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3. Tangible user interfaces for peripheral interaction : episodic engagement with objects of physical, digital & social significance

Author

Edge, D. K.

Subjects
004
Abstract

This dissertation describes how TUIs (Tangible User Interfaces) can support a “peripheral” style of interaction, in which users engage in short, dispersed episodes of low-attention interaction with digitally-augmented physical tokens. The application domain in which I develop this concept is the office context, where physical tokens can represent items of common interest to members of a team whose work is mutually interrelated, but predominantly performed independently by individuals at their desks. An “analytic design process” is introduced as a way of developing TUI designs appropriate for their intended contexts of use. This process is then used to present the design of a bimanual desktop TUI that complements the existing workstation, and encourages peripheral interaction in parallel with workstation-intensive tasks. Implementation of a prototype TUI is then described, comprising “task” tokens for work-time management, “document” tokens for face-to-face sharing of collaborative documents, and “contact” tokens for awareness of other team members’ status and workload. Finally, evaluation of this TUI is presented via description of its extended deployment in a real office context. The main empirically-grounded results of this work are a categorisation of the different ways in which users can interact with physical tokens, and an identification of the qualities of peripheral interaction that differentiate it from other interaction styles. The foremost benefits of peripheral interaction were found to arise from the freedom with which tokens can be appropriated to create meaningful information structures of both cognitive and social significance, in the physical desktop environment and beyond.

Published
2008

11. An Analysis of Mathematics Course Sequences for Low Achieving Students at a Comprehensive Technical High School

Author

Edge, D. Michael

Abstract

This non-experimental study attempted to determine how the different prescribed mathematic tracks offered at a comprehensive technical high school influenced the mathematics performance of low-achieving students on standardized assessments of mathematics achievement. The goal was to provide an analysis of any statistically significant differences in student achievement, as related to the prescribed tracks the below proficient students in the high school were enrolled in. Ex-post facto data collected by the school district for all students entering the different tracks was analyzed for test years 2006 through 2010. The statistical analysis utilized descriptive statistics and an ANOVA to compare the mean scores of the tracks and perform analysis of the data. The analysis tried to determine whether the any of the course sequences provided a statistical significantly impact on the mathematics achievement as measured by the Integrated Mathematics I final exam. Descriptive statistics showed Track II students' mean scores were higher than their counterparts in Tracks I or III. An ANOVA determined the difference in the final exam scores was statically significant. When considering other factors such as gender or Socio-Economic Status, there was found to be no significant difference between the groups. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]

Published
2011

12. A cluster randomised controlled trial of a ward-based intervention to improve access to psychologically-informed care and psychological therapy for mental health in-patients

Author

Berry, K, Raphael, J, Wilson, H, Bucci, S, Drake, RJ, Edge, D, Emsley, R, Gilworth, G, Lovell, K, Odebiyi, B, Price, O, Sutton, M, Winter, R, Haddock, G, Berry, K, Raphael, J, Wilson, H, Bucci, S, Drake, RJ, Edge, D, Emsley, R, Gilworth, G, Lovell, K, Odebiyi, B, Price, O, Sutton, M, Winter, R, and Haddock, G

Abstract

BACKGROUND: There is good evidence that psychological interventions improve patient well-being and independent living, but patients on acute mental health wards often do not have access to evidence-based psychological therapies which are strongly advised by NICE guidance for severe mental health problems. The overall aim of this programme of work is to increase patient access to psychological therapies on acute mental health inpatient wards. Stage one of the programme (which is complete) aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to delivering therapy in these settings through a large qualitative study. The key output of stage one was an intervention protocol that is designed to be delivered on acute wards to increase patient access to psychologically-informed care and therapy. Stage two of the programme aims to test the effects of the intervention on patient wellbeing and serious incidents on the ward (primary outcomes), patient social functioning and symptoms, staff burnout, ward atmosphere from staff and patient perspectives and cost effectiveness of the intervention (secondary outcomes). METHODS: The study is a single blind, pragmatic, cluster randomised controlled trial and will recruit thirty-four wards across England that will be randomised to receive the new intervention plus treatment as usual, or treatment as usual only. Primary and secondary outcomes will be assessed at baseline and 6-month and 9-month follow-ups, with serious incidents on the ward collected at an additional 3-month follow-up. DISCUSSION: The key output will be a potentially effective and cost-effective ward-based psychological intervention that increases patient access to psychological therapy in inpatient settings, is feasible to deliver in inpatient settings and is acceptable to patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03950388. Registered 15th May 2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03950388.

Published
2022

13. Health professionals' experiences of and attitudes towards mental healthcare for migrants and refugees in Europe: A qualitative systematic review.

Author

Peñuela-O'Brien, E., Wan, M. W., Edge, D., and Berry, K.

Subjects
IMMIGRANTS, MEDICAL quality control, CULTURE, HEALTH services accessibility, PSYCHOLOGY of refugees, ATTITUDES of medical personnel, SYSTEMATIC reviews, MEDICAL care, PATIENT-centered care, QUALITATIVE research, INTERPROFESSIONAL relations, EMOTIONS, SUPERVISION of employees, THEMATIC analysis, PSYCHIATRIC treatment, MENTAL health services, MENTAL illness, REFLECTION (Philosophy), MEDICAL needs assessment
Abstract

Migrants living in Europe constitute over half of the world's international migrants and are at higher risk of poor mental health than non-migrants, yet also face more barriers in accessing and engaging with services. Furthermore, the quality of care received is shaped by the experiences and attitudes of health professionals. The aim of this review was to identify professionals' attitudes towards migrants receiving mental healthcare and their perceptions of barriers and facilitators to service provision. Four electronic databases were searched, and 23 studies met the inclusion criteria. Using thematic synthesis, we identified three themes: 1) the management of multifaceted and complex challenges associated with the migrant status; 2) professionals' emotional responses to working with migrants; and 3) delivering care in the context of cultural difference. Professionals employed multiple strategies to overcome challenges in providing care yet attitudes towards this patient group were polarized. Professionals described mental health issues as being inseparable from material and social disadvantage, highlighting a need for effective collaboration between health services and voluntary organizations, and partnerships with migrant communities. Specialist supervision, reflective practice, increased training for professionals, and the adoption of a person-centered approach are also needed to overcome the current challenges in meeting migrants' needs. The challenges experienced by health professionals in attempting to meet migrant needs reflect frustrations in being part of a system with insufficient resources and without universal access to care that effectively stigmatizes the migrant status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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16. Looking Back to Move Forward: Reflections on the Strengths and Challenges of the COVID-19 UK Mental Health Research Response

Author

Demkowicz, O., Panayiotou, M., Parsons, S., Feltham, A., Arseneault, L., Ingram, B., Patalay, P., Edge, D., Pierce, M., Creswell, C., Victor, C., O'Connor, R.C., Qualter, P., Demkowicz, O., Panayiotou, M., Parsons, S., Feltham, A., Arseneault, L., Ingram, B., Patalay, P., Edge, D., Pierce, M., Creswell, C., Victor, C., O'Connor, R.C., and Qualter, P.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 237675.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access), In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, the swift response of mental health research funders and institutions, service providers, and academics enabled progress toward understanding the mental health consequences. Nevertheless, there remains an urgent need to understand the true extent of the short- and long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health, necessitating ongoing research. Although the speed with which mental health researchers have mobilized to respond to the pandemic so far is to be commended, there are valid concerns as to whether speed may have compromised the quality of our work. As the pandemic continues to evolve, we must take time to reflect on our initial research response and collectively consider how we can use this to strengthen ensuing COVID-19 mental health research and our response to future crises. Here, we offer our reflections as members of the UK mental health research community to discuss the continuing progress and persisting challenges of our COVID-19 response, which we hope can encourage reflection and discussion among the wider research community. We conclude that (1) Fragmentation in our infrastructure has challenged the efficient, effective and equitable deployment of resources, (2) In responding quickly, we may have overlooked the role of experts by experience, (3) Robust and open methods may have been compromised by speedy responses, and (4) This pandemic may exacerbate existing issues of inequality in our workforce.

Published
2021

19. Experiences of a transdiagnostic group, the Take Control Course, for clients with common mental health problems: A qualitative study

Author

Morris, LE, Mansell, W, Amos, R, and Edge, D

Subjects
Adult, Male, Depressive Disorder, mindfulness, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, group therapy, Interviews as Topic, primary care, England, Patient Satisfaction, transdiagnostic, depression, Psychotherapy, Group, Humans, Female, Research Articles, Qualitative Research, Research Article, Program Evaluation
Abstract

Objectives\ud Despite the promising effectiveness findings for transdiagnostic groups, studies have not explored clients' experiences. There is a risk that clients could perceive that the content of transdiagnostic groups is not sufficiently tailored to their specific problems. Our aims were to examine whether a brief transdiagnostic group, the Take Control Course (TCC), was acceptable to participants and to explore participants' perceptions of psychological change.\ud \ud Methods\ud Qualitative data were collected via 12 semistructured, in‐depth interviews. Data collection and thematic analysis were concurrent and iterative.\ud \ud Results\ud Three superordinate themes were identified: “Style and format,” “Control and flexibility,” and “Change.” The flexible group format was appreciated, as participants felt able to engage at their own pace and adapt relevant aspects. Greater clarity regarding what was within participants' control reduced distress and enabled effective pursuit of valued goals. Participants described significant (predominantly gradual) changes, including substantial improvements within relationships.\ud \ud Conclusions\ud The transdiagnostic format did not prevent participants experiencing the TCC as individually relevant. The flexibility and consistent theoretical framework seemed to contribute to this. The results indicated that greater consideration of control and mindfulness allowed greater cognitive flexibility, an ability to reprioritize and let go of unhelpful habits, which better enabled participants to meet their goals. Implications for group therapy include (a) clearly explaining the format of such groups to clients and (b) providing flexibility in the way the group is delivered where possible. Additional qualitative studies of transdiagnostic groups are required to establish if themes generalize to other transdiagnostic groups.

Published
2018

25. Exploring functional impairment in young people at ultra-high risk for psychosis: A qualitative study

Author

Cotter, J, Bucci, S, Drake, RJ, Yung, AR, Carney, R, Edge, D, Cotter, J, Bucci, S, Drake, RJ, Yung, AR, Carney, R, and Edge, D

Abstract

AIM: Many young people at ultra-high risk (UHR) of developing psychosis exhibit marked and persistent impairments in social and occupational functioning. We aimed to explore UHR patients' subjective experiences of these difficulties and their causes. METHODS: We conducted semi-structured interviews with 20 UHR individuals recruited from Early Detection and Intervention Teams in Northwest England. Topics covered included how participants spent their time, their interpersonal relationships, academic and occupational performance, premorbid functioning and clinical treatment. Thematic analysis was used to examine the prevailing themes. RESULTS: The sample included individuals with varying degrees of functional impairment, ranging from mild to severe difficulties in functioning. Analysis of the qualitative data elicited themes around 2 topics: breadth of functional difficulties and subjective reasons for poor functioning. Participants reported a range of impairments in their social and occupational functioning which they attributed to a combination of clinical, cognitive and psychological factors. These included variables previously identified in the quantitative literature such as psychiatric symptoms, adverse life experiences and cognitive deficits. However, our findings also included other factors which have received comparably little attention such as self-stigmatizing attitudes and dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs. CONCLUSIONS: We propose a model that attempts to explain how these variables interact to drive and sustain functional impairment in the UHR population. This will assist in the development of clinical interventions aimed at promoting functional recovery among UHR individuals.

Published
2019

26. Response of the Asian summer monsoons to idealized precession and obliquity forcing in a set of GCMs

Author

Bosmans, J.H.C., Erb, M. P., Dolan, A.M., Drijfhout, S.S., Tuenter, E., Hilgen, F.J., Edge, D., Pope, J. O., Lourens, L.J., Stratigraphy & paleontology, Hydrologie, Sub Physical Oceanography, Stratigraphy and paleontology, Landscape functioning, Geocomputation and Hydrology, Stratigraphy & paleontology, Hydrologie, Sub Physical Oceanography, Stratigraphy and paleontology, and Landscape functioning, Geocomputation and Hydrology

Subjects
Monsoon, Archeology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Orbital forcing, Evolution, Forcing (mathematics), Climate dynamics, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Behavior and Systematics, Paleoclimate modelling, South-east asia, Precipitation, Southern Hemisphere, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, Northern Hemisphere, Multi-model, Geology, Archaeology, 13. Climate action, Climatology, Precession, Indian Ocean Dipole, Environmental Sciences
Abstract

We examine the response of the Indian and East Asian summer monsoons to separate precession and obliquity forcing, using a set of fully coupled high-resolution models for the first time: EC-Earth, GFDL CM2.1, CESM and HadCM3. We focus on the effect of insolation changes on monsoon precipitation and underlying circulation changes, and find strong model agreement despite a range of model physics, parameterization, and resolution. Our results show increased summer monsoon precipitation at times of increased summer insolation, i.e. minimum precession and maximum obliquity, accompanied by a redistribution of precipitation and convection from ocean to land. Southerly monsoon winds over East Asia are strengthened as a consequence of an intensified land-sea pressure gradient. The response of the Indian summer monsoon is less straightforward. Over south-east Asia low surface pressure is less pronounced and winds over the northern Indian Ocean are directed more westward. An Indian Ocean Dipole pattern emerges, with increased precipitation and convection over the western Indian Ocean. Increased temperatures occur during minimum precession over the Indian Ocean, but not during maximum obliquity when insolation is reduced over the tropics and southern hemisphere during northern hemisphere summer. Evaporation is reduced over the northern Indian Ocean, which together with increased precipitation over the western Indian Ocean dampens the increase of monsoonal precipitation over the continent. The southern tropical Indian Ocean as well as the western tropical Pacific (for precession) act as a moisture source for enhanced monsoonal precipitation. The models are in closest agreement for precession-induced changes, with more model spread for obliquity-induced changes, possibly related to a smaller insolation forcing. Our results indicate that a direct response of the Indian and East Asian summer monsoons to insolation forcing is possible, in line with speleothem records but in contrast to what most marine proxy climate records suggest.

Published
2018

29. Response of the Asian summer monsoons to idealized precession and obliquity forcing in a set of GCMs

Author

Stratigraphy & paleontology, Hydrologie, Sub Physical Oceanography, Stratigraphy and paleontology, Landscape functioning, Geocomputation and Hydrology, Bosmans, J.H.C., Erb, M. P., Dolan, A.M., Drijfhout, S.S., Tuenter, E., Hilgen, F.J., Edge, D., Pope, J. O., Lourens, L.J., Stratigraphy & paleontology, Hydrologie, Sub Physical Oceanography, Stratigraphy and paleontology, Landscape functioning, Geocomputation and Hydrology, Bosmans, J.H.C., Erb, M. P., Dolan, A.M., Drijfhout, S.S., Tuenter, E., Hilgen, F.J., Edge, D., Pope, J. O., and Lourens, L.J.

Published
2018

30. Three-dimensional aerodynamic analysis of a subsonic transport high-lift configuration and comparisons with wind-tunnel test results

Author

Edge, D. Christian and Perkins, John N

Subjects
Aerodynamics
Abstract

The sizing and efficiency of an aircraft is largely determined by the performance of its high-lift system. Subsonic civil transports most often use deployable multi-element airfoils to achieve the maximum-lift requirements for landing, as well as the high lift-to-drag ratios for take-off. However, these systems produce very complex flow fields which are not fully understood by the scientific community. In order to compete in today's market place, aircraft manufacturers will have to design better high-lift systems. Therefore, a more thorough understanding of the flows associated with these systems is desired. Flight and wind-tunnel experiments have been conducted on NASA Langley's B737-100 research aircraft to obtain detailed full-scale flow measurements on a multi-element high-lift system at various flight conditions. As part of this effort, computational aerodynamic tools are being used to provide preliminary flow-field information for instrumentation development, and to provide additional insight during the data analysis and interpretation process. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the ability and usefulness of a three-dimensional low-order potential flow solver, PMARC, by comparing computational results with data obtained from 1/8 scale wind-tunnel tests. Overall, correlation of experimental and computational data reveals that the panel method is able to predict reasonably well the pressures of the aircraft's multi-element wing at several spanwise stations. PMARC's versatility and usefulness is also demonstrated by accurately predicting inviscid three-dimensional flow features for several intricate geometrical regions.

Published
1995

31. Critical Time Intervention: a qualitative study of the perspectives of prisoners and staff.

Author

Lennox, C., Stevenson, C., Edge, D., Hopkins, G., Thornicroft, G., Susser, E., Conover, S., Herman, D., Senior, J., and Shaw, J.

Subjects
PRISON release, QUALITATIVE research, CONTINUUM of care, VOLUNTEER service, PRISONERS
Abstract

Release from prison is a vulnerable period, especially for people with severe mental illness. Critical Time Intervention (CTI) can be effective in improving service access and reducing negative outcomes. Nested within a randomised controlled trial of CTI, qualitative interviews were conducted with trial participants in both intervention (CTI) and treatment as usual (TAU) arms, CTI managers delivering the intervention and associated professionals. Data were analysed using a framework approach. Four themes were identified: uncertainty about post-release plans; inadequate housing provision; support during transition; and continuity of care. Interviewees shared common concerns about transition into the community but CTI participants felt less anxious about release and reported receiving more support with housing, access to services and community reintegration than during previous periods of incarceration. Professionals raised concerns about the time-limited nature of CTI and the impact of austerity measures on the availability of support following CTI. Implications for service delivery will be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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33. Contemporary women's secure psychiatric services in the United Kingdom: A qualitative analysis of staff views

Author

Walker, T, Edge, D, Shaw, J, Wilson, H, McNair, L, Mitchell, H, Gutridge, K, Senior, J, Sutton, M, Meacock, R, Abel, K, Walker, T, Edge, D, Shaw, J, Wilson, H, McNair, L, Mitchell, H, Gutridge, K, Senior, J, Sutton, M, Meacock, R, and Abel, K

Abstract

UNLABELLED: WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Three pilot UK-only Women's Enhanced Medium Secure Services (WEMSS) was opened in 2007 to support women's movement from high secure care and provide a bespoke, women-only service. Evidence suggests that women's secure services are particularly challenging environments to work in and staffing issues (e.g., high turnover) can cause difficulties in establishing a therapeutic environment. Research in this area has focused on the experiences of service users. Studies which have examined staff views have focused on their feelings towards women in their care and the emotional burden of working in women's secure services. No papers have made a direct comparison between staff working in different services. WHAT DOES THIS STUDY ADD TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: This is the first study to explore the views and experiences of staff in the three UK WEMSS pilot services and contrast them with staff from women's medium secure services. Drawing upon data from eighteen semi-structured interviews (nine WEMSS, nine non-WEMSS), key themes cover staff perceptions of factors important for women's recovery and their views on operational aspects of services. This study extends our understanding of the experiences of staff working with women in secure care and bears relevance for staff working internationally, as well as in UK services. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: The study reveals the importance of induction and training for bank and agency staff working in women's secure services. Further, regular clinical supervision should be mandatory for all staff so they are adequately supported. ABSTRACT: Introduction Women's Enhanced Medium Secure Services (WEMSS) is bespoke, gender-sensitive services which opened in the UK in 2007 at three pilot sites. This study is the first of its kind to explore the experiences of WEMSS staff, directly comparing them to staff in a standard medium secure service for women. The literature to date has focused on th

Published
2017

34. Culturally-adapted Family Intervention (CaFI) for African-Caribbeans diagnosed with schizophrenia and their families: A feasibility study of implementation and acceptability

Author

Edge, D, Degnan, A, Cotterrill, S, Berry, K, Drake, R, Baker, JA, Barrowclough, C, Bhugra, D, Cahoon, P, Tarrier, N, Lewis, S, and Abel, K

Abstract

Background: African-Caribbeans in the UK have the highest schizophrenia incidence and greatest inequity in access to mental health services of all ethnic groups. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) highlights the crisis in care and urgent need to improve evidence-based mental healthcare, experiences of services and outcomes for this group. Family Intervention (FI) is clinically- and cost- effective for the management of schizophrenia but it is rarely offered. Evidence for FI with minority ethnic groups generally, and African-Caribbeans in particular, is lacking. This study aims to test the feasibility and acceptability of delivering Culturally-adapted Family Intervention (CaFI) to African-Caribbean service users diagnosed with schizophrenia. Methods/Design: This is a feasibility cohort design study. Over a 12-month intervention period, 30 service users and their families, recruited from hospital and community settings, will receive ten one-hourly sessions of CaFI. Where biological families are absent, access to the intervention will be optimised through ‘Family Support Members’; trusted individuals nominated by service users or study volunteers. We shall collect data on eligibility, uptake, retention and attrition and assess the utility and feasibility of collecting various outcome measures including: readmission, service engagement, working alliance, clinical symptoms and functioning, perceived criticism, psychosis knowledge, familial stress, and economic costs. Measures will be collected at baseline, post-intervention and at 3-months’ follow-up using validated questionnaires and standardised interviews. Admission rates and change in care management will be rated by independent case note examination. Variability in the measures will inform sample size estimates for a future trial. Independent raters will assess fidelity to the intervention in 10% of sessions. Feedback at the end of each session along with thematically-analysed qualitative interviews will examine CaFI’s acceptability to service users, families and healthcare professionals. Discussion: This innovative response to inequalities in mental healthcare experienced by African-Caribbeans diagnosed with schizophrenia might improve engagement in services, access to evidence-based interventions and clinical outcomes. Successful implementation of CaFI in this group could pave the way for better engagement and provision across marginalised groups and therefore has potentially important implications for commissioning and service delivery in ethnically-diverse populations. This study will demonstrate whether the approach is feasible, acceptable and can be implemented with fidelity in different settings.

Published
2016

37. RoboCOP

Author

Trinh, H., primary, Asadi, R., additional, Edge, D., additional, and Bickmore, T., additional

Published
2017
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39. The nature and efficacy of culturally-adapted psychosocial interventions for schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author

Degnan, A., Baker, S., Edge, D., Nottidge, W., Noke, M., Press, C. J., Husain, N., Rathod, S., and Drake, R. J.

Subjects
SCHIZOPHRENIA treatment, ADAPTABILITY (Personality), BENCHMARKING (Management), CONFIDENCE intervals, CULTURE, META-analysis, PSYCHOTHERAPY, SYSTEMATIC reviews, EFFECT sizes (Statistics), THEMATIC analysis, TREATMENT effectiveness, SEVERITY of illness index
Abstract

BackgroundEvidence-based psychosocial treatments for schizophrenia founded on Western belief systems and values may not be efficacious in different cultures without adaptation. This systematic review analyses the nature and outcomes of culturally-adapted psychosocial interventions in schizophrenia, examining how interventions have been adapted, their efficacy and what features drive heterogeneity in outcome.MethodArticles identified by searching electronic databases from inception to 3 March 2016, reference lists and previous reviews were independently screened by two authors for eligible controlled trials. Data on the nature of adaptations was analysed inductively using thematic analyses. Meta-analyses were conducted using random effects models to calculate effect sizes (Hedges’ g) for symptoms.ResultsForty-six studies with 7828 participants were included, seven adapted for minority populations. Cultural adaptations were grouped into nine themes: language, concepts and illness models, family, communication, content, cultural norms and practices, context and delivery, therapeutic alliance, and treatment goals. Meta-analyses showed significant post-treatment effects in favour of adapted interventions for total symptom severity (n = 2345, g: −0.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.36 to −0.09), positive (n = 1152, g: −0.56, 95% CI −0.86 to −0.26), negative (n = 855, g: −0.39, 95% CI −0.63 to −0.15), and general (n = 525, g: −0.75, CI −1.21 to −0.29) symptoms.ConclusionsThe adaptation process can be described within a framework that serves as a benchmark for development or assessment of future adaptations. Culturally adapted interventions were more efficacious than usual treatment in proportion to the degree of adaptation. There is insufficient evidence to show that adapted interventions are better than non-adapted interventions. Features of context, intervention and design influenced efficacy. Investigating whether adaptation improves efficacy, most importantly amongst ethnic minorities, requires better designed trials with comparisons against unadapted interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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