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2. Metastable and localized Ising magnetism in $\alpha$-CoV$_{2}$O$_{6}$ magnetization plateaus

Author

Edwards, L., Lane, H., Arevalo-Lopez, A. M., Songvilay, M., Pachoud, E., Niedermayer, Ch., Tucker, G., Manuel, P., Paulsen, C., Lhotel, E., Attfield, J. P., Giblin, S. R., and Stock, C.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

$\alpha$-CoV$_{2}$O$_{6}$ consists of $j_{\mathrm{eff}}={1 \over 2}$ Ising spins located on an anisotropic triangular motif with magnetization plateaus in an applied field. We combine neutron diffraction with low temperature magnetization to investigate the magnetic periodicity in the vicinity of these plateaus. We find these steps to be characterized by metastable and spatially short-range ($\xi\sim$ 10 $\r{A}$) magnetic correlations with antiphase boundaries defining a local periodicity of $\langle \hat{T}^{2} \rangle =\ \uparrow \downarrow$ to $\langle \hat{T}^{3} \rangle =\ \uparrow \uparrow \downarrow$, and $\langle \hat{T}^{4} \rangle=\ \uparrow \uparrow \downarrow \downarrow$ or $\uparrow \uparrow \uparrow \downarrow$ spin arrangements. This shows the presence of spatially short range and metastable/hysteretic, commensurate magnetism in Ising magnetization steps., Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. B

Published
2020
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3. Prognostic gene expression signature for high-grade serous ovarian cancer

Author

Millstein, J, Budden, T, Goode, EL, Anglesio, MS, Talhouk, A, Intermaggio, MP, Leong, HS, Chen, S, Elatre, W, Gilks, B, Nazeran, T, Volchek, M, Bentley, RC, Wang, C, Chiu, DS, Kommoss, S, Leung, SCY, Senz, J, Lum, A, Chow, V, Sudderuddin, H, Mackenzie, R, George, J, Group, AOCS, Bowtell, D, Chenevix-Trench, G, Green, A, Webb, P, DeFazio, A, Gertig, D, Traficante, N, Fereday, S, Moore, S, Hung, J, Harrap, K, Sadkowsky, T, Pandeya, N, Malt, M, Mellon, A, Robertson, R, Bergh, T Vanden, Jones, M, Mackenzie, P, Maidens, J, Nattress, K, Chiew, YE, Stenlake, A, Sullivan, H, Alexander, B, Ashover, P, Brown, S, Corrish, T, Green, L, Jackman, L, Ferguson, K, Martin, K, Martyn, A, Ranieri, B, White, J, Jayde, V, Mamers, P, Bowes, L, Galletta, L, Giles, D, Hendley, J, Alsop, K, Schmidt, T, Shirley, H, Ball, C, Young, C, Viduka, S, Tran, Hoa, Bilic, Sanela, Glavinas, Lydia, Brooks, Julia, Stuart-Harris, R, Kirsten, F, Rutovitz, J, Clingan, P, Glasgow, A, Proietto, A, Braye, S, Otton, G, Shannon, J, Bonaventura, T, Stewart, J, Begbie, S, Friedlander, M, Bell, D, Baron-Hay, S, Ferrier, AA, Gard, G, Nevell, D, Pavlakis, N, Valmadre, S, Young, B, Camaris, C, Crouch, R, Edwards, L, and Hacker, N

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Genetic Testing, Genetics, Cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Rare Diseases, 4.2 Evaluation of markers and technologies, 4.4 Population screening, Detection, screening and diagnosis, Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous, Female, Humans, Ovarian Neoplasms, Prognosis, Proportional Hazards Models, Survival Analysis, Transcriptome, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded, gene expression, high-grade serous ovarian cancer, overall survival, prognosis, AOCS Group, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Clinical sciences, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract

BackgroundMedian overall survival (OS) for women with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is ∼4 years, yet survival varies widely between patients. There are no well-established, gene expression signatures associated with prognosis. The aim of this study was to develop a robust prognostic signature for OS in patients with HGSOC.Patients and methodsExpression of 513 genes, selected from a meta-analysis of 1455 tumours and other candidates, was measured using NanoString technology from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumour tissue collected from 3769 women with HGSOC from multiple studies. Elastic net regularization for survival analysis was applied to develop a prognostic model for 5-year OS, trained on 2702 tumours from 15 studies and evaluated on an independent set of 1067 tumours from six studies.ResultsExpression levels of 276 genes were associated with OS (false discovery rate < 0.05) in covariate-adjusted single-gene analyses. The top five genes were TAP1, ZFHX4, CXCL9, FBN1 and PTGER3 (P < 0.001). The best performing prognostic signature included 101 genes enriched in pathways with treatment implications. Each gain of one standard deviation in the gene expression score conferred a greater than twofold increase in risk of death [hazard ratio (HR) 2.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.02-2.71; P < 0.001]. Median survival [HR (95% CI)] by gene expression score quintile was 9.5 (8.3 to -), 5.4 (4.6-7.0), 3.8 (3.3-4.6), 3.2 (2.9-3.7) and 2.3 (2.1-2.6) years.ConclusionThe OTTA-SPOT (Ovarian Tumor Tissue Analysis consortium - Stratified Prognosis of Ovarian Tumours) gene expression signature may improve risk stratification in clinical trials by identifying patients who are least likely to achieve 5-year survival. The identified novel genes associated with the outcome may also yield opportunities for the development of targeted therapeutic approaches.

Published
2020

4. The Megaparsec-scale Gas-sloshing Spiral in the Remnant Cool Core Cluster Abell 1763

Author

Douglass, E. M., Blanton, E. L., Randall, S. W., Clarke, T. E., Edwards, L. O. V., Sabry, Z., and ZuHone, J. A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present a multiwavelength study of the massive galaxy cluster Abell 1763 at redshift z = 0.231. Image analysis of a 19.6 ks Chandra archival observation reveals a cluster-wide spiral of enhanced surface brightness in the intracluster medium (ICM). While such spirals are understood to form in clusters with sloshing strong cool cores (SCCs), the gas comprising the spiral's apex is of intermediate entropy ($\sim$ 110 keV cm$^{2}$) and cooling time ($\sim$ 6.8 Gyr), indicating core disruption is occurring throughout the spiral formation process. Two subclusters dominated by the second- and third-ranked galaxies in the system lie along a line parallel to the elongation axis of the primary cluster's ICM. Both subsystems appear to have fallen in along a previously discovered intercluster filament and are each considered candidates as the perturber responsible for initiating disruptive core sloshing. Dynamical analysis indicates infall is occurring with a relative radial velocity of $\sim$ 1800 km s$^{-1}$. The brightest cluster galaxy of Abell 1763 possesses a high line-of-sight peculiar velocity (v$_{pec}$ $\sim$ 650 km s$^{-1}$) and hosts a powerful (P$_{1.4}$ $\sim$ 10$^{26}$ W Hz$^{-1}$) bent double-lobed radio source, likely shaped by the relative bulk ICM flow induced in the merger. The cluster merger model of SCC destruction invokes low impact parameter infall as the condition required for core transformation. In contrast to this, the high angular momentum event occurring in Abell 1763 suggests that off-axis mergers play a greater role in establishing the non-cool core cluster population than previously assumed., Comment: 29 pages, 17 figures, accepted by ApJ

Published
2018
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5. Safety and efficacy of tenecteplase in patients with wake-up stroke assessed by non-contrast CT (TWIST): a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial

Author

Parson, M, Valente, M, Chen, A, Sharobeam, A, Edwards, L, Blair, C, Christensen, L, Ægidius, K, Pihl, T, Fassel-Larsen, C, Wassvik, L, Folke, M, Rosenbaum, S, Gharehbagh, S S, Hansen, A, Preisler, N, Antsov, K, Mallene, S, Lill, M, Herodes, M, Vibo, R, Rakitin, A, Saarinen, J, Tiainen, M, Tumpula, O, Noppari, T, Raty, S, Sibolt, G, Nieminen, J, Niederhauser, J, Haritoncenko, I, Puustinen, J, Haula, T-M, Sipilä, J, Viesulaite, B, Taroza, S, Rastenyte, D, Matijosaitis, V, Vilionskis, A, Masiliunas, R, Ekkert, A, Chmeliauskas, P, Lukosaitis, V, Reichenbach, A, Moss, T T, Nilsen, H Y, Hammer-Berntzen, R, Nordby, L M, Weiby, T A, Nordengen, K, Ihle-Hansen, H, Stankiewiecz, M, Grotle, O, Nes, M, Thiemann, K, Særvold, I M, Fraas, M, Størdahl, S, Horn, J W, Hildrum, H, Myrstad, C, Tobro, H, Tunvold, J-A, Jacobsen, O, Aamodt, N, Baisa, H, Malmberg, V N, Rohweder, G, Ellekjær, H, Ildstad, F, Egstad, E, Helleberg, B H, Berg, H H, Jørgensen, J, Tronvik, E, Shirzadi, M, Solhoff, R, Van Lessen, R, Vatne, A, Forselv, K, Frøyshov, H, Fjeldstad, M S, Tangen, L, Matapour, S, Kindberg, K, Johannessen, C, Rist, M, Mathisen, I, Nyrnes, T, Haavik, A, Toverud, G, Aakvik, K, Larsson, M, Ytrehus, K, Ingebrigtsen, S, Stokmo, T, Helander, C, Larsen, I C, Solberg, T O, Seljeseth, Y M, Maini, S, Bersås, I, Mathé, J, Rooth, E, Laska, A-C, Rudberg, A-S, Esbjörnsson, M, Andler, F, Ericsson, A, Wickberg, O, Karlsson, J-E, Redfors, P, Jood, K, Buchwald, F, Mansson, K, Gråhamn, O, Sjölin, K, Lindvall, E, Cidh, Å, Tolf, A, Fasth, O, Hedström, B, Fladt, J, Dittrich, T D, Kriemler, L, Hannon, N, Amis, E, Finlay, S, Mitchell-Douglas, J, McGee, J, Davies, R, Johnson, V, Nair, A, Robinson, M, Greig, J, Halse, O, Wilding, P, Mashate, S, Chatterjee, K, Martin, M, Leason, S, Roberts, J, Dutta, D, Ward, D, Rayessa, R, Clarkson, E, Teo, J, Ho, C, Conway, S, Aissa, M, Papavasileiou, V, Fry, S, Waugh, D, Britton, J, Hassan, A, Manning, L, Khan, S, Asaipillai, A, Fornolles, C, Tate, M L, Chenna, S, Anjum, T, Karunatilake, D, Foot, J, VanPelt, L, Shetty, A, Wilkes, G, Buck, A, Jackson, B, Fleming, L, Carpenter, M, Jackson, L, Needle, A, Zahoor, T, Duraisami, T, Northcott, K, Kubie, J, Bowring, A, Keenan, S, Mackle, D, England, T, Rushton, B, Hedstrom, A, Amlani, S, Evans, R, Muddegowda, G, Remegoso, A, Ferdinand, P, Varquez, R, Davis, M, Elkin, E, Seal, R, Fawcett, M, Gradwell, C, Travers, C, Atkinson, B, Woodward, S, Giraldo, L, Byers, J, Cheripelli, B, Lee, S, Marigold, R, Smith, S, Zhang, L, Ghatala, R, Sim, C H, Ghani, U, Yates, K, Obarey, S, Willmot, M, Ahlquist, K, Bates, M, Rashed, K, Board, S, Andsberg, G, Sundayi, S, Garside, M, Macleod, M-J, Manoj, A, Hopper, O, Cederin, B, Toomsoo, T, Gross-Paju, K, Tapiola, T, Kestutis, J, Amthor, K-F, Heermann, B, Ottesen, V, Melum, T A, Kurz, M, Parsons, M, Roaldsen, Melinda B, Eltoft, Agnethe, Wilsgaard, Tom, Christensen, Hanne, Engelter, Stefan T, Indredavik, Bent, Jatužis, Dalius, Karelis, Guntis, Kõrv, Janika, Lundström, Erik, Petersson, Jesper, Putaala, Jukka, Søyland, Mary-Helen, Tveiten, Arnstein, Bivard, Andrew, Johnsen, Stein Harald, Mazya, Michael V, Werring, David J, Wu, Teddy Y, De Marchis, Gian Marco, Robinson, Thompson G, and Mathiesen, Ellisiv B

Published
2023
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6. Playing by white rules of racial equality: student athlete experiences of racism in British university sport.

Author

Ward, Gavin, Hill, J., Hardman, A., Edwards, L., Scott, D., Jones, Amanda, and Richards, R.

Subjects
RACE, RACIAL identity of white people, HIGHER education, PHYSICAL activity, SPORTS
Abstract

Inequalities related to racial identity are consistently reported across social institutions, not least education, and sport. These inequalities consistently challenge 'post-race' narratives that rationalise racism down to individual prejudices and poor decision-making. This paper presents part of the findings from a wider a twelve-month research project commissioned by British University and Colleges Sport (BUCS) to explore race equality. This wider research privileged the voices of non-White students and staff in an exploration of race and equality in British UK university sport. 'Non-white' was chosen as a race identifier to focus on Whiteness, the normalised, raceless power that reproduces itself both knowingly and unknowingly, to ensure racial 'others' remain subordinate. This paper presents the findings of the student voices. In this study a research team of academic and student researchers explored the experiences of 38 students across five universities. Generating case studies from each university, the data was analysed from an Intersectional and Critical Race Theory perspective. Two core themes relating to negotiating Whiteness were developed from the data analysis which reflected experiences of university sport as predominantly White spaces; 'Play by the Rules' and 'Keep You Guessing'. Racial abuse was subtle, camouflaged in comments and actions that happened momentarily and hence were implausible to capture and evidence. For incidents to be addressed, evidence had to meet a 'beyond doubt' standard. Students were required to consciously negotiate racial bias and abuse to ensure they did not provide a justification for abuse. Navigating racialisation and stereotypes, plus White denial, was additional emotional labour for students. This mechanism of silencing the victim served to normalise racism for both the abused and perpetrator. The conclusion explores potential ways of disrupting these mechanisms of Whiteness in placing students' welfare at the heart of university sport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. From Digital Nature Hybrids to Digital Naturalists: Reviving Nature Connections Through Arts, Technology and Outdoor Activities

Author

Edwards, L., Darby, A., Dean, C., Edmonds, Ernest, Founding Editor, Vear, Craig, Series Editor, Brown, Paul, Editorial Board Member, Bryan-Kinns, Nick, Editorial Board Member, England, David, Editorial Board Member, Ferguson, Sam, Editorial Board Member, Ferran, Bronaċ, Editorial Board Member, Hugill, Andrew, Editorial Board Member, Lambert, Nicholas, Editorial Board Member, Lowgren, Jonas, Editorial Board Member, Yi-Luen Do, Ellen, Editorial Board Member, Earnshaw, Rae, editor, Liggett, Susan, editor, Excell, Peter, editor, and Thalmann, Daniel, editor

Published
2020
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10. Refined cut-off for TP53 immunohistochemistry improves prediction of TP53 mutation status in ovarian mucinous tumors: implications for outcome analyses

Author

Kang, Eun Young, Cheasley, Dane, LePage, Cecile, Wakefield, Matthew J., da Cunha Torres, Michelle, Rowley, Simone, Salazar, Carolina, Xing, Zhongyue, Allan, Prue, Bowtell, David D.L., Mes-Masson, Anne-Marie, Provencher, Diane M., Rahimi, Kurosh, Kelemen, Linda E., Fasching, Peter A., Doherty, Jennifer A., Goodman, Marc T., Goode, Ellen L., Deen, Suha, Pharoah, Paul D.P., Brenton, James D., Sieh, Weiva, Mateoiu, Constantina, Sundfeldt, Karin, Cook, Linda S., Le, Nhu D., Anglesio, Michael S., Gilks, C. Blake, Huntsman, David G., Kennedy, Catherine J., Traficante, Nadia, Bowtell, D., Chenevix-Trench, G., Green, A., Webb, P., DeFazio, A., Gertig, D., Traficante, N., Fereday, S., Moore, S., Hung, J., Harrap, K., Sadkowsky, T., Pandeya, N., Malt, M., Mellon, A., Robertson, R., Bergh, T. Vanden, Jones, M., Mackenzie, P., Maidens, J., Nattress, K., Chiew, Y.E., Stenlake, A., Sullivan, H., Alexander, B., Ashover, P., Brown, S., Corrish, T., Green, L., Jackman, L., Ferguson, K., Martin, K., Martyn, A., Ranieri, B., White, J., Jayde, V., Mamers, P., Bowes, L., Galletta, L., Giles, D., Hendley, J., Alsop, K., Schmidt, T., Shirley, H., Ball, C., Young, C., Viduka, S., Tran, Hoa, Bilic, Sanela, Glavinas, Lydia, Brooks, Julia, Stuart-Harris, R., Kirsten, F., Rutovitz, J., Clingan, P., Glasgow, A., Proietto, A., Braye, S., Otton, G., Shannon, J., Bonaventura, T., Stewart, J., Begbie, S., Friedlander, M., Bell, D., Baron-Hay, S., Ferrier, A., Gard, G., Nevell, D., Pavlakis, N., Valmadre, S., Young, B., Camaris, C., Crouch, R., Edwards, L., Hacker, N., Marsden, D., Robertson, G., Beale, P., Beith, J., Carter, J., Dalrymple, C., Houghton, R., Russell, P., Links, M., Grygiel, J., Hill, J., Brand, A., Byth, K., Jaworski, R., Harnett, P., Sharma, R., Wain, G., Ward, B., Papadimos, D., Crandon, A., Cummings, M., Horwood, K., Obermair, A., Perrin, L., Wyld, D., Nicklin, J., Davy, M., Oehler, M.K., Hall, C., Dodd, T., Healy, T., Pittman, K., Henderson, D., Miller, J., Pierdes, J., Blomfield, P., Challis, D., McIntosh, R., Parker, A., Brown, B., Rome, R., Allen, D., Grant, P., Hyde, S., Laurie, R., Robbie, M., Healy, D., Jobling, T., Manolitsas, T., McNealage, J., Rogers, P., Susil, B., Sumithran, E., Simpson, I., Phillips, K., Rischin, D., Fox, S., Johnson, D., Lade, S., Loughrey, M., O'Callaghan, N., Murray, W., Waring, P., Billson, V., Pyman, J., Neesham, D., Quinn, M., Underhill, C., Bell, R., Ng, L.F., Blum, R., Ganju, V., Hammond, I., Leung, Y., McCartney, A., Buck, M., Haviv, I., Purdie, D., Whiteman, D., Zeps, N., DeFazio, Anna, Kaufmann, Scott, Churchman, Michael, Gourley, Charlie, Stephens, Andrew N., Meagher, Nicola S., Ramus, Susan J., Antill, Yoland C., Campbell, Ian, Scott, Clare L., Köbel, Martin, Gorringe, Kylie L., Ryland, Georgina L., Allan, Prue E., Alsop, Kathryn, Ananda, Sumitra, Au-Yeung, George, Böhm, Maret, Brand, Alison, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Christie, Michael, Chiew, Yoke-Eng, Dudley, Rhiannon, Fairweather, Nicole, Fereday, Sian, Fox, Stephen B., Hacker, Neville F., Hadley, Alison M., Hendley, Joy, Ho, Gwo-Yaw, Hunter, Sally M., Jobling, Tom W., Kalli, Kimberly R., Kaufmann, Scott H., Le Page, Cecile, McNally, Orla M., McAlpine, Jessica N., Mileshkin, Linda, Pyman, Jan, Samimi, Goli, Sharma, Ragwha, and Campbell, Ian G.

Published
2021
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11. Opportunities to strengthen respiratory virus surveillance systems in Australia: lessons learned from the COVID-19 response

Author

Shearer, FM, Edwards, L, Kirk, M, Eales, O, Golding, N, Hassall, J, Liu, B, Lydeamore, M, Miller, C, Moss, R, Price, DJ, Ryan, GE, Sullivan, S, Tobin, R, Ward, K, Kaldor, J, Cheng, AC, Wood, J, Mccaw, JM, Shearer, FM, Edwards, L, Kirk, M, Eales, O, Golding, N, Hassall, J, Liu, B, Lydeamore, M, Miller, C, Moss, R, Price, DJ, Ryan, GE, Sullivan, S, Tobin, R, Ward, K, Kaldor, J, Cheng, AC, Wood, J, and Mccaw, JM

Abstract

Disease surveillance data was critical in supporting public health decisions throughout the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. At the same time, the unprecedented circumstances of the pandemic revealed many shortcomings of surveillance systems for viral respiratory pathogens. Strengthening of surveillance systems was identified as a priority for the recently established Australian Centre for Disease Control, which represents a critical opportunity to review pre-pandemic and pandemic surveillance practices, and to decide on future priorities, during both pandemic and inter-pandemic periods. On 20 October 2022, we ran a workshop with experts from the academic and government sectors who had contributed to the COVID-19 response in Australia on 'The role of surveillance in epidemic response', at the University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. Following the workshop, we developed five recommendations to strengthen respiratory virus surveillance systems in Australia, which we present here. Our recommendations are not intended to be exhaustive. We instead chose to focus on data types that are highly valuable yet typically overlooked by surveillance planners. Three of the recommendations focus on data collection activities that support the monitoring and prediction of disease impact and the effectiveness of interventions (what to measure) and two focus on surveillance methods and capabilities (how to measure). Implementation of our recommendations would enable more robust, timely, and impactful epidemic analysis.

Published
2024

12. Are custodial-based mothers and children's units evaluated, effective and aligned with a human rights-based approach? - A systematic review of the evidence.

Author

Taylor, J, Majeed, T, Remond, M, Bagade, T, Edwards, L, Sullivan, E, Taylor, J, Majeed, T, Remond, M, Bagade, T, Edwards, L, and Sullivan, E

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Special considerations are warranted for incarcerated mothers and their children, as both experience substantial health and social disadvantage. Children residing in custodial settings are at risk of not having access to the equivalence of education, healthcare and socialisation commensurate to that of children living in the community. This systematic review describes the existing evidence regarding underpinning theories, accessibility, and the effectiveness of custody-based Mothers and children's units (M&Cs) globally. METHODS: A systematic database search was conducted on May 1, 2023, of PsycINFO, Scopus, Sociology Ultimate and Web of Science (January 1, 2010, and May 1, 2023). FINDINGS: Our systematic synthesis reveals evidence gaps related to best practice guidelines that align with a human right-based approach, and evaluations of the impact of the prison environment on mothers and their children. INTERPRETATION: These findings support re-design of M&Cs using co-design to develop units that are evidence-based, robustly evaluated, and underpinned by the 'best interest of the child'. FUNDING: This systematic review was conducted as part of a broader review into M&C programs commissioned and funded by Corrective Services NSW, Australia (CSNSW), a division of the Department of Communities and Justice, as part of the NSW Premier's Priority to Reduce Recidivism within the Women as Parents workstream. No funding was received for this review.

Published
2024

13. A rapid review of the evidence on models of service delivery for correctional centre-based mothers and children's units: does our approach need to change?

Author

Taylor, J, Majeed, T, Remond, M, Bagade, T, Edwards, L, Austin, K, Smith, E, Howard, M, Sullivan, E, Taylor, J, Majeed, T, Remond, M, Bagade, T, Edwards, L, Austin, K, Smith, E, Howard, M, and Sullivan, E

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Incarcerated mothers are a marginalised group who experience substantial health and social disadvantage and routinely face disruption of family relationships, including loss of custody of their children. To support the parenting role, mothers and children's units (M&Cs) operate in 97 jurisdictions internationally with approximately 19 000 children reported to be residing with their mothers in custody-based settings. AIM: This rapid review aims to describe the existing evidence regarding the models of service delivery for, and key components of, custodial M&Cs. METHOD: A systematic search was conducted of four electronic databases to identify peer-reviewed literature published from 2010 onwards that reported quantitative and qualitative primary studies focused on custody-based M&Cs. Extracted data included unit components, admission and eligibility criteria, evaluations and recommendations. RESULTS: Of 3075 records identified, 35 met inclusion criteria. M&Cs accommodation was purpose-built, incorporated elements of domestic life and offered a family-like environment. Specific workforce training in caring for children and M&Cs evaluations were largely absent. Our systematic synthesis generated a list of key components for M&C design and service delivery. These components include timely and transparent access to information and knowledge for women, evaluation of the impact of the prison environment on M&C, and organisational opportunities and limitations. CONCLUSION: The next generation of M&Cs requires evidence-based key components that are implemented systematically and is evaluated. To achieve this, the use of codesign is a proven method for developing tailored programmes. Such units must offer a net benefit to both mothers and their children.

Published
2024

14. Promotional industries, capitalism and market society : The changing relationship of ‘value’ to ‘values’

Author

Edwards, L, Bourne, C, Cabañes, J. V. A., Castro, G, Cronin, Anne, Edwards, L, Bourne, C, Cabañes, J. V. A., Castro, G, and Cronin, Anne

Abstract

This chapter examines the multi-layered and shifting relationship between promotional industries, capitalism and market society through the analytic lens of economic ‘value’ and social ‘values’. Rather than offering an overarching account of the media’s interface with capitalism, market society and consumer culture this chapter focuses on the role of promotional industries in shaping changes in the relationship between ‘value’ and values’, and the implications of such changes for promotional industries such as advertising, marketing, branding and public relations. The chapter argues that shifts in the ways in which economic value interfaces with a range of social values creates a new playing field which impacts upon the work of promotional industries in significant ways while simultaneously increasing the social, economic and political impact of promotional industries’ work.

Published
2024

15. The Spitzer Archival Far-InfraRed Extragalactic Survey

Author

Hanish, D., Capak, P., Teplitz, H., Desai, V., Armus, L., Brinkworth, C., Brooke, T., Colbert, J., Edwards, L., Fadda, D., Frayer, D., Huynh, M., Lacy, M., Murphy, E., Noriega-Crespo, A., Paladini, R., Scarlata, C., Shenoy, S., and Team, the SAFIRES

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the Spitzer Archival Far-InfraRed Extragalactic Survey (SAFIRES). This program produces refined mosaics and source lists for all far-infrared extragalactic data taken during the more than six years of the cryogenic operation of the Spitzer Space Telescope. The SAFIRES products consist of far-infrared data in two wavelength bands (70 um and 160 um) across approximately 180 square degrees of sky, with source lists containing far-infrared fluxes for almost 40,000 extragalactic point sources. Thus, SAFIRES provides a large, robust archival far-infrared data set suitable for many scientific goals., Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, published in ApJS

Published
2015
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16. From solid solution to cluster formation of Fe and Cr in $\alpha$-Zr

Author

Burr, P. A., Wenman, M. R., Gault, B., Moody, M. P., Ivermark, M., Rushton, M. J. D., Preuss, M., Edwards, L., and Grimes, R. W.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

To understand the mechanisms by which Fe and Cr additions increase the corrosion rate of irradiated Zr alloys, a combination of experimental (atom probe tomography, x-ray diffraction and thermoelectric power measurements) and modelling (density functional theory) techniques are employed to investigate the non-equilibrium solubility and clustering of Fe and Cr in binary Zr alloys. Cr occupies both interstitial and substitutional sites in the {\alpha}-Zr lattice, Fe favours interstitial sites, and a low-symmetry site that was not previously modelled is found to be the most favourable for Fe. Lattice expansion as a function of alloying concentration (in the dilute regime) is strongly anisotropic for Fe additions, expanding the $c$-axis while contracting the $a$-axis. Defect clusters are observed at higher solution concentrations, which induce a smaller amount of lattice strain compared to the dilute defects. In the presence of a Zr vacancy, all two-atom clusters are more soluble than individual point defects and as many as four Fe or three Cr atoms could be accommodated in a single Zr vacancy. The Zr vacancy is critical for the increased solubility of defect clusters, the implications for irradiation induced microstructure changes in Zr alloys are discussed., Comment: 15 pages including figure, 9 figures, 2 tables. Submitted for publication in Acta Mater, Journal of Nuclear Materials (2015)

Published
2015
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18. Prognostic gene expression signature for high-grade serous ovarian cancer

Author

Bowtell, D., Chenevix-Trench, G., Green, A., Webb, P., DeFazio, A., Gertig, D., Traficante, N., Fereday, S., Moore, S., Hung, J., Harrap, K., Sadkowsky, T., Pandeya, N., Malt, M., Mellon, A., Robertson, R., Vanden Bergh, T., Jones, M., Mackenzie, P., Maidens, J., Nattress, K., Chiew, Y.E., Stenlake, A., Sullivan, H., Alexander, B., Ashover, P., Brown, S., Corrish, T., Green, L., Jackman, L., Ferguson, K., Martin, K., Martyn, A., Ranieri, B., White, J., Jayde, V., Mamers, P., Bowes, L., Galletta, L., Giles, D., Hendley, J., Alsop, K., Schmidt, T., Shirley, H., Ball, C., Young, C., Viduka, S., Tran, Hoa, Bilic, Sanela, Glavinas, Lydia, Brooks, Julia, Stuart-Harris, R., Kirsten, F., Rutovitz, J., Clingan, P., Glasgow, A., Proietto, A., Braye, S., Otton, G., Shannon, J., Bonaventura, T., Stewart, J., Begbie, S., Friedlander, M., Bell, D., Baron-Hay, S., Ferrier,a, A., Gard, G., Nevell, D., Pavlakis, N., Valmadre, S., Young, B., Camaris, C., Crouch, R., Edwards, L., Hacker, N., Marsden, D., Robertson, G., Beale, P., Beith, J., Carter, J., Dalrymple, C., Houghton, R., Russell, P., Links, M., Grygiel, J., Hill, J., Brand, A., Byth, K., Jaworski, R., Harnett, P., Sharma, R., Wain, G., Ward, B., Papadimos, D., Crandon, A., Cummings, M., Horwood, K., Obermair, A., Perrin, L., Wyld, D., Nicklin, J., Davy, M., Oehler, M.K., Hall, C., Dodd, T., Healy, T., Pittman, K., Henderson, D., Miller, J., Pierdes, J., Blomfield, P., Challis, D., McIntosh, R., Parker, A., Brown, B., Rome, R., Allen, D., Grant, P., Hyde, S., Laurie, R., Robbie, M., Healy, D., Jobling, T., Manolitsas, T., McNealage, J., Rogers, P., Susil, B., Sumithran, E., Simpson, I., Phillips, K., Rischin, D., Fox, S., Johnson, D., Lade, S., Loughrey, M., O’Callaghan, N., Murray, W., Waring, P., Billson, V., Pyman, J., Neesham, D., Quinn, M., Underhill, C., Bell, R., Ng, L.F., Blum, R., Ganju, V., Hammond, I., Leung, Y., McCartney, A., Buck, M., Haviv, I., Purdie, D., Whiteman, D., Zeps, N., Millstein, J., Budden, T., Goode, E.L., Anglesio, M.S., Talhouk, A., Intermaggio, M.P., Leong, H.S., Chen, S., Elatre, W., Gilks, B., Nazeran, T., Volchek, M., Bentley, R.C., Wang, C., Chiu, D.S., Kommoss, S., Leung, S.C.Y., Senz, J., Lum, A., Chow, V., Sudderuddin, H., Mackenzie, R., George, J., Steed, H., Koziak, J.M., Köbel, M., McNeish, I.A., Goranova, T., Ennis, D., Macintyre, G., Silva De Silva, D., Ramón y Cajal, T., García-Donas, J., Hernando Polo, S., Rodriguez, G.C., Cushing-Haugen, K.L., Harris, H.R., Greene, C.S., Zelaya, R.A., Behrens, S., Fortner, R.T., Sinn, P., Herpel, E., Lester, J., Lubiński, J., Oszurek, O., Tołoczko, A., Cybulski, C., Menkiszak, J., Pearce, C.L., Pike, M.C., Tseng, C., Alsop, J., Rhenius, V., Song, H., Jimenez-Linan, M., Piskorz, A.M., Gentry-Maharaj, A., Karpinskyj, C., Widschwendter, M., Singh, N., Kennedy, C.J., Harnett, P.R., Gao, B., Johnatty, S.E., Sayer, R., Boros, J., Winham, S.J., Keeney, G.L., Kaufmann, S.H., Larson, M.C., Luk, H., Hernandez, B.Y., Thompson, P.J., Wilkens, L.R., Carney, M.E., Trabert, B., Lissowska, J., Brinton, L., Sherman, M.E., Bodelon, C., Hinsley, S., Lewsley, L.A., Glasspool, R., Banerjee, S.N., Stronach, E.A., Haluska, P., Ray-Coquard, I., Mahner, S., Winterhoff, B., Slamon, D., Levine, D.A., Kelemen, L.E., Benitez, J., Chang-Claude, J., Gronwald, J., Wu, A.H., Menon, U., Goodman, M.T., Schildkraut, J.M., Wentzensen, N., Brown, R., Berchuck, A., deFazio, A., Gayther, S.A., García, M.J., Henderson, M.J., Rossing, M.A., Beeghly-Fadiel, A., Fasching, P.A., Orsulic, S., Karlan, B.Y., Konecny, G.E., Huntsman, D.G., Bowtell, D.D., Brenton, J.D., Doherty, J.A., Pharoah, P.D.P., and Ramus, S.J.

Published
2020
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23. SPITZER observations of Abell 1763. III. The infrared luminosity function in different supercluster environments

Author

Biviano, A., Fadda, D., Durret, F., Edwards, L. O. V., and Marleau, F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We determine the galaxy infrared (IR) luminosity function (LF) as a function of the environment in a supercluster at z=0.23, using optical, near-IR, and mid- to far-IR photometry, as well as redshifts from optical spectroscopy. We identify 467 supercluster members in a sample of 24-micron-selected galaxies, on the basis of their spectroscopic (153) and photometric (314) redshifts. IR luminosities, stellar masses and star formation rates (SFRs) are determined for supercluster members via spectral energy distribution fitting and the Kennicutt relation. Galaxies with active galactic nuclei are excluded from the sample. We determine the IR LF of the whole supercluster as well as the IR LFs of three different regions in the supercluster: the cluster core, a large-scale filament, and the cluster outskirts (excluding the filament). The IR LF shows an environmental dependence which is not simply related to the local galaxy density. The filament, an intermediate-density region in the A1763 supercluster, contains the highest fraction of IR-emitting galaxies at all levels of IR luminosities. As expected, the core contains the lowest fraction of IR-emitting galaxies and almost no Luminous IR Galaxies (LIRGs). The relation between galaxy specific SFRs and stellar masses does not depend on the environment, and it indicates that most supercluster LIRGs (in particular those in the filament) are rather massive galaxies with relatively low specific SFRs. A comparison with previous IR LF determinations from the literature confirms that the mass-normalized total SFR in clusters increases with redshift, but more rapidly than previously suggested for redshifts <0.4. We interpret our findings within a possible scenario for the evolution of galaxies in and around clusters [Abridged]., Comment: Astronomy and Astrophysics accepted. 16 pages, 17 figures. Last version after proofs corrections

Published
2011
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24. The Diverse Nature of Optical Emission Lines in Brightest Cluster Galaxies: IFU Observations of the Central Kiloparsecs

Author

Edwards, L. O. V., Robert, C., Mollá, M., and McGee, S. L.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present integral field spectroscopy of the nebular line emission in a sample of 9 brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs). The sample was chosen to probe both cooling flow and non-cooling flow clusters, as well as a range of cluster X-ray luminosities. The line emission morphology and velocity gradients suggest a great diversity in the properties of the line emitting gas. While some BGCs show evidence for filamentary or patchy emission (Abell 1060, Abell 1668 and MKW3s), others have extended emission (Abell 1204, Abell 2199), while still others have centrally concentrated emission (Abell 2052). We examine diagnostic line ratios to determine the dominant ionization mechanisms in each galaxy. Most of the galaxies show regions with AGN-like spectra, however for two BCGs, Abell 1060 and Abell 1204, the emission line diagnostics suggest regions which can be described by the emission from young stellar populations. The diversity of emission line properties in our sample of BCGs suggests that the emission mechanism is not universal, with different ionization processes dominating different systems. Given this diversity, there is no evidence for a clear distinction of the emission line properties between cooling flow and non-cooling flow BCGs. It is not always cooling flow BCGs which show emission (or young stellar populations), and non-cooling flow BCGs which do not., Comment: 23 pages, 23 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS. Full resolution images are online http://web.ipac.caltech.edu/staff/louise

Published
2009
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25. Variables Related to Life Satisfaction among Senior Adults in Assisted Living Facilities.

Author

Magyar-Moe, J. L., McDermott, D., Edwards, L. M., Pedrotti, J. T., LaRue, S., Stone, M. E., Spalitto, S. V., and Diamond, K. L.

Abstract

As the population of the United States rapidly grays, the plight of older people living in assisted living situations is of growing concern to health and mental health care teams, as well as the families of the individuals residing in these living environments. This large group of residents, past the stage of living in their own homes, yet not in need of skilled care, is at risk for low satisfaction with life, depression, and hopelessness. Due to the potentially positive roles of hope and spirituality in lowering depression levels and raising life satisfaction ratings, the current study was conducted in order to empirically examine the relationship among these variables for senior adults in assisted living facilities. Results reveal that life satisfaction correlated positively with hope and spirituality, and negatively with depression. Life satisfaction did not correlate significantly with indicators of poor health as expected, however, the correlation did approach significance. Additionally, depression was found to be significantly negatively correlated with spirituality and hope. (Contains 27 references.) (Author/GCP)

Published
2001

26. Line Emission in the Brightest Cluster Galaxies of the NOAO Fundamental Plane and Sloan Digital Sky Surveys

Author

Edwards, L. O. V., Hudson, Michael J., Balogh, Michael L., and Smith, Russell J.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

We examine the optical emission line properties of Brightest Cluster Galaxies (BCGs) selected from two large, homogeneous datasets. The first is the X-ray selected National Optical Astronomy Observatory Fundamental Plane Survey (NFPS), and the second is the C4 catalogue of optically selected clusters built from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release ~3 (SDSS DR3). Our goal is to better understand the optical line emission in BCGs with respect to properties of the galaxy and the host cluster. Throughout the analysis we compare the line emission of the BCGs to that of a control sample made of the other bright galaxies near the cluster centre. Overall, both the NFPS and SDSS show a modest fraction of BCGs with emission lines (~15%). No trend in the fraction of emitting BCGs as a function of galaxy mass or cluster velocity dispersion is found. However we find that, for those BCGs found in cooling flow clusters, 71^{+9}_{-14}% have optical emission. Furthermore, if we consider only BCGs within 50kpc of the X-ray centre of a cooling flow cluster, the emission-line fraction rises further to 100^{+0}_{-15}%. Excluding the cooling flow clusters, only ~10% of BCGs are line emitting, comparable to the control sample of galaxies. We show that the physical origin of the emission line activity varies: in some cases it has LINER-like line ratios, whereas in others it is a composite of star-formation and LINER-like activity. We conclude that the presence of emission lines in BCGs is directly related to the cooling of X-ray gas at the cluster centre., Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 13 pages mn2e style with 7 figures and 2 tables

Published
2007
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27. Adoption of Lung Protective ventilation IN patients undergoing Emergency laparotomy: the ALPINE study. A prospective multicentre observational study

Author

Johnston, C., Huddart, S., Woods, J., Hadi, N., Ali, S., Thorning, G., Gill, P., Boomers, O., Rope, T., Bartlett, R., Kuttler, A., O'Carroll-Kuehn, B., Dickinson, M., Lyness, C., Jha, R., Patel, S., Raj, A., Tanqueray, T., Cox, M., Khader, A., Vashisht, S., Liyanage, S., Ahmed, K., Whitehead, J., Patel, N., Liu, S., Patel, C., Hayward, L., Leonard, S., Hare, S., Saha, R., de Bois, J., Winterbottom, T., Choo, Y., Oliver, C.M., Timbrell, D., Sinnott, M., Yip, E., Trask, N., Sothisrihar, S., Shaw, M., Thorat, P., Shah, D., Leir, S., Farag, M., Duffen, A., McCretton, T., Wojcikiewicz, T., King, C., Pennington, J., Patel, M., Kok, W., Gunarathna, D., Carter, L., Spence, E., Chambers, K., Cervi, E., Cummins, J., Shah, N., Eeles, A., Chu, A., Webb, C., Nolan, L., McHugh, B., Walls, A., Lakhani, R., Matthews, S., Hussein, Z., Wang, S., Weisskopf, R., Talbot, H., Verney, C., Nurmi, E., Henderson, K., Beesley, O.R., Hunter, J., Nicholls, L., Robles, A., Lee, S., Hawkins, R., Patel, K., Kwok, A., Han, J., Allana, A., Kestner, S., Roopra, A., Edwards, L., O'Dell, T., Selby, J., Bickmore, E., Remeta, P., Karsten, E., Daum, P., Loughnan, A., Heggarty, A., Bowes, H., Gunaratna, D., Cronin, J., Post, B., Blunt, N., Gilbert-Kawai, E., Gray, M., Highton, D., Finlay, C., Clancy, O., Bampoe, S., O'Carroll, J., Wickham, A., Wordsworth, H., Williams, F., Hackney, J., Marsh, V., Davies, O., Bird, R., Patel, R., Philips, S., Laycock, H., Morkane, C., Grailey, K., El-Boghdadly, K., Hansen, T.P., Watson, X., Chereshneva, M., Odor, P.M., Chis Ster, I., and Cecconi, M.

Published
2018
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29. Creation's beauty as revelation : toward a creational theology of natural beauty

Author

Edwards, L. Clifton and Brown, David

Subjects
230, BR115.A8E3, Aesthetics--Religious aspects--Christianity, Revelation--Christianity, Theology
Abstract

The thesis provides an account of how natural beauty functions as revelation and contributes to theology. The central claim is that natural beauty ‘images' aspects of God's nature and intentions within Creation's artistic ‘text'—admittedly, most fully from within a Christian perspective, but already potentially in any experience of beauty. Chapter One presents an approach to ‘creational theology'—a methodological understanding of how God can be known through the aesthetic rationality shared between Creation and humanity. This understanding of creational theology outlines a relationship between God and created beauty that is developed progressively with each chapter. Chapter Two addresses the created side of this relationship by characterizing the phenomenon of physical, sensory, ‘perceptual beauty.' This perceptual beauty relates to God as a created framework through which God can express aspects of his nature. Chapter Three describes how such expression is apprehended in natural beauty, namely through a Polanyian epistemic vision and symbolic practice, which engages beautiful images within Creation's art. Chapter Four applies this Christian vision and symbolic practice, adapting John Ruskin's concept of ‘typical beauty.' Through this typological approach, beautiful forms artistically image aspects of God's nature and intentions. Extensions of Ruskin's approach also allow for further development of a creational theology of natural beauty—that is, a theology underscoring the powerful interrelations of God, beauty, and humanity, and the need to respond to beauty as a phenomenality of God for his creatures.

Published
2011

30. Use of a Virtual Laboratory to plan, execute and analyse Neutron Strain Scanning experiments

Author

James, J. A., Santistiban, J. R., Daymond, M. R., and Edwards, L.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

The new generation of dedicated Engineering Strain Scanners at neutron facilities such as ENGIN-X at ISIS and SMARTS at LANSCE offer considerable increases in both the throughput of samples and the density of measurements which are feasible within each sample. This trend is set to increase further with new neutron sources such as the SNS. In order to make full use of these advances the routine processes associated with setting up measurements, and analysing data need to be made as efficient as possible. This issue has been addressed on ENGIN-X by writing a new piece of software which provides support for many of these operations. The approach is based on a virtual lab consisting of three dimensional models of the sample and lab equipment such as collimators and positioner. A typical session using the package would be; 1) Generate the sample model using primitives or from surface points measured with a coordinate measurement machine, 2) Specify fiducial and measurement points on screen, 3) Locate the sample model within the virtual and real laboratories, 4) Execute the measurement sequence using automatically generated machine control scripts, 5). Analyse the data, 6). Display data using a variety of options including superimposed on the sample model. The inclusion of an accurate sample model within the virtual lab allows many other useful properties such as neutron path lengths and measurement gauge volumes to be determined; it is also a relatively simple matter to check for possible collisions between sample and lab equipment such as collimators thereby avoiding potentially costly mistakes. The software which is shortly to be installed at ENGIN-X has been designed with visiting industrial and academic researchers in mind; users who need to be able to control the instrument after only a short period of training., Comment: NOBUGS2002 conference paper, (NOBUGS2002, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD, Abstract identifier NOBUGS2002/026. 6 pages, 9 figures, pdf file

Published
2002

31. Crohn's disease : in vitro and ex vivo innate epithelial responses to bacterial stimulation

Author

Edwards, L. A.

Subjects
616.3
Abstract

Evidence in the literature suggests that Crohn's disease involves an abnormal, innate immune response to the "commensal microbiota". It is hypothesised that when symbiosis between the residential microbiota and the epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract is broken, secretion of potent inflammatory mediators initiates a chronic adaptive immune response, which leads to the pathology seen in Crohn's disease. The aims of the studentship were to a) characterise and compare the innate mucosal signals generated in vitro in response to the presence of "commensal", "probiotic" and "pathogenic bacteria" and b) to establish the typical ex vivo mucosal response in order to ascertain if the immunological responses to bacterial stimuli in Crohn's disease is abnormal. On investigation of a range of bacterial species it was found that bacterial "properties" that influence host responses are not necessarily linked to pathogenicity and bacteria did not segregate into good (commensal / probiotic) and bad (pathogenic) bacteria. Bacterial phenotype was assessed by electron microscopy and both pathogenic and non pathogenic bacteria expressed external structures associated with virulence. Virulence gene deletion mutants of pathogenic bacterial strains were used to determine what bacterial epitopes drove the in vitro responses. Epithelial responses to the whole organism were found to be complex, with a range of responses to soluble and/or external microbial structures. In addition, bacterial supernatants had minimal effect, implying that bacterial contact was an essential part of the process. Evidence was found to suggest that the host recognises the bacterium by combinations of microbial products and may also require co-stimulatory signals to confirm "danger" before responding. The influence of the maturity of the epithelium was studied using Caco-2 cells and immature primary crypt cells (HIEC). Evidence was found to support a hypothesis that the abnormal response in Crohn's disease could originate from the inappropriate stimulus of immature epithelial cells. In vitro organ culture was used to assess the mucosal response to bacterial stimulus ex vivo. Regional and bacterial specific differences were observed in biopsies from Crohn's disease, and evidence was found to support the hypothesis of abnormal innate immune responses to bacterial stimuli.

Published
2008

32. Galaxy population properties in the rich clusters MS0839.8+2938, 1224.7+2007 and 1231.3+1542

Author

Hutchings, J. B. and Edwards, L.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

This paper discusses the galaxy populations of three rich clusters, with redshift 0.19 (0839+29), 0.24 (1231+15), and 0.32 (1224+20), from the database of the CNOC1 consortium. The data consist of spectra of 52 cluster members for 0839+29, 30 members for 1224+15, and 82 members for 1231+15, and there are comparable numbers of field galaxy spectra. 0839+29 is compact with no strong radial gradients, and possibly dusty. 1224+20 is isolated in redshift, has low velocity dispersion around the cD galaxy, and low 4000A break. 1231+15 is asymmetrical and we discuss the possibility that it may be a recent merger of two old clusters. We find few galaxies in 0839+29 and 1231+15 with ongoing or recently truncated star-formation., Comment: 16 pages and 20 diagrams, to appear in AJ

Published
1999
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34. Management of acute cervical spinal cord injury in the non‐specialist intensive care unit: a narrative review of current evidence.

Author

Wiles, M. D., Benson, I., Edwards, L., Miller, R., Tait, F., and Wynn‐Hebden, A.

Subjects
SPINAL cord injuries, SPINAL injuries, INTENSIVE care units, CERVICAL cord, REHABILITATION centers, CLINICAL trials, SPINAL cord
Abstract

Summary: Each year approximately one million people suffer spinal cord injury, which has significant physical, psychosocial and economic impacts on patients and their families. Spinal cord rehabilitation centres are a well‐established part of the care pathway for patients with spinal cord injury and facilitate improvements in functional independence and reductions in healthcare costs. Within the UK, however, there are a limited number of spinal cord injury centres, which delays admission. Patients and their families often perceive that they are not receiving specialist care while being treated in non‐specialist units. This review aimed to provide clinicians who work in non‐specialist spinal injury centres with a summary of contemporary studies relevant to the critical care management of patients with cervical spinal cord injury. We undertook a targeted literature review including guidelines, systematic reviews, meta‐analyses, clinical trials and randomised controlled trials published in English between 1 June 2017 and 1 June 2023. Studies involving key clinical management strategies published before this time, but which have not been updated or repeated, were also included. We then summarised the key management themes: acute critical care management approaches (including ventilation strategies, blood pressure management and tracheostomy insertion); respiratory weaning techniques; management of pain and autonomic dysreflexia; and rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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37. Developing best practice principles for the provision of programs and services to people transitioning from custody to the community: study protocol for a modified Delphi consensus exercise.

Author

Majeed, T, Breuer, E, Edwards, L, Remond, M, Taylor, J, Zeki, R, Hampton, S, Grant, L, Sherwood, J, Baldry, E, Sullivan, E, Majeed, T, Breuer, E, Edwards, L, Remond, M, Taylor, J, Zeki, R, Hampton, S, Grant, L, Sherwood, J, Baldry, E, and Sullivan, E

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: There is a lack of standard nomenclature and a limited understanding of programmes and services delivered to people in prisons as they transition into the community to support their integration and reduce reoffending related risk factors. The aim of this paper is to outline the protocol for a modified Delphi study designed to develop expert consensus on the nomenclature and best-practice principles of programmes and services for people transitioning from prison into the community. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: An online, two-phase modified Delphi process will be conducted to develop an expert consensus on nomenclature and the best-practice principles for these programmes. In the preparatory phase, a questionnaire was developed comprising a list of potential best-practice statements identified from a systematic literature search. Subsequently, a heterogeneous sample of experts including service providers, Community and Justice Services, Not for Profits, First Nations stakeholders, those with lived experience, researchers and healthcare providers will participate in the consensus building phase (online survey rounds and online meeting) to achieve consensus on nomenclature and best-practice principles. Participants will indicate, via Likert scale, to what extent they agree with nomenclature and best-practice statements. If at least 80% of the experts agree to a term or statement (indicated via Likert scale), it will be included in a final list of nomenclature and best-practice statements. Statements will be excluded if 80% experts disagree. Nomenclature and statements not meeting positive or negative consensus will be explored in a facilitated online meeting. Approval from experts will be sought on the final list of nomenclature and best-practice statements. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval has been received from the Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network Human Research Ethics Committee, the Aboriginal Health and Medical Research Council Huma

Published
2023

38. Opening the Black box of Self-Directed Exercise after Stroke

Author

Randell, R, Connell, Louise Anne, Edwards, L, Randell, R, Connell, Louise Anne, and Edwards, L

Abstract

Introduction: Delivering the intensity of exercise required to promote upper limb recovery after stroke is challenging within resource limited health systems. Self-directed exercise may be a way of increasing rehabilitation intensity. Developing an understanding of the hows, whys, and in what contexts self-directed upper limb therapy is successfully prescribed and performed is key to developing implementable interventions, and potentially supporting those that already exist. Method: We are undertaking a realist review to identify and test, (1) What supports and constrains people doing self-directed upper limb exercise after stroke, (2) How, why and in what context and for whom it improves outcomes. A realist review differs from a traditional systematic review in that it focuses on an explanation of an intervention’s causal mechanisms and how they work in different contexts, as well as its outcomes. Consisting of two phases, Phase 1 involves identifying stakeholder theories about self-directed upper limb exercise from the literature. We have searched Embase, CINAHL, PEDro, PsycINFO, Epistemonikos, TRIP database, trade journals (e.g., Frontline, OTnews) and Google. In Phase 2, we will test these theories, allowing them to be refined, refuted or confirmed, using empirical evidence from databases and websites appropriate to the theory being tested. As an iterative process, areas of focus will develop dependent upon the theories found and based on stakeholder consultation. Results: N/A Conclusion: The resulting programme theory and logic model for self-directed exercise after stroke will be further refined through fieldwork, providing the basis for co-design of a toolkit to support self-directed exercise.

Published
2023

39. B1+-correction of magnetization transfer saturation maps optimized for 7T postmortem MRI of the brain

Author

Lipp, I., Kirilina, E., Edwards, L., Pine, K., Jäger, C., Gräßle, T., EBC Consortium, Weiskopf, N., and Helms, G.

Abstract

Purpose: Magnetization transfer saturation (MTsat) is a useful marker to probe tissue macromolecular content and myelination in the brain. The increased B+1-inhomogeneity at 7T and significantly larger saturation pulse flip angles which are often used for postmortem studies exceed the limits where previous MTsat B+1-correction methods are applicable. Here, we develop a calibration-based correction model and procedure, and validate and evaluate it in postmortem 7T data of whole chimpanzee brains.Theory: The B+1 dependence of MTsat was investigated by varying the off-resonance saturation pulse flip angle. For the range of saturation pulse flip angles applied in typical experiments on postmortem tissue, the dependence was close to linear. A linear model with a single calibration constant C is proposed to correct bias in MTsat by mapping it to the reference value of the saturation pulse flip angle.Methods: C was estimated voxel-wise in five postmortem chimpanzee brains. "Individual-based global parameters" were obtained by calculating the mean C within individual specimen brains and "group-based global parameters" by calculating the means of the individual-based global parameters across the five brains.Results: The linear calibration model described the data well, though C was not entirely independent of the underlying tissue and B+1. Individual-based correction parameters and a group-based global correction parameter ( C=1.2) led to visible, quantifiable reductions of B+1-biases in high-resolution MTsat maps.Conclusion: The presented model and calibration approach effectively corrects for B+1 inhomogeneities in postmortem 7T data.

Published
2023

42. Safety and efficacy of tenecteplase in patients with wake-up stroke assessed by non-contrast CT (TWIST): a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial

Author

Roaldsen, Melinda B, primary, Eltoft, Agnethe, additional, Wilsgaard, Tom, additional, Christensen, Hanne, additional, Engelter, Stefan T, additional, Indredavik, Bent, additional, Jatužis, Dalius, additional, Karelis, Guntis, additional, Kõrv, Janika, additional, Lundström, Erik, additional, Petersson, Jesper, additional, Putaala, Jukka, additional, Søyland, Mary-Helen, additional, Tveiten, Arnstein, additional, Bivard, Andrew, additional, Johnsen, Stein Harald, additional, Mazya, Michael V, additional, Werring, David J, additional, Wu, Teddy Y, additional, De Marchis, Gian Marco, additional, Robinson, Thompson G, additional, Mathiesen, Ellisiv B, additional, Parson, M, additional, Valente, M, additional, Chen, A, additional, Sharobeam, A, additional, Edwards, L, additional, Blair, C, additional, Christensen, L, additional, Ægidius, K, additional, Pihl, T, additional, Fassel-Larsen, C, additional, Wassvik, L, additional, Folke, M, additional, Rosenbaum, S, additional, Gharehbagh, S S, additional, Hansen, A, additional, Preisler, N, additional, Antsov, K, additional, Mallene, S, additional, Lill, M, additional, Herodes, M, additional, Vibo, R, additional, Rakitin, A, additional, Saarinen, J, additional, Tiainen, M, additional, Tumpula, O, additional, Noppari, T, additional, Raty, S, additional, Sibolt, G, additional, Nieminen, J, additional, Niederhauser, J, additional, Haritoncenko, I, additional, Puustinen, J, additional, Haula, T-M, additional, Sipilä, J, additional, Viesulaite, B, additional, Taroza, S, additional, Rastenyte, D, additional, Matijosaitis, V, additional, Vilionskis, A, additional, Masiliunas, R, additional, Ekkert, A, additional, Chmeliauskas, P, additional, Lukosaitis, V, additional, Reichenbach, A, additional, Moss, T T, additional, Nilsen, H Y, additional, Hammer-Berntzen, R, additional, Nordby, L M, additional, Weiby, T A, additional, Nordengen, K, additional, Ihle-Hansen, H, additional, Stankiewiecz, M, additional, Grotle, O, additional, Nes, 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Published
2023
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48. Sourcing high tissue quality brains from deceased wild primates with known socio-ecology

Author

Gräßle, T., Crockford, C., Eichner, C., Girard-Buttoz, C., Jäger, C., Kirilina, E., Lipp, I., Düx, A., Edwards, L., Jauch, A., Kopp, K., Paquette, M., Pine, K., Haun, D., McElreath, R., Anwander, A., Gunz, P., Morawski, M., Friederici, A., Weiskopf, N., Leendertz, F., Wittig, R., and EBC Consortium

Subjects
Ecological Modeling, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

The selection pressures that drove dramatic encephalisation processes through the mammal lineage remain elusive, as does knowledge of brain structure reorganisation through this process. In particular, considerable structural brain changes are present across the primate lineage, culminating in the complex human brain that allows for unique behaviours such as language and sophisticated tool use. To understand this evolution, a diverse sample set of humans' closest relatives with varying socio-ecologies is needed. However, current brain banks predominantly curate brains from primates that died in zoological gardens. We try to address this gap by establishing a field pipeline mitigating the challenges associated with brain extractions of wild primates in their natural habitat. The success of our approach is demonstrated by our ability to acquire a novel brain sample of deceased primates with highly variable socio-ecological exposure and a particular focus on wild chimpanzees. Methods in acquiring brain tissue from wild settings are comprehensively explained, highlighting the feasibility of conducting brain extraction procedures under strict biosafety measures by trained veterinarians in field sites. Brains are assessed at a fine-structural level via high-resolution MRI and state-of-the-art histology. Analyses confirm that excellent tissue quality of primate brains sourced in the field can be achieved with a comparable tissue quality of brains acquired from zoo-living primates. Our field methods are noninvasive, here defined as not harming living animals, and may be applied to other mammal systems than primates. In sum, the field protocol and methodological pipeline validated here pose a major advance for assessing the influence of socio-ecology on medium to large mammal brains, at both macro- and microstructural levels as well as aiding with the functional annotation of brain regions and neuronal pathways via specific behaviour assessments.

Published
2023

49. Sourcing high tissue quality brains from deceased wild primates with known socio‐ecology (advance online)

Author

Gräßle, T., Crockford, C., https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6597-5106, Eichner, C., Girard-Buttoz, C., https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1742-4400, Jäger, C., Kirilina, E., Lipp, I., Düx, A., Edwards, L., Jauch, A., Kopp, K., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8414-3193, Paquette, M., Pine, K., Haun, D., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3262-645X, McElreath, R., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0387-5377, Anwander, A., Gunz, P., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2350-4450, Morawski, M., Friederici, A., Weiskopf, N., Leendertz, F., Wittig, R., https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6490-4031, and EBC Consortium

Abstract

The selection pressures that drove dramatic encephalisation processes through the mammal lineage remain elusive, as does knowledge of brain structure reorganisation through this process. In particular, considerable structural brain changes are present across the primate lineage, culminating in the complex human brain that allows for unique behaviours such as language and sophisticated tool use. To understand this evolution, a diverse sample set of humans' closest relatives with varying socio-ecologies is needed. However, current brain banks predominantly curate brains from primates that died in zoological gardens. We try to address this gap by establishing a field pipeline mitigating the challenges associated with brain extractions of wild primates in their natural habitat.The success of our approach is demonstrated by our ability to acquire a novel brain sample of deceased primates with highly variable socio-ecological exposure and a particular focus on wild chimpanzees. Methods in acquiring brain tissue from wild settings are comprehensively explained, highlighting the feasibility of conducting brain extraction procedures under strict biosafety measures by trained veterinarians in field sites.Brains are assessed at a fine-structural level via high-resolution MRI and state-of-the-art histology. Analyses confirm that excellent tissue quality of primate brains sourced in the field can be achieved with a comparable tissue quality of brains acquired from zoo-living primates.Our field methods are noninvasive, here defined as not harming living animals, and may be applied to other mammal systems than primates. In sum, the field protocol and methodological pipeline validated here pose a major advance for assessing the influence of socio-ecology on medium to large mammal brains, at both macro- and microstructural levels as well as aiding with the functional annotation of brain regions and neuronal pathways via specific behaviour assessments

Published
2023

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