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1. Identification of phthalate mixture exposure targets in the human and mouse ovary in vitro

Author

Tarvainen, Ilari, Soto, Delia A., Laws, Mary J., Björvang, Richelle D., Damdimopoulos, Anastasios, Roos, Kristine, Li, Tianyi, Kramer, Stav, Li, Zhong, Lavogina, Darja, Visser, Nadja, Kallak, Theodora K., Lager, Susanne, Gidlöf, Sebastian, Edlund, Erik, Papaikonomou, Kiriaki, Öberg, Mattias, Olovsson, Matts, Salumets, Andres, Velthut-Meikas, Agne, Flaws, Jodi A., and Damdimopoulou, Pauliina

Published
2023
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3. A simulation study of the cost and efficiency of 90 + ton trucks in Sweden : Examining potential and barriers within the forestindustry in Sweden, in regards to heavy trucks

Author

Edlund, Erik and Edlund, Erik

Abstract

This thesis had the goal to investigate the potential of 90+ ton trucks in Sweden. As of current, the highest allowed weight on public roads is 74 ton. A few research questions were formulatedin order to capture the most important aspects of the system in which these vehicles operate. The research questions were what the potential economic savings could be, what the environmental improvements could be, where these vehicles best operate and which barriersthat exist for these vehicles to be successfully deployed. The method has consisted of a literature study, interviews with experts and building asimulation model to see if the efficiency observed in some cases would be applicable to other cases as well. The results from the simulations show the same positive trend toward bigger trucks even withmore and longer routes driven. This was the case even when prices for fuel were set to different values in order to see its effect on the relation between the compared trucks. It was also shown that the heaviest vehicle, 98 tons, still would be more effective if its cargo weight was reduced by 10%. The conclusions from the study is that the BK4 road network that exists in Sweden need to be expanded as well as bridges in the network being analyzed and reinforced to handle proposed gross weights in the future. For the 90+ ton trucks themselves, rigid flows of biomass like int hose cases where terminal driving occurs are the most suitable cases for the trucks due to the predictability of the high biomass flow.

Published
2024

4. A Design Path for Hierarchical Self-Assembly of Patchy Colloids

Author

Edlund, Erik, Lindgren, Oskar, and Jacobi, Martin Nilsson

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

Patchy colloids are promising candidates for building blocks in directed self-assembly. To be successful the surface patterns need to both be simple enough to be synthesized, while feature-rich enough to cause the colloids to self-assemble into desired structures. Achieving this is a challenge for traditional synthesis methods. Recently it has been suggested that the surface pattern themselves can be made to self-assemble. In this paper we show that a wide range of functional structures can be made to self-assemble using this approach. More generally we present a design path for hierarchical targeted self-assembly of patchy colloids. At the level of the surface structure, we use a predictive method utilizing universality of patterns of stripes and spots, coupled with stoichiometric constraints, to cause highly specific and functional patterns to self-assemble on spherical surfaces. We use a minimalistic model of an alkanethiol on gold as a model system and demonstrate that, even with limited control over the interaction between surface constituents, we can obtain patterns that causes the colloids themselves to self-assemble into various complex geometric structures. We demonstrate how variations of the same design path cause in-silico self-assembly of strings, membranes, cubic and spherical aggregates, as well as various crystalline patterns., Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures

Published
2014

5. Predicting self-assembled patterns on spheres with multi-component coatings

Author

Edlund, Erik, Lindgren, Oskar, and Jacobi, Martin Nilsson

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

Interactions between the components in many-body systems can give rise to spontaneous formation of complex structures. Usually very little is known about the connection between the interactions and the resulting structure. Here we present a theory for self-assembling pattern formation in multi-component systems, formulated as an analytic technique that predicts morphologies directly from the interactions in an effective model. As a demonstration we apply the method to a model of alkanethiols on spherical gold particles, successfully predicting its morphologies and transitions as a function of the interaction parameters. This system is interesting because it has been suggested to provide an effective route to produce patchy colloids., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures

Published
2013
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6. Using the uncertainty principle to design simple interactions for targeted self-assembly

Author

Edlund, Erik, Lindgren, Oskar, and Jacobi, Martin Nilsson

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

We present a method that systematically simplifies isotropic interactions designed for targeted self-assembly. The uncertainty principle is used to show that an optimal simplification is achieved by a combination of heat kernel smoothing and Gaussian screening. We use this method to design isotropic interactions for self-assembly of complex lattices and of materials with functional properties. The interactions we derive are significantly simpler than those previously published, and it is realistic to discuss explicit experimental implementation of the designed self-assembling components., Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures

Published
2012
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7. Chiral surfaces self-assembling in one-component systems with isotropic interactions

Author

Edlund, Erik, Lindgren, Oskar, and Jacobi, Martin Nilsson

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

We show that chiral symmetry can be broken spontaneously in one-component systems with isotropic interactions, i.e. many-particle systems having maximal a priori symmetry. This is achieved by designing isotropic potentials that lead to self-assembly of chiral surfaces. We demonstrate the principle on a simple chiral lattice and on a more complex lattice with chiral super-cells. In addition we show that the complex lattice has interesting melting behavior with multiple morphologically distinct phases that we argue can be qualitatively predicted from the design of the interaction., Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures

Published
2012
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8. Universality of striped morphologies

Author

Edlund, Erik and Jacobi, Martin Nilsson

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

We present a method for predicting the low-temperature behavior of spherical and Ising spin models with isotropic potentials. For the spherical model the characteristic length scales of the ground states are exactly determined but the morphology is shown to be degenerate with checkerboard patterns, stripes and more complex morphologies having identical energy. For the Ising models we show that the discretization breaks the degeneracy causing striped morphologies to be energetically favored and therefore they arise universally as ground states to potentials whose Hankel transforms have nontrivial minima., Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures

Published
2011
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9. Renormalization of cellular automata and self-similarity

Author

Edlund, Erik and Jacobi, Martin Nilsson

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

We study self-similarity in one-dimensional probabilistic cellular automata (PCA) using the renormalization technique. We introduce a general framework for algebraic construction of renormalization groups (RG) on cellular automata and apply it to exhaustively search the rule space for automata displaying dynamic criticality. Previous studies have shown that there exists several exactly renormalizable deterministic automata. We show that the RG fixed points for such self-similar CA are unstable in all directions under renormalization. This implies that the large scale structure of self-similar deterministic elementary cellular automata is destroyed by any finite error probability. As a second result we show that the only non-trivial critical PCA are the different versions of the well-studied phenomenon of directed percolation. We discuss how the second result supports a conjecture regarding the universality class for dynamic criticality defined by directed percolation., Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures

Published
2011
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10. Designing isotropic interactions for self-assembly of complex lattices

Author

Edlund, Erik, Lindgren, Oskar, and Jacobi, Martin Nilsson

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

We present a direct method for solving the inverse problem of designing isotropic potentials that cause self-assembly into target lattices. Each potential is constructed by matching its energy spectrum to the reciprocal representation of the lattice to guarantee that the desired structure is a ground state. We use the method to self-assemble complex lattices not previously achieved with isotropic potentials, such as a snub square tiling and the kagome lattice. The latter is especially interesting because it provides the crucial geometric frustration in several proposed spin liquids., Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures

Published
2011
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11. Novel self-assembled morphologies from isotropic interactions

Author

Edlund, Erik, Lindgren, Oskar, and Jacobi, Martin Nilsson

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

We present results from particle simulations with isotropic medium range interactions in two dimensions. At low temperature novel types of aggregated structures appear. We show that these structures can be explained by spontaneous symmetry breaking in analytic solutions to an adaptation of the spherical spin model. We predict the critical particle number where the symmetry breaking occurs and show that the resulting phase diagram agrees well with results from particle simulations., Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures

Published
2011
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12. Hjärnstimulans för lärande i VR - en inblick i framtiden för lärande i VR

Author

Ramsberg, Elias, Edlund, Erik, Ramsberg, Elias, and Edlund, Erik

Abstract

Genom att analysera tidigare försök till effektivt digitalt lärande och problem som hör därtill så spekulerar vi kring hur detta forskningsområde och denna designyta kan utvecklas i framtiden. Vi simulerar upplevelsen av att studera och lära sig i ett riktigt klassrum, under riktiga omständigheter, virtuellt. I undersökningen har deltagarna fått möjlighet att testa på att, med hjälp av ett VR-headset och applikationen utvecklad i undersökningens syfte, se på två olika videor. Applikationen låter dig se och lyssna på en lektion eller video i ett rum som simulerar ett riktigt klassrum, och kombinerar de digitala funktionerna av att spela in, pausa och hoppa i tidslinjen av innehållet simultant till det fysiska mediet av att klottra. Resultaten visar på att deltagarna kommit ihåg mer information under tiden de fått möjligheten att klottra än de gjorde i samma upplevelse utan ett simulerat fysiskt medium, oavsett innehållet av klottrandet eller vad det har föreställt., By analyzing past attempts at streamlined digital teaching and learning, and the problems therewith, we speculate as to the future of this field and the path of its development. We simulate the experience of studying and learning in a real classroom, under real circumstances, virtually. Participants have been given the opportunity to, with the help of a VR-headset and the application developed for the purpose of this research, look at two separate videos. The application allows you to watch and listen to a lesson or a video in a room simulating a real classroom, and it combines the digital functionality of recording, pausing and jumping in the timeline of the content, while simultaneously being offered the physical medium of doodling. Results show that participants have had a better recollection of the content during which they were doodling than that during which they were not, regardless of the content of the doodling or what it depicts.

Published
2023

13. 90-talsprogrammet och synen påmedborgarens relation till staten : En undersökning av medborgarensföränderliga roll i samhället

Author

Edlund, Erik and Edlund, Erik

Abstract

Socialdemokraternas partistyrelse tillsatte 1989 en arbetsgrupp för att undersöka och presentera problemställningar och eventuella lösningar till dessa inför det svenska 90-talet. Genom denna arbetsgrupp skrevs debattboken 90-talsprogrammet som är huvudmaterialet för undersökningen. I 90-talsprogrammet placeras medborgaren som en viktig del av deras syn på mål och problemformuleringar. Inför 80-talet skrevs även då, en debattbok av relevans Det nödvändiga uppbrottet. Den bokens relevans används som en exemplifiering av yttradeåsikter under perioden innan 90-talsprogrammet. Med detta som bakgrund är undersökningens syfte att undersöka vilken syn 90-talprogrammets författare hade på medborgaren inom olika områden i samhället såsom arbetslivet och utbildning. Tidigare forskning och teorier om medborgarens roll i samhället utgör bakgrunden till undersökningen. Medborgaren som konsument och ett aktivt medborgarskap är de teman som lyfts inom den teoretiska utgångspunkterna. Till denna bakgrund kan man se en skiftning i synen på medborgarens ansvar. Genom att undersöka 90-talsprogrammet och analysera materialet utifrån teorin och genom att jämföra synsätt från olika perioder, kan man skapa en bild av hur socialdemokraternas syn på medborgaren sett ut och varit betydelsefull under denna period.

Published
2023

15. Nitrate fertilization may delay autumn leaf senescence, while amino acid treatments do not

Author

Fataftah, Nazeer, Edlund, Erik, Lihavainen, Jenna, Bag, Pushan, Björkén, Lars, Näsholm, Torgny, Jansson, Stefan, Fataftah, Nazeer, Edlund, Erik, Lihavainen, Jenna, Bag, Pushan, Björkén, Lars, Näsholm, Torgny, and Jansson, Stefan

Abstract

Fertilization with nitrogen (N)-rich compounds leads to increased growth but may compromise phenology and winter survival of trees in boreal regions. During autumn, N is remobilized from senescing leaves and stored in other parts of the tree to be used in the next growing season. However, the mechanism behind the N fertilization effect on winter survival is not well understood, and it is unclear how N levels or forms modulate autumn senescence. We performed fertilization experiments and showed that treating Populus saplings with inorganic nitrogen resulted in a delay in senescence. In addition, by using precise delivery of solutes into the xylem stream of Populus trees in their natural environment, we found that delay of autumn senescence was dependent on the form of N administered: inorganic N ((Formula presented.)) delayed senescence, but amino acids (Arg, Glu, Gln, and Leu) did not. Metabolite profiling of leaves showed that the levels of tricarboxylic acids, arginine catabolites (ammonium, ornithine), glycine, glycine-serine ratio and overall carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio were affected differently by the way of applying NO3− and Arg treatments. In addition, the onset of senescence did not coincide with soluble sugar accumulation in control trees or in any of the treatments. We propose that different regulation of C and N status through direct molecular signaling of NO3− and/or different allocation of N between tree parts depending on N forms could account for the contrasting effects of NO3− and tested here amino acids (Arg, Glu, Gln, and Leu) on autumn senescence.

Published
2022
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18. Stem girdling affects the onset of autumn senescence in aspen in interaction with metabolic signals

Author

Lihavainen, Jenna, Edlund, Erik, Björkén, Lars, Bag, Pushan, Robinson, Kathryn M., Jansson, Stefan, Lihavainen, Jenna, Edlund, Erik, Björkén, Lars, Bag, Pushan, Robinson, Kathryn M., and Jansson, Stefan

Abstract

Autumn senescence in aspen (Populus tremula) is precisely timed every year to relocate nutrients from leaves to storage organs before winter. Here we demonstrate how stem girdling, which leads to the accumulation of photosynthates in the crown, influences senescence. Girdling resulted in an early onset of senescence, but the chlorophyll degradation was slower and nitrogen more efficiently resorbed than during normal autumn senescence. Girdled stems accumulated or retained anthocyanins potentially providing photoprotection in senescing leaves. Girdling of one stem in a clonal stand sharing the same root stock did not affect senescence in the others, showing that the stems were autonomous in this respect. One girdled stem with unusually high chlorophyll and nitrogen contents maintained low carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio and did not show early senescence or depleted chlorophyll level unlike the other girdled stems suggesting that the responses depended on the genotype or its carbon and nitrogen status. Metabolite analysis highlighted that the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, salicylic acid pathway, and redox homeostasis are involved in the regulation of girdling-induced senescence. We propose that disrupted sink-source relation and C/N status can provide cues through the TCA cycle and phytohormone signaling to override the phenological control of autumn senescence in the girdled stems.

Published
2021
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20. Autumn senescence in aspen is not triggered by day length

Author

Michelson, Ingrid H., Ingvarsson, Pär K., Robinson, Kathryn M., Edlund, Erik, Eriksson, Maria E., Nilsson, Ove, Jansson, Stefan, Michelson, Ingrid H., Ingvarsson, Pär K., Robinson, Kathryn M., Edlund, Erik, Eriksson, Maria E., Nilsson, Ove, and Jansson, Stefan

Abstract

Autumn senescence in mature aspens, grown under natural conditions, is initiated at almost the same date every year. The mechanism of such precise timing is not understood but we have previously shown that the signal must be derived from light. We studied variation in bud set and autumn senescence in a collection of 116 natural Eurasian aspen (Populus tremula) genotypes, from 12 populations in Sweden and planted in one northern and one southern common garden, to test the hypothesis that onset of autumn senescence is triggered by day length. We confirmed that, although bud set seemed to be triggered by a critical photoperiod/day length, other factors may influence it. The data on initiation of autumn senescence, on the other hand, were incompatible with the trigger being the day length per se, hence the trigger must be some other light-dependent factor.

Published
2018
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21. Contrasting patterns of cytokinins between years in senescing aspen leaves

Author

Edlund, Erik, Novak, Ondrej, Karady, Michael, Ljung, Karin, Jansson, Stefan, Edlund, Erik, Novak, Ondrej, Karady, Michael, Ljung, Karin, and Jansson, Stefan

Abstract

Cytokinins are plant hormones that typically block or delay leaf senescence. We profiled 34 different cytokinins/cytokinin metabolites (including precursors, conjugates and degradation products) in leaves of a free-growing mature aspen (Populus tremula) before and after the initiation of autumnal senescence over three consecutive years. The levels and profiles of individual cytokinin species, or classes/groups, varied greatly between years, despite the fact that the onset of autumn senescence was at the same time each year, and senescence was not associated with depletion of either active or total cytokinin levels. Levels of aromatic cytokinins (topolins) were low and changed little over the autumn period. Diurnal variations and weather-dependent variations in cytokinin content were relatively limited. We also followed the expression patterns of all aspen genes implicated as having roles in cytokinin metabolism or signaling, but neither the pattern of regulation of any group of genes nor the expression of any particular gene supported the notion that decreased cytokinin signaling could explain the onset of senescence. Based on the results from this tree, we therefore suggest that cytokinin depletion is unlikely to explain the onset of autumn leaf senescence in aspen.

Published
2017
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22. Volkswagen – A global cheating : A descriptive research about the giant´s emission scandal and the broad impact

Author

Edlund, Erik and de Bourgh, Oscar

Subjects
Bolagsskandaler, BP, VW
Abstract

Genom åren har ett flertal bolag världen över involverats i olika slags skandaler, en del som rena brott och andra som skylls på misstag eller olyckshändelser. Några av det större slaget är t.ex. BP-skandalen där miljontals fat med olja läckte ut i mexikanska golfen, detta skylldes på en olyckshändelse. Andra exempel är Enron som gjorde ett rent bedrägeri i form av bokföringsbrott eller Stora Enso som sysslade med barnarbete i utvecklingsländer, vilket blossade upp som en skandal i form av bolagsetiska värderingar. Den senaste och också en av de mest allvarligaste i historien skedde nyligen under hösten 2015. Det var då som Volkswagenkoncernen ertappades med sitt utsläppsskandalsfusk som kommit att kallas ”Dieselgate-skandalen”. Där såg den amerikanska miljömyndigheten att VW hade en mjukvara som lurade testsystem vad gäller utsläpp, bilarna från denna koncern har alltså under perioden som miljökravet Euro 5 gällde, släppt ut betydligt högre utsläppsvärden än angivet och tillåtet. Vi tittar i denna uppsats på orsaker och förutsättningar för att ett sådant fusk skall uppkomma och dess påverkan, det påverkar inte alltid negativt med skandaler vilket vi kommer att gå igenom. Det kan också vara positivt för ett bolag då omstruktureringar ofta görs, även budgetar styrs om och kan driva utveckling framåt. Through the years, a number of companies worldwide have been involved in various of scandals, some as pure crime and other have blamed on mistakes or accidents. Some of the larger scandals are the BP scandal where millions of barrels of oil leaked out into the Gulf of Mexico, this was blamed on an accident. Another example is Enron, which made a dishonest accounting. Stora Enso dealt with child labor in some developing countries, which flared up as a scandal in the form of corporate ethical values. The latest and also one of the most serious scandal in the history took place recently in the autumn of 2015. It was when the Volkswagen group was caught with its emission cheating scandal that came to be known as the "diesel gate” -scandal. This was seen by the US Environmental Protection Agency that VW had software that fooled the test system in terms of emissions, the cars from this concern has under the environmentally period of Euro 5, had a significantly higher values ​​of exhaust gases than specified and permitted. In this essay we study the causes and conditions for why such a cheating occurs and its impacts. It might not always affect a company negative when they are involved in a scandal, which we will go through. It can also be positive for a corporation when the restructuring is done, also the budgets are often redesigned and can speed up the development into new sectors.

Published
2016

25. Volkswagen - Ett globalt fusk : En deskriptiv studie om biljättens utsläppsskandal och dess påverkan

Author

Edlund, Erik, de Bourgh, Oscar, Edlund, Erik, and de Bourgh, Oscar

Abstract

Genom åren har ett flertal bolag världen över involverats i olika slags skandaler, en del som rena brott och andra som skylls på misstag eller olyckshändelser. Några av det större slaget är t.ex. BP-skandalen där miljontals fat med olja läckte ut i mexikanska golfen, detta skylldes på en olyckshändelse. Andra exempel är Enron som gjorde ett rent bedrägeri i form av bokföringsbrott eller Stora Enso som sysslade med barnarbete i utvecklingsländer, vilket blossade upp som en skandal i form av bolagsetiska värderingar. Den senaste och också en av de mest allvarligaste i historien skedde nyligen under hösten 2015. Det var då som Volkswagenkoncernen ertappades med sitt utsläppsskandalsfusk som kommit att kallas ”Dieselgate-skandalen”. Där såg den amerikanska miljömyndigheten att VW hade en mjukvara som lurade testsystem vad gäller utsläpp, bilarna från denna koncern har alltså under perioden som miljökravet Euro 5 gällde, släppt ut betydligt högre utsläppsvärden än angivet och tillåtet. Vi tittar i denna uppsats på orsaker och förutsättningar för att ett sådant fusk skall uppkomma och dess påverkan, det påverkar inte alltid negativt med skandaler vilket vi kommer att gå igenom. Det kan också vara positivt för ett bolag då omstruktureringar ofta görs, även budgetar styrs om och kan driva utveckling framåt., Through the years, a number of companies worldwide have been involved in various of scandals, some as pure crime and other have blamed on mistakes or accidents. Some of the larger scandals are the BP scandal where millions of barrels of oil leaked out into the Gulf of Mexico, this was blamed on an accident. Another example is Enron, which made a dishonest accounting. Stora Enso dealt with child labor in some developing countries, which flared up as a scandal in the form of corporate ethical values. The latest and also one of the most serious scandal in the history took place recently in the autumn of 2015. It was when the Volkswagen group was caught with its emission cheating scandal that came to be known as the "diesel gate” -scandal. This was seen by the US Environmental Protection Agency that VW had software that fooled the test system in terms of emissions, the cars from this concern has under the environmentally period of Euro 5, had a significantly higher values ​​of exhaust gases than specified and permitted. In this essay we study the causes and conditions for why such a cheating occurs and its impacts. It might not always affect a company negative when they are involved in a scandal, which we will go through. It can also be positive for a corporation when the restructuring is done, also the budgets are often redesigned and can speed up the development into new sectors.

Published
2016

26. Autumn Senescence in Populus tremula

Author

Edlund, Erik

Abstract

The study that was conducted in this thesis confirmed that northern aspens enter into senescence earlier and the duration of their senescence period is shorter in general compared to the more southern growing aspen ecotypes. This indicates that finishing senescence faster has a high evolutionary value the further north a tree is located. The effects of girdling and the impact it had on autumn senescence were also studied. The loss of phloem transport in girdled trees resulted in that the tree accumulated sugars that promotes the tree into a much earlier senescence and also heavily increases the anthocyanin production during the senescence initiation. These effects seem to be a response to the sugar accumulation that takes place in the tree crown as a result of the girdling. Nitrogen levels were also lower in the girdled trees but the salvage efficiency of nitrogen in the leaves increased.

Published
2009

27. Utvärdering av 3dvia Composer : -För arbetsinstruktioner och beredning

Author

Diffner, Björn and Edlund, Erik

Subjects
Manufacturing engineering, Produktionsteknik, Digital Manufacturing, Work Instructions, Monteringsinstruktioner, Arbetsinstruktioner, Dassault Systémes, 3dvia Composer
Abstract

With recent technical development computer aided design and manufacturing has taken amore important role in the product life cycle. New business segments such as Product/ServiceSystems and remanufacturing is emerging. This development demands better control of theproduct data throughout the entire product life cycle. Computer aided design is widelyrecognized and used within the manufacturing industries and in recent years the importance ofDigital manufacturing has increased. One part of Digital manufacturing is paperlessproduction which involves all orders and working instruction shown for example on a screenrather than on a piece of paper. In order to aid companies in creating better workinginstructions Dassault Systémes has launched the product 3Dvia Composer.The company DELFOi is working with digital manufacturing on the Nordic market and is areseller of Dassault Systémes products. DELFOi wants to know if 3Dvia Composer hasanything valuable to add to their product portfolio, what profits may be gained from it andwhat type of costumers that can make use of the product. DELFOi also wants to know whatparts of the product life cycle that can be covered by 3Dvia Composer and how to implementthe program into their product portfolio.To achieve this five companies that operate in different parts of the product life cycle wasinterviewed in order to map how they work with instructions and to identify their needsregarding their methodology. Theories about man/machine-interface have been studied andthese theories, together with the result from the interviews, form the base from which thepossibilities of 3Dvia Composer are evaluated. The software is also compared to other similarsoftware in a benchmarking. A document that describes the implementation process for 3DviaComposer at a customer site is compiled and presented.The study shows that interactive working instructions has a lot of advantages and can solve alot of problems related to work instructions that are identified in this study. 3Dvia Composeris a competent software for creating interactive work instructions. Regardless, great deals ofresources are required to sell 3Dvia Composer due to that most companies, even though theyidentify a lot of problems, seem satisfied with the current method for working instructions,and therefore do not seek change. I takt med den tekniska utvecklingen har datorstödd konstruktion och produktion blivit en alltviktigare del i produktlivscykeln. Nya affärsområden såsom funktionsförsäljning ochåtertillverkning där tillverkande företag har tagit på sig ett allt större ansvar för helaproduktlivscykeln har växt fram på senare tid. Detta ställer allt högre krav på att ha kontrollöver produktdata under hela produktlivscykeln. Datorstödd konstruktion är sedan länge utbrettoch etablerat inom industrin och på senare år har även digital manufacturing , med i vilketPapperslös produktion är en del fått en allt större betydelse. Papperslös produktion innebär attalla order och arbetsinstruktioner visas t.ex. på en skärm istället för i pappersform. För atthjälpa företag att bereda bättre arbetsinstruktioner har Dassault Systémes lanserat produkten3Dvia Composer.Företaget DELFOi arbetar med digital manufacturing på den nordiska marknaden och äråterförsäljare av Dassault Systémes produkter. DELFOi önskar veta om 3Dvia Composer ären produkt som tillför produktportföljen något och vilka vinster den kan ge deras kunder. Detär även viktigt att företaget har en modell som kan användas för att marknadsföra ochimplementera Composer framgångsrikt hos kund.För att utreda detta intervjuades fem företag som bereder instruktioner för olika delar avproduktlivscykeln. Deras arbetssätt kring arbetsinstruktioner kartlades, samt behov och bristeri arbetssätt identifierades. Teorier för människa/maskin-gränssnitt och elektroniskaarbetsinstruktioner studerades. Utifrån dessa teorier och resultatet från intervjuernautvärderades sedan 3Dvia Composers kompetens för framtagning av arbetsinstruktioner.Programvaran jämfördes också med konkurrerande program i en benchmarking. Slutligenarbetades metodik och dokument fram för hur DELFOi kan implementera 3Dvia Composerhos kund.Detta arbete visar att interaktiva arbetsinstruktioner har många fördelar och kan lösa många avde problem som företag idag identifierar relaterat till beredning av arbetsinstruktioner och3Dvia Composer är en kompetent programvara för att uppnå detta. Det kommer dock attkrävas stora arbetsresurser för att sälja 3Dvia Composer, eftersom de flesta företag, trots enrad uttalade problem, är nöjda med dagens arbetsmetodik och därför har svårt att söka nyalösningar på problemen.

Published
2009

28. Evaluation of 3dvia Composer : -for working instructions and processplanning

Author

Diffner, Björn and Edlund, Erik

Subjects
Manufacturing engineering, Produktionsteknik, Digital Manufacturing, Work Instructions, Monteringsinstruktioner, Arbetsinstruktioner, Dassault Systémes, 3dvia Composer
Abstract

With recent technical development computer aided design and manufacturing has taken amore important role in the product life cycle. New business segments such as Product/ServiceSystems and remanufacturing is emerging. This development demands better control of theproduct data throughout the entire product life cycle. Computer aided design is widelyrecognized and used within the manufacturing industries and in recent years the importance ofDigital manufacturing has increased. One part of Digital manufacturing is paperlessproduction which involves all orders and working instruction shown for example on a screenrather than on a piece of paper. In order to aid companies in creating better workinginstructions Dassault Systémes has launched the product 3Dvia Composer.The company DELFOi is working with digital manufacturing on the Nordic market and is areseller of Dassault Systémes products. DELFOi wants to know if 3Dvia Composer hasanything valuable to add to their product portfolio, what profits may be gained from it andwhat type of costumers that can make use of the product. DELFOi also wants to know whatparts of the product life cycle that can be covered by 3Dvia Composer and how to implementthe program into their product portfolio.To achieve this five companies that operate in different parts of the product life cycle wasinterviewed in order to map how they work with instructions and to identify their needsregarding their methodology. Theories about man/machine-interface have been studied andthese theories, together with the result from the interviews, form the base from which thepossibilities of 3Dvia Composer are evaluated. The software is also compared to other similarsoftware in a benchmarking. A document that describes the implementation process for 3DviaComposer at a customer site is compiled and presented.The study shows that interactive working instructions has a lot of advantages and can solve alot of problems related to work instructions that are identified in this study. 3Dvia Composeris a competent software for creating interactive work instructions. Regardless, great deals ofresources are required to sell 3Dvia Composer due to that most companies, even though theyidentify a lot of problems, seem satisfied with the current method for working instructions,and therefore do not seek change. I takt med den tekniska utvecklingen har datorstödd konstruktion och produktion blivit en alltviktigare del i produktlivscykeln. Nya affärsområden såsom funktionsförsäljning ochåtertillverkning där tillverkande företag har tagit på sig ett allt större ansvar för helaproduktlivscykeln har växt fram på senare tid. Detta ställer allt högre krav på att ha kontrollöver produktdata under hela produktlivscykeln. Datorstödd konstruktion är sedan länge utbrettoch etablerat inom industrin och på senare år har även digital manufacturing , med i vilketPapperslös produktion är en del fått en allt större betydelse. Papperslös produktion innebär attalla order och arbetsinstruktioner visas t.ex. på en skärm istället för i pappersform. För atthjälpa företag att bereda bättre arbetsinstruktioner har Dassault Systémes lanserat produkten3Dvia Composer.Företaget DELFOi arbetar med digital manufacturing på den nordiska marknaden och äråterförsäljare av Dassault Systémes produkter. DELFOi önskar veta om 3Dvia Composer ären produkt som tillför produktportföljen något och vilka vinster den kan ge deras kunder. Detär även viktigt att företaget har en modell som kan användas för att marknadsföra ochimplementera Composer framgångsrikt hos kund.För att utreda detta intervjuades fem företag som bereder instruktioner för olika delar avproduktlivscykeln. Deras arbetssätt kring arbetsinstruktioner kartlades, samt behov och bristeri arbetssätt identifierades. Teorier för människa/maskin-gränssnitt och elektroniskaarbetsinstruktioner studerades. Utifrån dessa teorier och resultatet från intervjuernautvärderades sedan 3Dvia Composers kompetens för framtagning av arbetsinstruktioner.Programvaran jämfördes också med konkurrerande program i en benchmarking. Slutligenarbetades metodik och dokument fram för hur DELFOi kan implementera 3Dvia Composerhos kund.Detta arbete visar att interaktiva arbetsinstruktioner har många fördelar och kan lösa många avde problem som företag idag identifierar relaterat till beredning av arbetsinstruktioner och3Dvia Composer är en kompetent programvara för att uppnå detta. Det kommer dock attkrävas stora arbetsresurser för att sälja 3Dvia Composer, eftersom de flesta företag, trots enrad uttalade problem, är nöjda med dagens arbetsmetodik och därför har svårt att söka nyalösningar på problemen.

Published
2009

42. Autumn senescence in aspen is not triggered by day length.

Author

Michelson IH, Ingvarsson PK, Robinson KM, Edlund E, Eriksson ME, Nilsson O, and Jansson S

Subjects
Adaptation, Physiological, Flowers physiology, Freezing, Quantitative Trait, Heritable, Photoperiod, Populus growth & development, Seasons
Abstract

Autumn senescence in mature aspens, grown under natural conditions, is initiated at almost the same date every year. The mechanism of such precise timing is not understood but we have previously shown that the signal must be derived from light. We studied variation in bud set and autumn senescence in a collection of 116 natural Eurasian aspen (Populus tremula) genotypes, from 12 populations in Sweden and planted in one northern and one southern common garden, to test the hypothesis that onset of autumn senescence is triggered by day length. We confirmed that, although bud set seemed to be triggered by a critical photoperiod/day length, other factors may influence it. The data on initiation of autumn senescence, on the other hand, were incompatible with the trigger being the day length per se, hence the trigger must be some other light-dependent factor., (© 2017 The Authors. Physiologia Plantarum published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Scandinavian Plant Physiology Society.)

Published
2018
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