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US–China trade is widely thought to have contributed significantly to the decline in US manufacturing employment, sometimes called the China syndrome. Flipping the point of view, we examine its impact on Chinese local labor markets between 2000 and 2010. In prefectures most exposed to export growth, there is a pronounced increase in manufacturing employment, primarily among young, low‐educated, rural people and more for blue‐collar workers. Beyond manufacturing, there is a decline in agricultural, yet an expansion in service employment, exhibiting substantial heterogeneity across demographics. The export‐driven structural transformation is profound and long‐lasting out to 2020. Among nonworking people, export growth primarily increases school attendance and the share of people relying on family support, suggesting an income effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aims to ascertain the extent of the gap between the human resources presently available in the Republic of Indonesia (the number of study programs classified into fields of science existing in Indonesian higher education) and those required in the future to realize the Visi Indonesia Emas 2045. Furthermore, it seeks to identify how resource orchestration can narrow this gap through the lens of Resource Orchestration Theory (ROT). Design/Methods/Approach: The study employs a qualitative research methodology utilizing secondary data sources, namely higher education statistical data issued by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology, and gross domestic product industrial data issued by the Indonesian Central Statistics Agency. Findings: This study finds a mismatch between the sector and study program by field of study both nationally and regionally. Nationally, some top sectors are not supported by specific study programs in accordance with their needs. Regionally, there is a mismatch between the distribution of study programs by field of study and the top industries in some region Originality/Value: This research contributes to the existing body of literature on ROT by exploring its applicability to the country’s human resources. While previous studies have employed ROT in organisational settings, this is one of the first to examine the theory in the country-level analysis. Furthermore, research on ROT has typically relied on surveys that are vulnerable to bias. This study, however, employs a distinctive and more comprehensive approach, namely the secondary data analysis. Practical/Policy implication: It is imperative that higher education institutions adopt a resource orchestration theory, which entails discontinuing study programs that fail to reflect the current and future priorities of the industrial sector. This necessitates the establishment of future-oriented programs of study that are aligned with the evolving requirements of the industry and the development of curricula that equip human capital with the skills and knowledge that are required in the future.

The rapid spread of the coronavirus (COVID-19) has brought economies around the world to a complete halt. Given the restrictive measures implemented by governments to mitigate the damage caused by the virus, many sectors of the economy have been severely affected, with tourism being one of the hardest hit. This article aims to explore and evaluate the experiences of small tourism businesses operating on the outskirts in relation to the Tourism Relief Fund provided by the South African government during the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing from an interpretive research paradigm, the study adopted a qualitative approach, using semi-structured interviews to gather data. The resulting data was then analysed using NVivo version 12, which generated a comprehensive observation report. The findings indicated that the South African government made concerted efforts to assist tourism businesses in surviving the worst humanitarian crisis of the 21st century. However, the findings also revealed numerous shortcomings that confirmed existing literature, particularly with regard to unconstitutional qualifying criteria. Furthermore, the study found that businesses, especially informal ones that cater to tourists and provide employment, were frustrated by their ineligibility for the Tourism Relief Fund due to qualifying criteria such as registration. In conclusion, the study recommends that the government and policymakers implement more flexible transformation policies, especially during times of crisis.

The relevance of the study is conditioned by the fact that in recent years the level of regional socio-economic systems development has been significantly affected by various negative factors, and it is necessary to carry out an operational analysis that will help to identify them in a timely manner. Uneven development of regions is characteristic of many countries and is determined by the peculiarities of historical traditions, current economic potential and interrelations with international communities, as well as by state regional policy. The level of innovative development and society digitalization creates conditions for the transition of Russia from a resource-based economy to an investment and innovation economy in order to improve and maintain competitiveness. As a result of the research and study of the scientists’ materials, who have investigated the ways and mechanisms of analyzing regional socio-economic systems formation and development, as well as their impact on the Russian economy development, which at the present stage is reaching a new level in the conditions of sanctions, we have conducted an assessment of regional socio-economic systems and various methods of its implementation.

The transformation of the economy towards sustainable development based on ESG principles is one of the most pressing tasks. This article aims to study the current state of implementation of ESG principles in the context of sustainable development in Kazakhstan and identify critical factors influencing these processes. Special attention is given to the environmental component of ESG development, considering its importance in light of global demographic and technological changes. During the research, general scientific methods of cognition (analysis, synthesis, analogy, generalization, classification), as well as methods of quantitative and qualitative analysis, were applied, allowing for the identification and systematization of critical achievements in implementing ecological aspects of the sustainable development strategy in the republic. The article provides an assessment of Kazakhstan's involvement in adapting the best international practices in the ESG sphere, specifically in the activities of companies. Trends in the change of Kazakhstan's global rankings were analyzed using the Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI) and Sustainable Development Index (SDI). According to the assessments of international experts, a conclusion was drawn about the worsening of Kazakhstan's position. The article gives a detailed characterization of factors hindering the promotion of environmentally responsible investments and reducing the effectiveness of projects for climate change adaptation in the republic. As a result, factors contributing to the successful implementation of ESG development policy in Kazakhstan were identified, and recommendations based on this were given for further activation. The conclusion emphasizes the relevance of continuing research in strengthening the informational support of the ESG development process in the economy, primarily through implementing non-financial reporting.

The intersection of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the circular economy (CE) creates a revolutionary opportunity to redefine economic sustainability and resilience. This review article explores the intricate interplay between IoT technologies and CE economics, investigating how the IoT transforms supply chain management, optimises resources, and revolutionises business models. IoT applications boost efficiency, reduce waste, and prolong product lifecycles through data analytics, real-time tracking, and automation. The integration of the IoT also fosters the emergence of inventive circular business models, such as product-as-a-service and sharing economies, offering economic benefits and novel market opportunities. This amalgamation with the IoT holds substantial implications for sustainability, advancing environmental stewardship and propelling economic growth within emerging CE marketplaces. This comprehensive review unfolds a roadmap for comprehending and implementing the pivotal components propelling the IoT's transformation toward CE economics, nurturing a sustainable and resilient future. Embracing IoT technologies, the authors embark on a journey transcending mere efficiency, heralding an era where economic progress harmonises with full environmental responsibility and the CE's promise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Society: Chinese Journal of Sociology / Shehui is the property of Society: Chinese Journal of Sociology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: The article analyses two transformation variants: the Polish variant and the variant used in the People's Republic of China. This analysis was carried out in the context of the cultural background of both nations. The authors also tried to answer the question to what extent the reform programs of both economies, known as the Balcerowicz Plan and the Beijing Consensus, were culturally compatible and whether they impacted their effectiveness this. The article draws attention to the level of social acceptance of the transformation scenario adopted in the country and the role of both decision-making centralism and economic democracy in the conditions of a market economy. Methodology: The review of literature. Findings: As a result of the literature analysis, it was established that the reforms carried out as a result of the Balcerowicz plan took into account the cultural conditions of the Polish economy to a limited extent, which resulted in incomplete and delayed use of the potential of Polish social and intellectual capital. Chinese reforms, on the other hand, were carried out in a way that was more suited to Chinese realities, which, among other factors, enabled China to develop more dynamically without leading its economy to a periodic collapse caused by the transformation processes. Value of the paper: The article is analytical and synthetic in nature and is addressed to a wide audience, primarily to decision-makers managing the economy at various levels and to students of economics and management. The article is not only retrospective in nature, but also encourages deeper reflection on the future and may be helpful to managers in making economic decisions, in which they should take into account the cultural aspect to a greater extent than before. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Africa is a rapidly changing continent. But for many, it is still an unknown place, shrouded by myths and distorted perceptions. Africa is in many ways still a marginalized continent. But things are certainly changing, and are going to change much more in the near future. This paper examines the debate surrounding the issue of ‘good governance’ and whether it is actually good for development. It offers a concise summary of literature and evidence in the three areas: the ‘good governance’ agenda as it has affected Africa, the research-based response to this, and the implications for Africa’s economic transformation. Thus, the second section discusses the origins of the concern about governance quality in Africa between the 1970s and the 1990s; the third section reviews the rebuttals and reformulations that have led the scholarly debate since the turn of the millennium; the fourth section applies the findings to the challenge of moving Africa on from economic growth to economic transformation; and the fifth section concludes that comprehensive governance improvement is not necessarily a precondition for economic progress in developing Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent African scramble has resulted in uneven and combined development (UCD) in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) throughout the 21st century due to unequal exchange. South Africa plays a sub-imperial role in this scramble in SSA. It both exploits and is exploited. The mining industry in South Africa has attracted interest from colonial powers, English-speaking businesses, and foreign investors, making it a highly lucrative sector. Furthermore, most black South Africans have been employed in the mining industry since the late 19th century. Over the past 25 years, the African National Congress government has utilised the mining industry to achieve economic transformation through black economic empowerment policies. This study proposes that the mining sector in South Africa is responsible for the ongoing UCD, despite receiving new investments and empowerment policies. South Africa's inclusion in BRICS has broadened its range of international partners beyond its traditional Western or African counterparts. However, South Africa's decision to join the BRICS group in 2011 has not yet yielded the expected transformation in the country's economy and growth. As a result, it is uncertain whether South Africa's BRICS membership has addressed the country's persistent problem of UCD. This study argues that South Africa's BRICS membership has exacerbated UCD in the country. This study proposes that Trotsky's UCD analytical framework is useful for analysing South Africa's policy choice to join BRICS, which strengthens its sub-imperial role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the research is to develop and test a methodology for monitoring transformation processes in the economy that intensified after the introduction of sanctions by Western countries (on the example of the IT-industry). The methodology is based on the Harvard paradigm of industry analysis (Structure- Conduct- Performance) and includes five stages. At the first, the basic conditions of the industry are assessed and the demographics of enterprises, industry barriers, intensity of competition and economies of scale are analyzed. The second analyzes the market structure that has developed in the industry and the intensity of competition using the concentration coefficient and the Herfindahl- Hirschman index. At the third stage, the behavior of industry enterprises is analyzed on the basis of summary statements and consolidated reports, as well as median values of indicators for enterprises. In the course of analyzing the behavior of enterprises, their market and operational efficiency, investment and financial activity are assessed. The type of growth and productivity of production factors is established by constructing the industry production function. Particular attention is paid to indicators of transformation processes — added value, labor productivity and return on capital. At the fourth stage, industry enterprises are grouped into four groups according to D. Birch’s method: fast-growing enterprises, large businesses, enterprises implementing an aggressive investment strategy and the rest of small businesses. At the fifth stage, indicators of the effectiveness of state economic policy are assessed. Calculations performed based on data from 2,451 enterprises in the IT industry showed that transformation processes in the industry have intensified, new enterprises are entering the industry, their operational and market activity is increasing, non-current assets and equity capital are growing. However, payments for investment activities do not allow us to draw an unambiguous conclusion about high investment activity; in addition, there is no significant influx of long-term borrowed capital into the industry, which hinders its development. Positive changes in the industry are largely associated with active government policy, which promotes the transition to domestic software, influencing the methods of fiscal policy, while monetary policy instruments are not used actively enough. The methodological basis of the study was formed by general scientific principles and methods: abstraction, generalisation of approaches of foreign and domestic authors to sectoral analysis, grouping, comparison, generalisation, as well as economic and mathematical methods. The result of the work is the methodology of industry monitoring, as well as the indicators of IT-industry development for the period 2018–2022 obtained during its testing. The article may be useful for analysts assessing the development of industries within the framework of industry analysis or industrial policy monitoring.

AbstractBeginning in the early 2010s, many of the cities in China dominated by state-owned enterprises began to attract investment from the country’s more developed east coast, thereby opening the way for their economic development. However, this transition was not consistent across all regions. How can regional variation in this transformation be explained? This article argues that the capacity for local governments to make relatively autonomous decisions regarding the state-owned economic sector has been essential for economic transformation. This is because it is only when they have such independence that local officials will be able to fully employ the policy tools necessary for the institutional reforms that allow them to concentrate the resources needed for development. To demonstrate this argument the article uses a controlled comparison of development in Mianyang and Deyang, two neighbouring cities in Sichuan Province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A number of long-term trends in the Danish economy changed around 1973. The decades before were characterized by the establishment of a welfare state with a high level of social security and an optimistic attitude to public planning. Many periods during the subsequent decades have witnessed a struggle against different specific economic problems, including how to pay for the welfare state. But the whole period since 1973 has been characterized by an overall movement from a national welfare state to a more international and market-oriented economy. The development can be divided into four separate phases based on changes in government and different policies: 1973-1982 is characterized by escalating economic problems, 1982-93 with an improvement in the macroeconomic balance except in employment, and 1993-2001 with a highly successful improvement, including in employment. During the period 2001-2009 the government did not show the same willingness to make reforms, but this period's liberal-conservative government is the symbol of the transformation to a market economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses debates on the role of agency in shaping the economic future of regions. Scholarship on agency departs from the earlier focus of evolutionary economic geography, which highlighted the role of pre-existing structural conditions. This paper challenges the notion that agency is only found in intentional action and is limited to key actors within a region. It questions exclusive focus on the impact of entrepreneurial leaders, place leaders and government, and identifies agency in the accumulated micro-decisions of multiple decision-makers, using the example of workers affected by the closure of Australia's passenger vehicle industry. In so doing, it underscores the twin roles of collective vision and meaningful implementation in the successful transformation of regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article highlights the issues of developing a methodical approach to the analysis and assessment of the competitiveness capability of tourism industry (TI) entities. The main tasks of the study include the analysis of the existing methodical approaches to the assessment of the competitive potential (CP) of business entities and the level of TI development, the justification of the author's methodical approach based on the criteria of transformation of the CP, which allows to determine the level of balance between providers of tourist services and their consumers. The author's methodical approach to the analysis and assessment of the CP of the subjects of the TI is substantiated. The main features of the methodical approaches to assessing the competitive potential of TI entities (CPTIE) are the use of quantitative assessment methods, wide coverage of indicators, an assessment of the entity's strengths and weaknesses, its competitive advantages and relevant conditions for sustainable development, extensive use of the rank method. The proposed methodical model consists of 5 blocks: Block 1 – justification of research elements; Block 2 – determination of research areas; Block 3 – selection of indicators system; Block 4 – calculation of the integral index; Block 5 – transformation of the CPTIE depending on the level of balance/imbalance between suppliers and consumers of tourism services. Each of the blocks contains structural elements of analytical research. The results of the study indicate that the proposed methodical approach to the assessment and analysis of the CPTIE can be used as a basis for developing differentiated approaches to the assessment of transformational changes depending on the phase of their current state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is inadequate knowledge about the relationship between financial openness and economic transformation, particularly in the African context. This lack of knowledge fuels the passion for research, especially with the emergence of new refined indicators of both financial openness and economic transformation. The objective of this paper, therefore, is to assess the impact of financial openness on the economic transformation process using as sample sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries, with study period spanning from 1995 to 2020. To do so, we use the economic complexity index as an indicator of economic transformation, and the KAOPEN index of Chinn and Ito (2006) to capture financial openness. Based on the Instrumental Variables Two-Stage Least Squares (IV-2SLS) technique, we obtain the following results: Firstly, financial openness is a powerful driver of economic transformation in SSA; secondly, our results remain stable following several sensitivity tests related to economic digitization, financial development, types of natural resources, quality of institutions, historical, cultural, and geographic factors; and finally, our results are robust to the use of alternative measures of financial openness and economic transformation, but also to changes in instrumentation and estimation technique. Consistent with our result, we suggest that policymakers should boost the attractiveness for foreign direct and portfolio investments while maintaining fundamental balances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article highlights the issues of developing a methodical approach to the analysis and assessment of the competitiveness capability of tourism industry (TI) entities. The main tasks of the study include the analysis of the existing methodical approaches to the assessment of the competitive potential (CP) of business entities and the level of TI development, the justification of the author's methodical approach based on the criteria of transformation of the CP, which allows to determine the level of balance between providers of tourist services and their consumers. The author's methodical approach to the analysis and assessment of the CP of the subjects of the TI is substantiated. The main features of the methodical approaches to assessing the competitive potential of TI entities (CPTIE) are the use of quantitative assessment methods, wide coverage of indicators, an assessment of the entity's strengths and weaknesses, its competitive advantages and relevant conditions for sustainable development, extensive use of the rank method. The proposed methodical model consists of 5 blocks: Block 1 – justification of research elements; Block 2 – determination of research areas; Block 3 – selection of indicators system; Block 4 – calculation of the integral index; Block 5 – transformation of the CPTIE depending on the level of balance/imbalance between suppliers and consumers of tourism services. Each of the blocks contains structural elements of analytical research. The results of the study indicate that the proposed methodical approach to the assessment and analysis of the CPTIE can be used as a basis for developing differentiated approaches to the assessment of transformational changes depending on the phase of their current state.

The development of the tourism sector has a positive impact on city growth through increased profits and revenues, encouraging competition from city managers in increasing tourist attraction through facilities, investment, employment, and local income. The development of tourism-supporting infrastructure accelerates city growth by increasing population, economic interaction, and land cover transformation. This study identifies the relationship between tourism development, economic transformation, socio-population, and land cover. The 2016-2021 constant price GDP shift-share analysis is used to understand economic transformation, while the 2020-2021 population growth and population density analysis for social aspects. As a result, the socio-population aspect shows a transformation in Batu City, where manufacturing business has shifted to service business as the main occupation, which has an impact on increasing population growth. In land cover, significant changes are seen in built-up, open, plantation, and forest. This research provides a preliminary analysis of the development of the tourism sector from the economic, socio-population, and land cover aspects in 2016-2022. These transformations reflect dynamic changes in the city's economic and social structure, requiring continuous monitoring for better policies.

Technology innovation is the key driving force in achieving economic transformation and development. Financial development and the expansion of higher education can promote technological progress primarily by easing financing constraints and improving the level of human capital. This study examines the impact of financial development and higher education expansion on green technology innovation. It conducts an empirical analysis by constructing a linear panel model and a nonlinear threshold model. The present study sample is based on the urban panel data of China from 2003–2019. (1) Financial development can significantly promote the expansion of higher education. (2) The expansion of higher education can improve energy and environment-based technological progress. (3) Financial development can both directly and indirectly promote green technology evolution by expanding higher education. The joint financial development and higher education expansion can significantly empower green technology innovation. (4) In the process of promoting green technology innovation, financial development has a non-linear influence on it, with higher education as the threshold. The effect of financial development on green technology innovation varies according to the degree of higher education. Based on these findings, we put forward policy proposals for green technology innovation to promote economic transformation and development in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Perspectives on Culture / Perspektywy Kultury is the property of Jesuit University Ignatianum in Krakow and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The mining industry is not only one of Australia's main economic sectors but also one that the country is considered to have managed well. However, little is known about the industry's potential to contribute to the structural change of Australia's economy. We use the national input–output (IO) tables and apply the partial hypothetical extraction method (P‐HEM) within both the Leontief and Gosh IO frameworks to examine the inter‐sectoral linkages of the Australian mining and quarrying sector. Ee find that this sector demonstrates strong backward linkages (BL), but forward linkages (FL) appear to be weak, and they mainly involve non‐metallic materials. The mining and quarrying sector appears to generate linkages with the business services sector and the construction sector, which can potentially contribute to diversifying the economy. Such linkages may be realised via skilling and reallocating skilled labour and technical supplier capacity as well as via developing physical infrastructure that supports existing and new economic sectors. We find that the identified linkage pathways via the construction sector are tied to energy‐intensive but coal‐dependent sectors. Thus, these pathways are vulnerable because of the climate‐related need to move away from combusting coal and invest in cleaner sources of energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the impact of financial technology (fintech) on the transformation of the sharia economy in the digital era. Through literature studies and interviews, the research finds that fintech has brought significant changes to the sharia economy by providing financial access to marginalized Muslim communities. The integration of Islamic economics and fintech is emphasized to ensure efficient, fair, and sharia-compliant financial services. Fintech has facilitated financial access, promoted economic growth, and increased Islamic financial literacy. However, challenges such as regulations, security, and digital literacy need to be addressed through collaboration between stakeholders. Overall, the transformation of the Islamic economy through fintech has the potential to benefit Muslim communities and contribute to sustainable economic growth. [Extracted from the article]

This paper presents a comparative analysis between Nova Lima, Minas Gerais, Brazil, and Lafayette, Louisiana, United States. These two cities share a strong historical connection with extractive industries and are experiencing dynamics of reconfiguration of their economic functions towards a digital economy. Nova Lima has a rich mining heritage, while Lafayette is known for its oil and gas sector. The study examines the sociocultural and symbolic capitals of these spaces, aiming to identify relevant assets for the creation and support of environments conducive to digital economy activities. Using Bourdieu’s theory of practice, the article offers valuable insights into strategies that could be employed by Nova Lima and Lafayette to position themselves as attractive hubs for investments and ventures in the context of the fourth industrial revolution. In this regard, the unique economic, historical, and sociodemographic contexts of the two cities and their implications on the ongoing transformation dynamics are analyzed. Furthermore, the sociocultural and symbolic capitals present in Nova Lima and Lafayette are investigated, highlighting possibilities for their unique application in fostering new businesses and ventures. To this end, a comparative qualitative research approach was used, developed through the case study method. The collected data, through documentary analysis, on-site visits, and semi-structured and in-depth interviews, were subsequently subjected to content analysis by category. The comparative analysis aims to provide contributions to policymakers, urban planners, entrepreneurs, and business leaders of spaces facing the challenges of economic transformation for business environment of the digital era.

The aim of this article is to present a brief history of Lodz in view of historical events leading to the deindustrialization of the city during the period of Poland’s economic transformation. As a “great change” trauma of 1990 to 2004, juvenilization of poverty in Lodz has been documented. This phenomenon seems to be disregarded and unnoticed by architects and implementers of the transition from a centrally planned economy to a market economy.

The global trend of transition to a green economy has become a key component of the development of developed countries. This process is driven by many factors, including growing awareness of climate change, pollution, and the need to ensure the sustainable use of natural resources. Developed countries are actively implementing green technologies, promoting the use of renewable energy sources, and supporting the creation of sustainable infrastructure that helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This trend is also reflected in policy decisions and legislation aimed at encouraging environmentally friendly production and consumption. The green economy is becoming a source of innovation and new opportunities for job creation and increasing the competitiveness of countries in the global market. However, this process also requires serious efforts and investments in the research and development of new technologies, as well as in the training of the workforce for green economy sectors. The global trend of transition to a green economy is an important step in preserving the environment and ensuring sustainable development in the future. The need to transform Ukraine’s economy within the framework of the green economy is a relevant and urgent task. The country is facing complex challenges related to climate change, the depletion of natural resources, and environmental pollution. The green economy is an important instrument for ensuring sustainable development and reducing the negative impact on the environment. The transformation of the economy includes the transition to the use of renewable energy sources, support for energy efficiency, the development of environmentally friendly technologies and green infrastructure projects. This transformation can provide new markets and jobs, foster innovation, and increase Ukraine’s competitiveness in the global market. In addition, the green economy helps to reduce dependence on energy imports and ensures the country’s energy security. The role of the government in creating a favorable legal environment and incentive mechanisms for the development of green technologies and investment in green projects is also important. The coordinated transformation of the economy in a green direction meets global challenges and is a strategic step to ensure sustainable development and improve the quality of life of Ukrainian citizens.

The goal of this paper is to develop a marketing approach during the reorganisation of a university under the impact of competition and the inflow of transnational capital and to test it on the example of Russia's national research universities. For this research, the top 10 universities of Russia are selected. They are included in THE World University Rankings 2021 (they performed the reorganization and are national research universities). T.L. Saaty's hierarchy process, regression analysis, and correlation analysis are used. The approbation of the given recommendations on the example of national research universities of Russia in 2021 shows that the level of favourability of the impact of competition and the inflow of transnational capital on marketing management of quality during the reorganisation is moderate or low. Recommendations for its increase are offered. A marketing approach to quality management during the reorganisation of a university under the impact of competition and the inflow of transnational capital is developed. The approach includes, first, methodological recommendations to evaluate the level of favourability of the impact of competition and the inflow of transnational capital on marketing management of quality during the reorganisation of universities. Second, landmarks of the improvement of marketing results of the increase of quality of Russian universities during the reorganisation based on managing the factors of competition and the inflow of transnational capital.

This paper aims to analyze the evolution of the leading commercial insurance company Česká pojišťovna on the Czech insurance market in the years 1947–2021. Its evolution was closely linked to the processes of building socialism in the 1950s and the federalization of Czechoslovakia at the end of the 1960s. The paper uses qualitative research methods, methods of description and comparison, as well as local micro-historical analyses shall be applied. The main features of insurance products in the period of the totalitarian regime are characterized. Both the economic transformation in the 1990s and globalization in the last decades have had a radical effect on the further development of the analyzed company Česká pojišťovna. In the period after 1989, the development is marked by a focus on changes in the shareholder structure of the analyzed insurance company, and the development of its market share is shown. As a result of demonopolization, new companies could emerge, creating a competitive environment. The leading commercial insurance company Česká pojišťovna’s market share gradually began to decline. AcknowledgmentThis paper was supported by the project SGS/24/2022 “Financial stability determinants of the selected financial institutions”.

The goal of this paper is to determine the impact of quality of education on socioeconomic development of the Kyrgyz Republic in a digital economy and to identify the prospects for enhancing this role in order to assist in the implementation of the Digital Transformation Concept "Digital Kyrgyzstan 2019-2023" and the Digital Agenda of the EEU for 2016-2019-2025. The methodology of regression analysis and forecasting based on the theory of probability using the Monte Carlo method was used to prove that the globalization of education in the Kyrgyz Republic in 2013-2019 hampered the social and economic development of the Kyrgyz Republic, and it is very likely that it will slow down the innovative development and economic growth of this country in 2020. This problem stems from the fact that the digital economy of the Kyrgyz Republic is in a formative stage thus far, and the significance of quality of education in it is contradictory. On the one hand, there is a growing demand for the teaching of digital competencies among the emerging information society, which cannot be met due to the retaining of traditional educational programs. On the other hand, the regulatory framework for digital business is still under development, which reduces the demand for training of digital personnel. In order to address the identified problem, it is recommended to develop an institutional environment and to promote business digitalization in the Kyrgyz Republic. This will make it possible to create a consistent demand for training of digital personnel from society, the State and business, and to promote the key role of quality of education in the digital economy of the Kyrgyz Republic.

The oil palm industry is a strategic and leading sector of agriculture that is developing in Indonesia. Riau is a province in this country that has quite large natural resources in the plantation with the largest contribution being oil palm. This study aims to determine the form of economic transformation based on superior commodities through the development of a sustainable palm oil industry. The study adopts a mixed-method approach, employing a sequential explanatory model to gather a comprehensive understanding of the oil palm industry in Bengkalis Regency, Indonesia. Quantitative data collection precedes qualitative data analysis, allowing for a deeper exploration of the research topic. The analysis units encompass the oil palm industry, households, and village officials, ensuring a holistic examination of the subject. Data collection involves a range of methods, including surveys, interviews, observations, and focus group discussions, engaging diverse stakeholders such as community members, industry representatives, and government officials. Secondary data from relevant agencies and previous research are also integrated. Ethical considerations are emphasized in data collection and dissemination, ensuring transparency and balance in reporting. Overall, the methodology is well-structured and comprehensive, enabling a thorough examination of the industry's sustainability and development. The research results indicate that the oil palm manufacturing industry is a leading sector and has been categorized as sufficiently sustainable based on different perspectives. Through an optimistic scenario, the government must make efforts and total support to improve the important factors that influence the development of the palm oil processing industry in a sustainable manner, including the community empowerment program, future palm oil prospects, implementation of environmental management.

Promoting progress in the digital development of social wealth is the key strategy to promote wealth transformation. The increase has been increasing at present. Increase GDP of national wealth strategy to our country to promote wealth transformation The increase of wealth is increasing at present. This paper proposes recommendations for other regional differences to promote continuous updating of development concepts, innovation-driven development, and optimization of industrial structure to provide a good environment for the digital economy to promote the increase of wealth in increasing construction. With this as the key theory from 2012 to 2019, here we designed an economic measurement model that uses simple linear regression, benchmark test, correlation test, and intermediary effect test to conduct empirical research, measure the current situation, and develop existing grade classification and economic development level, and empirically analyzes the impact of development grade phenomenon on the commonwealth. The results show that different regions have different conditions. At the same time, grade performance contributes to the development of good results economy, with the greatest impact on the West and the least impact on the Center. In general, a subdivision of social hierarchy, the level of the high-quality economy has been improving, parameter problems in different regions roughly describe a stable, rising direction, average values of the national, eastern and central, and western regions in 2007 are 31.11, 37.53 and 27.40, rising to 42.65, 50.11 and 38.34 in 2019, respectively. Thus, the digital economy provides effective and feasible new development ideas and changes in key economic issues and is a key force driving China’s economic growth and an important path to boost common prosperity.

The article considers the methodological concept of economic transformation of the competitive potential of the tourism industry subjects and characterizes the elements of it. The focus is on the stages (phases) of economic transformation of the competitive potential of the tourism industry. The study reveals consistent and regular changes in its development, from turbulence to transformation. Transformation is a long-term process that brings drastic qualitative and quantitative changes to the economy. The principles that govern the economic transformation of the competitive potential of the tourism industry subjects include objectivity, historicism, systematicity, consumer value, reproduction, and smart specialization. The basis of the economic transformational process is a modification of the criteria for evaluating the competitive advantages of the subjects, namely the sustainability, safety, and competitive advantages. Approaches to developing a tourism subject's competitive potential in the post-war period in Ukraine are analyzed. They determine the interdependencies of economic transformation processes, the dynamics of their course, and evolutionary changes (transformation cycle). The economic transformation tools are identified. They depend on transformational changes and require well-considered means and management measures when changing the old model into a new one, which influences the rapidness of changes. The model involves a scheme for evaluating the economic transformational processes using three main criteria of assessment: sustainability, safety, and the competitive advantages of the tourism industry subject. The article presents several scenarios for implementing the model of economic transformation of the competitive potential of the tourism industry entity, describing them as inertial, pessimistic, optimistic, and realistic. Depending on the scenario, a differentiated approach to a mechanism and the corresponding institutional infrastructure for economic transformation of the competitive potential of tourism industry entities are developed. The research findings indicate that the highlighted methodological concept can ensure a high level of development of competitive potential for tourism industry entities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Social Inequalities & Economic Growth / Nierownosci Spoleczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy is the property of University of Rzeszow and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Balkan & Near Eastern Journal of Social Sciences (BNEJSS) is the property of Balkan & Near Eastern Journal of Social Sciences (BNEJSS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Administração FACES Journal is the property of Revista de Administracao FACES Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We study the relationship between educational inequality, income inequality and economic transformation using data of 20 OECD countries from 1870 to 2016. Our results show that educational expansion policies increase income inequality in the long run, while having no significant effect on the short run. The structural transformation suggested by Kuznets (1955) explains this potentially counter intuitive result, where contemporary policy, given its focus on the importance of increasing participation and expanding education, must be predicated on the notion that education expansion should decrease income inequality. We quantify the impact of educational inequality on employment in different sectors and find that education expansion promotes the structural transformation towards a higher wage disparity sector. Particularly, expanding education increases the employment in the service sector and reduces the employment in the agriculture sector. Overall, our findings suggest that educational expansion policies play an important role in economic development via promoting the structural transformation, though this leads to higher income inequality. That education expansion is ineffective in reducing income inequality, and instead exacerbates it in the long run, requires significant policy revision despite the popularity of such policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Transformations in Business & Economics is the property of Vilnius University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

There were a number of economists in early modern Germany who, as their works indicate, faced regular criticism and personal attacks. Again and again, they had to defend and legitimize their work. Such apologetic formulas appear for the first time in the work of the Saxon councilor and writer Melchior von Osse (1506–57). This was no coincidence. Starting from the large and dynamic mining districts of the region, a new variant of economic thinking emerged at the end of the fifteenth century, characterized in particular by the fact that it extended the princely household over the entire territory. Ideas of this kind violated centuries-old scholarly traditions. This concerned both the question of occupations suitable for people of high status as well as the scope of what could legitimately be called a household or economy. The reason for this break with convention was the increasingly capitalist organization of mining, which fostered new forms of spatial imagination and governmental practice. However, irrespective of how important the idea of a territorial economy would become, it also placed a burden on economic scholars who were involved in its early dissemination. The legacy of disrupting the medieval politico-economic order will accompany them for centuries to come. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fiscal and local content policies aimed at promoting linkages between mining and other economic sectors have been informed by theories built on historical observations dating back to the 1950s. This paper contends that there is a need to rethink theories about mining-based economic linkages and the prospects for structural change based on an improved understanding of existing and potential inter-sectoral linkages. Using the input–output tables for Tanzania and Botswana, we apply the Partial Hypothetical Extraction Method within the Leontief and Gosh input–output frameworks to examine the linkages between the mining and quarrying sector and other economic sectors within these two economies. We find that, for Botswana, possible linkage pathways lie in scaling-up coal, soda ash and salt mining and investing in glass, polymer, and chemicals manufacturing. For Tanzania, opportunities for linkage pathways lie with the mining and manufacturing of non-metallic and construction materials as well as metallic minerals and natural gas. For both countries, the prospects for transforming their economies away from a heavy reliance on mineral extraction hinges on leveraging extractives for infrastructure, innovative technology, and technical skills, as well as capturing business opportunities, knowledge, and financial returns to invest in more diversified economic activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]