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Florida has many ecosystems that are thought of as especially important such as springs, coasts, dry prairies, and the Everglades. One of the ways importance is measured is through value. The term ecosystem services describes the benefits ecosystems and their components provide humans. This publication describes some of the ways to measure ecosystem services and explains how the different approaches to assess ecosystems might be selected, depending on what is most important to the user. This publication should help Extension and outreach agents, as well as agency personnel better understand ecosystem services values and explain them to the public. It should also help interested members of the public who wish to learn more about ecosystem services for themselves.

Increasingly, coastal managers are placing artificial reefs in marine waters. These long-lasting habitat alterations have measurable effects on fish, fishers, divers, fisheries, and marine social ecological systems. Understanding how artificial reefs function is necessary to make good decisions about future artificial reefs. Scientific research on many aspects of artificial reefs is not always summarized and explained. In response to this need, we designed a 4-part series called Artificial Reefs 101. This publication, part 2 of the Artificial Reefs series, explains how artificial reefs affect fish populations. It will help the interested public understand more about the ecological effects of artificial reefs and provide detailed information to stakeholders including management agencies, local governments, artificial reef manufacturers, and Extension agents, to allow for better-informed decisions about building and managing artificial reefs.

Increasingly, coastal managers are placing artificial reefs in marine waters. These long-lasting habitat alterations have measurable effects on fish, fishers, divers, fisheries, and marine social ecological systems. Understanding how artificial reefs function is necessary to make good decisions about future artificial reefs. Scientific research on many aspects of artificial reefs is not always summarized and explained. In response to this need, we designed a 4-part series called Artificial Reefs 101. This publication, Part 1 of the Artificial Reefs 101 series, explains why artificial reefs are built. It defines what artificial reefs are and explains why people build and deploy artificial reefs. It should help the interested public understand how artificial reefs affect marine resources, and provide a background and baseline of information for decision-makers such as local officials, management agency personnel, and Extension agents.

Artificial reefs are constructed to provide several important ecosystem services to coastal communities and fisheries around the world, and their deployment results in significant socio-ecological and economic effects. To understand these effects, this document gives an overview of the agencies and people involved in the use of artificial reefs, how the implementation of these reefs influences their perception, and what issues are associated with their deployment. This document also specifically describes the process by which most artificial reefs are implemented in Florida. While there is extensive research on ecological aspects of artificial reefs and reef fish, there is a need for more research on the effects of the implementation of artificial reefs on humans and the coastal communities and how their respective experiences and perceptions influence artificial reef and fisheries management actions and involvement.

Florida’s Apalachicola Bay has long been known for its oyster harvesting and processing industry, but a steady decline in oyster landings in the Bay has threatened the industry. The complex nature of the human and natural systems that together affect Apalachicola’s oyster reefs has created uncertainty about the long-term sustainability of the oyster fishing industry in Franklin County, which has prompted many questions about the ecology of the Bay and the economy of the region from a variety of stakeholders that directly or indirectly depend on the survival and successful restoration of the Apalachicola Bay oyster fishery. This 5-page fact sheet estimates the potential economic impacts associated with a successfully restored oyster reef in Apalachicola Bay, basing estimates on different hypothetical oyster harvest goals. Written by Robert Botta, Ed Camp, Christa Court, Caleb Stair, and Charles Adams and published by the UF/IFAS Food and Resource Economics Department, it is designed to inform decision making and discussions related to restoration and resource management in the region. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fe1085

Aquaculture is growing in Florida as it is worldwide, but in Florida aquaculture has not yet reached its substantial potential. To understand why this might be, the University of Florida's Institute of Sustainable Food Systems organized and convened a meeting between small-agency, industry, and academic stakeholders to discuss the opportunities and obstacles to aquaculture in Florida. This 6-page fact sheet written by Edward Camp, Taryn Garlock, and James Anderson and published by the UF/IFAS School of Forest Resources and Conservation, Program in Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, describes the proceedings of this meeting in the context of the broader scientific literature explaining why aquaculture ventures do and sometimes do not succeed.

Recruitment, the process by which small fish transition to older, larger life stages, is probably the most important process that regulates populations of fish, but it is complicated to understand. This 6-page fact sheet written by Edward V. Camp, Robert N. M. Ahrens, Angela B. Collins, and Kai Lorenzen and published by the UF/IFAS Program in Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, School of Forest Resources and Conservation explains the recruitment process in fish populations and why recruitment is so important to fisheries science and management. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fa222

Abstract Introduction Adintrevimab is a fully human immunoglobulin G1 extended half-life monoclonal antibody that was developed to have broad neutralization against SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and other SARS-like CoVs with pandemic potential. Here we report the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), serum viral neutralizing antibody (sVNA) titers, and immunogenicity results of the first three cohorts evaluated in the first-in-human study of adintrevimab in healthy adults. Methods This is a phase 1, randomized, placebo-controlled, single ascending-dose study of adintrevimab administered intramuscularly (IM) or intravenously (IV) to healthy adults aged ≥ 18–55 years with no current or prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Participants were randomized 8:2 to adintrevimab or placebo in each of three dose cohorts: adintrevimab 300 mg IM (cohort 1), 500 mg IV (cohort 2), and 600 mg IM (cohort 3). Follow-up was 12 months. Blood samples were taken predose and at multiple time points postdose up to month 12 to assess sVNA, PK, and antidrug antibodies (ADAs). Results Thirty participants received a single dose of adintrevimab (n = 24; 8 per cohort) or placebo (n = 6). All except one adintrevimab participant in cohort 1 completed the study. No participants in any treatment arm experienced a study drug-related adverse event. Across adintrevimab-treated participants, 11 (45.8%) experienced at least one TEAE. All but one TEAE were mild in severity, and all were either viral infection or respiratory symptoms. There were no serious adverse events, discontinuations due to adverse events, or deaths. Adintrevimab exhibited a linear and dose-proportional PK profile and extended serum half-life (mean 96, 89, and 100 days in cohorts 1, 2, and 3, respectively). Participants receiving adintrevimab demonstrated dose-dependent increased sVNA titers and breadth across multiple variants. Conclusion Adintrevimab at doses of 300 mg IM, 500 mg IV, and 600 mg IM was well tolerated in healthy adults. Adintrevimab demonstrated dose-proportional exposure, rapid development of neutralizing antibody titers, and an extended half-life.

Resumo: A transfusão de hemocomponentes é de suma importância e em todo o processo transfusional existem inúmeros cuidados e procedimentos, que contribuem de forma significativa segurança transfusional do paciente. Introdução: Na Agência Transfusional, Grupo GSH Franca/SP foi desenvolvida uma ferramenta, chamada Painel de Monitoramento Contínuo, visando melhor acompanhamento do processo Transfusional a fim de minimizar os eventos adversos no processo. O prontuário eletrônico é vinculado ao Painel de Monitoramento Continuo ficando exposto na agência, demonstrando todo o processo desde a evolução de coleta de amostras, tempo de atendimento, requisição médica, horário da transfusão, número do hemocomponente utilizado, checagem, dupla checagem do hemocomponente, evolução de todo o procedimento realizado, busca ativa do paciente e sinalização de reações transfusionais. Objetivo: Temos como objetivo monitorar e registrar todo Procedimento Transfusional através do Painel, vinculado ao Prontuário Eletrônico do Paciente. O monitoramento é diário de forma On line, desde o início ao término das transfusões a fim de identificar, através de busca ativa qualquer evento adverso, visando excelência no monitoramento e atendimento do serviço de Hemoterapia. Materiais e método: Análise da busca ativa de reações transfusionais é diária realizada através da consulta dos dados inseridos na Evolução da Transfusão no Prontuário eletrônico do Paciente. Resultado: Através da análise dos dados do painel de monitoramento, observou -se rastreabilidade efetiva de todo processo onde podemos acompanhar diariamente os eventos adversos relacionados as transfusões, monitorando assim 100% do processo transfusional. Ao comparar os últimos 03 anos, verificou-se um aumento no percentual de realização em busca ativa após transfusão, em 2020, 76,33%, em 2021 78,30% dos atendimentos realizados 0,08% de suspeita de reações adversas neste período, e em 2022, 98,88% dos atendimentos em 2% dos atendimentos não foi possível realizar a rotina devido a não contato com alguns pacientes e ou familiar após várias tentativas sem sucesso e apenas 0,04% com suspeita de reações adversas foram identificadas através da rotina de busca ativa. Discussão: Após a implementação e utilização desta ferramenta, foi constatado uma melhora significativa no monitoramento do processo transfusional onde o gráfico apresentado mostra que nos últimos três anos houve um aumento no número de transfusões e um aumento na Hemovigilância a partir da busca ativa. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que o número de reações adversas encontradas através de busca ativa é baixo, mas isso não diminui a sua relevância, pois a realização desse acompanhamento diário complementa o monitoramento do processo transfusional aumenta a segurança das transfusões, além de diminuir o risco de subnotificações. Evidenciamos o envolvimento e o comprometimento da equipe da Agencia Transfusional e do Hospital quanto ao processo transfusional, notificando as suspeitas de reações adversas, certificando o bom trabalho realizado periodicamente com foco na Segurança do paciente.

The HIV-1 capsid protein makes up the core of the virion and plays a critical role in early steps of HIV replication. Due to its exposure in the cytoplasm after entry, HIV capsid is a target for host cell factors that act directly to block infection such as TRIM5α and MxB. Several host proteins also play a role in facilitating infection, including in the protection of HIV-1 capsid from recognition by host cell restriction factors. Through an unbiased screening approach, called HIV-CRISPR, we show that the CPSF6-binding deficient, N74D HIV-1 capsid mutant is sensitive to restriction mediated by human TRIM34, a close paralog of the well-characterized HIV restriction factor TRIM5α. This restriction occurs at the step of reverse transcription, is independent of interferon stimulation, and limits HIV-1 infection in key target cells of HIV infection including CD4+ T cells and monocyte-derived dendritic cells. TRIM34 can also restrict some SIV capsids. TRIM34 restriction requires TRIM5α as knockout or knockdown of TRIM5α results in a loss of antiviral activity. Through immunofluorescence studies, we show that TRIM34 and TRIM5α colocalize to cytoplasmic bodies and are more frequently observed to be associated with infecting N74D capsids than with WT HIV-1 capsids. Our results identify TRIM34 as an HIV-1 CA-targeting restriction factor and highlight the potential role for heteromultimeric TRIM interactions in contributing to restriction of HIV-1 infection in human cells.