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2. Flatness-Based Control of DC Machine-Serial Multicellular Power Converter Association

Author

Aourir, M., Abouloifa, A., Aouadi, C., Lachkar, I., El Otmani, F., Abdalla, Hassan, Editorial Board Member, Abdul Mannan, Md., Editorial Board Member, Alalouch, Chaham, Editorial Board Member, Boemi, Sofia Natalia, Editorial Board Member, Bougdah, Hocine, Editorial Board Member, Bozonnet, Emmanuel, Editorial Board Member, De Bonis, Luciano, Editorial Board Member, Hawkes, Dean, Editorial Board Member, Kostopoulou, Stella, Editorial Board Member, Mahgoub, Yasser, Editorial Board Member, Mesbah Elkaffas, Saleh, Editorial Board Member, Mohareb, Nabil, Editorial Board Member, O. Gawad, Iman, Editorial Board Member, Oostra, Mieke, Editorial Board Member, Pignatta, Gloria, Editorial Board Member, Pisello, Anna Laura, Editorial Board Member, Rosso, Federica, Editorial Board Member, Pradhan, Biswajeet, Editorial Board Member, Amer, Mourad, Series Editor, El Hani, Soumia, editor, and Essaaidi, Mohamad, editor

Published
2019
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4. Nonlinear control of multicellular single stage grid connected photovoltaic systems with shunt active power filtering capability

Author

Aourir, M., Abouloifa, A., Aouadi, C., El Otmani, F., Lachkar, I., Giri, F., and Guerrero, Josep M.

Subjects
PV systems, Shunt active power filter, MPPT, State observer, Power factor correction, Lyapunov approach, PV system
Abstract

This work deals with the nonlinear control of grid connected photovoltaic (PV) systems with shunt active power filtering functionality. The Proposed power plant consists of two PV generators, a single-phase power grid connected to non-linear loads at point of common coupling (PCC) and a multicellular inverter that will play a dual role, on one hand, compensating harmonic currents and reactive power caused by non-linear loads, and on the other hand, injecting active power provided by the PV generators into the electrical grid. The proposed nonlinear controller is designed in order to achieve the following objectives: i) guarantee a balanced distribution of the input voltage over the power switching devices, ii) ensure a unity power factor in the grid by compensating harmonic currents and reactive power, iii) operate the PV panels in their optimal operating points by extracting the maximum power despite the climatic variations. In order to achieve these objectives, a cascaded non-linear controller, consisting of two loops is designed, an outer loop based on a filtered PI controller for the regulation of PV panels voltages and, an inner loop developed based on Lyapunov approach for power factor correction as well as flying capacitors voltages regulation. Furthermore, a state observer is combined with the non-linear controller to perform the grid voltage estimation. The proposed power plant and control strategies are verified and validated by numerical simulation using Matlab/SimPowerSystems environment to assess their performance. This work deals with the nonlinear control of grid connected photovoltaic (PV) systems with shunt active power filtering functionality. The Proposed power plant consists of two PV generators, a single-phase power grid connected to non-linear loads at point of common coupling (PCC) and a multicellular inverter that will play a dual role, on one hand, compensating harmonic currents and reactive power caused by non-linear loads, and on the other hand, injecting active power provided by the PV generators into the electrical grid. The proposed nonlinear controller is designed in order to achieve the following objectives: i) guarantee a balanced distribution of the input voltage over the power switching devices, ii) ensure a unity power factor in the grid by compensating harmonic currents and reactive power, iii) operate the PV panels in their optimal operating points by extracting the maximum power despite the climatic variations. In order to achieve these objectives, a cascaded non-linear controller, consisting of two loops is designed, an outer loop based on a filtered PI controller for the regulation of PV panels voltages and, an inner loop developed based on Lyapunov approach for power factor correction as well as flying capacitors voltages regulation. Furthermore, a state observer is combined with the non-linear controller to perform the grid voltage estimation. The proposed power plant and control strategies are verified and validated by numerical simulation using Matlab/SimPowerSystems environment to assess their performance.

Published
2020

5. MPPT based sliding mode control for fuel cell connected grid system

Author

El Otmani, F., Abouloifa, A., Aourir, M., Lachkar, I., Assad, F. Z., Giri, F., and Guerrero, J. M.

Subjects
Sliding mode control, Control of renewable energy resources, Interleaved boost, Three-level boost, Application of power electronics, Fuel cell, Electrical grid
Abstract

The fuel cell has become a promising alternative to fossil sources due to its clean and efficient energy. However, it is challenging to connect the fuel cell generator to the electrical grid due to the high nonlinearity of the fuel cell. This paper deals with the problem of controlling a Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell connected to the electrical grid. In fact, a high step-up DC stage composed of an interleaved boost and a three-level boost converter, is used to ensure the maximum point power tracking, and to enhance the fuel cell voltage. Then the DC power is delivered to a half-bridge inverter and injected into the grid via an LCL filter. This study aims to design a nonlinear controller based on the sliding mode approach in order to ensure the following objectives: i) Guarantee the maximum power of the PEM Fuel cell ii) Guarantee the proper current sharing among models of IBC. iii) Regulate the interior voltage in order to improve and stabilize the FC energy. iv) Regulate the DC link voltage. v) Ensure the three-level boost series voltage balance. vi) Ensure the power factor correction. The efficiency of the proposed controller is verified and validated through numerical simulation using Matlab Simulink environment.

Published
2020

8. The ocean sampling day consortium

Author

Kopf, A, Bicak, M, Kottmann, R, Schnetzer, J, Kostadinov, I, Lehmann, K, Fernandez-Guerra, A, Jeanthon, C, Rahav, E, Ullrich, M, Wichels, A, Gerdts, G, Polymenakou, P, Kotoulas, G, Siam, R, Abdallah, RZ, Sonnenschein, EC, Cariou, T, O'Gara, F, Jackson, S, Orlic, S, Steinke, M, Busch, J, Duarte, B, Caçador, I, Canning-Clode, J, Bobrova, O, Marteinsson, V, Reynisson, E, Loureiro, CM, Luna, GM, Quero, GM, Löscher, CR, Kremp, A, DeLorenzo, ME, Øvreås, L, Tolman, J, LaRoche, J, Penna, A, Frischer, M, Davis, T, Katherine, B, Meyer, CP, Ramos, S, Magalhães, C, Jude-Lemeilleur, F, Aguirre-Macedo, ML, Wang, S, Poulton, N, Jones, S, Collin, R, Fuhrman, JA, Conan, P, Alonso, C, Stambler, N, Goodwin, K, Yakimov, MM, Baltar, F, Bodrossy, L, Van De Kamp, J, Frampton, DMF, Ostrowski, M, Van Ruth, P, Malthouse, P, Claus, S, Deneudt, K, Mortelmans, J, Pitois, S, Wallom, D, Salter, I, Costa, R, Schroeder, DC, Kandil, MM, Amaral, V, Biancalana, F, Santana, R, Pedrotti, ML, Yoshida, T, Ogata, H, Ingleton, T, Munnik, K, Rodriguez-Ezpeleta, N, Berteaux-Lecellier, V, Wecker, P, Cancio, I, Vaulot, D, Bienhold, C, Ghazal, H, Chaouni, B, Essayeh, S, Ettamimi, S, Zaid, EH, Boukhatem, N, Bouali, A, Chahboune, R, Barrijal, S, Timinouni, M, El Otmani, F, Bennani, M, and Mea, M

Subjects
Microorganism, Standards, Bacteria, Marine, Oceans and Seas, Marine Biology, Biodiversity, Genomics, Health Index, OSD, Micro B3, Database Management Systems, Ocean sampling day, Metagenomics, Life Below Water
Abstract

© 2015 Kopf et al. Ocean Sampling Day was initiated by the EU-funded Micro B3 (Marine Microbial Biodiversity, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology) project to obtain a snapshot of the marine microbial biodiversity and function of the world's oceans. It is a simultaneous global mega-sequencing campaign aiming to generate the largest standardized microbial data set in a single day. This will be achievable only through the coordinated efforts of an Ocean Sampling Day Consortium, supportive partnerships and networks between sites. This commentary outlines the establishment, function and aims of the Consortium and describes our vision for a sustainable study of marine microbial communities and their embedded functional traits.

Published
2015

9. The ocean sampling day consortium

Author

Kopf, A., Bicak, M., Kottmann, R., Schnetzer, J., Kostadinov, I., Lehmann, K., Fernàndez-Guerra, A., Jeanthon, C., Rahav, E., Ullrich, M., Wichels, A., Gerdts, G., Polymenakou, P., Kotoulas, G., Siam, R., Abdallah, R.Z., Sonnenschein, E., Cariou, T., O'Gara, F., Jackson, S., Orlic, S., Steinke, M., Busch, J., Duarte, B., Caçador, I., Canning-Clode, J., Marteinsson, V., Reynisson, E., Loureiro, C.M., Luna, G.M., Quero, G.M., Löscher, C.R., Kremp, A., DeLorenzo, M.E., Øvreås, L., Tolman, J., LaRoche, J., Penna, A., Frischer, M., Davis, T., Barker, K., Meyer, C.P., Ramos, S., Magalhães, C., Jude-Lemeilleur, F., Aguirre-Macedo, M.L., Wang, S., Poulton, N., Jones, S., Collin, R., Fuhrman, J.A., Conan, P., Alonso, C., Stambler, N., Goodwin, K., Yakimov, M.M., Baltar, F., Bodrossy, L., Van de Kamp, J., Frampton, D.M.F., Ostrowski, M., Van Ruth, P., Malthouse, P., Claus, S., Deneudt, K., Mortelmans, J., Pitois, S., Wallom, D., Salter, I., Costa, R., Schroeder, D.C., Kandil, M.M., Amaral, V., Biancalana, F., Santana, R., Pedrotti, M.L., Yoshida, T., Ogata, H., Ingleton, T., Munnik, K., Rodriguez-Ezpeleta, N., Berteaux-Lecellier, V., Wecker, P., Cancio, I., Vaulot, D., Bienhold, C., Ghazal, H., Chaouni, B., Essayer, S., Ettamimi, S., Zaid, E.H., Boukhatem, N., Bouali, A., Chahboune, R., Barrijal, S., Timinouni, M., El Otmani, F., Bennani, M., Mea, M., Todorova, N., Karamfilov, V., ten Hoopen, P., Cochrane, G., L'Haridon, S., Bizsel, K.C., Vezzi, A., Lauro, F.M., Martin, P., Jensen, R.M., Hinks, J., Gebbels, S., Rosselli, R., De Pascale, F., Schiavon, R., dos Santos, A., Villar, E., Pesant, S., Cataletto, B., Malfatti, F., Edirisinghe, R., Herrera Silveira, J.A., Barbier, M., Turk, V., Tinta, T., Fuller, W.J., Salihoglu, I., Serakinci, N., Ergoren, M.C., Bresnan, E., Iriberri, J., Nyhus, P.A.F., Bente, E., Karlsen, H.E., Golyshin, P.N., Gasol, J.M., Moncheva, S., Dzhembekova, N., Johnson, Z., Sinigalliano, C.D., Gidley, M.L., Zingone, A., Danovaro, R., Tsiamis, G., Clark, M.S., Costa, A.C., El Bour, M., Martins, A.M., Collins, R.E., Ducluzeau, A.-L., Martinez, J., Costello, M.J., Amaral-Zettler, L.A., Gilbert, J.A., Davies, N., Field, D., and Glóckner, F.O.

Subjects
Standards, Bacteria, Marine, Biodiversity
Abstract

Ocean Sampling Day was initiated by the EU-funded Micro B3 (Marine Microbial Biodiversity, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology) project to obtain a snapshot of the marine microbial biodiversity and function of the world’s oceans. It is a simultaneous global mega-sequencing campaign aiming to generate the largest standardized microbial data set in a single day. This will be achievable only through the coordinated efforts of an Ocean Sampling Day Consortium, supportive partnerships and networks between sites. This commentary outlines the establishment, function and aims of the Consortium and describes our vision for a sustainable study of marine microbial communities and their embedded functional traits.

Published
2015

12. Asthme et reflux gastro œsophagien

Author

Senhaji, L., El Otmani, F.-Z., Amara, B., Serraj, M., El Biaze, M., and Benjelloun, M.-C.

Abstract

L’asthme est une maladie inflammatoire chronique des voies aériennes. La prévalence du RGO est variable selon les études avec un retentissement sur le contrôle de l’asthme. L’objectif principal de notre étude est d’évaluer la prévalence du RGO dans une population d’asthmatique.

Published
2015
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13. The Ocean Sampling Day Consortium

Author

Oleksandra Bobrova, Petra ten Hoopen, Rodrigo Costa, Rania Siam, Rehab Z. Abdallah, Jorge A. Herrera Silveira, Catarina Magalhães, Nedime Serakinci, Marie E. DeLorenzo, Riccardo Rosselli, Paul Malthouse, Lise Øvreås, Eyjólfur Reynisson, Susan Gebbels, Francesca Malfatti, Frank Oliver Glöckner, Federico M. Lauro, Hans Erik Karlsen, David Wallom, Christian Jeanthon, Mark J. Costello, Fergal O'Gara, Nadezhda Todorova, Ana C. Costa, Monia El Bour, Paul D. van Ruth, Ivaylo Kostadinov, Martin Ostrowski, Jed A. Fuhrman, Viggo Marteinsson, Thierry Cariou, Hiroyuki Ogata, Maria Luiza Pedrotti, Emilie Villar, Federico Baltar, Sandi Orlić, Valentina Turk, Katja Lehmann, Dawn Field, Renzo Kottmann, Florence Jude-Lemeilleur, Daniel Vaulot, Alessandro Vezzi, Neil M Davies, Mahrous M. Kandil, Véronique Berteaux-Lecellier, Christopher D. Sinigalliano, Timothy W. Davis, Peter N. Golyshin, Stéphane L'Haridon, Jonathan A. Martinez, Sandra Ramos, Pascal Conan, Ma. Leopoldina Aguirre-Macedo, Antonio Fernandez-Guerra, Soumya Essayeh, Clara Loureiro, Edvardsen Bente, Noureddine Boukhatem, Rachelle M. Jensen, Sophie Pitois, Bouchra Chaouni, Kate Munnik, Anke Kremp, Stephane Pesant, Roberto Danovaro, Cecilia Alonso, Said Barrijal, Jodie van de Kamp, Michail M. Yakimov, Nicole J. Poulton, Zackary I. Johnson, Adriana Zingone, Bernardo Duarte, Ilkay Salihoglu, Paraskevi N. Polymenakou, Jack A. Gilbert, Melody S. Clark, Ian Salter, Hassan Ghazal, Julie LaRoche, J. Mortelmans, Ranjith Edirisinghe, Grazia Marina Quero, Dion Matthew Frederick Frampton, Isabel Caçador, Georgios Tsiamis, Declan C. Schroeder, Jamie Hinks, Ana Martins, Noga Stambler, Rachel Collin, João Canning-Clode, Tinkara Tinta, Mesude Bicak, Scott Jones, Valentina Amaral, Matthias S. Ullrich, Gunnar Gerdts, Klaas Deneudt, Michael Steinke, Mohamed Bennani, Rafael Santana, Fabio De Pascale, Jennifer Tolman, Juan Iriberri, Levente Bodrossy, Abderrahim Bouali, Antonella Penna, Bruno Cataletto, Josep M. Gasol, Florencia Biancalana, Maribeth L. Gidley, Stephen A. Jackson, Mahmut Cerkez Ergoren, Carolin R. Löscher, Antje Wichels, Ventzislav Karamfilov, R. Eric Collins, Sara Ettamimi, Riccardo Schiavon, Mohammed Timinouni, Christina Bienhold, Julia Schnetzer, Marc E. Frischer, Wayne J. Fuller, Simon Claus, Ibon Cancio, Guy Cochrane, Patrick Martin, Gian Marco Luna, Snejana Moncheva, Linda A. Amaral-Zettler, Eva C. Sonnenschein, Paul Anders Fronth Nyhus, Shiao Y. Wang, Antonina Dos Santos, Eyal Rahav, Eileen Bresnan, Anna Kopf, Barker Katherine, Michèle Barbier, Naiara Rodríguez-Ezpeleta, Kemal Can Bizsel, Tim Ingleton, Patricia Wecker, Julia A. Busch, Kelly D. Goodwin, El Houcine Zaid, Rajaa Chahboune, Takashi Yoshida, Fatima El Otmani, Marianna Mea, Nina Dzhembekova, Anne-Lise Ducluzeau, Christopher P. Meyer, Georgios Kotoulas, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Jacobs University [Bremen], University of Oxford, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Oxfordshire UK, Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research (IOLR), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), American University in Cairo, Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University College Cork (UCC), Curtin University [Perth], Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC), Institut Ruder Boskovic, Institut Ruđer Bošković (IRB), University of Essex, Carl Von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg = Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg (OFFIS), Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Smithonian Environmental Research Center, Research Center, Odessa National I.I.Mechnikov University, Matis Ltd, Universidade dos Açores, Istituto di Science Marine (ISMAR ), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), University of Bergen (UiB), Dalhousie University [Halifax], Università di Urbino, Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, Smithsonian Institution, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research [Matosinhos, Portugal] (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), Mississippi State University [Mississippi], Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, Smithsonian Marine Station, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, University of Southern California (USC), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC), Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Universidad de la República [Montevideo] (UDELAR), Bar-Ilan University [Israël], The Interuniversity Institute for marine Science in Eilat, IAMC-CNR, Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero &ndash, University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Macquarie University, South Australian Research and Development Institute (SARDI), South Australian Research and Development Institute, Flanders Marine Institute, VLIZ, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science [Weymouth] (CEFAS), University of Algarve [Portugal], Marine Biological Association of the UK, Department of Chemistry, Alexandria University [Alexandrie], Argentine Institute of Oceanography, Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Kyoto University, University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), Waters, wetlands & coasts Sydney, Lwande technologies Cape Town, AZTI (AZTI), AZTI, Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Université Mohammed Premier [Oujda], Université Mohammed V de Rabat [Agdal] (UM5), Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah (USMBA), Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi (UAE), Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Faculty of Sciences, Rabat, Morocco., Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS), European Bioinformatics Institute [Hinxton] (EMBL-EBI), EMBL Heidelberg, Université de Brest (UBO), Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi = Dokuz Eylül University [Izmir] (DEÜ), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Singapore centre for environmental life sciences engineering, Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], Indigo V Expeditions, Newcastle University [Newcastle], Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Information génomique et structurale (IGS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Bremen, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e di Oceanografia Sperimentale (OGS), Rajarata University of Sri-Lanka (RUSL), University of Southern Mississippi (USM), Mediterranean Science Commission, National institute of biology Fornace, Near East University, Marine Scotland Marine Laboratory, Kind of Blue Project ABS, University of Oslo (UiO), Marine biology research station, Bangor University, Institute of Marine Sciences / Institut de Ciències del Mar [Barcelona] (ICM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Fridtjof Nansen Institute of oceanology, Duke University [Durham], Miami University, Miami University [Ohio] (MU), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Polytechnic University of Marche, University of Patras, British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), INSTIM, University of Alaska [Fairbanks] (UAF), University of Hawaii, University of Auckland [Auckland], Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL), University of Chicago, Brown University, Zhejiang University, Argonne National Laboratory [Lemont] (ANL), Department of Mathematics [Berkeley], University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa, Kopf, A, Bicak, M, Kottmann, R, Schnetzer, J, Kostadinov, I, Lehmann, K, Fernandez-Guerra, A, Jeanthon, C, Rahav, E, Ullrich, M, Wichels, A, Gerdts, G, Polymenakou, P, Kotoulas, G, Siam, R, Abdallah, Rz, Sonnenschein, Ec, Cariou, T, O'Gara, F, Jackson, S, Orlic, S, Steinke, M, Busch, J, Duarte, B, Cacador, I, Canning-Clode, J, Bobrova, O, Marteinsson, V, Reynisson, E, Loureiro, Cm, Luna, Gm, Quero, Gm, Loscher, Cr, Kremp, A, Delorenzo, Me, Ovreas, L, Tolman, J, Laroche, J, Penna, A, Frischer, M, Davis, T, Katherine, B, Meyer, Cp, Ramos, S, Magalhaes, C, Jude-Lemeilleur, F, Aguirre-Macedo, Ml, Wang, S, Poulton, N, Jones, S, Collin, R, Fuhrman, Ja, Conan, P, Alonso, C, Stambler, N, Goodwin, K, Yakimov, Mm, Baltar, F, Bodrossy, L, Van De Kamp, J, Frampton, Dmf, Ostrowski, M, Van Ruth, P, Malthouse, P, Claus, S, Deneudt, K, Mortelmans, J, Pitois, S, Wallom, D, Salter, I, Costa, R, Schroeder, Dc, Kandil, Mm, Amaral, V, Biancalana, F, Santana, R, Pedrotti, Ml, Yoshida, T, Ogata, H, Ingleton, T, Munnik, K, Rodriguez-Ezpeleta, N, Berteaux-Lecellier, V, Wecker, P, Cancio, I, Vaulot, D, Bienhold, C, Ghazal, H, Chaouni, B, Essayeh, S, Ettamimi, S, Zaid, E, Boukhatem, N, Bouali, A, Chahboune, R, Barrijal, S, Timinouni, M, El Otmani, F, Bennani, M, Mea, M, Todorova, N, Karamfilov, V, ten Hoopen, P, Cochrane, G, L'Haridon, S, Bizsel, Kc, Vezzi, A, Lauro, Fm, Martin, P, Jensen, Rm, Hinks, J, Gebbels, S, Rosselli, R, De Pascale, F, Schiavon, R, dos Santos, A, Villar, E, Pesant, S, Cataletto, B, Malfatti, F, Edirisinghe, R, Silveira, Jah, Barbier, M, Turk, V, Tinta, T, Fuller, Wj, Salihoglu, I, Serakinci, N, Ergoren, Mc, Bresnan, E, Iriberri, J, Nyhus, Paf, Bente, E, Karlsen, He, Golyshin, Pn, Gasol, Jm, Moncheva, S, Dzhembekova, N, Johnson, Z, Sinigalliano, Cd, Gidley, Ml, Zingone, A, Danovaro, R, Tsiamis, G, Clark, M, Costa, Ac, El Bour, M, Martins, Am, Collins, Re, Ducluzeau, Al, Martinez, J, Costello, Mj, Amaral-Zettler, La, Gilbert, Ja, Davies, N, Field, D, Glockner, Fo, European Commission, University of Oxford [Oxford], Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research - IOLR (ISRAEL), Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (DTU), Carl Von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Universidade do Porto, UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Universidad de la República [Montevideo] (UCUR), Kyoto University [Kyoto], Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), University of Mohammed V, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Rajarata University of Sri-Lanka, University of Patras [Patras], University of California [Berkeley], and University of California-University of California

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Biodiversity, Marine life, 01 natural sciences, Bacteria, Genomics, Health Index, Marine, Metagenomics, Micro B3, Microorganism, OSD, Ocean sampling day, Standards, 11. Sustainability, Data and Information, Ocean Sampling Day, biodiversity, genomics, health index, bacteria, microorganism, metagenomics, marine, standards, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, Environmental resource management, Geology, Computer Science Applications, Interdisciplinary Natural Sciences, Microbial biodiversity, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Ocean sampling day, OSD, Biodiversity, Genomics, Health Index, Bacteria, Microorganism, Metagenomics,Marine, Micro B3, Standards, Oceans and Seas, Microorganisms, Marine Biology, Health Informatics, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, Biology, Ecology and Environment, Metagenomic, 03 medical and health sciences, Health index, Medisinske Fag: 700 [VDP], SDG 14 - Life Below Water, 14. Life underwater, 030304 developmental biology, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Ocean sampling, 13. Climate action, Commentary, Genomic, Database Management Systems, Global Ocean, business
Abstract

Kopf, Anna ... et. al.-- 5 pages, 1 figure.-- This manuscript is NOAA-GLERL contribution number 1763, Ocean Sampling Day was initiated by the EU-funded Micro B3 (Marine Microbial Biodiversity, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology) project to obtain a snapshot of the marine microbial biodiversity and function of the world’s oceans. It is a simultaneous global mega-sequencing campaign aiming to generate the largest standardized microbial data set in a single day. This will be achievable only through the coordinated efforts of an Ocean Sampling Day Consortium, supportive partnerships and networks between sites. This commentary outlines the establishment, function and aims of the Consortium and describes our vision for a sustainable study of marine microbial communities and their embedded functional traits, This work was supported by the Micro B3 project, which is funded from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7; Joint Call OCEAN.2011‐2: Marine microbial diversity – new insights into marine ecosystems functioning and its biotechnological potential) under the grant agreement no 287589

Published
2015

14. Detection of Carbapenemase Encoding Gene and Resistance to Cefiderocol in Hospital and Community eXtensive Drug Resistance and Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains in Morocco.

Author

Benzaarate I, El Otmani F, Khazaz A, Timinouni M, Bourjilat F, Bogaerts P, Huang TD, and Nayme K

Subjects
Morocco, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Carbapenems pharmacology, Hospitals, Drug Resistance, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Cefiderocol, Pseudomonas aeruginosa genetics, beta-Lactamases genetics
Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) remains among clinically-significant Gram-negative species. The carbapenems are often the last resort for treating infections due to multidrug resistant isolates such as Pa. The carbapenems' efficacy is increasingly compromised by the emergence and the rapid spread of Pa carrying carbapenemases which represent a serious threat to public health. This study aimed to establish the resistance profile and to identify carbapenemase genes in isolates with imipenem resistant phenotypes. Among 134 Pa isolates collected both in the community (46) and hospital (88) from January 2021 to December 2021 in Morocco, 18 (8 were from the community and 10 from the hospital settings) were carbapenem resistant. The identification of these strains has been confirmed using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF). The antibiotic susceptibility testing against 16 antibiotics was carried out and interpreted according to the recommendations of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (2021). The worrying antibiotics resistance profiles, which spread to cefiderocol for two isolates, were obtained for all isolates, which were eXtensive Drug Resistance showing highly resistant to all antibiotic categories tested, even to ceftolozane-tazobactam. Colistin (100% susceptible) and cefiderocol (88.88%) were the most active agents against carbapenem-resistant Pa (CRPa). Phenotypic detection by NP-CARBA and NG-CARBA tests of metallo‑β‑lactamase (MβL) production was confirmed by PCR amplification and sequencing. Three CRPa isolates coharboring bla VIM-2 - bla NDM-1 (two isolates) and bla VIM-2 - bla IMP-8 (one isolate) genes were detected. In this study, we describe the coexistence of these MβL genes and the cefiderocol resistance in CRPa strains in Morocco. The alarming antibiotic resistance patterns of all these CRPa isolates and their resistance genes emphasize the importance of antimicrobial susceptibility testing in the choice of antibiotics for treating Pa infections.

Published
2023
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15. New Insight into the Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial and Synergistic Effects of the Moroccan Endemic Thymus atlanticus (Ball) Roussine Essential Oil in Combination with Conventional Antibiotics.

Author

Nafis A, Iriti M, Ouchari L, El Otmani F, Marraiki N, Elgorban AM, Syed A, Mezrioui N, Hassani L, and Custódio L

Subjects
Morocco, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Antifungal Agents pharmacology, Bacteria drug effects, Candida albicans drug effects, Drug Synergism, Oils, Volatile pharmacology, Thymus Plant chemistry
Abstract

This study reported the volatile profile, the antimicrobial activity and the synergistic potential of essential oil (EO) from the Moroccan endemic Thymus atlanticus (Ball) Roussine, in combination with the antibiotics ciprofloxacin and fluconazole for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. The EO chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis and the antimicrobial activity assessed by the disc diffusion method against three Gram positive ( Bacillus subtilis , Micrococcus luteus , Staphylococcus aureus ) and three Gram-negative bacteria ( Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Escherichia coli and one clinical isolate, Klebsiella pneumonia ). The antifungal activity was evaluated in four pathogenic yeasts ( Candida albicans , C. glabrata , C. krusei and C. parapsilosis ). The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and the synergistic effect with ciprofloxacin and fluconazole were determined by the two-fold dilution technique and checkerboard test, respectively. Twenty-one constituents were identified by GC-MS in the EO, including carvacrol (21.62%) and borneol (21.13%) as the major components. The EO exhibited a significant antimicrobial activity with inhibition zones ranging from 0.7 mm to 22 mm for P. aeruginosa and B. subtilis , respectively, and MIC values varying from 0.56 mg/mL to 4.47 mg/mL. The fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) values ranged from 0.25 to 0.50 for bacteria and from 0.25 to 0.28 for yeasts. The maximum synergistic effect was observed for K. pneumonia with a 256-fold gain of antibiotic MIC. Our results have suggested that EO from T. atlanticus may be used alone or in association with antibiotics as a new potential alternative to prevent and control the emergence of resistant microbial strains both in the medical field and in the food industry.

Published
2021
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16. Genotypic characterization of quinolone resistant-Escherichia coli isolates from retail food in Morocco.

Author

Nayme K, Barguigua A, Bouchrif B, Karraouan B, El Otmani F, Elmdaghri N, Zerouali K, and Timinouni M

Subjects
Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, DNA Gyrase genetics, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial drug effects, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial genetics, Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field, Escherichia coli isolation & purification, Escherichia coli pathogenicity, Humans, Morocco, Mutation, Phylogeny, Plasmids, Quinolones pharmacology, Virulence genetics, Drug Resistance, Bacterial genetics, Escherichia coli drug effects, Escherichia coli genetics, Food Microbiology, Nalidixic Acid pharmacology
Abstract

This study was conducted to assess the retail food as a possible vehicle for antimicrobial resistant, particularly quinolones resistant and pathogenic Escherichia coli. We determined the prevalence and characteristics of nalidixic acid (Nal) resistant E. coli isolates from diverse retail food samples. In all, 70 (28%) of 250 E. coli isolates studied were Nal-resistant E. coli and 91% of these were multi-drug resistant. Plasmid mediated quinolone resistance genes were identified in 32 isolates, including aac(6')-Ib-cr (n = 16), qnrS1 (n = 11) and qnrB19 (n = 7). Mutations in gyr A and par C genes were detected among 80% of the isolates, and the isolates showed substitution Ser83-Leu and Asp87-Asn in gyrA and Ser80-Ile in parC. In addition, three different gene cassettes were identified (aadA1, aadA7, aac(3)-Id) in 18%. Virulence-associated genes stx1, eae, sfa, hlyA and stx2 were found in six (8%), three (4%), two (3%), three (4%) and three (4%) isolates, respectively. E. coli isolates of phylogenetic group A were dominant (64%, 45/70). Pulsed field gel electrophoresis revealed none epidemiological relationship between these isolates. The results of this work report the higher frequency of Nal-resistant E. coli isolates from Moroccan retail food samples including MDR and pathogenic isolates.

Published
2017
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17. The ocean sampling day consortium.

Author

Kopf A, Bicak M, Kottmann R, Schnetzer J, Kostadinov I, Lehmann K, Fernandez-Guerra A, Jeanthon C, Rahav E, Ullrich M, Wichels A, Gerdts G, Polymenakou P, Kotoulas G, Siam R, Abdallah RZ, Sonnenschein EC, Cariou T, O'Gara F, Jackson S, Orlic S, Steinke M, Busch J, Duarte B, Caçador I, Canning-Clode J, Bobrova O, Marteinsson V, Reynisson E, Loureiro CM, Luna GM, Quero GM, Löscher CR, Kremp A, DeLorenzo ME, Øvreås L, Tolman J, LaRoche J, Penna A, Frischer M, Davis T, Katherine B, Meyer CP, Ramos S, Magalhães C, Jude-Lemeilleur F, Aguirre-Macedo ML, Wang S, Poulton N, Jones S, Collin R, Fuhrman JA, Conan P, Alonso C, Stambler N, Goodwin K, Yakimov MM, Baltar F, Bodrossy L, Van De Kamp J, Frampton DM, Ostrowski M, Van Ruth P, Malthouse P, Claus S, Deneudt K, Mortelmans J, Pitois S, Wallom D, Salter I, Costa R, Schroeder DC, Kandil MM, Amaral V, Biancalana F, Santana R, Pedrotti ML, Yoshida T, Ogata H, Ingleton T, Munnik K, Rodriguez-Ezpeleta N, Berteaux-Lecellier V, Wecker P, Cancio I, Vaulot D, Bienhold C, Ghazal H, Chaouni B, Essayeh S, Ettamimi S, Zaid el H, Boukhatem N, Bouali A, Chahboune R, Barrijal S, Timinouni M, El Otmani F, Bennani M, Mea M, Todorova N, Karamfilov V, Ten Hoopen P, Cochrane G, L'Haridon S, Bizsel KC, Vezzi A, Lauro FM, Martin P, Jensen RM, Hinks J, Gebbels S, Rosselli R, De Pascale F, Schiavon R, Dos Santos A, Villar E, Pesant S, Cataletto B, Malfatti F, Edirisinghe R, Silveira JA, Barbier M, Turk V, Tinta T, Fuller WJ, Salihoglu I, Serakinci N, Ergoren MC, Bresnan E, Iriberri J, Nyhus PA, Bente E, Karlsen HE, Golyshin PN, Gasol JM, Moncheva S, Dzhembekova N, Johnson Z, Sinigalliano CD, Gidley ML, Zingone A, Danovaro R, Tsiamis G, Clark MS, Costa AC, El Bour M, Martins AM, Collins RE, Ducluzeau AL, Martinez J, Costello MJ, Amaral-Zettler LA, Gilbert JA, Davies N, Field D, and Glöckner FO

Subjects
Biodiversity, Database Management Systems, Metagenomics, Oceans and Seas, Marine Biology
Abstract

Ocean Sampling Day was initiated by the EU-funded Micro B3 (Marine Microbial Biodiversity, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology) project to obtain a snapshot of the marine microbial biodiversity and function of the world's oceans. It is a simultaneous global mega-sequencing campaign aiming to generate the largest standardized microbial data set in a single day. This will be achievable only through the coordinated efforts of an Ocean Sampling Day Consortium, supportive partnerships and networks between sites. This commentary outlines the establishment, function and aims of the Consortium and describes our vision for a sustainable study of marine microbial communities and their embedded functional traits.

Published
2015
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18. Correlation between staphylococcal biofilm formation in vitro and potential for catheter-related infections.

Author

Oufrid S, Ghazlane Z, Jamali L, El Otmani F, Talmi M, Elmdaghri N, Zerouali K, and Timinouni M

Subjects
Bacterial Proteins genetics, Humans, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Staphylococcus genetics, Staphylococcus growth & development, Staphylococcus isolation & purification, Virulence Factors genetics, Biofilms growth & development, Catheter-Related Infections microbiology, Staphylococcal Infections microbiology, Staphylococcus physiology
Abstract

Introduction: The present study evaluated biofilm-forming capacity and the presence of both icaA and icaD genes among staphylococcal strains isolated from catheter-related infections and blood culture., Methodology: Ninety staphylococcal isolates, which included 45 strains of catheter infection origin and 45 strains of blood culture origin, were tested for their ability to produce biofilm using microtiter test plates and a catheter test. The presence of icaA and icaD genes was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)., Results: Of the 45 strains of catheter infection origin, 22 (48.88%) formed biofilm. In comparison, only 10 (22.22%) of the 45 strains of blood culture origin formed biofilms. Similar results were obtained from both the microplate test and catheter test. In the 32 strains that were able to form biofilm, 30 were positive for icaA and icaD genes, and the remaining 2 strains were negative for both genes. Fifteen staphylococcal strains of all origins presented only the icaA locus and did not form biofilm. In 88 of 90 tested strains (97.77%), there was a positive correlation between biofilm production and presence of icaA and icaD genes, and between no biofilm production and absence of both or only one of the tested genes., Conclusions: The ability of staphylococcal isolates to form biofilm in vitro appears to be an indication of a virulence trait that enhances the ability of isolates to cause catheter-related infections. In addition, our results indicate an important role of ica genes and phenotypic variability of biofilm production as virulence factors in staphylococcal infections.

Published
2015
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19. Occurrence of OXA-48 and NDM-1 carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Moroccan university hospital in Casablanca, Morocco.

Author

Barguigua A, Zerouali K, Katfy K, El Otmani F, Timinouni M, and Elmdaghri N

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Child, Child, Preschool, Conjugation, Genetic, Female, Humans, Infant, Klebsiella Infections epidemiology, Klebsiella pneumoniae drug effects, Male, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Middle Aged, Morocco epidemiology, Prevalence, Young Adult, Cross Infection, Hospitals, University, Klebsiella Infections microbiology, Klebsiella pneumoniae genetics, beta-Lactamases genetics
Abstract

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the prevalence and the characteristics of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiellapneumoniae isolates recovered from various clinical specimens in the university hospital of Casablanca, in Morocco. We conducted a prospective study on a total of 166 K. pneumoniae isolates collected from June to August 2011. The strains suspected to carry carbapenemase showed reduced susceptibility to imipenem or ertapenem. The PCR and a sequencing strategy were used to identify carbapenemases, expended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL), plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases, plasmid mediated quinolone resistance and aminoglycoside resistance determinants. The clonal relationships between isolates were analyzed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Among the 166 K. pneumoniae isolates studied, 11 (6%) were carbapenemases producers, 9 of which harbored blaOXA-48 and 2 were positive for blaNDM-1. All carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae were also ESBL producers and the blaCTX-M-15 was the most frequent ESBL gene detected (n=9), blaCTX-M-28 and blaSHV-28 were also encountered in one isolate each. The K.pneumoniae isolates carried also non-ESBL genes blaTEM-1 (n=9), blaSHV-1 (n=8) and blaOXA-1 (n=3). Five isolates harbored qnr genes, qnrS1 (n=3) and qnrB1 (n=2) variants. Six isolates were positive for aac(6')-Ib-cr gene and two for aac(3)-II gene. The class 1 integron was detected in five isolates. PFGE has revealed the presence of a clonal dissemination in our hospital. The results of conjugation experiments indicated that blaOXA-48+blaCTX-M-15, blaOXA-48+blaCTX-M-28, blaNDM-1+blaCTX-M-15+blaTEM-1+blaOXA-1+qnrS1+aac(6')-Ib-cr and blaNDM-1+blaCTX-M-15+blaTEM-1+qnrB1+aac(6')-Ib-cr genes were co-transferred and that these genes were carried by a conjugative plasmid of high molecular weight., (Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Published
2015
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20. Fecal carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in community setting in Casablanca.

Author

Barguigua A, Ouair H, El Otmani F, Saile R, El Mdaghri N, El Azhari M, and Timinouni M

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Ciprofloxacin pharmacology, Enterobacter cloacae drug effects, Enterobacter cloacae enzymology, Enterobacter cloacae genetics, Female, Humans, Klebsiella pneumoniae drug effects, Klebsiella pneumoniae enzymology, Klebsiella pneumoniae genetics, Male, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Middle Aged, Morocco, Norfloxacin pharmacology, Serratia drug effects, Serratia enzymology, Serratia genetics, Young Adult, beta-Lactam Resistance, beta-Lactamases genetics, Carrier State epidemiology, Enterobacteriaceae Infections epidemiology, Feces microbiology
Abstract

Background: The importance of community-acquired infections due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) has been increasingly recognized in recent years. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal carriage of ESBL-PE in the community in Casablanca, Morocco., Methods: During 6 months (2013), 93 fecal samples were examined for ESBL-PE. Isolates expressing an ESBL phenotype were investigated for the presence of genes encoding β-lactamases and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance. Conjugation experiments were done to determine the mobility of ESBL genes., Results: The prevalence of fecal carriage of ESBL-PE was 4.3% (4/93; 95% CI, 0.2-8.4). Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 2), Enterobacter cloacae (n = 2), Escherichia coli (n = 1), and Serratia odorifera (n = 1) were the ESBL-producing species. Four (66.7%) of these isolates were multidrug-resistant. The blaSHV-12 (n = 5) was the most frequent ESBL gene detected, followed by blaCTX-M-15 (n = 3).The non-ESBL gene detected was blaTEM-1 (n = 5). One isolate harbored the qnrB1 variant. RESULTS of conjugation experiments indicated that blaSHV-12 + blaTEM-1 + qnrB1 and blaCTX-M-15 + blaTEM-1 genes were co-transferred and that these genes were carried by a conjugative plasmid of high molecular weight (125 kb)., Conclusion: Our results show the importance of the intestinal tract as a reservoir for ESBL-PE in the community in Morocco.

Published
2015
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21. Prevalence and types of extended spectrum β-lactamases among urinary Escherichia coli isolates in Moroccan community.

Author

Barguigua A, El Otmani F, Talmi M, Zerouali K, and Timinouni M

Subjects
Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial genetics, Escherichia coli drug effects, Escherichia coli genetics, Escherichia coli Infections microbiology, Genetic Variation, Humans, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Morocco epidemiology, Phylogeny, Plasmids, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Prevalence, Urinary Tract Infections microbiology, Escherichia coli enzymology, Escherichia coli isolation & purification, Escherichia coli Infections epidemiology, Urinary Tract Infections epidemiology, beta-Lactamases classification, beta-Lactamases genetics
Abstract

This study was designed to characterize extended-spectrum-β-lactamases (ESBL) produced by Escherichia coli isolates causing community urinary tract infections over a 2-year period (2010 and 2011) in a Moroccan large geographical region. Molecular characterization was done by using PCR and sequencing of the β-lactamases genes and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants. Among 1174 isolates, 49 (4.1%) were ESBL producers. The blaCTx-M-15 (n = 31) was the most frequent ESBL gene detected, followed by blaCTx-M-1 (n = 5), blaSHV-12 (n = 6), blaPER-2 (n = 3), then blaTEM-3, blaTEM-20, blaTEM-158, blaSHV-27, blaSHV-28, blaSHV-36, blaSHV-125, blaCTx-M-14 and blaCTx-M-27 with one isolate for each. The non-ESBL genes detected were blaTEM-70 (n = 1), blaTEM-176 (n = 1), blaTEM-104 (n = 6), blaTEM-1 (n = 15) and blaOxA-1 (n = 12). Plasmid mediated AmpC β-lactamases genes; blaACT-5 (n = 1), blaDHA-1(n = 2) and blaCMY-2 (n = 4) were detected in seven isolates (14.2%). The blaOxA-48 (n = 1) and blaIMP-1 (n = 1) carbapenemases genes were detected among five carbapenem-resistant E. coli. Five isolates (10.2%) harboured qnr genes, qnrB1 (n = 3), qnrB2 (n = 1) and qnrS1 (n = 1) type were detected. Thirty isolates (61.2%) were positive for aac(6')-Ib-cr gene. The class 1 integron was detected in twenty two (44.8%) isolates. Phylogenetic grouping revealed that 22 (44.8%) isolates belonged to group A, while 15 (30.6%), 11 (22.4%) and 1 (2%) belonged to B2, D and B1. Results of conjugation experiments indicated that blaCTx-M-15, blaTEM-1, blaOxA-1, aac(6')-Ib-cr and qnrB1 genes were co-transferred and that these genes were carried by a conjugative plasmid of high molecular weight. The results of this work reports the genetic diversity of ESBL genes, with the CTX-M-15 enzyme being the most common among ESBL-producing E. coli in Moroccan community., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2013
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22. First report of a Klebsiella pneumoniae strain coproducing NDM-1, VIM-1 and OXA-48 carbapenemases isolated in Morocco.

Author

Barguigua A, El Otmani F, Lakbakbi El Yaagoubi F, Talmi M, Zerouali K, and Timinouni M

Subjects
Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Genes, Bacterial, Humans, Klebsiella Infections drug therapy, Klebsiella Infections urine, Klebsiella pneumoniae genetics, Klebsiella pneumoniae metabolism, Male, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Middle Aged, Morocco, beta-Lactamases genetics, Klebsiella pneumoniae isolation & purification, beta-Lactamases metabolism
Published
2013
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23. Prevalence and genotypic analysis of plasmid-mediated β-lactamases among urinary Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Moroccan community.

Author

Barguigua A, El Otmani F, Talmi M, Reguig A, Jamali L, Zerouali K, and Timinouni M

Subjects
Base Sequence, DNA Primers, Drug Resistance, Microbial genetics, Genotype, Humans, Klebsiella pneumoniae drug effects, Klebsiella pneumoniae enzymology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Morocco, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Klebsiella pneumoniae genetics, Plasmids, beta-Lactamases metabolism
Abstract

The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence and molecular characterization of the extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from community acquired urinary tract infections and collected in five Moroccan cities during a 2010 survey. In all, 34 (7.5%) of the 453 K. pneumoniae isolates studied were positive for an ESBL phenotype and 91.1% of these isolates were multidrug resistant. The bla(CTX-M-15) (n=31) was the most frequent ESBL genes detected, followed equally by bla(SHV-28) and bla(SHV-12) (n=3), then bla(TEM-3), bla(SHV-36), bla(SHV-110) and bla(CTX-M-1) with one isolate for each (n=1). Eight isolates co-expressed more than one ESBL with bla(CTX-M-15). The non-ESBL genes detected were bla(SHV-1), bla(SHV-11), bla(SHV-32), bla(SHV-26), bla(SHV-76), bla(TEM-1), bla(TEM-1b) and bla(OXA-1). Plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamase genes, bla(ACT-2), bla(DHA-1) and a new β-lacatamase named bla(EBC-1464), were detected in 11.7% of isolates. Fourteen (41.1%) isolates harbored qnr genes; qnrA6 (n=1), qnrB1 (n=8), qnrB2 (n=1) and qnrS1 (n=4) types were detected. Twenty-six isolates (76.4%) were positive for aac(6')-Ib-cr gene. Results of conjugation experiments indicated that bla(CTX-M-15), bla(TEM-1b), bla(OXA-1), aac(6')-Ib-cr and qnrB1 genes were co-transferred and that these genes were carried by a conjugative plasmid of high molecular weight. With the exception of qnrB1, all the antibiotic resistance genes were clustered in a 12-kb region. The results of this work report the genetic diversity of ESBL genes, with the CTX-M-15 enzyme being most common among ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae in Moroccan community. Furthermore, a major finding is that bla(EBC-1464) detection is a first in Morocco.

Published
2013
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24. Emergence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates in the Moroccan community.

Author

Barguigua A, El Otmani F, Talmi M, Zerouali K, and Timinouni M

Subjects
Bacterial Proteins genetics, Enterobacteriaceae genetics, Genotype, Humans, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Morocco, beta-Lactamases genetics, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Carbapenems pharmacology, Enterobacteriaceae drug effects, Enterobacteriaceae isolation & purification, Enterobacteriaceae Infections microbiology, beta-Lactam Resistance
Published
2012
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25. Characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from the community in Morocco.

Author

Barguigua A, El Otmani F, Talmi M, Bourjilat F, Haouzane F, Zerouali K, and Timinouni M

Subjects
Cluster Analysis, Conjugation, Genetic, DNA, Bacterial chemistry, DNA, Bacterial genetics, Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field, Escherichia coli classification, Escherichia coli genetics, Escherichia coli isolation & purification, Genes, Bacterial, Genotype, Humans, Klebsiella pneumoniae isolation & purification, Molecular Typing, Morocco, Plasmids analysis, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Urinary Tract Infections microbiology, beta-Lactamases genetics, Community-Acquired Infections microbiology, Escherichia coli enzymology, Escherichia coli Infections microbiology, Klebsiella Infections microbiology, Klebsiella pneumoniae enzymology, beta-Lactamases biosynthesis
Abstract

Of 803 community Escherichia coli (n = 767) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 36) isolates collected from patients with urinary tract infections in three Moroccan cities, 10 E. coli (1.3%) and 2 K. pneumoniae (5.6 %) isolates were shown to produce extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). PFGE revealed that the E. coli isolates comprised seven distinct genotypes. The presence of plasmids in the 12 isolates was revealed by conjugation experiments of plasmids from these Enterobacteriaceae strains with E. coli K(12)J(5), with further isolation of the plasmids in the transconjugants. Subsequent nucleotide sequencing indicated that the plasmids encoded the bla(CTX-M), bla(OXA), bla(TEM) and bla(SHV) genes, including genes for CTX-M-15 (n = 11), OXA-1 (n = 11), TEM-1b (n = 4), SHV-5 (n = 1) and SHV-1 (n = 2). Identification of plasmid-mediated quinolone-resistance genes was performed by PCR. The aac(6')Ib-cr variant was detected in all strains, and two strains co-expressed qnrS1, bla(CTX-M-15) and bla(OXA-1) genes. The presence of ESBLs in the Enterobacteriaceae strains studied was probably due to the dissemination of resistance plasmids with the predominant genotype of bla(CTX-M-15.).

Published
2011
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