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Copyright of Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology is the property of Editorial of the University of Almeria (Spain) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Student–teacher gender congruence is suggested to be related to increased student performance, but little is known about the contexts in which these effects occur. Based on literature on gender stereotypes this study hypothesizes different effects of student–teacher gender congruence for male and female students across school subjects and in different educational contexts. Using administrative data of secondary schools in The Netherlands (N > 50,000), this study examined to what extent student–teacher gender congruence is associated with male and female students' performance in the subjects math, physics, Dutch language, and French language. Further this study explored the role of students' educational level, schools' religiousness, and schools' location in these relations. As expected, we found that gender congruence was positively related to female students' performance in math and physics and to male students' performance in Dutch language and French language. However, the role of educational context differed for male and female students across subjects and lacked a clear pattern that corresponded to the gender stereotypes hypotheses. This study emphasizes that effects of student–teacher gender congruence can differ in magnitude and direction in different contexts, encouraging future research to use qualitative methods to examine how context influences the role of gender in education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to explore the economic impact of innovative entrepreneurship education and proposes a dynamic modelling method to quantify this impact. The paper establishes a theoretical analysis framework, starting from the effects of innovative entrepreneurship education on the regional economy, and establishes a corresponding dynamic economic model. This model comprises processes such as variable definition, relationship establishment, parameter setting and architecture construction. Different levels of education and forms of innovative entrepreneurship education were experimentally analysed from multiple perspectives. In the comparative experiment between innovative entrepreneurship education and traditional education, the entrepreneurial intention score of the innovative entrepreneurship education group was scattered in the range of 90–100, higher than the 60–80 score of the traditional education group. In the experimental survey on investment return rates of different forms of innovative entrepreneurship education, it was found that the investment return rate of education was the lowest, only 6.82%, and the return rate of entrepreneurship competition was the highest, reaching 9.19%. The experimental results have proven a positive correlation between innovative entrepreneurship education and economic growth. It is suggested that the government and enterprises should increase their investment in innovative entrepreneurship education to promote sustainable economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the impact of interstate migration on Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participation is crucial due to the potential influence of such migration on the effectiveness of social welfare programs. This study shows that interstate migration decreases the probability of SNAP participation, finding a reduction in SNAP benefits of $462.7 among interstate migrants relative to non-migrants in the subsequent year. These findings suggest that simplifying the recertification process for interstate migrants could serve as an effective policy intervention to address these challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores Greece's unique position as the country with the lowest nonmarital childbearing rate in Europe. The socio‐demographic profile of mothers is being analysed in three categories of marital status: married, unmarried, and in civil partnership. Unpublished data, custom‐made exclusively for this study from the Hellenic Statistical Authority (ELSTAT), have been used, spanning from 2019 to 2021. Key focus areas include maternal age at childbirth, educational attainment, and nationality (Greek, EU27 except for Greek, and non‐EU). Geographical analysis is conducted at the Regional Unit level (Nomenclature of territorial units for statistics [NUTS] 3 classification). Findings reveal that Greek teenage and early twenties mothers, as well as those with low educational level, are more likely to be unwed, implying that maternity might have come because of an unplanned pregnancy. On the other hand, those in civil partnerships resemble married mothers in age and educational attainment. Non‐Greek nationals show a higher prevalence of nonmarital births, and a sociodemographic profile that implies that unwed maternity constitutes a conscious choice for them. This study not only illuminates the characteristics of unwed mothers in Greece but also provides empirical insights for evaluating prevailing theoretical frameworks regarding family dynamics in countries facing low fertility rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study was to assess the impact of parents’ educational trajectories on reproductive behavior using the example of the Republic of Tatarstan for 2013-2022. The hypothesis of the study: the increase in the educational level of parents in 2013-2022 led to delayed parenthood, an increase in the average age of parents at the birth of first-born children, a decrease in boarding periods due to the effect of catching up growth; the proportion of children born to parents with high professional qualifications increases. The main methods were a cross-sectional analysis of data from sociological studies on the generative behavior of men and women in the Republic of Tatarstan, a statistical analysis of time series of indicators of age and education of parents. As a result of the analysis of sociological research data, differences in the number of available and desired children in the family were revealed, depending on the level of education of the parents and the territory of their residence. For 2013-2022 The share of births to mothers with higher and incomplete higher education on average in the Russian Federation increased from a third of all births to half, and in the Republic of Tatarstan – from 50% to 60%. Parents receiving higher education leads to a shift in the birth calendar: an increase in the protonatal period, while the hypothesis of a reduction in the periods between the births of the first and second children, depending on the level of education of the parents, has not been confirmed. The period between the first and second births ranges from 2 to 6 years, for women with higher education and an academic degree, it is slightly longer. The novelty of the work lies in assessing the impact of parental education on the desired number of children, determining the average age of the father at the birth of the first child and the boarding periods, their assessment in the context of the city-village based on the results of sociological studies on the generative behavior of men and women in the Republic of Tatarstan.

Objective To explore the post-traumatic growth level and related influencing factors of liver cancer patients after surgery. Methods A total of 80 liver cancer patients who underwent surgical treatment in the hospital from September 2019 to August 2023 were selected. The questionnaire survey was conducted by the posttraumatic growth assessment scale (PTGI), general information questionnaire, simplified coping style questionnaire (SCSQ), and perceived social support scale(PSSS). The post-traumatic growth level and related influencing factors of liver cancer patients after surgery were analyzed. Results The total postoperative PTGI score of 80 liver cancer patients was(61.58±10. 32) points. There was statistically significant difference in PTGI scores among patients from different families based on their per capita monthly income, marital status, educational level, social support, and coping styles(P<0.05). Low per capita monthly income, divorce or widowhood, low education level, low social support level, and negative coping were high-risk factors for posttraumatic growth of liver cancer patients after surgery (P<0.05). Conclusion The post-traumatic growth level of liver cancer patients after surgery is at a moderate level. Low per capita monthly income, divorce or widowhood, low education level, low social support level, and negative coping are high-risk factors that affect the posttraumatic growth level of liver cancer patients after surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Breast cancer (BC) characteristics are known to influence patients survival. Social differences have been reported by previous studies for those characteristics but questions persist because of inconsistent conclusions. We aimed to investigate the impact of education on BC stage, grade, and hormone receptor (HR) status, while adjusting for potential confounders including a broad set of health behaviors, anthropometric measures, and reproductive factors. Methods: In the French E3N cohort, 5236 women developed a primary invasive BC for which there was available information on stage, grade, and HR status. No multivariate analyses was performed for BC stage based on the lack of association in bivariate analyses. Odds ratios and confidence intervals were estimated using multinomial logistic regression models for BC grade or binomial logistic regression models for HR status of BC. Results: Women with a lower education were diagnosed with higher grade BC compared to women with a higher education (1.32 [1.12; 1.57]). This association was slightly attenuated after adjustment for covariates independently and more strongly affected in the fully adjusted model (1.20 [0.99; 1.45]). A significant association was observed between lower education and HR- status of BC (1.20 [1.02; 1.42]) attenuated after adjustment for age at first childbirth (1.12 [0.95; 1.33]). Conclusion: In this cohort, education was associated with BC grade and HR status but not stage at diagnosis. The link between education and BC grade was not entirely explained by the different adjustments. A specific mechanism could be at play and deserves further investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Older people often report functional limitations and low digital skills, with the latter hampering the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and having potentially negative consequences on their social isolation and loneliness. Against this background, we present some findings from the "Inclusive ageing in place" (IN-AGE) study, carried out in 2019 in Italy. This study explored seniors' abilities and difficulties with the independent use of mobile phones, smartphones, and tablets/personal computers (PCs). Qualitative/semi-structured interviews involved 120 seniors aged 65 years and over, living alone in three Italian regions (Lombardy, Marche, and Calabria). Purposive sampling was conducted, and quantitative/qualitative analyses were performed. The main results showed that smartphones and PCs/tablets were used by older respondents living mainly in the north and in urban sites to talk with family members and less for other functionalities (e.g., internet). Those more educated and without serious functional limitations were more capable of utilising ICTs. Seniors using ICTs reported mainly low/moderate loneliness and less social isolation. Therefore, technological tools have the potential to mitigate both, even though some barriers (e.g., poor health, low education) can hinder this opportunity. These results can offer insights for policymakers to design adequate policies (e.g., e-training programs) for seniors, to facilitate their inclusion in digital society, thus enabling social sustainability in an ageing population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sleep quality is essential for physical and mental health, influenced by factors such as gender, age, and environment. Lack of sleep can cause chronic diseases and reduce quality of life, highlighting the importance of analyzing its determinants. The study seeks to explore the relationship between sleep quality and sociodemographic factors using the K-Modes algorithm, highlighting patterns in the adult population. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 102 participants. Variables such as sleep quality, latency, duration, gender, age, place of origin and educational level were analyzed. The K-Modes algorithm was used to group categorical data into clusters. The analysis revealed three main clusters with distinctive characteristics in terms of sleep quality and sociodemographic factors. Younger women reported better sleep conditions, while older people, especially from rural areas and with lower educational level, tended to have worse sleep quality. The findings highlight the influence of gender, age, place of origin and educational level on sleep quality. Women, young people and people with higher educational levels tended to report better sleep quality. Older adults and those living in rural areas are more likely to report poor sleep quality. Sleep quality is influenced by sociodemographic factors such as gender, age, and place of residence. The use of tools such as the KModes algorithm allows the identification of patterns to develop personalized interventions to improve sleep quality in vulnerable populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The globally increasing older population raises concerns about age-related conditions, including cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms. In Latin America, nearly one-third of the population is affected by either of these conditions. However, data investigating the association between cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms, particularly in Brazil, are limited to small-scale studies that have not carefully examined the critical effects of variables such as education level and socioeconomic status on this relationship. We aimed at exploring this association in a representative population-based cohort. Methods: We used the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-BRAZIL) database to examine the relationship between depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment in Brazilian older adults, adjusted for potential confounders. Direct acyclic graphs and multivariable linear regression were used to build our model. Depressive symptoms were measured using a short version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Scale (CES D-8), and combined memory recall test as a surrogate of cognitive impairment. Results: The study included 8280 participants. Only education level was identified as a confounder for the relationship between memory loss and depressive symptoms. After adjusting for age, sex, and education level, there was strong evidence for a negative association between depressive symptoms and memory performance. For every 5-unit increase in the CES D-8 score, there was a reduction in memory capacity, translating to a loss of approximately one word in the combined words recall test (mean − 0.18, 95% CI -0.22; −0.15, P

PurposeThis study aimed to determine the impact of job fitness on depression and depressive symptoms in Korean middle-aged and older population.MethodsWe collected data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA), and performed a longitudinal analysis on 3,185 individuals with jobs at baseline. The dependent variable, depressive symptoms was measured by CES-D10 score, and the main variable of interest, job fitness was classified into nine groups according to job satisfaction and education level. To determine whether the estimate of depressive symptoms over the past week and depression changed over time, we applied the Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) model.ResultsIn the fully adjusted model, the impact of job fitness on depression and depressive symptoms was statistically significant. Compared to those with a suitable job level and a medium educational level, those with a large gap between job and educational levels were more likely to develop depression and depressive symptoms. It was also found that satisfaction with job content was a crucial factor affecting depression in the middle-aged and older adults.ConclusionOur findings demonstrated that job fitness significantly influenced depression, even after accounting for the effect of job satisfaction caused by a mismatch in job-education fitness. Since work demands and responsibility are difficult to quantify or qualify, job-education fitness could serve as a valuable tool to predict the extent of depression deterioration in individuals.

Since the beginning, COVID-19 caused deaths and social and economic devastation worldwide. Effective prophylactic strategies such as personal protection measures, social distancing, and vaccination were key players in limiting disease transmission. The present study aimed to investigate the perception and knowledge of the Pakistani public regarding various aspects of COVID-19 after more than 3 years of the pandemic initiation. The study also aimed to investigate the association between educational level and knowledge about COVID-19. An online cross-sectional survey was conducted using a convenience sample of 1,043 individuals from different cities in Pakistan. The survey consisted of various sets of questions covering the aspects of the study objectives. Most of the participants reported a solid understanding of COVID-19; however, there were some misconceptions and knowledge gaps concerning certain pandemic elements. The study also highlighted a link between educational level and awareness of COVID-19, with a higher education level related to a better understanding of the pandemic and effective preventive strategies. This study provides valuable insight into the perception and education level of the Pakistani public regarding COVID-19. The findings highlight the need of continued public health efforts to promote and ensure access to effective prevention measures, particularly in vulnerable populations who may face barriers to obtaining protective equipment.

Abstract Background Nutrition exerts a fundamental role in the prevention of obesity (OB). The aim of this study was to assess the extent to which well recognized risk factors for early OB can be associated to overweight (OW) or OB under a standardized nutritional approach and surveillance in toddlers. Methods The eligible population was represented by 676 toddlers aged 24–36 months, assigned to 18 primary care pediatricians trained on nutritional issues who shared a standardized nutritional approach. Six-hundred-twenty-nine children (333 boys), mean age 27.8 ± 4.2 months were effectively included in this observational study. Parents received nutritional advice with particular emphasis to proteins and sugar composition supported by leaflets and reinforced at each visit. Body mass index was assessed at the age of 24–36 months. The following individual and family risk factors were considered: gestational age, birth weight, eutocic/caesarean delivery, milk feeding history, household smoking or antibiotics exposure, parents’ weight, height and educational level. Prevalence of OW/OB was compared to a group of 742 toddlers (373 boys) under usual care. Results Under a standardized nutritional counselling, 28.1% toddlers were classified as OW/OB compared to 36.9% toddlers under usual care (p = 0.005). In unadjusted models, parental OW/OB was significantly associated to OW/OB in toddlers (p

Abstract Background Patients undergoing dialysis have an impaired health-related quality of life (HRQOL). There are conflicting data from small series on whether patient-related factors such as educational level have an impact on experienced HRQOL. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between educational level and HRQOL in dialysis patients. Methods In a single-center retrospective cross-sectional study HRQOL was measured using the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form-36 (KDQOL-SF36) in prevalent chronic dialysis patients. Educational level was categorized into low, intermediate and high subgroups. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to assess the effects of age, gender, ethnicity, and dialysis vintage on the association between HRQOL and educational level. Results One hundred twenty-nine chronic dialysis patients were included. Patients with an intermediate educational level had significantly higher odds of a higher emotional well-being than patients with a low educational level 4.37 (1.-89–10.13). A similar trend was found for a high educational level (OR 4.13 (1.04–16.42), p = 0.044) The odds for women compared to men were 2.83 (1.32–6.06) for better general health and 2.59 (1.15–5,84) for emotional well-being. There was no interaction between gender and educational level for both subdomains. Each year of increasing age significantly decreased physical functioning (OR 0.94 (0.91–0.97)). Conclusions Educational level and sex were associated with emotional well-being, since patients with intermediate and high educational level and females had better emotional well-being in comparison to patients with low educational level and males. Physical functioning decreased with increasing age.

Purpose: The aim was to assess how two contextual variables, number of students per class and in-class global cooperation, affect students' academic performance in physical education. Method: Multilevel analysis was performed given the data's hierarchical nature (L1 = 1,185 participants and L2 = 64 classrooms), including regression analysis to assess how the contextual variables at the classroom level affected students' grades. Results: Results showed that the differences observed between classrooms in students' academic performance can be attributed largely to the perceived in-class global cooperation and not to the number of students per class. Group processing, promotive interaction, and individual accountability were the strongest predictors because these cooperative learning essential elements showed significant differences between classrooms. Discussion/Conclusion: Academic performance in physical education is not only determined by personal factors but also by contextual factors like perceived in-class cooperation. Group processing, promotive interaction, and individual accountability can be considered the most relevant critical features. Cooperative learning contexts are not easy to build, and depending on how successfully they are constructed, the outcomes can be very different. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nutrition exerts a fundamental role in the prevention of obesity (OB). The aim of this study was to assess the extent to which well recognized risk factors for early OB can be associated to overweight (OW) or OB under a standardized nutritional approach and surveillance in toddlers. Methods: The eligible population was represented by 676 toddlers aged 24–36 months, assigned to 18 primary care pediatricians trained on nutritional issues who shared a standardized nutritional approach. Six-hundred-twenty-nine children (333 boys), mean age 27.8 ± 4.2 months were effectively included in this observational study. Parents received nutritional advice with particular emphasis to proteins and sugar composition supported by leaflets and reinforced at each visit. Body mass index was assessed at the age of 24–36 months. The following individual and family risk factors were considered: gestational age, birth weight, eutocic/caesarean delivery, milk feeding history, household smoking or antibiotics exposure, parents' weight, height and educational level. Prevalence of OW/OB was compared to a group of 742 toddlers (373 boys) under usual care. Results: Under a standardized nutritional counselling, 28.1% toddlers were classified as OW/OB compared to 36.9% toddlers under usual care (p = 0.005). In unadjusted models, parental OW/OB was significantly associated to OW/OB in toddlers (p < 0.01), while high birth weight did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.07). In adjusted models, including all the explanatory variables studied, only paternal OW/OB vs. normal weight was significantly associated to OW/OB in toddlers (OR 2.035, 95% confidence interval 1.206–3.436). No protective effect of exclusive breast feeding during the first 6 months of age was demonstrated. Conclusions: Toddlers under a standardized nutrition counselling focused to limit protein and simple sugars, showed lower prevalence of OW/OB compared to usual care. Healthy promotion activities should take into account the influence of paternal BMI on the offspring adiposity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the effects of the accumulating human capital proxied with the educational level on the decision to work as self-employed in Cameroon. The methodological approach mobilizes discrete-choice models on data drawn from the second Employment and Informal Sector Survey carried out by the National Institute of Statistics. By releasing the hypothesis of the uniqueness of the labor market and assuming that decisions to work as wage earned and as self-employed are occupational choices, empirical findings reveal that the willingness to become self-employed declines with the increase of the accumulating human capital. This main result suggests that becoming self-employed in Cameroon is not a return to human capital accumulation but a default option which is probably derived from the poor wage employment opportunities and the prevalence of the informal sector. By also suggesting that opportunity motivation is less common among individuals with a higher level of education, another explanation for this result may be the lack of formal entrepreneurial culture as well as educational and training programs targeting entrepreneurial skills development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sarcopenia and frailty and examine factors associated with frailty among older patients with and without sarcopenia. Methods: This cross‐sectional study was conducted on older inpatients and outpatients in Vietnam. Participants aged 60 years or older were consecutively enrolled in the study. Sarcopenia was defined using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 criteria. Fried's frailty phenotype was applied to define frailty. Logistic regression models with frailty as the dependent variable were applied. Results: A total of 835 patients (mean age: 71.3 years, SD 8.4) were recruited. The overall prevalence of frailty was 17%. Among participants with and without frailty, 92% and 47% had sarcopenia, respectively. In unadjusted analysis, sarcopenia was significantly associated with increased frailty (OR 12.3, 95% CI 6.7–22.6) and remained significant after adjustment for sociodemographic factors (OR 6.3, 95% CI: 3.0–12.6) and for both sociodemographic and clinical factors (OR 5.4, 95% CI: 2.4–12.2). Among participants with sarcopenia, older age, inpatient status, having a high risk for falls, malnutrition and a history of hospitalisation in the last year were significantly associated with frailty. Among participants without sarcopenia, the factors associated with frailty were older age, inpatient status, low educational level, high risk of falls and malnutrition. Conclusions: Our study results highlighted that sarcopenia and frailty are two related but distinct geriatric syndromes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patients undergoing dialysis have an impaired health-related quality of life (HRQOL). There are conflicting data from small series on whether patient-related factors such as educational level have an impact on experienced HRQOL. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between educational level and HRQOL in dialysis patients. Methods: In a single-center retrospective cross-sectional study HRQOL was measured using the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form-36 (KDQOL-SF36) in prevalent chronic dialysis patients. Educational level was categorized into low, intermediate and high subgroups. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to assess the effects of age, gender, ethnicity, and dialysis vintage on the association between HRQOL and educational level. Results: One hundred twenty-nine chronic dialysis patients were included. Patients with an intermediate educational level had significantly higher odds of a higher emotional well-being than patients with a low educational level 4.37 (1.-89–10.13). A similar trend was found for a high educational level (OR 4.13 (1.04–16.42), p = 0.044) The odds for women compared to men were 2.83 (1.32–6.06) for better general health and 2.59 (1.15–5,84) for emotional well-being. There was no interaction between gender and educational level for both subdomains. Each year of increasing age significantly decreased physical functioning (OR 0.94 (0.91–0.97)). Conclusions: Educational level and sex were associated with emotional well-being, since patients with intermediate and high educational level and females had better emotional well-being in comparison to patients with low educational level and males. Physical functioning decreased with increasing age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Which and how many covariates are relevant to educational hypergamy in the matching market? We address these questions using a Lasso quantile regression framework applied on a unique survey containing information with respect to education or other characteristics associated with economic well-being. Our findings provide evidence for the end of hypergamy as we show that females tend to reduce the educational gap in their preferences for selecting a partner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: The influence of social determinants of health (SDOH) on the prognosis of Heart Failure and reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF) is increasingly reported. We aim to evaluate the contribution of educational status on outcomes in patients with HFrEF. Methods: We used data from the WARCEF trial, which randomized HFrEF patients with sinus rhythm to receive Warfarin or Aspirin; educational status of patients enrolled was collected at baseline. We defined three levels of education: low, medium and high level, according to the highest qualification achieved or highest school grade attended. We analysed the impact of the educational status on the risk of the primary composite outcome of all‐cause death, ischemic stroke (IS) and intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH); components of the primary outcome were also analysed as secondary outcomes. Results: 2295 patients were included in this analysis; of these, 992 (43.2%) had a low educational level, 947 (41.3%) had a medium education level and the remaining 356 (15.5%) showed a high educational level. Compared to patients with high educational level, those with low educational status showed a high risk of the primary composite outcome (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.31, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.02–1.69); a non‐statistically significant association was observed in those with medium educational level (aHR: 1.20, 95%CI:.93–1.55). Similar results were observed for all‐cause death, while no statistically significant differences were observed for IS or ICH. Conclusion: Compared to patients with high educational levels, those with low educational status had worse prognosis. SDOH should be considered in patients with HFrEF. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT00041938. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Financial literacy is the knowledge about financial product and services. It is also defined as financial management skills that one should have in order to reach financial welfare, especially for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of income, educational level, gender, age, and length of business on the financial literacy level of MSMEs in Tangerang City. This study used quantitative methods and used Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling as the sampling technique with 100 MSMEs as a sample. It was conducted in 11 subdistricts in Tangerang City - Tangerang, Batuceper, Larangan, Karawaci, Cibodas, Cipondoh, Pinang, Ciledug, Karang Tengah, Neglasari, and Periuk. The study used Multiple Linear Regression as an analysis technique. Based on the analysis carried out using the SPSS application, the results showed that: (i) the financial literacy index of MSMEs in Tangerang City was an average of 76.15%; (ii) income has a positive and significant influence on financial literacy level on MSMEs in Tangerang City; (iii) education level has a positive and significant influence on the financial literacy level; (iv) gender has no significant influence on the financial literacy level; (v) age has a positive and significant influence on the financial literacy level; and (vi) the length of business has a positive and significant influence on financial literacy level. The implication of this study are: MSMEs can increase their financial literacy level by making monthly financial records using digital technology and increase their ability to adapt with financial technology. Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprise Office can conduct more financial literacy workshop and increase MSMEs' access to technology and financial product and services in order to increase financial literacy level of MSMEs in Tangerang city so that MSMEs can reach financial welfare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Investigación en Salud VIVE is the property of Revista de Investigacion en Salud VIVE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista CES Psicologia is the property of Universidad CES and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Parental socio-economic status (SES) has been shown to be associated with the development of phonological awareness in pre-school age. However, less is known about the relationship between the various dimensions of SES and the development of phonological and morphological awareness skills. The purpose of the present cross-sectional study was to examine separately the role of both mothers’ and fathers’ educational and occupational level in the development of phonological and morphological awareness skills. Two hundred and twenty-nine Greek kindergarten students were tested on measures of phonological awareness (initial phoneme recognition, syllable deletion, and phoneme deletion) and morphological awareness (manipulation of inflected forms, manipulation of derived forms, and word analogy) in the second quarter of the school year. Two scores were calculated for phonological and morphological awareness respectively (epilinguistic vs. metalinguistic level of awareness). Children were also tested on measures of verbal and non-verbal intelligence, short-term memory, and vocabulary. In addition, the children’s parents were asked to fill in a questionnaire about their education and occupation. Both mothers’ and fathers’ education was divided into three categories, while their occupations were grouped into four categories respectively. The results showed that the children’s performance in all measures of phonological and morphological awareness differed according to the educational and occupational level of each parent. The differences were mainly found between the extreme educational and occupational categories, but there were also some differences among other categories. Generally, children with mothers/fathers from the highest educational category performed better on all measures of phonological and morphological awareness than children with mothers/fathers from the lowest educational category respectively. Similarly, children with mothers/fathers from the highest occupational category performed better on the same measures than children with mothers/fathers from the lowest occupational category respectively. Furthermore, results from hierarchical regression analyses showed that both mothers’ educational and occupational level accounted for a small, but still significant, amount of variance in the measures of morphological and phonological awareness at the epilinguistic level after controlling for age, verbal intelligence, nonverbal intelligence, short-term memory, and vocabulary. On the other hand, both fathers’ educational and occupation level accounted for a small, but still significant, amount of variance in the measure of morphological awareness at the epilinguistic level when age, verbal intelligence, nonverbal intelligence, short-term memory, and vocabulary were controlled for. Taken together, these findings speak to the importance of parental socioeconomic factors, such as educational level and occupational status, in the development of children’s phonological and morphological awareness skills in kindergarten, particularly at the epilinguistic level of awareness. Furthermore, they provide supportive evidence for those suggesting that it is appropriate to examine separately the effects of maternal and paternal SES on the development of emergent literacy skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the correlation between technology utilization and language acquisition while analyzing the impact of moderating variables on this relation. Our meta-analysis approach analyzes data from 43 extracts out of 19 primary studies published between 2012 and 2021. Our data analysis employs a random-effect model utilizing a significance level of a = 0.05. Additionally, the authors examine four moderating variables: level of education, location of research, proficiency in language, and year of publication. Technology-based language acquisition outperforms traditional methods, indicating a significant and moderate impact on the learning process. This study enhances comprehension of the efficacy of technology in language acquisition by identifying various factors, such as the geographical location of research, methods of assessing language proficiency, and technology type employed. However, there is insufficient evidence to support the notion that educational level or sample size significantly impact technology-based language acquisition. This meta-analysis highlights the importance of considering nuanced factors when integrating technology into language learning. The findings emphasize the possibility of technology to transform methods of acquiring language and urge additional investigation into customized strategies that optimize its advantages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Psychology, Society & Education is the property of Psychology, Society & Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Education-job mismatch is an indicator that describes the quality of an individual's occupational achievements, with sociofamilial background being one of the most influential factors in attaining these achievements. In this study, we aim to identify the extent to which the educational level attained by parents influences the education-job mismatch of university graduates. The analysis, deploying binary logistic regression models, is based on the Spanish Survey on the Labor Insertion of University Graduates 2019, with more than 30,000 cases. Main results are that parents' educational level largely determines the education-job mismatch of university graduates, acting through the intergenerational transmission of opportunities. In this sense, variables such as the field of study or those related to educational investment while at university are highly influential. When we analyze the persistence of mismatch, the influence of these variables is more decisive, so it is considered that there is an indirect influence of social background on occupational attainment through the variables linked to it. Recommendations are made for educational administrations that should favor equal opportunity measures and enhance the effectiveness of educational guidance services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The Entrepreneurial University constitutes a phenomenon that highlights the prominent roles played by academic organizations as aggregators of capabilities, enabling the establishing of bridges between innovation and Entrepreneurial Ecosystems. This research therefore sets out to analyze the relationship between the Total Early Stage Entrepreneurial Activities of individual graduates and their entrepreneurial attitudes and social values towards entrepreneurship. This applies data sourced from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor report on innovation-driven countries. The main research findings stem from the regression models (Study 1) and fsQCA analysis (Study 2) returning evidence that the likelihood of adult graduates setting up firms or owning young companies rises whenever such individuals deem they hold the knowledge/skills required to start a business. The results also stress the importance of devoting high levels of media attention to entrepreneurship and fostering entrepreneurial cultures capable of fostering economic growth and prosperity. This research makes substantial theoretical contributions to the literature. Firstly, the findings reinforce the applicability and suitability of fsQCA analysis of Global Entrepreneurship Monitor data. Secondly, this study strengthens the credibility of the Institutional Theory and Theory of Planned Behavior theoretical frameworks, correspondingly lending support to the importance of institutional or organizational factors as determinants of entrepreneurship and the need to focus on the linkage between entrepreneurial attitudes, entrepreneurial intentions, and entrepreneurial behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Educational level is a fundamental variable that has been widely studied in the social sciences. Numerous studies have shown its relevance in explaining different attitudes and behaviors related to both personal and social well-being. However, except for a few exceptions, less attention has been paid to how this variable is measured and operationalized. In this article, we illustrate the effects that the operationalization of education can have on a series of variables relevant to satisfaction with society: attitudes towards immigration (Study 1), technocratic attitudes (Study 2), trust in the police (Studies 3a and 3b), and attitudes toward poverty reduction (Study 4). To do this, we use data from the EVS/WVS 2017-2022, European Social Survey Round 10, and a representative national sample from Spain. In this latter study, we include a novel variable in studies related to education: the subjective perception of educational level compared to the rest of society. Finally, we discuss our results and offer some suggestions and recommendations for those interested in studying the effects of educational level or using it as a control variable in their analyses.

The study aims to determine the effectiveness of individualised teaching methods for developing future primary school teachers' professional flexibility. The authors have developed individualised learning mechanisms that provide for the development of language competence, as well as mathematical, interdisciplinary and innovative competence. It has been determined that the most significant impact on the development of professional flexibility, in the opinion of teachers and students, was made by language and interdisciplinary competence, which contributed to the clarity of their thoughts. The study results showed the achievement of a high level of information assimilation by future teachers after training (0.74). It was found that individualised learning mechanisms contributed to the formation of developmental individualisation (23%) and creative thinking (22%) in the first place. The work's practical significance is finding effective mechanisms for forming professional flexibility for future primary school teachers.

This study explores the media practices of Peruvian internet users based on their self- perceived educational level. The purpose is to provide an original theoretical perspective on the formation of media assemblages, shaped by the uses and interactions of specific social groups with media outlets. Utilizing a custom questionnaire, grounded in an updated version of the Uses and Gratifications Theory, administered to a sample (n=465) of users from various age groups and socioeconomic backgrounds, we examine the similarities and differences in these media assemblages and their impact on users' agency as critical media consumers. The results reveal that the national context, characterized by technological disparities and the COVID-19 pandemic, has influenced consumption practices. The smartphone stands out as the most widely used device, valued for its immediacy and diverse content. Both less educated and highly educated groups resort to it for information, education, and entertainment. Television also plays a significant role, serving as entertainment for older generations and a source of information for higher socioeconomic levels. The choice of streaming services among different income groups reflects the influence of connectivity and bandwidth. Information consumption is driven by curiosity, while entertainment is used for learning and following trends. Furthermore, there is little planning involved in entertainment and information consumption, although educational content is more planned among the highly educated group. This difference may be linked to access opportunities for educational materials, suggesting avenues for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study investigated the impact of employees' educational level on the relationship between empowerment and service quality while exploring the role of perceived supervisor support. Empirical data were collected from 214 employees and 250 customers from the same companies, with structural equation modelling and Hayes' (2018) moderation technique being employed to analyze the collected data. Resultantly, empowerment significantly impacted service quality based on employees' educational level while reducing the perception of service quality among employees with high school diplomas or lower educational levels. Contrarily, empowerment increased service quality performance for employees with bachelor's degrees or higher levels. Managers should consider employees' educational backgrounds during empowerment to improve service quality. Perceived supervisor support also significantly mediated the association between empowerment and service quality, regardless of employees' educational level. The findings contributed to the knowledge of the complex dynamics between empowerment, educational level, supervisor support, and service quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spin-out R&D units play an important role in supporting the innovation strategies of firms. This study aims to address the question of whether and how the educational level of researchers in spin-out R&D units affects firms' external technology acquisition. Building on the literature on absorptive capability, we argue that a high educational level of researchers in spin-out R&D units helps identify, absorb, and apply external technologies, thereby promoting firms to acquire technologies externally. Furthermore, the positive effect is amplified when firms face high task intensity or intense market competition. By contrast, the effect is weakened when the technology transaction norms are strong. Using a unique dataset of manufacturing firms in a province in eastern China, we validate our theoretical framework empirically and offer several managerial and policy implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Financial technology or Fintech enables the digitization of financial services to gain competitive advantage and assist users in managing financial activities more effectively. However, the development of Fintech has increased cybercrime activity and raised issues of trust and security among consumers. This study aims to identify the factors that influence consumers' acceptance of online banking services in Malaysia. This study integrates the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model with trust, and perceived security variables. The level of education is also used as a moderator between intention and the independent variables. Convenience and quota sampling was used and collected 417 responses through a survey. Based on PLS-SEM analysis, the findings of the study show that performance expectations, social influence, and trust have a positive effect on online banking acceptance intentions. Meanwhile, the effects of effort expectancy, system quality, and perceived security are not significant. The level of education as a moderator was also found to influence the relationship between intention and two independent variables (social influence and system quality). This research can help stakeholders to understand consumer behaviour before developing any policies and strategies that can attract consumers to use online banking services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background: Treatment for cervical cancer includes surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Quite a lot of cancer sufferers who go to hospitals receive radiation therapy. The diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer is always accompanied by psychological challenges, namely anxiety, which causes sleep pattern disturbances in the patient. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between age, education level, anxiety level, and sleep patterns in cervical cancer patients undergoing external radiotherapy treatment. Method: The research method used a cross sectional approach design by collecting data on independent variables and dependent variables. The sampling technique in this research used Total Sampling. The sample consisted of 20 cervical cancer respondents who underwent external radiation, then the data collected was processed using the Spearmen Rho test. Results: Based on the research results, it was found that only anxiety level was related to sleep pattern (r = .519, p < .05). Meanwhile, age and education level have no relationship with sleep patterns. Conclusion: The anxiety level of cervical cancer patients in facing external radiotherapy treatment can affect their sleep patterns, so understanding is needed by a health worker to reduce the patient's anxiety.

Abstract Introduction Oral diseases are common and affect millions of people worldwide. They can range from mild and easily treatable conditions to more severe and serious diseases. Proper oral hygiene and regular dental monitoring are essential for maintaining good oral health. When it comes to children’s health and well-being, parents’ education level plays a critical role. Research has shown that parents’ higher educational attainment is associated with better health outcomes for their children. Our aim is to evaluate whether parents’ education level and employment influence children oral health and its impact on the family. Methods We enrolled consecutively healthy subjects aged between 0–16 and their parents at the Dental Clinic of the University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”. The Italian version of the ECOHIS (I-ECOHIS) was administered to parents of the enrolled subjects referred to the Dental Clinic of the University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”. Linear regression models, adjusted for age and sex, were used to explore the association between parents’ employment or education level and the ECOHIS scores. Statistical significance was accepted when p value