Search

To evaluate the retinal and choroidal microvascular blood flow in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).Macular OCTA parameters including vessel density (VD) of parafoveal superficial capillary plexus (SCP-VD) and deep capillary plexus (DCP-VD), foveal vessel density (FD), foveal avascular zone area, and flow area of choriocapillaris were analyzed in 42 HIV-positive patients, and compared with 42 healthy controls.The mean SCP-VD, DCP-VD and FD were significantly lower in HIV-positive group compared with controls (p .001, p = .014, p = .026; respectively). Reduced SCP-VD was associated with higher HIV RNA plasma level (r = -0.400, p = .021) and lower CD4 + T cell count (r = 0.314, p = .046) in HIV-positive patients.Macular microvascular blood flow is affected by HIV infection. OCTA can detect microvascular flow abnormalities in retinal capillary plexus in HIV-positive patients.

Clinical relevance: Retinopathy of prematurity is a preventable blinding disorder worldwide. Laser photocoagulation is said to be the gold standard care of treatment. However, various factors are k...

Objective: Postoperative recurrent pilonidal sinus disease is troublesome, and its treatment is a challenge. In this study, it was aimed to present the long-term efficacy of crystallized phenol treatment on postoperative recurrent pilonidal sinus disease through our results collected within the last 20 years. Material and Methods: Two hundred and twenty-seven patients who had been previously operated on and suffered from recurrent pilonidal sinus disease were enrolled. The operation was applied in our outpatient clinic under local anesthesia. Demographic data of the patients, number of crystallized phenol treatment, duration of follow-up and recurrence numbers were prospectively recorded. Treatment success and factors affecting recurrence were examined. Results: Our success rate was found as 71.5%. This success rate belongs to the group of patients who never quit treatment and complied with the treatment. The patients were followed up for a mean 45.8 months. Of the post-crystallized phenol treatment recurrences, 72.4% took place within the first five years, while 97.4% did so within the first 10 years. Mean number of crystallized phenol applications was 2.6. The longer the duration of the disease before treatment, the more recurrence was observed after treatment (p= 0.02). There was no correlation between the number of previous operations and recurrence after treatment. As the number of sinus openings increased, so did the number of applications (p= 0.001). Conclusion: Crystallized phenol treatment yields promising long-term results in recurrent pilonidal sinus disease as well and may be recommended as the first choice in recurrent pilonidal sinus disease treatment since it is an effective non-operative treatment modality.

To investigate both the possible effects of both idiopathic epiretinal membrane (IERM) itself and surgery on macular microvascular structure using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) and to determine the associations with structural and visual outcomes. Twenty-four eyes of 24 patients with IERM and 24 eyes of 12 healthy controls were included. Vascular parameters, including the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) were evaluated by OCT-A prior to and 6 months after ERM removal. The foveal avascular zone (FAZ, mm2) area, parafoveal vascular density (VD, %) and flow area (mm2) measurements were used to evaluate the macular vascular integrity. The mean preoperative vascular density (VD) of both plexuses was lower in eyes with IERM than in healthy eyes (both p = 0.0001). The mean preoperative flow area of the DCP in eyes with IERM was significantly lower than that in the control eyes (p = 0.016). There was no significant difference in the VD or flow area in either superficial or deep capillary plexuses as a result of surgery (SCP; p = 0.957, p = 0.97, DCP; p = 0.861, p = 0.6, respectively). Both the parafoveal DCP-VD and flow area in DCP were negatively correlated with best-corrected visual acuity (logMAR) at 6 months postoperatively (r = −0.46, p = 0.03; r = −0.52, p = 0.01, respectively). Epiretinal membranes may cause dynamic microvascular changes at the macula. However, the effect of surgery on microvasculature may be more limited than that on anatomical and visual recovery. OCT-A may serve as a useful tool in understanding the pathophysiological basis of diseases.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the pay for performance system applied nationally in Turkey and in other countries around the world and to reveal the effects of the system applied in our country on the general surgery. Material and Methods: Current literature and countries’ programs on the implementation of the pay for performance system were recorded. The results of the Turkish Surgical Association’s performance and Healthcare Implementation Communique (HIC) commission studies were evaluated in light of the literature. Results: Many countries have implemented performance systems on a limited scale to improve quality, speed up the diagnosis, treatment, and control of certain diseases, and they have generally applied it as a financial promotion by receiving the support of health insurance companies and nongovernmental organizations. It turns out that surgeons in our country feel that they are being wronged because of the injustice in the current system because the property of their works is not appreciated and they cannot get the reward for the work they do. This is also the reason for the reluctance of medical school graduates to choose general surgery. Conclusion: Authorities should pay attention to the opinions of associations and experts in the related field when creating lists of interventional procedures related to surgery. Equal pay should be given to equal work nationally, and surgeons should be encouraged by incentives to perform detailed, qualified surgeries. There is a possibility that the staff positions opened for general surgery, as well as, all surgical branches will remain empty in the near future.

This study aimed to assess the content, quality, and reliability of YouTube videos on colorectal cancer screening. Colorectal cancer is the third most common cause of death worldwide.A basic search was conducted on the YouTubeOf the 137 videos included in the study, 74 (54%) were categorized in the useful information group and 63 (46%) in the misleading information group. It was found that most (47.3%) of the videos in the useful information group were uploaded by academic-based sources. Conversely, most (46%) of the videos in the misleading information group were uploaded by for-profit companies, private hospitals, and medical advertisements. An analysis of the video features according to the upload source revealed that the total views (p=0.023), likes (p=0.004), and viewer engagement with the video (p=0.026) were higher in the public spotlight videos group. Conclusionsː The quality of public spotlight videos with high viewing rates and audience interaction should be increased to inform the public. In addition, there is a need for videos containing comprehensive and accurate information to be uploaded to YouTube, which is an important source of information today, by universities, health organizations, and doctors who do not make a profit (financially) from the results.

Purpose: To compare the visual and anatomic outcomes of intravitreal ranibizumab versus aflibercept in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) in a real-world study.Methods: This is a single-center retrospective comparative study of treatment-naïve patients who received intravitreal ranibizumab or aflibercept administration for DME for at least 12 months on an as needed regimen following three-monthly loading doses. The primary outcomes of the study were the mean change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), central macular volume (CMV). Factors to potentially affect these parameters were also analyzed.Results: A total of 100 eyes (66 patients) were included in the study. Fifty two eyes received ranibizumab and 48 received aflibercept injections. While the decrease in mean CMT at the 4th-month visit was significantly higher in the aflibercept-treated group than in the ranibizumab-treated group (p=0.02), there was no difference between the two groups at the end of the one-year follow-up (p=0.25). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of change in mean CMV during the follow-up. (p=0.26, p=0.27 at 4 and 12 months, respectively). The mean number of injections were also similar between groups (4.5 ± 1 vs. 4.6 ± 1.1 respectively, p=0.63).Conclusion: In a real-world setting, ranibizumab and aflibercept were both found to be effective in the first-line treatment of DME. Patients with DME who received fewer injections in the real-world could achieve visual and anatomical results comparable to randomized controlled trials participants.

Seroma is the most common wound complication due to dead space remaining after mastectomy and axillary dissection. Seroma formation, which causes pain and tension, together with the limitations of shoulder and arm movements, can cause wound healing problems that can progress to wound dehiscence and flap necrosis. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of continuous drainage and negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in breast cancer patients with refractory postmastectomy seroma. This retrospectively designed study was conducted with 27 patients who were referred to our center between 2018 and 2021 due to refractory seroma after mastectomy. The inclusion criteria of the study were the cases who were planned minimally invasive debridement and NPWT due to having refractory seroma formation with at least 200 cc and having interventions more than 1 month after modified radical mastectomy (MRM), despite conventional treatment methods. All patients' demographics, disease stage, history of possible neoadjuvant therapy, comorbidities, body mass index (BMI), number of wound dressings with NPWT, and total amount of NPWT accumulation were enrolled and compared statistically. Twenty-seven patients included in the study underwent continuous drainage after debridement, and 5 (3-9) dressings were treated with NPWT. None of the patients experienced complications after debridement and NPWT administration. In refractory seroma cases seen after postmastectomy, NPWT especially for the management of debridement and dead space can be evaluated as an appropriate treatment method in patients with high flow rate seroma.

Background In-transit metastasis is considered a locoregional disease in cutaneous melanoma (CM) patients. Isolated limb perfusion (ILP) is among the treatment options in selected cases. The aim of this study was to determine the success of pre- and post-perfusion mSIS values in predicting the potential complications and the prognosis of the disease by investigating the early and long-term results of mSIS values calculated before and after ILP in CM cases with in-transit metastases. Materials and methods Patients who underwent ILP within the period from 2014 to 2020 in our department were retrospectively scanned. A total of 20 patients were found to undergo ILP. The scores obtained from modified inflammation score (mSIS) were formulated according to albumin (Alb) and lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) scores. Results The mean follow-up time was 20.47 months. Complications requiring surgical intervention developed in three patients. According to the Wieberdink local toxicity classification, the majority (70%) of the patients were found to be grade II. Based on pre-perfusion mSIS values, 8 patients were classified as mSIS 0 while six patients were classified as mSIS 1 and 2. Based on post-perfusion mSIS values, 14 patients and one patient were classified as mSIS 2 (70%) and mSIS 0, respectively. Accordingly, univariate analysis showed that mSIS 1 and mSIS 2 were negative prognostic factors for mean survival in the pre-perfusion period (HR 0.162, 95% CI 0.036–0.729; p = 0.018 and HR: 0.223, 95% CI 0.049–1.019; p = 0.053) whereas albumin (Alb) and lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) were not independent prognostic factors for mean survival. Conclusion The mSIS values calculated in the pre-perfusion period can give an opinion about the OS of the patients whereas post-perfusion mSIS values may predict potential surgical complications and local toxicities.

To evaluate the retinal and choroidal microstructural changes at fovea after half-dose photodynamic therapy (PDT) in patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), using optical coherence tomography (OCT).The study included 35 eyes with unilateral chronic CSC treated with half-dose PDT. The foveal outer nuclear layer (ONL) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) in the affected eyes were compared with baseline measurements at month 1, 3, and 6 after half-dose PDT, and those of the healthy contralateral eyes.The mean baseline ONL thickness of the affected eyes was thinner compared to unaffected fellow eyes (66.9 ± 16.5 μm vs 111.5 ± 11.6 μm, p0.001), and increased significantly to 68.6 ± 17.0 μm at month 3 and 68.9 ± 17.3 μm at month 6 after treatment (p = 0.025 and p = 0.014 respectively). The mean baseline SFCT of the affected eyes was thicker compared to unaffected fellow eyes (399.9 ± 87.0 μm vs 338.2 ± 75.4 μm, p0.001), and decreased significantly after treatment at month 1, 3, and 6 (374.0 ± 84.8 μm, 369.7 ± 81.8 μm, 367.3 ± 80.8 μm respectively, p0.001 for all). The responder group (n = 26), in which subretinal fluid was completely resorbed, showed a significant increase in ONL thickness and decrease in SFCT after treatment, whereas in the non-responder group (n = 9) ONL thickness and SFCT did not differ after treatment.In CSC patients, significant changes are observed in foveal ONL thickness and SFCT after half-dose PDT. ONL thickness and SFCT are suggested to be considered in the OCT examinations of CSC patients.

Clinical relevance: Pivotal studies are based on strict treatment regimens of vascular endothelial growth factor blocking drugs in neovascular age-related macular degeneration. However, looser regi...

Background: To analyze the microvascular parameters using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in non-infectious posterior uveitis (PU) patients. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, OCTA images of patients with non-infectious PU were evaluated. The vessel densities (VD) in the superficial and deep capillary plexuses (SCP & DCP), foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area were measured and compared to healthy controls. Results: The study cohort comprised 64 patients with age and gender-matched groups. The VD in the SCP was 43.9±3.9% in the whole image; 18.4±4.8% in the fovea, 43.9±4.6% in the parafoveal area, and 43.4±9.7% in the perifoveal zone, in eyes with uveitis. These were respectively 48.8±2.9%, 22.9±6.9%, 50.9±3.0%, and 49.2±3.1% in the control group (p=0.0001, 0.043, 0.0001, 0.01, respectively). The changes in the DCP in eyes with uveitis were not significant. In the uveitis group, the FAZ was significantly enlarged compared to controls (0.37±0.1 microns vs. 0.24±0.2 microns, p=0.046). Conclusion: OCTA depicted significant changes including decreased VD in the SCP and enlarged FAZ in non-infectious PU.

To report the epidemiology, etiology, ocular characteristics, management, and visual outcomes of pediatric uveitis patients in Southern Turkey. The clinical records of pediatric patients with a diagnosis of uveitis under the age of 16 years and followed up longer than 6 months were analyzed retrospectively. The study included 102 patients and 173 affected eyes. The mean age at presentation was 11.4 ± 3.7 years. Uveitis was predominantly bilateral (69.6%), anterior (45.1%), and chronic (58.8%). The leading diagnoses were idiopathic uveitis (38.2%), pars planitis (19.6%), and juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis (14.7%). Infectious uveitis accounted for 12.7%, and toxoplasmosis was the most common cause (10.8%). At least one complication was observed in 76.3% of the eyes, and optic disk edema (37%) was the most frequent. Corticosteroids were used in 97.1% and systemic immunomodulatory agents in 49% of the patients. Ocular surgery was performed in 17.3% of the eyes, and cataract extraction was the most common (8.7%). The mean BCVA was 0.39 ± 0.66 LogMAR at baseline and 0.25 ± 0.53 LogMAR at the last recorded visit. Pediatric uveitis is a challenging disease that requires meticulous management. Anterior uveitis is the most frequent form. Despite a changing trend for an increase in diagnostic variety, idiopathic cases still constitute the majority. A significant number of patients receive systemic therapy, develop complications, and require surgical intervention. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment might improve visual outcomes and reduce the risk of visual loss.

Behcet Disease (BD) is a systemic vasculitis, first described with a triad of oral aphthous ulcers, genital ulcers, and uveitis. The authors aimed to share the clinical properties and utilities of three distinct classification criteria for BD in this study.This case-control study was conducted in pediatric BD patients, diagnosed between January 2012 and July 2019. The control group included 53 children with other rheumatic disorders. Sensitivity and specificity for International Study Group (ISG), International Criteria for BD (ICBD), and pediatric criteria for BD (PEDBD) criteria were tested.The mean age at symptom onset and diagnosis of the 16 BD patients (6 females, 10 males) were 11.2 ± 3.6 and 13 ± 3.1 years, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of ISG criteria were 87.5% and 100%. Furthermore, ICBD criteria had a sensitivity and specificity of 93.7% and 98.1%, whereas the authors found sensitivity and specificity as 93.7% and 96.2% for PEDBD.ICBD and PEDBD reached higher sensitivity for pediatric BD diagnosis and ICBD had the highest specificity. The authors speculate that the utilization of ICBD may provide early diagnosis of BD in childhood, prevent related morbidities and misdiagnosis.

Dear EditorWe read with great interest the article entitled “Analysis of parafoveal microvascular abnormalities in Behcet’s uveitis using projection-resolved optical coherence tomographic angiograp...

To examine the content, quality and reliability of YouTube videos related to breast self-examination. A search of YouTube was made on 21.06.2018 using the keyword of “breast self-examination”. The videos were categorised by two doctors as useful information or misleading information. To evaluate the quality of the videos, a 5-point global quality scale was used (GQS: 1 = poor quality, 5 = excellent quality), for reliability a 5-point DISCERN scale was used, and for content an 8-point scale (higher points indicated greater reliability and better content). Of the 200 videos initially included in the study, 33 (37.9%) were classified as useful and 54 (62%) as misleading information. The reliability, content and quality scores of the videos in the useful information group were higher. The length (in seconds) of the videos in the useful information group (median 301, IQR 231–512) was longer than that of those in the misleading information group (median 163, IQR 94.8–231) (p = 0.003). The majority (70.6%) of the videos in the misleading information group had been uploaded by an individual user. The number of views per day of the videos in the misleading information group (median 58.6, IQR 18.5–298) was greater than that of the videos in the useful information group (median 49.7, IQR 16.3–268) (p = 0.276). The number of total views was higher for the misleading information group (median 83807 vs. 80237) but not at a level of statistical significance (p = 0.153). There were more videos explaining breast self-examination directed at women only, and there were determined to be few videos including men only or both genders. Although there are many videos in English related to breast self-examination on YouTube, a great many of these contain misleading information. Therefore, for public information, there is a need for videos with full and accurate information to be made by universities, healthcare organisations and doctors not benefitting from the outcomes, to be uploaded to YouTube, which is a currently important source of information for the general population.

WOS: 000446776000010, PubMed ID: 29750327, Purpose Inguinal hernia repairs are the most common interventions in adults in general surgery clinics. Depending on the type of mesh and repair, the incidence of mesh-related infection ranges from 0.6 to 8%. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is the most common microorganism causing graft infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of nano-crystalline silver-coated polypropylene grafts against graft infection created with MRSA in rats. Methods A total of 60 female, Wistar albino rats were used in the study. Polypropylene grafts 1 x 1 cm in size were coated in silver ion-doped, calcium phosphate-based, antibacterial ceramic powder (NS-coated graft) to provide an antimicrobial effect. The MRSA seeding procedure was applied at the same time as surgery. In Group 1, normal graft was applied without MRSA seeding, in Group 2, normal graft with MRSA seeding, in Group 3, NS-coated graft without MRSA seeding, and in Group 4, NS-coated graft with MRSA seeding. For the groups which were to be infected, the bacteria were seeded in the surgical area during the operation. On the 7th day postoperatively, all the animals were killed. The grafts were removed and one from each group was examined under electron microscope and the others were implanted in culture medium and the number of colonies was counted after 24 h. Results In Groups 1 and 3, the incision site was seen t o have healed on day 3, no clinical surgical area infection was seen during follow-up, and in the exploration made on the 7th day, no findings of infection were observed. In Group 2, hyperemia and collection were seen to have formed on day 3, abscess had started to form in all the rats of this group on day 4, a purulent discharge in the wound site had started in 12 animals on day 5, separation of the wound site was observed in 6 on day 6, and in the exploration on day 7, there was seen to be a fibrin and pus-rich collection around the graft in all cases. In Group 4, there were hyperemia and collection in 6 animals on day 4, and in 3 of these, abscess was seen to have formed on the 5th day. No purulent discharge or wound separation was observed. In the exploration on the 7th day, it was seen that in the animals with abscess development, the formation was of a localized abscess. The results of the cultures of the grafts removed from Groups 1 and 3 showed no production, whereas production was seen in all the grafts removed from Groups 2 and 4. Clinical surgical area infection was seen to have developed in 100% of Group 2 and in 40% of Group 4. In the comparison of the number of colonies, a statistically significantly lower number of bacteria were determined in Group 4 compared to Group 2 (p < 0.05). In the SEM images taken of Group 2, bacteria clusters were seen attached to the graft. Conclusion Consistent with previous findings in the literature, the NS-coated polypropylene graft was seen to have a significantly better bactericidal effect than the normal polypropylene graft. Development of NS-coated grafts seems to be a reliable and applicable method to reduce the incidence of postoperative graft infection.

PubMedID: 30793798 Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SCT) after intravitreal aflibercept injections for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (NV-AMD). Methods: Eighty-nine eyes (48 treatment naive, 41 resistant) were included in this prospective study. All patients were treated with three consecutive monthly injections then every two months as required. BCVA, CMT and SCT were recorded and compared within and between the two groups. Results: The mean increase in BCVA after injections was 0.18 ± 0.34 logMAR in the naive group (p = 0.01) and 0.092 ± 0.38 logMAR in the resistant group (p = 0.131). The mean decrease in CMT was 200.3 ± 216.1 µm in the naive group and 183.3 ± 203.4 µm in the resistant group (p < 0.001 for both). The mean decrease in SCT was 22.1 ± 62.0 µm in the naive group (p = 0.014). The mean change in SCT was 22.28 ± 74.05 µm in the resistant group; this was not statistically significant (p = 0.061). Conclusion: BCVA, CMT and SCT decreased significantly after intravitreal aflibercept injections in naive patients with NV-AMD. Despite anatomic success, functional improvement was not reached and SCT did not significantly decrease after intravitreal aflibercept injections in resistant patients. © 2019 Optometry Australia

Background. With the advances in surgical tools, simultaneous removal of cataract associated with vitreoretinal disorders is gaining popularity. This combined surgery offers several advantages besides limitations. The aim of this study is to assess the outcome and complications of phacoemulsification combined with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). Patients and Methods. In this retrospective review, medical charts of patients undergoing phacovitrectomy for coexisting cataract and various vitreoretinal disorders were analyzed. Patient demographics, retinal diagnosis, visual acuities (VA) in logMAR, intraocular pressure (IOP), intraoperative and postoperative complications were assessed. Clear corneal phacoemulsification and 23-gauge transconjunctival PPV were administered in all cases. Results. Eighty-four eyes of 64 (76.2%) males and 20 (23.8%) females were enrolled. The average age of patients was 59.5 ± 13.8 (18–81). The average period of follow-up was 7.2 ± 7.5 months (1–36). The vitreoretinal diagnoses were as follows: 28 (33.3%) rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, 23 (27.4%) vitreous hemorrhage, 12 (14.3%) intraocular foreign body, 12 (14.3%) epiretinal membrane, 4 (4.8%) macular hole, 4 (4.8%) tractional retinal detachment, and 1 (1.2%) vitreomacular traction. The most common intraoperative complications were miosis and rupture of the posterior capsule (92.9% and 8.3%, respectively). In 8 (9.5%) cases, there was fibrin in the anterior chamber. Posterior synechia developed in 7 (8.3%) of cases. No severe increase in intraocular pressure was evident. Conclusion. Phacoemulsification combined with PPV is a safe and efficient way of management in cases where cataract coexists with vitreoretinal pathologies.

Objective: To analyze the outcome of pneumatic retinopexy (PR) for repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Materials and Methods: Medical chart of patients who underwent PR for RRD were retrospectively reviewed. Visual acuity, lens status, localization of the detachment, number of breaks, the duration of follow-up, and the demographic data were assessed. C 3 F 8 gas was injected in all cases. In cases PR failed, the patients underwent pars plana vitrectomy. Patients with a follow-up of below 2 months were excluded. Results: Twenty-one eyes of 21 patients (14 males, 7 females) with a median age of 59 (18-68) were included. Eight cases were pseudophakic and 13 were phakic. Preoperative visual acuities ranged between hand motions and 1,0. The median detached retina area in clock hours was 4 (2-7). In 19 cases, only 1 break was detected preoperatively. Peripheral retinal laser photocoagulation (360 degrees) was applied in 18 cases. 360-degree laser photocoagulation was signifi cantly associated with successful outcome. Reattachment was achieved in 13 (61.9%) cases. No PR-related complications were encountered. Conclusion: Pneumatic retinopexy is a safe and effi cient procedure in selected cases. Amaç: Yırtıklı retina dekolmanında (YRD) pnömatik ertinopeksinin (PR) tedavisinin sonuçlarını değerlendirmek. Yöntem: Yırtıklı retina dekolmanı için PR yapılan hastaların tıbbi kayıtları retrospektif olarak tarandı. Görme keskinliği, lensin durumu, dekol- manın yerleşimi, yırtık sayısı, takip süresi ve demografi k veriler değerlendirildi. Tüm olgularda C3F8 gazı kullanıldı. Pnömatik retinopeksinin başarılı olmadığı durumda hastalara pars plana vitrektomi uygulandı. İki Aydan kısa takip süresi olan olgular çalışmaya alınmadı. Bulgular: Ortalama yaşları 59 (18-68) olan 21 hastanın (14 erkek, 7 kadın) 21 gözü çalışmaya dahil edildi. Sekiz olgu psödofak, 13 olgu fakikti. Ameliyat öncesi görme keskinlikleri el hareketleri sayma ile 1,0 arasında değişiyordu. Dekole retina alan genişliği medyan 4 (2-7) saat kadranıydı. On dokuz olguda ameliyat öncesinde tek delik tespit edildi. Perifer retina lazer fotokoafulasyonu (360 derece) 18 olguya uygulandı. 360 derece perifer retina lazer fotokoagulasyonu başarılı sonuç ile anlamlı derecede ilişkiliydi. On üç (%61,9) olguda retina yatıştı. Pnömatik retinopeksiye bağlı bir komplikasyon meydana gelmedi.