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3. Enhanced in vitro tumoricidal effects of 5-Fluorouracil, thymoquinone, and active vitamin D3 triple therapy against colon cancer cells by attenuating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway

Author

Idris, Shakir, Refaat, Bassem, Almaimani, Riyad A., Ahmed, Hussain G., Ahmad, Jawwad, Alhadrami, Mai, El-Readi, Mahmoud Zaki, Elzubier, Mohamed E., Alaufi, Haneen A.A., Al-Amin, Badriah, Alghamdi, Ahmad A., Bahwerth, Fayez, Minshawi, Faisal, Kabrah, Saeed M., and Aslam, Akhmed

Published
2022
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5. Doxorubicin-sanguinarine nanoparticles: formulation and evaluation of breast cancer cell apoptosis and cell cycle

Author

El-Readi, Mahmoud Zaki, primary, Abdulkarim, Majed Abdurhman, additional, Abdellatif, Ahmed A. H., additional, Elzubeir, Mohamed E., additional, Refaat, Bassem, additional, Althubiti, Mohammad, additional, Almaimani, Riyad Adnan, additional, Mukhtar, Mohammed Hasan, additional, Al-Moraya, Issa Saad, additional, and Eid, Safaa Yehia, additional

Published
2024
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10. Cymbopogon citratus and Citral Overcome Doxorubicin Resistance in Cancer Cells via Modulating the Drug’s Metabolism, Toxicity, and Multidrug Transporters

Author

Mukhtar, Mohammed Hasan, primary, El-Readi, Mahmoud Zaki, additional, Elzubier, Mohamed E., additional, Fatani, Sameer H., additional, Refaat, Bassem, additional, Shaheen, Usama, additional, Adam Khidir, Elshiekh Babiker, additional, Taha, Hesham Hamada, additional, and Eid, Safaa Yehia, additional

Published
2023
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15. Enhanced anti-cancer effects of oestrogen and progesterone co-therapy against colorectal cancer in males

Author

Mahbub, Amani A., primary, Aslam, Akhmed, additional, Elzubier, Mohamed E., additional, El-Boshy, Mohamed, additional, Abdelghany, Abdelghany H., additional, Ahmad, Jawwad, additional, Idris, Shakir, additional, Almaimani, Riyad, additional, Alsaegh, Aiman, additional, El-Readi, Mahmoud Zaki, additional, Baghdadi, Mohammed A., additional, and Refaat, Bassem, additional

Published
2022
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21. In Vivo and In Vitro Enhanced Tumoricidal Effects of Metformin, Active Vitamin D3, and 5-Fluorouracil Triple Therapy against Colon Cancer by Modulating the PI3K/Akt/PTEN/mTOR Network

Author

Almaimani, Riyad Adnan, primary, Aslam, Akhmed, additional, Ahmad, Jawwad, additional, El-Readi, Mahmoud Zaki, additional, El-Boshy, Mohamed E., additional, Abdelghany, Abdelghany H., additional, Idris, Shakir, additional, Alhadrami, Mai, additional, Althubiti, Mohammad, additional, Almasmoum, Hussain A., additional, Ghaith, Mazen M., additional, Elzubeir, Mohamed E., additional, Eid, Safaa Yehia, additional, and Refaat, Bassem, additional

Published
2022
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22. Short-Term Treatment of Metformin and Glipizide on Oxidative Stress, Lipid Profile and Renal Function in a Rat Model with Diabetes Mellitus

Author

Abdel-Moneim, Abdel-Moneim Hafez, primary, Lutfi, Mohamed Faisal, additional, Alsharidah, Ashwag Saleh, additional, Shaker, Gehan, additional, Faisal, Waleed, additional, Abdellatif, Ahmed A. H., additional, Rugaie, Osamah Al, additional, Mohany, Khalid M., additional, Eid, Safaa Yehia, additional, El-Readi, Mahmoud Zaki, additional, and Alsharidah, Mansour, additional

Published
2022
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23. Metformin and Calcitriol Enhance 5-Fluorouracil Tumoricidal Effects in Colon Cancer By Modulating The PI3K/Akt/PTEN/mTOR Network

Author

Almaimani, Riyad, primary, Aslam, Akhmed, additional, Ahmad, Jawwad, additional, El-Readi, Mahmoud Zaki, additional, El-Boshy, Mohamed, additional, Abdelghany, Abdelghany H., additional, Idris, Shakir, additional, Alhadrami, Mai, additional, Althubiti, Mohammad, additional, Almasmoum, Hussain, additional, Ghaith, Mazen M, additional, Abdallah, Mohamed E, additional, Eid, Safaa Y, additional, and Refaat, Bassem, additional

Published
2022
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24. Co-Inhibition of P-gp and Hsp90 by an Isatin-Derived Compound Contributes to the Increase of the Chemosensitivity of MCF7/ADR-Resistant Cells to Doxorubicin

Author

Abdalla, Ashraf N., primary, Di Stefano, Miriana, additional, Poli, Giulio, additional, Tuccinardi, Tiziano, additional, Bader, Ammar, additional, Vassallo, Antonio, additional, Abdallah, Mohamed E., additional, El-Readi, Mahmoud Zaki, additional, Refaat, Bassem, additional, Algarni, Alanood S., additional, Ahmad, Rizwan, additional, Alkahtani, Hamad M., additional, Abdel-Aziz, Alaa A.-M., additional, El-Azab, Adel S., additional, and Alqathama, Aljawharah, additional

Published
2021
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26. Sage, Salvia officinalis L., Constituents, Hepatoprotective Activity, and Cytotoxicity Evaluations of the Essential Oils Obtained from Fresh and Differently Timed Dried Herbs: A Comparative Analysis

Author

Mohammed, Hamdoon A., primary, Eldeeb, Hussein M., additional, Khan, Riaz A., additional, Al-Omar, Mohsen S., additional, Mohammed, Salman A. A., additional, Sajid, Mohammed S. M., additional, Aly, Mohamed S. A., additional, Ahmad, Adel M., additional, Abdellatif, Ahmed A. H., additional, Eid, Safaa Yehia, additional, and El-Readi, Mahmoud Zaki, additional

Published
2021
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27. Beta 2 microglobulin correlates with oxidative stress in elderly

Author

Althubiti, Mohammad, primary, Elzubier, Mohamed, additional, Alotaibi, Ghazzi Sallih, additional, Althubaiti, Mohammed Abdullah, additional, Alsadi, Hazim Hamed, additional, Alhazmi, Ziyad Abdulaziz, additional, Alghamdi, Fares, additional, El-Readi, Mahmoud Zaki, additional, Almaimani, Riyad, additional, and Babakr, Abdullatif, additional

Published
2021
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29. Thymoquinone, but Not Metformin, Protects against Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity and Renal Dysfunction in Rats

Author

Alsharidah, Mansour, primary, Abdel-Moneim, Abdel-Moneim Hafez, additional, Alsharidah, Ashwag Saleh, additional, Mobark, Mugahid A., additional, Rahmani, Arshad Husain, additional, Shata, Ahmed, additional, Abdellatif, Ahmed A. H., additional, El-Readi, Mahmoud Zaki, additional, Mohany, Khalid M., additional, and Al Rugaie, Osamah, additional

Published
2021
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30. Potential Predictors of Poor Prognosis among Severe COVID-19 Patients: A Single-Center Study

Author

Ghaith, Mazen M., primary, Albanghali, Mohammad A., additional, Aldairi, Abdullah F., additional, Iqbal, Mohammad S., additional, Almaimani, Riyad A., additional, AlQuthami, Khalid, additional, Alqasmi, Mansour H., additional, Almaimani, Wail, additional, El-Readi, Mahmoud Zaki, additional, Alghamdi, Ahmad, additional, and Almasmoum, Hussain A, additional

Published
2021
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31. In Vivo and In Vitro Enhanced Tumoricidal Effects of Metformin, Active Vitamin D 3 , and 5-Fluorouracil Triple Therapy against Colon Cancer by Modulating the PI3K/Akt/PTEN/mTOR Network.

Author

Almaimani, Riyad Adnan, Aslam, Akhmed, Ahmad, Jawwad, El-Readi, Mahmoud Zaki, El-Boshy, Mohamed E., Abdelghany, Abdelghany H., Idris, Shakir, Alhadrami, Mai, Althubiti, Mohammad, Almasmoum, Hussain A., Ghaith, Mazen M., Elzubeir, Mohamed E., Eid, Safaa Yehia, and Refaat, Bassem

Subjects
COLON tumors, IN vitro studies, PROTEIN kinases, IN vivo studies, RAPAMYCIN, ANIMAL experimentation, PHOSPHOTRANSFERASES, CALCITRIOL, PHOSPHATASES, DRUG resistance, APOPTOSIS, FLUOROURACIL, CELL cycle, METFORMIN, MAMMALS, MICE, PHARMACODYNAMICS
Abstract

Simple Summary: Failure of chemotherapy is common during the treatment of colon cancer, and there is a compelling need to develop alternative therapeutic approaches against this common malignancy. Metformin, which is an oral hypoglycaemic agent used for treating diabetes mellitus, and vitamin D have shown promising anticancer activities, and both agents boosted the actions of chemotherapy against colon cancer. This study, therefore, measured the potential beneficial effects of adding metformin and/or active vitamin D to the main cytotoxic drug used for treating colon cancer. The results demonstrate that metformin had superior anticancer effects relative to active vitamin D and ameliorated the effects of chemotherapy in animals and in cells. To the best of our knowledge, this study is also the first to report that triple treatment with the drugs of interest showed the best inhibition of cancer progression, which could provide a better therapeutic strategy against colon cancer. Chemoresistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is common during colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment. This study measured the chemotherapeutic effects of 5-FU, active vitamin D3 (VD3), and/or metformin single/dual/triple regimens as complementary/alternative therapies. Ninety male mice were divided into: negative and positive (PC) controls, and 5-FU, VD3, Met, 5-FU/VD3, 5-FU/Met, VD3/Met, and 5-FU/VD3/Met groups. Treatments lasted four weeks following CRC induction by azoxymethane. Similar regimens were also applied in the SW480 and SW620 CRC cell lines. The PC mice had abundant tumours, markedly elevated proliferation markers (survivin/CCND1) and PI3K/Akt/mTOR, and reduced p21/PTEN/cytochrome C/caspase-3 and apoptosis. All therapies reduced tumour numbers, with 5-FU/VD3/Met being the most efficacious regimen. All protocols decreased cell proliferation markers, inhibited PI3K/Akt/mTOR molecules, and increased proapoptotic molecules with an apoptosis index, and 5-FU/VD3/Met revealed the strongest effects. In vitro, all therapies equally induced G1 phase arrest in SW480 cells, whereas metformin-alone showed maximal SW620 cell numbers in the G0/G1 phase. 5-FU/Met co-therapy also showed the highest apoptotic SW480 cell numbers (13%), whilst 5-FU/VD3/Met disclosed the lowest viable SW620 cell percentages (81%). Moreover, 5-FU/VD3/Met revealed maximal inhibitions of cell cycle inducers (CCND1/CCND3), cell survival (BCL2), and the PI3K/Akt/mTOR molecules alongside the highest expression of cell cycle inhibitors (p21/p27), proapoptotic markers (BAX/cytochrome C/caspase-3), and PTEN in both cell lines. In conclusion, metformin monotherapy was superior to VD3, whereas the 5-FU/Met protocol showed better anticancer effects relative to the other dual therapies. However, the 5-FU/VD3/Met approach displayed the best in vivo and in vitro tumoricidal effects related to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, justifiably by enhanced modulations of the PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTOR pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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33. Tamoxifen and the PI3K Inhibitor: LY294002 Synergistically Induce Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells

Author

Abdallah, Mohamed E., primary, El-Readi, Mahmoud Zaki, additional, Althubiti, Mohammad Ahmad, additional, Almaimani, Riyad Adnan, additional, Ismail, Amar Mohamed, additional, Idris, Shakir, additional, Refaat, Bassem, additional, Almalki, Waleed Hassan, additional, Babakr, Abdullatif Taha, additional, Mukhtar, Mohammed H., additional, Abdalla, Ashraf N., additional, and Idris, Omer Fadul, additional

Published
2020
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34. Synergistic Anti Leukemia Effect of a Novel Hsp90 and a Pan Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitors

Author

Abdalla, Ashraf N., primary, Abdallah, Mohamed E., additional, Aslam, Akhmed, additional, Bader, Ammar, additional, Vassallo, Antonio, additional, Tommasi, Nunziatina De, additional, Malki, Waleed H., additional, Gouda, Ahmed M., additional, Mukhtar, Mohammed H., additional, El-Readi, Mahmoud Zaki, additional, Alkahtani, Hamad M., additional, Abdel-Aziz, Alaa A.-M., additional, and El-Azab, Adel S., additional

Published
2020
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35. Evaluation of the Diagnostic and Predicative Values of 8-Iso-Prostaglandin F2α as a Biomarker of Breast Cancer

Author

Nour Eldin, Essam Eldin Mohamed, primary, Nour Eldein, Mohamed Mahmoud, additional, El-Readi, Mahmoud Zaki, additional, Mirza, Ahmad A., additional, Fatani, Sameer Hasan, additional, Al-Amodi, Hiba Saeed, additional, Althubiti, Mohammad Ahmad, additional, Al-Ezzi, Esmail M. , additional, Eid, Safaa Yehia, additional, and Kamel, Hala Fawzy Mohammed, additional

Published
2020
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37. Cancer Nanomedicine: A New Era of Successful Targeted Therapy

Author

El-Readi, Mahmoud Zaki and Althubiti, Mohammad Ahmad

Subjects
Article Subject
Abstract

Cancer is considered as one of the most challenging health care problems. Though there are many approved drugs that can be used for cancer therapy, drug resistance and delivery are among of the barriers of the treatment. In addition, pathological characteristics of tumors and their abnormal blood vessel architecture and function also reduce the efficiency of the conventional cancer treatment. Therefore, looking for techniques that can increase the efficacy of the therapy such as nanoparticles (NPs) is vital. NPs have many properties such as their small size, ability to load various drugs and large surface area, and ability to increase the absorption of conjugated. Therefore, the NPs have been considered as excellent tumor-targeting vehicles. The recent nanoscale vehicles include liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, dendrimers, and nanoshells; lipid-based NPs have been used as conjugates. There are few examples of approved conjugated anticancer NPs including AmBisome® (amphotericin B liposomal) and Doxil® (liposomal doxorubicin). There are many other conjugated anticancer drugs at different stages of clinical trials for treatment of various cancers. This review will discuss the properties of different NPs in cancer treatment and their benefits of overcoming multidrug resistance. In addition, recent advances of using nanomedicine in different approaches of cancer treatment such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy will be highlighted in this review.

Published
2019
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40. Whole Exome Sequencing: Novel Genetic Polymorphisms in Saudi Arabian Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Children

Author

Bogari, Neda Mostafa, primary, Amin, Amr Ahmed, additional, Aljohani, Ashwag, additional, Dairi, Ghida, additional, El-Readi, Mahmoud Zaki, additional, Dannoun, Anas, additional, Raja, Udaya, additional, Adil, Mohammad, additional, Qutub, Nermeen, additional, Alhelfawi, Suhair, additional, Alobaidi, Amal, additional, Alqudah, Derar, additional, Banni, Hussain, additional, Eid, Safaa Yehia, additional, Balto, Huda, additional, Al-Allaf, Faisal, additional, Taher, Mohiuddin, additional, Al-Amoodi, Hiba Saed, additional, and Fawzy, Ahmed, additional

Published
2019
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41. α-Hexylcinnamaldehyde Synergistically Increases Doxorubicin Cytotoxicity Towards Human Cancer Cell Lines

Author

SILVIA DI GIACOMO, Antonella Di Sotto, El Readi, Mahmoud Zaki, Mazzanti, Gabriela, and Wink, Michael

Subjects
tumor, ABC-transporters, cinnamaldehyde, MDR reversal agent, chemosensitizer, naturally-derived compound, acrolein, antineoplastic combined chemotherapy protocols, caco-2 cells, cell line, tumor, doxorubicin, drug screening assays, antitumor, drug synergism, humans, Drug Synergism, cell line, Doxorubicin, Cell Line, Tumor, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, drug screening assays, Humans, Acrolein, Caco-2 Cells, Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor, antitumor
Abstract

α-Hexylcinnamaldehyde (HCA), a compound derived from cinnamaldehyde, was evaluated for its potential chemosensitizing properties.The cytotoxicity of HCA was tested against Caco-2, CCRF/CEM and CEM/ADR5000 human cancer cells. Furthermore, its ability to increase doxorubicin cytotoxicity was evaluated in combination assays. Rhodamine123 efflux assay was carried out in order to highlight the possible interference of HCA with functionality of ATP-binding cassette (ABC)-transporters.In spite of a low cytotoxicity, HCA increased the antiproliferative effect of doxorubicin in all the cell lines tested, being particularly effective in CCRF/CEM. The compound also reduced the rhodamine123 efflux in Caco-2 and CEM/ADR5000 cells, suggesting a possible interference with ABC transporter functionality.Considering that the greatest synergism between HCA and DOX was found against CCRF/CEM cells (lacking ABC pumps), it seems likely that non-specific mechanisms, including the alteration of membrane permeability, could be involved in the chemosensitizing effect of HCA.

Published
2016

46. The role of antiepileptic drugs in free radicals generation and antioxidant levels in epileptic patients.

Author

Eldin, Essam Eldin Mohamed Nour, Elshebiny, Hosam Abdel-Fattah, Mostafa Mohamed, Tarek, Abdel-Aziz, Mohamed Abdel-Azim, and El-Readi, Mahmoud Zaki

Subjects
ANTICONVULSANTS, FREE radicals, ANTIOXIDANT analysis, PEOPLE with epilepsy, CARBAMAZEPINE, THERAPEUTICS
Abstract

Many risk factors are encountered during the pathogenesis of epilepsy. In this study, the effect of seizure frequency on free radical generation and antioxidants levels in epileptic patients was evaluated. This study was carried out on 15 healthy controls (GI) and 60 epileptic patients treated with mono- or poly-therapy of carbamazepine, valproic acid, or phenytoin. The treated epileptic patients were divided into 2 main groups according to the seizure frequency: controlled seizure patients GII (n= 30) and uncontrolled seizure patients GIII (n= 30). GII included the GIIA subgroup (n= 15) which had been seizure free for more than 12 months and the GIIB subgroup (n= 15) which had been seizure free for a period from 6 to12 months. GIII included GIIIA (n= 15) and GIIIB (n= 15) for patients which had a seizure frequency of less than and more than four times/month, respectively. In comparison to the control group (GI), the levels of nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde/creatinine ratio were significantly increased in GIIB, GIIIA, and GIIIB, while vitamins A and E levels were significantly decreased in GIIIB. Serum NO levels had significant negative correlations with serum vitamin E in the GIIA and GIIB groups, and with vitamin A in the GIIIA and GIIIB groups. However, serum NO had positive correlation with urinary MDA/Cr ratio. The imbalance between free radical generation and antioxidant system in epileptic patients may be a factor in seizure frequency. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2016
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50. Polyphenols from aerial parts of Polygonum bellardii and their biological activities.

Author

Abd El-kader, Adel Mohamed, El-Readi, Mahmoud Zaki, Ahmed, Amany Sayed, Nafady, Alaa Mohamed, Wink, Michael, and Ibraheim, Zedan Zeid

Subjects
*POLYPHENOLS, *POLYGONUM, *BIOACTIVE compounds, *INFLAMMATION treatment, *ANTI-inflammatory agents, *ANTINEOPLASTIC agents, *POLYGONACEAE, *CELL-mediated cytotoxicity
Abstract

Context: Polygonum species have been used in the treatment of several types of inflammatory disorders and cancer. Nevertheless, there are no reports related to the anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities of Polygonum bellardii All. (Polygonaceae). Objective: This study investigated the chemical composition of the methanol extract of P. bellardii. The anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of methanol, n-butanol, ethyl acetate extracts and isolated polyphenols were determined. Materials and methods: The chemical structure of the isolated compounds was elucidated using different spectral techniques. MTT assay was used to evaluate the anti-proliferative activity in HeLa, MCF-7 and HepG-2 cells. Inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) activity and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in stimulated HepG-2 cells were used to assess the anti-inflammatory activity. Results: The present study resulted in isolation of five compounds (new for the species). They were identified as gallic acid ( 1), quercetin ( 2), myricetin ( 3), quercetin-3- O-β- d-glucopyranoside ( 5) and myricetin-3 -O-α-arabinofuranoside ( 7). Additionally, a couple of previously isolated compounds such as quercetin-3- O-(5″-acetyl-α-arabinofuranoside) ( 4) and myricetin-3- O-(5″-acetyl-α-arabinofuranoside) ( 6) were detected. The n-butanol extract has the highest cytotoxicity in HeLa, MCF-7 and HepG-2 cells, with IC50 values of 15.26, 50.66 and 30.09 µg/ml, respectively. Compound 6 exhibited a marked cytotoxicity in HeLa (IC50 75.04 µg/ml) and HepG-2 (IC50 41.03 µg/ml) cells. Crude extracts and pure compounds inhibited the 5-LOX activity and PGE2 production in a dose-dependent manner (0.1-250 µg/ml). Discussion and conclusion: These results explain the traditional uses of P. bellardii and indicate that polyphenols, despite structural similarity, have different cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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