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ADB's Strategy 2030's first operational priority focuses on addressing remaining poverty and reducing inequalities through a three-pronged strategy: investing in human capital and social protection, facilitating access to good-quality jobs, and reducing inequality of opportunity through such means as removing barriers to access to services and infrastructure, especially for the poor and vulnerable. The Strategy commits ADB to increasing its emphasis on social inclusion and human development to address the non-income dimensions of poverty. This road map provides a framework to support disability-inclusive development, focusing first on short- and medium-term actions and building an inclusive organizational culture that can accelerate and strengthen the implementation of Strategy 2030 goals and priority areas.

At the turn of the 21st Century, Asia pulled one billion people out of poverty in one generation, a meteoric rise suddenly stalled by the COVID-19 pandemic. This volume examines the strengths of the Asian-Pacific response to the pandemic and weaknesses that the region must re-engineer to rebound. It reimagines social and economic pathways to revamp production modes and networks to rekindle sustainable growth. Home to two-thirds of the world's population, the Asia-Pacific Region already accounts for close to half of all global output. By 2050 – after a detour of two centuries and a few pandemics – Asia-Pacific can again become a centrifugal economic and social force. This volume sets out options for policymakers to consider as we head into a new Asia-Pacific Century, one where economic strength will be necessary but insufficient by itself, as inclusion, resilience and sustainability – once seen as moral choices – become imperatives for the planet's future.

This insightful book examines the impact of two competing visions of Asian-Pacific economic growth paths and development governance. It discusses law, development and finance in the context of the Indo-Pacific Strategy versus the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), whilst also comparing parallel development financing systems.Jin Sheng reflects on and connects a series of issues of global significance, such as the economic Cold War, global debt, industrialisation and development in the developing world, and the changing international economic order. In so doing the author posits that the BRI's ultimate objective is to export China's development model, which is characterised by a focus on exports, experimentalism, and oversupply of currency. The book also critically examines China's ambition to dominate the international economic order and set up its own favoured international rules.Alternative Development Finance and Parallel Development Strategies in the Asia-Pacific will be an important read for researchers and policy makers in the fields of law, development and finance in the Asia-Pacific region.

This book explores the fascinating phenomenon of place event marketing in the Asia Pacific region. It examines procedures in the promotion and branding of places that use events to shape their identities. It considers how events are used in forming a branded image of a place and disseminate information about it. This innovative book offers theoretical insights of the opportunities and challenges related to place event marketing. With contributions from leading thinkers in the field, chapters also draw on empirical examples to showcase a variety of events across the Asia Pacific, such as MICE, sporting events, festivals, and religious and cultural celebrations. The book explores the importance of such events for the socio-economic development of urban regions. Today, the Asia Pacific is one of the world's fastest developing regions and its rising economic power is accompanied by the growing importance of the tourism and event sector. The book is a unique study relating to a very exceptional region of the world. The role of events in tourism development and the rise of the region's soft power is presented through carefully selected examples of cities from different countries. The book concludes with commentary on the future directions for research in this area. Written in an accessible style, this book will be of great interest to students, scholars, and practitioners working in events studies, urban studies, tourism, place branding and promotion, business and management studies, geography, sociology, and sport and leisure studies.

Volume 27 of the International Symposia in Economic Theory and Econometrics series collects a range of unique and diverse chapters, each investigating different spheres of development in emerging markets with a specific focus on significant engines of growth and advancement in the Asia-Pacific economies. Looking at the most sensitive issues behind economic growth in emerging markets, and particularly their long-term prospects, the chapters included in this volume explore the newest fields of research to understand the potential of these markets better. Including chapters from leading scholars worldwide, the volume provides comprehensive coverage of the key topics in fields spanning SMEs, terrorism, manufacturing waste reduction, financial literacy, female empowerment, leadership and corporate management, and the relationship between environmental, social, governance, and firm value. For students, researchers and practitioners, this volume offers a dynamic reference resource on emerging markets across a diverse range of topics.

Asia-Pacific Contemporary Finance and Development collects a well-informed range of fourteen chapters, investigating banking, finance, production, and consumer sectors that are vital shares of modern economies and definitive drivers of growth in the Asia-Pacific economies. The chapters, authored by internationally renowned and experienced academics, showcase the most updated economic and entrepreneurial dynamism in the Asia-Pacific, a large and thriving region that is recognized as a driving force of innovation and economic growth worldwide. From the TPP and the U.S., to short-term cross-currency basis swap and Japanese government bond markets, and from volatility and risk-taking firms and corporate diversification strategy and the political effects of the Corporate Social Responsibility, to consumption propensity and entrepreneurship, this volume of The International Symposia in Economic Theory and Econometrics explores and investigates contemporary challenges and issues facing the Asia-Pacific economies. For researchers and students of economics and finance, this volume is a fascinating exploration of emerging topics in one the fastest growing economies in the world.

This publication explores how international trade is promoting economic empowerment through the increased participation of women and micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises. It highlights the roles of services and digital connectivity in facilitating diversification and inclusive economic transformation. The report examines recent trends in aid for trade in Asia and the Pacific and how it can do more to boost inclusive growth.

This publication provides an update of developments in Pacific economies and explores topical policy issues to date. The 10th edition features policy briefs focusing on the effects of climate change, impacts of natural hazards, income and purchasing power, service delivery, economic empowerment of women, and labor markets in the region.

This publication is the annual report of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) on Asia's progress in regional cooperation and integration. It covers ADB's 48 regional members and analyzes regional and global economic linkages. This year's special chapter,'Toward Optimal Provision of Regional Public Goods in Asia and the Pacific,'examines how collective action among countries can help find solutions to growing transnational development challenges. It discusses how to best provide regional public goods that transcend the so-called'collective action problem,'which occurs when individual interests are too weak on their own to drive cooperation on common issues. The chapter suggests that multilateral development banks should act as honest broker in enhancing mutual trust and facilitating regional cooperation for regional public goods.

This publication reflects on the enduring partnership of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) with its developing member countries. These 10 stories illustrate how ADB, working with government and development partners, helps citizens respond to the varied needs of each country such as climate change mitigation, access to economic opportunities and social services, and disaster recovery. ADB's approach to development continues to evolve with the needs of its regional members. Through innovation and strong partnerships, ADB remains committed to helping its members achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.

This publication provides an update on developments in Pacific economies, explores topical policy issues in the region over the years, and presents global forecasts for 2019. It includes an outline of the economic setting, as well as country economic issues and specific policy briefs for 14 Pacific economies. This includes analysis of critical development challenges including connectivity, climate change and disaster resilience, tourism, fisheries, and public sector management. The December 2018 issue also focuses on debt sustainability amid clear financing needs to help address remaining infrastructure and services gaps in the Pacific.

A major force in East Asia's remarkable economic growth and industrial transformation, foreign direct investment has been growing at 14?15 percent annually in Southeast Asia and China over the last decade. This timely volume examines the impact of investment on trade in the region, focusing especially on microeconomic issues of strategy, activity, and behavior of corporate investors. The contributors explore the role of corporate alliances and networks of Japanese and Chinese firms, as well as the influence of investors from newly industrializing economies, in the relocation of production and trade within the region.

This publication reflects on 5 decades of engagement with our 40 developing member countries, and explores 10 cross-cutting areas of work that enable the Asian Development Bank (ADB) to respond to new and emerging challenges that will affect development outcomes in a rapidly changing region. These 50 stories illustrate how ADB's partnerships with government, civil society, the private sector, and other development partners have contributed to a momentous half century of development, helping to create the building blocks for the region's prosperity.

This issue of the Pacific Economic Monitor updates the 2016 and 2017 GDP growth and inflation projections ADB's Pacific developing member countries. The theme of the policy briefs in this issue is Fisheries in Pacific Economies.

The Survey 2016 assesses the region's outlook as it navigates through global uncertainties, providing policy options and strategies to support countries in striving towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. The report analyses a wide range of areas including economic growth, inflation, trade and investment, financial markets, inequality, employment, and environmental concerns. The special theme of Survey 2016 highlights how both economic growth and productivity growth have declined in the aftermath of the 2008 economic and financial crisis in the Asia-Pacific region. In doing so, the report examines underlying trends of productivity growth and argues that the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development provides an entry point to strengthen productivity as investing in the SDGs can foster productivity growth, thereby creating a virtuous cycle between sustainable development, productivity and development.

Bathelt and Zeng have put together a stellar collection that is truly original. The book develops a rich understanding of trade fairs in knowledge ecologies, and in doing so provides the reader with a sophisticated analysis of the local-global dynamics of such events. Moreover, the book also offers one of the first comprehensive analyses of the role of trade fairs in the Asia Pacific region, thus illuminating the significance of such events for the global economy.'- James Faulconbridge, Lancaster University, UKThe development of trade fairs in the Asia-Pacific region has been highly uneven, with large differences between industries, cities and countries. Based on a knowledge perspective, this book is the first of its kind to connect economic growth with the rise and development of trade fairs.Using country-specific case studies, the contributors identify three key areas of exploration: knowledge generation and transfer processes through trade fairs, interrelationships between industrial and trade fair specializations, and linkages between economic development, industrial policy and trade fair dynamics. They demonstrate that trade fairs in the Asia-Pacific region have evolved from transaction-oriented places to knowledge-based and relational spaces.Researchers and students of economic geography, political economy and related disciplines interested in exploring the role of the developmental state in the Asia-Pacific region will find this book to be highly relevant. Policy makers and regional planners seeking to understand the role of international trade fairs will also find this to be an insightful study.Contributors: H. Bathelt, J.-Y. Chang, L.-C. Chen, L.-I. Chu, T.-L. Chou, F. Golfetto, D.R. Gress, J.-Y. Hsu, X. Jin, R.V. Kalafsky, X. Kong, P.-F. Li, P. Maskell, D. Rinallo, K. Weber, S.A. Weller, Y. Yokura, G. Zeng, Y.-F. Zhang, Y.-W. Zhu

The 1997–8 Asian financial crisis exposed weaknesses in the region's national financial systems, but since then East Asia has become the world's most dynamic economic region. Domestic financial systems have developed, cross-border financial flows within the region are growing apace as demand from governments and large firms increases and as the capabilities of financial institutions develop, and governments have initiated regional cooperation aimed at preventing future crises and managing them if they occur.This book examines the economies of Asia and the Pacific with reference to financial reform and liberalization, monetary policy frameworks, banking and capital markets, regulation and supervision and macroeconomic policies. Further, it asks what lessons have been learned from both the Asian financial crisis and the recent financial crisis, how to engender financial stability in the region, and how to ensure that the benefits of economic growth and financial development reach all members of society. Across four key sections, the chapters examine the future implications of historical studies of the relationships between financial development and growth; financial development including banks, non-bank financial institutions and capital markets; how financial stability is being sought in the region; and China's plans for capital account opening and renminbi internationalization and subsequent the policy implications for China's neighbours.This book draws on papers originally presented to the 36th Pacific Trade and Development Conference held in Hong Kong in 2013, and features contributions from leading academics and economists from around the world. As such, it will be of great interest to students and scholars of Asian economics, Asia Pacific studies, international economics and international finance.

The UN-ESCAP (and its predecessor UN-ECAFE) has been ahead of the curve in shaping the ideas on economic and social development in the Asia-Pacific region through its annual economic and social Survey. This publication aims to provide a first-hand account of what was happening during a period of unprecedented economic and social transformation. It contains a succinct narration of the countries'reconstruction efforts and needs after the Second World War as well as their development aspirations and endeavours providing an analytical narrative of the transformation of the region infested with pervasive hunger and deprivation to the Asian miracle that lifted billions of human beings out of extreme poverty. It tells how the region from a periphery became the centre of gravity for the world economy. In short, it is an analytical story of the unfolding of the Asian drama.

This edition of the Pacific Economic Monitor updates 2013 and 2014 GDP growth and inflation projections for ADB's Pacific developing member countries. The theme of the policy briefs included in this issue is regional cooperation and integration.

The private sector contributes to economic development by generating jobs and incomes, as well as through investments, new technologies, knowledge transfer, and enhanced productivity. This is particularly true in Asia and the Pacific, where much of the recent success in reducing poverty has been due to robust economic growth stimulated by the private sector. The development challenges and investment needs of the region remain large and diverse. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) helps address these challenges and investment needs by assisting the private sector through the Private Sector Operations Department. This fourth annual report on the development effectiveness of ADB's private sector operations reviews how the Private Sector Operations Department has contributed to promoting ADB's development effectiveness agenda. The report features the direct and indirect impact of private sector assistance. It considers the value added of this assistance, highlighting performance trends and identifying actions required to improve results.

The formation of a Regional Technical Group (RTG) on Aid for Trade for Asia and the Pacific was a key recommendation to emerge from the Aid for Trade Regional Review Meeting at the Asian Development Bank (ADB) headquarters in Manila in 2007 and the Global Aid for Trade Review Meetings at the World Trade Organization in Geneva in 2007 and 2009. Reflecting the principles of country ownership of Aid for Trade, the RTG operates under the stewardship of RTG co-chairs, representatives of Cambodia and Japan. The RTG comprises members from recipient and donor countries involved in formulating and implementing Aid for Trade policies and development agencies in the region. ADB is a member and serves as the Secretariat to the RTG. The RTG started as a pilot project to provide an informal regional forum for discussing Aid for Trade issues and proposals, sharing good practices, taking stock of available analytical work on Aid for Trade in the region, and building partnerships among actors and stakeholders. It seeks to formulate an integrated approach to operationalize Aid for Trade in the medium term.

The Pacific region is in the final stage of the demographic transition with declining fertility and expanding life expectancy, where significant changes in population size and age distribution, i.e.'aging'have been and will be witnessed. They are unprecedented and going to affect economic growth in various ways. This book focuses on the Pacific region, one of the most rapidly aging regions, and examines the possible risk aspects. Particularly, the book takes into account of possible adjustments both endogenous and exogenous (including policy responses) to the new reality of aging population. It also assesses their quantitative influences on the growth impact of aging population, which might be very different from those in the past experience.The book highlights the doubts on the steadiness across periods and similarities across economies of parameters relevant to labor market participation, saving and investment of private sectors, and productivity growth, which a bulk of prior studies were crucially based on. Policy measures to enhance labor supply, domestic savings and productivity have been scrutinized. The book discusses the policy alternatives in practice and their implementations and/or planning of each category across regional economies.

The authors expertly reveal a model-based analysis of economic development and environmental issues with policy prescriptions for enhancing sustainable development. Within the last four decades, there has been a rapid deterioration in the quality of our environmental and natural resources, raising grave concerns about the sustainability of unbridled economic growth. In light of these concerns, the authors analyze a range of economic and environmental issues, and propose policy recommendations that would enhance sustainable economic growth. The book covers a variety of issues related to economic development, trade, energy and climate change, and focuses on countries in the Asia-Pacific region including Australia, Thailand, Papua New Guinea and Fiji. Managing Macroeconomic Policies For Sustainable Growth uniquely discusses aspects of the CGE modeling approach that will prove informative for academic researchers and postgraduate students in the areas of economic development and environmental policy. This original book will also appeal to policy analysts and policy makers in public and private institutions.

This book provides a unique laboratory of ‘capabilities in practice'in the Asia-Pacific region. It explores the application of the capability approach in development practice and public policy from a multidisciplinary perspective by bringing together scholars and practitioners from a wide range of disciplinary backgrounds, including development studies, health policy, political science, political theory, political economy, architecture, indigenous studies, urban planning and communication technologies. The first part of the book provides a foundational theoretical framework to introduce the empirical applications of the capability theory in different areas of development practice and public policy in the Asia-Pacific region. This part discusses thorny issues in capability theory and raises the potential for capability theory to lead to new ways of thinking about old problems. The second part discusses the application of the capability approach to intransigent problems of marginalisation and the articulation of public policy in New Zealand and Australia. In particular, this part focuses on the potential implications that a capability-based approach can have on the well-being of indigenous peoples in both countries, as well as children, older renters, and urban dwellers in Australia.The third part elucidates how capability theory is being applied by researchers in the Asia-Pacific region to local issues in developing countries such as Samoa, Vanuatu, Papua New Guinea and Sri Lanka. In doing so, it provides original content to the world market in capability theory by focussing on this often-neglected area of scholarship.As a whole, this volume offers a unique and innovative scrutiny of a multifaceted capability-based analysis of development practice and public policy. The scope and breadth of this volume advance the application of the capability approach and offer an indispensable resource to scholars, researchers, policy makers and policy practitioners interested in the theoretical insights and practical implications of the capability approach.

Barring the realization of downside risks to the global economy, growth in the Asia and the Pacific region is expected to gain momentum over the course of 2012, according to this report, and now projected at 6 percent in 2012, rising to about 6½ percent in 2013. Stronger economic and policy fundamentals have helped buffer the region's economies against the global financial crisis, by limiting adverse financial market spillovers and ameliorating the impact of deleveraging by European banks, but a sharp fall in exports to advanced economies and a reversal of foreign capital flows would have a severe impact on the region. The region's policymakers now face the difficult task of calibrating the amount of insurance needed to support stable, noninflationary growth. Some Asian and Pacific economies can afford to lengthen the pause in the normalization of their macroeconomic policies that was initiated when the global recovery stalled late in 2011; others may need a faster return to more neutral policy stances. Similarly, the pace of fiscal consolidation should be calibrated to country-specific circumstances. Additional chapters in the report discuss whether China is rebalancing and the particular challenges facing Asian low-income and small island economies.

The Asia-Pacific region has made considerable progress towards the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), but the region is still off track on many crucial MDG indicators. This publication considers the challenges the region faces for achieving the Goals and shows that they are still within reach, given sufficient determination and financial resources. It starts by estimating the financial needs of the region for closing the gaps in achievement of the MDG targets and identifies potential sources for those funds. It also shows how Asia and the Pacific can take the lead in developing a more inclusive and development friendly financial system. Finally, the report discusses challenges -including technology and finance- for promoting growth that is inclusive and sustainable -green growth- that will help the region achieve the MDGs.

The Pacific Approach of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) places good governance at the heart of the development agenda and identifies public sector management as an important driver of change. This study, prepared as a background for the Pacific Approach, reviews recent literature and analysis on the state's role in the development of Pacific developing member countries, and suggests priorities for future support by ADB and its development partners of improved state performance and capacity of these Pacific states.

Offers a brief introduction to ILO's knowledge base on Asia and the Pacific. The resource kit can be useful to people who have a general interest in the issues as well as specialists who need additional technical resources.

Fiscal policy is an incredibly important tool for governments across the world, with many countries facing dilemmas in crafting fiscal policies to meet changing demographic needs, greater demands for social welfare and sudden spending due to shocks such as terrorism. This important book looks at fiscal policy in the Asian Pacific economies and with a broad array of contributors will be a useful tool to students, researchers and professionals working in international economics and finance.