Search

Due to a lack of water treatment technology, developing and emerging nations have become significant polluters and water shortage is exacerbated by pollution. Ammonium toxicity is a huge global environmental concern with no clear solution. Population growth and industrialization destroy the ecosystem. Common and industrial products contain ammonium ions. Water pollution damages fish and other aquatic life. An inexpensive and green wastewater treatment method is adsorption. Adsorbent polymers that remove ammonium ions from wastewater have been explored. Ammonium ions are very hazardous when deposited into surface waters. Surfaces of bentonite and montmorillonite clay may attach sodium ammonium ions. They are cheap and abundant, therefore used to treat drain water. Bentonite outperformed montmorillonite in eliminating ammonium ions from water. Bentonite and montmorillonite clays were used to remove residual ammonium ions. These are utilized for bentonitic and montmorillonitic clays. Both clays were absorbed in a neutral pH, and it was free of sulfuric acid, ammonium ions, and phosphorus ions. Montmorillonitic clay boosted TDS by nearly 10% whereas bentonitic clay only raised TDS by 1%. Adsorption may inexpensively filter water and the surface charge of adsorbents affect their adsorption capacity. Ammonium ions may be recycled, and several bioreactors can remove ammonium ions from liquid and solid phases. Iterate over several models and the Freundlich isotherm model outperforms the Langmuir model by 5%. And bentonite clay adsorbs better due to iron oxide content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the help of the weight loss, and electrochemical techniques the suppressing action of the commercially available ionic liquid, 1-butylpyrrolidinium chloride [BPm1,1] Cl for carbon steel corrosion in 3.5% NaCl medium was scrutinized. It found that this compound acts as an excellent inhibitor with protection performance raised by an increase of its concentration and temperature. The adsorption behavior of the investigated ionic liquid was a mixed-type inhibitor subordinating Langmuir adsorption isotherm. To expounding adsorption and corrosion inhibition mechanisms, various thermodynamics and activation parameters such as adsorption constant (Kads), Gibb's standard free energy ( Δ G ∗ $\Delta{{\text{G}}^{\ast}}$), activation energy (Ea), activation enthalpy ( Δ H ∗ $\Delta{{\text{H}}^{\ast}}$), and activation entropy ( Δ S ∗ $\Delta{{\text{S}}^{\ast}}$) were determined and debated. It has appeared that there is a strong interaction between the inhibitor molecules and the carbon steel surface in a predominantly chemisorptions manner. The presence of a protective inhibitor film on the metal surface was confirmed using a corroborative SEM tool. Moreover, the IL has screened for antibacterial activity against planktonic and sessile microorganisms. The obtained results emphasized that the utilized ionic liquid can be regarded as an efficacious biocide for both bacterial strains with a dissimilar efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]