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Background:. Advances in surgical planning and 3-dimensional (3D) printing have benefitted the field of craniomaxillofacial surgery by allowing visualization of patient anatomy in settings of otherwise restricted surgical fields. Long 3D print times limit the usability of surgical planning workflows in acute trauma reconstruction. We sought to identify variables affecting print time and produce rapid-printed models with sufficient quality for prebending osteosynthesis plates. Methods:. Three-dimensional printing variables, including resolution, print orientation, and region of interest cropping, were optimized on a single mandibular and midface fracture model to maximize print time efficiency. Five mandibular and 5 midface fractures were printed both in the high-resolution and time-efficient protocol. Fixation plates were contoured to fit the optimized models and computed tomography scan. Distances and volumes between the fracture surface and plate were computed. Results:. High-resolution mandible models were printed in 7.47 hours and maxillae in 7.53 hours. Optimized models were printed in 0.93 and 1.07 hours, respectively. Cropping to regions of interest, rotating the model, and decreasing print resolution significantly reduced print time. The difference (optimized versus high resolution) in distance between the plate and model averaged 0.22 and 0.34 mm for mandibles and maxillae; the air space volume differed by 1.39 and 0.90 mm3, respectively. Conclusions:. Adjusting size, resolution, and position on the printing platform allows rapid fabrication of 3D models for surgical reconstruction without sacrificing surface quality. These edits reduce printing time, enabling the implementation of 3D-printing workflows for surgical planning in acute craniomaxillofacial trauma settings.

A novel rhizobacteria Bacillus was isolated from rhizosphere of soil associated with tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under open field conditions. The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain MHR24 (MHR24) is a promising biocontrol agent against several fungal phytopathogens. In this research, MHR24 was characterized by an effective antagonistic ability against Alternaria alternata (Aa), Botrytis cinerea (Bc), Fusarium oxysporum F1 (F1), F. oxysporum F2 (F2), F. oxysporum R3 (F3), and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Sc). In particular, MHR24 showed a strong inhibition via airborne volatiles against Bc, F3, Aa, and F2 fungal strains. MHR24 also showed elevated saline stress tolerance at 1% and 25% to NaCl and KCl. The molecular sequence analysis of 16S rDNA confirmed the identity of the isolate as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain MHR24. Bioassays on Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 inoculated with MHR24 showed in in vitro conditions that MHR24 significantly increases the foliar and root area, while in growth chamber conditions, it strongly increases the dry shoot biomass of A. thaliana. The observed results indicate that B. amyloliquefaciens MHR24 has a broad-spectrum biocontrol against fungal phytopathogens and can be used as a biofertilizer and biocontrol agent to improve horticultural crops.

IntroductionTime-fixed analyses have traditionally been utilized to examine outcomes in post-infarction ventricular septal defect (VSD). The aims of this study were to: (1) analyze the relationship between VSD closure/non-closure and mortality; (2) assess the presence of immortal-time bias.Material and methodsIn this retrospective cohort study, patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) complicated by VSD. Time-fixed and time-dependent Cox regression methodologies were employed.ResultsThe study included 80 patients: surgical closure (n = 26), transcatheter closure (n = 20), or conservative management alone (n = 34). At presentation, patients without VSD closure exhibited high-risk clinical characteristics, had the shortest median time intervals from STEMI onset to VSD development (4.0, 4.0, and 2.0 days, respectively; P = 0.03) and from STEMI symptom onset to hospital arrival (6.0, 5.0, and 0.8 days, respectively; P

Objective. To estimate Covid-19 and pre-pandemic low respiratory infection (LRI) mortality in children and adolescents in Mexico. Materials and methods. We estimated the percentage of total mortality attributable to Covid-19 (95% confidence intervals; 95%CI) and made the corresponding estimates for pre-pandemic LRI mortality. Results. In 2019, LRIs represented 8.6% (95%CI 8.3, 8.9) of deaths in children aged 0-9 years, and 2.0% (95%CI 1.8, 2.3) in those aged 10-19 years. In 2020, the corresponding estimates for Covid-19 were 4.4% (95%CI 4.1, 4.6) and 3.7% (95%CI 3.4, 4.1). Conclusions. Relative to LRI, Covid-19 may be exerting a considerable mortality burden, particularly in older children and adolescents.

Objetivo. Estimar la seroprevalencia de SARS-CoV-2 en población de edad escolar en México. Material y métodos. Se categorizaron a niños y adolescentes que participaron en la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2020 sobre Covid-19 (Ensanut 2020 Covid-19) por edad escolar y nivel educativo. En participantes seropositivos, se identificó la proporción de infecciones asintomáticas. Se estimaron razones de prevalencia usando un modelo de regresión log-binomial. Resultados. La seroprevalencia en educación básica y media fue de 18.7% (IC95%: 14.9, 22.5) y 26.7% (IC95%: 22.1, 31.3), respectivamente. La infección asintomática fue más frecuente en educación básica (88.5% [IC95%: 80.5, 93.5]). Conclusiones. En población de educación básica la infección por SARS-CoV-2 es baja y usualmente asintomática.

La sistematización presenta los resultados del uso del Laboratorio Virtual II Ley de Newton en dos asignaturas de Física de la Universidad Estatal a Distancia de Costa Rica. Este laboratorio permitió realizar apren-dizaje experimental sin la necesidad de tener que asistir presencialmente. Se realizó una investigación-acción siguiendo una mediación práctica en la que los participantes deben de realizar una guía de laboratorio por medio de una aplicación. Entre los principales resultados se resalta que los participantes muestran una gran aceptación del Laboratorio Virtual como recurso de aprendizaje del componente experimental, por medio de un dispositivo móvil, y rescatan el valor de este recurso para el logro de aprendizajes en tiempos de pandemia, cuando el aislamiento social ha obligado al cierre instalaciones de las instituciones educativas y se debe mediar el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje por medios virtuales.

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la evolución histórica del proceso de desarrollo de habilidades en la preparación y capacitación ideopolítica como contenido esencial del Sistema de Escuelas del Partido en Cuba. Este, permite ubicar en tiempo y espacio dicho fenómeno en el período revolucionario. Al respecto, se presenta un acercamiento a sus tendencias fundamentales. Esto propicia que se precise los logros y dificultades que han existido en cada una de las etapas identificadas. Ello ha favorecido trazarse metas para lograr que los egresados asuman los retos de cada época y participen activamente en el progreso social cubano. En tanto para la investigación se utilizaron cuatro criterios fundamentales, ellos son: nivel de preparación de docentes para lograr el desarrollo de habilidades como objeto de las escuelas del Partido; caracterización de los enfoques del proceso de habilidades; compromiso de dicho proceso con el desempeño del egresado; concreción del principio didáctico de la vinculación de la escuela con la vida. Ello permitió recopilar información acerca del devenir del sistema de escuelas del Partido Comunista de Cuba respecto al tema referido y especialmente en su nivel más masivo: las escuelas municipales.

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la evolución histórica del proceso de desarrollo de habilidades en la preparación y capacitación ideopolítica como contenido esencial del Sistema de Escuelas del Partido en Cuba. Este, permite ubicar en tiempo y espacio dicho fenómeno en el período revolucionario. Al respecto, se presenta un acercamiento a sus tendencias fundamentales. Esto propicia que se precise los logros y dificultades que han existido en cada una de las etapas identificadas. Ello ha favorecido trazarse metas para lograr que los egresados asuman los retos de cada época y participen activamente en el progreso social cubano. En tanto para la investigación se utilizaron cuatro criterios fundamentales, ellos son: nivel de preparación de docentes para lograr el desarrollo de habilidades como objeto de las escuelas del Partido; caracterización de los enfoques del proceso de habilidades; compromiso de dicho proceso con el desempeño del egresado; concreción del principio didáctico de la vinculación de la escuela con la vida. Ello permitió recopilar información acerca del devenir del sistema de escuelas del Partido Comunista de Cuba respecto al tema referido y especialmente en su nivel más masivo: las escuelas municipales.

Real-time monitoring of meat quality requires fast, accurate, low-cost, and non-destructive analytical methods that can be used throughout the entire production chain, including the packaged product. The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of a portable near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy tool for the on-site detection of freshness of pork loin fillets in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) stored on display counters. Pork loin slices were sealed in MAP trays under two proportions of O2/CO2/N2: High-Ox-MAP (30/40/30) and Low-Ox-MAP (5/20/75). Changes in pH, color, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), Warner–Bratzler shear force (WBSF), and microbiology (total viable counts, Enteriobacteriaceae, and lactic acid bacteria) were monitored over 15 days post-mortem at 4 °C. VIS-NIR spectra were collected from pork fillets before (through the film cover) and after opening the trays (directly on the meat surface) with a portable LABSPEC 5000 NIR system in diffuse reflectance mode (350–2500 nm). Quantitative NIR models by partial least squares regression (PLSR) showed a promising prediction ability for meat color (L*, a*, C*, and h*) and microbiological variables (R2VAL > 0.72 and RPDVAL > 2). In addition, qualitative models using PLS discriminant analysis obtained good accuracy (over 90%) for classifying pork samples as fresh (acceptable for consumption) or spoiled (not acceptable) based on their microbiological counts. VIS-NIR spectroscopy allows rapid evaluation of product quality and shelf life and could be used for on-site control of pork quality.

Abstract Background Simultaneous infection in tuberculosis (TB) is rare. The mixed infection between Streptococcus anginosus group (SAG) and M. tuberculosis (MTB) has not been reported in children. The aim of this report was to describe a pediatric case with a pulmonary abscess caused by the duality SAG-MTB co-infection. Case presentation An 11-year-old boy with an acute onset of throbbing pain of two-day evolution located in the anterior chest wall. The patient reported a history of fever, cough and rhinorrhea during the last seven days. An anterior chest radiography revealed a heterogenic opacity at the lower right lobe while the lateral projection showed an obliteration at the anterior diaphragmatic insertion. Parenteral Ceftriaxone (100 mg/kg/day) and Dicloxacillin (200 mg/kg/day) was started. The abscess was subsequently drained and analyzed. After a year of follow-up, the patient remained asymptomatic. Conclusion This case represents the first reported case of pulmonary co-infection involving MTB and SAG in an immunocompetent pediatric patient.

Resumen: Introducción: Un trombo intracorononario largo reclasificado es un predictor independiente de resultados adversos y no reflujo en el infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del ST. Pacientes con mayor carga de trombo residual tienen peor disfunción microvascular y mayor daño miocárdico. Métodos: Evaluamos retrospectivamente a 833 pacientes que fueron a angioplastia primaria entre enero del 2011 y junio del 2016. La carga de trombo residual final fue reclasificada tras realizar el cruce de la guía, predilatación con balón o tromboaspiración, para restaurar y estabilizar un flujo TIMI 2-3. Las estrategias de stent diferido vs. stent inmediato fueron comparadas, siendo el objetivo primario la incidencia de no reflujo (TIMI ≤ 2, o TIMI 3 con TMP < 2). Resultados: Cuarenta y siete pacientes (6.8%) presentaron una alta carga trombo residual reclasificado. La coronaria derecha fue la arteria culpable en 34 casos. Hubo mayor frecuencia de ectasia coronaria en el grupo de stent diferido (p = 0.005). Se encontraron menores tasas de no reflujo en el stent diferido (36% vs. 58%), con una mayor frecuencia de un TMP 3 (p = 0.005). Tras la nueva cateterización un 56% quedó libre de stent en el grupo diferido y la anticoagulación oral les fue más frecuentemente indicada (p = 0.031). La tasa de eventos cardiacos adversos mayores fue similar entre los grupos. Hubo una tendencia a una mejor función ventricular izquierda en el grupo diferido (p = 0.056). Conclusiones: El stent diferido puede ser una alternativa eficiente en pacientes con IAM CEST y alta carga de trombo residual reclasificado, después de conseguir un flujo TIMI 2-3 estable. Abstract: Background: Reclassification of a large thrombus burden is an independent predictor of major adverse cardiac events and no-reflow in patients with ST- segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Patients with a greater residual thrombus burden have worse microvascular dysfunction and greater myocardial damage. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 833 STEMI patients who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention. The final residual thrombus burden was reclassified after the lesion was wired, and a thrombus aspiration or balloon dilatation was performed to restore and stabilise a thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) 2-3 flow. Deferred stenting (DEI) was compared with immediate stenting (ISI) group, and the primary outcome was the incidence of no-/slow-reflow (TIMI ≤ 2, or TIMI 3 with myocardial blush grade < 2). Results: Overall, 47 patients (6.8%) had a residual large thrombus burden reclassified. The right coronary artery was the culprit vessel in 34 cases. More patients had coronary ectasia in the DSI group (P=.005). Fewer patients in the DSI had no-/slow-reflow (36% vs. 58%), and the myocardial blush grade 3 was more frequent in the DSI group (P=.005). After repeat coronary angiography in the DSI group, stenting was not performed in 56%, and oral anticoagulation was more frequent in the follow-up (P=.031). Major cardiac adverse events were similar between groups. There was a tendency to better left ventricular function in the DSI group (P=.056). Conclusions: Deferred stenting may be an efficient option in STEMI patients with a residual large thrombus burden reclassified after achieving a stable TIMI 2-3 flow. Palabras clave: Infarto de miocardio ST elevado, Intervención coronaria percutánea primaria, Alta carga de trombo residual reclasificado, Stent diferido, México, Keywords: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, Primary percutaneous coronary intervention, Residual large thrombus burden reclassified, Deferred stent, Mexico

Abstract Background Carbapenemases-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) are a worldwide public health emergency. In Mexico, reports of CPE are limited, particularly in the pediatric population. Here, we describe the clinical, epidemiological, and molecular characteristics of seven consecutive cases in a third-level pediatric hospital in Mexico City over a four-month period during 2016. Results The Enterobacteriaceae identified were three Escherichia coli strains (producing OXA-232, NDM-1 and KPC-2), two Klebsiella pneumoniae strains (producing KPC-2 and NDM-1), one Klebsiella oxytoca strain producing OXA-48 and one Enterobacter cloacae strain producing NDM-1. The majority of patients had underlying disesases, three were immunocompromised, and three had infections involved the skin and soft tissues. Half patients died as a result of CPE infection. Conclusions This study represents the first report of E. coli ST131-O25b clone producing NDM-1 in Latin America. In addition, this study is the first finding of K. oxytoca producing OXA-48 and E. coli producing OXA-232 in Mexican pediatric patients.

The use of water-processable nanoparticles (WPNPs) is an emerging strategy for the processing of organic semiconducting materials into aqueous medium, dramatically reducing the use of chlorinated solvents and enabling the control of the nanomorphology in OPV active layers. We studied amphiphilic rod-coil block copolymers (BCPs) with a different chemical structure and length of the hydrophilic coil blocks. Using the BCPs blended with a fullerene acceptor material, we fabricated NP-OPV devices with a sustainable approach. The goal of this work is to clarify how the morphology of the nanodomains of the two active materials is addressed by the hydrophilic coil molecular structures, and in turn how the design of the materials affects the device performances. Exploiting a peculiar application of TEM, EFTEM microscopy on WPNPs, with the contribution of AFM and spectroscopic techniques, we correlate the coil structure with the device performances, demonstrating the pivotal influence of the chemical design over material properties. BCP5, bearing a coil block of five repeating units of 4-vinilpyridine (4VP), leads to working devices with efficiency comparable to the solution-processed ones for the multiple PCBM-rich cores morphology displayed by the blend WPNPs. Otherwise, BCP2 and BCP15, with 2 and 15 repeating units of 4VP, respectively, show a single large PCBM-rich core; the insertion of styrene units into the coil block of BCP100 is detrimental for the device efficiency, even if it produces an intermixed structure.

In this work we report on the spectroscopic properties and the near-infrared to visible upconversion of Er3+ ions in aluminosilicate glasses manufactured by directionally solidification with the laser floating zone technique. Glasses were manufactured in a controlled oxidizing atmosphere to provide them with high optical transmission in the visible spectral range. Absorption and emission spectra, and lifetimes were assessed in both the visible and the near infrared spectral range. Green upconversion emissions of the 2H11/2→4I15/2 and 4S3/2→4I15/2 transitions at 525 nm and 550 nm attributed to a two-photon process were observed under excitation at 800 nm. Mechanisms responsible for the upconversion luminescence were discussed in terms of excited state absorption and energy transfer upconversion processes. Excitation spectra of the upconverted emission suggest that energy transfer upconversion processes are responsible for the green upconversion luminescence.

Our aim in this report was to describe the characteristics of the first clinical isolate of Escherichia coli (EC-PAG-733) harboring the mcr-1 gene found in Mexico. This isolate was obtained from a fecal sample from a young child with an oncological condition. We obtained the whole-genome sequence using next-generation sequencing and analyzed the sequence by bioinformatics tools. EC-PAG-733 was resistant to third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins and was susceptible to all carbapenems and amikacin; it was also resistant to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, gentamicin and colistin at a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 4 μg/mL. This isolate was classified as O11:H25-ST457. EC-PAG-733 harbored an ESBL type CTX-M-55 as well as several virulence factors that have been associated with Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC). The mcr-1 gene was located within an IncI2 plasmid. The results of this whole genome shotgun project were deposited in DDBJ/ENA/GenBank under the accession number QKXE00000000.

El presente artículo presenta los resultados de una encuesta aplicada a estudiantes de tercero y sexto de educación primaria en la Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México. Esta encuesta forma parte de una investigación titulada “Procesos de diagnóstico del clima escolar en escuelas de educación básica de Jalisco basados en indicadores de convivencia escolar”, que también incluyó encuestas a docentes, padres de familia y directivos, con el objetivo de tener una visión general sobre la percepción de la convivencia escolar y las relaciones que la comprenden, con base en seis núcleos socio-afectivos: respeto, reconocimiento, cuidado, confianza, responsabilidad, y comunicación.La introducción enmarca la investigación y la fundamentación teórica basada en un análisis de trabajos sobre convivencia escolar en Hispanoamérica. Luego se explicita el método utilizado y se da cuenta de los resultados obtenidos. Por último, se discuten los resultados. Por ejemplo, llama a reflexión una regularidad: los estudiantes nos hacen saber, en una proporción de 80 de cada 100, que aprecian la existencia en su escuela de una mayoría de los rasgos de convivencia sometidos a su juicio. Por otra parte, las respuestas que se apartan de esa proporción comunican la presencia de conductas agresivas entre pares. ¿Habrá una convivencia dual?Palabras clave: Convivencia escolar, Cuantitativo, Relaciones entre pares, Relaciones estudiantes-maestros, Socio-afectivo, Escuela.The article presents the obtained results from a survey conducted with Primary school third and sixth grade students in the metropolitan area of Guadalajara in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. This survey is part of a larger research project called “Diagnostic processes of school climate in Basic Education Schools of the state of Jalisco, based in indicators of school co-existence”. In this study we have also included surveys to teachers, parents and administrative personal with the objective of having a general view about the perception of school co-existence and the relationships that build it, using as basis six socio-affective: respect, acknowledgement, care, trust, responsibility, and communication.The introduction frames the research and theoretical support based on an analysis of work on school life in Latin America. Then explains the method used and realize results. Finally, we discuss the results . For example, calls for reflection regularity: Students us know, in a proportion of 80 out of 100, who appreciate their school existence in a majority of the traits of living under their judgment. Moreover, the answers that deviate from this ratio communicate the presence of aggressive behavior among peers. Will there be a dual coexistence?Keywords: School co-existence, Quantitative, Peer relationship, Teacher-student Relationship, Socio-emotional, School.

La actual migración internacional tiene dos características importantes que la diferencian de expresiones anteriores de dicho proceso. En primer lugar, el movimiento migratorio es altamente selectivo en relación con la ocupación y con el nivel educacional de las personas que emigran. A través del sistema de visas los países receptores pueden controlar el grado de calificación y la profesión de las personas que inmigran, seleccionando las ocupaciones y los niveles educacionales que consideran necesarios para su propio desarrollo. Las medidas legislativas tomadas en los últimos años por Estados Unidos (v.g. Ley de 1965 que entró en vigencia en 1968) y otros países industrializados han tendido a favorecer la migración de profesionales altamente calificados hacía estas naciones. En segundo lugar, la migración selectiva de personal altamente calificado se dirige primordialmente de los países menos desarrollados a los países más desarrollados. Algunas sociedades industriales reciben inmigrantes calificados de países menos desarrollados, y a su vez pierden profesionales y técnicos que emigran hacia países con mayor grado de desarrollo (tal es el caso de las naciones europeas). Los países menos desarrollados no gozan de un mecanismo de compensación similar. Estas dos características (nivel educacional y dirección) de las migraciones selectivas de los países subdesarrollados hacia los desarrollados toman significado en una perspectiva de recursos humanos.

This article presents the results of the educational use of an ultra-concurrent laboratory during the second semester of 2022, in the Cisale Chair of the Common Cycle of the University of Buenos Aires in order to strengthen the experimental scenarios and quality of the process in the teaching of physics. For this purpose, a quantitative descriptive study in which 68 students participated was carried out. This allowed establishing a significant scenario with the implementation of the ultra-concurrent free-fall laboratory to enhance experimental development in physics teaching processes. It is concluded that remote laboratories are promising technologies for teaching physics at the university level. However, it should be clarified that the impact of an educational innovation does not only depend on the technology used, but also on the didactic design with which it is approached. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]