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3. Observations of Aerosol, Cloud, Turbulence, and Radiation Properties at the Top of the Marine Boundary Layer over the Eastern North Atlantic Ocean : The ACORES Campaign

Author

Siebert, Holger, Szodry, Kai-Erik, Egerer, Ulrike, Wehner, Birgit, Henning, Silvia, Chevalier, Karine, Lückerath, Janine, Welz, Oliver, Weinhold, Kay, Lauermann, Felix, Gottschalk, Matthias, Ehrlich, André, Wendisch, Manfred, Fialho, Paulo, Roberts, Greg, Allwayin, Nithin, Schum, Simeon, Shaw, Raymond A., Mazzoleni, Claudio, Mazzoleni, Lynn, Nowak, Jakub L., Malinowski, Szymon P., Karpinska, Katarzyna, Kumala, Wojciech, Czyzewska, Dominika, Luke, Edward P., Kollias, Pavlos, Wood, Robert, and Mellado, Juan Pedro

Published
2021

5. Remote Sensing of Arctic Atmospheric Aerosols

Author

Kokhanovsky, Alexander, Tomasi, Claudio, Smirnov, Alexander, Herber, Andreas, Neuber, Roland, Ehrlich, André, Lupi, Angelo, Petkov, Boyan H., Mazzola, Mauro, Ritter, Christoph, Toledano, Carlos, Carlund, Thomas, Vitale, Vito, Holben, Brent, Zielinski, Tymon, Bélanger, Simon, Larouche, Pierre, Kinne, Stefan, Radionov, Vladimir, Wendisch, Manfred, Tackett, Jason L., Winker, David M., Ford, James, Series Editor, Kokhanovsky, Alexander, editor, and Tomasi, Claudio, editor

Published
2020
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6. Airborne Remote Sensing of Arctic Clouds

Author

Ehrlich, André, Schäfer, Michael, Ruiz-Donoso, Elena, Wendisch, Manfred, Kokhanovsky, Alexander, Series Editor, Henning, Thomas, Editorial Board Member, Kattawar, George, Editorial Board Member, Kopelevich, Oleg, Editorial Board Member, Liou, Kuo-Nan, Editorial Board Member, Mishchenko, Michael, Editorial Board Member, Perelman, Lev, Editorial Board Member, Stamnes, Knut, Editorial Board Member, Stephens, Graeme, Editorial Board Member, van Tiggelen, Bart, Editorial Board Member, and Tomasi, Claudio, Editorial Board Member

Published
2020
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7. A HIGH-ALTITUDE LONG-RANGE AIRCRAFT CONFIGURED AS A CLOUD OBSERVATORY : The NARVAL Expeditions

Author

Stevens, Bjorn, Ament, Felix, Bony, Sandrine, Crewell, Susanne, Ewald, Florian, Gross, Silke, Hansen, Akio, Hirsch, Lutz, Jacob, Marek, Kölling, Tobias, Konow, Heike, Mayer, Bernhard, Wendisch, Manfred, Wirth, Martin, Wolf, Kevin, Bakan, Stephan, Bauer-Pfundstein, Matthias, Brueck, Matthias, Delanoë, Julien, Ehrlich, André, Farrell, David, Forde, Marvin, Gödde, Felix, Grob, Hans, Hagen, Martin, Jäkel, Evelyn, Jansen, Friedhelm, Klepp, Christian, Klingebiel, Marcus, Mech, Mario, Peters, Gerhard, Rapp, Markus, Wing, Allison A., and Zinner, Tobias

Published
2019

8. THE ARCTIC CLOUD PUZZLE : Using ACLOUD/PASCAL Multiplatform Observations to Unravel the Role of Clouds and Aerosol Particles in Arctic Amplification

Author

Wendisch, Manfred, Macke, Andreas, Ehrlich, André, Lüpkes, Christof, Mech, Mario, Chechin, Dmitry, Dethloff, Klaus, Velasco, Carola Barrientos, Bozem, Heiko, Brückner, Marlen, Clemen, Hans-Christian, Crewell, Susanne, Donth, Tobias, Dupuy, Regis, Ebell, Kerstin, Egerer, Ulrike, Engelmann, Ronny, Engler, Christa, Eppers, Oliver, Gehrmann, Martin, Gong, Xianda, Gottschalk, Matthias, Gourbeyre, Christophe, Griesche, Hannes, Hartmann, Jörg, Hartmann, Markus, Heinold, Bernd, Herber, Andreas, Herrmann, Hartmut, Heygster, Georg, Hoor, Peter, Jafariserajehlou, Soheila, Jäkel, Evelyn, Järvinen, Emma, Jourdan, Olivier, Kästner, Udo, Kecorius, Simonas, Knudsen, Erlend M., Köllner, Franziska, Kretzschmar, Jan, Lelli, Luca, Leroy, Delphine, Maturilli, Marion, Mei, Linlu, Mertes, Stephan, Mioche, Guillaume, Neuber, Roland, Nicolaus, Marcel, Nomokonova, Tatiana, Notholt, Justus, Palm, Mathias, van Pinxteren, Manuela, Quaas, Johannes, Richter, Philipp, Ruiz-Donoso, Elena, Schäfer, Michael, Schmieder, Katja, Schnaiter, Martin, Schneider, Johannes, Schwarzenböck, Alfons, Seifert, Patric, Shupe, Matthew D., Siebert, Holger, Spreen, Gunnar, Stapf, Johannes, Stratmann, Frank, Vogl, Teresa, Welti, André, Wex, Heike, Wiedensohler, Alfred, Zanatta, Marco, and Zeppenfeld, Sebastian

Published
2019

9. THE NORTH ATLANTIC WAVEGUIDE AND DOWNSTREAM IMPACT EXPERIMENT

Author

Schäfler, Andreas, Craig, George, Wernli, Heini, Arbogast, Philippe, Doyle, James D., McTaggart-Cowan, Ron, Methven, John, Rivière, Gwendal, Ament, Felix, Boettcher, Maxi, Bramberger, Martina, Cazenave, Quitterie, Cotton, Richard, Crewell, Susanne, Delanoë, Julien, Dörnbrack, Andreas, Ehrlich, André, Ewald, Florian, Fix, Andreas, Grams, Christian M., Gray, Suzanne L., Grob, Hans, Groß, Silke, Hagen, Martin, Harvey, Ben, Hirsch, Lutz, Jacob, Marek, Kölling, Tobias, Konow, Heike, Lemmerz, Christian, Lux, Oliver, Magnusson, Linus, Mayer, Bernhard, Mech, Mario, Moore, Richard, Pelon, Jacques, Quinting, Julian, Rahm, Stephan, Rapp, Markus, Rautenhaus, Marc, Reitebuch, Oliver, Reynolds, Carolyn A., Sodemann, Harald, Spengler, Thomas, Vaughan, Geraint, Wendisch, Manfred, Wirth, Martin, Witschas, Benjamin, Wolf, Kevin, and Zinner, Tobias

Published
2018

11. 3D chitinous scaffolds derived from cultivated marine demosponge Aplysina aerophoba for tissue engineering approaches based on human mesenchymal stromal cells

Author

Mutsenko, Vitalii V., Bazhenov, Vasilii V., Rogulska, Olena, Tarusin, Dmitriy N., Schütz, Kathleen, Brüggemeier, Sophie, Gossla, Elke, Akkineni, Ashwini R., Meißner, Heike, Lode, Anja, Meschke, Stephan, Ehrlich, Andre, Petović, Slavica, Martinović, Rajko, Djurović, Mirko, Stelling, Allison L., Nikulin, Sergey, Rodin, Sergey, Tonevitsky, Alexander, Gelinsky, Michael, Petrenko, Alexander Y., Glasmacher, Birgit, and Ehrlich, Hermann

Published
2017
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12. ML-CIRRUS : THE AIRBORNE EXPERIMENT ON NATURAL CIRRUS AND CONTRAIL CIRRUS WITH THE HIGH-ALTITUDE LONG-RANGE RESEARCH AIRCRAFT HALO

Author

Voigt, Christiane, Schumann, Ulrich, Minikin, Andreas, Abdelmonem, Ahmed, Afchine, Armin, Borrmann, Stephan, Boettcher, Maxi, Buchholz, Bernhard, Bugliaro, Luca, Costa, Anja, Curtius, Joachim, Dollner, Maximilian, Dörnbrack, Andreas, Dreiling, Volker, Ebert, Volker, Ehrlich, Andre, Fix, Andreas, Forster, Linda, Frank, Fabian, Fütterer, Daniel, Giez, Andreas, Graf, Kaspar, Grooß, Jens-Uwe, Groß, Silke, Heimerl, Katharina, Heinold, Bernd, Hüneke, Tilman, Järvinen, Emma, Jurkat, Tina, Kaufmann, Stefan, Kenntner, Mareike, Klingebiel, Marcus, Klimach, Thomas, Kohl, Rebecca, Krämer, Martina, Krisna, Trismono Candra, Luebke, Anna, Mayer, Bernhard, Mertes, Stephan, Molleker, Sergej, Petzold, Andreas, Pfeilsticker, Klaus, Port, Max, Rapp, Markus, Reutter, Philipp, Rolf, Christian, Rose, Diana, Sauer, Daniel, Schäfler, Andreas, Schlage, Romy, Schnaiter, Martin, Schneider, Johannes, Spelten, Nicole, Spichtinger, Peter, Stock, Paul, Walser, Adrian, Weigel, Ralf, Weinzierl, Bernadett, Wendisch, Manfred, Werner, Frank, Wernli, Heini, Wirth, Martin, Zahn, Andreas, Ziereis, Helmut, and Zöger, Martin

Published
2017

13. ACRIDICON–CHUVA CAMPAIGN : Studying Tropical Deep Convective Clouds and Precipitation over Amazonia Using the New German Research Aircraft HALO

Author

Wendisch, Manfred, Pöschl, Ulrich, Andreae, Meinrat O., Machado, Luiz A. T., Albrecht, Rachel, Schlager, Hans, Rosenfeld, Daniel, Martin, Scot T., Abdelmonem, Ahmed, Afchine, Armin, Araùjo, Alessandro C., Artaxo, Paulo, Aufmhoff, Heinfried, Barbosa, Henrique M. J., Borrmann, Stephan, Braga, Ramon, Buchholz, Bernhard, Cecchini, Micael Amore, Costa, Anja, Curtius, Joachim, Dollner, Maximilian, Dorf, Marcel, Dreiling, Volker, Ebert, Volker, Ehrlich, André, Ewald, Florian, Fisch, Gilberto, Fix, Andreas, Frank, Fabian, Fütterer, Daniel, Heckl, Christopher, Heidelberg, Fabian, Hüneke, Tilman, Jäkel, Evelyn, Järvinen, Emma, Jurkat, Tina, Kanter, Sandra, Kästner, Udo, Kenntner, Mareike, Kesselmeier, Jürgen, Klimach, Thomas, Knecht, Matthias, Kohl, Rebecca, Kölling, Tobias, Krämer, Martina, Krüger, Mira, Krisna, Trismono Candra, Lavric, Jost V., Longo, Karla, Mahnke, Christoph, Manzi, Antonio O., Mayer, Bernhard, Mertes, Stephan, Minikin, Andreas, Molleker, Sergej, Münch, Steffen, Nillius, Björn, Pfeilsticker, Klaus, Pöhlker, Christopher, Roiger, Anke, Rose, Diana, Rosenow, Dagmar, Sauer, Daniel, Schnaiter, Martin, Schneider, Johannes, Schulz, Christiane, de Souza, Rodrigo A. F., Spanu, Antonio, Stock, Paul, Vila, Daniel, Voigt, Christiane, Walser, Adrian, Walter, David, Weigel, Ralf, Weinzierl, Bernadett, Werner, Frank, Yamasoe, Marcia A., Ziereis, Helmut, Zinner, Tobias, and Zöger, Martin

Published
2016

16. First report on chitinous holdfast in sponges (Porifera)

Author

Ehrlich, Hermann, Kaluzhnaya, Oksana V., Tsurkan, Mikhail V., Ereskovsky, Alexander, Tabachnick, Konstantin R., Ilan, Micha, Stelling, Allison, Galli, Roberta, Petrova, Olga V., Nekipelov, Serguei V., Sivkov, Victor N., Vyalikh, Denis, Born, René, Behm, Thomas, Ehrlich, Andre, Chernogor, Lubov I., Belikov, Sergei, Janussen, Dorte, Bazhenov, Vasilii V., and Wörheide, Gert

Published
2013
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17. MOSAiC-ACA and AFLUX - Arctic airborne campaigns characterizing the exit area of MOSAiC

Author

Mech, Mario, Ehrlich, Andre, Herber, Andreas, Lüpkes, Christof, Wendisch, Manfred, Becker, Sebastian, Boose, Yvonne, Chechin, Dmitry, Crewell, Susanne, Dupuy, Regis, Gourbeyre, Christophe, Hartmann, Jörg, Jäkel, Evelyn, Jourdan, Olivier, Kliesch, Leif-Leonard, Klingebiel, Marcus, Kulla, Birte Solveig, Mioche, Guillaume, Moser, Manuel, Risse, Nils, Ruiz-Donoso, Elena, Schäfer, Michael, Stapf, Johannes, Voigt, Christiane, Mech, Mario, Ehrlich, Andre, Herber, Andreas, Lüpkes, Christof, Wendisch, Manfred, Becker, Sebastian, Boose, Yvonne, Chechin, Dmitry, Crewell, Susanne, Dupuy, Regis, Gourbeyre, Christophe, Hartmann, Jörg, Jäkel, Evelyn, Jourdan, Olivier, Kliesch, Leif-Leonard, Klingebiel, Marcus, Kulla, Birte Solveig, Mioche, Guillaume, Moser, Manuel, Risse, Nils, Ruiz-Donoso, Elena, Schäfer, Michael, Stapf, Johannes, and Voigt, Christiane

Abstract

Two airborne field campaigns focusing on observations of Arctic mixed-phase clouds and boundary layer processes and their role with respect to Arctic amplification have been carried out in spring 2019 and late summer 2020 over the Fram Strait northwest of Svalbard. The latter campaign was closely connected to the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition. Comprehensive datasets of the cloudy Arctic atmosphere have been collected by operating remote sensing instruments, in-situ probes, instruments for the measurement of turbulent fluxes of energy and momentum, and dropsondes on board the AWI research aircraft Polar 5. In total, 24 flights with 111 flight hours have been performed over open ocean, the marginal sea ice zone, and sea ice. The datasets follow documented methods and quality assurance and are suited for studies on Arctic mixedphase clouds and their transformation processes, for studies with a focus on Arctic boundary layer processes, and for satellite validation applications. All datasets are freely available via the world data center PANGAEA.

Published
2022

18. Overview of the MOSAiC expedition-Atmosphere INTRODUCTION

Author

Shupe, Matthew D., Rex, Markus, Blomquist, Byron, Persson, P. Ola G., Schmale, Julia, Uttal, Taneil, Althausen, Dietrich, Angot, Helene, Archer, Stephen, Bariteau, Ludovic, Beck, Ivo, Bilberry, John, Bucci, Silvia, Buck, Clifton, Boyer, Matt, Brasseur, Zoe, Brooks, Ian M., Calmer, Radiance, Cassano, John, Castro, Vagner, Chu, David, Costa, David, Cox, Christopher J., Creamean, Jessie, Crewell, Susanne, Dahlke, Sandro, Damm, Ellen, de Boer, Gijs, Deckelmann, Holger, Dethloff, Klaus, Duetsch, Marina, Ebell, Kerstin, Ehrlich, Andre, Ellis, Jody, Engelmann, Ronny, Fong, Allison A., Frey, Markus M., Gallagher, Michael R., Ganzeveld, Laurens, Gradinger, Rolf, Graeser, Juergen, Greenamyer, Vernon, Griesche, Hannes, Griffiths, Steele, Hamilton, Jonathan, Heinemann, Guenther, Helmig, Detlev, Herber, Andreas, Heuze, Celine, Hofer, Julian, Houchens, Todd, Howard, Dean, Inoue, Jun, Jacobi, Hans-Werner, Jaiser, Ralf, Jokinen, Tuija, Jourdan, Olivier, Jozef, Gina, King, Wessley, Kirchgaessner, Amelie, Klingebiel, Marcus, Krassovski, Misha, Krumpen, Thomas, Lampert, Astrid, Landing, William, Laurila, Tiia, Lawrence, Dale, Lonardi, Michael, Loose, Brice, Luepkes, Christof, Maahn, Maximilian, Macke, Andreas, Maslowski, Wieslaw, Marsay, Christopher, Maturilli, Marion, Mech, Mario, Morris, Sara, Moser, Manuel, Nicolaus, Marcel, Ortega, Paul, Osborn, Jackson, Paetzold, Falk, Perovich, Donald K., Petaja, Tuukka, Pilz, Christian, Pirazzini, Roberta, Posman, Kevin, Powers, Heath, Pratt, Kerri A., Preusser, Andreas, Quelever, Lauriane, Radenz, Martin, Rabe, Benjamin, Rinke, Annette, Sachs, Torsten, Schulz, Alexander, Siebert, Holger, Silva, Tercio, Solomon, Amy, Sommerfeld, Anja, Spreen, Gunnar, Stephens, Mark, Stohl, Andreas, Svensson, Gunilla, Uin, Janek, Viegas, Juarez, Voigt, Christiane, von der Gathen, Peter, Wehner, Birgit, Welker, Jeffrey M., Wendisch, Manfred, Werner, Martin, Xie, ZhouQing, Yue, Fange, Shupe, Matthew D., Rex, Markus, Blomquist, Byron, Persson, P. Ola G., Schmale, Julia, Uttal, Taneil, Althausen, Dietrich, Angot, Helene, Archer, Stephen, Bariteau, Ludovic, Beck, Ivo, Bilberry, John, Bucci, Silvia, Buck, Clifton, Boyer, Matt, Brasseur, Zoe, Brooks, Ian M., Calmer, Radiance, Cassano, John, Castro, Vagner, Chu, David, Costa, David, Cox, Christopher J., Creamean, Jessie, Crewell, Susanne, Dahlke, Sandro, Damm, Ellen, de Boer, Gijs, Deckelmann, Holger, Dethloff, Klaus, Duetsch, Marina, Ebell, Kerstin, Ehrlich, Andre, Ellis, Jody, Engelmann, Ronny, Fong, Allison A., Frey, Markus M., Gallagher, Michael R., Ganzeveld, Laurens, Gradinger, Rolf, Graeser, Juergen, Greenamyer, Vernon, Griesche, Hannes, Griffiths, Steele, Hamilton, Jonathan, Heinemann, Guenther, Helmig, Detlev, Herber, Andreas, Heuze, Celine, Hofer, Julian, Houchens, Todd, Howard, Dean, Inoue, Jun, Jacobi, Hans-Werner, Jaiser, Ralf, Jokinen, Tuija, Jourdan, Olivier, Jozef, Gina, King, Wessley, Kirchgaessner, Amelie, Klingebiel, Marcus, Krassovski, Misha, Krumpen, Thomas, Lampert, Astrid, Landing, William, Laurila, Tiia, Lawrence, Dale, Lonardi, Michael, Loose, Brice, Luepkes, Christof, Maahn, Maximilian, Macke, Andreas, Maslowski, Wieslaw, Marsay, Christopher, Maturilli, Marion, Mech, Mario, Morris, Sara, Moser, Manuel, Nicolaus, Marcel, Ortega, Paul, Osborn, Jackson, Paetzold, Falk, Perovich, Donald K., Petaja, Tuukka, Pilz, Christian, Pirazzini, Roberta, Posman, Kevin, Powers, Heath, Pratt, Kerri A., Preusser, Andreas, Quelever, Lauriane, Radenz, Martin, Rabe, Benjamin, Rinke, Annette, Sachs, Torsten, Schulz, Alexander, Siebert, Holger, Silva, Tercio, Solomon, Amy, Sommerfeld, Anja, Spreen, Gunnar, Stephens, Mark, Stohl, Andreas, Svensson, Gunilla, Uin, Janek, Viegas, Juarez, Voigt, Christiane, von der Gathen, Peter, Wehner, Birgit, Welker, Jeffrey M., Wendisch, Manfred, Werner, Martin, Xie, ZhouQing, and Yue, Fange

Abstract

With the Arctic rapidly changing, the needs to observe, understand, and model the changes are essential. To support these needs, an annual cycle of observations of atmospheric properties, processes, and interactions were made while drifting with the sea ice across the central Arctic during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition from October 2019 to September 2020. An international team designed and implemented the comprehensive program to document and characterize all aspects of the Arctic atmospheric system in unprecedented detail, using a variety of approaches, and across multiple scales. These measurements were coordinated with other observational teams to explore crosscutting and coupled interactions with the Arctic Ocean, sea ice, and ecosystem through a variety of physical and biogeochemical processes. This overview outlines the breadth and complexity of the atmospheric research program, which was organized into 4 subgroups: atmospheric state, clouds and precipitation, gases and aerosols, and energy budgets. Atmospheric variability over the annual cycle revealed important influences from a persistent large-scale winter circulation pattern, leading to some storms with pressure and winds that were outside the interquartile range of past conditions suggested by long-term reanalysis. Similarly, the MOSAiC location was warmer and wetter in summer than the reanalysis climatology, in part due to its close proximity to the sea ice edge. The comprehensiveness of the observational program for characterizing and analyzing atmospheric phenomena is demonstrated via a winter case study examining air mass transitions and a summer case study examining vertical atmospheric evolution. Overall, the MOSAiC atmospheric program successfully met its objectives and was the most comprehensive atmospheric measurement program to date conducted over the Arctic sea ice. The obtained data will support a broad range of coupled-system s

Published
2022

23. EUREC4A

Author

Stevens, Bjorn, Bony, Sandrine, Farrell, David, Ament, Felix, Blyth, Alan, Fairall, Christopher, Karstensen, Johannes, Quinn, Patricia K., Speich, Sabrina, Acquistapace, Claudia, Aemisegger, Franziska, Albright, Anna Lea, Bellenger, Hugo, Bodenschatz, Eberhard, Caesar, Kathy-ann, Chewitt-lucas, Rebecca, De Boer, Gijs, Delanoe, Julien, Denby, Leif, Ewald, Florian, Fildier, Benjamin, Forde, Marvin, George, Geet, Gross, Silke, Hagen, Martin, Hausold, Andrea, Heywood, Karen J., Hirsch, Lutz, Jacob, Marek, Jansen, Friedhelm, Kinne, Stefan, Klocke, Daniel, Kolling, Tobias, Konow, Heike, Lothon, Marie, Mohr, Wiebke, Naumann, Ann Kristin, Nuijens, Louise, Olivier, Lea, Pincus, Robert, Pohlker, Mira, Reverdin, Gilles, Roberts, Gregory, Schnitt, Sabrina, Schulz, Hauke, Siebesma, A. Pier, Stephan, Claudia Christine, Sullivan, Peter, Touze-peiffer, Ludovic, Vial, Jessica, Vogel, Raphaela, Zuidema, Paquita, Alexander, Nicola, Alves, Lyndon, Arixi, Sophian, Asmath, Hamish, Bagheri, Gholamhossein, Baier, Katharina, Bailey, Adriana, Baranowski, Dariusz, Baron, Alexandre, Barrau, Sebastien, Barrett, Paul A., Batier, Frederic, Behrendt, Andreas, Bendinger, Arne, Beucher, Florent, Bigorre, Sebastien, Blades, Edmund, Blossey, Peter, Bock, Olivier, Boing, Steven, Bosser, Pierre, Bourras, Denis, Bouruet-aubertot, Pascale, Bower, Keith, Branellec, Pierre, Branger, Hubert, Brennek, Michal, Brewer, Alan, Brilouet, Pierre Etienne, Brugmann, Bjorn, Buehler, Stefan A., Burke, Elmo, Burton, Ralph, Calmer, Radiance, Canonici, Jean-christophe, Carton, Xavier, Cato, Gregory, Jr., Charles, Jude Andre, Chazette, Patrick, Chen, Yanxu, Chilinski, Michal T., Choularton, Thomas, Chuang, Patrick, Clarke, Shamal, Coe, Hugh, Cornet, Celine, Coutris, Pierre, Couvreux, Fleur, Crewell, Susanne, Cronin, Timothy, Cui, Zhiqiang, Cuypers, Yannis, Daley, Alton, Damerell, Gillian M., Dauhut, Thibaut, Deneke, Hartwig, Desbios, Jean-philippe, Dorner, Steffen, Donner, Sebastian, Douet, Vincent, Drushka, Kyla, Dutsch, Marina, Ehrlich, Andre, Emanuel, Kerry, Emmanouilidis, Alexandros, Etienne, Jean-claude, Etienne-leblanc, Sheryl, Faure, Ghislain, Feingold, Graham, Ferrero, Luca, Fix, Andreas, Flamant, Cyrille, Flatau, Piotr Jacek, Foltz, Gregory R., Forster, Linda, Furtuna, Iulian, Gadian, Alan, Galewsky, Joseph, Gallagher, Martin, Gallimore, Peter, Gaston, Cassandra, Gentemann, Chelle, Geyskens, Nicolas, Giez, Andreas, Gollop, John, Gouirand, Isabelle, Gourbeyre, Christophe, De Graaf, Dorte, De Groot, Geiske E., Grosz, Robert, Guttler, Johannes, Gutleben, Manuel, Hall, Kashawn, Harris, George, Helfer, Kevin C., Henze, Dean, Herbert, Calvert, Holanda, Bruna, Ibanez-landeta, Antonio, Intrieri, Janet, Iyer, Suneil, Julien, Fabrice, Kalesse, Heike, Kazil, Jan, Kellman, Alexander, Kidane, Abiel T., Kirchner, Ulrike, Klingebiel, Marcus, Korner, Mareike, Kremper, Leslie Ann, Kretzschmar, Jan, Kruger, Ovid, Kumala, Wojciech, Kurz, Armin, L'Hegaret, Pierre, Labaste, Matthieu, Lachlan-cope, Tom, Laing, Arlene, Landschutzer, Peter, Lang, Theresa, Lange, Diego, Lange, Ingo, Laplace, Clement, Lavik, Gauke, Laxenaire, Remi, Le Bihan, Caroline, Leandro, Mason, Lefevre, Nathalie, Lena, Marius, Lenschow, Donald, Li, Qiang, Lloyd, Gary, Los, Sebastian, Losi, Niccolo, Lovell, Oscar, Luneau, Christopher, Makuch, Przemyslaw, Malinowski, Szymon, Manta, Gaston, Marinou, Eleni, Marsden, Nicholas, Masson, Sebastien, Maury, Nicolas, Mayer, Bernhard, Mayers-als, Margarette, Mazel, Christophe, Mcgeary, Wayne, Mcwilliams, James C., Mech, Mario, Mehlmann, Melina, Meroni, Agostino Niyonkuru, Mieslinger, Theresa, Minikin, Andreas, Minnett, Peter, Moller, Gregor, Avalos, Yanmichel Morfa, Muller, Caroline, Musat, Ionela, Napoli, Anna, Neuberger, Almuth, Noisel, Christophe, Noone, David, Nordsiek, Freja, Nowak, Jakub L., Oswald, Lothar, Parker, Douglas J., Peck, Carolyn, Person, Renaud, Philippi, Miriam, Plueddemann, Albert, Pohlker, Christopher, Portge, Veronika, Poschl, Ulrich, Pologne, Lawrence, Posyniak, Michal, Prange, Marc, Melendez, Estefania Quinones, Radtke, Jule, Ramage, Karim, Reimann, Jens, Renault, Lionel, Reus, Klaus, Reyes, Ashford, Ribbe, Joachim, Ringel, Maximilian, Ritschel, Markus, Rocha, Cesar B., Rochetin, Nicolas, Rottenbacher, Johannes, Rollo, Callum, Royer, Haley, Sadoulet, Pauline, Saffin, Leo, Sandiford, Sanola, Sandu, Irina, Schafer, Michael, Schemann, Vera, Schirmacher, Imke, Schlenczek, Oliver, Schmidt, Jerome, Schroder, Marcel, Schwarzenboeck, Alfons, Sealy, Andrea, Senff, Christoph J., Serikov, Ilya, Shohan, Samkeyat, Siddle, Elizabeth, Smirnov, Alexander, Spath, Florian, Spooner, Branden, Stolla, M. Katharina, Szkolka, Wojciech, De Szoeke, Simon P., Tarot, Stephane, Tetoni, Eleni, Thompson, Elizabeth, Thomson, Jim, Tomassini, Lorenzo, Totems, Julien, Ubele, Alma Anna, Villiger, Leonie, Von Arx, Jan, Wagner, Thomas, Walther, Andi, Webber, Ben, Wendisch, Manfred, Whitehall, Shanice, Wiltshire, Anton, Wing, Allison A., Wirth, Martin, Wiskandt, Jonathan, Wolf, Kevin, Worbes, Ludwig, Wright, Ethan, Wulfmeyer, Volker, Young, Shanea, Zhang, Chidong, Zhang, Dongxiao, Ziemen, Florian, Zinner, Tobias, Zoger, Martin, Stevens, Bjorn, Bony, Sandrine, Farrell, David, Ament, Felix, Blyth, Alan, Fairall, Christopher, Karstensen, Johannes, Quinn, Patricia K., Speich, Sabrina, Acquistapace, Claudia, Aemisegger, Franziska, Albright, Anna Lea, Bellenger, Hugo, Bodenschatz, Eberhard, Caesar, Kathy-ann, Chewitt-lucas, Rebecca, De Boer, Gijs, Delanoe, Julien, Denby, Leif, Ewald, Florian, Fildier, Benjamin, Forde, Marvin, George, Geet, Gross, Silke, Hagen, Martin, Hausold, Andrea, Heywood, Karen J., Hirsch, Lutz, Jacob, Marek, Jansen, Friedhelm, Kinne, Stefan, Klocke, Daniel, Kolling, Tobias, Konow, Heike, Lothon, Marie, Mohr, Wiebke, Naumann, Ann Kristin, Nuijens, Louise, Olivier, Lea, Pincus, Robert, Pohlker, Mira, Reverdin, Gilles, Roberts, Gregory, Schnitt, Sabrina, Schulz, Hauke, Siebesma, A. Pier, Stephan, Claudia Christine, Sullivan, Peter, Touze-peiffer, Ludovic, Vial, Jessica, Vogel, Raphaela, Zuidema, Paquita, Alexander, Nicola, Alves, Lyndon, Arixi, Sophian, Asmath, Hamish, Bagheri, Gholamhossein, Baier, Katharina, Bailey, Adriana, Baranowski, Dariusz, Baron, Alexandre, Barrau, Sebastien, Barrett, Paul A., Batier, Frederic, Behrendt, Andreas, Bendinger, Arne, Beucher, Florent, Bigorre, Sebastien, Blades, Edmund, Blossey, Peter, Bock, Olivier, Boing, Steven, Bosser, Pierre, Bourras, Denis, Bouruet-aubertot, Pascale, Bower, Keith, Branellec, Pierre, Branger, Hubert, Brennek, Michal, Brewer, Alan, Brilouet, Pierre Etienne, Brugmann, Bjorn, Buehler, Stefan A., Burke, Elmo, Burton, Ralph, Calmer, Radiance, Canonici, Jean-christophe, Carton, Xavier, Cato, Gregory, Jr., Charles, Jude Andre, Chazette, Patrick, Chen, Yanxu, Chilinski, Michal T., Choularton, Thomas, Chuang, Patrick, Clarke, Shamal, Coe, Hugh, Cornet, Celine, Coutris, Pierre, Couvreux, Fleur, Crewell, Susanne, Cronin, Timothy, Cui, Zhiqiang, Cuypers, Yannis, Daley, Alton, Damerell, Gillian M., Dauhut, Thibaut, Deneke, Hartwig, Desbios, Jean-philippe, Dorner, Steffen, Donner, Sebastian, Douet, Vincent, Drushka, Kyla, Dutsch, Marina, Ehrlich, Andre, Emanuel, Kerry, Emmanouilidis, Alexandros, Etienne, Jean-claude, Etienne-leblanc, Sheryl, Faure, Ghislain, Feingold, Graham, Ferrero, Luca, Fix, Andreas, Flamant, Cyrille, Flatau, Piotr Jacek, Foltz, Gregory R., Forster, Linda, Furtuna, Iulian, Gadian, Alan, Galewsky, Joseph, Gallagher, Martin, Gallimore, Peter, Gaston, Cassandra, Gentemann, Chelle, Geyskens, Nicolas, Giez, Andreas, Gollop, John, Gouirand, Isabelle, Gourbeyre, Christophe, De Graaf, Dorte, De Groot, Geiske E., Grosz, Robert, Guttler, Johannes, Gutleben, Manuel, Hall, Kashawn, Harris, George, Helfer, Kevin C., Henze, Dean, Herbert, Calvert, Holanda, Bruna, Ibanez-landeta, Antonio, Intrieri, Janet, Iyer, Suneil, Julien, Fabrice, Kalesse, Heike, Kazil, Jan, Kellman, Alexander, Kidane, Abiel T., Kirchner, Ulrike, Klingebiel, Marcus, Korner, Mareike, Kremper, Leslie Ann, Kretzschmar, Jan, Kruger, Ovid, Kumala, Wojciech, Kurz, Armin, L'Hegaret, Pierre, Labaste, Matthieu, Lachlan-cope, Tom, Laing, Arlene, Landschutzer, Peter, Lang, Theresa, Lange, Diego, Lange, Ingo, Laplace, Clement, Lavik, Gauke, Laxenaire, Remi, Le Bihan, Caroline, Leandro, Mason, Lefevre, Nathalie, Lena, Marius, Lenschow, Donald, Li, Qiang, Lloyd, Gary, Los, Sebastian, Losi, Niccolo, Lovell, Oscar, Luneau, Christopher, Makuch, Przemyslaw, Malinowski, Szymon, Manta, Gaston, Marinou, Eleni, Marsden, Nicholas, Masson, Sebastien, Maury, Nicolas, Mayer, Bernhard, Mayers-als, Margarette, Mazel, Christophe, Mcgeary, Wayne, Mcwilliams, James C., Mech, Mario, Mehlmann, Melina, Meroni, Agostino Niyonkuru, Mieslinger, Theresa, Minikin, Andreas, Minnett, Peter, Moller, Gregor, Avalos, Yanmichel Morfa, Muller, Caroline, Musat, Ionela, Napoli, Anna, Neuberger, Almuth, Noisel, Christophe, Noone, David, Nordsiek, Freja, Nowak, Jakub L., Oswald, Lothar, Parker, Douglas J., Peck, Carolyn, Person, Renaud, Philippi, Miriam, Plueddemann, Albert, Pohlker, Christopher, Portge, Veronika, Poschl, Ulrich, Pologne, Lawrence, Posyniak, Michal, Prange, Marc, Melendez, Estefania Quinones, Radtke, Jule, Ramage, Karim, Reimann, Jens, Renault, Lionel, Reus, Klaus, Reyes, Ashford, Ribbe, Joachim, Ringel, Maximilian, Ritschel, Markus, Rocha, Cesar B., Rochetin, Nicolas, Rottenbacher, Johannes, Rollo, Callum, Royer, Haley, Sadoulet, Pauline, Saffin, Leo, Sandiford, Sanola, Sandu, Irina, Schafer, Michael, Schemann, Vera, Schirmacher, Imke, Schlenczek, Oliver, Schmidt, Jerome, Schroder, Marcel, Schwarzenboeck, Alfons, Sealy, Andrea, Senff, Christoph J., Serikov, Ilya, Shohan, Samkeyat, Siddle, Elizabeth, Smirnov, Alexander, Spath, Florian, Spooner, Branden, Stolla, M. Katharina, Szkolka, Wojciech, De Szoeke, Simon P., Tarot, Stephane, Tetoni, Eleni, Thompson, Elizabeth, Thomson, Jim, Tomassini, Lorenzo, Totems, Julien, Ubele, Alma Anna, Villiger, Leonie, Von Arx, Jan, Wagner, Thomas, Walther, Andi, Webber, Ben, Wendisch, Manfred, Whitehall, Shanice, Wiltshire, Anton, Wing, Allison A., Wirth, Martin, Wiskandt, Jonathan, Wolf, Kevin, Worbes, Ludwig, Wright, Ethan, Wulfmeyer, Volker, Young, Shanea, Zhang, Chidong, Zhang, Dongxiao, Ziemen, Florian, Zinner, Tobias, and Zoger, Martin

Abstract

The science guiding the \EURECA campaign and its measurements are presented. \EURECA comprised roughly five weeks of measurements in the downstream winter trades of the North Atlantic — eastward and south-eastward of Barbados. Through its ability to characterize processes operating across a wide range of scales, \EURECA marked a turning point in our ability to observationally study factors influencing clouds in the trades, how they will respond to warming, and their link to other components of the earth system, such as upper-ocean processes or, or the life-cycle of particulate matter. This characterization was made possible by thousands (2500) of sondes distributed to measure circulations on meso (200 km) and larger (500 km) scales, roughly four hundred hours of flight time by four heavily instrumented research aircraft, four global-ocean class research vessels, an advanced ground-based cloud observatory, a flotilla of autonomous or tethered measurement devices operating in the upper ocean (nearly 10000 profiles), lower atmosphere (continuous profiling), and along the air-sea interface, a network of water stable isotopologue measurements, complemented by special programmes of satellite remote sensing and modeling with a new generation of weather/climate models. In addition to providing an outline of the novel measurements and their composition into a unified and coordinated campaign, the six distinct scientific facets that \EURECA explored — from Brazil Ring Current Eddies to turbulence induced clustering of cloud droplets and its influence on warm-rain formation — are presented along with an overview \EURECA’s outreach activities, environmental impact, and guidelines for scientific practice.

Published
2021
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24. EUREC(4)A's HALO

Author

Konow, Heike, Ewald, Florian, George, Geet, Jacob, Marek, Klingebiel, Marcus, Koelling, Tobias, Luebke, Anna E., Mieslinger, Theresa, Poertge, Veronika, Radtke, Jule, Schaefer, Michael, Schulz, Hauke, Vogel, Raphaela, Wirth, Martin, Bony, Sandrine, Crewell, Susanne, Ehrlich, Andre, Forster, Linda, Giez, Andreas, Goedde, Felix, Gross, Silke, Gutleben, Manuel, Hagen, Martin, Hirsch, Lutz, Jansen, Friedhelm, Lang, Theresa, Mayer, Bernhard, Mech, Mario, Prange, Marc, Schnitt, Sabrina, Vial, Jessica, Walbroel, Andreas, Wendisch, Manfred, Wolf, Kevin, Zinner, Tobias, Zoeger, Martin, Ament, Felix, Stevens, Bjorn, Konow, Heike, Ewald, Florian, George, Geet, Jacob, Marek, Klingebiel, Marcus, Koelling, Tobias, Luebke, Anna E., Mieslinger, Theresa, Poertge, Veronika, Radtke, Jule, Schaefer, Michael, Schulz, Hauke, Vogel, Raphaela, Wirth, Martin, Bony, Sandrine, Crewell, Susanne, Ehrlich, Andre, Forster, Linda, Giez, Andreas, Goedde, Felix, Gross, Silke, Gutleben, Manuel, Hagen, Martin, Hirsch, Lutz, Jansen, Friedhelm, Lang, Theresa, Mayer, Bernhard, Mech, Mario, Prange, Marc, Schnitt, Sabrina, Vial, Jessica, Walbroel, Andreas, Wendisch, Manfred, Wolf, Kevin, Zinner, Tobias, Zoeger, Martin, Ament, Felix, and Stevens, Bjorn

Abstract

As part of the EUREC(4)A (Elucidating the role of cloud-circulation coupling in climate) field campaign, the German research aircraft HALO (High Altitude and Long Range Research Aircraft), configured as a cloud observatory, conducted 15 research flights in the trade-wind region east of Barbados in January and February 2020. Narrative text, aircraft state data, and metadata describing HALO's operation during the campaign are provided. Each HALO research flight is segmented by timestamp intervals into standard elements to aid the consistent analysis of the flight data. Photographs from HALO's cabin and animated satellite images synchronized with flight tracks are provided to visually document flight conditions. As a comprehensive product from the remote sensing observations, a multi-sensor cloud mask product is derived and quantifies the incidence of clouds observed during the flights. In addition, to lower the threshold for new users of HALO's data, a collection of use cases is compiled into an online book, How to EUREC(4)A, included as an asset with this paper. This online book provides easy access to most of EUREC(4)A's HALO data through an intake catalogue. Code and data are freely available at the locations specified in Table 6.

Published
2021

25. Case study of a humidity layer above Arctic stratocumulus and potential turbulent coupling with the cloud top

Author

Egerer, Ulrike, Ehrlich, Andre, Gottschalk, Matthias, Griesche, Hannes, Neggers, Roel A. J., Siebert, Holger, Wendisch, Manfred, Egerer, Ulrike, Ehrlich, Andre, Gottschalk, Matthias, Griesche, Hannes, Neggers, Roel A. J., Siebert, Holger, and Wendisch, Manfred

Abstract

Specific humidity inversions (SHIs) above low-level cloud layers have been frequently observed in the Arctic. The formation of these SHIs is usually associated with large-scale advection of humid air masses. However, the potential coupling of SHIs with cloud layers by turbulent processes is not fully understood. In this study, we analyze a 3 d period of a persistent layer of increased specific humidity above a stratocumulus cloud observed during an Arctic field campaign in June 2017. The tethered balloon system BELUGA (Balloon-bornE moduLar Utility for profilinG the lower Atmosphere) recorded vertical profile data of meteorological, turbulence, and radiation parameters in the atmospheric boundary layer. An in-depth discussion of the problems associated with humidity measurements in cloudy environments leads to the conclusion that the observed SHIs do not result from measurement artifacts. We analyze two different scenarios for the SHI in relation to the cloud top capped by a temperature inversion: (i) the SHI coincides with the cloud top, and (ii) the SHI is vertically separated from the lowered cloud top. In the first case, the SHI and the cloud layer are coupled by turbulence that extends over the cloud top and connects the two layers by turbulent mixing. Several profiles reveal downward virtual sensible and latent heat fluxes at the cloud top, indicating entrainment of humid air supplied by the SHI into the cloud layer. For the second case, a downward moisture transport at the base of the SHI and an upward moisture flux at the cloud top is observed. Therefore, the area between the cloud top and SHI is supplied with moisture from both sides. Finally, large-eddy simulations (LESs) complement the observations by modeling a case of the first scenario. The simulations reproduce the observed downward turbulent fluxes of heat and moisture at the cloud top. The LES realizations suggest that in the presence of a SHI, the cloud layer remains thicker and the temperature inv

Published
2021

27. science polaire

Author

Wendisch, Manfred, Macke, Andreas, Ehrlich, Andre, Lüpkes, Alfred, Mech, Mario, Chechin, Alfred, Dethloff, Alfred, Barientos, Carola, Bozem, Johannes, Brückner, Stephan, Clemen, Hans-Christian, Crewell, Susanne, Donth, Stephan, Dupuy, Régis, Ebell, Kerstin, Egerer, Ulrike, Engelmann, Ronny, Engler, Stephan, Eppers, Johannes, Gehrmann, Alfred, Gong, Xianda, Gottschalk, Stephan, Gourbeyre, Christophe, Griesche, Hannes, Hartmann, Alfred, Hartmann, Markus, Heinold, Bernd, Herber, Alfred, HERRMANN, HARTMUT, Heygster, Georg, Hoor, Johannes, Jafariserajehlou, Soheila, Jäkel, Stephan, Järvinen, Emma, Jourdan, Olivier, Kästner, Udo, Kecorius, Simonas, Knudsen, Erlend, Köllner, Franziska, Kretzschmar, Stephan, Lelli, Luca, Leroy, Delphine, Maturilli, Alfred, Mei, Linlu, Mertes, Stephan, Mioche, Guillaume, Neuber, Alfred, Nicolaus, Alfred, Nomokonova, Tatiana, Notholt, Justus, Palm, Mathias, van Pinxteren, Manuela, Quaas, Johannes, Richter, Philipp, Ruiz-Donoso, Elena, Schäfer, Michael, Schmieder, Katja, Schnaiter, Martin, Schneider, Johannes, Schwarzenboeck, Alfons, Seifert, Patric, Shupe, Matthew, Siebert, Holger, Spreen, Gunnar, Stapf, Johannes, Stratmann, Frank, Vogl, Teresa, Welti, André, Wex, Heike, Wiedensohler, Alfred, Zanatta, Marco, Zeppenfeld, Sebastian, Leipziger Institut für Meteorologie (LIM), Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], Universität zu Köln, Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre [Mainz] (IPA), Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz (JGU), Institut für Geophysik und Meteorologie [Köln], Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique (LaMP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Laboratoire de météorologie physique (LaMP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institute of Environmental Physics [Bremen] (IUP), University of Bremen, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (MPIC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, UMR CNRS 8179, Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Umweltphysik [Bremen] (IUP), Universität Bremen, University of Kassel, Technische Universität Darmstadt (TU Darmstadt), Laboratoire des champs magnétiques intenses (LCMI-GHMFL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculty of Physics [Vienna], Universität Wien, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Dipartimento di Fisica [Povo], Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Universität Leipzig, Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne, Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz = Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Technische Universität Darmstadt - Technical University of Darmstadt (TU Darmstadt)

Subjects
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018
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28. The importance of the representation of air pollution emissions for the modeled distribution and radiative effects of black carbon in the Arctic

Author

Schacht, Jacob, primary, Heinold, Bernd, additional, Quaas, Johannes, additional, Backman, John, additional, Cherian, Ribu, additional, Ehrlich, Andre, additional, Herber, Andreas, additional, Huang, Wan Ting Katty, additional, Kondo, Yutaka, additional, Massling, Andreas, additional, Sinha, P. R., additional, Weinzierl, Bernadett, additional, Zanatta, Marco, additional, and Tegen, Ina, additional

Published
2019
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31. Classification of Arctic, midlatitude and tropical clouds in the mixed-phase temperature regime

Author

Costa, Anja, Meyer, Jessica, Afchine, Armin, Luebke, Anna, Günther, Gebhard, Dorsey, James R., Gallagher, Martin W., Ehrlich, Andre, Wendisch, Manfred, Baumgardner, Darrel, Wex, Heike, and Krämer, Martina

Subjects
ddc:550, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics::Geophysics
Abstract

The degree of glaciation of mixed-phase clouds constitutes one of the largest uncertainties in climate prediction. In order to better understand cloud glaciation, cloud spectrometer observations are presented in this paper, which were made in the mixed-phase temperature regime between 0 and 38 degrees C (273 to 235 K), where cloud particles can either be frozen or liquid. The extensive data set covers four airborne field campaigns providing a total of 139 000 1 Hz data points (38.6 h within clouds) over Arctic, midlatitude and tropical regions. We develop algorithms, combining the information on number concentration, size and asphericity of the observed cloud particles to classify four cloud types: liquid clouds, clouds in which liquid droplets and ice crystals coexist, fully glaciated clouds after the Wegener-Bergeron-Findeisen process and clouds where secondary ice formation occurred. We quantify the occurrence of these cloud groups depending on the geographical region and temperature and find that liquid clouds dominate our measurements during the Arctic spring, while clouds dominated by the Wegener-Bergeron-Findeisen process are most common in midlatitude spring. The coexistence of liquid water and ice crystals is found over the whole mixed-phase temperature range in tropical convective towers in the dry season. Secondary ice is found at midlatitudes at 5 to 10 degrees C (268 to 263 K) and at higher altitudes, i.e. lower temperatures in the tropics. The distribution of the cloud types with decreasing temperature is shown to be consistent with the theory of evolution of mixed-phase clouds. With this study, we aim to contribute to a large statistical database on cloud types in the mixed-phase temperature regime.

Published
2017
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34. 3D chitinous scaffolds derived from cultivated marine demosponge Aplysina aerophoba for tissue engineering approaches based on human mesenchymal stromal cells.

Author

Mutsenko, Vitalii V, Bazhenov, Vasilii V, Rogulska, Olena, Tarusin, Dmitriy N, Schütz, Kathleen, Brüggemeier, Sophie, Gossla, Elke, Akkineni, Ashwini R, Meißner, Heike, Lode, Anja, Meschke, Stephan, Ehrlich, Andre, Petović, Slavica, Martinović, Rajko, Djurović, Mirko, Stelling, Allison L, Nikulin, Sergey, Rodin, Sergey, Tonevitsky, Alexander, Gelinsky, Michael, Petrenko, Alexander Y, Glasmacher, Birgit, Ehrlich, Hermann, Mutsenko, Vitalii V, Bazhenov, Vasilii V, Rogulska, Olena, Tarusin, Dmitriy N, Schütz, Kathleen, Brüggemeier, Sophie, Gossla, Elke, Akkineni, Ashwini R, Meißner, Heike, Lode, Anja, Meschke, Stephan, Ehrlich, Andre, Petović, Slavica, Martinović, Rajko, Djurović, Mirko, Stelling, Allison L, Nikulin, Sergey, Rodin, Sergey, Tonevitsky, Alexander, Gelinsky, Michael, Petrenko, Alexander Y, Glasmacher, Birgit, and Ehrlich, Hermann

Abstract

The recently discovered chitin-based scaffolds derived from poriferans have the necessary prosperities for potential use in tissue engineering. Among the various demosponges of the Verongida order, Aplysina aerophoba is an attractive target for more in-depth investigations, as it is a renewable source of unique 3D microporous chitinous scaffolds. We found these chitinous scaffolds were cytocompatible and supported attachment, growth and proliferation of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) in vitro. Cultivation of hMSCs on the scaffolds for 7days resulted in a two-fold increase in their metabolic activity, indicating increased cell numbers. Cells cultured onto chitin scaffolds in differentiation media were able to differentiate into the chondrogenic, adipogenic and osteogenic lineages, respectively. These results indicate A. aerophoba is a novel source of chitin scaffolds to futher hMSCs-based tissue engineering strategies.

Published
2017
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36. THE AIRBORNE EXPERIMENT ON NATURAL CIRRUS AND CONTRAIL CIRRUS WITH THE HIGH-ALTITUDE LONG-RANGE RESEARCH AIRCRAFT HALO.

Author

VOIGT, CHRISTIANE, SCHUMANN, ULRICH, MINIKIN, ANDREAS, ABDELMONEM, AHMED, AFCHINE, ARMIN, BORRMANN, STEPHAN, BOETTCHER, MAXI, BUCHHOLZ, BERNHARD, BUGLIARO, LUCA, COSTA, ANJA, CURTIUS, JOACHIM, DOLLNER, MAXIMILIAN, DÖRNBRACK, ANDREAS, DREILING, VOLKER, EBERT, VOLKER, EHRLICH, ANDRE, FIX, ANDREAS, FORSTER, LINDA, FRANK, FABIAN, and FÜTTERER, DANIEL

Subjects
CIRRUS clouds, RESEARCH aircraft, ATMOSPHERIC nucleation, HUMAN life cycle, ANTHROPOGENIC effects on nature
Abstract

The article focuses on the ML-CIRRUS experiment which deployed the High Altitude and Long Range Research Aircraft (HALO) along with satellites and models to acquire new data about nucleation, life cycle, predictability, and climate impact of natural cirrus and anthropogenic contrail cirrus. The experiment was conducted over Europe out of Oberpfaffenhofen in southern Germany in March and April 2014 which is a well suited to reach cirrus over all parts of Europe.

Published
2017
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37. The importance of the representation of air pollution emissions for the modeled distribution and radiative effects of black carbon in the Arctic

Author

Schacht, Jacob, Heinold, Bernd, Quaas, Johannes, Backman, John, Cherian, Ribu, Ehrlich, Andre, Herber, Andreas, Huang, Wan T.K., Kondo, Yutaka, Massling, Andreas, Sinha, P.R., Weinzierl, Bernadett, Zanatta, Marco, and Tegen, Ina

Subjects
13. Climate action
Abstract

Aerosol particles can contribute to the Arctic amplification (AA) by direct and indirect radiative effects. Specifically, black carbon (BC) in the atmosphere, and when deposited on snow and sea ice, has a positive warming effect on the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiation balance during the polar day. Current climate models, however, are still struggling to reproduce Arctic aerosol conditions. We present an evaluation study with the global aerosol-climate model ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3 to examine emission-related uncertainties in the BC distribution and the direct radiative effect of BC. The model results are comprehensively compared against the latest ground and airborne aerosol observations for the period 2005–2017, with a focus on BC. Four different setups of air pollution emissions are tested. The simulations in general match well with the observed amount and temporal variability in near-surface BC in the Arctic. Using actual daily instead of fixed biomass burning emissions is crucial for reproducing individual pollution events but has only a small influence on the seasonal cycle of BC. Compared with commonly used fixed anthropogenic emissions for the year 2000, an up-to-date inventory with transient air pollution emissions results in up to a 30 % higher annual BC burden locally. This causes a higher annual mean all-sky net direct radiative effect of BC of over 0.1 W m−2 at the top of the atmosphere over the Arctic region (60–90∘ N), being locally more than 0.2 W m−2 over the eastern Arctic Ocean. We estimate BC in the Arctic as leading to an annual net gain of 0.5 W m−2 averaged over the Arctic region but to a local gain of up to 0.8 W m−2 by the direct radiative effect of atmospheric BC plus the effect by the BC-in-snow albedo reduction. Long-range transport is identified as one of the main sources of uncertainties for ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3, leading to an overestimation of BC in atmospheric layers above 500 hPa, especially in summer. This is related to a misrepresentation in wet removal in one identified case at least, which was observed during the ARCTAS (Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites) summer aircraft campaign. Overall, the current model version has significantly improved since previous intercomparison studies and now performs better than the multi-model average in the Aerosol Comparisons between Observation and Models (AEROCOM) initiative in terms of the spatial and temporal distribution of Arctic BC., Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 19 (17), ISSN:1680-7375, ISSN:1680-7367

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