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This study aims to examine differentiated learning from the perspective of constructivist educational philosophy, namely the application of differentiated learning and the relationship between constructivism and differentiated learning. This research used a qualitative approach, with a systematic literature review method using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis). This research used the Publish or Perish application to search for various relevant scientific articles taken from international journals, Scopus, with a range of 2014-2024. The data analysis technique for this research used thematic analysis. The result showed that the nature of learning differs from the perspective of constructivist educational philosophy regarding basically every student's knowledge. Constructivism includes a learning process where students must build their knowledge through knowledge and experience that has existed in students before. In learning, teachers help students reconstruct information by presenting meaningful learning. Meaningful in this sense, teachers must be able to organize learning by considering each student's uniqueness because each student is a different individual. The findings in this study showed that the application of differentiated learning based on the educational philosophy of constructivism can be a reference for teachers to direct students in constructing their knowledge independently by paying attention to all aspects of each student's learning. The implication of this study is to provide knowledge to teachers and prospective teachers, namely that the educational philosophy of constructivism can guide learning theory in the application of differentiated learning. Later, it can help improve the quality of learning, which will also increase human resources in Indonesia and help achieve national development goals.

Agreement with living conditions also implies compliance with the increasingly dramatic changes to which the civilization, society, and the people are exposed. The imperative response of society and civilization to changes that are inevitable but evident, with even clearer and more predictable consequences, must be the best in order to be good enough. It should be said that progress improves the quality of life and life expectancy, but there is also the fact that cardiovascular diseases, which can be associated with modern living conditions, are the main cause of death in most of the population. Kinesiology education can have a long-term historical effect only if it is the best because it must be innovative and vital, and it has to question the alignment between scientific theory and practice with new scientific achievements every day. It should be viewed in the light of the lifelong impact that is initiated by the education system with its mandatory stages, as the optimal, well-prepared, and scientifically and professionally based response. All reforms should focus on the affirmation of that response, providing it with the necessary time, optimum staff training and the necessary material conditions. Investing in educational sciences in general and applied kinesiology disciplines in particular cannot be in vain. These professionals should inform themselves about the scientific achievements that constantly affirm the benefits of physicalexercise in general, and physical and health culture in particular.

This study aims to highlight and evaluate the issues at an in-depth level to provide different solutions that are expected to be a reflection for the government, especially the Ministry of Education and Culture, to be able to improve the implementation and monitoring of the Kampus Mengajar Program. A descriptive qualitative approach was used, and the data were collected from a focus group discussion with students of the English Education Study Program at Universitas Lancang Kuning, then the data was analyzed descriptively. The results highlight some problems in the implementation of the Kampus Merdeka Program. These included a lack of coordination and clear communication between stakeholders, which led to confusion among students and schools, uneven targeting of schools, inadequate support for the program, and credit conversion, resulting in frustration and challenges. Addressing these issues, the study recommended increased socialization of the program, transparency in credit equivalency, and more accurate school data collection. In conclusion, this research offers several solutions that are expected to reflect the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology (Kemendikbudristek) that the Kampus Mengajar Program faces various challenges in its implementation, which need to be addressed for the program to effectively meet its goal of improving education in the 3T areas.

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer advanced text generation capabilities, sometimes surpassing human abilities. However, their use without proper expertise poses significant challenges, particularly in educational contexts. This article explores different facets of natural language generation (NLG) within the educational realm, assessing its advantages and disadvantages, particularly concerning LLMs. It addresses concerns regarding the opacity of LLMs and the potential bias in their generated content, advocating for transparent solutions. Therefore, it examines the feasibility of integrating OpenLogos expert-crafted resources into language generation tools used for paraphrasing and translation. In the context of the Multi3Generation COST Action (CA18231), we have been emphasizing the significance of incorporating OpenLogos into language generation processes, and the need for clear guidelines and ethical standards in generative models involving multilingual, multimodal, and multitasking capabilities. The Multi3Generation initiative strives to progress NLG research for societal welfare, including its educational applications. It promotes inclusive models inspired by the Logos Model, prioritizing transparency, human control, preservation of language principles and meaning, and acknowledgment of the expertise of resource creators. We envision a scenario where OpenLogos can contribute significantly to inclusive AI-supported education. Ethical considerations and limitations related to AI implementation in education are explored, highlighting the importance of maintaining a balanced approach consistent with traditional educational principles. Ultimately, the article advocates for educators to adopt innovative tools and methodologies to foster dynamic learning environments that facilitate linguistic development and growth.

P4 medicine, with its focus on predictive, personalized, preventive, and participatory healthcare, has potential to transform traditional model of medicine. This article examines the principles and potential impact of P4 medicine, emphasizing role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in promoting and building a P4 medicine health system. The analysis explores two Erasmus+ projects, Train4inclusive and SNATCH, which involve NGOs and highlight their significant contributions to the implementation of P4 medicine. NGOs can contribute to P4 medicine through advocacy, awareness, research, innovation, policy development, collaboration and partnerships. By raising awareness about P4 medicine, advocating for its principles, and collaborating with stakeholders, NGOs can drive positive change in healthcare systems. The Train4inclusive project focuses on educating trainers working with people with disabilities to monitor their progress in organized sports activities. This project contributes to personalized monitoring, data collection, analysis, collaboration, and knowledge exchange within the context of P4 medicine. The SNATCH project educates swimming trainers and teachers about healthy lifestyle factors, aligning with the principles of P4 medicine, including a holistic approach, prevention, wellness, personalized education, behavioral changes, and collaboration. The implementation of P4 medicine requires active participation of all stakeholders, including NGOs, small businesses, healthcare providers, researchers, technology developers, and general population. Timely education and preparation are crucial for a successful transition to P4 medicine.

This study aims to review, investigate, and compare various research published in Scopus-indexed journals related to the theme of literacy for disabilities so that it will contribute to the development of literacy studies for disability groups. This study used the systematic literature review method with the PRISMA 2020 model. The search was conducted in the Scopus database, inclusion-exclusion, to obtain 41 articles. Data were collected from the Scopus database tend to increase in 2019-2023. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. The study results showed that this theme (literacy and disability) has broad dimensions and involves all parties. Various aspects of literacy can be promoted for people with disabilities, although there are adjustments. Ahlgrim-Delzell is the dominant researcher, the reference, and the pivot. The disability aspect was related to education, children, and young adults. Interestingly, the theme "literacy and disabilities" is the focus of researchers from all continents and is generally written in groups. Although this theme deserves global attention, it is not yet interesting for international cooperation. We discuss all aspects of the trend. Researcher interest continues to increase regarding "literacy and disabilities," which can be seen based on distribution year, research types/methods, instruments, study aspects, author, keywords, author's nationality, and collaboration.

Background: The quality of teaching and learning (TL) has been a concern in South Africa and has received attention from global players such as the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and the agenda of the Education for All (EFA) policy. In South Africa, quality teaching and learning (QTL) in secondary schools remains low and compromised despite the implementation of the EFA policy and the use of education development officers (EDOs). Aim: The study sought to investigate the effectiveness of EDOs in promoting QTL at selected schools in the King Williams Town (KWT) district. Setting: The units of analysis are selected schools in the KWT district in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa. Methods: The study employed an interpretivism paradigm with a case study design and a qualitative approach to investigate the role of Education Development Officers (EDOs) in supporting QTL in selected secondary schools in the King Williams Town (KWT) District, while the data was interpreted thematically from the ten participants. Results: Education development officers play a critical role in enabling School Management Teams in South Africa to achieve high-QTL. However, EDOs face a number of challenges such as a lack of human and material resources, teacher resistance, extracurricular activities, student and teacher absenteeism, programme alignment, and work overload. Conclusion: The major conclusion of the study indicates that the challenges faced by EDOs can be overcome by employing four main strategies: stakeholder engagement, leadership, monitoring and evaluation, and training. Contribution: This article has the potential to contribute to theory, concept, policy, and practice regarding the promotion of QTL in schools.

Objectives: In education, neuroscience is an interdisciplinary research field. It seeks to improve educational practice by applying brain research findings. Additional findings from the scientific fields of education, psychology, and neurophysiology aim to enhance the learning process and improve educational practices. The application of neuroscience to education involves neuroscientific and psychological knowledge. Methods/Analysis: In this systematic literature review, the final studies included in the analysis table are decided by searching databases according to predefined inclusion criteria. The PRISMA approach was utilized to study the relationship between neuroscience and the educational process and to optimize the educational process based on the relevant data. Findings: The review's findings emphasize the significance of integrating neuroscience into educational praxis and challenges and raise ethical concerns regarding its implementation in educational contexts. Novelty /Improvement: The discipline of educational neuroscience is associated with education, research, and the cognitive neuroscience of learning. Neuroscience can serve as the basis for education in a similar direction that biology serves as the basis for medicine, meaning that each field retains its innovation but cannot contravene the rules of the other. This study examines the relationship between neuroscience and educational praxis as well as how the educational community might bridge this gap to include prospective findings from neuroscientific research. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-SIED2-012 Full Text: PDF

Abstract Background The pandemic context prompts nursing students to be involved in online learning. Researchers indicated that critical thinking develops through the learning process, but the link between critical thinking and online learning in nursing does not have sufficient evidence. Aim of Study This research examines student perceptions about critical thinking, motivation, and learning strategies in online psychiatric nursing education among nursing students at Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University in Saudi Arabia and Alexandria University in Egypt. Subject and Methods An online survey was designed to collect data anonymously. A total of 75 Saudi undergraduates and 105 Egyptian nursing students who met the inclusion criteria participated. The online survey assessed three parts: socio-demographic data, critical thinking motivational, and cognitive processing strategy scales. Results The current study found that using a motivating method for online learning inspired students to engage in critical thinking and cognitive processing strategies in a psychiatric and mental health nursing course, even in two different contexts. Conclusion This study demonstrates that using motivational methods for online learning encourages students to engage in critical thinking and cognitive processing strategies in psychiatry and mental health care courses, even in two different settings.

We present a concept design of the CCU SKIF–NSU Experimental Station 1-7 "Basic methods of synchrotron diagnostics for educational, research, and innovative activities of students" for improving the efficiency of the educational process and helping the NSU students to solve research problems using the capabilities of a modern synchrotron radiation source. Several research methods are planned to be jointly implemented at the Experimental Station 1-7: powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and X-ray fluorescence analysis. This research complex will not only allow solving a wide range of scientific problems in various fields of science such as physics, biology, chemistry, geology, archeology and medicine, but will also become an essential element of the practical education of scientific and technical stuff for the synchrotron research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Few spiritual, philosophical, and theological concepts concerning the economy have emerged especially since the Middle Age. One of them centred on the Trinitarian God concept. The concept proposes mutuality, relationship, and unity based on love and grace as shared spiritual values. The question that arises is how to educate people in applying it. This study explores whether the Dakon game, a traditional game mainly used in Java, Indonesia can be used as a learning method to apply that theological concept and their spiritual values to economic concepts and practices. The study method is literature research. The finding shows that the Dakon game causes the players to acquire a tacit knowledge that includes skills, values, and spirituality obtained through the practices of distributing wealth, sensitivity to others, and unity combined with achieving economic objectives. Although various challenges in the Indonesian context need further study, the finding can contribute to the praxis of applying spiritual values to economic praxis in Indonesia.

masiva y sistemática de desinformación en los medios sociales representa una amenaza importante para los sistemas democráticos, especialmente en sociedades interconectadas donde el flujo instantáneo y constante de datos impregna todas las esferas de la vida pública y privada. Frente a este preocupante fenómeno, se han intensificado los esfuerzos de diferentes organismos nacionales e internacionales cuyo plan de acción prioritario ha consistido en impulsar la formación de sus ciudadanos. Sin embargo, las estrategias maliciosas centradas en la desinformación y en narrativas basadas en trastornos de la información favorecen dinámicas de propagación mucho más virulentas e intensivas que las generadas por programas estatales de alfabetización informacional. En este sentido, diversas investigaciones han puesto en evidencia las carencias formativas de los usuarios ante el fenómeno de nuestro estudio: los relatos políticos exigen Un nivel de alfabetización alto con constantes actualizaciones y continuos cambios. Estos discursos, indescifrables para un sector de la población, quedan difuminados en medio de otro tipo de información (de cuestionable veracidad, procedencia e intencionalidad) mucho más accesible, propagada por las redes sociales. Abstract: The deliberate, massive and systematic spread of disinformation on social media represents a major threat to democratic systems, especially in interconnected societies where the instantaneous and constant flow of data permeates all spheres of public and private life. Faced with this worrying phenomenon, efforts have been intensified by different national and international organizations whose priority action plan has been to promote the training of their citizens. However, malicious strategies focused on disinformation and narratives based on information disorders favor propagation dynamics that are much more virulent and intensive than those generated by state information literacy programs. In this sense, various investigations have highlighted the training deficiencies of users in the face of the phenomenon of our study: political narratives require a high level of literacy with constant updates and continuous changes. These speeches, indecipherable for a sector of the population, are blurred in the midst of other types of information (of questionable veracity, origin and intentionality) much more accessible, propagated by social networks.

Background: The pandemic context prompts nursing students to be involved in online learning. Researchers indicated that critical thinking develops through the learning process, but the link between critical thinking and online learning in nursing does not have sufficient evidence. Aim of Study: This research examines student perceptions about critical thinking, motivation, and learning strategies in online psychiatric nursing education among nursing students at Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University in Saudi Arabia and Alexandria University in Egypt. Subject and Methods: An online survey was designed to collect data anonymously. A total of 75 Saudi undergraduates and 105 Egyptian nursing students who met the inclusion criteria participated. The online survey assessed three parts: socio-demographic data, critical thinking motivational, and cognitive processing strategy scales. Results: The current study found that using a motivating method for online learning inspired students to engage in critical thinking and cognitive processing strategies in a psychiatric and mental health nursing course, even in two different contexts. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that using motivational methods for online learning encourages students to engage in critical thinking and cognitive processing strategies in psychiatry and mental health care courses, even in two different settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Eating habits are formed from childhood and develop into adulthood. Unhealthy eating habits will persist into adulthood and can lead to various diseases. Healthy eating and behaviour should be taught using engaging tools. The study aims to pilot nutrition education using the game-based learning approach, implementing a specially designed learning board game entitled 'Gastronot'. Methods: A mixed-method study was used in two stages. The first stage was an FGD with 14 informants and in-depth interviews with six informants to develop the game. The second stage was the game's development, and a pre and post-test were conducted on 88 children to evaluate the game—the study was conducted from August 2019 to July 2020. Results: Results showed almost half the children (49%) never heard about Balanced Nutrition Diet Pyramid. There was a significant difference between respondents' knowledge before and after playing the game with a p-value of 0.021. The game was able to engage participants in the active learning process. Conclusions: We concluded that the game-based learning utilizing the Gastronot board game demonstrated good results as a method for teaching primary school students about food and healthy eating habits.

This study aims to reveal the factor that motivates the higher-educated Toba Batak women. The research used a qualitative approach. Purposive sampling was employed to choose the study's participants, who are Toba Batak women from Bandung city with advanced degrees. The study employed guidelines for observation and interviewing as data collecting methods. The data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing techniques used in this study were based on the interview transcripts. The results of this study indicate that the factors that cause Toba Batak women to have higher education include: (1) mindset and value changes, (2) need for time demand, (3) women's choices, and (4) family support.

Background: In the fast-changing healthcare environment, it is important to ensure that primary health care (PHC) nurses are suitably qualified and have access to appropriate and relevant ongoing education. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the training needs of professional nurses working in PHC facilities. Setting: The research was conducted in PHC facilities in the Cape Metropole, Western Cape, South Africa. Methods: A quantitative descriptive survey with all-inclusive sampling was used. All professional nurses (N = 303), employed for at least a minimum of 6 months in PHC facilities were included in the study. The Hennessy–Hicks Training Needs Analysis (TNA) questionnaire was used to collect the data on professional tasks training needs and open-ended questions for specific PHC contextual training needs. Importance and performance means for each of the TNA subsections and training needs were calculated. Open-ended questions were analysed using content analysis, identifying training domains and topics in terms of frequency and ranking. Results: The TNA identified ‘Research’ as the highest training need. Research tasks were significantly rated as the least important and the lowest rated performance compared to other domains. Child mental health was rated as the most important specific training need. Conclusion: The results of this survey provide insight into the training needs of professional nurses employed in PHC facilities and highlight the need for child mental healthcare and research training in this setting. Contribution: The study contributes to the understanding of the training and education needs of professional nurses working in PHC facilities.

The development of students' scientific and artistic thinking is a difficult and long process, so it should not be limited to lessons. Experience shows that extracurricular activities not only increase students' interest in learning, but also have a strong impact on their speech culture. It is true that extracurricular and out-of-class activities are not included in the school curriculum, but are based on the principle of voluntariness and are a kind of continuation of the work carried out in the classroom. This means that extracurricular and out-of-class activities differ from the teaching process only in their form and in their content. Therefore, teachers should pay serious attention to this issue. A well-thought-out education policy is very important in determining the future development of each country and strengthening it as an independent state. Education means the upbringing of our young generation in the national-spiritual spirit, the value of the nation, the development of the country. In this regard, the upbringing of adolescents and young people with intellectual potential is of great importance. Important and urgent tasks such as upbringing of teenagers and young people in a physically healthy, morally pure, spiritually rich national-spiritual spirit, their close association around the ideology of statehood are the priority policy and the main direction of our state today. The organization and conduct of extracurricular activities refer to important pedagogical principles. General and specific features should be kept in mind when organizing extracurricular activities. Taking into account these characteristics, a competent teacher achieves important results in the formation of student personality by ensuring the integration of lessons and extracurricular processes. The article analyzes the characteristics of extracurricular activities and comments on the problem in terms of students’ moral education.

The main purpose of the study is to determine the main features of the pedagogical aspects of sociocultural competence as an element of intercultural communication. Sociocultural competence involves the inclusion of students in intercultural communication, modeled in the classroom in rural education. The implementation of intercultural communication presupposes an adequate mutual understanding of communication participants who are representatives of different cultures. The development of psychological and pedagogical theory and practice has led to increased attention to the formation of sociocultural competence of students in the process of their professional training in rural education. The methodology includes a number of theoretical and research bibliographic methods. First of all, methods of analysis and synthesis of scientific and practical information were applied. The method of systematization and abstract-logical was also applied. As a result, the key aspects of sociocultural competence were identified as an element of the psychology of intercultural communication. Further development is needed on issues related to the formation of sociocultural competence in future students and the use of interdisciplinary connections in the process of their professional training in rural education.

As technology advances rapidly and vast amounts of data are collected, artificial intelligence (AI) is increasing its presence in our lives. Medicine is a major focus point of AI developers. There are examples of algorithms on par with medical professionals, the most prominent case being skin cancer recognition. However, advancement involves the necessity to adapt to technology and to patients utilizing it on a daily basis. What is more, patients present growing trust towards machine-aided health care. Dermatology is a potent field for AI use as visual data are easy to collect, hold a lot of information and are paramount for diagnosis.

Yaopian Chen, 1 Wei Li 2, 3 1Department of Sleep Medicine, Wenzhou Seventh People’s Hospital, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 3Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Wei LiDepartment of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 021 64387250Email 822203867@qq.comPurpose: To investigate the prevalence, influencing factors, and cognitive characteristics of depressive symptoms in elderly patients with chronic schizophrenia.Patients and Methods: A total of 241 elderly patients with chronic schizophrenia and 156 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) was used to assess depressive symptoms; the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale was used to assess psychotic symptoms; and both the Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment were used to assess overall cognitive function, while the Activity of Daily Living Scale was used to assess daily living ability.Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 48.5% (117/241) in elderly patients with chronic schizophrenia, which was substantially higher than that of normal controls (17.3%, 27/156). Using a stepwise binary logistic regression analysis, we found that high education (p=0.006, odds ratio [OR]=1.122, 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.034– 1.218) and hypertension (p=0.019, OR=0.519, 95% CI: 0.300– 0.898) were influencing factors for the comorbidity of depressive symptoms. Compared with individuals without depressive symptoms, individuals with depressive symptoms usually display worse overall cognitive function and more severe impairment of activities of daily living, but fewer psychotic symptoms. Interestingly, the GDS score was negatively correlated with the course of the disease (r=− 0.157, p=0.016), suggesting that patients who had recently been admitted to the hospital were more likely to develop depression.Conclusion: Elderly patients with chronic schizophrenia are often associated with higher levels of depression. Therefore, their overall cognitive function is worse, and their activities of daily living are more seriously impaired. Therefore, these patients should be provided with appropriate psychological comfort, especially those who have recently been admitted to the hospital.Keywords: elderly, chronic schizophrenia, depressive symptoms, hypertension, education

Resumen El objetivo de este artículo es presentar una serie de ejercicios para enseñar morfología en el aula de secundaria de un modo diferente. Todos ellos se apoyan en juegos de palabras, chistes lingüísticos o ejemplos reales para que sean los estudiantes los que extraigan, a partir de ahí, el comportamiento morfológico de su lengua. El punto de partida es que los procesos morfológicos están presentes en la vida cotidiana de los estudiantes. Son procesos que usamos para crear nuevas palabras, para entender los neologismos, para expresar emociones o para condensar significados a través de la gramática. Con estos ejercicios, se trata de transmitir a los estudiantes que el conocimiento de la lengua radica en su propia reflexión metalingüística y es un conocimiento significativo. Se fomentan competencias básicas como la observación de la realidad, la reflexión y el espíritu crítico. Además, al introducir el humor en el aula, tratamos de crear un clima adecuado para la formación, al mismo tiempo que se fomenta la desautomatización de los procesos lingüísticos. Abstract The objective of this article is to present a series of exercises to teach morphology in a different way in high school. All of them rely on word games, linguistic jokes or real examples so that the students are the ones who deduce the morphological behavior of their language. The starting point is that morphological processes are present in the students' daily lives. We use morphology to create new words, to understand neologisms, to express emotions or to condense meanings through grammar. With these exercises, the aim is to convey to students that knowledge of the language lies in their own metalinguistic reflection. Basic competences such as observation of reality, reflection and a critical spirit are promoted. In addition, by introducing humor in the classroom, we try to create a suitable climate for training and promote the de-automation of linguistic processes.

Resumen: Actualmente, existe una propagación de títulos narrativos inspirados por estructuras argumentales, personajes, temas y arquetipos procedentes de diversos clásicos literarios, historias que trascienden las páginas de los libros y llegan a las grandes pantallas de cine, a las pequeñas de los dispositivos móviles o a plataformas diversas de entretenimiento interactivo: diversos servicios de streaming e incluso videojuegos. La lectura literaria hoy en día implica la expansión de la cultura escrita y los referentes literarios a través de modos múltiples y medios de expresión mediante formas de interpretación que integran diferentes tipos de discursos (textuales, visuales, sonoros, interactivos) pero que resultan a la vez convergentes en cuanto a los significados culturales. Concibiendo las nuevas alfabetizaciones lectoras como experiencias mediáticas integradas, que incluyen propuestas y proyectos transmedia para la educación literaria, como estudio de caso significativo, en este trabajo se procederá al análisis cualitativo de Red Dead Redemption 2 como muestra paradigmática de videojuego que presenta interesantes elementos intradiegéticos e intertextualidades favorables al fomento lector, considerando sus implicaciones en lo referente a la lectura de ciertos clásicos literarios y valorando las posibilidades de este medio para el desarrollo de la competencia literaria. Abstract: Nowadays, there is a spread of narrative titles inspired by plot structures, characters, themes and archetypes from various literary classics, stories that transcend the pages of books and reach the big cinema screens, the small screens of mobile devices or some platforms of interactive entertainment: streaming services and even video games. Literary reading at present implies the expansion of written culture and literary references through multiple media and modes of expression through forms of interpretation that integrate different types of discourses (textual, visual, sound, interactive) but that result converging on cultural meanings at the same time. Conceiving the new reading literacies as integrated media experiences, which include transmedia proposals and projects for literary education, as a significant case study, in this work we will proceed to the qualitative analysis of Red Dead Redemption 2 as a paradigmatic sample of a video game that presents interesting intradiegetic elements and intertextualities that positively stimulate reading promotion, considering its implications in relation to the reading of certain literary classics and assessing the possibilities of this medium for the development of literary competence.

This article presents an educational experience in schools held by academics in the UNESCO site of Mantova and Sabbioneta. It is the result of a wider, interdisciplinary study – sponsored by MOBARTECH, an Italian research project – aimed at the co-construction of knowledge to foster understanding and interpretation of the cultural landscape from the point of view of the local community. The project led to the creation of a toolkit for citizens and tourists in which sound was the protagonist of several activities. Here we critically present insights and reflections on heritage, landscape and the sound in education.

The contribution presents a research project conducted by Fondazione Arnaldo Pomodoro to formulate, design and create, together with children and teachers, and to evaluate – with the help of the University – a different approach to the experience of contemporary art. This project has been implemented thanks to co-funding provided by Fondazione Cariplo. The initial hypothesis, after many years of experimentation on the part of Fondazione Arnaldo Pomodoro in the field of art education, and in the various temporary and permanent exhibitions organized by the foundation, was to explore a series of new possibilities that underline the value of participation, in which the soundscape can also become part of a meaningful experience.

Abstract Systems ensure the attainment of goals at any educational level, including quality early childhood education. Various studies focus on the benefits and components of quality early childhood education, yet none emphasise systems that will support early childhood development (ECD) centres in offering quality education. This study explored existing systems that support ECD centres in providing quality education to young children. The study adopted a qualitative research approach and collected data through document analysis and face-to-face interviews with eight participants purposively selected from four ECD centres situated in Pretoria. The data were analysed thematically. The findings revealed that national policies, internally generated policies and financial systems support the participating centres in offering quality education. However, many of the participants did not know the existing national policies. The findings also revealed that ECD centres in the township area do not have financial systems to help them provide quality education. The study recommends effective implementation strategies to foster awareness and enforce strict adherence to government policies at ECD centres. The study contributes to awareness and adherence to quality early childhood education by suggesting that ECD centres, principals and teachers should engage in relevant and practical training on effectively establishing systems from the available national education policies that will help them offer quality education. Contribution: This study adds to the body of knowledge by filling in the gaps on how ECD principals and teachers understand national policies and translate them into systems that assist them in managing their centres on a daily basis. The novelty of this study is the empirical input from different disciplines (Early Childhood Education and Management and Policies Studies), in a way that enables one to comprehend the role of educational management and policies studies at the early childhood learning centres in South Africa, which is the emphasis of the Journal for Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa.

This article discusses the preconditions of creating a unified electronic platform for the professional development of personnel in 2020, which arose as a result of the fight against a new threat to all mankind – the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic. The main direction of the research is to study the possibility of personnel improving their skills remotely. The practical significance of the work is expressed in the justification that recognition in national legislation governing the training opportunities through the use of a unified electronic platform, will serve as a tool to achieve the objectives of the national plan and strategy of development of Kazakhstan in the sphere of the human capital development and digitaliza-tion . The research used methods of studying and analyzing specialized literature, regulatory legal acts, national statistics, comparing national legislation and the legislation of the Eurasian Economic Union countries, together with a compiled SWOT analysis. The article analyzes the national experience in the development of the institute for the arrangement of services in electronic form. The authors highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the implementation of the proficient improvement prepare through the utilize of a unified electronic platform. The authors conclude that the creation of such a platform will lead to positive results in the development and modernization of labor relations and relations directly related to labor relations. The materials of the article can be used by interested persons associated with the work in the field of development of the institute for improving the qualification of personnel, and also within the field of digitalization of educational services.

Young children use informal strategies to solve arithmeticword problems. The Situation Strategy First (SSF) frameworkclaims that these strategies prevail even after instruction. Thepresent study was conducted with second grade students inorder to investigate the persistence of intuitive, situation-based strategies, on word problems that do not involvedynamic temporal changes. This is challenging for the SSFframework, since the lack of this dimension might bypassintuitive strategies. The results revealed that intuitivestrategies persist, are valid for these types of problems, andimpact the problems' difficulty. Indeed problems that requirethe application of arithmetic principles remain hard, eventhough they have been practiced at school. These findingsprovide complementary evidence to how mental calculationstrategies articulate with arithmetic word problem solving andcall for the extension of the SSF framework.

Six Sigma methodology is considered a modern trend to achieve high levels in the education institutions performance quality, and it is one of the successful methods in developing the environment of education systems with its human and material components. Thus, the research aims to determine the sigma level of the agricultural technical education outputs in Egypt, using DEA, and the 6σ methodology. The research showed that the sigma level of the Egyptian agricultural technical education was about 1.15, which is a low level of quality that reflects the low quality of Egyptian agricultural technical education which means failure of the agricultural technical education to meet the needs of the labor market, which leads to the reluctance of students to join it. The research recommends activating the quality system in agricultural technical education schools, setting specific standards for them and raising the efficiency of the Quality Assurance and Accreditation Authority for agricultural technical education schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Much of the literature concerning Sumarokov’s magazine “The Industrious Bee” often emphasizes its satirical orientation. In contrast, the article suggests a new view of the journal metatext which highlights the philosophic-pedagogical discourse. The aim of the article is to show the change of the reading paradigm in the middle of the 18th century from reading for the sake of reading to reading for reflection. The study is based on a comprehensive approach. The methods of literary studies used include: historical-typological, cultural-historical, biographical, and comparative-historical methods. The study showed that the model of behavioral culture of the noble society of the first half of the 18th century included reading as an obligatory element. It is no coincidence that the philosophic-pedagogical discourse of the first Russian private monthly magazine became the dominant trend in the first half of 1759. Proclaiming the authority of books and reading in the public space of readers and subscribers, Sumarokov tried to prove that systematic learning becomes the virtue of the secular noble society by the middle of the 18th century. Hence, the publisher’s skeptical attitude towards the false scientists who wrote much without feeling and knowledge. Sumarokov also draws attention to the poor position of the scientist in the class-divided state when the right to wisdom depends on the rank. The problem field of the journal’s philosophic-pedagogical discourse is vast: from its own educational program to questions of war and peace. Philosophic-pedagogical discourse which includes the problems of reading, teaching and science, is formed by all metatexts of 12 monthly books of “The Industrious Bee” (except November issue). These are original or translated texts: January issue – article by G. Kozitsky; February – P. A Sancto Josefo; March – Erasmus of Rotterdam; April – Gottlieb Wilhelm Rabener; May – Locke and Sumarokov; June – Sumarokov; July – Dimophila; August – Voltaire; September and October – Sumarokov; December – Moore and Eskhin. The first known word usage of the term ‘pedagogy’ in Russian literary language goes back to 1783. This is the start of the official chronology of pedagogical discourse. The findings allow the authors to conclude that in its implicit form, the philosophic-pedagogical discourse was formed by the middle of the 18th century and was articulated on the pages of the “The Industrious Bee” thanks to the efforts of the publisher Sumarokov and his staff.

Background: Eating habits are formed from childhood and develop into adulthood. Unhealthy eating habits will persist into adulthood and can lead to various diseases. Healthy eating and behaviour should be taught using engaging tools. The study aims to pilot nutrition education using the game-based learning approach, implementing a specially designed learning board game entitled 'Gastronot'. Methods: A mixed-method study was used in two stages. The first stage was an FGD with 14 informants and in-depth interviews with six informants to develop the game. The second stage was the game's development, and a pre and post-test were conducted on 88 children to evaluate the game—the study was conducted from August 2019 to July 2020. Results: Results showed almost half the children (49%) never heard about Balanced Nutrition Diet Pyramid. There was a significant difference between respondents' knowledge before and after playing the game with a p-value of 0.021. The game was able to engage participants in the active learning process. Conclusions: We concluded that the game-based learning utilizing the Gastronot board game demonstrated good results as a method for teaching primary school students about food and healthy eating habits.

Pupils’ poor achievement in mathematics has recently been aconcern in many Western countries. In order to address this is-sue, it has been proposed to teach chess in schools. However,in spite of optimistic claims, no convincing evidence of the ac-ademic benefits of chess instruction has ever been provided,because no study has ever controlled for possible placebo ef-fects. In this experimental study, a three-group design (i.e., ex-perimental, placebo, and control groups) was implemented tocontrol for possible placebo effects. Measures of mathematicalability and metacognitive skills were taken before and after thetreatment. We were interested in metacognitive skills becausethey have been claimed to be boosted by chess instruction, inturn positively influencing the enhancement of mathematicalability. The results show that the experimental group (partici-pants attending a chess course) achieved better scores in math-ematics than the placebo group (participants attending a Gocourse) but not than the control group (participants attendingregular school lessons). With regard to metacognition, no dif-ferences were found between the three groups. These resultssuggest that some chess-related skills generalize to the mathe-matical domain, because the chess lessons compensated for thehours of school lessons lost, whereas the Go lessons did not.However, this transfer does not seem to be mediated by meta-cognitive skills, and thus appears to be too limited to offer ed-ucational advantages.

This study aims to assist wood craftsmen in Dongkelan, Krapyak, Yogyakarta in determining the best wood to be used as guitar material, because there are frequent complaints from buyers that the materials used as guitar materials are rotten quickly and are dull in terms of color. Based on these problems, a solution is sought using the Multi Objective Optimization on the basis of Ratio Analysis (MOORA) decision support system method, and is assisted by experts in determining the right criteria related to determining the best wood used in making guitar materials, after a long time discussing the correct criteria were found based on the problem, in the form of criteria for wood strength, wood grain, texture, and wood weight. All of these criteria are then processed using the MOORA decision support system method. After processing, the best results are obtained. The right wood for guitar making is ebony with 23.6831 results occupying the first rank. Proving the results of the MOORA decision support system method, a questionnaire was carried out directly to several guitar makers with a total of 14 people, resulting in an accuracy of 85.71% which means that it has significant verification, that ebony wood is best used as a guitar-making material

The leading commercial high schools from Botoșani county, during the interwar period, were The Boys' Commercial High School Botoșani and The Girls’ Commercial High School Botoșani. The two institutions played an important role in creating and developing trade and industry in Botoșani County, preparing the necessary human resource in this area. Another role of the commercial schools was to develop entrepreneurial spirit and economic initiative, through the subjects they taught in these specialized schools. Although they were facing financial difficulties, both local authorities and teachers made efforts to fulfil a high-quality education.

Teacher’s performance plays a crucial role in achieving quality of education and good character of students. Low teacher’s performance will decrease quality of graduates itself. Based on data in north Jakarta vocational school, teacher’s performance is in priority programs of government, and still need to be increased. The objectives of this research is to investigate whether there exist any direct positive effect of transformational leadership and work motivation towards teacher’s performance at North Jakarta Vocational School. As many as 81 from 443 teachers were used as research samples to obtain data which were then analyzed using quantitative methods of path analysis. The result shows that there exists a positive direct effect of (1) transformational leadership towards teacher performance, (2) work motivation towards teacher performance, (3) transformational leadership towards work motivation.

Introduction: Health as an irrational value requires continuous multidimensional activities to maintain it. Their implementation is based on building self-awareness in the individual through health promotion strategies consisting in shaping the desired behavior among patients. This is a chance that health promotion through implemented health education puts before the patient.Aim: The aim of the study is to present the beneficial effects of health education on the functioning of the patient.Material and methods: Literature analysis based on articles and books containing the aspect of health education.Conclusions: Daily choices create an individual lifestyle, thus not remaining neutral to health. Awareness of responsibility for one's own health shapes an individual approach to the issue of health. This awareness can be achieved through properly implemented health education assumptions. Undertaken actions are a unifying direction of modern medicine and man in the pursuit of achieving positive health indicators. Through them, it is possible to observe mutual benefits, thanks to which health protection reduces expenditures, thus saving any funds generated by the patient, and the patient himself can be healthy in complete satisfaction, striving for self-fulfillment. Only jointly implemented preventive actions controlling the potential risk are able to achieve the unifying goal, which is constantly improving the quality of life.

INTRODUCTION: From terrorist attacks in 2015 the French Government has made laws to quickly increase the number of students leaving Junior High School with a proper first aid training. Beside these national measures, some local projects are being developed to promote first aid to a maximum of people. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Implemented the European Erasmus+ project “112: Can I help You ?”. A 3-year project has involved 5 countries (France, Poland, Czech Republic, Spain and Romania) to promote lifesaving lessons among European people. With several mobilities, students visited different places with professionals of medicine, lifesaving. They acted in short promoting pieces and created posters in relation to first aid techniques. RESULTS: The project has been going on for 3 years. At that time, the authors of the program from France included a total of 300 people in the activities, who will be students and educators from five countries. The dissemination of the project is based on the high visibility of the videos and the posters created by the students themselves. Posters and videos can be found on different websites but also with temporary exhibitions in city halls, shopping malls. CONCLUSIONS: Program has been effectively implemented in five Central European countries. Activities of pedagogues and persons without medical education may be an effective form of propagating first aid principles in accordance with the subject of PSC1. Further activity of the project contractors and analysis of the effectiveness of the forms of training activities undertaken by them is necessary.

Introduction: Regarding the role of the lesson plan on the quality of the internship course and the characteristics of the health information technology field, such as being new, interdisciplinary, and positioning in the field of health care services, researchers were looking to the viewpoint of the faculty members about the contents of the internship course of health information technology as a model. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in 2016 using the nominal group method and Delphi technique. Sampling was done in the nominal group (7 person) and Delphi (38 person) based on objective sampling. The nominal group method was performed in 17session and the Delphi technique was performed in two round. Analysis was performed using SPSS16 software. Results: Based on the findings of this study, the first course of internship focused on the hospital's health information management and includes 16 activities. For the second course, coding and statistics training has nine activities. The third course of internships has six activities related to the management of clinical information systems, and the fourth course of internship focusing on IT skills and has seven activities. Conclusion: Considering that internship training plays an important role in educating health IT students, studying, designing and implementing a lesson plan can have a significant impact on the quality of this course. Therefore, the authorities must, in determining the content of the training course, have full supervision in implementing the lesson plan.