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We have investigated the lithium capacity of the 2 H phase of niobium sulfide (NbS 2 ) using density functional theory calculations and experiments. Theoretically, this material is found to allow the intercalation of a double layer of Li in between each NbS 2 layer when in equilibrium with metal Li. The resulting specific capacity (340.8 mAh/g for the pristine material, 681.6 mAh/g for oxidized material) can reach more than double the specific capacity of graphite anodes. The presence of various defects leads to an even higher capacity with a partially reversible conversion of the material, indicating that the performance of the anodes is robust with respect to the presence of defects. Experiments in battery prototypes with NbS 2 -based anodes find a first specific capacity of about 1,130 mAh/g, exceeding the theoretical predictions., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interest., (© 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.)