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1. The Effect of Acute Ketone Supplementation on Time to Fatigue in NCAA Division I Cross-Country Athletes.

Author

Gonzalez, Marcos, Jachino, Caroline, Murphy, Blake, Heinemann, Kaitlyn, Magrini, Mitchel A., Bredahl, Eric C., Eckerson, Joan M., and Siedlik, Jacob A.

Subjects
KETONES, FATIGUE (Physiology), DIETARY supplements, HEART beat, RATE of perceived exertion, SPORTS nutrition
Abstract

This study investigated the effect of a commercially available ketone supplement on heart rate (HR), perceived exertion (RPE), blood lactate, glucose, and ketone concentrations, along with time to fatigue (TTF) during a running task to voluntary fatigue. Twelve NCAA Division I cross-country athletes took part in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study. Bayesian methodologies were employed for all statistical analyses, and point estimates were determined to be statistically significant if the 95% highest-density intervals (HDI) excluded zero. TTF was not significantly different between conditions with a Meandiff = 48.7 ± 6.3 s (95% HDI: −335, 424) and a 0.39 probability derived from the posterior distribution, indicating the likelihood that the supplement would increase TTF compared to the placebo control. Lactate concentrations immediately post-exercise were significantly lower in the supplement trial relative to placebo with an estimated Meandiff = −4.6 ± 1.9 mmol; 95% HDI: −8.3, −0.9. There were no significant interaction effects observed for either blood glucose or ketone concentrations nor HR or RPE. These findings imply that the acute ingestion of ketones before running at lactate threshold pace has a low probability of increasing TTF in highly trained Division I runners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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11. Effect of thirty days of creatine supplementation with phosphate salts on anaerobic working capacity and body weight in men

Author

Eckerson, Joan M., Bull, Anthony A., and Moore, Geri A.

Subjects
Phosphates -- Chemical properties, Phosphates -- Health aspects, Creatine -- Chemical properties, Creatine -- Health aspects, Body weight -- Nutritional aspects, Muscle strength -- Nutritional aspects, Health, Sports and fitness
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of 30 days of single-dose creatine supplementation with phosphate salts (CPS) on body weight (BW) and anaerobic working capacity (AWC) in men. Using a double-blind design, 32 men randomly received 1 serving of either CPS (5 g Cr + 4 g phosphate) (n = 17) or 20 g of dextrose as placebo (PL) (n = 15) for 30 days. AWC determined from the Critical Power Test and BW were measured at baseline, 10 days, 20 days, 30 days, and 10 days post-supplementation. Results (2 x 5 ANOVA) showed no significant differences between groups for AWC at any time point; however, BW was significantly increased at 10 days in the CPS group (1.0 kg) vs. PL (0.0 kg), and remained elevated for the duration of the study. These findings suggest that a single 5 g*[d.sup.-1] dose of CPS for 30 days increases BW but is not effective for increasing AWC in men. KEY WORDS critical power test, ergogenic aids, dietary supplement

Published
2008

13. Effect of creatine phosphate supplementation on anaerobic working capacity and body weight after two and six days of loading in men and women

Author

Eckerson, Joan M., Stout, Jeffrey R., Moore, Geri A., Stone, Nancy J., Iwan, Kate A., Gebauer, Amy N., and Ginsberg, Rachelle

Subjects
Creatine -- Usage, Creatine -- Physiological aspects, Anaerobic exercise -- Physiological aspects, Health, Sports and fitness
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 2 and 6 days of creatine phosphate loading on anaerobic working capacity (AWC) and body weight (BW) in men and women. Sixty-one men (n = 31) and women (n = 30) randomly received 1 of 3 treatments (4 x 5 g*[d.sup.-1] x 6 days) using a double blind design: (a) 18 g dextrose as placebo (PL); (b) 5.0 g Cr + 20 g dextrose (Cr); or (c) 5.0 g Cr + 18 g dextrose + 4 g of sodium and potassium phosphates (CrP). AWC was determined at baseline and following 2 and 6 days of supplementation using the Critical Power Test. BW increased significantly over time, and the mean value for the men was significantly greater compared to that for women, but there were no interactions (p > 0.05). There were gender-specific responses for AWC expressed in both absolute values (kJ) and relative to BW (kJ. [kg.sup.-1]), with the women demonstrating no significant interactions. For the men, CrP loading significantly increased AWC following 2 days (23.8%) and 6 days (49.8%) of supplementation vs. PL (kJ and kJ*[kg.sup.-1]). Cr supplementation increased AWC 13-15% in both genders compared to PL (1.1%-3.0% decline); although this result was not statistically significant, it may have some practical significance. Key Words. ergogenic aids, gender difference, critical power test

Published
2005

14. Accuracy of near-infrared interactance instruments and population-specific equations for estimating body composition in young wrestlers

Author

Housh, Terry J., Johnson, Glen O., Housh, Dona J., Cramer, Joel T., Eckerson, Joan M., Stout, Jeffrey R., Bull, Anthony J., and Rana, Sharon R.

Subjects
Athletes -- Research, Adipose tissues -- Research, Health, Sports and fitness
Abstract

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the accuracy of near-infrared interactance (NIR) instruments and population-specific NIR equations for estimating percent body fat (% fat) in young wrestlers. Forty-four white male youth wrestlers (mean age [+ or -] SD = 11.0 [+ or -] 2.1 years) volunteered for this study. Thirteen NIR % fat estimates were cross-validated against the criterion % fat from underwater weighing. The results of this study indicated that the total error (TE) values associated with the NIR instrument generated % fat estimates as well as % fat estimates from population-specific NIR equations developed for high school wrestlers or adult men were too large (TE = 5.7-27.3% fat) to be used with young wrestlers. Based on the present findings, it is recommended that new NIR equations be developed and validated specifically for use in young male athletes. KEY WORDS. percent body fat, validity, athletes

Published
2004

15. Effect of two and five days of creatine loading on anaerobic working capacity in women

Author

Eckerson, Joan M., Stout, Jeffrey R., Moore, Geri A., Stone, Nancy J., Nishimura, Kami, and Tamura, Kristie

Subjects
Health, Sports and fitness
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 2 and 5 days of Cr loading on anaerobic working capacity (AWC) using the critical power (CP) test in women. Ten physically active women randomly received 2 treatments separated by a 5 week washout period: (A) 18 g dextrose as placebo (PL) or (B) 5.0 g Cr + 18 g dextrose taken 4 times per day for 5 days. Following a familiarization trial, each subject completed the CP test at baseline and following 2 and 5 days of supplementation. The PL resulted in no significant changes in AWC following supplementation; however, Cr increased AWC by 22.1% after 5 days of loading (p < 0.05). There was a significant main effect for body weight (BW), however, there was no significant increase in BW due to Cr supplementation. These results suggest that Cr supplementation is effective for increasing AWC in women following 5 days of loading without an associated increase in BW. KEY WORDS. cycle ergometry, dietary supplement, ergogenic aids, exercise

Published
2004

16. Testing specificity and guidance hypotheses by manipulating relative frequency of KR scheduling in motor skill acquisition

Author

Goodwin, Jeff E., Eckerson, Joan M., and Voll, Craig A., Jr.

Subjects
Perceptual-motor learning -- Testing, Health, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

This investigation tested predictions of specificity and guidance hypotheses by manipulating relative frequency of knowledge of results scheduling using a shuffleboard task. Participants were assigned to either a 100%-KR, three 50%-KR conditions (Constant, Fade, Reverse), or 00%-KR condition. Based on predictions of the specificity hypothesis, it was expected the 00%-KR condition would perform the best on a no-KR retention test. It was also expected the 100%-KR condition would perform poorly on a no-KR retention test based on predictions of the guidance hypothesis. Analysis for 55 men's and 55 women's retention did not support predictions of the specificity hypothesis and provided partial support for the guidance hypothesis.

Published
2001

18. Effect of different quantities of variable practice on acquisition, retention, and transfer of an applied motor skill

Author

Goodwin, Jeff E., Eckerson, Joan M., Grimes, Charles R., and Gordon, Paul M.

Subjects
Motor ability -- Testing, Health, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

This investigation examined the effect of manipulating different quantities of variable practice in the acquisition phase on the retention and transfer performance of a dart throw. Participants in the Specific condition practiced a total of 75 acquisition trials from a distance of 2.39 m. Participants in the Specific + Variable condition practiced a total of 75 acquisition trials with 25 trials from distances of 1.47 m, 2.39 m, and 3.30 m. Participants in the Specific + Varplus condition practiced a total of 75 acquisition trials with 15 trials from distances of 1.47 m, 1.93 m, 2.39 m, 2.84 m, and 3.30 m. Results of the one-way analysis of variance on the 24-hr. retention test from 2.39 m yielded no significant differences among practice conditions for mean radial error. A one-way analysis of variance on the 24-hr. transfer test from 3.76 m indicated that the Specific + Variable and Specific + Varplus conditions performed with significantly smaller mean radial error than the Specific condition. The results are discussed in regard to recent research and applicability to instructional settings.

Published
1998

33. Validity of Near-Infrared Interactance Instruments for Estimating Percent Body Fat in Youth Wrestlers.

Author

Housh, Terry J., Stout, Jeffrey R., Johnson, Glen O., Housh, Dona J., and Eckerson, Joan M.

Subjects
STATISTICS, QUANTITATIVE research, WRESTLERS, WRESTLING, WEIGHING instruments, ERRORS
Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to determine the validity of near-infrared interactance (NIR) estimates of percent body fat (% fat) using Futrex-5000, Futrex-5000A, and Futrex-1000 instruments in youth wrestlers (age, M ± SD = 11.4 ± 1.5 years) by comparing them to % fat values from underwater weighing. Fifty-eight members of youth wrestling clubs (% fat, M ± SD = 10.7 ± 5.1% fat) volunteered to serve as subjects. The statistical analyses included examination of the constant error (CE), standard error of estimate (SEE), correlation coefficient (r), and total error (TE). The results indicated that the errors (TE = 8.0-16.2% fat) associated with the NIR instruments were too large to be of practical value for estimating % fat in young male athletes. It is recommended that (a) the instrument generated NIR % fat estimates be modified based on the CE values in the present investigation such that the CE = 0, and (b) the modified NIR % fat estimates be cross-validated on independent samples of young male athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1996
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34. Muscular Power of the Arms in High School Wrestlers.

Author

Evans, Sharon A., Eckerson, Joan M., Housh, Terry J., and Johnson, Glen O.

Subjects
WRESTLERS, EXERCISE tests, HUMAN body composition, INFLUENCE of age on ability, ATHLETIC ability testing, MUSCLE strength testing, HIGH school athletes, PHYSICAL fitness testing, PHYSIOLOGY
Abstract

This investigation examined age related differences in the muscular power of the arms in high school wrestlers. Seventy-five volunteers (M age ±SD = 16.3 ±1.2 yrs) were stratified into four age groups (≤15.00; 15.01-16.00; 16.01-17.00, and ≥17.01 yrs) corresponding approximately to the freshman through senior years of high school. Mean power (MP) and peak power (PP) were measured using an arm crank Wingate Anaerobic Test, and body composition was assessed via underwater weighing. The results indicated significant (p<0.05) group differences for absolute MP and PP as well as for relative MP and PP (covaried for body weight). No significant differences were found when MP and PP were adjusted for fat-free weight (FFW). The results suggested that the age related increases in muscular power of the arms were a function of increases in FFW across age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1993
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35. Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) Conference and Expo

Author

Ramaswamy, Lalitha, primary, Velraja, Supriya, additional, Escalante, Guillermo, additional, Harvey, Phil, additional, Alencar, Michelle, additional, Haddock, Bryan, additional, Durkalec-Michalski, Krzysztof, additional, Jeszka, Jan, additional, Zawieja, Bogna, additional, Podgórski, Tomasz, additional, Trussardi Fayh, Ana Paula, additional, Okano, Alexandre Hideki, additional, de Jesus Ferreira, Amanda Maria, additional, Jäger, Ralf, additional, Purpura, Martin, additional, Harris, Roger C., additional, Krause, Molly M., additional, Lavanger, Kiley A., additional, Allen, Nina O., additional, Lieb, Allison E., additional, Mullen, Katie A., additional, Eckerson, Joan M., additional, Morales, Elisa, additional, Forsse, Jeffrey, additional, Andre, Thomas, additional, McKinley, Sarah, additional, Hwang, Paul, additional, Tinsley, Grant, additional, Spillane, Mike, additional, Grandjean, Peter, additional, Willoughby, Darryn, additional, Jagim, A., additional, Wright, G., additional, Kisiolek, J., additional, Meinking, M., additional, Ochsenwald, J., additional, Andre, M., additional, Jones, M. T., additional, Oliver, J. M., additional, Ferreira, Victor Araújo, additional, de Souza, Daniel Costa, additional, dos Santos, Victor Oliveira Albuquerque, additional, Browne, Rodrigo Alberto Vieira, additional, Costa, Eduardo Caldas, additional, Fayh, Ana Paula Trussardi, additional, Mathews, Suresh T., additional, Bishop, Haley D., additional, Bowen, Clara R., additional, Liang, Yishan, additional, West, Emily A., additional, Rogers, Rebecca R., additional, Marshall, Mallory R., additional, Petrella, John K., additional, Holland, A. Maleah, additional, Kephart, Wesley C., additional, Mumford, Petey W., additional, Mobley, C. Brooks, additional, Lowery, Ryan P., additional, Wilson, Jacob M., additional, Roberts, Michael D., additional, Trexler, Eric T., additional, Hirsch, Katie R., additional, Campbell, Bill I., additional, Mock, Meredith G., additional, Smith-Ryan, Abbie E., additional, Zemek, Kate, additional, Johnston, Carol, additional, Pascoe, David D., additional, Lockwood, Christopher M., additional, Miller, Michael E., additional, Sanders, Gabriel J., additional, Peveler, Willard, additional, Warning, Brooke, additional, Peacock, Corey A., additional, Sandler, David, additional, Ojalvo, Sara Perez, additional, Komorowski, James, additional, Aguilar, Danielle, additional, Vargas, Andres, additional, Conlin, Laurin, additional, Sanders, Amey, additional, Fink-Irizarry, Paola, additional, Norton, Layne, additional, Perry, Ross, additional, McCallum, Ryley, additional, Wynn, Matthew R., additional, Lenton, Jack, additional, Gai, Chris, additional, Donelson, Seth, additional, Best, Shiva, additional, Bove, Daniel, additional, Couvillion, Kaylee, additional, Dolan, Jeff, additional, Xing, Dante, additional, Chernesky, Kyshia, additional, Pawela, Michael, additional, Toledo, Andres D., additional, Jimenez, Rachel, additional, Rabideau, M., additional, Walker, A., additional, Pellegrino, J., additional, Hofacker, M., additional, McFadden, B., additional, Conway, S., additional, Ordway, C., additional, Sanders, D., additional, Monaco, R., additional, Fragala, M. S., additional, Arent, S. M., additional, Stone, Jason D., additional, Kreutzer, Andreas, additional, Oliver, Jonathan M., additional, Kisiolek, Jacob, additional, Jagim, Andrew R., additional, Tok, Ozlem, additional, Pellegrino, Joseph K., additional, Walker, Alan J., additional, Sanders, David J., additional, McFadden, Bridget A., additional, Rabideau, Meaghan M., additional, Conway, Sean P., additional, Ordway, Chris E., additional, Bello, Marissa, additional, Hofacker, Morgan L., additional, Mackowski, Nick S., additional, Poyssick, Anthony J., additional, Capone, Eddie, additional, Monaco, Robert M., additional, Fragala, Maren S., additional, Arent, Shawn M., additional, Patel, Romil K., additional, Newton, Annie, additional, Beck, Darren T., additional, Young, Kaelin C., additional, Silver, Tobin, additional, Ellerbroek, Anya, additional, Buehn, Richard, additional, Vargas, Leo, additional, Tamayo, Armando, additional, Peacock, Corey, additional, Antonio, Jose, additional, Pollock, Adam, additional, Kreutzer, A., additional, Zavala, P., additional, Fleming, S., additional, Jones, M., additional, Haun, Cody T., additional, Hyde, Parker N., additional, Fairman, Ciaran M., additional, Moon, Jordan R., additional, Kendall, Kristina L., additional, Hudson, Geoffrey M., additional, Hannings, Tara, additional, Sprow, Kyle, additional, DiPietro, Loretta, additional, Kalman, Doug, additional, Oliver, J., additional, Wallace, Brian, additional, Bergstrom, Haley, additional, Wallace, Kelly, additional, Monsalves-Alvarez, Matias, additional, Oyharçabal, Sebastian, additional, Espinoza, Victoria, additional, VanDusseldorp, Trisha A., additional, Escobar, Kurt A., additional, Johnson, Kelly E., additional, Cole, Nathan, additional, Moriarty, Terence, additional, Stratton, Matthew, additional, Endito, Marvin R., additional, Mermier, Christine M., additional, Kerksick, Chad M., additional, Romero, Matthew A., additional, Linden, Melissa, additional, Meers, Grace Margaret-Eleanor, additional, Rector, R. Scott, additional, Gills, Joshua L, additional, Lu, Hocheng, additional, Parker, Kimberly, additional, Dobbins, Chris, additional, Guillory, Joshua N., additional, Romer, Braden, additional, Szymanski, David, additional, Glenn, Jordan, additional, Newmire, Daniel E., additional, Rivas, Eric, additional, Deemer, Sarah E., additional, Wildman, Robert, additional, Ben-Ezra, Victor, additional, Kerksick, C., additional, Gieske, B., additional, Stecker, R., additional, Smith, C., additional, Witherbee, K., additional, Lane, Michael T., additional, Byrd, M. Travis, additional, Bell, Zachary, additional, Frith, Emily, additional, Lane, Lauren M. C., additional, Silver, Tobin A., additional, Colas, Megan, additional, Mena, Mauricio, additional, Rodriguez, Winter, additional, Vansickle, Andrea, additional, DiFiore, Brittany, additional, Stepp, Stephanie, additional, Slack, Grant, additional, Smith, Bridget, additional, Ruffner, Kayla, additional, Mendel, Ronald, additional, Lowery, Lonnie, additional, Blue, Malia M. N., additional, Roelofs, Erica J., additional, Coles, Katie, additional, Martinez, Nic, additional, Joy, Jordan M., additional, Vogel, Roxanne M., additional, Hoover, Thomas H., additional, Broughton, K. Shane, additional, Dalton, R., additional, Sowinski, R., additional, Grubic, T., additional, Collins, P. B., additional, Colletta, A., additional, Reyes, A., additional, Sanchez, B., additional, Kozehchain, M., additional, Jung, Y. P., additional, Rasmussen, C., additional, Murano, P., additional, Earnest, C. P., additional, Greenwood, M., additional, Kreider, R. B., additional, Urbina, Stacie, additional, Santos, Emily, additional, Villa, Katelyn, additional, Olivencia, Alyssa, additional, Bennett, Haley, additional, Lara, Marissa, additional, Foster, Cliffa, additional, Wilborn, Colin, additional, Taylor, Lem, additional, Cholewa, Jason M, additional, Hewins, Amy, additional, Gallo, Samantha, additional, Micensky, Ashley, additional, de Angelis, Christian, additional, Carney, Christopher, additional, Campbell, Bill, additional, Rossi, Fabricio, additional, Koozehchian, M. S., additional, O’Connor, A., additional, Shin, S. Y., additional, Jung, Y. Peter, additional, Sanchez, B. K., additional, Coletta, A., additional, Cho, M., additional, and Murano, P. S., additional

Published
2016
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48. Isokinetic Peak Torque in Young Wrestlers

Author

Housh, Terry J., primary, Johnson, Glen O., additional, Housh, Dona J., additional, Stout, Jeffrey R., additional, Weir, Joseph P., additional, Weir, Loree L., additional, and Eckerson, Joan M., additional

Published
1996
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