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1. Analyse par imagerie hyperspectrale sous-marine : Révéler la variabilité de l'efficacité des récifs artificiels

Author: Elisabeth RIERA, Cédric Hubas, Mischa Ungerman, Guy Rigot, Alexis Pey, Patrice Francour, Francesca Rossi, Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Station de Biologie Marine de Concarneau, Direction générale déléguée à la Recherche, à l’Expertise, à la Valorisation et à l’Enseignement-Formation (DGD.REVE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Auteur indépendant, MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), and Institut de l'Océan, Sorbonne Université
Subjects: [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Imagerie Hyperspectrale sous marine, Récifs artificiels
Abstract: Poster illustrant l'usage de l'imagerie hyperspectral sous marine pour évaluerl'efficacité des récifs artificiels à imiter le signal photosynthétique des assemblages des habitats naturels adjacents. Etude de cas effectué en Principauté de Monaco en 2020.
Published: 2023
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2. Effets du bruit marin sur le changement des poissons sparidés juvéniles entre les espèces et les stades de développement

Author: Eugenio Di Franco, Francesca Rossi, Lucia Di Iorio, Khalil Sdiri, Antonio Calò, Antonio Di Franco, Mireille Harmelin-Vivien, Guillaume Spennato, Jean-Michel Cottalorda, Benoit Derijard, Simona Bussotti, Patricia Pierson, Paolo Guidetti, Di Franco E., Rossi F., Di Iorio L., Sdiri K., Calò A., Di Franco A., Harmelin-Vivien M., Spennato G., Cottalorda J.-M., Derijard B., Bussotti S., Pierson P., Guidetti P., Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditérranéens (CEFREM), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: settlement, marine conservation, Ecology, recruitment, noise pollution, Mediterranean Sea, fish juveniles, Sparidae, Ecological Modeling, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, fish juvenile, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract: International audience; Marine noise is an emerging pollutant inducing a variety of negative impacts on many animal taxa, including fish. Fish population persistence and dynamics rely on the supply of early life stages, which are often very sensitive to disturbance. Impacts of marine noise pollution (MNP) on juvenile fish have rarely been investigated in temperate regions. This is particularly true for the Mediterranean Sea, which is considered as an MNP hotspot due to intensive maritime traffic. In this study, we investigate the relationship between MNP related to boat traffic and (i) assemblage structure and (ii) the density of juvenile fishes (post-settlers at different stages) belonging to the Sparidae family. We quantified MNP produced by boating at four coastal locations in the French Riviera (NW Mediterranean Sea) by linearly combining five variables into a ‘noise index’ (NI): (i) boat visitation, (ii) number of boat passages/hour, (iii) the instantaneous underwater noise levels of passing boats, (iv) continuous boat underwater noise levels and (v) duration of exposure to boat noise. Then, using the NI, we identified an MNP gradient. By using juvenile fish visual censuses (running a total of 1488 counts), we found that (i) the assemblage structure and (ii) the density patterns of three fish species (i.e., Diplodus sargus, D. puntazzo, D. vulgaris) changed along the MNP gradient. Specifically, the density of early D. sargus post-settlers was negatively related to MNP, while late post-settler densities of D. puntazzo and, less evidently, D. vulgaris tended to decrease more rapidly with decreasing MNP. Our findings suggest the following potential impacts of MNP on juvenile sparids related to coastal boat traffic: (i) idiosyncratic effects on density depending on the species and the developmental stage (early vs. late post-settlers); (ii) negative effects on recruitment, due to possible alteration of late post-settlement movement patterns.
Published: 2023

3. A Pleistocene legacy structures variation in modern seagrass ecosystems

Author: J. Emmett Duffy, John J. Stachowicz, Pamela L. Reynolds, Kevin A. Hovel, Marlene Jahnke, Erik E. Sotka, Christoffer Boström, Katharyn E. Boyer, Mathieu Cusson, Johan Eklöf, Aschwin H. Engelen, Britas Klemens Eriksson, F. Joel Fodrie, John N. Griffin, Clara M. Hereu, Masakazu Hori, A. Randall Hughes, Mikhail V. Ivanov, Pablo Jorgensen, Claudia Kruschel, Kun-Seop Lee, Jonathan S. Lefcheck, Per-Olav Moksnes, Masahiro Nakaoka, Mary I. O’Connor, Nessa E. O’Connor, Robert J. Orth, Bradley J. Peterson, Henning Reiss, Katrin Reiss, J. Paul Richardson, Francesca Rossi, Jennifer L. Ruesink, Stewart T. Schultz, Jonas Thormar, Fiona Tomas, Richard Unsworth, Erin Voigt, Matthew A. Whalen, Shelby L. Ziegler, Jeanine L. Olsen, Smithsonian Institution, National Science Foundation (US), Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (España), Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), College of William and Mary, San Diego State University (SDSU), Åbo Akademi University [Turku], Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC), Centre of Marine Sciences [Faro] (CCMAR), University of Algarve [Portugal], Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences [Groningen] (GELIFES), University of Groningen [Groningen], Lancaster University, Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Eriksson group, and Marine Biology
Subjects: Multidisciplinary, Food Chain, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 [VDP], [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Acclimatization, Zosteraceae, Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Plantegeografi: 496 [VDP], [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Biological Evolution, Invertebrates, foundation species, Climate Action, Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Økologi: 488 [VDP], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, genetic structure, Animals, Biomass, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, climate, biogeography, Ecosystem
Abstract: Distribution of Earth's biomes is structured by the match between climate and plant traits, which in turn shape associated communities and ecosystem processes and services. However, that climate-trait match can be disrupted by historical events, with lasting ecosystem impacts. As Earth's environment changes faster than at any time in human history, critical questions are whether and how organismal traits and ecosystems can adjust to altered conditions. We quantified the relative importance of current environmental forcing versus evolutionary history in shaping the growth form (stature and biomass) and associated community of eelgrass (Zostera marina), a widespread foundation plant of marine ecosystems along Northern Hemisphere coastlines, which experienced major shifts in distribution and genetic composition during the Pleistocene. We found that eelgrass stature and biomass retain a legacy of the Pleistocene colonization of the Atlantic from the ancestral Pacific range and of more recent within-basin bottlenecks and genetic differentiation. This evolutionary legacy in turn influences the biomass of associated algae and invertebrates that fuel coastal food webs, with effects comparable to or stronger than effects of current environmental forcing. Such historical lags in phenotypic acclimatization may constrain ecosystem adjustments to rapid anthropogenic climate change, thus altering predictions about the future functioning of ecosystems., This work was supported by the US NSF (OCE-1031061, OCE-1336206, OCE0-1336741, OCE-1336905) and the Smithsonian Institution. F.T. was supported by José Castillejo Award CAS14/00177. A.H.E. was supported by the FCT (Foundation for Science and Technology) through Project UIDB/04326/2020 and Contract CEECINST/00114/2018. This is Contribution 106 from the Smithsonian’s MarineGEO and Tennenbaum Marine Observatories Network and Contribution 4105 of the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William & Mary.
Published: 2022

4. The biogeography of community assembly

Author: Collin P. Gross, J. Emmett Duffy, Kevin A. Hovel, Melissa R. Kardish, Pamela L. Reynolds, Christoffer Boström, Katharyn E. Boyer, Mathieu Cusson, Johan Eklöf, Aschwin H. Engelen, Britas Klemens Eriksson, F. Joel Fodrie, John N. Griffin, Clara M. Hereu, Masakazu Hori, A. Randall Hughes, Mikhail V. Ivanov, Pablo Jorgensen, Claudia Kruschel, Kun-Seop Lee, Jonathan Lefcheck, Karen McGlathery, Per-Olav Moksnes, Masahiro Nakaoka, Mary I. O'Connor, Nessa E. O'Connor, Jeanine L. Olsen, Robert J. Orth, Bradley J. Peterson, Henning Reiss, Francesca Rossi, Jennifer Ruesink, Erik E. Sotka, Jonas Thormar, Fiona Tomas, Richard Unsworth, Erin P. Voigt, Matthew A. Whalen, Shelby L. Ziegler, John J. Stachowicz, National Science Foundation (US), Åbo Akademi University Foundation, Eriksson group, Marine Biology, Smithsonian Institution, San Diego State University (SDSU), Åbo Akademi University [Turku], Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC), Centre of Marine Sciences [Faro] (CCMAR), University of Algarve [Portugal], Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences [Groningen] (GELIFES), University of Groningen [Groningen], Lancaster University, Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN)
Subjects: [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Marinbiologi: 497 [VDP], Oceans and Seas, Historical contingency, latitudinal gradient, Predation, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, Medical and Health Sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Zoogeografi: 486 [VDP], Crustacea, Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Økologi: 488 [VDP], Eelgrass epifauna, Animals, functional traits, historical contingency, Ecosystem, General Environmental Science, General Immunology and Microbiology, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Community assembly, Zosteraceae, General Medicine, Biological Sciences, Latitudinal gradient, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Predatory Behavior, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, community assembly, eelgrass epifauna, predation, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Functional traits
Abstract: While considerable evidence exists of biogeographic patterns in the intensity of species interactions, the influence of these patterns on variation in community structure is less clear. Studying how the distributions of traits in communities vary along global gradients can inform how variation in interactions and other factors contribute to the process of community assembly. Using a model selection approach on measures of trait dispersion in crustaceans associated with eelgrass (Zostera marina) spanning 30° of latitude in two oceans, we found that dispersion strongly increased with increasing predation and decreasing latitude. Ocean and epiphyte load appeared as secondary predictors; Pacific communities were more overdispersed while Atlantic communities were more clustered, and increasing epiphytes were associated with increased clustering. By examining how species interactions and environmental filters influence community structure across biogeographic regions, we demonstrate how both latitudinal variation in species interactions and historical contingency shape these responses. Community trait distributions have implications for ecosystem stability and functioning, and integrating large-scale observations of environmental filters, species interactions and traits can help us predict how communities may respond to environmental change., This research was funded by National Science Foundation grants to J.E.D., J.J.S. and K.A.H. (NSF-OCE 1336206, OCE 1336905, and OCE 1336741). C.B. was funded by the Åbo Akademi University Foundation.
Published: 2022

5. Combining Ecological Niche Models and ecosystem services indicators to assess impacts of climate change on kelp: application to French coasts

Author: Pecquet, Jules, Mouchet, Maud, Campagne, Sylvie, Raybaud, Virginie, Baulaz, Yoann, Gevaert, François, Ben Rais Lasram, Frida, Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 (LOG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la COnservation (CESCO), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (ADMM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)
Subjects: projections, climate change, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, ecosystem services indicators, Laminaria digitata, ecological niche models, [SDV.EE.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Bioclimatology
Abstract: International audience; Kelp forests, primarily Laminaria digitata, provide a broad range of ecosystem services of high social, economic, and ecological value and are considered one of the most productive ecosystems on the planet. Several studies have shown that kelp ecosystems are regressing in response to multiple stressors, especially climate change, which could lead to local extinctions. This may induce a decrease in the ecosystem services provided. Many studies use ecological niche models (ENM) to project potential future species distributions under climate change scenarios; however, no study has projected the future supply of ecosystem services resulting from shifts in species ranges and changes in biomass. In this study, using French coasts as a case study, we developed a new and reproducible methodological framework that combines ENM and ecosystem services indicators to assess impacts of climate change on ecosystem services supplied by kelp. To this end, we first identified ecosystem services currently provided by kelp and then used ENM to project future kelp distribution from 2041 to 2050 under climate scenarios RCP2.6 and RCP8.5. Finally, by estimating the biomass of kelp, we assessed the current and future ecosystem services provided by kelp.
Published: 2022

6. An Overview of Marine Non-Indigenous Species Found in Three Contrasting Biogeographic Metropolitan French Regions: Insights on Distribution, Origins and Pathways of Introduction

Author: Cécile Massé, Frédérique Viard, Suzie Humbert, Elvire Antajan, Isabelle Auby, Guy Bachelet, Guillaume Bernard, Vincent M. P. Bouchet, Thomas Burel, Jean-Claude Dauvin, Alice Delegrange, Sandrine Derrien-Courtel, Gabin Droual, Benoit Gouillieux, Philippe Goulletquer, Laurent Guérin, Anne-Laure Janson, Jérôme Jourde, Céline Labrune, Nicolas Lavesque, Jean-Charles Leclerc, Michel Le Duff, Vincent Le Garrec, Pierre Noël, Antoine Nowaczyk, Christine Pergent-Martini, Jean-Philippe Pezy, Aurore Raoux, Virginie Raybaud, Sandrine Ruitton, Pierre-Guy Sauriau, Nicolas Spilmont, Delphine Thibault, Dorothée Vincent, Amelia Curd, Patrimoine naturel (PatriNat), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Office français de la biodiversité (OFB), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), LITTORAL (LITTORAL), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 (LOG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Station de Biologie Marine de Concarneau, Direction générale déléguée à la Recherche, à l’Expertise, à la Valorisation et à l’Enseignement-Formation (DGD.REVE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), Dynamique et durabilité des écosystèmes : de la source à l’océan (DECOD), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecogéochimie des environnements benthiques (LECOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Office français de la biodiversité (OFB), Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière (M2C), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fédération de recherche Environnement et Société (FRES 3041), Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)
Subjects: Ecology, Ecological Modeling, biogeographic provinces, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), baseline, inventory, aquaculture, maritime trade, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, species introductions, France, MSFD, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract: International audience; Biological invasions are one of the main global threats to biodiversity in terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems worldwide, requiring effective inventorying and monitoring programs. Here, we present an updated list of non-indigenous species in French marine and transitional waters. Focused on eukaryote pluricellular species found throughout the three metropolitan French marine regions (Western Mediterranean Sea, Bay of Biscay and the Northern Seas), a total of 342 non-indigenous, including 42 cryptogenic, species are listed as having been introduced since the 13th century. The majority of the species originated from the temperate Northern Pacific. They mainly arrived through both ballast and hull fouling and also are associated with shellfish farming activities. Most of them have been introduced since the 1970s, a time when maritime and aquaculture trade intensified. Despite important human-aided opportunities for species transfer between the three marine regions (for instance, via recreational boating or aquaculture transfers), only a third of these NIS are common to all regions, as expected due to their environmental specificities.
Published: 2023

7. Chemodiversity of Brevetoxins and Other Potentially Toxic Metabolites Produced by Karenia spp. and Their Metabolic Products in Marine Organisms

Author: Hort, Vincent, Abadie, Eric, Arnich, Nathalie, Dechraoui Bottein, Marie-Yasmine, Amzil, Zouher, Laboratoire de sécurité des aliments de Maisons-Alfort (LSAl), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Direction de l'Evaluation des Risques (DER), Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)
Subjects: brevetoxins, shellfish, marine organisms, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, QH301-705.5, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Karenia spp, metabolic products, marine biotoxins, Biology (General)
Abstract: The authors sincerely thank the other experts who participated in the working group set up by the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES) to prevent health risks associated with the consumption of shellfish contaminated with BTXs in France, that is to say: Katia Comte, Estelle Chaix, Nicolas Delcourt, César Mattei, Jordi Molgó and Raphaele Le Garrec.; International audience; In recent decades, more than 130 potentially toxic metabolites originating from dinoflagellate species belonging to the genus Karenia or metabolized by marine organisms have been described. These metabolites include the well-known and large group of brevetoxins (BTXs), responsible for foodborne neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP) and airborne respiratory symptoms in humans. Karenia spp. also produce brevenal, brevisamide and metabolites belonging to the hemi-brevetoxin, brevisin, tamulamide, gymnocin, gymnodimine, brevisulcenal and brevisulcatic acid groups. In this review, we summarize the available knowledge in the literature since 1977 on these various identified metabolites, whether they are produced directly by the producer organisms or biotransformed in marine organisms. Their structures and physicochemical properties are presented and discussed. Among future avenues of research, we highlight the need for more toxin occurrence data with analytical techniques, which can specifically determine the analogs present in samples. New metabolites have yet to be fully described, especially the groups of metabolites discovered in the last two decades (e.g tamulamides). Lastly, this work clarifies the different nomenclatures used in the literature and should help to harmonize practices in the future.
Published: 2021

8. Small-scale patches of detritus as habitat for invertebrates within a Zostera noltei meadow

Author: Francesca Rossi, Sabrina Lo Brutto, Renato Chemello, D. Iaciofano, Valentina Costa, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare [Palermo] (DiSTeM), Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Costa, Valentina, Chemello, Renato, Iaciofano, Davide, Lo Brutto, Sabrina, and Rossi, Francesca
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Settore BIO/05 - Zoologia, Oceanography, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 01 natural sciences, Peracarid, Peracarids, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Trophic level, biology, Ecology, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Zosteraceae, Wrack, General Medicine, Mesograzer, Biodiversity, Plant litter, Pollution, Substrate (marine biology), Crustaceans, Seagrass, Habitat, Beach-cast, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Macrofauna, France, Polychaetes, Settore BIO/07 - Ecologia, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Crustacean, Aquatic Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, Transitional system, Mesograzers, Animals, Humans, 14. Life underwater, Ecosystem, Zostera noltei, Detritus, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Leaf litter, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Polychaete, Invertebrates, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Colonisation, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Habitat structure
Abstract: Seagrass detritus can attract numerous invertebrates as it provides food and substrate within the meadow or in adjacent environments. Nonetheless, several factors could modify the invertebrate response to this habitat. In this study, we tested if epifaunal colonisation of Zostera noltei detritus was related to substrate availability rather than food and whether colonising assemblages were similar according to the meadow structural complexity. Litterbags filled with natural or artificial detritus were deployed within an eelgrass meadow in a Mediterranean coastal lagoon (Thau lagoon, France). Colonisation appeared to be driven by the presence of detritus, with similar assemblages in natural and artificial substrate, but with more individuals than the empty bags, used as controls. There were also no differences according to habitat complexity. These findings show that detritus, acting as a faunal magnet, plays an important role in maintaining biodiversity, as epifauna is a critical trophic link between primary producers and consumers.
Published: 2021

9. Improving predictions of invasive fish ranges combining functional and ecological traits with environmental suitability under climate change scenarios

Author: Virginie Raybaud, Paolo Guidetti, Alexandre Schickele, Argyro Zenetos, Sylvaine Giakoumi, Patrice Francour, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, ECOSEAS, Nice, France, Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Ecosystèmes Côtiers Marins et Réponses aux Stress (ECOMERS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), and Hellenic Center for Marine Research (HCMR)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, Range (biology), Climate Change, Population, Climate change, Introduced species, Fish stock, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Mediterranean sea, Mediterranean Sea, Animals, Environmental Chemistry, 14. Life underwater, education, Ecosystem, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, General Environmental Science, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Global and Planetary Change, education.field_of_study, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Fishes, 15. Life on land, Environmental niche modelling, Geography, 13. Climate action, Introduced Species
Abstract: Biological invasions represent one of the main threats to marine biodiversity. From a conservation perspective, especially in the context of increasing sea warming, it is critical to examine the suitability potential of geographical areas for the arrival of Range Expanding Introduced and Native Species (REINS), and hence anticipate the risk of such species to become invasive in their new distribution areas. Here, we developed an empirical index, based on functional and bio-ecological traits, that estimates the Invasive Potential (IP; i.e. the potential success in transport, introduction and population establishment) for a set of 13 fishes that are expanding their distributional range into the Mediterranean Sea, the most invaded sea in the world. The IP index showed significant correlation with the observed spreading of REINS. For the six species characterised by the highest IP, we calculated contemporary and future projections of their Environmental Suitability Index (ESI). By using an ensemble modelling approach, we estimated the geographical areas that are likely to be the most impacted by REINS spreading under climate change. Our results demonstrated the importance of functional traits related to reproduction for determining high invasion potential. For most species, we found high contemporary ESI values in the South-eastern Mediterranean Sea and low to intermediate contemporary ESI values in the Adriatic Sea and North-western Mediterranean sector. Moreover, we highlighted a major potential future expansion of high ESI values, and thus REINS invasive potential, towards the northern Mediterranean, especially in the northern Adriatic Sea. This potential future northward expansion highlights the risk associated with climate-induced impacts on ecosystem conservation and fish stock management throughout the entire Mediterranean Sea.
Published: 2021

10. Guidance Level for Brevetoxins in French Shellfish

Author: Arnich, Nathalie, Abadie, Eric, Amzil, Zouher, Dechraoui Bottein, Marie-Yasmine, Comte, Katia, Chaix, Estelle, Delcourt, Nicolas, Hort, Vincent, Mattei, César, Molgó, Jordi, Le Garrec, Raphaele, Direction de l'Evaluation des Risques (DER), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes (MCAM), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre antipoison et de toxicovigilance [CHU Toulouse] (CAPTV Toulouse), Pôle Médecine d'urgences [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Laboratoire de sécurité des aliments de Maisons-Alfort (LSAl), MitoVasc - Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale (MITOVASC), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire pour la Santé (ex SIMOPRO) (SIMoS), Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (MTS), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire sur les interactions Epithéliums Neurones (LIEN), Université de Brest (UBO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Centre antipoison et de toxicovigilance (Toulouse) (CAPTV Toulouse), CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-CHU Purpan, Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale (MITOVASC), and GUITTON, SOPHIE
Subjects: guidance level, QH301-705.5, Oxocins, food and beverages, [SDV.TOX.TCA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Toxicology and food chain, Article, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, brevetoxins, shellfish, [SDV.TOX.TCA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Toxicology and food chain, Dinoflagellida, Mediterranean Sea, emerging toxins, Animals, Humans, Shellfish Poisoning, marine biotoxins, Marine Toxins, France, Biology (General), neurotoxic shellfish poisoning, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract: To prevent health risks associated with the consumption of shellfish contaminated with BTXs in France, a working group was set up by the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (Anses). One of the aims of this working group was to propose a guidance level for the presence of BTXs in shellfish.; International audience; Brevetoxins (BTXs) are marine biotoxins responsible for neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP) after ingestion of contaminated shellfish. NSP is characterized by neurological, gastrointestinal and/or cardiovascular symptoms. The main known producer of BTXs is the dinoflagellate Karenia brevis, but other microalgae are also suspected to synthesize BTX-like compounds. BTXs are currently not regulated in France and in Europe. In November 2018, they have been detected for the first time in France in mussels from a lagoon in the Corsica Island (Mediterranean Sea), as part of the network for monitoring the emergence of marine biotoxins in shellfish. To prevent health risks associated with the consumption of shellfish contaminated with BTXs in France, a working group was set up by the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (Anses). One of the aims of this working group was to propose a guidance level for the presence of BTXs in shellfish. Toxicological data were too limited to derive an acute oral reference dose (ARfD). Based on human case reports, we identified two lowest-observed-adverse-effect levels (LOAELs). A guidance level of 180 µg BTX-3 eq./kg shellfish meat is proposed, considering a protective default portion size of 400 g shellfish meat.
Published: 2021

11. Highly restricted dispersal in habitat-forming seaweed may impede natural recovery of disturbed populations

Author: Florentine Riquet, Christiane-Arnilda De Kuyper, Cécile Fauvelot, Laura Airoldi, Serge Planes, Simonetta Fraschetti, Vesna Mačić, Nataliya Milchakova, Luisa Mangialajo, Lorraine Bottin, Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie marine tropicale des océans Pacifique et Indien (ENTROPIE [Nouvelle-Calédonie]), Ifremer - Nouvelle-Calédonie, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie])-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC), Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Riquet, F., De Kuyper, C. -A., Fauvelot, C., Airoldi, L., Planes, S., Fraschetti, S., Macic, V., Milchakova, N., Mangialajo, L., Bottin, L., Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie])-Ifremer - Nouvelle-Calédonie, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC), and Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Conservation of Natural Resources, Ecology, Evolution, Population genetics, Conservation biology, Science, Genetic Drift, Genetic Variation, Biodiversity, Phaeophyta, Seaweed, Article, Evolutionary genetics, Genetics, Population, Black Sea, Medicine, Microsatellite Repeat, Humans, Conservation of Natural Resource, Ecosystem, Human, Microsatellite Repeats
Abstract: International audience; Abstract Cystoseira sensu lato (Class Phaeophyceae, Order Fucales, Family Sargassaceae) forests play a central role in marine Mediterranean ecosystems. Over the last decades, Cystoseira s.l. suffered from a severe loss as a result of multiple anthropogenic stressors. In particular, Gongolaria barbata has faced multiple human-induced threats, and, despite its ecological importance in structuring rocky communities and hosting a large number of species, the natural recovery of G. barbata depleted populations is uncertain. Here, we used nine microsatellite loci specifically developed for G. barbata to assess the genetic diversity of this species and its genetic connectivity among fifteen sites located in the Ionian, the Adriatic and the Black Seas. In line with strong and significant heterozygosity deficiencies across loci, likely explained by Wahlund effect, high genetic structure was observed among the three seas (ENA corrected F ST = 0.355, IC = [0.283, 0.440]), with an estimated dispersal distance per generation smaller than 600 m, both in the Adriatic and Black Sea. This strong genetic structure likely results from restricted gene flow driven by geographic distances and limited dispersal abilities, along with genetic drift within isolated populations. The presence of genetically disconnected populations at small spatial scales (
Published: 2021

12. Joint effects of patch edges and habitat degradation on faunal predation risk in a widespread marine foundation species

Author: Fiona Tomas, Jennifer L. Ruesink, Kun-Seop Lee, J. Emmett Duffy, Kevin A. Hovel, Karine Gagnon, John J. Stachowicz, Christoffer Boström, Stéphanie Cimon, Fredrick Joel Fodrie, Masakazu Hori, Francesca Rossi, Shelby L. Ziegler, Masahiro Nakaoka, Pablo Jorgensen, Clara M. Hereu, Nessa E. O'Connor, Mathieu Cusson, Katharyn E. Boyer, Claudia Kruschel, Pamela L. Reynolds, National Science Foundation (US), Åbo Akademi University, San Diego State University (SDSU), Smithsonian Institution, Åbo Akademi University [Turku], Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC), Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, seagrass, structural complexity, edge effects, Predation, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, seascape ecology, habitat structure, patch, predation, Zostera marina, Animals, Humans, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, Seagrass, Ecosystem, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Seascape, Pacific Ocean, Biotic component, biology, Edge effects, Ecology, Zosteraceae, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, fungi, Biodiversity, Seascape ecology, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Habitat destruction, Habitat, Predatory Behavior, Structural complexity, Foundation species, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Patch, patch, predation, Habitat structure, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: Human activities degrade and fragment coastal marine habitats, reducing their structural complexity and making habitat edges a prevalent seascape feature. Though habitat edges frequently are implicated in reduced faunal survival and biodiversity, results of experiments on edge effects have been inconsistent, calling for a mechanistic approach to the study of edges that explicitly includes indirect and interactive effects of habitat alteration at multiple scales across biogeographic gradients. We used an experimental network spanning 17 eelgrass (Zostera marina) sites across the Atlantic and Pacific oceans and the Mediterranean Sea to determine (1) if eelgrass edges consistently increase faunal predation risk, (2) whether edge effects on predation risk are altered by habitat degradation (shoot thinning), and (3) whether variation in the strength of edge effects among sites can be explained by biogeographical variability in covarying eelgrass habitat features. Contrary to expectations, at most sites, predation risk for tethered crustaceans (crabs or shrimps) was lower along patch edges than in patch interiors, regardless of the extent of habitat degradation. However, the extent to which edges reduced predation risk, compared to the patch interior, was correlated with the extent to which edges supported higher eelgrass structural complexity and prey biomass compared to patch interiors. This suggests an indirect component to edge effects in which the impact of edge proximity on predation risk is mediated by the effect of edges on other key biotic factors. Our results suggest that studies on edge effects should consider structural characteristics of patch edges, which may vary geographically, and multiple ways that humans degrade habitats., This research was funded by National Science Foundation grants to JED, JJS, and KAH (NSF-OCE 1336206, OCE 1336905, and OCE 1336741). CB was funded by the Åbo Akademi University Foundation.
Published: 2021

13. European small pelagic fish distribution under global change scenarios

Author: Schickele, Alexandre, Goberville, Eric, Leroy, Boris, Beaugrand, Gregory, Hattab, Tarek, Francour, Patrice, Raybaud, Virginie, Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 (LOG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, ECOSEAS, Nice, France, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)
Subjects: climate change, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, ecological niche, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, exclusive economic zone, species distribution models, uncertainties, range shift, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: The spectre of increasing impacts on exploited fish stocks in consequence of warmer climate conditions has become a major concern over the last decades. It is now imperative to improve the way we project the effects of future climate warming on fisheries. While estimating future climate‐induced changes in fish distribution is an important contribution to sustainable resource management, the impacts on European small pelagic fish—representing over 50% of the landings in the Mediterranean and Black Sea between 2000 and 2013—are yet largely understudied. Here, we investigated potential changes in the spatial distribution of seven of the most harvested small pelagic fish species in Europe under several climate change scenarios over the 21st century. For each species, we considered eight Species Distribution Models (SDMs), five General Circulation Models (GCMs) and three emission scenarios (the IPCC Representative Concentration Pathways; RCPs). Under all scenarios, our results revealed that the environmental suitability for most of the seven species may strongly decrease in the Mediterranean and western North Sea while increasing in the Black and Baltic Seas. This potential northward range expansion of species is supported by a strong convergence among projections and a low variability between RCPs. Under the most pessimistic scenario (RCP8.5), climate‐related local extinctions were expected in the south‐eastern Mediterranean basin. Our results highlight that a multi‐SDM, multi‐GCM, multi‐RCP approach is needed to produce more robust ecological scenarios of changes in exploited fish stocks in order to better anticipate the economic and social consequences of global climate change.
Published: 2021

14. Compte rendu de l'atelier national « espèces non indigènes » (ENI), 14.10.2021, MNHN Paris

Author: Antajan, Elvire, Auby, Isabelle, Bernard, Guillaume, Bouchet, Vincent, Burel, Thomas, Charmasson, Julie, Curd, Amelia, Dauvin, Jean-Claude, Delaquaize, François, Duron, Noémie, Gouillieux, Benoît, Goulletquer, Philippe, Guérin, Laurent, Humbert, Suzie, Janson, Anne-Laure, Jourde, Jérôme, Lavesque, Nicolas, Duff, Michel Le, Garrec, Vincent Le, Lizinska, Anna, Massé, Cécile, Nowaczyk, Antoine, Pepin, Jean-François, Pezy, Jean-Philippe, Pisanu, Benoît, Quemmerais, Frédéric, Raybaud, Virgine, Rignault, Océane, Sarat, Emmanuelle, Serranito, Bruno, Souquière, Anne, Spilmont, Nicolas, Thibault, Delphine, Viard, Frédérique, Vincent, Dorothée, Zanuttini, Cyrielle, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Office français de la biodiversité (OFB), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Benthique Côtière (LEBCO), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière (M2C), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Patrimoine naturel (PatriNat), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Office français de la biodiversité (OFB), Laboratoire Environnement Ressources des Pertuis Charentais (LERPC), LITTORAL (LITTORAL), Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), PatriNat (OFB-CNRS-MNHN), Ifremer, and EPOC
Subjects: [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Published: 2021

15. Juvenile Oblada melanura (L. 1758) otolith shape is impacted near recreational harbours or due to settlement position in nearby sites

Author: Guillaume Spennato, Patricia M. Pierson, Pierre S. P. Vandenbussche, Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Biodiversity, Geology, Marine life, 15. Life on land, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Population density, Fishery, medicine.anatomical_structure, Geography, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Coastal zone, Harbour, medicine, Juvenile, 14. Life underwater, computer, Recreation, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Otolith, computer.programming_language
Abstract: The coastal zone is a hotspot of biodiversity and anthropogenic activities. Its conservation is of major concern. To test whether different types of environmental disturbance have an impact on marine fishes, in this three-year study we have compared otolith shapes of Oblada melanura juveniles. One type of disturbance was the type of site: recreational harbours, waterway mouths, or preserved from identified sources of contamination. Another disturbance comes from the geographical zones mainly presenting different levels of population density. We have demonstrated that zones only separated by 20 km have an impact, and that, comparatively to preserved sites, waterway mouths do not impact fish otolith shape in contrast to mid-size recreational harbours. We highlighted that a minimum recreational harbour size may be needed to impact the marine environment. The present work opens up new perspectives for surveys of the impact on marine life of regulation policies and changes in human behaviour.
Published: 2020

16. Climate drives the geography of marine consumption by changing predator communities

Author: J. Emmett Duffy, Meredith S. Diskin, Adriana Vergés, Lindsay C. Gaskins, John J. Stachowicz, Katrin Reiss, Paige G. Ross, Olivia J. Graham, Brent B. Hughes, Lisandro Benedetti-Cecchi, Pablo Jorgensen, Matthew A. Whalen, Kun-Seop Lee, Ross Whippo, Brigitta I. van Tussenbroek, Holger Jänes, Martin Thiel, Elrika D’Souza, Mallarie E. Yeager, Augusto A. V. Flores, O. Kennedy Rhoades, Camilla Bertolini, Rod M. Connolly, Kevin A. Hovel, Janina Seemann, Aaron W. E. Galloway, Max T. Robinson, Midoli Bresch, Jonathan S. Lefcheck, Shelby L. Ziegler, Thomas A. Schlacher, Erin Aiello, Lane N. Johnston, Wendel W. Raymond, Michael Rasheed, Teresa Alcoverro, Brian R. Silliman, F. Joel Fodrie, Brendan P. Kelaher, Oscar Pino, Christopher J. Patrick, Delbert L. Smee, Clara M. Hereu, Kristin M. Hultgren, Andrew H. Altieri, Andrew D. Olds, Brendan S. Lanham, Paul E. Carnell, Christopher J. Henderson, Jennifer K. O'Leary, Dean S. Janiak, Nessa E. O'Connor, Francesca Rossi, Mathieu Cusson, Alistair G. B. Poore, Stéphanie Cimon, Zachary L. Monteith, A. Randall Hughes, Torrance C. Hanley, Peter I. Macreadie, Margot Hessing-Lewis, Bree K. Yednock, Paul H. York, Claudia Kruschel, Richard K. F. Unsworth, Enrique Lozano-Álvarez, Fabio Bulleri, Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centro de Estudis Avanzados de Blanes, Department of Marine Ecology, Department of Biology [Pisa], and University of Pisa - Università di Pisa
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Male, ECOLOGIA MARINHA, seagrass, Climate, Biodiversity, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 01 natural sciences, Global Warming, Food chain, Biomass, Macroecology, Biomass (ecology), Multidisciplinary, Alismatales, Geography, Ecology, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Fishes, Biological Sciences, Latitudinal gradients, biogeography, latitudinal gradients, macroecology, trophic processes, Habitat, Biogeography, Trophic processes, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Female, Food Chain, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Fisheries, 010603 evolutionary biology, Animals, Humans, Ecosystem, Marine ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, Life Below Water, Seagrass, Consumption (economics), 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Global warming, 15. Life on land, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Climate Action, 13. Climate action, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: Este artículo contiene 7 páginas, 3 figuras, 1 tabla., The global distribution of primary production and consumption by humans (fisheries) is well-documented, but we have no map linking the central ecological process of consumption within food webs to temperature and other ecological drivers. Using standardized assays that span 105° of latitude on four continents, we show that rates of bait consumption by generalist predators in shallow marine ecosystems are tightly linked to both temperature and the composition of consumer assemblages. Unexpectedly, rates of consumption peaked at midlatitudes (25 to 35°) in both Northern and Southern Hemispheres across both seagrass and unvegetated sediment habitats. This pattern contrasts with terrestrial systems, where biotic interactions reportedly weaken away from the equator, but it parallels an emerging pattern of a subtropical peak in marine biodiversity. The higher consumption at midlatitudes was closely related to the type of consumers present, which explained rates of consumption better than consumer density, biomass, species diversity, or habitat. Indeed, the apparent effect of temperature on consumption was mostly driven by temperature-associated turnover in consumer community composition. Our findings reinforce the key influence of climate warming on altered species composition and highlight its implications for the functioning of Earth’s ecosystems., We acknowledge funding from the Smithsonian Institution and the Tula Foundation.
Published: 2020

17. Recreational and small-scale fisheries may pose a threat to vulnerable species in coastal and offshore waters of the western Mediterranean

Author: Lloret, J., Biton-Porsmoguer, S, Carréno, S., Di Franco, S, Sahyoun, S, Melià, P, Claudet, J., Sève, J, Ligas, A, Belharet, P, Calò, S, Carbonara, S, Coll, S, Corrales, S, Lembo, S, Sartor, S, Bitetto, S, Vilas, S, Piroddi, J, Prato, R, Charbonnel, J, Bretton, J, Hartmann, R, Prats, R, Font, S, Browman, Howard, UNIVERSITAT DE GIRONA FACULTY OF SCIENCES GIRONA ESP, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro Interuniversitario di Biologia Marina ed Ecologia Applicata (C.I.B.M.), COISPA Tecnologia & Ricerca, COISPA, Institute of Marine Sciences / Institut de Ciències del Mar [Barcelona] (ICM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), W.W.F. Italia, Réserve naturelle marine de Cérbère Banyuls, Réserves Naturelles de France, Réserve Naturelle Marine de la Réunion (GIP-RNMR), Department of environmental sciences, Universitat de Girona (UdG), Ecosystèmes Côtiers Marins et Réponses aux Stress (ECOMERS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), WWF France Fondation, Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL (LabEX CORAIL), Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC)-Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), European Commission, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Lloret, J, Biton-Porsmoguer, S, Carreño, A, Di Franco, A, Sahyoun, R, Melià, P, Claudet, J, Sève, C, Ligas, A, Belharet, M, Calò, A, Carbonara, P, Coll, M, Corrales, X, Lembo, G, Sartor, P, Bitetto, I, Vilas, D, Piroddi, C, Prato, G, Charbonnel, E, Bretton, O, Hartmann, V, Prats, L, and Font, T
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, Small-scale fishers (SSF), Target and by-catch, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, recreational and small-scale fishing, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, AUT, fisheries management, marine protected areas, recreational fisheries (RF), small-scale fisheries (SSF), target and bycatch, threatened species, Marine protected areas, Vulnerable species, 14. Life underwater, Recreation, fishing pressure, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, fishing impacts on vulnerable species, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Extinction, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Management, Fishery, Geography, Scale (social sciences), [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Coastal and offshore fisheries, Marine protected area, Submarine pipeline, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Fishing methods, western mediterranean
Abstract: 10 pages, 3 figures, supplementary material https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsz071, This study evaluates the fishing pressure exerted by the most common recreational and professional, small-scale fishing practices on vulnerable target and bycatch species in coastal and offshore waters of the western Mediterranean. By combining multiple data sources, we assembled a unique dataset on catches at multiple sites in these areas by recreational (RF) and small-scale fisheries (SSF), covering the period from 1997 to 2015. Furthermore, a framework with which to identify the vulnerable species among all the species caught is provided; it is based on the IUCN Red List, international conventions for the protection of flora and fauna, the Habitats Directive and the intrinsic vulnerability index of marine fish. Overall, about a quarter of exploited species targeted by SSF and RF in coastal waters were vulnerable, making up nearly 50% of the total SSF catch and nearly 20% of the total recreational catch. In offshore waters, 100% of the RF and SSF catch was made up of vulnerable species. Among the species caught as bycatch in both areas by SSF and RF, there was a total of 27 vulnerable vertebrate species, which included birds, cetaceans, elasmobranchs and sea turtles. Our results highlight the need to differentiate between different fishing methods or gears when studying the fishing impacts on vulnerable species. The results also indicate that, although RF and SSF are often considered to have a relatively low ecological impact, a range of different fishing methods are affecting vulnerable species in coastal or offshore waters in the western Mediterranean Sea, be they targeted or taken unintentionally as bycatch, This study was carried out within the framework of the EU Research Project SAFENET project (“Sustainable Fisheries in EU Mediterranean Waters through Network of MPAs.”, Call for proposals MARE /2014/41, Grant Agreement n. 721708). S. Biton-Porsmoguer benefited from a postdoctoral fellowship (Reference ROMP–2017–200053791), With the funding support of the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S), of the Spanish Research Agency (AEI)
Published: 2020

18. Assessing spillover from Marine Protected Areas and its drivers: a meta-analytical approach

Author: Antonio Calò, Joachim Claudet, Manfredi Di Lorenzo, Antonio Di Franco, Paolo Guidetti, Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare [Rome, Italie] (CoNISma), Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM), Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare [Palermo] (DiSTeM), Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL (LabEX CORAIL), Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC)-Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Ecosystèmes Côtiers Marins et Réponses aux Stress (ECOMERS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Departamento Ecologia e Hidrologia, Universidad de Murcia, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC)-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Université des Antilles (UA), Di Lorenzo M., Guidetti P., Di Franco A., Calò A., and Claudet J.
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, marine reserve, Fully protected area, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Spillover effect, 14. Life underwater, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, fish, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Marine reserve, small-scale fisheries, Coral reef, 15. Life on land, coral reef, fully protected area, marine reserve, no-take zone, small-scale fisheries, temperate reef, Fishery, temperate reef, Coastal, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, fully protected areas, coral reef, Marine protected area, coral reefs, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, no-take zone
Abstract: International audience; Overfishing may seriously impact fish populations and ecosystems. Marine protected areas (MPAs) are key tools for biodiversity conservation and fisheries management, yet the fisheries benefits remain debateable. Many MPAs include a fully protected area (FPA), restricting all activities, within a partially protected area (PPA) where potentially sustainable activities are permitted. An effective tool for biodiversity conservation, FPAs, can sustain local fisheries via spillover, that is the outward export of individuals from FPAs. Spillover refers to both: “ecological spillover”: outward net emigration of juveniles, subadults and/or adults from the FPA; and “fishery spillover”: the fraction of ecological spillover that directly benefits fishery yields and revenues through fishable biomass. Yet, how common is spillover remains controversial. We present a meta-analysis of a unique global database covering 23 FPAs worldwide, using published literature and purposely collected field data, to assess the capacity of FPAs to export biomass and whether this response was mediated by specific FPA features (e.g. size, age) or species characteristics (e.g. mobility, economic value). Results show fish biomass and abundance outside FPAs was higher: (a) in locations close to FPA borders (200 m); (b) for species with a high commercial value; and (c) in the presence of PPA surrounding the FPA. Spillover was slightly higher in FPAs that were larger and older and for more mobile species. Based on the broadest data set compiled to date on marine species ecological spillover beyond FPAs' borders, our work highlights elements that could guide strategies to enhance local fishery management using MPAs.
Published: 2020

19. Effects of marine noise pollution on Mediterranean fishes and invertebrates: A review

Author: J.M. Cottalorda, L. Di Iorio, C. Sabourault, P. Verrando, Antonio Calò, Paolo Guidetti, Fiorenza Micheli, B. Derijard, E. Di Franco, G. Spennato, F. Priouzeau, A. Di Franco, M. Guibbolini, P. Pierson, Jerome Lebrun, A. Galvé, C. Risso-de Faverney, Francesca Rossi, Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Chaire CHORUS - Fondation Grenoble-INP, Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare [Palermo] (DiSTeM), Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Stanford University, Institut de Biologie Valrose (IBV), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare [Rome, Italie] (CoNISma), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), ANR-15-IDEX-0001,UCA JEDI,Idex UCA JEDI(2015), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia-Antipolis (I3S) / Equipe SIGNAL, Signal, Images et Systèmes (Laboratoire I3S - SIS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Di Franco E., Pierson P., Di Iorio L., Calò A., Cottalorda J.M., Derijard B., Di Franco A., Galve A., Guibbolini M., Lebrun J., Micheli F., Priouzeau F., Risso-de Faverney C., Rossi F., Sabourault C., Spennato G., Verrando P., Guidetti P., GALVE, Audrey, and Idex UCA JEDI - - UCA JEDI2015 - ANR-15-IDEX-0001 - IDEX - VALID
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, Population, 010501 environmental sciences, Aquatic Science, Population and ecosystem impacts, [SDU.STU.OC] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Behavioral alterations, Mediterranean sea, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Sustainable development, [SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Mediterranean Sea, Animals, Humans, 14. Life underwater, education, Marine noise pollution, Environmental planning, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, Ecosystem, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Invertebrate, education.field_of_study, Noise pollution, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Fishes, Behavioral pattern, Behavioral alterations, Marine noise pollution, Population and ecosystem impacts, Stress responses, Sustainable development, Animals, Fishes, Humans, Invertebrates, Mediterranean Sea, Ecosystem, Noise, Stress responses, Pollution, Invertebrates, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Geography, Habitat, 13. Climate action, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Noise
Abstract: International audience; Marine noise pollution (MNP) can cause a multitude of impacts on many organisms, but information is often scattered and general outcomes difficult to assess. We have reviewed the literature on MNP impacts on Mediterranean fish and invertebrates. Both chronic and acute MNP produced by various human activities - e.g. maritime traffic, pile driving, air guns - were found to cause detectable effects on intra-specific communication, vital processes, physiology, behavioral patterns, health status and survival. These effects on individuals can extend to inducing population- and ecosystem-wide alterations, especially when MNP impacts functionally important species, such as keystone predators and habitat forming species. Curbing the threats of MNP in the Mediterranean Sea is a challenging task, but a variety of measures could be adopted to mitigate MNP impacts. Successful measures will require more accurate information on impacts and that effective management of MNP really becomes a priority in the policy makers' agenda.
Published: 2020

20. Improving marine protected area governance through collaboration and co-production

Author: Katie E. Hogg, Antonio Di Franco, Drosos Koutsoubas, Nathan J. Bennett, Luca Santarossa, Oscar Esparza Alaminos, Paolo Guidetti, Marco Milazzo, Marianne Lang, Antonio Calò, Federico Niccolini, Marie-Aude Sévin-Allouet, Mosor Prvan, Di Franco A., Hogg K.E., Calò A., Bennett N.J., Sevin-Allouet M.-A., Esparza Alaminos O., Lang M., Koutsoubas D., Prvan M., Santarossa L., Niccolini F., Milazzo M., Guidetti P., Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)
Subjects: Good governance, Conservation of Natural Resources, Environmental Engineering, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Psychological intervention, Fisheries, Stakeholder engagement, Context (language use), Marine Biology, Action research,Co-production, Collaboration, Good governance, Marine protected areas, Perceived socio-ecological benefits, Animals, Biodiversity, Fishes, Humans, Marine Biology, Mediterranean Sea, Conservation of Natural Resources, Fisheries, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 01 natural sciences, Leverage (negotiation), Marine protected areas, Mediterranean Sea, Animals, Humans, 14. Life underwater, Action research, Waste Management and Disposal, Environmental planning, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Corporate governance, Fishes, General Medicine, Biodiversity, Co-production, Collaboration, Perceived socio-ecological benefits, 020801 environmental engineering, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Marine protected area, Business
Abstract: Marine protected areas (MPAs) socio-ecological effectiveness depends on a number of management and governance elements, among which stakeholder engagement and community support play key roles. Collaborative conservation initiatives that engage stakeholders in action research and knowledge co-production processes can enhance management and governance of MPAs. To design effective strategies aimed at reconciling biodiversity conservation and management of sustainable human uses, it is key to assess how local communities respond to such initiatives and identify the set of contextual factors, institutional, local and individual, potentially affecting these responses. This paper presents the approach and results of one such initiative, spanning 6 EU countries and 11 MPAs in the Mediterranean Sea, focusing on small-scale fishers as key MPA users. Through a collaborative project, managers and fishers agreed upon specific governance interventions (e.g. increasing stakeholder engagement, engaging fishers in monitoring activities, reducing fishing efforts) to be implemented in each MPA for one year. Structured surveys queried: MPA managers on the MPA context, governance structure, feasibility and effectiveness of the tested interventions; and small-scale fishers on their perceptions of the impact of the tested interventions on a set of 9 socio-ecological variables (e.g. amount of fish caught, level of participation in decision-making, support for the MPA). Results revealed that the interventions tested were relatively feasible, effective and cost-effective. Fishers reported positive perceptions of the interventions for the 9 variables considered, especially for level of support for the MPA and for those associated with aspects of governance. Proportional odds models highlighted perceived effects are maximized under certain institutional, local and individual circumstances (e.g. old MPAs, small fisher communities, and fishers with a high proportion of income from fisheries). Findings highlight that employing good governance processes involving stakeholders may rapidly generate improved local support for conservation and provide insights for potential leverage points upon which to act to maximize perceived effectiveness and enhance support toward MPAs.
Published: 2020

21. Towards a purposeful construction of a new generation of artificial reefs : Comparative analyses of the intrinsic factors favouring their colonization from micro to macro-scale

Author: Riera, Elisabeth, Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Université Côte d'Azur, Patrice Francour, and Cédric Hubas
Subjects: Artificial reefs, Heavy metals contamination, Matériaux des récifs artificiels, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Hight Performance Liquid Chromatography, Extracellular Polymeric Substances, Metagenomic, Substances polymériques extracellulaires, Hétérogénéité, Artificial reef substrates, Complexité, Contamination en métaux lourds, Récif artificiels, Artificial reef structure, Biofilm, Colonisation des récifs artificiels, Complexity, Macrofouling, Colonisation of artificial reefs, Imaging Pam, Structure des récifs artificiels, 3D CAD model, Chromatographie en phase liquide, Heterogeneity, Modèle numérique 3D CAD, Métagénomique
Abstract: Artificial reefs are submerged structures deliberately placed on the seabed to mimic some characteristics of a natural habitat, they have been used for thousands of years by fishermen to improve their fishing practices and recently they are also used for the protection or even the restoration of certain marine habitats. Despite these various objectives, there is still a lack of scientific fundaments for determining the quality of these submerged structures in order to assess their effectiveness. The present works, focused on the study of their intrinsic characteristics, namely their materials and their structures. A combined monitoring of the biofilm and the macrofouling on different substrates, supplemented by an analysis of their heavy metal content allowed to highlight the quality of certain substrates used for the construction of artificial reefs. Simple monitoring of the biofilm has proven to be an efficient indicator for highlighting these differences to validate the use of a particular substrate.In addition, the development of a method to assess the complexity and heterogeneity of artificial reefs has enabled us to give a relevant classification of the various existing structures. This standardized method will allow to assess in situ the influence of structural parameters of artificial reefs on recruitment, abundance, distribution and/or diversity. A first study at the microscopic scale revealed the influence of substrate structure on both the abundance of biofilm and the photosynthetic activity of these communities.A more precise scientific framework is now available to guide the construction of artificial reefs on the choice of materials and the design of artificial reef structures in order to optimize the effectiveness of artificial reef immersion project.; Les récifs artificiels sont des structures immergées posées délibérément sur le fond marin pour imiter certaines caractéristiques d’un habitat naturel, ils sont utilisés depuis des milliers d’années par les hommes dans le but d’améliorer leurs pratiques de pêches et depuis peu ils sont également employés pour la protection voire la restauration de certains habitats marins. Malgré ces divers objectifs, il réside encore un manque de fondements scientifiques pour déterminer la qualité de ces structures mises à l’eau afin d’en évaluer leur efficacité. Les présent travaux, focalisés sur l’étude de leurs caractéristiques intrinsèques, à savoir leurs matériaux et leurs structuresUn suivi conjugué du biofilm et du macrofouling sur différents substrats, complété par une analyse de leur contenu en métaux lourds a permis de mettre en évidence la qualité de certains substrats utilisé pour la construction de récifs artificiel. Le suivi simple du biofilm s’est révélé être un bon indicateur pour mettre en valeur ces différences de façon simple et rapide pour valider l’utilisation de tel ou tel substrat. Par ailleurs, la mise au point d’une méthode destinée à évaluer la complexité et l’hétérogénéité des récifs artificiels a permis de donner une classification pertinente des différentes structures existantes. Cette méthode standardisée permettra d’évaluer in situ l’influence des paramètres structuraux des récifs artificiels sur le recrutement, l’abondance, la distribution et/ou la diversité. Une première étude à l’échelle microscopique a permis de révéler l’influence de la structure du substrat à la fois sur l’abondance du biofilm et sur l’activité photosynthétique de ces communautés.L’ensemble de ces résultats permet d’offrir un cadre scientifique plus précis pour aborder la construction des récifs artificiels sur le choix de leurs matériaux et de leurs designs. De futures lignes directrices pourraient être émises afin d’optimiser l’efficacité de tout projet d’immersion de récifs artificiels.
Published: 2020

22. Towards a purposeful construction of a new generation of artificial reefs : Comparative analyses of the intrinsic factors favouring their colonization from micro to macro-scale

Author: Elisabeth Riera, Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Université Côte d'Azur, Patrice Francour, Cédric Hubas, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)
Subjects: Artificial reefs, Heavy metals contamination, Matériaux des récifs artificiels, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Hight Performance Liquid Chromatography, Extracellular Polymeric Substances, Metagenomic, Substances polymériques extracellulaires, Hétérogénéité, Artificial reef substrates, Complexité, Contamination en métaux lourds, Récif artificiels, Artificial reef structure, Biofilm, Colonisation des récifs artificiels, Complexity, Macrofouling, Colonisation of artificial reefs, Imaging Pam, Structure des récifs artificiels, 3D CAD model, Chromatographie en phase liquide, Heterogeneity, Modèle numérique 3D CAD, Métagénomique
Abstract: Artificial reefs are submerged structures deliberately placed on the seabed to mimic some characteristics of a natural habitat, they have been used for thousands of years by fishermen to improve their fishing practices and recently they are also used for the protection or even the restoration of certain marine habitats. Despite these various objectives, there is still a lack of scientific fundaments for determining the quality of these submerged structures in order to assess their effectiveness. The present works, focused on the study of their intrinsic characteristics, namely their materials and their structures. A combined monitoring of the biofilm and the macrofouling on different substrates, supplemented by an analysis of their heavy metal content allowed to highlight the quality of certain substrates used for the construction of artificial reefs. Simple monitoring of the biofilm has proven to be an efficient indicator for highlighting these differences to validate the use of a particular substrate.In addition, the development of a method to assess the complexity and heterogeneity of artificial reefs has enabled us to give a relevant classification of the various existing structures. This standardized method will allow to assess in situ the influence of structural parameters of artificial reefs on recruitment, abundance, distribution and/or diversity. A first study at the microscopic scale revealed the influence of substrate structure on both the abundance of biofilm and the photosynthetic activity of these communities.A more precise scientific framework is now available to guide the construction of artificial reefs on the choice of materials and the design of artificial reef structures in order to optimize the effectiveness of artificial reef immersion project.; Les récifs artificiels sont des structures immergées posées délibérément sur le fond marin pour imiter certaines caractéristiques d’un habitat naturel, ils sont utilisés depuis des milliers d’années par les hommes dans le but d’améliorer leurs pratiques de pêches et depuis peu ils sont également employés pour la protection voire la restauration de certains habitats marins. Malgré ces divers objectifs, il réside encore un manque de fondements scientifiques pour déterminer la qualité de ces structures mises à l’eau afin d’en évaluer leur efficacité. Les présent travaux, focalisés sur l’étude de leurs caractéristiques intrinsèques, à savoir leurs matériaux et leurs structuresUn suivi conjugué du biofilm et du macrofouling sur différents substrats, complété par une analyse de leur contenu en métaux lourds a permis de mettre en évidence la qualité de certains substrats utilisé pour la construction de récifs artificiel. Le suivi simple du biofilm s’est révélé être un bon indicateur pour mettre en valeur ces différences de façon simple et rapide pour valider l’utilisation de tel ou tel substrat. Par ailleurs, la mise au point d’une méthode destinée à évaluer la complexité et l’hétérogénéité des récifs artificiels a permis de donner une classification pertinente des différentes structures existantes. Cette méthode standardisée permettra d’évaluer in situ l’influence des paramètres structuraux des récifs artificiels sur le recrutement, l’abondance, la distribution et/ou la diversité. Une première étude à l’échelle microscopique a permis de révéler l’influence de la structure du substrat à la fois sur l’abondance du biofilm et sur l’activité photosynthétique de ces communautés.L’ensemble de ces résultats permet d’offrir un cadre scientifique plus précis pour aborder la construction des récifs artificiels sur le choix de leurs matériaux et de leurs designs. De futures lignes directrices pourraient être émises afin d’optimiser l’efficacité de tout projet d’immersion de récifs artificiels.
Published: 2020

23. Modelling European small pelagic fish distribution: Methodological insights

Author: Alexandre Schickele, Virginie Raybaud, Eric Goberville, Patrice Francour, Tarek Hattab, Boris Leroy, Grégory Beaugrand, Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 (LOG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecosystèmes Côtiers Marins et Réponses aux Stress (ECOMERS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, UMR 7035 ECOSEAS, Nice, France, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), and Université de Lille-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Range (biology), [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Species distribution, Climate change, pseudo-absence, Spatial distribution, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 14. Life underwater, species distribution models, uncertainty, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Sampling bias, Ecological niche, Ecological Modeling, small pelagic fish, Pelagic zone, sampling bias, Environmental niche modelling, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental science, Physical geography, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, convex hull
Abstract: International audience; The distribution of marine organisms is strongly influenced by climatic gradients worldwide. The ecological niche (sensu Hutchinson) of a species, i.e. the combination of environmental tolerances and resources required by an organism, interacts with the environment to determine its geographical range. This duality between niche and distribution allows climate change biologists to model potential species’ distributions from past to future conditions. While species distribution models (SDMs) have been intensively used over the last years, no consensual framework to parametrise, calibrate and evaluate models has emerged. Here, to model the contemporary (1990–2017) spatial distribution of seven highly harvested European small pelagic fish species, we implemented a comprehensive and replicable numerical procedure based on 8 SDMs (7 from the Biomod2 framework plus the NPPEN model). This procedure considers critical issues in species distribution modelling such as sampling bias, pseudo-absence selection, model evaluation and uncertainty quantification respectively through (i) an environmental filtration of observation data, (ii) a convex hull based pseudo-absence selection, (iii) a multi-criteria evaluation of model outputs and (iv) an ensemble modelling approach. By mitigating environmental sampling bias in observation data and by identifying the most ecologically relevant predictors, our framework helps to improve the modelling of fish species’ environmental suitability. Not only average temperature, but also temperature variability appears as major factors driving small pelagic fish distribution, and areas of highest environmental suitability were found along the north-western Mediterranean coasts, the Bay of Biscay and the North Sea. We demonstrate in this study that the use of appropriate data pre-processing techniques, an often-overlooked step in modelling, increase model predictive performance, strengthening our confidence in the reliability of predictions.
Published: 2020

24. Multi-zone marine protected areas: Assessment of ecosystem and fisheries benefits using multiple ecosystem models

Author: Jeroen Steenbeek, Antonio Calò, Paolo Sartor, Joachim Claudet, Alessandro Ligas, X. Corrales, Josep Lloret, Daniel Vilas, R. Sahyoun, Chiara Piroddi, Marta Coll, Paolo Guidetti, Toni Font, Giulia Prato, A. Di Franco, Corrales X., Vilas D., Piroddi C., Steenbeek J., Claudet J., Lloret J., Calò A., Di Franco A., Font T., Ligas A., Prato G., Sahyoun R., Sartor P., Guidetti P., Coll M., Institute of Marine Sciences / Institut de Ciències del Mar [Barcelona] (ICM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Spain & Ecopath International Initiative Research Association, Institut de Ciències del Mar, AZTI - Tecnalia, European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat de Girona [Girona], Universitat de Girona (UdG), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare [Palermo] (DiSTeM), Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), School of Forest Resources and Conservation [Gainesville] (UF|IFAS|FFGS), Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences [Gainesville] (UF|IFAS), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF)-University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centro Interuniversitario di Biologia Marina ed Ecologia Applicata (C.I.B.M.), W.W.F. Italia, Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare [Rome, Italie] (CoNISma), European Commission, and Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Marine conservation, Resource (biology), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, Recreational fisheries, 01 natural sciences, Ecological indicators, Recreational fishing, Marine protected areas, Marine ecosystem, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, Baseline (configuration management), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Small-scale fisheries, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, 15. Life on land, Ecopath model, Fishery, Ecological indicator, Ecological indicators, Ecopath model, Marine protected areas, Northwestern Mediterranean sea, Recreational fisheries, Small-scale fisheries, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental science, Marine protected area, Northwestern Mediterranean sea, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: 12 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, 1 appendix supplementary data https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2020.105232, The current alarming state of many coastal ecosystems and fisheries calls for the development of tools to support recovery of exploited stocks, ensure their sustainable exploitation and protect marine ecosystems. Multi-zone Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are often advocated to reconcile conservation and fisheries benefits. However, while there is a consensus about the ecological benefits whether such types of MPAs can really provide both benefits is still uncertain. Here, we analysed three existing Northwestern Mediterranean multi-zone MPAs (Cerbère-Banyuls, Cap de Creus and Medes Islands) using a comparative temporal ecosystem modelling approach to assess their effectiveness over time in recovering marine resources and ecosystem in the area. Our results showed differences in the ecological effectiveness of the three MPAs, potentially driven by MPA design, management and implementation features. Temporal increases of benefits were small, whenever detected, and showed slight recoveries of some target species and ecological indicators, mostly in Cerbère-Banyuls and Medes Islands MPAs. Our results confirm the benefits of protection to coastal marine resources and ecosystems when MPAs are enforced but highlight the current limitations of the three MPAs due to their small size and the significant impacts of small-scale and recreational fisheries. This study illustrates the capability to evaluate protection effects of small multi-zone MPAs with an ecosystem modelling perspective and represents the baseline to develop future scenarios of alternative management options to foster ecosystem recovery and resource rebuilding in the studied MPAs, This work was funded by EU Research Project SAFENET (“Sustainable Fisheries in EU Mediterranean waters through Network of MPAs). Call for proposal MARE/2014/41, Grant Agreement n. 721708, With the funding support of the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S), of the Spanish Research Agency (AEI)
Published: 2020

25. In Memoriam, Professor Patrice Francour (13 April 1960–13 October 2019)

Author: Paolo Guidetti, Mireille Harmelin-Vivien, Wojciech Piasecki, Virginie Raybaud, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, ECOSEAS, Nice, France, Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: History, biology, National park, obituary, Art history, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Aquatic Science, Obituary, Marine Biology (journal), list of publications, biology.organism_classification, history of science, Posidonia oceanica, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 040102 fisheries, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, 14. Life underwater, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, History of science
Abstract: International audience; It is with shock and great sadness that we heard of the sudden passing of our distinguished colleague and friend, Professor Patrice Francour, at the age of 59, from pancreatic cancer against which he courageously fought till the end. During his whole life, he worked to protect the seas and the oceans, especially the Mediterranean Sea, which was so dear to him. Born in Paris in 1960, Patrice Francour studied marine biology and ecology at Paris VI University. For his master’s degree internship (DEA) in 1984, he went to Marseille to study the fauna of the Posidonia oceanica meadows with Prof. C.F. Boudouresque’s team. A few years later (1990), he completed his PhD at the Banyuls-sur-Mer Marine Station, under the dual auspices of Paris VI University and Aix-Marseille II University. His PhD thesis was centered on the study of the dynamics of the Posidonia oceanica ecosystem in the Port-Cros National Park. He focused his research on quantifying the biomass variations of the different compartments of this ecosystem in order to develop the modeling of its trophic functioning. Subsequently (1994–1995), he worked as a postdoctoral researcher at the Portobello Marine Laboratory, in New Zealand, collaborating with Prof. E. Harvey and his associates…
Published: 2020

26. Removal of an established invader can change gross primary production of native macroalgae and alter carbon flow in intertidal rock pools

Author: Rossi, Francesca, Viejo, Rosa M., Duarte, Linney, Vaz-Pinto, Fatima, Gestoso, Ignacio, Olabarria, Celia, Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Facultade de Ciencias del Mar, and Universidade de Vigo
Subjects: Invasive Species, Marine and Aquatic Sciences, 2510.04 Botánica Marina, Tides, Mathematical and Statistical Techniques, Microalgae, 17605/OSF, Biomass, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 2401.19 Zoología Marina, Ecology, Physics, Statistics, 2417.13 Ecología Vegetal, Eukaryota, Biodiversity, Plants, Geophysics, Data are available from the Open Science Framework: 10, Physical Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Medicine, IO/7TE4X, Ecosystem Functioning, Research Article, Algae, Ecological Metrics, Nitrogen, Science, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Research and Analysis Methods, Ecosystems, Species Colonization, Sea Water, Seawater, Statistical Methods, Ecosystem, Analysis of Variance, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Sargassum, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Aquatic Environments, Seaweed, Marine Environments, Carbon, Spain, Earth Sciences, 2401 Biología Animal (Zoología), [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Introduced Species, Mathematics
Abstract: The impact of invasive species on recipient communities can vary with environmental context and across levels of biological complexity. We investigated how an established invasive seaweed species affected the biomass, eco-physiology, carbon and nitrogen storage capacity of native seaweeds at sites with a different environmental setting due to a persistent upwelling in northern Spain. We removed the invasive Japanese wireweed Sargassum muticum from intertidal rock pools once every month during a one-year period and used an in-situ stable isotope pulse-chase labeling to estimate gross primary production (GPP), nitrogen uptake rate, 13C-carbon and 15N-nitrogen storage capacities. Following the addition of 13C-enriched bicarbonate and 15N-enriched nitrate to the seawater in the rock pools during the period of the low tide, we sampled macroalgal thalli at incoming tide to determine label uptake rate. After four days, we sampled macroalgal assemblages to determine both label storage capacity and biomass. After one year of removal there was no change in the macroalgal assemblage. However, both the GPP and 13C-carbon storage capacity were higher in the turf-forming Corallina spp. and, sometimes, in the canopy-forming Bifurcaria bifurcata. Nitrogen uptake rate followed similar, but more variable results. Although S. muticum inhibited carbon storage capacity of native species, the assemblage-level 13C-carbon storage was similar in the S. muticum—removed and control rock pools because the presence of the invasive species compensated for the functional loss of native species, particularly at sites where it was most abundant. No obvious effects were observed in relation to the environmental setting. Overall, the effect of the invasive S. muticum on carbon flow appeared to be mediated both by the effects on resource-use efficiency of native species and by its own biomass. Integrating physiological and assemblage-level responses can provide a broad understanding of how invasive species affect recipient communities and ecosystem functioning. Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España) | Ref. CGL2009-07205 Xunta de Galicia | Ref. ED431C 2017/46
Published: 2019

27. Inconsistent relationships among protection, benthic assemblage, habitat complexity and fish biomass in Mediterranean temperate rocky reefs

Author: Paolo Guidetti, Simona Bussotti, Manfredi Di Lorenzo, Antonio Di Franco, Antonio Calò, Carlo Nike Bianchi, Luisa Mangialajo, Eugenio Di Franco, Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare [Palermo] (DiSTeM), Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Ambiente e della Vita (DISTAV), Universita degli studi di Genova, Di Franco E., Di Franco A., Calò A., Di Lorenzo M., Mangialajo L., Bussotti S., Bianchi C.N., and Guidetti P.
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, General Decision Sciences, 010501 environmental sciences, Biology, Cystoseira, Fish assemblages, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Mediterranean Sea, 14. Life underwater, Transect, Reef, QH540-549.5, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Abiotic component, geography, Biomass (ecology), geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecological indices, Ecology, fungi, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Habitat complexity, MPA, Habitat, Benthic zone, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Marine protected area, Benthic cover
Abstract: International audience; Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) have been proved to effectively protect and restore fish assemblages. There is mixed evidence regarding the effects of MPAs on benthic assemblages, habitat complexity, and how protection might mediate the effects of habitat features (including biotic and abiotic components) on fish assemblages, with very little information concerning temperate areas. Here, our aim is to assess how protection 1) influences benthic assemblages and habitat complexity, and 2) mediates the effects of habitat complexity on fishes.Using non-destructive methods (photosampling for shallow rocky benthic assemblages, and underwater visual census using strip transects for fish assemblages) to characterize benthic and fish assemblages, we sampled 15 Mediterranean locations, each including protected and unprotected sites. In all, we sampled 90 sites, and analyzed 2,760 photos and 800 replicated transects, gathering information on 44 benthic and 72 fish taxa. Abiotic, biotic and synthetic (i.e. combining the previous two) complexity indices have been computed to synthesize habitat features. Overall, whole benthic assemblages did not significantly differ between protected and unprotected conditions, but higher cover of the ecologically important erect algae belonging to the genus Cystoseira sensu lato was recorded within MPAs. Abiotic, biotic and synthetic complexity did not show clear patterns related to protection levels, displaying inconsistent responses between different locations. Our findings highlight that protection has a generally positive effect on fish biomass, this latter variable responding independently of the habitat complexity.Our study, in conclusion, confirms that MPAs can be effective to protect and restore rocky-reef assemblages, highlighting the need for more in-depth exploration of the mechanisms determining the different responses of benthic taxa to protection and how this can influence the associated fish assemblages.
Published: 2021

28. Patterns of predation on native and invasive alien fish in Mediterranean protected and unprotected areas

Author: Patrice Francour, Pierre Thiriet, Sylvaine Giakoumi, Alexis Pey, Paolo Guidetti, Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Patrimoine naturel (PatriNat), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Office français de la biodiversité (OFB), ANR-16-ACHN-0016,PAVIS,Évaluation des relations entre les aires marines protégées et les espèces invasives(2016), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Conservation of Natural Resources, Time Factors, predators, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Fishing, Population Dynamics, Alien, Aquatic Science, Mediterranean, Oceanography, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, invasive fish, Predation, Siganus rivulatus, tethering experiment, Predatory fish, Animals, no-take marine reserves, 14. Life underwater, Ecosystem, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, fungi, Fishes, General Medicine, Boops boops, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, Fishery, Overexploitation, Predatory Behavior, Marine protected area, Introduced Species, marine protected areas
Abstract: International audience; Worldwide, the loss of predatory fish due to overexploitation has altered the structure of native communities and caused ecosystem shifts. Ecosystems deprived of high-level predators may be more vulnerable to invasive alien species as the latter are subject to reduced predation control. Marine protected areas (MPAs), and particularly no-take reserves where fishing is banned, can be effective tools for the restoration of predatory relationships within their boundaries. We explored whether the restoration of high-level predatory fish populations within Mediterranean MPAs can exert top-down control on alien fish. Fish tethering experiments, including native (Sardina pilchardus, Boops boops) and alien (Siganus rivulatus) dead specimens, were conducted to quantify predation within the no-take zones of three MPAs and in unprotected areas, and to assess potential differences in predation rates and prey type preferences. A subsample of experimental units was filmed to document predation events and related fish behavior. More high-level predators interacted with the tethered fish inside the MPAs than in unprotected areas. Yet we did not find significant differences in the consumption of alien or native fishes between MPAs and unprotected areas. The native S.pilchardus was consumed more in comparison to the other tethered fishes, regardless of protection status and location. Interestingly, the alien S. rivulatus was consumed by native predators in the western Mediterranean locations where this alien fish is not established. Despite its limitations, our study provides evidence on the ability of some native predators to feed on and potentially control certain alien species without requiring ‘adaptive’ time-lag periods.
Published: 2019

29. A multidisciplinary analytical framework to delineate spawning areas and quantify larval dispersal in coastal fish

Author: A. Di Franco, Enrico Ser-Giacomi, Antonio Calò, Térence Legrand, Vincent Rossi, Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), School of Culture, History & Language, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Legrand T., Di Franco A., Ser-Giacomi E., Calo A., Rossi V., Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Processus et interactions de fine échelle océanique (PROTEO), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare [Palermo] (DiSTeM), and Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Conservation of Natural Resources, Oceans and Seas, Population Dynamics, Coastal fish, Ecosystem Management, Conservation, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Fish natal origins, medicine, Mediterranean Sea, Animals, Diplodus vulgaris, Marine ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, Ecosystem, Otolith, Marine Protected Area, Lagrangian Flow Network, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Fish natal origin, biology, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Fishes, Marine connectivity, Pelagic zone, General Medicine, Diplodus, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, Coastal fishes, Coastal fishe, medicine.anatomical_structure, Larva, Biological dispersal, Marine protected area, Models-hydrodynamics, Models-hydrodynamic
Abstract: International audience; Assessing larval dispersal is essential to understand the structure and dynamics of marine populations. However, knowledge about early-life dispersal is sparse, and so is our understanding of the spawning process, perhaps the most obscure component of biphasic life cycles. Indeed, the poorly known species-specific spawning modality and early-life traits, along with the high spatio-temporal variability of the oceanic circulation experienced during larval drift, hamper our ability to properly appraise the realized connectivity of coastal fishes. Here, we propose an analytical framework which combines Lagrangian modeling, network theory, otolith analyses and biogeographical information to pinpoint and characterize larval sources which are then grouped into discrete spawning areas. Such well-delineated sources and their predetermined settlement sites allow improving the quantitative evaluations of both dispersal scales and connectivity patterns. To illustrate its added value, our approach is applied to two case-studies focusing on D. sargus and D. vulgaris in the Adriatic sea. We evidence robust correlations between otolith geochemistry and modelled spawning areas to assess their relative importance for the larval replenishment of the Apulian coast. Our results show that, contrary to D. sargus, D. vulgaris larvae originate from both eastern and western Adriatic shorelines. Our findings also suggest that dispersal distances and dispersal surfaces scale differently with the pelagic larval duration. Furthermore, almost 30 % of D. sargus larvae and 10 % of D. vulgaris larvae of the Apulian populations come from Tremiti marine protected area (MPA), exemplifying larval spill-over from MPAs to surrounding unprotected areas. This flexible multidisciplinary framework, which can be adjusted to other coastal fish and oceanic system, exploits the explanatory power of a model tuned and backed-up by observations to provide more reliable scientific basis for the management and conservation of marine ecosystems.
Published: 2019

30. Management priorities for marine invasive species

Author: Sylvaine Giakoumi, Alan Deidun, Ernesto Azzurro, Stelios Katsanevakis, Emma Cebrian, Carlos Jiménez, Yassine Ramzi Sghaier, Gil Rilov, Paolo G. Albano, Patrice Francour, Vesna Mačić, Ana Cristina Cardoso, Dor Edelist, Anna Occhipinti-Ambrogi, Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)
Subjects: Marine conservation, Prioritization, Conservation of Natural Resources, Management actions, Environmental Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Decision Making, Non-native species, Distribution (economics), 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Invasive species, Expert knowledge elicitation, Environmental Chemistry, Marine ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, Biological invasions, Invasions biològiques, Alien species, Waste Management and Disposal, Environmental planning, Ecosystem, Marine invasive species, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Public awareness, Introduced organisms, business.industry, Biodiversity, 15. Life on land, Pollution, Animals invasors, Geography, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Metric (unit), business, Introduced Species, Espècies introduïdes
Abstract: Este artículo contiene 8 páginas, 2 figuras, 1 tabla., Managing invasive alien species is particularly challenging in the ocean mainly because marine ecosystems are highly connected across broad spatial scales. Eradication of marine invasive species has only been achieved when species were detected early, and management responded rapidly. Generalized approaches, transferable across marine regions, for prioritizing actions to control invasive populations are currently lacking. Here, expert knowledge was elicited to prioritize 11 management actions for controlling 12 model species, distinguished by differences in dispersion capacity, distribution in the area to be managed, and taxonomic identity. Each action was assessed using five criteria (effectiveness, feasibility, acceptability, impacts on native communities, and cost), which were combined in an ‘applicability’ metric. Raising public awareness and encouraging the commercial use of invasive species were highly prioritized, whereas biological control actions were considered the least applicable. Our findings can guide rapid decision-making on prioritizing management options for the control of invasive species especially at early stages of invasion, when reducing managers' response time is critical., This work is a contribution of the ANR project “PAVIS: Assessing the relationships between marine protected areas and invasive species” (ANR-16-ACHN-0016-01) and the COST Action 15121 “MarCons: Advancingmarine conservation in the European and contiguous seas” supported by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (CA15121).
Published: 2019

31. Organization Science improves management effectiveness of Marine Protected Areas

Author: Valentina Cappanera, Francesco De Franco, Eric Charbonnel, Antonio Di Franco, Claudia Scianna, Carlo Nike Bianchi, Pier Panzalis, Charalampos Dimitriadis, Paolo Guidetti, Jean-Michel Culioli, Luisa Scaccia, Pasquale Santoro, Giuseppe Di Carlo, Steven D. Gaines, Sylvaine Giakoumi, Federico Niccolini, Simone Bava, Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)
Subjects: Marine conservation, Conservation of Natural Resources, Environmental Engineering, Life on Land, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Fisheries, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 01 natural sciences, Level of Effort, Environmental protection, Organizational size, Animals, 14. Life underwater, Biomass, Waste Management and Disposal, Management process, Life Below Water, Organizations, Employees, Management performance, Ecosystem, Fishes, Ecology Fish biomass, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Fish biomass, Ecology, General Medicine, 020801 environmental engineering, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Marine conservation, Management performance, Employees, Fish biomass, Management process, Environmental science, Marine protected area, Organization science, Environmental Sciences
Abstract: The ecological management effectiveness (EME) of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) is the degree to which MPAs reach their ecological goals. The significant variability of EME among MPAs has been partly explained by MPA design, management and implementation features (e.g. surface area, enforcement, age of protection). We investigated EME variability by employing, for the first time, Organization Science. Eight Mediterranean MPAs were taken into account as case studies to explore the relationships between EME and MPA features, such as: 1) organizational size (i.e. the ratio between the number of full-time employees and the total MPA surface area), 2) management performance (i.e. the level of effort exerted to enhance and sustain the MPA management, including enforcement), 3) total surface area, and 4) MPA age. The log-response ratios of fish biomass and density in protected vs unprotected (control) areas were used as a proxy of EME. Management performance, organizational size and, to a lesser extent, MPA age were positively correlated with the log-response ratio of fish biomass, whereas total surface area did not display a significant role. None of the four features considered was significantly correlated with the log-response ratio of fish density. Based on our findings, we argue that the employment of Organization Science in the management effectiveness assessment can assist MPA managers to reach MPAs goals more effectively, with a more efficient use of available resources.
Published: 2019

32. Geographic distances and ocean currents influence Caribbean Acropora palmata population connectivity in the Lesser Antilles

Author: Claude Bouchon, Cécile Fauvelot, Aurélien Japaud, Hélène Magalon, Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Ecologie marine tropicale dans les Océans Pacifique et Indien (ENTROPIE [Réunion]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Ecologie marine tropicale des océans Pacifique et Indien (ENTROPIE [Nouvelle-Calédonie]), Ifremer - Nouvelle-Calédonie, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie])-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC), Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie])-Ifremer - Nouvelle-Calédonie, and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Lesser Antilles, Species distribution, Population, Biodiversity, Acropora, DIVERSITE SPECIFIQUE, Larval dispersal, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Genetic diversity, GENETIQUE DE POPULATION, 03 medical and health sciences, ESPECE MENACEE, DISPERSION, Genetics, 14. Life underwater, education, Reef, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, education.field_of_study, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], biology, Ecology, Isolation-by-distance, biology.organism_classification, CORAIL, 030104 developmental biology, STRUCTURE GENETIQUE, connectivity, Archipelago, Genetic structure, Biological dispersal, LARVE, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; The critically endangered coral species Acropora palmata used to dominate shallow Caribbean reefs but since the early 1980s, populations have dramatically declined. At the Caribbean scale, A. palmata is divided into two genetically divergent lineages and most of previous works investigating population connectivity among populations involved the western line-age (in Florida, the Bahamas, the Mesoamerican Reef System, and the Greater Antilles). Small scale genetic connectivity among A. palmata populations was globally found, possibly enhancing populations' recovery at the local scale. Yet, little is known regarding the genetic connectivity of populations of the eastern lineage, especially those of the Lesser Antilles, a fragmented archipelago located at the edge of the species distribution. Here, we filled this gap by investigating the genetic diversity, population structure and connectivity of A. palmata populations among 36 sampled sites from 11 islands of the Lesser Antilles using 14 hypervariable microsatellite loci. Globally, genetic diversity levels in A. palmata populations from the Lesser Antilles were lower compared to what was previously reported within the Wider Caribbean. The analysis of the genetic structure, crossed with spatial autocorrelation analysis, revealed an isolation-by-distance pattern at both reef and Lesser Antilles scales. A gene dispersal distance of less than a kilometer, and a northward gene flow direction, in agreement with ocean surface currents in the region were found. Altogether, our results suggest a restricted population connectivity and short distance dispersal of A. palmata larvae within the Lesser Antilles further limited by geographic distances among suitable habitat patches. Additionally, our results suggest that southernmost populations are potential sources of larvae for the most northerly islands and have a key role in reseeding A. palmata populations of the Lesser Antilles.
Published: 2019

33. Persistent gender bias in marine science and conservation calls for action to achieve equity

Author: Elena Gissi, Michelle E. Portman, Sylvaine Giakoumi, Simonetta Fraschetti, Vanessa Stelzenmüller, Cristina Pita, Isidora Katara, Elena Lloret-Lloret, Marta Coll, Francesca Rossi, Fiorenza Micheli, European Cooperation in Science and Technology, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ecosystèmes Côtiers Marins et Réponses aux Stress (ECOMERS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Universidade de Aveiro, Marine Sciences Institute of Andalusia, Spanish Council for Scientific Research. ICMAN (CSIC), Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare [Rome, Italie] (CoNISma), University Iuav of Venice, Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Department of Mathematics (TECHNION), Technion - Israel Institute of Technology [Haifa], Thünen-Institute of Sea Fisheries, Smithsonian Institution, Åbo Akademi University [Turku], Giakoumi, S., Pita, C., Coll, M., Fraschetti, S., Gissi, E., Katara, I., Lloret-Lloret, E., Rossi, F., Portman, M., Stelzenmuller, V., and Micheli, F.
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Compromise, media_common.quotation_subject, education, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, Gender equity, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Representation (politics), 5. Gender equality, Political science, Perception, media_common.cataloged_instance, European Union, 14. Life underwater, European union, Empowerment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Nature and Landscape Conservation, media_common, Women representation, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Equity (finance), STEM career, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Leaky pipeline, Leadership, Oceanography, Publishing, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business, Diversity (politics)
Abstract: 7 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, supplementary data https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109134, The increasing consideration of gender balance in conservation science and practice has been reflected in the setting of global commitments. Yet, women remain under-represented in science and conservation decision-making. We compiled and analyzed data on the representation of women in hiring, publishing, funding, and leadership positions in European Union marine sciences and conservation. To explore scientists' perceptions of gender imbalance in marine sciences and conservation more broadly, we conducted a global survey and analyzed 764 questionnaires from 42 countries. Participants were also asked to identify measures that promote gender equity. We found a consistent pattern of women being under-representated across institutions and nations characterized by a relatively balanced representation of men and women in early career stages and a growing gap in later stages, with women occupying only 13% to 24% of senior positions. The same pattern was found in publishing, funding, and leadership of research institutes. Survey results demonstrate that most marine scientists are aware of the general and persistent gender bias, and perceive that it may compromise our ability to effectively solve conservation problems. Measures that increase fairness in evaluations (e.g. for hiring) and that support work-life balance ranked high, whereas gender-oriented measures, such as gender-specific scholarships, received less support. Our findings suggest that mechanisms promoting a fairer share of family responsibilities and transparent processes in hiring and evaluation are the most promising path to a more balanced participation of women in scientific leadership and conservation decision-making. Such measures may benefit not only women but diversity more generally, This article/publication is based upon work from COST Action 15121 “MarCons: Advancing marine conservation in the European and contiguous seas”, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology; www.cost.eu)., With the funding support of the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S), of the Spanish Research Agency (AEI)
Published: 2021

34. Adsorption and magnetic filtration of pollutants by a biochar-based composite

Author: Lomenech, Claire, Charlotte, Hurel, Mija, Alice, Kuzhir, Pavel, Schembri, Mathilde, Messina, Laurence, Tosi, Pierluigi, Ciffréo, Alain, Guibbolini-Sabatier, Marielle, Risso - de Faverney, Christine, Bee, Agnes, Talbot, Delphine, den Auwer, Christophe, Michel, Hervé, Institut de Physique de Nice (INPHYNI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut de Chimie de Nice (ICN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Liquides Ioniques et Interfaces Chargées (LI2C), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Lomenech, Claire
Subjects: [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018

35. Spodoptera EST sequencing and analysis of synteny among 3 species bring new perspectives for Lepidoptera genomics

Author: D Alencon, E., Audant, P., Bernard-Samain, S., Bidegainberry, V., Brehelin, M., Brun-Barale, A., Cousserans, C., Duvic, B., Jean-Michel ESCOUBAS, Feyereisen, R., Fournier, P., Gagneur, C., Gordon, K., Gimenez, S., Heckel, D., Hotelier, T., Hilliou, F., Mita, K., Negre, V., Sabourault, C., Suraporn, S., Volkoff, N., Weissenbach, J., Biologie Intégrative et Virologie des Insectes [Univ. de Montpellier II] (BIVI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Réponse des Organismes aux Stress Environnementaux (ROSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Ecologie microbienne des insectes et interactions hôte-pathogène (EMIP), Interactions Biotiques et Santé Végétale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), CSIRO Entomology, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Max-Planck-Institut, Services déconcentrés d'appui à la recherche - Montpellier, Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, NARO, Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Consortium National de Recherche en Génomique, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract: absent

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35 results on '"Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS)"'

1. Analyse par imagerie hyperspectrale sous-marine : Révéler la variabilité de l'efficacité des récifs artificiels

2. Effets du bruit marin sur le changement des poissons sparidés juvéniles entre les espèces et les stades de développement

3. A Pleistocene legacy structures variation in modern seagrass ecosystems

4. The biogeography of community assembly

5. Combining Ecological Niche Models and ecosystem services indicators to assess impacts of climate change on kelp: application to French coasts

6. An Overview of Marine Non-Indigenous Species Found in Three Contrasting Biogeographic Metropolitan French Regions: Insights on Distribution, Origins and Pathways of Introduction

7. Chemodiversity of Brevetoxins and Other Potentially Toxic Metabolites Produced by Karenia spp. and Their Metabolic Products in Marine Organisms

8. Small-scale patches of detritus as habitat for invertebrates within a Zostera noltei meadow

9. Improving predictions of invasive fish ranges combining functional and ecological traits with environmental suitability under climate change scenarios

10. Guidance Level for Brevetoxins in French Shellfish

11. Highly restricted dispersal in habitat-forming seaweed may impede natural recovery of disturbed populations

12. Joint effects of patch edges and habitat degradation on faunal predation risk in a widespread marine foundation species

13. European small pelagic fish distribution under global change scenarios

14. Compte rendu de l'atelier national « espèces non indigènes » (ENI), 14.10.2021, MNHN Paris

15. Juvenile Oblada melanura (L. 1758) otolith shape is impacted near recreational harbours or due to settlement position in nearby sites

16. Climate drives the geography of marine consumption by changing predator communities

17. Recreational and small-scale fisheries may pose a threat to vulnerable species in coastal and offshore waters of the western Mediterranean

18. Assessing spillover from Marine Protected Areas and its drivers: a meta-analytical approach

19. Effects of marine noise pollution on Mediterranean fishes and invertebrates: A review

20. Improving marine protected area governance through collaboration and co-production

21. Towards a purposeful construction of a new generation of artificial reefs : Comparative analyses of the intrinsic factors favouring their colonization from micro to macro-scale

22. Towards a purposeful construction of a new generation of artificial reefs : Comparative analyses of the intrinsic factors favouring their colonization from micro to macro-scale

23. Modelling European small pelagic fish distribution: Methodological insights

24. Multi-zone marine protected areas: Assessment of ecosystem and fisheries benefits using multiple ecosystem models

25. In Memoriam, Professor Patrice Francour (13 April 1960–13 October 2019)

26. Removal of an established invader can change gross primary production of native macroalgae and alter carbon flow in intertidal rock pools

27. Inconsistent relationships among protection, benthic assemblage, habitat complexity and fish biomass in Mediterranean temperate rocky reefs

28. Patterns of predation on native and invasive alien fish in Mediterranean protected and unprotected areas

29. A multidisciplinary analytical framework to delineate spawning areas and quantify larval dispersal in coastal fish

30. Management priorities for marine invasive species

31. Organization Science improves management effectiveness of Marine Protected Areas

32. Geographic distances and ocean currents influence Caribbean Acropora palmata population connectivity in the Lesser Antilles

33. Persistent gender bias in marine science and conservation calls for action to achieve equity

34. Adsorption and magnetic filtration of pollutants by a biochar-based composite

35. Spodoptera EST sequencing and analysis of synteny among 3 species bring new perspectives for Lepidoptera genomics

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35 results on '"Ecology and Conservation Science for Sustainable Seas (ECOSEAS)"'

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