resistance exercise combined with milk or soy milk improved the calf circumference and hand grip strength in very old nursing home residents with sarcopenia.
- Published
- 2021
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31. Concordance in mSEGA Tool to Frailty Diagnosis between Medical Doctors and Nurses
- Author
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Abrar-Ahmad Zulfiqar and Ibrahima Amadou Dembélé
- Subjects
frailty ,mSEGA grid ,elderly subjects ,emergency department ,concordance study ,Medicine - Abstract
Introduction: It is currently considered that screening for frailty in elderly subjects is a major public health issue. Methods: a cross-sectional pilot study involving elderly subjects (over 75 years of age) admitted at the emergency department of the hospital of Troyes, France in the period from 24 August to 30 August 2017 was conducted. The patients were screened for frailty using the modified SEGA (Short Emergency Geriatric Assessment) (part A) grid (mSEGA), correlated with the subjective opinion of the triage nurse and the senior physician. Results: 100 patients were included during the pilot study period, the mean age was 84.34 years (range: 75–97), 56 patients (56%) were female, and the average CHARLSON score was 4.28 (range: 0–11). The patients’ previous medical histories were remarkable for cardiovascular diseases. The main reason for hospital admission was fall (26 subjects, 26%). Hospitalization was required for 52 subjects (52%). The average mSEGA score was 6.3 +/− 3.59. The completion time for the SEGAm (part A) score was about 5 minutes. According to Cohen’s kappa, the concordance between the subjective opinion of the triage nurse and the mSEGA grid was average, while the concordance between the subjective opinions of the senior physicians was good. Conclusion: The mSEGA score appears to be well-suited and useful in the emergency department. It is easy to use, allows an overall evaluation of the patient, and is not time-consuming.
- Published
- 2021
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32. Validation of the Zulfiqar Frailty Scale (ZFS): A New Tool for General Practitioners
- Author
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Abrar-Ahmad Zulfiqar
- Subjects
ZULFIQAR Frailty Scale (ZFS) ,modified SEGA scale grid A ,primary care ,prevention ,elderly subjects ,Medicine - Abstract
Introduction: The early detection of frailty, a frequent transient state that can be reversible in the elderly and is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality, helps prevent complications from it. Objective: To evaluate the performance of the “ZFS” tool to screen for frailty as defined SEGA scale criteria in an ambulatory population of patients at least 65 years of age. Methods: A prospective non-interventional study conducted in Alsace for a duration of six months that included patients aged 65 and over, judged to be autonomous with an ADL > 4/6. Results: In this ambulatory population of 102 patients with an average age of 76 years, frailty, according to modified SEGA criteria grid A, had a prevalence of 19.6%. Frailty, according to the “ZFS” tool, had a prevalence of 35.0%, and all of its elements except weight loss were significantly associated with frailty. Its threshold for identifying frailty is three criteria out of six. It was rapid (average completion time: 87 s), had a sensitivity of 100%, and a negative predictive value of 100%. Conclusions: The “ZFS” tool makes it possible to screen for frailty with a high level of sensitivity and a negative predictive value.
- Published
- 2021
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33. Skin nerve phosphorylated α-synuclein in the elderly.
- Author
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Donadio V, Fadda L, Incensi A, Furia A, Parisini S, Colaci F, Defazio G, and Liguori R
- Subjects
- Humans, Female, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, alpha-Synuclein, Skin pathology, Parkinson Disease pathology, Small Fiber Neuropathy pathology, Synucleinopathies pathology
- Abstract
To determine the incidence of phosphorylated α-synuclein (p-syn) in skin nerves in very old subjects who are prone to developing incidental Lewy bodies, we prospectively performed skin biopsies on 33 elderly subjects, including 13 (>85 years old) and 20 patients (>70 years) suspected of having an acquired small fiber neuropathy. All subjects underwent neurological examination prior to the biopsy. Two screened female subjects (ages 102 and 98 years) were excluded from the study because they showed evidence of a slight bradykinetic-rigid extrapyramidal disorder on neurological examination and were not considered healthy; both showed p-syn in skin nerves. We did not identify p-syn in skin nerves in the remaining 31 subjects. A PubMed analysis of publications from 2013 to 2023 disclosed 490 healthy subjects tested for skin p-syn; one study reported p-syn in 4 healthy subjects, but the remaining subjects tested negative. Our data underscore the virtual absence of p-syn in skin nerves of healthy controls, including those who are very elderly. These data support skin biopsy as a highly specific tool for identifying an underlying synucleinopathy in patients in vivo., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of American Association of Neuropathologists, Inc.)
- Published
- 2024
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34. Association among Olfactory Function, Lifestyle and BMI in Female and Male Elderly Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Study
- Author
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Giorgia Sollai and Roberto Crnjar
- Subjects
elderly subjects ,physical activities ,BMI ,body weight ,lifestyle ,olfactory function ,Sniffin’ Sticks ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Food Science - Abstract
Physical activities seem to counteract the age-related physiological decline of the olfactory function which, influencing the food choices and eating behavior, can affect the body weight of individuals. The main purpose of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the relationships between olfactory function and BMI in female and male Elderly Subjects (ES), according to the level of their lifestyle activities in physical, cognitive, and social terms. Considering weekly physical activities, the adult elderlies who decided to participate in this study were divided into active ES (n = 65) and non-active ES (n = 68). Assessment of weekly activities and olfactory function were performed by means of face-to-face interviews and the “Sniffin’ Sticks” battery test, respectively. The results show that ES who are overweight and with a non-active lifestyle achieved lower TDI olfactory scores than normal weight ES and those classified as active. Hyposmic and non-active ES showed a higher BMI than normosmic and active ES. Sex-related differences, with females performing better than males, were evident in the presence of at least one of the following conditions: non-activity, hyposmia, or overweight. Inverse correlations were found between BMI and TDI olfactory score and between BMI and hours/week spent on physical activities, both when subjects were considered all together and when they were divided into females and males. These findings suggest that a higher BMI is related to the olfactory dysfunction linked to active or non-active lifestyle and the sex-related differences, and the condition of hyposmia is related to the increase in body weight due to lifestyle and sex differences. Given that the relationship between BMI and non-exercise physical activities is comparable to that between BMI and exercise physical activities, and this may be of particular importance for ES with limited mobility.
- Published
- 2023
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35. Feasibility and Determinants of Orthostatic Hypotension Self-measurement at Home in an Elderly Community-Dwelling Population.
- Author
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Cohen, Adrien, Vidal, Jean-Sébastien, Roca, Frédéric, Rananja, Hanta, Hernandorena, Intza, Foresto, Laurent Coude du, Seux, Marie-Laure, Rigaud, Anne-Sophie, Hanon, Olivier, and Duron, Emmanuelle
- Subjects
ORTHOSTATIC hypotension ,BLOOD pressure ,ATRIAL fibrillation ,FEASIBILITY studies - Abstract
BACKGROUND Orthostatic hypotension (OH) measurement reproducibility is poor. Our objectives were to assess feasibility of self-detection home-measured OH (HOH) and HOH determinants. METHODS Subjects older than 65 years, attending a geriatric outpatient clinic, able to understand the HOH protocol: 3 blood pressure (BP) measures after 5 minutes of seating and BP measures after 1 and 3 minutes of standing, each morning and evening for 3 consecutive days were lent a validated digital automatic sphygmomanometer. Reports containing at least 4 correct measurements were deemed a success. Factors associated with HOH were studied. RESULTS HOH feasibility was 82.8% (241 subjects) with no difference between participants who failed or succeeded. Among the 241 subjects (mean age (SD) = 78.0 (8.3) years old; 62.1% of women), 139 were free of HOH, 70 had 1 HOH episode and 32 had 2 or more HOH episodes. Hypertension, dementia, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, and heart failure were found in 70.0%, 10.4%, 9.4%, 8.8%, and 3.4% of cases, respectively. Subjects were treated with antihypertensive, benzodiazepine, statin medication in 47.3%, 9.3%, 7.4% of cases, respectively, and 42.4% experienced polypharmacy. HOH episodes were associated with dementia (P = 0.01), presence of OH during the geriatric outpatient clinic assessment (P = 0.0002), statin therapy (P = 0.04), and polypharmacy (P = 0.0002). In multivariate analysis, benzodiazepine (OR (95% CI) = 2.59 (1.10–6.08) and statin medication (OR (95% CI) = 1.92 (1.10–3.33)) remained significantly associated with HOH. CONCLUSIONS HOH had a good feasibility and relevant determinants. A study to address the predictive value of HOH will be conducted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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36. The Impacts of Weight Change and Weight Change Intention on Health-Related Quality of Life in the Korean Elderly.
- Author
-
So, Eun Sun
- Subjects
MENTAL health ,BODY weight ,REGULATION of body weight ,HEALTH status indicators ,INTENTION ,QUALITY of life ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,HEALTH self-care ,SURVEYS ,WEIGHT gain ,MULTIPLE regression analysis ,SECONDARY analysis ,BODY movement ,INDEPENDENT living ,OLD age - Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to identify the impacts of weight change and weight change intention on health-related quality of life (HRQL) among community-dwelling Korean elderly individuals. Method: Data on those aged 75 years and above from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. Results: Compared with no weight change, unintentional weight loss was associated with significantly lower adjusted overall HRQL and lower scores in the subdimensions of mobility, pain/discomfort, usual activities, and self-care (in order), whereas intentional weight loss was associated with significantly poorer scores for anxiety/depression. Weight gain showed no statistically significant differences in comparison with no weight change. Discussion: These findings suggest that weight maintenance or weight gain should be recommended rather than weight loss, whether unintentional or intentional, regardless of weight status, to improve HRQL among the elderly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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- View/download PDF
37. Effects of Red and White Ginseng Preparations on Electrical Activity of the Brain in Elderly Subjects: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Three-Armed Cross-Over Study
- Author
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Wilfried Dimpfel, Pierre-Antoine Mariage, and Alexander G. Panossian
- Subjects
elderly subjects ,Panax ginseng ,quantitative EEG ,brain ,discriminant analysis ,cognition ,Medicine ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Background: Recently, the superior efficacy of hydroponically cultivated red ginseng preparation HRG80® compared to wild growing white ginseng (WG) in preventing stress-induced symptoms related to the daily work situation of healthy subjects was reported. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of HRG80®, WG, and placebo on the electrical activity in the brain of elderly human subjects during relaxation and mental challenges. Methods: Changes in the electroencephalogram (EEG) frequency ranges of 17 different brain regions were measured after single and repeated administration of HRG80®, WG, and placebo across a four-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled three-armed cross-over trial. Results: Both red and white ginseng preparations had a strong impact on brain activity, with different effects on various brain regions depending on the mental load during relaxation and cognitive tasks associated with memory, attention, and mental performance. Both ginseng preparations exhibited significant effects on spectral powers compared to placebo, reflecting an activating action. The spectral changes in the quantitative EEG induced by HRG80® indicated an improvement in mood as well as calming effects, evidenced by the modulation of β2 waves, representing changes in GABA-ergic neurotransmission. HRG80® attenuated δ/θ powers during relaxation, suggesting the potential improvement of pathologically enhanced spectral power in aging. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that both hydroponically cultivated red and wild growing white ginseng have similar beneficial effects on the cognitive functions of elderly subjects, as reflected by electric brain activity, but their modes of action on the brain are different.
- Published
- 2021
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38. Associated factors of headache in a cohort of elderly subjects
- Author
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Alijan Ahmadiahangar, seyyed-reza Hoseyni, Farzan Kheyrkhah, Ali Bijani, and Zahra Moghaddas
- Subjects
Depression ,Elderly subjects ,Headache ,Pain ,Internal medicine ,RC31-1245 - Abstract
Background: Headache and depression are prevalent among general population. The aim of this study was to determine the associated factors of headache in elderly subjects with emphasis to depression. Methods: All cohort of elderly individuals of the Amirkola Health Study Project were included. Data regarding several clinical and demographic characteristics were provided via fill in quesstionnaire, interview and clinical examination. Presence and duration as well as severity of headache were collected through an interview based on self-reported data. Diagnosis of depression was confirmed according to standard Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) criteria. In statistical analyses chi-square test with logistic regression analysis was used for association. Results: A total of 832 men and 667 women aged >/= 60 years old were studied. Headache and depression were diagnosed in 42% and 42.4% respectively. In depressed subjects, headache was significantly higher by OR=3.1(95% CI, 2.5-3.83, P=0.001). Proportions of headache increased by severity of depression with a dose-response pattern of relationship from 53.3% in mild depression to 72.6% in severe depression. The magnitude of OR for headache increased from 2.59 (95% CI, 2.03-3.31) in patients with mild depression to 6.04 (95% CI, 3.54-10.3) in patients with severe depression. After adjustment for all covariates, headache was significantly associated with female gender and back pain as well as with depression with a significant dose-response relationship. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated an independent association between headache and psychological factors in elderly subjects, particularly in women
- Published
- 2016
39. Does older adults' cognition particularly suffer from stress?
- Subjects
Aging ,SEX-DIFFERENCES ,Episodic memory ,PSYCHOSOCIAL STRESS ,EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS ,Working memory ,PERCEIVED STRESS ,TSST ,WORKING-MEMORY ,ELDERLY SUBJECTS ,Acute stress ,CORTISOL RESPONSES ,METAANALYSIS ,DECLARATIVE MEMORY ,Stress and cognition - Abstract
This literature review provides the first comprehensive qualitative and quantitative systematic synthesis of acute laboratory stress effects on older adults' cognition by specifying the direction and magnitude of those effects both overall and for different cognitive processes separately. A systematic literature search was performed, and effect sizes estimated whenever possible. We found meta-analytical evidence that stress has negative effects on older adults' verbal fluency (gadj = -0.53 (95% CI [-2.70, 1.63]), null-to-negative effects on episodic memory (gadj = -0.26 (95% CI [-0.44, -0.08]), null effects on executive functions (gadj = 0.07 (95% CI [-0.31, 0.46]), and enhancing effects on working memory (gadj = 0.16 (95% CI [-0.01, 0.33]). Relating these findings to those in young adults, notable differences emerged for some cognitive functions, such as opposing effects on working memory between age groups. Our review further reveals that stress effects on older adults' memory retention, associative memory, prospective memory, interference control or cognitive flexibility are heavily understudied. We provide a conceptual and methodological framework for future studies in older adults.
- Published
- 2022
40. Effects of an Adaptogenic Extract on Electrical Activity of the Brain in Elderly Subjects with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Two-Armed Cross-Over Study
- Author
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Wilfried Dimpfel, Leonie Schombert, Ingrid K. Keplinger-Dimpfel, and Alexander Panossian
- Subjects
elderly subjects ,cognition ,andrographis paniculata ,withania somnifera ,adaptogens ,quantitative eeg ,sleep ,psychometry ,discriminant analysis ,Medicine ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Background: The current and potential uses of adaptogens are mainly related to treatment of stress-induced fatigue, impaired cognitive function, mental illness, and behavioral- and age-related disorders. However, clinical evidence regarding the efficacy of adaptogens is limited. The primary aim of this study is to determine whether a combination of adaptogenic plant extracts from Andrographis paniculata and Withania somnifera (Adaptra® Forte) could be used as effective and safe treatment for impaired cognitive, memory, or learning ability functions and sleep disorders. Methods: The changes in electroencephalogram (EEG) frequency ranges in 17 different brain regions, psychometric tests of cognitive performance, as well as standard questionnaires of assessment of mood and sleep were measured after single and repeated administration of Adaptra® or placebo for four weeks and after a two-week treatment-free follow-up period within a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled two-armed cross-over study. Results: Adaptra® Forte significantly improved cognitive performance in the d2-Test for attention and the concentration performance test after four weeks’ treatment, and was positively correlated with increases in δ and θ power in the quantitative EEG compared with placebo during cognitive challenges. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that Adaptra® Forte exhibits a calming and anxiolytic effect without sedation, and is associated with overall stress-protective activity.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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41. Screening for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in elderly subjects with dyspnoea and/or reduced exercise tolerance – A hospital based cross sectional study
- Author
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Vinay Mahishale, Arati Mahishale, Naveen Angadi, Vijayanand Metgudmath, Ajith Eti, Mitchelle Lolly, and Sujeer Khan
- Subjects
COPD ,Elderly subjects ,Dyspnoea ,Exercise intolerance ,Spirometry ,Diseases of the respiratory system ,RC705-779 - Abstract
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a very common lung disease most often related to history of smoking. It becomes more prevalent with increasing age but remains under-diagnosed and under-treated in the elderly population. Under diagnosis of COPD is universal in elderly patients because of multiple pathology, difficulty with measurement of lung function, under-reporting of symptoms and reduced perception of dyspnoea. However the screening of the elderly (age >60 years) is not performed routinely even when they are symptomatic. Objective: The study was undertaken to screen elderly subjects with dyspnoea and/or reduced exercise tolerance for COPD. Study design: A cross sectional hospital based study. Methods: A total of 1000 elderly subjects were screened for COPD using standard spirometry as per GOLD guidelines. Diagnostic evaluation and classification of patients as “no COPD”, “new COPD” and “known COPD” were done by panel of experts which included a Pulmonologist, Cardiologist, General Physician and Physiotherapist. Subjects were categorized as mild, moderate, severe and very severe COPD based on FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1st sec) values. Results: Of the total 1000 elderly participants screened, 596 (59.6%) were classified as having no COPD, 228 (22.8%) with new COPD and 176 (17.6%) with known COPD. Among the total 228 of new COPD patients 27 (11.8%), 176 (77.4%), 5 (2.1%) and 20 (8.7%) were having mild, moderate, severe and very severe COPD respectively as per GOLD guidelines. Similarly of the total 176 subjects with known COPD, 9 (5.1%), 136 (77.3%), 0 (0%) and 31 (17.6%) were having mild, moderate, severe and very severe COPD respectively. Conclusion: An active screening for COPD in elderly subjects with dyspnoea or reduced exercise tolerance leads to diagnoses of substantially more new patients with COPD.
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- 2015
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42. Aerobic Physical Exercise Improved the Cognitive Function of Elderly Males but Did Not Modify Their Blood Homocysteine Levels
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Hanna Karen M. Antunes, Marco Túlio De Mello, Valdir de Aquino Lemos, Ruth Ferreira Santos-Galduróz, Luciano Camargo Galdieri, Orlando Francisco Amodeo Bueno, Sergio Tufik, and Vânia D'Almeida
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Homocysteine ,Cognitive function ,Elderly subjects ,Aerobic training ,Metabolic profile ,Physical exercise ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 ,Geriatrics ,RC952-954.6 - Abstract
Background: Physical exercise influences homocysteine (Hcy) concentrations, cognitive function and the metabolic profile. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of regular physical exercise on Hcy levels, the metabolic profile and cognitive function in healthy elderly males before and after an endurance exercise program. Methods: Forty-five healthy and sedentary volunteers were randomized into 2 groups: (1) a control group asked not to change their normal everyday activities and not to start any regular physical exercise program and (2) an experimental group trained at a heart rate intensity corresponding to ventilatory threshold 1 (VT-1) for 60 min/day 3 times weekly on alternate days for 6 months using a cycle ergometer. All volunteers underwent cognitive evaluations, blood sample analyses and ergospirometric assessments. Results: A significant improvement in cognitive function was observed in the experimental group compared with the control group (p 0.05), but there was a significant increase in peak oxygen consumption and workload at VT-1 as well as a significant improvement in cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, glucose, alkaline phosphatase, urea, T3, T4 and prostate-specific antigen compared with the control group (p Conclusion: The data suggest that a physical exercise program does not reduce Hcy levels in healthy elderly males, although it improves the cardiovascular and metabolic profile as well as cognitive function.
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- 2015
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43. Polypharmacy-related polypathology in the elderly: A case study at Ibn Sina Hospital, Morocco
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Mostafa Bouaoudate, Jaouad El harti, Redouane Abouqal, Khalid Abidi, and Amine Ali Zeggwagh
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Pharmaceutical Science ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Polypharmacy ,Paleopathology ,Elderly subjects ,Ibn Sina hospital ,Public health - Abstract
Purpose: To determine the polypathological and therapeutic profiles of a population of elderly subjects at the Ibn Sina Hospital, Rabat, Morocco. Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional observational study on a population made up of 356 patients aged ≥ 65 years. Data were collected from different departments during the study period, regarding age, sex, educational level, socio-cultural and economic status, self-care ability, polypathologies, polymedication, effectiveness of treatments, adverse effects, and knowledge of the concept of generic medication. The results, which are presented in percentages and simple averages, were processed with Excel 2016 software. Results: Patients aged 66 - 75 years comprised 60.4 % of the studied population. The most common pathologies were diabetes, asthma, and cardiovascular disease. A total of 237 patients (66.6 %) took < 6 drugs, while 119 patients (33.4 %) were on polypharmacy, i.e., > 6 drugs. The elderly were more vulnerable to polypathology and polypharmacy due to age-related reduction in physiological functions and their impact on pharmacological parameters. Polypathology led to polypharmacy which increased the risk of side effects and problems with adherence to medications. Conclusion: This study provides information on the pathological profiles of a population of elderly subjects in a Moroccan hospital, and details of the therapeutic strategies used in managing these patients.
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- 2022
44. The level of independence in daily functioning of the elderly in home environments.
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Zboina, Bożena, Ślusarska, Barbara, Stępień, Renata, Nowicki, Grzegorz, and Wiraszka, Grażyna
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HOME environment , *OLDER people , *AUTONOMY (Psychology) , *GERIATRIC assessment - Abstract
Introduction: Health problems in elderly patients, requiring special treatment and care, particularly home-based care, are an important challenge for healthcare providers today. Monitoring the functional status of elderly subjects is very important for subjects themselves as well as for the healthcare and social welfare providers. Aim of the research: To determine the functional capacity and independence in daily functioning of elderly subjects residing in their home environments, including potential correlations of these factors with the prevalence of certain medical conditions. Material and methods: The study was conducted in a population of 401 elderly subjects residing at their home environments in the Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski district. The inclusion criteria included age of at least 65 years as well as full logical and verbal contact with the subject. Independence in daily functioning was assessed by means of the EASY-Care questionnaire (1999–2002 Polish version). Results: The mean age of the subjects was 73.61 years. Vocational educational background was most prevalent. The highest prevalence was reported for eyesight problems (33.90%) and hearing problems (27.12%). The average score obtained by the elderly subjects in the EASY-Care daily functioning survey was 27.04 ±25.79 points. Significantly lower levels of functional capacity were observed in subjects with cardiovascular disorders (p < 0.05) and respiratory disorders (p < 0.05) as compared to subjects not diagnosed with these disorders. Conclusions: The level of independence of the elderly subjects was found to be moderate. Disorders most detrimental to the daily functioning of the elderly are those related to the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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45. Échelles d’évaluation du risque suicidaire chez les sujets âgés : revue de la littérature.
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Rakotoroalahy, Mahery Nantenaina, Andrianarisoa, Meja, and Jalenques, Isabelle
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Résumé Introduction Le suicide concerne toutes les tranches d’âges et les sujets âgés sont parmi les plus touchés en termes de mortalité. Dépister et évaluer le risque suicidaire des personnes âgées est indispensable en termes de prévention et de prise en charge. L’objectif de ce travail est de réaliser une synthèse bibliographique des outils d’évaluation du risque suicidaire chez les sujets âgés à partir de la littérature. Méthodologie Nous avons réalisé une revue de la littérature en utilisant comme moteur de recherche « Pub Med », « EMC », « PsychINFO » et « Google Schoolar ». Les mots clés que nous avons employés sont : suicide, psychogeriatrics, elders age, status rating scale, attempted suicide. Résultats Nous avons retenu au total trois échelles pour évaluer le risque suicidaire chez les patients âgés. L’échelle d’idéation suicidaire gériatrique (GSIS), la plus récemment élaborée, est une échelle spécifique, d’utilisation facile et de passation rapide. Les deux autres échelles, l’échelle d’idéation suicidaire (BSS) et l’échelle de désespoir de Beck (BHS), ont aussi montré leur efficacité et leur fiabilité chez les patients âgés. Discussion À partir des caractéristiques cliniques et psychométriques de ces outils, nous discutons de leur intérêt pour les cliniciens, en premier lieu les médecins traitants, consultés par la plupart des sujets âgés durant le mois précédant leur geste suicidaire. Conclusion Les sujets âgés sont plus exposés au risque suicidaire ; le geste est souvent réalisé avec une forte intentionnalité. Les échelles d’évaluation du risque suicidaire peuvent aider le praticien à réaliser une meilleure prévention ou prise en charge des patients âgés concernés. Introduction Suicide affects all age groups and the elderly are among the most affected in terms of mortality. Screening and assessing the suicidal risk of elderly people are essential in terms of prevention and care. The purpose of this work is to carry out a bibliographical synthesis of the evaluation tools of the suicidal risk in the elderly subjects from literature. Methodology We conducted a literature review using Pub Med, EMC, PsychINFO and Google Scholar as search engines. The keywords we used are: suicide, psychogeriatrics, elders age, status rating scale, suicide attempt. Results We have retained in total three scales to assess suicidal risk in elderly patients. The most recently developed Geriatric Suicide Ideation Scale (GSIS) is specific, easy-to-use and rapid scale. The two other scales, the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) and the Beck Scale for suicide Ideation (BSS), also showed their effectiveness and reliability in older patients. Discussion Based on the clinical and psychometric characteristics of these tools, we discuss their interest for clinicians, first the attending physicians, consulted by most of the elderly subjects during the month preceding their suicidal act. Conclusion Elderly subjects are more exposed to suicidal risk; the gesture is often performed with a strong intentionality. Scales of suicidal risk assessment can help the practitioner achieve better prevention or care of the elderly patients concerned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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46. Design and evaluation of vibratory shoe on balance control for elderly subjects: technical note.
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Aboutorabi, Atefeh, Arazpour, Mokhtar, Farahmand, Farzam, Bahramizadeh, Mahmood, Fadayevatan, Reza, and Abdollahi, Ehsan
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ACCIDENTAL fall prevention , *ELDER care , *COMMERCIAL product evaluation , *POSTURAL balance , *NEW product development , *NOISE , *PROPRIOCEPTION , *PROSTHETICS , *SENSES , *SHOES , *VIBRATION (Mechanics) , *ASSISTIVE technology , *OLD age - Abstract
Background and Aim:Aging often results in a decline in somatosensory function, and such changes are associated with diminished motor performance. Input noise can enhance sensory and motor function through a mechanism known as stochastic resonance (SR). This paper describes the development and testing of a new vibrating shoe to possibly assist the elderly patients in controlling their balance and decreasing their falling risks. Technique:The new vibrating shoe was evaluated to ascertain its ability to generate appropriate random and nonlinear vibrations. The vibratory shoe performance in two young subjects with decreased foot sensation and two elderly subjects in different static and dynamic balance situations was also evaluated. The postural control, expressed by the stability index (SI), was significantly affected by SR in the older subjects. Discussion:The vibrating motors could be recommended as a suitable solution for dynamic balance situations. Moreover, the new vibrating shoe could improve the age-related balance impairments in elderly subjects with balance deficiencies and others with impaired foot sensations.Implications for rehabilitationsOlder adults exhibited decreased postural stability.Noise signal improves sensation and proprioception in older people.New shoe with vibrating motors can operate in different dynamic situations. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 2018
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47. Does older adults' cognition particularly suffer from stress?: A systematic review of acute stress effects on cognition in older age
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Mikneviciute, Greta, Ballhausen, Nicola, Rimmele, Ulrike, Kliegel, Matthias, Mikneviciute, Greta, Ballhausen, Nicola, Rimmele, Ulrike, and Kliegel, Matthias
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This literature review provides the first comprehensive qualitative and quantitative systematic synthesis of acute laboratory stress effects on older adults' cognition by specifying the direction and magnitude of those effects both overall and for different cognitive processes separately. A systematic literature search was performed, and effect sizes estimated whenever possible. We found meta-analytical evidence that stress has negative effects on older adults' verbal fluency (gadj = -0.53 (95% CI [-2.70, 1.63]), null-to-negative effects on episodic memory (gadj = -0.26 (95% CI [-0.44, -0.08]), null effects on executive functions (gadj = 0.07 (95% CI [-0.31, 0.46]), and enhancing effects on working memory (gadj = 0.16 (95% CI [-0.01, 0.33]). Relating these findings to those in young adults, notable differences emerged for some cognitive functions, such as opposing effects on working memory between age groups. Our review further reveals that stress effects on older adults' memory retention, associative memory, prospective memory, interference control or cognitive flexibility are heavily understudied. We provide a conceptual and methodological framework for future studies in older adults.
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- 2022
48. Volatile Composition and Sensory Profile of Lactose-Free Kefir, and Its Acceptability by Elderly Consumers
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Anna Zbikowska, Agata Antoniewska, Patricia Cazón Díaz, Jaroslawa Rutkowska, and Manuel Vázquez
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Organic Chemistry ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Lactose ,Consumer Behavior ,lactose-free kefir ,volatile compounds ,sensory attributes ,just-about-right scale ,consumer preferences ,elderly subjects ,Analytical Chemistry ,Kefir ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Taste ,Odorants ,Drug Discovery ,Humans ,Molecular Medicine ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Aged - Abstract
Lactose-free products are crucial in the diet of lactose-intolerant elderly consumers, one of them being kefir due to its unique chemical composition and diversity of valuable microflora. The study aimed at determining the volatile compound profile and the corresponding sensory attributes of lactose-free kefir (LFK) as compared with the traditional one (TK). The perception of main sensory attributes and hedonic acceptability of LFK by elderly were also studied. The LFK contained two times more ketones, especially 3-hydroxy-2-butanone and 2,3-butanedione, that probably contributed to the high intensity of creamy aroma. A substantial share of acetic acid in LFK was not associated with high intensity of sour aroma, probably being masked by the creamy aroma, perceived as dominating. LFK was sensed as sweeter and more milky than the traditional one. The intense sweet taste of LFK was due to higher amounts of glucose and galactose than in TK, and was perceived as “just about right” by 63% of elderly subjects in the just-about-right (JAR) scale. The lower acidity of LFK than that of TK, assayed both instrumentally and by sensory assessment, was highly appreciated by 73% of elderly subjects as “just about right” in JAR scale. These two taste attributes dominated in liking the lactose-free kefir by elderly subjects.
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- 2022
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49. Porphyromonas gingivalis is widely distributed in subgingival plaque biofilm of elderly subjects
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Abiko, Yuki, Sato, Takuichi, Matsushita, Kenji, Sakashita, Reiko, Takahashi, Nobuhiro, Sasano, Takashi, editor, and Suzuki, Osamu, editor
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- 2010
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50. The Acute Effects of the Different Total Body Resistance Exercise (TRX) Postures on Flow-Mediated Dilatation in Elderly Subjects.
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Boonsit, Sirada, Peepathum, Prasit, and Mitranun, Witid
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POSTURE ,HEART beat ,BLOOD flow ,SYSTOLIC blood pressure ,HEALTH of older people - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the acute effects of the different total body resistance exercise (TRX) postures on flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) in elderly subjects. The subjects consisted of 45 elderly women 60 to 80 yrs of age of which they were divided into 2 age groups: (a) 60 to 70 yrs of age; and (b) 71 to 80 yrs of age. Then, they were randomly divided into 3 groups with 15 people in each group. The first group trained with the TRX Mid Row workout, the second group did the TRX Squat workout, and the third group did the TRX Chest Press workout. Heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean blood pressure, baseline brachial diameter, peak brachial diameter, shear rate, blood flow, and flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) were determined before the test and 5 min after the test. One-way analysis of variance, the Bonferroni method, and the pair t-test were used to analyze the data. Statistical significance was set at P≤0.05. The findings indicate that: (a) the TRX Squat and the TRX Chest workouts significantly increased systolic blood pressure; (b) the TRX Mid Row and the TRX Chest Press workouts significantly increased diastolic blood pressure and blood flow; and (c) the TRX Mid Row, the TRX Squat, and the TRX Chest Press significantly increased mean blood pressure and shear rate (P<0.05). Since FMD did not decrease, the three workouts can be used to train muscle strength in elderly women without any negative effects on the blood vessels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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